WO2017148472A1

WO2017148472A1 - Forging press and method for forging a workpiece in a forging press

Info

Publication number: WO2017148472A1
Application number: PCT/DE2017/100149
Authority: WO
Inventors: Klaus Steingiesser
Original assignee: Sms Group Gmbh
Priority date: 2016-03-04
Filing date: 2017-02-24
Publication date: 2017-09-08
Also published as: CN108712937B; JP2019507018A; CN108712937A; EP3423210A1; DE102016103927A1; ES2921985T3; EP3423210B1; JP7107844B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a forging press with a forging press frame comprising an upper die, a lower die, a primary drive, which acts relative to the forging press frame, for applying primary shaping forces onto a workpiece between the upper die and the lower die, and a secondary drive for applying secondary shaping forces onto the workpiece. The invention also relates to a method for forging a workpiece in a forging press with an upper die, a lower die, and a primary drive by means of which a primary movement that has a shaping effect is driven between the upper die and the lower die. The workpiece is also shaped by a secondary movement of a secondary die in addition to the shaping process produced by the primary movement, said secondary movement having a shaping effect and being driven by a secondary drive. According to the invention, different types of forging processes, such as free-form forging, drop forging, and/or sizing, can be carried out in an energy-saving manner if the secondary drive is supported on assemblies which are loaded by the primary drive with primary shaping forces in the direction of the workpiece or if the secondary drive drives a secondary die and the secondary die is moved independently of the primary drive assemblies driving the primary movement for the secondary movement of the secondary die.

Description

Forging press and method for forging a workpiece in a forging press

The invention relates to a forging press with a forging press frame, with an upper saddle and a lower saddle and a primary drive effective against the forging press frame for applying primary forming forces on a workpiece between the upper saddle and the lower saddle and with a secondary drive for applying secondary forming forces to the workpiece , The invention also relates to a method for forging a workpiece in a forging press with an upper saddle and a lower saddle and a primary drive, via which a reshaping effective primary movement between the upper saddle and the lower saddle is driven, wherein the workpiece in addition to the deformation caused by the primary movement over a reshaping effective and driven by a secondary drive secondary movement of a secondary caliper is transformed.

[02] Especially in case of forging primary drives and secondary drives in generic forging presses, already known, for example, the primary drive is used to close a die and thus act reshaping on a workpiece, while secondary drives are then used for piercing operations or other forming operations in the die inside , In this case, however, the corresponding secondary drives drive bolt rods or slides, which are not to be regarded as forging saddles. Even with drawing presses, for example from DE 11 2014 001 453 T5, but in which, unlike forging presses, the workpieces are relatively thin and consequently lower pressing forces are necessary, it is known to realize different drawing depths with different drives.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a generic forging press and a generic forging method, with which different types of forging processes, such as open-die forging, drop forging and / or finishing, can be carried out energetically sparingly.

The object of the invention is by a forging press and a

Forge method solved with the features of the independent claims. Further, possibly also independent thereof, advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims and the following description. [05] For example, different types of forging processes can be used to save energy

Forging press with a forging press frame, with an upper saddle and a lower saddle and a relative to the forging press frame effective primary drive for applying primary forming forces on a workpiece between the upper saddle and the lower saddle and with a secondary drive for applying secondary forming forces are performed on the workpiece when the forging press characterized in that the secondary drive is supported on one of the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece loaded assemblies.

[06] With appropriate coordination between primary drive and secondary drive then the

Secondary drive designed to save energy, for example by cylinders that require less oil, are used. Also, the masses that need to be moved by the secondary drive, be readily formed smaller, which is accordingly energetically economical.

[07] In particular, the primary drive, for example, as a forging and the

Secondary drive be used as a finishing drive, so that the energy required for sizing turns out to be much lower, if this only necessary for a simple necessary oil volume moves or only the necessary for a sizing masses must be moved.

[08] In this respect, it is readily possible for a forging press, in which the secondary drive is supported in an assembly loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece, to adapt the secondary drive to the conditions necessary for applying the secondary forming forces to optimally adapt.

[09] For sizing operations, smaller volumes and smaller volumes can be used

Masses for forging saddles and the like may be provided, since sizing operations usually take place with higher stroke rate and lower forces.

