WO2017140583A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines porösen funktionskörpers - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines porösen funktionskörpers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017140583A1 WO2017140583A1 PCT/EP2017/052963 EP2017052963W WO2017140583A1 WO 2017140583 A1 WO2017140583 A1 WO 2017140583A1 EP 2017052963 W EP2017052963 W EP 2017052963W WO 2017140583 A1 WO2017140583 A1 WO 2017140583A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carrier substrate
- catalytically active
- hydrophobic liquid
- functional
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2068—Other inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing a porous
- Functional body in particular a catalytically active particulate filter.
- porous functional bodies are known which are provided and configured to interact with liquid and / or gaseous fluids, the fluid or at least parts of the fluid penetrating into a porous structure of the functional body and having a functional material arranged or provided in the functional body interact so that the fluid undergoes a change in one of its state variables, its chemical properties and / or its composition.
- particulate filters such as, for example, diesel particulate filters, form examples of porous functional bodies.
- Diesel particle filters are usually coated with catalytically active material as functional material by precipitation in aqueous solution of dissolved salts or by direct crystallization in aqueous liquids contained gels.
- the liquid of the solution or gel substantially wets the entire body of the carrier substrate during the precipitation or crystallization process substantially homogeneously.
- the catalytically active material is also distributed homogeneously over the entire body of the carrier substrate.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, an improved method for producing a porous functional body, in particular a catalytically active particle to provide filters with which a local concentration gradient of the functional material, in particular of the catalytically active material can be achieved.
- the inventive method for producing a porous functional body, in particular a catalytically active particulate filter comprises the following steps:
- a carrier substrate which is at least partially formed of a porous and / or fibrous filter material
- Precursor material of a functional material in particular a catalytically active material or a precursor of a catalytically active material, in the carrier substrate;
- Porous functional bodies, in particular catalytically active particle filters, which have a local concentration gradient of the functional material, in particular of the catalytically active material, can be produced with the method according to the invention in a relatively simple and cost-effective manner.
- the local concentration gradient can be specifically influenced and is not necessarily limited to one spatial direction.
- the invention utilizes the physical phenomenon of surface tension at the interface between hydrophilic and hydrophobic liquids.
- the process according to the invention can replace conventional processes and can be used in particular in the preparation of customized, multifunctional catalysts be beneficial. It is well known that noble metals can be very active and selective compared to other catalytically active materials. For economic reasons, the amount of precious metals used should be limited as much as possible.
- the production method of the invention offers the possibility of reducing or even minimizing the amount of expensive raw materials by limiting the volume of catalyst activated with catalytically active material.
- a material which optionally brings about an interaction with the fluid or a part of the fluid under a functional material is allowed to be favored (for example catalysts, reactants,
- Sorbents Among other things, Sorbents, (7) or inhibited or suppressed (e.g., inhibitors, %), as well as a precursor material for an aforementioned functional material.
- a “catalytically active material” preferably comprises both a material which as such can unfold or develop a catalytic effect on at least one chemical reaction, or at least one
- Component which comprises or which as such or which can unfold a catalytic effect on at least one chemical reaction reaction, as well as a material which is a catalytically activatable material or a precursor material for providing a catalytic effect on at least one understood chemical reaction reaction in the context of an activation process.
- the process steps a) to e) of the process according to the invention are preferably carried out in succession as separate steps.
- the method steps b), c) and d) are preferably carried out in succession as separate steps.
- step b) comprises a step of degassing the carrier substrate.
- energy is supplied to the carrier substrate and / or the hydrophobic liquid in step b), for example in the form of
- the hydrophobic liquid is selected from n-paraffins, iso-paraffins or a mixture / a mixture thereof.
- n-paraffin C10-C13, Isopar C, Isopar E, Isopar L and Isopar V can be used for the hydrophobic liquid.
- a solvent for the hydrophobic liquid is used to carry out step c).
- a solvent is understood to mean, in particular, a liquid which is suitable for dissolving out, washing out or removing the hydrophobic liquid from the carrier substrate.
