WO2017135236A1 - Procédé pour faire pousser des semis résistant au sel et procédé de culture hydroponique de plante - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire pousser des semis résistant au sel et procédé de culture hydroponique de plante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017135236A1
WO2017135236A1 PCT/JP2017/003365 JP2017003365W WO2017135236A1 WO 2017135236 A1 WO2017135236 A1 WO 2017135236A1 JP 2017003365 W JP2017003365 W JP 2017003365W WO 2017135236 A1 WO2017135236 A1 WO 2017135236A1
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Prior art keywords
cultivation
salt
solution
mass
sodium chloride
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PCT/JP2017/003365
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
世吾 小野
中嶋　節男
稔公 武内
航一郎 岩佐
真 藤上
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積水化学工業株式会社
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Priority to JP2017565557A priority Critical patent/JPWO2017135236A1/ja
Publication of WO2017135236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017135236A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for growing seedlings that can grow in a high salt concentration environment for plants with originally low salt tolerance, and hydroponics a plant body with a cultivation solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more. It relates to a method for cultivation. About.
  • sea water is the most abundant water resource on the earth, and this problem can be solved if sea water can be used as agricultural water.
  • many plants cannot grow under high salt concentration due to water absorption inhibition by osmotic pressure and inhibition of intracellular enzymes by sodium ions.
  • the salt tolerance can be increased to the salt concentration of seawater, it can be expected that the plant can be cultivated using seawater.
  • Examples of methods for increasing the salt tolerance of plants include a method for introducing a gene involved in a salt tolerance mechanism using a gene recombination technique. For example, there are halophytes that have acquired resistance to osmotic pressure by accumulating osmolite (proline or betaine) in plant cells. It has been reported that a recombinant plant introduced with a gene for accumulating osmolyte has acquired salt tolerance. In addition, it is known that the SOS1 gene activates the sodium ion to promote its excretion, and a recombinant plant into which this gene has been introduced has been studied.
  • osmolite proline or betaine
  • a method for increasing the salt tolerance of a plant without using a genetic recombination technique a method of administering a drug or a microorganism having an effect of imparting salt tolerance to a plant to the plant has been studied.
  • a drug having a salt tolerance-imparting effect for example, pyrroloquinoline quinone (see, for example, Patent Document 1), plant hormone strigolactone, and the like are known.
  • a microorganism having an effect of imparting salt tolerance for example, Paenibacillus fukuinensis (see, for example, Patent Document 2) is known.
  • hydroponics that cultivate crops using an aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as “cultivation solution”) containing nutrients necessary for plants instead of soil has attracted attention.
  • Hydroponics has the advantage that since no soil is used, the risk of generating pests is small, production management is relatively easy, and crops can be harvested even in places where there is no soil suitable for crop cultivation.
  • by controlling the cultivation conditions it is possible to cultivate crops with better nutritional value and product quality than before.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses that the amount of chlorophyll contained in cells of a leaf by applying moderate salt stress by hydroponic cultivation in contact with an aqueous solution containing an effective amount of a metal salt in the growth process of amaranth leaves.
  • a method for cultivating amaranth for leafy vegetables having a high commercial value as a colored vegetable with enhanced red color development by decreasing and relatively increasing the betacyanin content is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a long shelf life by hydroponics using an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 0.3% by mass of sodium chloride as liquid fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizers such as nitrates and phosphates.
  • a method for cultivating radish which is said to be of higher quality, is disclosed.
  • hydroponics Although the risk of contamination by soil bacteria is low, algae and moss may overgrow if sufficient water quality control is not performed for the cultivation solution. Due to overgrowth of algae and the like, dissolved oxygen in the cultivation solution is reduced, and the growth of the target plant is inhibited. Moreover, in hydroponics, once a pathogenic microbe mixes, as a result of spreading
  • the present invention relates to a method for efficiently growing seedlings that can grow in a high salt concentration environment, and a plant body with a solution for cultivation having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more. It aims to provide a method for hydroponics.
  • the salt-tolerant seedling growing method includes an initial growth step in which seeds or bulbs are rooted in an environment having a sodium chloride concentration of less than 1% by mass, and the initial growth.
  • a salt tolerance imparting step for performing a salt tolerance imparting treatment in which a salt tolerance imparting agent is brought into contact with at least a part of the roots of the seedling grown in the process, And a cultivation process of hydroponically cultivating with a cultivation solution of 1% by mass or more.
  • the method for cultivating salt-tolerant seedlings according to [1] preferably includes a removal step of removing dead seedlings after the salt tolerance imparting step or in the cultivation step.
