WO2017148974A1 - Échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2017148974A1
WO2017148974A1 PCT/EP2017/054694 EP2017054694W WO2017148974A1 WO 2017148974 A1 WO2017148974 A1 WO 2017148974A1 EP 2017054694 W EP2017054694 W EP 2017054694W WO 2017148974 A1 WO2017148974 A1 WO 2017148974A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
segment
heat exchanger
flue gas
walls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/054694
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel HOLTROP
Dirk Ten Hoeve
Geert Folkers
Omke Jan Teerling
Original Assignee
Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. filed Critical Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V.
Priority to CN201780014251.7A priority Critical patent/CN108700335A/zh
Priority to EP17707879.7A priority patent/EP3423759A1/fr
Publication of WO2017148974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017148974A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F23C99/006—Flameless combustion stabilised within a bed of porous heat-resistant material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0024—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising a combustion
  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger with minimal CO generation when in use in a boiler.
  • WO09/053247A1 discloses a heat exchanger element comprising a
  • the heat exchanger element further comprises a combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber is bound on one side by the burner and is further made up of water cooled walls which, starting from the burner and in downstream direction, first widens and thereafter narrows down to the width of a customary heat exchanger element. This creates enough space for a proper combustion, avoiding dead angles and recirculation or too early ending of the combustion reaction, thereby reaching low emissions of NOx and CO.
  • the combustion chamber comprises fins elongated in the downstream flue gas flow direction.
  • the first aspect of the invention is a condensing heat exchanger
  • the heat exchanger comprises a flue gas draft; delimited by walls among which two, preferably parallel, water cooled walls between which flue gas can flow.
  • the two water cooled walls each comprise channels for water flow. It is possible however that more than two of the walls are water cooled.
  • the combustion chamber is bound at its top at least partly by the room provided for the burner; at its sides by a set of two first combustion chamber walls opposite to each other; and by a set of two second combustion walls opposite to each other.
  • the first combustion chamber walls are longer than the second combustion chamber walls.
  • the first combustion chamber walls are provided with channels for water flow.
  • the combustion chamber is bound at its bottom by the flue gas draft.
  • the first combustion chamber walls are provided as extensions of water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas draft.
  • the two first combustion chamber walls each comprise a first segment and a second segment.
  • the second segment is located below the first segment; meaning that the second segment is provided in flue gas flow direction downstream from the first segment.
  • the second segment immediately follows the first segment downstream in the flue gas flow direction.
  • the first segments are each curved - and preferably continuously curved - so that the section of the combustion chamber bound by the first segments - preferably continuously - widens in the downstream flue gas flow direction.
  • Each of the two first segments is provided with channels for water flow.
  • the second segments are each curved - and preferably continuously curved - so that the section of the combustion chamber bound by the second segments - preferably continuously - narrows in flue gas downstream direction.
  • the second segment of the first combustion chamber walls comprises longitudinal fins elongated in the direction away from the top of the combustion chamber. The fins extend in the combustion chamber.
  • the first segment of the first combustion chamber walls is smooth meaning that it does not comprise heat exchange increasing protrusions extending in the combustion chamber.
  • the condensing heat exchanger of the invention showed the surprising result that CO production was significantly reduced, while there was no negative effect on the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the result is surprising; because a skilled person would expect that the absence of heat exchange increasing protrusions on the first segments of the first combustion chamber walls would considerably reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanger because of the reduced heat exchanger surface.
  • the second combustion chamber walls do not comprise heat exchange increasing protrusions extending in the
  • the combustion chamber has a beam shape.
  • chamber walls opposite to each other is/are provided with channels for water flow.
  • the height of the fins is constant over at least half of the
  • the height of the fins is the dimension of the fin measured perpendicularly to the wall onto which the fin is provided.
  • the second segment comprises a part wherein the height of the fins decreases in the direction from the bottom of the second segment to the end of the second segment. More preferably, the fin is - preferably linearly - chamfered at a part where the height of the fins decreases in the direction from the bottom of the second segment in the direction towards the end of the second segment.
