WO2017122288A1

WO2017122288A1 - Coolant apparatus for machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2017122288A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/050781
Authority: WO
Inventors: 鈴木淳
Original assignee: 富士機械製造株式会社
Priority date: 2016-01-13
Filing date: 2016-01-13
Publication date: 2017-07-20
Also published as: JP6698106B2; JPWO2017122288A1

Abstract

A coolant apparatus of a machine tool (5) for cooling heat-generating sites, wherein the apparatus repeatedly recovers coolant liquid, which has been supplied into a workpiece machining chamber (8), in a coolant tank (37), and supplies same into the machining chamber (8) using a pump (42). The apparatus comprises: coolant pipes (431-433) configuring a coolant flow channel for delivering coolant liquid in the coolant tank (37) to a supply position in the machining chamber (8); one or more cooling blocks (45, 46), which are disposed on the coolant pipes (431-433), in which a flow channel (458) configuring a portion of the coolant flow channel is formed, and which are formed from a material with good thermal conductivity; and a temperature-adjusting device (41) for cooling the coolant liquid to be supplied into the machining chamber (8).

Description

Coolant equipment for machine tools

The present invention relates to a coolant device for a machine tool having an in-machine cooling function for adjusting a temperature of a coolant liquid that is repeatedly used to cool a heat generation portion in the machine by using the coolant liquid.

In machine tools, coolant liquid lowers the heat of machining and is used as a cooling liquid to drain chips from the machining area. However, since the coolant liquid is returned to the coolant tank and repeatedly used, the temperature gradually increases due to processing heat, which adversely affects the processing of the machine tool. For example, thermal deformation occurs in the bed due to the temperature difference between the coolant liquid and the bed in contact with the coolant liquid, and the relative position between the workpiece mounting portion and the tool table with the cutting tool changes, and the processing accuracy is reduced. It will decline. With respect to this point, in Patent Document 1 below, not only the coolant liquid is supplied to the cutting area of the workpiece, but also a part of the coolant liquid is also supplied to the coolant flow passage formed in the bed. A machine is disclosed. Thereby, there is almost no temperature difference between the temperature on the bed side and the coolant liquid supplied to the cutting region.

JP 2000-135640 A

However, the conventional example of the above publication has a problem of thermal displacement due to a temperature difference between the coolant and the base, but there are other thermal displacements in the machine tool. These include a spindle portion constituting a machine tool and a drive portion for driving a tool table. The spindle portion and the drive portion themselves generate heat and are thermally deformed to cause thermal displacement at the machining position, which causes the machining dimension of the workpiece to become unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures against thermal displacement at each heat generation point, but if a new cooling structure is added, it is not only costly but also difficult to incorporate in a narrow internal space of a machine tool. Therefore, it is desired to stabilize the processing dimension by thermal displacement while suppressing an increase in cost without adding a new cooling structure.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a coolant device for a machine tool that cools a heat generation portion in order to solve such a problem.

A coolant device for a machine tool according to an aspect of the present invention recovers coolant liquid supplied into a workpiece processing chamber into a coolant tank and repeatedly supplies the coolant into the processing chamber by a pump. A coolant pipe for forming a coolant flow path for sending a coolant liquid to a supply position in the processing chamber, and a heat pipe that is connected to the coolant pipe and has a flow path that forms part of the coolant flow path. One or two or more cooling blocks made of a good material, and a temperature adjusting device for cooling the coolant liquid supplied into the processing chamber.

According to the present invention, the coolant liquid collected in the coolant tank is cooled by the temperature adjusting device and repeatedly sent into the processing chamber by the pump. The coolant pipe extending from the pump to the processing chamber is provided with one or two or more cooling blocks made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the cooling block is formed by coolant liquid flowing through a flow path formed inside. Chilled. For this reason, the cooling block is attached to the heat generating portion of the machine tool, so that heat is taken away by the coolant liquid that constantly flows during processing, and thermal deformation during processing is suppressed.