  • the salt tolerance-imparting step is preferably performed after the seeds or bulbs have germinated.
  • the root of the seed or bulb has a sodium chloride concentration of 0.5% by mass or less. It is preferable to carry out under an environment.
  • rooting of seeds or bulbs is performed in an environment where the sodium chloride concentration is 0% by mass. Preferably it is done.
  • the cultivation solution further contains 0.5% by mass or less of magnesium chloride.
  • the salt imparting treatment contains a salt tolerance imparting agent, and the sodium chloride concentration is 1% by mass or more. It is preferable to immerse at least a part of the seedling roots in the treatment solution.
  • the salt tolerance-imparting agent is preferably one type or two or more types of microorganisms.
  • the hydroponic cultivation method for a plant according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a salt-tolerant seedling grown by the salt-tolerant seedling growing method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the sodium chloride concentration is It has the cultivation process of hydroponically cultivating with the cultivation solution which is 1 mass% or more.
  • the cultivation process is performed in an outdoor open cultivation tank.
  • the salt concentration of the cultivation solution is preferably 2.5% by mass or more.
  • the cultivation solution further contains 0.5% by mass or less of magnesium chloride.
  • 50% by mass or more of the cultivation solution is preferably seawater.
  • a monitoring step of continuously or intermittently measuring the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution in the cultivation step, a monitoring step of continuously or intermittently measuring the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution and, in the monitoring step, when the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution exceeds a predetermined upper limit threshold, the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution is 1% by mass or more and is less than or equal to the upper limit threshold.
  • the adjustment process it is preferable to have the adjustment process to adjust.
  • the concentration of sodium chloride in the cultivation solution is adjusted to one or two or more dilution solutions. It is preferable that the sodium chloride concentration of the diluting solution is less than 1% by mass.
  • the upper threshold is preferably 3.5% by mass.
  • a plant having low salt tolerance is originally cultivated with a cultivation solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more, using a drug or microorganism having an effect of imparting salt tolerance. Can be grown efficiently.
  • the hydroponic cultivation method of the plant which concerns on this invention can hydroponically cultivate a plant body in the high salt environment that uses the solution for cultivation whose sodium chloride concentration is 1 mass% or more.
  • the salt-tolerant seedling growing method according to the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “the growing method according to the present invention”) is used to develop seeds or bulbs in an environment where the sodium chloride concentration is less than 1% by mass.
  • An initial growth step for rooting, a salt tolerance imparting step for performing a salt tolerance imparting treatment for bringing a salt tolerance imparting agent into contact with at least a part of the roots of the seedling grown in the initial growth step, and a salt tolerance imparting by the salt tolerance imparting step And a cultivation process of hydroponically cultivating the seedlings to which the concentration of sodium chloride is 1% by mass or more.
  • Plants that are inherently low in salt tolerance are treated with a salt tolerance-imparting agent to impart salt tolerance, and seedlings that can be grown in a very high salt concentration environment with a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more. It is a method of training. Plants at the initial stage of growth are less resistant to stress than plants that are fully grown and are more susceptible to environmental stress. In particular, rooting and germination processes are very sensitive to salt concentration. For this reason, when grown in a high salt concentration environment from the seed or bulb stage, there are many plants that die without being able to acquire salt tolerance even when subjected to salt tolerance treatment due to high salt stress.
  • the growing method according to the present invention at the initial stage of growth, it is grown in a low salt concentration environment, and after being grown to some extent, salt tolerance imparting treatment is performed. Thereby, the ratio of the plant body to which salt tolerance is imparted by the salt tolerance imparting treatment can be remarkably increased, and seedlings that can be cultivated in a high salt concentration environment can be efficiently grown.
  • the plant is grown in an environment where the sodium chloride concentration is less than 1% by mass until at least rooting is completed. “At least rooting is complete” means that at least part of the root is exposed from the seed or bulb.
  • the sodium chloride concentration in the environment in which seeds and the like are grown in the initial growth step may be less than 1% by mass, and is preferably not more than the salt concentration at which a plant of the same variety as the plant growing the seedling can normally grow. .
  • the “environment in which normal growth is possible” means an environment in which the growth rate when a plurality of plants are grown is 80% or more.
  • the concentration of sodium chloride in the environment where the initial growth step is performed is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, and 0.1% by mass. More preferably, it may be 0% by mass.
