WO2017137378A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen gehärteter stahlbauteile - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen gehärteter stahlbauteile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017137378A1 WO2017137378A1 PCT/EP2017/052604 EP2017052604W WO2017137378A1 WO 2017137378 A1 WO2017137378 A1 WO 2017137378A1 EP 2017052604 W EP2017052604 W EP 2017052604W WO 2017137378 A1 WO2017137378 A1 WO 2017137378A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- edge
- forming
- hardening
- inserts
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
- B21D28/26—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in sheets or flat parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hardened steel components.
- Hardened steel components have the advantage in particular in car body of motor vehicles that, by their outstanding mechanical properties is a possibility to create a particularly stable passenger cell, without construction ⁇ parts must be used, which are formed in normal strength much more massive and thus heavy become.
- steel grades which are curable by quench hardening are used.
- Such steels are, for example, boron-alloyed manganese carbon steels, with the most widely used steel being 22MnB5. But other boron-alloyed manganese carbon steels are also used for this purpose.
- the steel material In order to produce hardened components from these grades of steel, the steel material must be heated to the austenitizing temperature (> AC 3 ) and waited until the steel material is austenitized. Depending on the desired degree of hardness partial or full austenitisings can be achieved here.
- a sheet steel plate is cut from a steel strip and then deep-drawn in a übli ⁇ chen, for example, five-stage deep drawing process to the finished component.
- This finished component is hereby dimensioned slightly smaller in order to compensate for a subsequent thermal expansion during austenitizing.
- the device thus produced is then austenitized and then inserted into a shape hardening tool, in the pressed it, but is converted into very low and the heat from the component flowing through the pressure in the pressing tool, with the above the critical Härtegeschwindig ⁇ not or speed.
- the other process route is the so called press hardening, in which a blank is cut from a sheet steel strip, and then the board is austenitized and formed the hot plate in a single step and at the same ⁇ tig with a higher than the critical hardening speed ⁇ speed is cooled.
- press hardening in which a blank is cut from a sheet steel strip, and then the board is austenitized and formed the hot plate in a single step and at the same ⁇ tig with a higher than the critical hardening speed ⁇ speed is cooled.
- circuit boards provided with metallic anti-corrosive coatings eg zinc.
- Form hardening is also referred to as an indirect process and press hardening as a direct process.
- the advantage of the indirect process is that more complex workpiece geometries can be realized.
- first-order microcracks and second-order microcracks.
- Microcracks of the first order are attributed to the so-called liquid metal embrittlement. It is believed that liquid zinc phases are formed during forming, i. while tensile stresses are applied to the material, they interact with remaining austenite phases, producing microcracks with depths of up to a few 100 ⁇ m in the material.
- the Applicant has succeeded, by cooling the material between the removal from the heating furnace and before a ⁇ place in the forming tool to temperatures at which no liquid zinc phases are no longer present to prevent this. This means that hot working takes place at temperatures below about 750 ° C.
- the second order microcracks to date in the Warmumfor ⁇ tion despite pre-cooling can not be controlled and are also formed in Warmumformtemperaturen below 600 ° C.
- the crack depths here are a few 10 pm.
- microcracks first order still microcracks second Ord ⁇ voltage be accepted by the users, as this is one possible source of damage.
- the workpiece-facing surface of the material applied in the draw ⁇ edge region or the arranged Einsat zers should have a extending over the drawing edge transverse dimension, which is in the range of 1.6 times to 10 times the positive drawing radius of the die. This makes the flow characteristics of workpieces made of sheet steel is to be improved during the hot forming and thus the risk of occurrence of cracks during hot forming of work pieces made of sheet steel, preferably galvanized steel plates, are fixed ⁇ Lich reduced. With such a tool microcracks second kind can not be avoided depending ⁇ yet.
- the object of the invention is to avoid microcracks of the second kind in directly hot-formed, ie press-hardened components.
- micro-cracks of the second type are ent ⁇ when entering tensile-strained areas occurring zinc vapor in sufficient concentration to the steel, so- ⁇ -called Vapor metal embrittlement (VME).
- VME Vapor metal embrittlement
- Zinc vapor is formed by tearing the zinc iron layer during stretching during the forming process.
- Sufficient concentration occurs insbeson ⁇ particular in those areas in which to direct contact of the sheet with the tool predominates or a very low Ab ⁇ stand of the sheet to the tool exists.
- a very small distance in the sense of the invention is less than 0.5 mm.
- micro-cracks are to be avoided, with the largest possible working window in material and temperature is maintained and the reaction is kos ⁇ -effectively. At least the same cycle time should not result in a cycle time increase or throughput reduction in the ⁇ construction part.
- the zinc vapor occurring or free zinc rapidly converted in the tensile-strained regions (Deh ⁇ voltage outer fiber) by contact with oxygen-containing fluids in a stable compound such as zinc oxide or ZnJ2.