It is the perspective view which showed the processing machine line comprised by arranging a plurality of machine tools. It is the perspective view which showed the internal structure of the machine tool mounted in the base. It is the side view which showed the internal structure of the machine tool. It is the figure which showed one Embodiment of the coolant apparatus of a machine tool. It is the cross-sectional perspective view which showed the cooling block.

Next, an embodiment relating to a coolant device for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a processing machine line configured by arranging a plurality of machine tools according to the present embodiment. In the processing machine line 1, six machine tools 5 are mounted on a base 2 serving as a base. The six machine tools 5 are all NC lathes of the same type, and have the same outer shape and dimensions. The machine tool 5 is covered with an exterior cover 6, and a processing chamber closed for each machine tool 5 is formed inside. A front work 7 constitutes a work transfer chamber 70 (see FIG. 3) in the front, and a work transfer device for delivering the work to each machine tool 5 is installed therein.

In the processing machine line 1, three bases 2 are arranged close to each other in the width direction, and machine tools 5 mounted on the base 2 two by two are arranged in close proximity to each other. The processing machine line 1 of the present embodiment is designed to be very compact as a whole, and each machine tool 5 has a compact configuration with a reduced width dimension. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the machine tool 5 mounted on the base 2. In particular, a state in which the processing module 10 forming the main body of the machine tool 5 is placed on the carriage 100 and pulled out to the rear of the base 2 is shown. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the internal structure of the machine tool 5.

The machine tool 5 has a machining module 10 mounted on the base 2 and is covered with an exterior cover 6 as shown in FIG. Although only one processing module 10 is shown in FIG. 2, two processing modules 10 can be mounted on the base 2. Accordingly, the base 2 is provided with two rails 201 in accordance with the width of the processing module 10. The processing module 10 is provided on a movable bed 11 having wheels, and is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction on the base 2 along the rail 201.

The processing module 10 is a turret lathe including a tool base 15 on which a rotary tool such as an end mill or a drill or a cutting tool such as a cutting tool is mounted. Therefore, the machining module 10 includes a headstock 12 having a chuck 13 for gripping and holding a workpiece, a turret device 14 having a tool table 15, and an X axis for moving the turret device 14 along the X axis and the Z axis. A driving device 16, a Z-axis driving device 17, and a machining control device 18 for controlling each driving device are provided.

Here, the Z-axis is a horizontal axis parallel to the rotation axis (main axis) of the headstock 12 that rotates the workpiece, and is in the front-rear direction of the processing module 10. The X axis is a movement axis that is orthogonal to the Z axis and moves the tool of the turret device 14 forward and backward with respect to the Z axis, and is a vertical vertical direction in this embodiment. And the left-right width direction of the processing module 10 orthogonal to the main axis is the Y-axis direction. In correspondence with FIG. 1, the front-rear direction of the processing machine line 1 is the Z-axis direction, and the width direction in which a plurality of machine tools 5 are arranged is the Y-axis direction. The vertical vertical direction is the X-axis direction.

The machining module 10 has a headstock 12 fixed on a movable bed 11. A main spindle 12 is rotatably assembled with a main spindle arranged in the front-rear direction, a chuck mechanism including a chuck 13 is formed in the front, and a rotation transmission mechanism 20 that transmits the rotation of the servo motor 19 to the main spindle is provided in the rear. It is configured. A column 21 is fixed adjacent to the headstock 12, and an X-axis drive device 16 that moves the turret device 14 in the X-axis direction relative to the column 21 and a Z-axis drive that moves the column 21 in the Z-axis direction. The device 17 is assembled. Specifically, an X-axis slider 22 is slidably attached to a vertical guide rail formed on the column 21. In particular, the X-axis slider 22 is disposed above the headstock 12 in order to suppress the width dimension of the processing module 10.

