WO2017128753A1 - 三维显示装置 - Google Patents

三维显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017128753A1
WO2017128753A1 PCT/CN2016/100661 CN2016100661W WO2017128753A1 WO 2017128753 A1 WO2017128753 A1 WO 2017128753A1 CN 2016100661 W CN2016100661 W CN 2016100661W WO 2017128753 A1 WO2017128753 A1 WO 2017128753A1
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sub
pixels
display device
dimensional display
strip
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PCT/CN2016/100661
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴坤
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/541,409 priority Critical patent/US10670871B2/en
Publication of WO2017128753A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017128753A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/29—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays characterised by the geometry of the lenticular array, e.g. slanted arrays, irregular arrays or arrays of varying shape or size
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G02B27/022—Viewing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/32—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1866—Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0944—Diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, holograms

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a three-dimensional display device.
  • the pixel design of a common display screen is red green blue (RGB) or red green blue white (RGBW) design, that is, one pixel is composed of three sub-pixels or four sub-pixels, and the visual resolution is physical resolution.
  • RGB red green blue
  • RGBW red green blue white
  • the visual resolution (PPI) of the display needs to be continuously increased.
  • PPI visual resolution
  • the method of reducing the pixel size is generally adopted to improve the physical resolution of the display.
  • the process of making the display screen becomes more and more difficult.
  • a technique of synthesizing one pixel by two sub-pixels that is, a virtual display (Pentile) technology has been developed.
  • the principle of this technique is to utilize the resolution of the brightness in the human visual system to be several times the resolution of the chrominance, and to display by using an algorithm corresponding to the adjacent sub-pixels in combination with the corresponding sub-pixels.
  • Pentile technology enables high resolution.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device for reducing crosstalk and moiré phenomenon when a virtual pixel structure realizes three-dimensional display.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device including: a pixel structure composed of a plurality of sub-pixels, a three-dimensional grating composed of a plurality of strip gratings arranged in a row direction; wherein each of the sub-rows Each of the sub-pixels in the pixel is aligned, and each of the two sub-pixels in the adjacent two rows is shifted in a row direction by a width of half of the sub-pixels, and each of the sub-pixels and adjacent sub-pixels The colors of the pixels are different; the extending directions of the strip gratings are the same and The row direction has a certain inclination angle; each of the strip gratings corresponds to at least two of the sub-pixels of each row to display sub-pixels of different viewpoint images.
  • each of the two sub-pixels in each row of the sub-pixels, each of the two sub-pixels constitutes a square pixel unit, each of the sub-pixels has an aspect ratio of 2:1; Or, each of the 1.5 sub-pixels constitutes a square pixel unit, and each of the sub-pixels has an aspect ratio of 3:2; or each of the sub-pixels constitutes a square pixel unit, and each of the sub-pixels
  • the aspect ratio is 1:1.
  • the inclination direction of the strip-shaped grating and the inclination direction of the row direction are [70°, 80°].
  • the inclination direction of the strip grating and the inclination direction of the row direction are [71°, 77.5°].
  • the edge of each of the strip gratings is a broken line and is located at a gap between two adjacent sub-pixels.
  • the edge of each strip grating is the same oblique line as the extending direction, and the oblique line will overlap each of the sub-edges
  • the pixel is divided into two parts.
  • the division ratios of the divided sub-pixels are the same.
  • the edge and the vertices of the sub-pixels overlapping the same position at the same position overlap.
  • the inclination direction of the strip-shaped grating and the row direction are 71.57°.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by each of the sub-pixels in the pixel structure is a repeating unit every 10 rows of the sub-pixels.
  • the oblique line is divided according to the total division ratio of each of the divided sub-pixels.
  • the extending direction of the strip-shaped grating is inclined to the row direction by 75.07° or 77.47°.
  • the viewpoint images displayed by each of the sub-pixels in the pixel structure are repeated every 16 rows of sub-pixels. unit.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by each of the sub-pixels in the pixel structure is a repeating unit every 40 rows of sub-pixels.