  • the initial growth step is performed by a general method for germinating and rooting seeds, except that an aqueous solution having a sodium chloride concentration of less than 1% by mass is used as water to be supplied to seeds or bulbs (initial growth solution). It can be carried out. Specifically, the seeds or bulbs are allowed to germinate and germinate by placing them in contact with the initial growth solution in a temperature environment where germination and rooting are possible. For example, an initial growth solution may be periodically sprayed on seeds placed in an appropriate temperature environment, and at least a part of the surface is exposed to air in an appropriate temperature environment. The other parts may be placed in contact with the initial growth solution.
  • seeds and the like can be partially brought into contact with the initial growth solution by placing it on the surface of a support carrier containing the initial growth solution.
  • seeds and the like can be partially brought into contact with the initial growth solution by placing seeds or the like in an initial growth solution stored in a container so that the water depth is lower than the height of the seeds or the like.
  • the supporting carrier may be any material as long as the solution for initial growth contained therein is porous enough to supply water to seeds and the like placed on the surface of the carrier. What has the porosity which can penetrate the support
  • carrier for support is preferable. Plants germinated and rooted from seeds and the like can be grown in a state where they are supported on a support carrier so that the stems and leaves extend above the support carrier and the roots extend below the support carrier. it can. For example, seeds are placed on the surface of a support carrier held in a cultivation pot that can be installed in a cultivation tank used for hydroponics used in the cultivation process, and germinated and rooted. When the plant body is grown so as to extend the root downward and penetrate the support carrier, the plant body is supported while being held in the cultivation pot. By installing it in the cultivation tank, it can be grown even after the seedling stage.
  • the support carrier having such a porous property may be, for example, a gel material, a fibrous material, or a granular or gravel material.
  • the gel substance include polymer polysaccharides such as agar, agarose, gellan gum, alginic acid, and water-absorbing resins such as acrylic resins.
  • the fibrous material include non-woven cloth, cotton, paper, rock wool, and glass wool.
  • granular or gravel materials include wood chips, bark, pumice, vermiculite, sand, and the like.
  • a salt tolerance imparting treatment is performed in which a salt tolerance imparting agent is brought into contact with at least a part of the roots of the grown seedlings.
  • salt tolerance imparting treatment may be performed immediately after rooting, the tolerance to salt stress increases as the plant grows. For this reason, it is preferable to perform the salt tolerance imparting step after germination, and it is more preferable to perform the salt tolerance imparting step after growing the seedlings for at least one week, preferably about three weeks after germination.
  • the salt tolerance imparting treatment can be performed by immersing at least a part of the seedling root in an aqueous solution (treatment solution) containing a salt tolerance imparting agent.
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the treatment solution is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of salt tolerance imparting agent used and the type of plant body so that the salt tolerance imparting efficiency is sufficient.
  • a solution obtained by mixing a salt tolerance-imparting agent with an initial growth solution may be used as a treatment solution
  • a solution obtained by mixing a salt tolerance-imparting agent with a cultivation solution used in the cultivation process may be used as a treatment solution.
  • a solution having a composition different from both the initial growth solution and the cultivation solution may be used as the treatment solution.
  • the treatment solution used in the present invention only needs to contain a salt tolerance-imparting agent, and its sodium chloride concentration may be as low as about 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, but 0.5% by mass. Preferably, it is 1% by mass or more, more preferably the same concentration as the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution.
  • the salt tolerance-imparting agent used in the present invention may be a drug, a microorganism, or a culture supernatant of a microorganism.
  • the drug include pyrroloquinoline quinone (see Patent Document 1), strigolactone, and the like.
  • Examples of the microorganism include Paenibacillus fuchinensis (see Patent Document 2).
  • the salt tolerance-imparting agent may be composed of one kind of microorganism or a mixture of two or more kinds of microorganisms.
  • the concentration of the salt tolerance imparting agent in the treatment solution is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the type of salt tolerance imparting agent, the type of plant body, the growth stage, and the like.
  • concentration of the salt tolerance-imparting agent in the treatment solution is too low, the salt tolerance-imparting agent has less chance of contacting the plant roots in the treatment solution, and the salt tolerance-imparting effect may be insufficient. is there.
  • concentration of the salt tolerance-imparting agent in the treatment solution for obtaining a sufficient salt tolerance-imparting effect can be determined experimentally. For example, when the salt tolerance imparting agent is a microorganism, a sufficient salt tolerance imparting effect can be obtained by setting the concentration of the microorganism in the treatment solution to 10 3 CFU / mL or more.
  • 1 time of salt tolerance imparting treatment time that is, the time for immersing at least a part of the root of the plant body in the treatment solution is appropriately adjusted depending on the kind of plant body and the kind of salt tolerance imparting agent used.