[10] The same is possible, for example, in die-forging, when the

Secondary drive for open-die forging and the primary drive are used for drop forging, wherein the workpiece is forged via the secondary drive, for example, for the purpose of distribution of the mass, which is only possible under certain circumstances in the necessary or advantageous measure during drop forging. In this case, however, it will often be the case that the movements required for the mass distribution require lower strokes and lower forces than this is usually the case for the drop forging process, which involves significantly more complex material movements in the workpiece.

[11] In particular, the secondary drive can be driven on one of the primary drive

Be supported spar. This arrangement ultimately allows a drain guide, which corresponds to a conventional forging press. Thus, a conventional forging press can readily be used for forging and finishing, wherein for sizing usually undesirable high volume flows for freely revolving cylinder and possibly also unnecessarily high strokes occur. If the secondary drive is supported on a running beam driven by the primary drive, the motion sequences during forging and finishing remain the same, which also applies to a transition between open-die forging and drop-forging, except that the secondary drive is additionally used for fast and / or weaker forging process types can be.

Also, the secondary drive on a tie rod with the primary drive in

Interaction be supported by standing transverse spar. Then, the secondary drive usually acts from the side opposite to the primary drive to the respective workpiece, which should, however, be uncritical in view of the force balances occurring in forging presses, as long as the mass of the workpieces does not fall significantly or the workpieces, for example external holding devices anyway be positioned in a certain way. However, this configuration causes a certain deviation of the movements of the forging press itself, which then has to be considered accordingly. However, after concrete implementation, supporting the secondary drive at a cross member interacting with the primary drive via the tie rod leaves more space for the secondary drive, since more installation space is available in the direction away from the primary drive and savings are made on aggregates on the primary drive side ,

In this respect come as an assembly, primary of the primary drives

Forming forces are loaded in the direction of the workpiece, in particular a cross member or a cross member, which is about tie rods with the primary drive in interaction, in question.

From the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the

Workpiece loaded assembly may optionally be formed fixable about fixing means, so that when the secondary drive acts on the workpiece, these forces must be applied at least not entirely from the primary drive. Accordingly, the Forging press preferably have fixing means for selectively setting the assemblies with respect to the forging press frame.

[15] Such fixing means may be, for example, clamping bushes or clamping wedges, with which a corresponding assembly is designed to be fixed. In particular, such fixing means are suitable for selectively fixing a cross member to the forging press frame, for example to tie rods or columns, in order to relieve the primary drive in this way.

It is understood that, if appropriate, a corresponding discharge of the

Secondary drive can be performed when a secondary saddle, which is driven by the secondary drive, optionally with respect to the forging press frame is fixed to relieve the secondary drive when the primary drive is working. On the other hand, the secondary saddle can certainly be fixed to the assembly on which the secondary drive is supported, in particular if then this assembly is loaded by the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece. Particularly preferably, however, an appropriate setting takes place in a different manner depending on the direction. Thus, the secondary saddle in the direction of action of the forces acting on the secondary saddle during the primary movement can be determined via a system, so that the secondary drive no longer has to apply corresponding forces. Such a system can be done for example on a cross member or a cross member or on the loaded from the primary drive with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece assembly, which leads very effectively and structurally simple way to a corresponding discharge. In the opposite direction, it may be sufficient if the secondary drive applies corresponding locking forces, since these are substantially smaller than the forming forces applied by the primary drive.

Preferably, the forging press has one driven by the primary drive

Secondary saddle and an additional saddle, the secondary saddle and the additional saddle together form the lower saddle and the upper saddle of the forging press. This embodiment requires directly that the mass of the secondary saddle is smaller than the mass of the formed of secondary saddle and additional saddle lower saddle or upper saddle, which accordingly brings energetic benefits. In addition, then for primary movements, the combination of secondary saddle and additional saddle are available, which is accordingly because of the larger mass and also - possibly - because of the larger area of advantage. [18] Also, different types of forging process can be used, such as open-die forging,

Drop forging and / or finishing, with a method for forging a workpiece in a forging press with a top caliper and a bottom saddle and a primary drive, via which a reshaping effective primary movement between the upper caliper and the lower caliper is driven, the workpiece next to caused by the primary movement Forming is also converted via a reshaping effective and driven by a secondary drive secondary movement, perform energetically sparingly, if the forging process is characterized in that the secondary drive drives a secondary saddle and moves for the secondary movement of the secondary saddle of the secondary saddle regardless of the primary movement driving assemblies of the primary drive becomes.