  • the height of the fins is constant over at least half of the second segment; and preferably over at least 75% of the second segment.
  • a part where the height of the fins decreases is provided above where the height of the fins is constant over at least half of the second segment; and preferably over at least 75% of the second segment.
  • water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas draft comprise pins extending into the flue gas draft. More preferably, pins, and preferably all pins, on the water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas draft, are continuous pins extending over the full distance between two water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas channel.
  • each of the two first segments comprise a full channel for water flow.
  • cross sections are considered aligned with the average flue gas flow direction in the condensing heat exchanger.
  • full channel for water flow is meant that the complete channel for water flow is comprised in the first segment.
  • the water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas draft are not provided with fins extending in the flue gas draft.
  • the condensing heat exchanger is made out of aluminium or out of an aluminium alloy.
  • the condensing heat exchanger is a
  • monobloc casting preferably out of aluminium or out of an aluminium alloy.
  • the condensing heat exchanger comprises one or more than one metal casted part, preferably out of aluminium or out of an aluminium alloy.
  • a second aspect of the invention is a heat cell comprising a condensing heat exchanger as in any embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
  • the heat cell comprises an outwardly curved or ridged premix gas burner provided at the top end of the combustion chamber.
  • the premix gas burner is a surface stabilized premix gas burner of which the burner deck has an outwardly curved or ridged surface.
  • the premix gas burner is provided for the production of flue gas when the heat cell is in use, flue gas that is used to heat water flowing through the condensing heat exchanger.
  • Figure 1 shows a heat cell according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section of the heat cell of figure 1 .
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a heat cell 10 according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section 200 of the heat cell of figure 1 according to the plane ⁇ - ⁇ of figure 1 .
  • the heat cell 10 comprises a condensing heat exchanger 202 as in the first aspect of the invention.
  • An outwardly curved or ridged premix gas burner 204 (not shown in figure 1 , but shown in figure 2) is provided at the top end of the combustion chamber 210 of the heat exchanger 202.
  • the burner 204 is a fully premixed surface stabilized gas burner of which the burner deck has an outwardly curved or ridged surface.
  • the condensing heat exchanger of the example can be provided as a monobloc casting out of an aluminium alloy.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a flue gas draft 212, delimited by walls wherein the walls comprise two water cooled walls 214 between which flue gas can flow.
  • the two water cooled walls 214 each comprise channels 216 for water flow.
  • the combustion chamber 210 is bound at its top by the room provided for the burner; at its sides by a set of two first combustion chamber walls 220 opposite to each other; and by a set of two second first combustion walls opposite to each other.
  • the first combustion chamber walls 220 are provided with channels 222 for water flow.
  • the combustion chamber is bound at its bottom by the flue gas draft 212.
  • the first combustion chamber walls 220 are provided as extensions of water cooled walls 214 delimiting the flue gas draft.
  • the first combustion chamber walls 220 each comprise a first segment 224 and a second segment 226. The second segment 226 is located below the first segment 224; and immediately follows the first segment 224 in the flue gas downstream flow direction.
  • the first segments 224 are each continuously curved so that the section of the combustion chamber 210 bound by the first segments 224 continuously widens in the downstream flue gas flow direction.
  • each of the two first segments comprises a full channel 223 for water flow.
  • the height (A) of the first segment is equal to the height (B) of the second segment.
  • the second segments 226 are each continuously curved so that the section of the combustion chamber 210 bound by the second segments 226 continuously narrows in the downstream flue gas flow direction.
  • the second segment 226 of the first combustion chamber walls 220 comprises longitudinal fins 228 elongated in the direction away from the top of the combustion chamber. The fins 228 extend in the combustion chamber.
  • the first segment 224 of the first combustion chamber walls 220 is smooth meaning that it does not comprise heat exchange increasing protrusions extending in the combustion chamber 210.
  • the height of the fins 228 is constant over about 70% of the length of the second segment 226.
  • the fin is chamfered at a part where the height of the fins decreases in the direction from the bottom of the second segment 226 in the direction towards the end of the second segment 226.
  • the water cooled walls 214 delimiting the flue gas draft comprise pins 230 extending into the flue gas draft 212.
  • all pins 230 are continuous pins extending over the full distance between the water cooled walls 214 delimiting the flue gas channel 212.