  • the salt tolerance imparting treatment time is preferably 1 hour or longer, more preferably 18 hours or longer, further preferably 1 day or longer, and further preferably 1 to 7 days.
  • the salt tolerance imparting treatment can also be performed by installing the cultivation pot in the treatment tank in which the treatment solution is accommodated.
  • the cultivation pot may be detachably fitted in the through hole of the float, or may be fixed so as not to be detached from the through hole of the float, and the float and the cultivation pot are integrally molded. May be.
  • the material for the float that floats on the water surface of the treatment solution the same material as the float that floats on the water surface of the cultivation solution described later is used.
  • the amount of the treatment solution used for the salt tolerance imparting treatment increases, a larger amount of salt tolerance imparting agent is required. Therefore, by providing the amount of the solution for treatment to the amount necessary and sufficient for the roots of the plant extending from the bottom of the cultivation pot to come into contact with each other, the salt tolerance imparted necessary for one salt tolerance imparting treatment is provided. The amount of the agent can be suppressed. However, if the amount of the treatment solution is too small, a sufficient amount of salt tolerance imparting agent may not come into contact with the roots of the plant body, so one cultivation pot is fitted per treatment tank. When only the plate is installed, the processing solution contained in the processing tank is preferably at least 5 mL.
  • the seedling to which salt tolerance has been imparted in the salt tolerance imparting step is then hydroponically cultivated with a cultivation solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more.
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution in the cultivation process after the salt tolerance imparting process may be 1% by mass or more, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the salt tolerance of the plant to be cultivated.
  • a sodium chloride concentration of the solution for cultivation used in the present invention 1.5 mass% or more is preferred, 2.0 mass% or more is more preferred, and 2.5 mass% or more is still more preferred.
  • concentration of the solution for cultivation used in this invention it is preferable that it is 4 mass% or less, It is more preferable that it is 3.8 mass% or less, It is 3.5 mass% or less.
  • the cultivation solution used in the present invention preferably has a sodium chloride concentration of 1 to 4% by mass, more preferably 1.5 to 3.8% by mass, and 2 to 3.5%. More preferably, it is in mass%.
  • the cultivation solution used in the present invention preferably contains magnesium chloride in addition to sodium chloride, more preferably contains 0.5% by mass or less of magnesium chloride, and 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. More preferably, the magnesium chloride is contained.
  • the cultivation solution used in the present invention preferably contains various nutritional components necessary for the growth of plants in addition to sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.
  • the said nutrient component can be suitably adjusted according to the kind of plant body to grow.
  • elements necessary for the growth of plants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum and boron are contained as salts.
  • elements such as aluminum and silicon may be contained as salts.
  • a solution obtained by adding insufficient salts such as sodium chloride to a commercially available liquid fertilizer or a commercially available concentrated liquid fertilizer is replaced by water with seawater.
  • a diluted solution can be used.
  • a solution obtained by appropriately adding deficient salts such as phosphorus to seawater can also be used.
  • a solution for cultivation used in the present invention a solution containing 50% by mass or more of seawater is preferable, a solution containing 80% by mass or more is more preferable, and a solution in which insufficient components are appropriately added to seawater is further preferable.
  • hydroponics in the cultivation process can be performed by a general hydroponics method except that the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution is 1% by mass or more.
  • the cultivation process may be performed by a submerged hydroponics method in which a relatively large amount of cultivation solution is accumulated in a cultivation tank, or by a thin film hydroponics method in which the culture solution is allowed to flow down little by little on a flat surface having a gentle slope. You may go.
  • the method for exchanging the cultivation solution in the cultivation tank may be a circulation type that circulates and is used, and is drained as it is after being used for a certain period in the cultivation tank. It may be non-circular.
  • the circulation type after the cultivation solution is prepared in the cultivation solution preparation tank, it is put into the cultivation tank by a pump or the like, and is collected again from the cultivation tank to the cultivation solution preparation tank. Prepared.
  • the submerged hydroponic method has, for example, a cultivation tank for accommodating a cultivation solution, a cultivation pot for accommodating a plant body, and one or more through holes for fitting the cultivation pot, and the cultivation solution It can carry out using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus provided with the float which floats on the water surface.
  • the pot for cultivation may be detachably fitted in the through hole of the float, may be fixed so as not to be detached from the through hole of the float, or even if the float and the pot for cultivation are integrally molded Good.
  • the cultivation tank may be installed indoors or may be installed outdoors.