[19] By contrast with closed-die forging presses, where a secondary drive,

Drill hole rods or other slides, allows the driven secondary saddle that direct forging movements for a Freiformschmiede, especially in interaction with a drop forging or sizing movements, especially in conjunction with a Smith forging can be performed energetically as secondary energy when the secondary drive accordingly on the is tuned for the secondary movement movements.

[20] In particular, the secondary drive can be supported on an assembly loaded by the primary drive by primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece, this assembly being fixed prior to forming via the secondary saddle or before the secondary movement and released before the primary movement. This makes it possible, in particular, for the primary drive to be relieved of forces which occur during secondary movement or deformation via the secondary saddle.

Preferably, the setting is carried out on a forging press frame, which in this respect allows a particularly effective relief of the primary drive.

[22] Depending on the concrete implementation, it may be conceivable that the fixing means or the

Setting is not entirely sufficient to absorb all the forces that occur during forming on the secondary saddle or in the secondary movement, or should - so that if necessary, a part of these forces must be applied by the primary drive. Nevertheless, then determine the setting or the fixing a correspondingly proportionate relief of the primary drive with the corresponding advantages. In particular, the upper saddle or the lower saddle may be divided into a secondary saddle and an additional saddle. Then, in the secondary movement of the secondary caliper, only the secondary caliper and in the primary movement of the secondary caliper and the auxiliary caliper are preferably moved together, so that a larger mass and a larger area are available for the primary movement, which is particularly the case with open-die forging operations, which are optionally combined with a sizing should be beneficial.

[24] Preferably, the mass moved by the secondary drive is smaller than the mass moved by the primary drive, so that correspondingly energetic advantages can be achieved in a structurally simple manner. Cumulatively or alternatively, it is advantageous if the forming forces which can be applied via the secondary drive are smaller than the forming forces which can be applied via the primary drive. This requires that the secondary drive can be made correspondingly smaller and correspondingly more favorable in terms of energy. In particular, so-called volumes of fluids that are used for cylinder-piston assemblies and must be moved, reduce in this way at the secondary drive to a minimum, although otherwise no measures are provided that oppose this in this regard.

[25] The primary drive can, as already explained above, be used as a forging operation, in particular for open-die forging, and the secondary drive as a finishing drive. It is understood that, as also carried out in conventional forging presses, that sizing preferably takes place after forging or open-die forging.

Also, the secondary drive for open-die forging and the primary drive for

Drop forging used, as already indicated above. In this case, the workpiece is preferably first forged via the secondary drive for the purpose of distributing the mass of the workpiece and then subsequently forged ready over the primary drive by means of the die or by means of the die function. It is understood that - optionally - after drop forging nor a Smith forging or a sizing utilizing the secondary drive is conceivable.

[27] In order to achieve sufficiently high pressing forces, it is advantageous if at least the primary drive is designed hydraulically, so that the pressing forces required for forging can be applied. Although it is conceivable to design the secondary drive mechanically or electromechanically, for example, if lower forces are to be applied, since this appears less expensive. Particularly preferred, however, is also the Secondary drive hydraulically formed so as to apply correspondingly high forces on this drive and thus also working forged reliably to workpieces can.

[28] It is understood that the features of the solutions described above or in the claims can optionally also be combined in order to be able to implement the advantages in a cumulative manner.

[29] Further advantages, objects and characteristics of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are also illustrated in particular in the appended drawing. In the drawing show:

Figure 1 shows a first forging press in schematic side view partially broken;

Figure 2 shows a second forging press in a schematic side view, partially broken away; and

3 shows a third forging press in a schematic side view; partially broken.

[30] The forging presses 10 shown in the figures each have one

Forging press frame 11, which in a conventional manner comprises an upper cross member 12 and a lower cross member or foundation member 14, which are each operatively connected to each other via columns 16 and tie rods 18. Depending on the specific embodiment, these columns 16 and tie rods 18 may be formed integrally or also in several pieces. It is also understood that ultimately different numbers and symmetries can be provided on columns 16 and tie rods 18, as known from the prior art. In particular, however, two or four columns 16 or tie rods 18 are common. It is also understood that - depending on the specific embodiment - the columns 16 and tie rods 18 need not necessarily be provided coaxially with each other.