  • two sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the group of the sub-pixels are displayed in the adjacent two rows, and the two sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the group of the sub-pixels display the same viewpoint. image.
  • each of the divided sub-pixels corresponds to a strip-shaped raster display viewpoint image that overlaps with a portion having a large proportion.
  • each of the strip-shaped gratings corresponds to five sub-pixels displaying different viewpoint images among the sub-pixels of each row.
  • each of the sub-pixels in the sub-pixels are aligned in the column direction.
  • the three-dimensional grating is a lens grating, and the strip grating is a lens structure; or the three-dimensional grating is a slit grating, and the strip grating is a strip A combination of a light-transmissive area and a strip-shaped light-shielding area.
  • the three-dimensional grating is disposed on a light-emitting side of the pixel structure; or, when the pixel structure is a liquid crystal pixel structure, the three-dimensional grating is disposed on the pixel The light entrance side of the structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel structure in a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3a and 3b are schematic structural views of a three-dimensional grating in a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Example 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial pixel structure in Example 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are respectively schematic diagrams showing a partial pixel structure in Example 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional display device.
  • the display device includes: a pixel structure composed of a plurality of sub-pixels 01, and a three-dimensional structure composed of a plurality of strip gratings 02 arranged in a row direction. Grating.
  • FIG. 2a-2c is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel structure in a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each sub-pixel 01 in each row of sub-pixels 01 is aligned on the upper and lower sides, and closely arranged in the row direction. In the column direction, adjacent two rows of sub-pixels are parallel and closely arranged.
  • the sub-pixels 01 are shifted by half the width of the sub-pixels in the row direction, and each of the sub-pixels 01 and the adjacent sub-pixels 01 have different colors, that is, in the row direction or the column direction.
  • the colors of the two sub-pixels 01 are different.
  • A, B, and C represent three different colors, respectively.
  • FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b are respectively schematic structural diagrams of a three-dimensional grating in a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each strip grating 02 has the same extending direction and a certain oblique angle with the row direction, and each strip grating At least two sub-pixels 01 displaying different viewpoint images in the same row of sub-pixels 01 are corresponding.
  • the oblique strip-shaped grating 02 is used to match the pixel structure in which the sub-pixels 01 in the row direction are shifted by half of the sub-pixel width, so that the two strip-shaped gratings adjacent to each other can be reduced.
  • the proportion of the sub-pixels covered can reduce the crosstalk and moiré phenomenon in the three-dimensional display, and improve the viewing effect of the three-dimensional display.
  • each sub-pixel 01 of the sub-pixel 01 of the spaced row is aligned in the column direction to ensure the overall pixel structure. It is a rectangular structure.
  • the pixel structure of the above three-dimensional display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is particularly suitable for a horizontal screen having a length greater than a width.
  • a virtual pixel structure design may be adopted, and a square pixel unit is composed of two adjacent sub-pixels 01, and then virtualized by a virtual algorithm to perform virtual display. Display, so that the selective opening of the sub-pixel 01 can be flexibly used without reducing the pixel size, and the same letter can be displayed with fewer pixels. Information, thereby increasing the output resolution of the displayed image.
  • each row of sub-pixels 01 is composed of two square pixel units (shown by a dashed box), and each sub-pixel 01 has an aspect ratio of 2:1; as shown in FIG. 2b.
  • Each sub-pixel 01 consists of a square pixel unit (shown by a dashed box) for every 1.5 sub-pixels 01, and each sub-pixel 01 has an aspect ratio of 3:2; as shown in FIG. 2c, each row of sub-pixels 01
  • One sub-pixel 01 is composed of one square pixel unit (shown by a broken line frame), and each sub-pixel 01 has an aspect ratio of 1:1. The following description will be made by taking an example in which the aspect ratio of each sub-pixel 01 shown in FIG. 2b is 3:2.
  • the inclination direction of the strip grating 02 and the row direction are [70°, 80°]
  • the effect of the moiré phenomenon can be preferably reduced.
  • the extending direction of the strip grating 02 and the horizontal direction are [71°, 77.5°].