  • the cultivation tank has a water supply hole for injecting the cultivation solution and a drainage hole for draining the cultivation solution.
  • the cultivation tank may include both a water supply hole and a drainage hole, or may include a water supply / drainage hole that performs both water supply and drainage. Supply and drainage of the cultivation solution to the cultivation tank is controlled by a pump and a valve.
  • a pot for cultivation is provided with openings on at least the upper and lower surfaces, and is a container that can hold a support carrier, and generally a resin material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinylidene chloride is used. .
  • a support carrier such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinylidene chloride is used.
  • the above-mentioned carriers can be used.
  • the float is formed of a material that floats on the surface of the water for cultivation in a state where the cultivation pot in a state where the plant body is cultivated is fitted in the through hole.
  • the material include expandable resins such as expanded polystyrene and expanded polypropylene.
  • the number of floats floating in the cultivation tank may be one, or two or more.
  • a float When the cultivation tank is installed outdoors, in order to suppress transpiration from the water surface of the cultivation solution, it is preferable to install a float so as to cover most of the water surface of the cultivation solution.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus to be used preferably includes an oxygen supply means for keeping the dissolved oxygen amount of the cultivation solution above a certain amount.
  • the oxygen supply means include an air pump and an air soccer.
  • the pH suitable for hydroponics varies depending on the type of plant, it is generally about 5.5 to 6.5. However, as the cultivation period becomes longer, the pH of the cultivation solution tends to increase. is there. For this reason, in order to perform hydroponics stably for a long period of time, the hydroponics apparatus to be used measures the pH of the solution for cultivation over time and adjusts the pH within a predetermined range as necessary. It is preferable that a pH control means for administering an acid substance is provided. Examples of the acid substance used for pH adjustment include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like.
  • the salt tolerance imparting step and the cultivation step may be performed in the same cultivation tank, the salt tolerance imparting step is performed in the treatment tank containing the treatment solution, You may move to the cultivation tank which accommodated the cultivation solution.
  • the seedling is cultivated when the salt tolerance imparting treatment is performed in the treatment tank.
  • the pot for processing may be removed from the float of the processing tank, and inserted into the through hole of the float floated on the surface of the cultivation solution contained in the cultivation tank. May float on the water surface of the cultivation solution in the cultivation tank.
  • the moving means for moving the cultivation pot or float from the processing tank to the cultivation tank is not particularly limited, and can be performed by, for example, a moving means using a water flow or movement on a conveyor. When a plurality of cultivation pots are installed per treatment tank, it is preferable to perform a bubbling treatment with an air pump in order to prevent stagnation of the treatment solution and to prevent oxygen deficiency.
  • the treatment solution is accommodated in the cultivation tank, and the roots extending below the cultivation pot fitted in the float are brought into contact with the treatment solution.
  • the treatment solution is preferably brought into contact with the roots of the plant under the condition that the amount of water supply / drainage is reduced or the water supply / drainage treatment is not performed.
  • the amount of water supply / drainage is small or when water supply / drainage is not performed, stagnation occurs in the cultivation tank, which may adversely affect the plant itself. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately stir the processing solution by bubbling with an air pump.
  • the salt tolerance imparting treatment After draining the treatment solution in the cultivation tank, and then supplying the cultivation solution prepared in another tank in advance into the cultivation tank, by performing water supply and drainage under normal supply and drainage conditions, Start the cultivation process.
  • the salt tolerance-imparting agent is a substance that does not adversely affect the plant body even if it is excessively ingested itself, such as microorganisms
  • the cultivation solution is usually supplied without draining the treatment solution. Water supply / drainage may be started under the water supply / drainage conditions.
  • Seedlings with insufficient salt tolerance will die if grown in a high salt concentration environment for a certain period in the cultivation process. Withered plants cause rot and cause germs to grow in the cultivation solution. There is also a risk that seedlings to which salt tolerance has been given due to contamination of the cultivation solution will die due to disease or the like. For this reason, it is preferable to have the removal process which removes the seedling which died after the salt provision process or in the cultivation process.
  • the salt tolerance imparting step is performed using a treatment solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more, it is preferably performed after the salt tolerance imparting step and before the cultivation step is started. In the cultivation of agricultural products, the yield in the actual cultivation area can be improved by removing the dead seedling from the cultivation tank.
  • the seedlings that do not die when grown for a certain period in a high salt concentration environment are plants whose salt tolerance has been reliably improved by the salt tolerance imparting agent. I can confirm. And the quality assurance as a salt-tolerant seedling can also be obtained about the salt-tolerant seedling grown in this invention by removing the withered seedling.