Abstract

Un échangeur de chaleur à condensation comprend une chambre de combustion, disposée sur sa partie supérieure avec de l'espace pour l'installation d'un brûleur à gaz à prémélange. L'échangeur de chaleur comprend un tirage de gaz de combustion, délimité par des parois, dont deux parois refroidies à l'eau entre lesquelles s'écoule un gaz de combustion. Chacune des parois refroidies à l'eau comprend des canaux pour l'écoulement de l'eau. La chambre de combustion est liée au niveau de sa partie supérieure, au moins en partie, par l'espace destiné au brûleur ; au niveau de ses côtés par un ensemble de deux premières parois de chambre de combustion opposées l'une à l'autre ; et par un ensemble de deux secondes parois de chambre de combustion opposées l'une à l'autre ; et au niveau de sa partie inférieure par le tirage de gaz de combustion. Les premières parois de chambre de combustion présentent des canaux pour l'écoulement de l'eau. Les premières parois de chambre de combustion sont utilisées comme des extensions des parois refroidies à l'eau délimitant le tirage de gaz de combustion. Les deux premières parois de chambre de combustion comprennent chacune un premier segment et un second segment, situé au-dessous du premier segment. Les premiers segments sont chacun incurvés de telle sorte que la section de la chambre de combustion reliée par les premiers segments s'élargit dans la direction d'écoulement de gaz de combustion en aval. Chacun des deux premiers segments comporte des canaux pour l'écoulement de l'eau. Les seconds segments sont chacun incurvés de telle sorte que la section de la chambre de combustion reliée par les seconds segments se rétrécit en direction aval du gaz de combustion. Le second segment des premières parois de chambre de combustion comprend des ailettes longitudinales allongées dans la direction s'éloignant de la partie supérieure de la chambre de combustion et s'étendant dans la chambre de combustion. Le premier segment des premières parois de chambre de combustion est lisse, ce qui signifie qu'il ne comprend pas de saillies d'échange de chaleur augmentant et s'étendant dans la chambre de combustion.
PCT/EP2017/054694 2016-03-03 2017-03-01 Échangeur de chaleur WO2017148974A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201780014251.7A CN108700335A (zh) 2016-03-03 2017-03-01 热交换器
EP17707879.7A EP3423759A1 (fr) 2016-03-03 2017-03-01 Échangeur de chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16158356.2 2016-03-03
EP16158356 2016-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017148974A1 true WO2017148974A1 (fr) 2017-09-08

Family

ID=55456651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2017/054694 WO2017148974A1 (fr) 2016-03-03 2017-03-01 Échangeur de chaleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3423759A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108700335A (fr)
CL (1) CL2018002481A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017148974A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111067138A (zh) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-28 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种加热非燃烧卷烟

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0981032A1 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2000-02-23 Zowel B.V. Echangeur de chaleur
WO2009053247A1 (fr) 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Bekaert Combust. Technol. B.V. Elément échangeur de chaleur avec chambre de combustion pour un dispositif de combustion à faible émission de co et de nox
CN204084820U (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-01-07 浙江音诺伟森热能科技有限公司 一种冷凝式燃气壁挂炉
EP2863160A1 (fr) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-22 Dejatech Holding B.V. Échangeur de chaleur, ensemble et procédé pour la formation de celui-ci

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0981032A1 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2000-02-23 Zowel B.V. Echangeur de chaleur
WO2009053247A1 (fr) 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Bekaert Combust. Technol. B.V. Elément échangeur de chaleur avec chambre de combustion pour un dispositif de combustion à faible émission de co et de nox
EP2863160A1 (fr) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-22 Dejatech Holding B.V. Échangeur de chaleur, ensemble et procédé pour la formation de celui-ci
CN204084820U (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-01-07 浙江音诺伟森热能科技有限公司 一种冷凝式燃气壁挂炉

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111067138A (zh) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-28 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种加热非燃烧卷烟

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3423759A1 (fr) 2019-01-09
CN108700335A (zh) 2018-10-23
CL2018002481A1 (es) 2019-02-01

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