  • the tilting direction thereof may be inclined to the left as shown in FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b, or may be inclined to the right, which is not limited herein. The following description will be made by taking the strip grating 02 tilted to the left as an example.
  • the edge of each strip grating 02 may be a broken line and located between two adjacent sub-pixels 01.
  • the edge of the strip grating 02 does not divide the sub-pixel 01 into two parts, thus avoiding the crosstalk problem, and the manufacturing precision is required when the strip grating 02 is produced by using the edge as a fold line. And the requirements for alignment accuracy are higher.
  • the extending direction of each strip grating 02 is the wiring direction of the upper and lower ends of the strip grating 02 (shown by a broken line in Fig. 3a).
  • each strip grating 02 is the same oblique line as the extending direction, and the oblique line
  • Each sub-pixel 01 overlapping the edge is divided into two parts.
  • each strip grating 02 displays sub-pixels of different viewpoint images in five of the corresponding row sub-pixels 01.
  • the five sub-pixels 01 respectively display five viewpoint images
  • 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in FIG. Represents five viewpoint images.
  • 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 represent viewpoint images displayed by different sub-pixels 01 covered by the same stripe grating.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by the starting sub-pixel 01 will be different.
  • Example 1 When designing the edge of each stripe grating 02, as shown in FIG. 4, it is designed as a diagonal line to divide each sub-pixel 01 overlapping with the edge into two parts, and the division ratio of each divided sub-pixel 01 is shown. Consistent. That is, after each sub-pixel 01 overlapping the edge is divided into two parts a and b, the shape of the a portion is the same in each sub-pixel 01, and the shape of the b portion is also the same.
  • Each of the divided sub-pixels 01 theoretically corresponds to a strip-shaped raster 02 that overlaps with a portion having a large proportion, and displays a viewpoint image. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the proportion of the a portion is larger than the proportion of the b portion, and the sub-pixel 01 corresponds to the strip grating 02 partially overlapping the a portion and belongs to the viewpoint image of the strip grating 02.
  • the area ratio of the two portions a and b to which each sub-pixel 01 is divided should be as large as possible.
  • the edge of the oblique line should coincide with the vertex at the same position in each of the overlapping sub-pixels 01.
  • the edge of the oblique line in FIG. 4 coincides with the upper left vertex of each of the overlapping sub-pixels 01.
  • each sub-pixel 01 when the aspect ratio of each sub-pixel 01 is 3:2, the inclination angle of the extending direction of the strip-shaped grating 02 and the horizontal direction is 71.57°.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by each sub-pixel in the pixel structure is a repeating unit every 10 rows of sub-pixels. For example, in a group of two adjacent sub-pixels, two sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the group display the same viewpoint image.
  • the viewpoint images displayed by the respective sub-pixels 01 corresponding to the same stripe grating are in accordance with 1, 2, 3, The order of 4, 5 is arranged.
  • the viewpoint images displayed by the starting sub-pixel 01 of each line display the viewpoint images in a repeating unit every 10 behaviors as shown in Table 1 below. The following table can be obtained according to Fig. 1.
  • Example 2 When designing the edge of each strip grating 02, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, it is designed as a diagonal line to divide according to the total division ratio of each divided sub-pixel 01, that is, overlap with the edge. The larger the ratio of the sum of the a portion where the sub-pixels 01 are divided to the larger the sum of the b portions having the smaller area, the better.
  • the edges of the strip gratings 02 are arranged in a line connecting the diagonal vertices of the two sub-pixels 01 aligned in the column direction one row at a time.
  • the aspect ratio of each sub-pixel 01 is 3:2
  • the inclination direction of the strip grating 02 and the horizontal direction is 77.47.
  • the pixel junction The viewpoint image displayed by each sub-pixel in the structure is a repeating unit every 16 rows of sub-pixels, and further, each adjacent two rows of sub-pixels is grouped, and two adjacent sub-pixels in each group display the same viewpoint image. .