- the hydrophobic liquid preferably remains chemically unchanged.
- the solvent for the hydrophobic liquid is preferably selected from ketones, alcohols or paraffins having a lower boiling point than the hydrophobic liquid, preferably acetone, ethanol or n-hexane.
- the boiling point of the solvent is at least 25K, preferably at least 50K lower than the boiling point of the hydrophobic liquid.
- the solvent may also be provided or designed to change the physical and / or chemical properties of the hydrophobic liquid in such a way that the hydrophobic liquid can escape locally from the carrier substrate or be expelled.
- the residual solvent is preferably expelled.
- Stripping can be carried out, for example, by rinsing with an aqueous solution or a gas stream (for example, air, nitrogen, inert gas) as a rinsing agent.
- the flushing agent preferably has a controlled temperature for this purpose. For example, acetone and ethanol are good
- the hydrophilic liquid is water.
- the filter material of the carrier substrate is selected from aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and mixtures thereof.
- the degree of removal of the hydrophobic liquid from the carrier substrate in step c) is variably adjustable. This can preferably be done by variably setting a contact time of the solvent. For example, the exposure time of the solvent may affect a depth of the catalytically active layer formed during subsequent steps d) and e).
- the coating in step e) is carried out by a precipitation process, a crystallization process or a washcoat process.
- steps b) to e) can be carried out repeatedly.
- steps b) to e) are repeated with different predetermined sections of the internal volume of the carrier substrate in step b) and / or with different functional materials or precursor materials of functional materials, in particular catalytically active materials or different precursors of a catalytically active material in step d).
- Functional materials in particular a plurality of catalytically active materials and / or with different local concentration gradients of functional materials, in particular catalytically active materials are produced. Furthermore, it may be advantageous if a functional body is provided or coated with at least one functional material and with at least one catalytically active material according to the iterative process for producing a functional body set out above.
- a step of drying and / or a step of fixing may be performed.
- the process of the invention described above can preferably be used for the preparation of catalytically active particulate filters and multifunctional catalysts.
- Typical applications of such multifunctional catalysts are, for example, slip applications for limiting the emission of, for example, ammonia in the SCR-DeNOx reaction or CO in the oxidation reaction.
- slip applications for limiting the emission of, for example, ammonia in the SCR-DeNOx reaction or CO in the oxidation reaction.
- the slip function is performed in a small volume activated with a noble metal such as Pd, Rh or Pt at the exit of the catalyst support.
- multifunctional catalysts in ignition applications which utilize the relatively low ignition temperature of noble metal to selectively react chemical compounds in an exothermic reaction, thereby increasing the energy to ignite for more selective reactions on a cheaper base metal catalyst or catalyst for a different reaction is supplied.
- This can be successfully carried out for the oxidation of CO and VOC-containing gas by igniting the CO at low temperature in a small volume of the catalyst activated in the inlet of the catalyst support with Pd, the energy for igniting the remaining VOCs on one cheaper base metal catalyst, which is used for the remaining volume of the catalyst support is supplied.
- Selective applications are also known in which specific reactions are separated in defined zones of the catalyst, such as the combination of selective catalytic ammonia oxidation in a small volume at the inlet of the noble metal activated catalyst support, followed by an SCR reaction on one Metal oxide catalyst in the medium volume of the catalyst support, the temperature for a selective N 2 0 reduction in one increased small volume at the exit of zeolite-activated catalyst support, for example.
- Such applications can also be combined, such as ignition applications with slip applications in oxidation reactions, where small volumes of a noble metal activated catalyst are placed at the inlet and outlet of the catalyst support. They may also be combined with selective applications, such as placing a small volume of a noble metal activated catalyst downstream of the zeolite at the exit of the zeolite
- Catalyst carrier for ammonia slip control for ammonia slip control.
- the production process according to the invention can also be used for the production of multifunctional exhaust gas catalysts, as described in EP 2 590 730 B1.