A servo motor 23 for raising and lowering the X-axis slider 22 is fixed to the upper part of the column 21, and a screw shaft 25 that rotates in response to the output is arranged in the vertical direction. A nut is provided inside the X-axis slider 22, and a screw shaft 25 is screwed to the nut to constitute a ball screw mechanism. A Z-axis slider 27 is attached to the X-axis slider 22 so as to be slidable in the horizontal direction, and the turret device 14 is integrally formed at the front end thereof. A support frame 31 is fixed to the X-axis slider 22 on the rear side of the Z-axis slider 27, and a servo motor 32 is attached thereto. Further, a screw shaft 33 that is rotated by a servo motor 32 is rotatably supported on the support frame 31, and a ball screw mechanism is configured by being screwed into a nut inside the Z-axis slider 27.

In the machine tool 5, the spindle is rotated by driving the servo motor 19 for the spindle, and the workpiece held by the chuck 13 is rotated. The turret device 14 selects a predetermined tool from a plurality of tools attached to the tool table 15 by turning indexing. Then, the X-axis servomotor 23 is driven to rotate the screw shaft 25, and the X-axis slider 22 is moved up and down to adjust the height of the tool with respect to the workpiece. Subsequently, the Z-axis servomotor 32 is driven, and the Z-axis slider 27 is moved in the horizontal direction by the rotation of the screw shaft 25, so that, for example, cutting or boring processing is performed on a workpiece rotated by a cutting tool. Is done. At that time, in the processing chamber 8 of the machine tool 5, coolant liquid is sprayed onto the processing point, and lubrication for the processing, washing of chips, and the like are performed.

The coolant liquid is sprayed on the cutting portion of the cutting tool, which is a processing point for the workpiece, and is also supplied to a storage tank inlet 35 formed immediately below the processing chamber 8. That is, the machine tool 5 is provided with a storage tank in which chips and coolant can be stored inside the base 2, and an inlet 35 to the inside of the storage tank is formed directly under the processing chamber 8. Therefore, the chips and the like that have fallen around the charging port 35 are poured into the storage tank by the coolant liquid so that the chips and the like do not remain around the charging port 35 corresponding to the bottom of the processing chamber 8. .

In the machine tool 5 of the present embodiment, a screw conveyor is incorporated in a storage tank, and chips are scraped and collected by rotation of the screw, while coolant liquid flows out to the coolant tank 37 outside the storage tank and is collected. . Then, the coolant liquid that has returned to the coolant tank 37 is regenerated through the filter and is repeatedly used by being supplied again to the processing point by the pump 42.

¡Coolant liquid is used for lubrication at the processing point and washing of chips, etc. In addition to such applications, it also has the use of reducing heat generated by processing to prevent thermal deformation. However, in the case of cooling with the coolant liquid, although the cooling effect can be obtained at the portion where the coolant liquid is directly sprayed or the vicinity thereof, the coolant liquid cannot be sprayed on all the heat generating portions in the machine. In addition, since the temperature of the coolant rises due to repeated use, the coolant is sprayed on the bed, which causes thermal deformation.

Therefore, in consideration of this point, the coolant device of the present embodiment adopts a configuration that can obtain a sufficient cooling effect by the coolant liquid. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the internal structure of the machine tool 5, particularly a view showing a coolant device. In particular, a flow path for injecting the coolant liquid to the charging port 35 portion of the storage tank is shown.

The coolant device of the present embodiment is provided with a temperature adjusting device 41 for adjusting the temperature of the coolant liquid that is repeatedly used. A coolant tank 37 provided in the base 2 is formed with a temperature adjustment tank 38 for storing coolant liquid from which chips and the like are removed through a filter. A temperature adjustment device 41 is provided for the temperature adjustment tank 38. Is connected. The temperature adjustment device 41 is configured to function as a refrigerant by suppressing the temperature rise of the coolant liquid, and circulates the cooled coolant liquid between the temperature adjustment tank 38.