- the protection of the steel against microcracks second order also by forming a protective layer such as oxide may ⁇ layer, be achieved by supplying a fluid. The measures described have shown that microcracks are interpreting ⁇ Lich reduced.
- inserts can also be provided at bottlenecks or contact areas of the sheet metal blank with the tool, these contact areas being defined as those areas in which the metal sheet has a maximum distance of 0.5 mm from the tool.
- the corresponding material must be supported in the area of the positive radii, because these are the edges that cause the deformation and initiate the flow of material.
- These means can be for example sintered metal inserts or porous ceramic inserts in which so much oxygen is stored after the moving apart and curing of the workpiece and before inserting a new Pla ⁇ tine that this zinc nascent of released ⁇ or liberated zinc phases can be dispensed.
- the inserts may have cropped surfaces so that the material, after it has flowed to the edge in front of beige ⁇ is spaced used.
- this Freistel ⁇ area is formed slotted, so that a minimum support ⁇ tion of the material is possible, however, the oxygen access is ensured.
- fluid connection cables before ⁇ handen may be that flow into the crop or in the areas that are filled with sintered metal or porous ceramic so that oxygen is supplied sufficiently. In the simplest case, this can be air or, for example, steam.
- Materials which by themselves have a high oxygen diffusion capacity for example certain ceramics, can also be of solid construction and are either applied while the press is open or acted upon from the back with fluids containing oxygen and store this solan ⁇ ge, until it can be released to released zinc-iron phases or released zinc.
- inserts can be formed both on the die and on the male.
- a loading with oxygen may also be called media by flooding the mold cavity ⁇ , for example with steam or the already ge ⁇ be performed.
- FIG. 3 shows another tool insert with release
- 4 shows a slotted tool insert in a mallli ⁇ chen-sectional view
- FIG. 5 shows the slotted tool insert in a surface-side view.
- An insert 1 according to the invention is formed, for example, from a ceramic and in particular an oxide ceramic.
- the ceramic insert runs along the drawing edges 2 and is used in the tool instead of the metallic drawing edge 2, wherein it has a back 3 and a bottom 4, with which it is positively inserted in a recess in the metallic tool.
- the ceramic insert 1 has an upper side 6 and a front side 5, the front side 5 and the upper side 6 are preferably aligned with the corresponding surfaces of the tool.
- This ceramic insert may be solid or dense and hard or porous hard.
- a gas port (not shown) may be provided, passing through the insert 1 oxygen in sufficient concentration in the range the surfaces 5 and the drawing edge 2 brings.
- Figure 2 is in the area of the surface 5 adjacent to the drawing edge 2 a free-7 made.
- the cutout 7 has, for example, a ne depth of 5 to 10 mm, while the entire use in ⁇ example has a height between the surfaces 4 and 6 of 35 to 50 mm and a width between the surfaces 3 and 5 of 15 to 30 mm.
- the pulling edge 2 is designed so that the thickness of the pulling edge before the cutout 7 corresponds approximately to its radius.
- Figure 3 instead of a cutout 7 is adjacent to the pulling edge 2 le ⁇ diglich an axis extending parallel to the surface 6 of the groove 8 EXISTING ⁇ , for example, has a depth of 5 to 8 mm, where ⁇ at the height of the Groove 8 between the pulling edge 2 and the surface 5 8 to 12 mm.
- the surface 5 is formed with slots 9 which extend from a surface 4 in the direction of the drawing edge 2, but the drawing edge 2 still has a thickness corresponding to its radius.
- the slot width is in this case 4 to 8 mm with a slot spacing of 7 to 11 mm, so that a web width of 2 to 5 mm is realized, with a slot depth of 5 to 9 mm. Again, it has been shown that the web width has no negative impact on the oxygen supply.
- the recesses 7 and the groove 8 or the slots 9 are filled with a porous ceramic material or a porous sintered metal material, wherein at the remindsei- te 3 of the insert feed openings for the oxygen-containing fluids present can be and / or the sintered metal or ceramic inserts between the forming processes are so laden with oxygen, for example by flooding the Formenhohlrau ⁇ mes with water vapor, or ceramic and / or the Sinterme- tall as high Sauerstoffäffintician has that during the forming processes oxygen is received, which is released during the drawing process to be released zinc or zinc zinc phases.
- an advantage that we can be prevented ⁇ fectively by relatively simple measures the formation of microcracks second order, whereby existing environmental forming tools by milling the positive radii areas or drawing edges inserting appropriately shaped inserts can be retrofitted.
- the 20MnB8, 22MnB8 and other manganese boron steels are also used, especially in the direct compression hardening process.