- the invention also relates to a porous functional body which has been produced according to the method of the invention described above. At the porous
- Functional body is preferably a catalytically active particle filter.
- a first embodiment describes a method for producing a simple, catalytically active particulate filter.
- the surface deposition of the catalytically active material or a precursor of the catalytically active material is intended, for example, by precipitation of salts and / or crystallization of gels to form zeolite structures.
- a carrier substrate which is formed at least partially from a porous or fibrous filter material.
- the filter material is for
- Example alumina Al 2 O 3
- titanium dioxide TiO 2
- silicon dioxide SiO 2
- zirconium oxide ZrO 2
- cerium oxide CeO 2 or a mixture of these compounds.
- the carrier substrate has for example, in the form of a monolith having numerous longitudinal channels separated longitudinally by porous walls, the dispersion side of the channels having an open inlet end and a closed outlet end and the permeation side of the channels having a closed inlet end and an open outlet end.
- This carrier substrate is immersed in a hydrophobic liquid such as n-paraffin C10-C13 or Isopar C to Isopar V until its internal volume is filled with the hydrophobic liquid.
- a hydrophobic liquid such as n-paraffin C10-C13 or Isopar C to Isopar V until its internal volume is filled with the hydrophobic liquid.
- Energy is, for example, fed into the hydrophobic liquid by means of sound waves, preferably ultrasonic waves, or similar contactless energy transmission systems.
- the surface deposition of the catalytically active material or its precursor is to be restricted to a part of the physical extent of the carrier substrate or a part of the inner surface, this may be achieved by a corresponding limitation of the wetting with the hydrophobic liquid on only this preferred part of the carrier substrate be achieved.
- This method is preferred, for example, for monolithic, catalytically active support substrates, for example of the honeycomb or plate type, which are to receive a specific functionality at the inlet or outlet of the flow channel.
- the carrier substrate filled or impregnated with the hydrophobic liquid is then rinsed or washed with a solvent for the hydrophobic liquid or immersed in a bath containing such a solvent.
- the solvent is, for example, acetone, n-decane or ethanol.
- the exposure time of the solvent can determine the depth of the surface layer in which the catalytically active material or its precursor is to be deposited.
- the filling level with the hydrophobic liquid in the carrier substrate remaining after the use of the solvent determines the depth of the catalytically active layer which is formed during the subsequent steps.
- This catalytically active layer depth then determines the residence time in the particulate filter produced cleaning fluid in the special, catalytically active layer with a specific functionality, which is tailored to the particular application of the particulate filter.
- the (residual) hydrophobic solvent is expelled, preferably with a hydrophilic liquid at a controlled temperature.
- the carrier substrate with its prepared surface is brought into contact with a hydrophilic liquid containing the catalytically active material, its salts, gels or other precursors or mixtures thereof.
- the hydrophilic liquid is preferably water. Due to the physical phenomenon of the surface tension at the interface between the hydrophobic liquid and the hydrophilic liquid, the hydrophilic liquid wets only those portions of the support substrate on which the hydrophobic liquid has been previously removed by means of the solvent.
- the feed of the carrier substrate with the catalytically active material then takes place by precipitation, crystallization or washcoat processes with known process conditions which are generally known to the person skilled in the art.
- this drying process is followed by a drying process and / or a fixing or calcination process (heat treatment).
- a second exemplary embodiment describes a method for producing a catalytically active particle filter having a plurality of different, catalytically active materials with different local concentration gradients.
- the carrier substrate is coated with a catalytically active material, wherein the catalytically active material or its precursor may be distributed homogeneously over the entire body of the carrier substrate without appreciable concentration gradients. Subsequently, the carrier substrate is dried.
- the carrier substrate prepared in this way or a predetermined section thereof is wetted with a hydrophobic liquid with the aid of a degassing operation, as described above in connection with the first exemplary embodiment.
- the carrier substrate wetted with the hydrophobic liquid is brought into contact with a solvent for hydrophobic liquids, as described above in connection with the first exemplary embodiment.