  • the viewpoint images displayed by the respective sub-pixels 01 corresponding to the same stripe grating structure are in accordance with 1, 2, and 3
  • the order of 4, 5 is arranged.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by the starting sub-pixel 01 of each line displays the viewpoint image in a repeating unit every 16 times as shown in Table 2 below.
  • the edge of the strip grating 02 is set by a line connecting the diagonal vertices of two sub-pixels 01 arranged adjacently in the column direction at intervals of three rows.
  • the aspect ratio of each sub-pixel 01 For 3:2 the angle of inclination of the strip grating 02 to the horizontal direction is 75.07°.
  • the viewpoint image displayed by each sub-pixel in the pixel structure is a repeating unit every 40 rows of sub-pixels, and further, each adjacent two rows of sub-pixels is grouped, and two sub-pixels adjacent to each other in the group display the same Viewpoint image.
  • the viewpoint images displayed by the respective sub-pixels 01 corresponding to the same stripe grating structure are in accordance with 1, 2, and 3 , 4, 5 in order.
  • the viewpoint images displayed by the starting sub-pixel 01 of each line display the viewpoint images in one repeating unit every 40 behaviors as shown in Table 3 below.
  • the three-dimensional grating may be, for example, a lens grating, and correspondingly, each strip grating 02 constituting the three-dimensional grating is a lens structure, for example, A liquid crystal lens can be used to achieve its lens function.
  • the three-dimensional grating in the three-dimensional display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be a slit grating.
  • each strip grating 02 constituting the three-dimensional grating is a combination of a strip-shaped light-transmitting region and a strip-shaped light-shielding region, that is, one
  • the strip grating 02 is composed of a strip-shaped light-transmitting region and a strip-shaped light-blocking region, and the strip-shaped light-transmitting region and the strip-shaped light-blocking region extend in the same direction as the strip grating 02.
  • the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional grating and the pixel structure is: the three-dimensional grating can be disposed on the light-emitting side of the pixel structure; or, when the pixel structure is a liquid crystal pixel structure, the three-dimensional grating is also It can be placed on the light incident side of the pixel structure while functioning as a backlight.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional display device including: a pixel structure composed of a plurality of sub-pixels, a three-dimensional grating composed of a plurality of strip-shaped gratings arranged in a row direction; wherein each row of sub-pixels The sub-pixels are aligned, and each sub-pixel of each adjacent two rows of sub-pixels is shifted in the row direction by a width of half of the sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel and the adjacent sub-pixels have different colors; each strip-shaped grating has The extending directions are all the same and have a certain inclination angle with the row direction; each strip grating corresponds to at least two sub-pixels displaying different viewpoint images in each row of sub-pixels.
  • a slanted strip grating in combination with a pixel structure in which the width of a half sub-pixel is shifted in the row direction can reduce the proportion of sub-pixels simultaneously covered by two adjacent strip-shaped gratings, thereby reducing crosstalk and moiré in three-dimensional display.