[31] Also, the forging presses 10 in a conventional manner one

Running beam 20 which is driven by a primary drive 30 and carries a top caliper 22.

The upper saddle 22 opposite a lower saddle 24 is provided, which is supported on the lower cross member or foundation rail 14.

The primary drive 30, in contrast, is supported on the upper transverse bar 12, whereby forging force and forging movements can be applied in a manner known per se between the upper caliper 22 and the lower caliper 24. In the variant shown in Figure 2, a die 26 is provided in addition, which can be mounted either with its upper die half to the upper caliper 22 and with its lower die half to the lower saddle 24. It is understood that in different embodiments, the die 26 or parts thereof may be permanently attached to or integrally formed with the upper caliper 22 or lower caliper 24.

It is understood that other forging presses can be reversed in their effect, so that, for example, the foundation spar is an upper cross member, or even the primary drive is supported on the lower cross member. This ultimately only or at most a reversal of the directions of movement, since ultimately on the forge press frame 11, a balance of power is established, the directions of which regardless of the direction in which the primary drive 30 acts form.

[36] The primary drive 30 has in the present embodiment a

Primary cylinder 32, which is provided in each case on the upper cross member 12 and in which a primary piston 34 runs, which can exert force on the upper saddle 22. It is understood that, in different embodiments, a plurality of primary cylinders 32 and primary pistons 34 may be readily provided without departing from the basic functionality of the present embodiments.

[37] In all embodiments, the upper caliper 22 and the lower caliper act

24 forging on a workpiece 50.

[38] The forging presses 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a secondary drive

40 provided, the secondary cylinder 42 is disposed within the rolling beam 23 and also within the primary piston 34. This embodiment leaves relatively much space for the secondary drive 40, it being possible, of course, for a smaller secondary cylinder 42 to be provided as well, so that here in the concrete a somewhat different configuration is conceivable for different embodiments. In particular, a smaller secondary cylinder 42 makes it possible for primary cylinders 32 and primary pistons 34 in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 to be reversed by supporting primary piston 34 on upper cross member 12 and supporting primary cylinder 32 on uprights 20 and upwards opens.

[39] In the embodiment of Figure 1, the barrel spar 20 by means

Clamping bushes 62 guided on the columns 16 and tie rods 18, which fixing means 60 represent, by means of which the cross member 20 may optionally be fixed to the forging frame 11 and to the columns 16 or tie rods 18. These clamping bushes 62 serve in this embodiment, a guide of the rotor spar 20, if it is not set on the fixing means 60.

By means of the fixing means 60, secondary forces which the secondary drive 40 applies can be compensated directly via the pillars 16 or tie rods 18 and the lower transverse member 14, so that the primary drive 30 is relieved of these forces, which is accordingly also advantageous if this relief is only partial.

[41] It is understood that in the embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3, if appropriate, appropriate fixing means or clamping bushes can be provided.

[42] It is also understood that, in different embodiments, if necessary, a part of the pillars 16 or tie rods 18 can serve only one guide of the running beam 20, while another part can carry fixing means 60. It is also understood that instead of the clamping bushes 62, other devices can be used by means of which a running spar 20 can be fixed with respect to the forging press frame 11.

[43] It is also conceivable that in the embodiment of Figure 3, the barrel spar

20 out on the columns 16 and tie rods 18 and optionally also determined. Likewise, if this is necessary, guiding or clamping of the lower saddle 24 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 can take place on the columns 16 or tie rods 18.

The secondary drive 40 drives in each case a secondary piston 44, which with a

Secondary saddle 46 is connected and can apply forces of the secondary drive 40 to the respective workpieces 50. In this case, in deviation from the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the secondary drive 40 with its secondary cylinder 42 is provided in the lower cross member or foundation member 14.

The secondary drives 40 are designed with respect to the primary drives 30 in such a way that correspondingly smaller or lower-force movements, such as occur in the case of finishing in a forged-forging press or in a complementary forging forging in a drop-forging press (see FIG , According to their smaller design, the secondary drives 40 can then be operated with less energy. As shown by way of example in the embodiment of Figure 2, the

Upper saddle 22 may also be shown divided from the secondary saddle 46 and an additional saddle 36. This requires that only a smaller area is available for the secondary movement of the secondary drive 40. However, this also requires a corresponding low mass, which is accordingly energetically cheaper. It is understood that such a division of the upper saddle 22 is also possible in the embodiment of Figure 1. Likewise, the lower saddle 24 of the embodiment of Figure 3 may be formed divided accordingly.