  • the seedling plant species to which salt tolerance is imparted by the growing method according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns and mosses. Good. Further, it may be a monocotyledonous plant or a dicotyledonous plant.
  • rice plants such as rice, corn, sorghum, wheat, barley, rye, barnyard millet, millet; solanaceous plants such as tomato, eggplant, paprika, pepper, potato, tobacco; Arabidopsis, oilseed rape, Cruciferous plants such asnica, radish, cabbage, purple cabbage, purple cabbage (petit vert), Chinese cabbage, chingensai, kale, watercress, komatsuna, broccoli, cauliflower, turnip, wasabi, mustard, etc .; cucumber, bittern, pumpkin, melon, watermelon Cucurbitaceae plants such as grapes; Grapevine plants such as grapes; Citrus plants such as lemons, oranges, navel oranges, grapefruits, mandarin oranges, limes, sudachis, yuzu, shikuwasha, tankans; apples, cherry blossoms, umes, peaches , Strawberry, loquat, apricot, plastic (Plum), prunes, almonds, pears
  • Plant of the palm family plants of the family Baceae such as banana, bamboo shoot, Manila Asa; plants of the family Mulberry family such as cotton and okra; plants of the family Papaveraceae such as eucalyptus; plants of the family Paceae family such as phalaenopsis .
  • the seedling that imparts salt tolerance by the growing method according to the present invention may be a plant that can impart salt tolerance to a desired salt concentration by the growing method, and may be a natural plant, It may be a plant modified by a recombinant technique or the like.
  • the modified plant body is preferably a plant body in which characteristics other than salt tolerance are improved by genetic modification or the like, but may be a plant body to which salt tolerance is insufficiently imparted.
  • the seedlings to which salt tolerance has been imparted by the growing method according to the present invention can be used for cultivation under various environments in the same manner as seedlings grown by conventional cultivation methods. For example, it may be used for soil cultivation or hydroponics. Various cultivation methods can be performed by conventional methods.
  • the seedlings grown by the growing method according to the present invention are preferably subjected to subsequent cultivation in an environment where the sodium chloride concentration is 1% by mass or more because the salt tolerance is imparted. Although it is hydroponically cultivated with a solution for cultivation in which is 1% by mass or more.
  • hydroponic cultivation method for plants according to the present invention is a salt-tolerant seedling grown by the above-described growing method, with a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass. It has the cultivation process of hydroponically cultivating with the cultivation solution which is the above.
  • the salt concentration that allows good growth is about 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, and many of them cannot grow at a salt concentration of 0.5% by mass or more.
  • Hydroponics can be done while preventing the occurrence. That is, the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention enables hydroponic cultivation in consideration of the natural environment and suppressing the use of agricultural chemicals and the like.
  • hydroponics in the cultivation process can be performed by a general hydroponics method except that the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution is 1% by mass or more.
  • the cultivation process may be performed by a submerged hydroponics method in which a relatively large amount of cultivation solution is accumulated in a cultivation tank, or by a thin film hydroponics method in which the culture solution is allowed to flow down little by little on a flat surface having a gentle slope. You may go. Specifically, it can be performed in the same manner as the cultivation process in the cultivation method according to the present invention.
  • hydroponics of agricultural crops it is preferable to use an equipment that does not require environmental control, such as using an open hydroponics facility, because it can be performed at a lower cost.
  • an equipment that does not require environmental control such as using an open hydroponics facility
  • the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention it is possible to perform outdoor hydroponic cultivation safely in consideration of the natural environment by suppressing the use of agricultural chemicals and the like only by increasing the salt concentration of the cultivation solution. .
  • the hydroponics method according to the present invention since the generation of algae and the like is effectively suppressed, it is also preferable to perform the cultivation process in an outdoor open cultivation tank.
  • the amount of transpiration is large, and the salt concentration of the cultivation solution may gradually increase. Therefore, in the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention, in the cultivation step, in the monitoring step of continuously or intermittently measuring the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution, and in the monitoring step, the cultivation solution It is preferable to have an adjustment step of adjusting the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution to 1% by mass or more and a concentration equal to or lower than the upper limit threshold when the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution exceeds a predetermined upper limit threshold. .
  • the salt concentration of the cultivation solution is increased by evaporation of the cultivation solution or transpiration from the plant body.
  • the effect of increasing the salt concentration of the cultivation solution on the plant body is greater than when hydroponically cultivating with a low salt concentration cultivation solution. The body will exceed the upper limit of salt concentration that it can withstand and die.