  • the phenomenon improves the viewing effect of the three-dimensional display.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
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Abstract

一种三维显示装置，包括：由多个子像素（01）构成的像素结构，由多个沿行方向排列的条状光栅（02）构成的三维光栅；其中，每行所述子像素（01）中各子像素（01）对齐排列，每相邻的两行子像素（01）中各子像素（01）之间在列方向上错开半个子像素（01）的位置，每个子像素（01）与相邻的各子像素（01）的颜色各不相同；各所述条状光栅（02）的延伸方向均相同且与所述行方向具有一定的倾斜角度；每个条状光栅（02）对应各行子像素（01）中至少两个显示不同视点图像的子像素（01）。采用倾斜的条状光栅（02）和在列方向各子像素（01）错开半个子像素（01）位置的像素结构，可以减少三维显示时的串扰和摩尔纹现象，提高三维显示的观看效果。

Description

三维显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种三维显示装置。
背景技术
常见的显示屏的像素设计是红绿蓝(RGB)或红绿蓝白(RGBW)设计，即由三个子像素或四个子像素组成一个像素进行显示，其视觉分辨率就是物理分辨率。但是随着客户对显示屏视觉感受的要求越来越高，显示屏的视觉分辨率(PPI)需要不断地增加。目前，一般采用减小像素尺寸的方式来提高显示屏的物理分辨率。然而，随着像素的尺寸越来越小，制作显示屏的工艺难度越来越大。
为了提高显示的视觉分辨率，目前已经发展出了一种两个子像素合成一个像素的技术，即虚拟显示(Pentile)技术。该技术的原理是利用人类视觉系统中对亮度的分辨率是对色度分辨率的几倍，通过借用相邻子像素结合与之对应的算法进行显示。Pentile技术可以实现高分辨率。
目前，随着立体显示技术的快速发展，对三维显示装置有了越来越高的需求，在实现三维显示的众多技术当中，裸眼三维立体显示由于观看者无需佩戴眼镜而倍受青睐。将针对普通像素设计实现裸眼立体显示的三维光栅应用在实现虚拟显示的像素结构上，会产生串扰问题以及摩尔纹现象的问题，极大地影响了三维显示的观看效果。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种三维显示装置，用以减少虚拟像素结构实现三维显示时的串扰和摩尔纹现象。
本发明的实施例提供一种三维显示装置，该三维显示装置包括：由多个子像素构成的像素结构，由多个沿行方向排列的条状光栅构成的三维光栅；其中，每行所述子像素中各所述子像素对齐排列，每相邻的两行所述子像素中各所述子像素之间在行方向上错开半个子像素的宽度，每个所述子像素与相邻的各子像素的颜色各不相同；各所述条状光栅的延伸方向均相同且与所 述行方向具有一定的倾斜角度；每个所述条状光栅对应各行所述子像素中至少两个显示不同视点图像的子像素。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，在各行所述子像素中，每2个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为2:1；或者，每1.5个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2；或者，每1个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为1:1。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为[70°，80°]。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为[71°，77.5°]。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，各所述条状光栅的边缘为折线且位于相邻两个所述子像素之间的间隙处。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，各所述条状光栅的边缘为与所述延伸方向相同的斜线，且所述斜线将与所述边缘重叠的各所述子像素分割成两部分。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，各被分割的所述子像素的分割比例一致。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述边缘和与之重叠的各所述子像素的位于同一位置的顶点重合。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2时，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为71.57°。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每10行所述子像素为重复单元。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述斜线按照被分割的各所述子像素的总分割比例最大化进行分割。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2时，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为75.07°或77.47°。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述倾斜角度为75.07°时，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每16行子像素为重复 单元。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述倾斜角度为75.07°时，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每40行子像素为重复单元。