[47] The reduction of the moving mass results in particular at suitable

Process leadership as an embodiment of the forging presses 10 also in that the cross member 20 is not moved during the secondary movement or needs to be moved.

It is understood that a correspondingly energetic reduction is also present when faster and shorter strokes are used in the secondary movement than in the primary movement, since the energy gain ultimately compared to conventional forging presses, in which also smaller or faster or lower power Movements should be applied by the primary drive, has to be done.

[49] In the present embodiments, fixing the secondary saddle is

46 during the primary movement in particular to relieve the secondary drive 40 is not necessary per se, since the secondary saddle can be supported in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 on the strut 20 and in the embodiment of Figure 3 to the lower cross member or foundation member 14, the can serve as an investment when the primary forces are applied. As a result, the secondary drive 40 is relieved in a simple manner. In the return movements, the forces are much lower, so that relief, for example, by fixing devices, such as clamping elements or the like, usually will not be necessary. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Forging press 15 32 primary cylinder forging press frame 34 primary piston upper cross member 36 additional saddle lower cross member / foundation spar

Column 40 Secondary drive Tie rod 20 42 Secondary cylinder

44 Secondary piston Spider 46 Secondary saddle Upper saddle

Lower saddle 50 Workpiece die 25

60 Specification Primary drive 62 Clamping bush

Claims

Claims:

A forging press (10) comprising a forging press frame (11), an upper saddle (22) and a lower saddle (24) and a primary drive (30) operative to apply primary forming forces to a workpiece (50) between the primary presser (11) and the forge press frame (11) Upper caliper (22) and the lower saddle (24) and with a secondary drive (40) for applying secondary forming forces on the workpiece (50), characterized in that the secondary drive (40) on one of the primary drive (30) with primary forming forces in Direction of the workpiece (50) loaded assembly is supported.

2. forging press (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary drive (40) on one of the primary drive (30) driven strut (20) or on a tie rod (18) with the primary drive (30) interacting cross member (14) is supported.

3. forging press (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by fixing means (60) for selectively fixing the assembly with respect to the forging press frame (11).

4. forging press (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by one of the secondary drive (40) driven secondary saddle (46) and by an additional saddle (36), wherein the secondary saddle (46) and the additional saddle (36) together the Lower saddle (24) or the upper saddle (22) form.

5. A method for forging a workpiece (50) in a forging press (10) with a top caliper (22) and a lower saddle (24) and a primary drive (30), via which a reworking effective primary movement between the upper caliper (22) and the lower saddle (24) is driven, wherein the workpiece (50) in addition to the deformation caused by the primary movement is also transformed by a reshaping effective and by a secondary drive (40) driven secondary movement, characterized in that the secondary drive (40) has a secondary saddle (46) drives and for the secondary movement of the secondary caliper (46) of the secondary caliper (46) independently is moved by the primary movement driving assemblies of the primary drive (30).

6. Forging method according to claim 5, characterized in that the secondary drive (40) is supported on one of the primary drive (30) with primary forming forces in the direction of the workpiece (50) loaded assembly and this assembly before forming on the secondary saddle ( 46), preferably on a forging press frame (11), fixed and released before the primary movement.

7. forging method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the upper caliper (22) or the lower saddle (24) in a secondary saddle (46) and an additional saddle (36) are divided and in the secondary movement of the secondary saddle (46) only the secondary saddle (46) and in the primary movement of the secondary saddle (46) and the auxiliary saddle (36) are moved together.

8. forging press (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4 or forging method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the by the secondary drive (40) moving mass smaller than the by the primary drive (30) moving mass and / or that the forming forces which can be applied via the secondary drive (40) are smaller than the forming forces which can be applied via the primary drive (30).

9. forging press (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4 and 8 or forging method according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the primary drive (30) as forging and the secondary drive (40) are used as finishing drive, wherein preferably the finishing is done after forging.

10. forging press (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, 8 and 9 or

Forging method according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the secondary drive (40) for open-die forging and the primary drive (30) are used for drop forging, preferably first the workpiece (50) via the secondary drive (40) for the purpose of distribution of the mass of Workpiece (50) is forged and then forged completely over the primary drive (30).