  • the cultivation process by monitoring the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution and controlling it to a concentration range in which the plant body can survive, even when using hydroponic cultivation equipment where the temperature and humidity are not controlled, The cultivation solution is prevented from excessively high salt concentration, and the plant body is stably hydroponically grown for a long period of time in a high salt environment in which a cultivation solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 1% by mass or more is used. Can do.
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution is measured continuously or intermittently.
  • the measurement of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution can be performed by sampling a small amount of the cultivation solution and measuring the sodium chloride concentration in the sampled cultivation solution.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus used in the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention is a means for continuously or intermittently collecting a small amount of the cultivation solution and a means for measuring the sodium chloride concentration of the collected cultivation solution. It is preferable to comprise.
  • the measurement of sodium chloride concentration in the cultivation solution is a known method for measuring chloride ion concentration or sodium ion concentration, such as potentiometric titration method, precipitation titration method, ion electrode method, flame photometric method, etc. Can be selected as appropriate. These methods can be performed by a conventional method.
  • the measurement of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution performed in the monitoring step is not a measurement of the concentration of the sodium chloride itself of the cultivation solution, but is highly correlated with the sodium chloride concentration, and may be an indicator of fluctuations in the sodium chloride concentration.
  • Physical property values may be measured. That is, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus used in the cultivation process may have means for measuring other physical property values highly correlated with the sodium chloride concentration instead of the means for measuring the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution. Good.
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the aqueous solution is correlated with the electrical conductivity. If the temperature is constant, the higher the sodium chloride concentration, the higher the electrical conductivity.
  • the electrical conductivity can be measured, and the fluctuation of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution can be monitored from the obtained measurement value.
  • the measurement of electrical conductivity can be performed by an ordinary method using an electrical conductivity meter.
  • the hydroponics method according to the present invention includes a monitoring step, it is preferable to previously determine an upper limit threshold value of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution.
  • the upper limit threshold can be set to 3.5% by mass.
  • the said upper limit threshold value can be suitably determined from the relationship between the growth rate of the plant body to grow, and sodium chloride concentration.
  • the relationship between the growth rate of the plant body and the sodium chloride concentration can be obtained experimentally.
  • the upper limit threshold value of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution is a concentration at which the growth rate of the plant to be cultivated is 70% or more, and the growth rate is 80% or more. A certain concentration is more preferable, and a concentration at which the growth rate is 90% or more is further preferable.
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the solution for cultivation exceeds a predetermined upper limit threshold
  • the sodium chloride concentration of the solution for cultivation is 1% by mass or more and can be adjusted to a concentration equal to or less than the upper limit threshold as an adjustment step.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus used in the hydroponic cultivation method according to the present invention includes means for adjusting the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution.
  • Adjustment of the sodium chloride concentration of the cultivation solution can be performed by mixing an aqueous solution (dilution solution) having a low sodium chloride concentration with the cultivation solution.
  • a aqueous solution (dilution solution) having a low sodium chloride concentration may be mixed with the cultivation solution, or two or more types of dilution solutions may be mixed with the cultivation solution.
  • a diluting solution having a sodium chloride concentration of less than the measurement limit value such as water and a diluting solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 0.3% by mass or less are prepared, and the amount added to both the cultivating solutions is appropriately determined
  • concentration of the solution for cultivation can be efficiently adjusted below to a predetermined
  • the hydroponics apparatus used in the present invention is a solution tank for dilution containing the solution for dilution, and from the solution tank for dilution to the tank for cultivation. It is preferable to provide water supply means such as a water supply pipe for supplying water.
  • a desalting means for removing sodium chloride from the cultivation solution, a water evaporated from a cultivation tank or a plant body, and the collected moisture are used for cultivation. It may be a means for mixing with the solution.
  • the method for desalting the cultivation solution can be appropriately selected from known desalting methods such as electrodialysis using an ion exchange membrane (ED method).
  • ED method electrodialysis using an ion exchange membrane
  • the method of installing the cover which covers most of the liquid level of the solution for cultivation in a cultivation tank is mentioned, for example.
  • the lid is preferably installed so as not to inhibit the growth of the plant body.
  • salt tolerance imparting treatment may be performed during the cultivation process.
  • the effect of salt tolerance imparting treatment performed on young seedlings may be attenuated by long-term cultivation, but by performing salt tolerance imparting treatment one or more times on the plant body during the cultivation period, The effect of imparting salt tolerance can be maintained, and can be cultivated stably in a high salt environment for a long period of time.