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，以相邻两行所述子像素为一组，在每组所述子像素中列相邻的两个所述子像素显示相同的视点图像。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，被分割的各所述子像素对应于与所占比例大的部分重叠的条状光栅显示视点图像。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，每个所述条状光栅对应各行所述子像素中五个显示不同视点图像的所述子像素。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，间隔行所述子像素中各所述子像素在列方向上对齐排列。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述三维光栅为透镜光栅，所述条状光栅为透镜结构；或，所述三维光栅为狭缝光栅，所述条状光栅为条状透光区域和条状遮光区域的组合。
例如，在本发明的实施例提供的三维显示装置中，所述三维光栅设置在所述像素结构的出光侧；或，所述像素结构为液晶像素结构时，所述三维光栅设置在所述像素结构的入光侧。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种三维显示装置的结构示意图；
图2a-图2c分别为本发明实施例提供的三维显示装置中的像素结构的结构示意图；
图3a和图3b分别为本发明实施例提供的三维显示装置中三维光栅的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的示例一中的部分像素结构的示意图；
图5和图6分别为本发明实施例提供的示例二中的部分像素结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的实施例提供一种三维显示装置，如图1所示，该显示装置包括：由多个子像素01构成的像素结构，以及由多个沿着行方向排列的条状光栅02构成的三维光栅。
例如，图2a-2c为本发明实施例提供的三维显示装置中像素结构的结构示意图，每行子像素01中各子像素01上、下边对齐，沿行方向紧密排列。在列方向上，相邻的两行子像素平行且紧密排列。在每相邻的两行子像素01中，子像素01在行方向上错开半个子像素的宽度，每个子像素01与相邻的各子像素01的颜色各不相同，即在行方向或者列方向上只要两个子像素01相邻，这两个子像素01的颜色就不一样。例如，在图2a-2c中，A、B、C分别表示三种不同的颜色。
例如，图3a和图3b分别为本发明实施例提供的三维显示装置中三维光栅的结构示意图，各条状光栅02的延伸方向均相同且与行方向具有一定的倾斜角度，每个条状光栅至少对应同一行子像素01中两个显示不同视点图像的子像素01。
在本发明的实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中，采用倾斜的条状光栅02配合在行方向各子像素01错开半个子像素宽度的像素结构，可以降低同时被相邻的两个条状光栅覆盖的子像素的比例，从而可以降低三维显示时的串扰和摩尔纹现象，提高三维显示的观看效果。
进一步地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置的像素结构中，如图2a-2c所示，间隔行的子像素01中各子像素01在列方向上对齐排列，以保证像素结构整体为矩形结构。并且，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置的像素结构尤其适用于长度大于宽度的横屏。
在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置的像素结构中，可以采用虚拟像素结构设计，由相邻的最多两个子像素01组成一个方形像素单元，之后在进行显示时以配合虚拟算法，实现虚拟显示，这样在不减小像素尺寸的前提下可以灵活地运用子像素01的选择性开启，以较少的像素显示同样的信 息，从而提高显示图像的输出分辨率。例如，如图2a所示，每行子像素01中由每2个子像素01组成一个方形像素单元(虚线框所示)，各子像素01的长宽比为2:1；如图2b所示，每行子像素01中由每1.5个子像素01组成一个方形像素单元(虚线框所示)，各子像素01的长宽比为3:2；如图2c所示，每行子像素01中由1个子像素01组成一个方形像素单元(虚线框所示)，各子像素01的长宽比为1:1。下面均以图2b所示的各子像素01的长宽比为3:2为例进行说明。
例如，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中，条状光栅02的延伸方向与行方向的倾斜角度为[70°，80°]时，可以具有较佳地减少摩尔纹现象的效果。进一步地，条状光栅02的延伸方向与水平方向的倾斜角度为[71°，77.5°]为佳。并且，在设计三维光栅中的各条状光栅02时，其倾斜方向可以是如图3a和图3b所示向左倾斜，也可以是向右倾斜，在此不做限定。下面均以条状光栅02向左倾斜为例进行说明。
例如，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置的三维光栅中，一种实现方式为：如图3a所示，各条状光栅02的边缘可以为折线且位于相邻两个子像素01之间的间隙处，即条状光栅02的边缘不会将子像素01分割成两部分，这样就避免了串扰问题，而采用这种边缘为折线的方式制作条状光栅02时，对于制作精度的要求以及对位精度的要求较高。此时，各条状光栅02的延伸方向为条状光栅02中上下两端顶点的连线方向(图3a中虚线所示)。
例如，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置的三维光栅中，另一种实现方式为：如图3b所示，各条状光栅02的边缘为与延伸方向相同的斜线，且斜线将与边缘重叠的各子像素01分割成两部分。
在综合考虑低串扰、低摩尔纹现象，以及具有较优的连续观看角度后，如图1所示，每个条状光栅02在对应各行子像素01中的五个显示不同视点图像的子像素01时，同时具有较低的三维串扰、较少的摩尔纹以及较优的连续观看角度，其中这五个子像素01分别显示五个视点图像，图1中以1、2、3、4和5表示五个视点图像。例如，如图1所示，在同一行子像素01中，1、2、3、4和5表示同一个条纹光栅覆盖的不同的子像素01显示的视点图像。在每行子像素01中，起始子像素01显示的视点图像会有所不同。