- a hydrophilic liquid containing the catalytically active material, its salts, gels or other precursors is contacted with the support substrate or at least parts thereof. It also follows in this case a precipitation, crystallization or washcoat process with known process conditions, followed by a drying process and / or a fixation or calcination process.
- Activation potentials or other properties affecting the local activity of the catalytically active material can be varied in the same way.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112017000880.8T DE112017000880A5 (de) | 2016-02-19 | 2017-02-10 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines porösen Funktionskörpers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016202610.0 | 2016-02-19 | ||
| DE102016202610.0A DE102016202610A1 (de) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-02-19 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines porösen Funktionskörpers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017140583A1 true WO2017140583A1 (de) | 2017-08-24 |
Family
ID=58213050
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/052963 Ceased WO2017140583A1 (de) | 2016-02-19 | 2017-02-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines porösen funktionskörpers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE102016202610A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017140583A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070149399A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Ku Anthony Y | Multifunctional catalyst and methods of manufacture thereof |
| WO2009000667A2 (de) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Herstellungsverfahren und katalysatorelement mit axial veränderlicher katalytischer beschichtung |
| WO2009065719A1 (de) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-05-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines von abgas durchströmbaren formkörpers sowie abgasanlage einer brennkraftmaschine |
| WO2011122603A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 表面担持触媒の製造方法 |
| EP2590730B1 (de) | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-25 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Katalytischer filter mit doppelfunktion |
| US20150099622A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-09 | Industry Foundation Of Chonnam National University | Selective surface impregnation method for catalytically active materials on particulate catalyst support using mutual repulsive force and soblubility difference between hydrophilic solvent and hydrophobic solvent |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948213A (en) * | 1974-10-21 | 1976-04-06 | Universal Oil Products Company | Coating-impregnating chamber for catalyst support members |
| US4532228A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1985-07-30 | Corning Glass Works | Treatment of monolithic catalyst supports |
| BR9909986A (pt) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-12-26 | Engelhard Corp | Catalisadores monolìticos e processo afim para a fabricação |
| US20040001781A1 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-01 | Engelhard Corporation | Multi-zone catalytic converter |
| DE10254661A1 (de) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-09 | Umicore Ag & Co.Kg | Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines Katalysatorträgers enthaltend zwei unterschiedliche Teilstrukturen mit einer katalytisch aktiven Beschichtung und dadurch erhaltener Katalysator |
| US20040211172A1 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-10-28 | Chuanfu Wang | Muffler and catalytic converter devices |
| US7097880B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2006-08-29 | Corning Incorporated | Method for preparing catalysts |
| WO2005121025A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-12-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | 金属酸化物ナノ多孔体、それを得るための被覆組成物、及びそれらの製造方法 |
| DE102007044585A1 (de) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-02 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verfahren zur partiellen Beschichtung von katalytisch aktiven Komponenten auf komplexen Bauteilen |
-
2016
- 2016-02-19 DE DE102016202610.0A patent/DE102016202610A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-02-10 WO PCT/EP2017/052963 patent/WO2017140583A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-02-10 DE DE112017000880.8T patent/DE112017000880A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070149399A1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Ku Anthony Y | Multifunctional catalyst and methods of manufacture thereof |
| WO2009000667A2 (de) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Herstellungsverfahren und katalysatorelement mit axial veränderlicher katalytischer beschichtung |
| WO2009065719A1 (de) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-05-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines von abgas durchströmbaren formkörpers sowie abgasanlage einer brennkraftmaschine |
| WO2011122603A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 表面担持触媒の製造方法 |
| EP2590730B1 (de) | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-25 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Katalytischer filter mit doppelfunktion |
| US20150099622A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-09 | Industry Foundation Of Chonnam National University | Selective surface impregnation method for catalytically active materials on particulate catalyst support using mutual repulsive force and soblubility difference between hydrophilic solvent and hydrophobic solvent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112017000880A5 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
| DE102016202610A1 (de) | 2017-08-24 |
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