  • the salt tolerance imparting treatment can be performed in the same manner as the salt tolerance imparting treatment in the growing method according to the present invention.
  • the high salt concentration was similarly applied. It can be hydroponically cultivated in the environment. Examples of transformed plants whose salt tolerance has been enhanced by genetic recombination technology include halophytes that have acquired resistance to osmotic pressure by accumulating osmolite (proline or betaine) in plant cells. . It has been reported that a recombinant plant introduced with a gene for accumulating osmolyte has acquired salt tolerance. In addition, it is known that the SOS1 gene activates the sodium ion to promote its excretion, and a recombinant plant into which this gene has been introduced has been studied.
  • Example 1 ⁇ Preparation of seeds> Arabidopsis seeds (Col-0) were purchased from LEHLE (Round Rock, TX, USA). The seeds were sterilized by stirring for 1 minute while immersed in 1% hypochlorous acid, and then hypochlorous acid was removed by centrifugation. The seeds treated with hypochlorous acid were washed three times with sterilized water and then stored at 4 ° C. for 24 hours in the dark until the start of the initial growth process.
  • sucrose-containing MS medium a liquid medium obtained by adding 0.5% (w / v) sucrose to an MS medium.
  • a plurality of pots were installed so that the bottom surface was immersed in the sucrose-containing MS medium, but the top surface was not immersed.
  • the sucrose-containing MS medium does not contain sodium chloride.
  • One seed per pot was sown on the top of the pot and grown for 14 days in an incubator with long-day conditions of 25 ° C., 16 hours light period and 8 hours dark period.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour faire pousser efficacement des semis qui sont susceptibles de pousser dans un environnement de concentration élevée en sel par rapport à des plantes qui ont intrinsèquement une faible résistance au sel. Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne un procédé pour faire pousser des semis résistant au sel, le procédé comprenant : une étape de croissance initiale pour amener des semis ou bulbes à commencer à former des racines dans un environnement dans lequel la concentration en chlorure de sodium est inférieure à 1 % en masse ; une étape conférant une résistance au sel pour réaliser un traitement conférant une résistance au sel, dans lequel un agent conférant une résistance au sel est amené en contact avec au moins une partie de la racine des semis cultivés dans l'étape de croissance initiale ; et une étape de culture pour réaliser une culture hydroponique sur les semis ayant reçu une résistance au sel dans l'étape conférant une résistance au sel, la culture hydroponique étant réalisée en utilisant une solution de culture ayant une concentration en chlorure de sodium supérieure ou égale à 1 % en masse.
PCT/JP2017/003365 2016-02-05 2017-01-31 Procédé pour faire pousser des semis résistant au sel et procédé de culture hydroponique de plante WO2017135236A1 (fr)

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WO2019066067A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 積水化学工業株式会社 Procédé de régulation de la teneur en sérine dans une plante solanacée, plante solanacée et procédé de détermination d'un procédé de culture d'une plante solanacée
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CN114009326A (zh) * 2021-11-05 2022-02-08 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 一种植物离体水培耐盐性快速鉴定的方法
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CN118140797A (zh) * 2024-05-10 2024-06-07 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 一种作物盐碱抗性锻炼方法及系统

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WO2018061870A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 積水化学工業株式会社 Corps végétal, procédé de production pour un corps végétal, procédé permettant de conférer une résistance, tomate et procédé de production pour une tomate
CN109640633A (zh) * 2016-09-29 2019-04-16 积水化学工业株式会社 植物体、植物体的制造方法、抗性赋予方法、番茄以及番茄的制造方法
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WO2019066067A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 積水化学工業株式会社 Procédé de régulation de la teneur en sérine dans une plante solanacée, plante solanacée et procédé de détermination d'un procédé de culture d'une plante solanacée
CN111771702A (zh) * 2020-07-27 2020-10-16 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 一种利用水培法评价工业大麻苗期耐盐碱性的方法
CN114009326A (zh) * 2021-11-05 2022-02-08 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 一种植物离体水培耐盐性快速鉴定的方法
KR102459815B1 (ko) * 2021-11-23 2022-10-26 충남대학교산학협력단 해수 조건에서 마이크로 버블을 이용한 염생식물 수경재배방법
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CN114342843A (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-15 广东天海参威科技开发有限公司 一种耐低盐海参培育方法
CN118140797A (zh) * 2024-05-10 2024-06-07 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 一种作物盐碱抗性锻炼方法及系统

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