下面通过两个示例说明。
示例一：在设计各条状光栅02的边缘时，如图4所示，将其设计为斜线将与边缘重叠的各子像素01分割成两部分，各被分割的子像素01的分割比例一致。即与边缘重叠的各子像素01被分割成a和b两部分后，在各子像素01中a部分形状均相同，同样b部分形状也均相同。被分割的各子像素01理论上对应于与所占比例大的部分重叠的条状光栅02显示视点图像。例如，如图4所示，a部分所占比例大于b部分所占比例，则该子像素01对应于与a部分重叠的条状光栅02，且属于该条状光栅02的视点图像。
例如，为了尽量降低串扰，应使各子像素01被分割成的a和b两部分的面积比尽量大。如图4所示，斜线的边缘应与重叠的各子像素01中位于同一位置的顶点重合。在图4中为斜线的边缘与重叠的各子像素01的左上顶点重合。
例如，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中，各子像素01的长宽比为3:2时，条状光栅02的延伸方向与水平方向的倾斜角度为71.57°。像素结构中各子像素显示的视点图像以每10行子像素为重复单元。例如，以每相邻两行子像素为一组，在每组中列相邻的两个子像素显示相同的视点图像。以一个条状光栅02对应每行子像素01中的五个子像素01为例，在每行子像素01中，对应同一个条纹光栅的各子像素01显示的视点图像按照1、2、3、4、5的顺序排列。每一行的起始子像素01所显示的视点图像按照下表1所示的以每10行为一个重复单元显示视点图像。根据图1可以得到如下表格。
行数 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
视点图像 1 1 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2
表1
示例二：在设计各条状光栅02的边缘时，如图5和图6所示，将其设计为斜线按照被分割的各子像素01的总分割比例最大化进行分割，即与边缘重叠的各子像素01被分割成的面积较大的a部分总和与面积较小的b部分总和的总比例越大越好。
例如，如图5所示，以间隔一行的在列方向对齐排列的两个子像素01的对角顶点的连线设置条状光栅02的边缘。当各子像素01的长宽比为3:2时，条状光栅02的延伸方向与水平方向的倾斜角度为77.47°。此时，像素结 构中各子像素显示的视点图像以每16行子像素为重复单元，进一步地，以每相邻两行子像素为一组，在每组中列相邻的两个子像素显示相同的视点图像。以一个条状光栅02对应每行子像素01中的五个子像素01为例，在每行子像素01中，对应同一个条纹光栅结构的各子像素01显示的视点图像按照1、2、3、4、5的顺序排列。而每一行的起始子像素01所显示的视点图像按照下表2所示的以每16行为一个重复单元显示视点图像。
行数 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
视点图像 1 1 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1
表2
例如，如图6所示，以间隔三行的在列方向相邻排列的两个子像素01的对角顶点的连线设置条状光栅02的边缘，此时，各子像素01的长宽比为3:2，条状光栅02的延伸方向与水平方向的倾斜角度为75.07°。例如，像素结构中各子像素显示的视点图像以每40行子像素为重复单元，进一步地，以每相邻两行子像素为一组，在每组中列相邻的两个子像素显示相同的视点图像。以一个条状光栅02对应每行子像素01中的五个子像素01为例，在每行子像素01中，对应同一个条纹光栅结构的各子像素01显示的视点图像按照1、2、3、4、5顺序排列。而每一行的起始子像素01所显示的视点图像按照下表3所示的以每40行为一个重复单元显示视点图像。
行数 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
视点图像 1 1 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 1
行数 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
视点图像 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1
行数 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40    
视点图像 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1    
表3
例如，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中，三维光栅例如可以为透镜光栅，相应地，组成三维光栅的各条状光栅02为透镜结构，例如， 可以采用液晶透镜实现其透镜功能。或者，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中的三维光栅可以为狭缝光栅，例如，组成三维光栅的各条状光栅02为条状透光区域和条状遮光区域的组合，即一个条状光栅02由一个条状透光区域和一个条状遮光区域组成，且条状透光区域和条状遮光区域的延伸方向与条状光栅02的延伸方向一致。
例如，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示装置中的三维光栅和像素结构的层级关系为：三维光栅可以设置在像素结构的出光侧；或者，当像素结构为液晶像素结构时，三维光栅也可以设置在像素结构的入光侧，同时起到背光源的作用。