- Titanium (Ti) 0, 01-0, 08
- Titanium (Ti) 0, 03-0, 04
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17703743.9A EP3414027B1 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen gehärteter stahlbauteile |
JP2018539972A JP6753939B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | 硬化鋼部品を製造するための方法および装置 |
CN201780011061.XA CN109070174B (zh) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | 用于生产硬化钢部件的方法和装置 |
ES17703743T ES2792080T3 (es) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | Método y dispositivo para producir componentes de acero endurecidos |
US16/074,303 US20210189513A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | Method and device for producing hardened steel components |
KR1020187025951A KR20180113559A (ko) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | 경화된 스틸 부품의 제조 방법 및 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016102324.8A DE102016102324B4 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen gehärteter Stahlbauteile |
DE102016102324.8 | 2016-02-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017137378A1 true WO2017137378A1 (de) | 2017-08-17 |
Family
ID=57984946
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2017/052604 WO2017137378A1 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-07 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen gehärteter stahlbauteile |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210189513A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3414027B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6753939B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20180113559A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN109070174B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102016102324B4 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2792080T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017137378A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020222688A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-05 | Gestamp Hardtech Ab | A hot press forming apparatus and a method for hot press forming a blank |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DD34665A (ja) * | ||||
DE102008063985A1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-08 | Voestalpine Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen partiell gehärteter Stahlblechbauteile |
DE102011055643A1 (de) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-23 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren und Umformwerkzeug zum Warmumformen und Presshärten von Werkstücken aus Stahlblech, insbesondere verzinkten Werkstücken aus Stahlblech |
US20140295205A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Press-formed product, hot press-forming method and hot press-forming apparatus |
DE102013108044B3 (de) * | 2013-07-26 | 2014-11-20 | Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh | Kühlkörper mit Abstandhalter |
Family Cites Families (15)
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DE10000138A1 (de) * | 2000-01-04 | 2001-07-12 | Binder Technologie Ag Gams | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formteilen |
CA2533633C (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2009-08-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Method for producing hardened parts from sheet steel |
AT412878B (de) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-08-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Korrosionsgeschütztes stahlblechteil mit hoher festigkeit |
DE102004038626B3 (de) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-02 | Voestalpine Motion Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von gehärteten Bauteilen aus Stahlblech |
JP2006104527A (ja) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | 高強度部品の製造方法と高強度部品 |
JP2007216257A (ja) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 高強度部品製造方法、高強度部品製造方法に用いられる熱間プレス成形型及び高強度部品製造方法における中間成形品 |
DE102007061489A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von gehärteten Bauteilen aus härtbarem Stahl und härtbares Stahlband hierfür |
JP5515304B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2014-06-11 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼板の熱間プレス成形方法及び熱間プレス成形装置 |
CN102782188B (zh) * | 2009-12-28 | 2014-06-18 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | 热压成形构件的制造方法 |
JP5695381B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2015-04-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | プレス成形品の製造方法 |
CN103415630B (zh) * | 2010-12-24 | 2015-09-23 | 沃斯特阿尔派因钢铁有限责任公司 | 成型并硬化涂覆的钢板的方法 |
DE102011052773A1 (de) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Werkzeug für ein Presshärtwerkzeug |
CN102430628A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-02 | 大连理工大学 | 一种多层金属复合板材的热成形方法 |
DE102013015405A1 (de) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-05-08 | Daimler Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Presshärten eines Blechs |
DE102014101159B4 (de) * | 2014-01-30 | 2016-12-01 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken |
-
2016
- 2016-02-10 DE DE102016102324.8A patent/DE102016102324B4/de active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-07 JP JP2018539972A patent/JP6753939B2/ja active Active
- 2017-02-07 KR KR1020187025951A patent/KR20180113559A/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2017-02-07 CN CN201780011061.XA patent/CN109070174B/zh active Active
- 2017-02-07 EP EP17703743.9A patent/EP3414027B1/de active Active
- 2017-02-07 WO PCT/EP2017/052604 patent/WO2017137378A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-02-07 ES ES17703743T patent/ES2792080T3/es active Active
- 2017-02-07 US US16/074,303 patent/US20210189513A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
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DD34665A (ja) * | ||||
DE102008063985A1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-08 | Voestalpine Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen partiell gehärteter Stahlblechbauteile |
DE102011055643A1 (de) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-23 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren und Umformwerkzeug zum Warmumformen und Presshärten von Werkstücken aus Stahlblech, insbesondere verzinkten Werkstücken aus Stahlblech |
US20140295205A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Press-formed product, hot press-forming method and hot press-forming apparatus |
DE102013108044B3 (de) * | 2013-07-26 | 2014-11-20 | Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh | Kühlkörper mit Abstandhalter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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H. KARBASIAN ET AL: "A review on hot stamping", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, vol. 210, no. 15, 1 November 2010 (2010-11-01), pages 2103 - 2118, XP055141086, ISSN: 0924-0136, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.07.019 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016102324A1 (de) | 2017-08-10 |
CN109070174B (zh) | 2021-05-04 |
US20210189513A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
KR20180113559A (ko) | 2018-10-16 |
CN109070174A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
ES2792080T3 (es) | 2020-11-10 |
EP3414027A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 |
JP2019508252A (ja) | 2019-03-28 |
EP3414027B1 (de) | 2020-05-06 |
JP6753939B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 |
DE102016102324B4 (de) | 2020-09-17 |
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