A pump 42 is connected to the temperature adjustment tank 38, and coolant pipes 431 to 433 for sending the coolant liquid to the processing chamber 8 are connected to the output port of the pump 42. The coolant pipes 431 to 433 are configured to be provided with one or more cooling blocks that function as heat sinks. In the case of this embodiment, two

cooling blocks

45 and 46 are provided. Although the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are attached to the heat generating part of the machine tool 5, they are attached to two parts of the headstock 12 and the X-axis drive device 16 in this embodiment. The headstock 12 has a cooling block 45 attached to the bearing portion 51 of the main shaft, and the X-axis drive device 16 has a cooling block 46 attached to the bearing portion 52 of the screw shaft 25.

The cooling blocks 45 and 46 are configured to enhance the cooling effect. Specifically, the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are block bodies made of aluminum having excellent thermal conductivity, and a flow path through which a coolant liquid whose temperature is adjusted is formed. The flow path is formed so that the coolant liquid flows through the cooling blocks 45 and 46 for a long distance, and is formed so that the flow direction changes depending on the folded portion. Further, the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are formed so as to be in close contact with the mounting surface of the mounting location and to contact in a wide area. Here, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the cooling block 45, and in particular, a cross section in which the internal flow path is seen is shown.

In the headstock 12 where the cooling block 45 is attached, the side surface of the bearing portion 51 is a circumferential surface. Therefore, the cooling block 45 is formed by a curved surface 451 that matches the mounting surface of the headstock 12 and other flat surfaces. On the other hand, the bearing portion 52 of the X-axis drive device 16 that is the attachment location of the cooling block 46 is a flat surface. Therefore, the cooling block 46 has a simple rectangular parallelepiped shape. Each of the cooling blocks 45 and 46 has an input port and an output port, and a flow path connecting the two ports is formed inside. Since the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are cooled by the coolant liquid flowing inside, the folded flow path is formed with a longer flow distance so that the contact surface with the coolant liquid becomes larger.

For example, in the cooling block 45, an input port 452 and an output port 453 are formed on the same side surface, and a flow path 458 having three turns is formed. In this embodiment, the flow path 458 is formed by drilling, and therefore the cooling block 45 is divided into two blocks, an upper block 455 and a lower block 456. In the upper block 455 and the lower block 456, unnecessary openings are closed by plug members after drilling, and the flow path 458 is a single flow path. The upper block 455 and the lower block 456 are combined together by bolting or the like, and a sealing process using an O-ring 48 is performed on a connection portion of the flow path 458. On the other hand, since the cooling block 46 has a small volume, a flow path 458 having one turn is formed. In this case, after opening a hole in one block, an unnecessary opening is closed by the plug member 49 to form one flow path 458.

In the machine tool 5, the heat generation amount of the bearing portion 51 of the headstock 12 is larger than that of the bearing portion 52 of the X-axis drive device 16, and the bearing portion 51 of the headstock 12 is closer to the machining point. Is big. Therefore, the cooling block 45 is directly connected to the pump 42 by the coolant pipe 431 so that the low-temperature coolant liquid whose temperature is adjusted flows. A cooling block 46 is provided downstream of the cooling block 45 and is connected by a coolant pipe 432. Further, a coolant pipe 433 is connected to the output port of the cooling block 46, and the coolant pipe 433 extends to the processing chamber 8.

Therefore, in the machine tool 5, as described above, the cutting tool is applied to the rotating workpiece and predetermined processing is performed. At that time, the coolant liquid sent out by driving the pump 42 is sprayed to the processing point, and also sprayed to the inlet 35 of the storage tank as shown in FIG. The coolant liquid that is used repeatedly increases its own temperature by taking heat away from the processing point. However, in the present embodiment, the coolant liquid that has flowed down to the storage tank is sent from the coolant tank 37 to the temperature adjustment tank 38, and is cooled by being circulated between the temperature adjustment device 41. The temperature of the coolant is adjusted so that the temperature does not rise in this way.