本发明实施例提供一种三维显示装置，该三维显示装置包括：由多个子像素构成的像素结构，由多个沿行方向排列的条状光栅构成的三维光栅；其中，每行子像素中各子像素对齐排列，每相邻的两行子像素中各子像素之间在行方向上错开半个子像素的宽度，每个子像素与相邻的各子像素的颜色各不相同；各条状光栅的延伸方向均相同且与行方向具有一定的倾斜角度；每个条状光栅对应各行子像素中至少两个显示不同视点图像的子像素。采用倾斜的条状光栅配合在行方向上错开半个子像素的宽度的像素结构，可以降低同时被相邻的两个条状光栅覆盖的子像素的比例，因而减少了三维显示时的串扰和摩尔纹现象，提高了三维显示的观看效果。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。如果这些修改或变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动或变型在内。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本发明的保护范围，本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。
本申请要求于2016年1月26日递交的中国专利申请第201610052314.5号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种三维显示装置，包括：
    由多个子像素构成的像素结构，
    由多个沿行方向排列的条状光栅构成的三维光栅；其中，
    每行所述子像素中各所述子像素对齐排列，每相邻的两行所述子像素中各所述子像素之间在行方向上错开半个子像素的宽度，每个所述子像素与相邻的各子像素的颜色各不相同；
    各所述条状光栅的延伸方向均相同且与所述行方向具有一定的倾斜角度；每个所述条状光栅对应各行所述子像素中至少两个显示不同视点图像的子像素。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的三维显示装置，其中，
    在各行所述子像素中，每2个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为2:1；或者，每1.5个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2；或者，每1个所述子像素组成一个方形像素单元，各所述子像素的长宽比为1:1。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为[70°，80°]。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为[71°，77.5°]。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的三维显示装置，其中，各所述条状光栅的边缘为折线且位于相邻两个所述子像素之间的间隙处。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的三维显示装置，其中，各所述条状光栅的边缘为与所述延伸方向相同的斜线，且所述斜线将与所述边缘重叠的各所述子像素分割成两部分。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的三维显示装置，其中，各被分割的所述子像素的分割比例一致。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述边缘和与之重叠的各所述子像素的位于同一位置的顶点重合。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的三维显示装置，其中，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2时，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为71.57°。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每10行所述子像素为重复单元。
  11. 如权利要求6所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述斜线按照被分割的各所述子像素的总分割比例最大化进行分割。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的三维显示装置，其中，各所述子像素的长宽比为3:2时，所述条状光栅的延伸方向与所述行方向的倾斜角度为75.07°或77.47°。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述倾斜角度为75.07°时，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每16行子像素为重复单元。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述倾斜角度为75.07°时，所述像素结构中各所述子像素显示的视点图像以每40行子像素为重复单元。
  15. 如权利要求10、13或14所述的三维显示装置，其中，以相邻两行所述子像素为一组，在每组所述子像素中列相邻的两个所述子像素显示相同的视点图像。
  16. 如权利要求6-14中任一项所述的三维显示装置，其中，被分割的各所述子像素对应于与所占比例大的部分重叠的条状光栅显示视点图像。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的三维显示装置，其中，每个所述条状光栅对应各行所述子像素中五个显示不同视点图像的所述子像素。
  18. 如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的三维显示装置，其中，间隔行所述子像素中各所述子像素在列方向上对齐排列。
  19. 如权利要求1-18中任一项所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述三维光栅为透镜光栅，所述条状光栅为透镜结构；或，所述三维光栅为狭缝光栅，所述条状光栅为条状透光区域和条状遮光区域的组合。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的三维显示装置，其中，所述三维光栅设置在所述像素结构的出光侧；或，所述像素结构为液晶像素结构时，所述三维光栅设置在所述像素结构的入光侧。
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