The cooled coolant liquid is sent out from the temperature adjustment tank 38 by the pump 42 and flows from the coolant pipe 431 to the cooling block 45. Then, it passes through the folded flow path 458 formed in the cooling block 45 and flows from the coolant pipe 432 to the second cooling block 46. Also in the cooling block 46, it passes through the return flow path and flows to the coolant pipe 433, and is ejected into the processing chamber 8 and flows down to the charging port 35 of the storage tank. During processing of the machine tool 5, the bearing

portions

51 and 52 such as the headstock 12 generate heat by rotation. However, the heat is transmitted to the cooling blocks 45 and 46 that are in contact with the bearing

portions

51 and 52, and heat exchange is performed between the cooling blocks 45 and 46 and the coolant flowing through the flow path 458 and the like.

Therefore, according to the machine tool 5 of the present embodiment, by mounting the coolant device provided with the cooling blocks 45 and 46, the heat generated in the bearing portion 51 of the bearing base 12 and the like is taken away by the coolant liquid, so that the machining tool 5 The thermal deformation of is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the machining dimension of the workpiece as compared with the conventional machine tool. In addition, since the coolant apparatus is only slightly improved without significantly changing the configuration from the conventional machine tool, the above-described effects can be achieved with reduced costs. In addition, the inside of the exterior cover 6 of the machine tool 5 has a configuration in which only the cooling blocks 45 and 46 and the coolant pipe 432 connecting the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are added compared to the conventional configuration. Can be installed in space.

Moreover, the coolant apparatus of this embodiment can make the coolant liquid sent out from the pump 42 stably to a predetermined temperature by circulating the coolant liquid between the temperature adjustment tank 38 and the temperature adjustment apparatus 41. it can. For example, if a temperature sensor is installed at a heat generation location and the drive of the temperature adjustment device 41 is controlled based on the measured value, the coolant liquid can be sent out at an appropriate temperature. Furthermore, since the cooling block 45 is formed in a shape matching the mounting surface of the headstock 12 and is in contact with a wide surface, more heat can be taken from the heat generating portion. In addition, since the cooling blocks 45 and 46 are made of aluminum having excellent thermal conductivity and are formed with a long channel 458, efficient heat exchange with the coolant liquid can be performed.

As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
For example, in the Z-axis drive device 17, the bearing portion 53 of the screw shaft 33 serves as a heat generating portion, but the Z-axis drive device 17 is mounted on the X-axis slider 22 and moves up and down. is not. However, a cooling block may also be attached to the bearing portion 53 and connected by a flexible tube so that the bearing portion 53 is deformed so as not to obstruct the up and down.

The two

cooling blocks

45 and 46 are connected by a single flow path, but may be configured such that a coolant liquid flows through different flow paths by connecting separate coolant pipes.
The cooling block that functions as a heat sink uses aluminum having good heat transfer characteristics as a material, but may be other metal such as iron or copper.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machining machine line 2 ... Base 5 ... Machine tool 12 ... Spindle base 15 ... Tool stand 16 ... X-axis drive device 17 ... Z-axis drive device 37 ... Coolant tank 38 ... Temperature adjustment tank 41 ... Temperature adjustment device 42 ... Pump 431 to 433 ...

Coolant pipes

45, 46 ... Cooling blocks 51, 52 ... Bearings

Claims

In the coolant device of the machine tool that collects the coolant liquid supplied into the workpiece processing chamber into the coolant tank and repeats supply to the processing chamber by a pump,
A coolant pipe constituting a coolant flow path for sending the coolant liquid in the coolant tank to a supply position in the processing chamber;
One or two or more cooling blocks made of a material with good thermal conductivity, which is piped to the coolant pipe and has a flow path forming a part of the coolant flow path,
A coolant device for a machine tool, comprising: a temperature adjusting device for cooling a coolant liquid supplied into the processing chamber.
The coolant device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the cooling block is attached to a heat generation location inside the machine tool, and is formed in a shape corresponding to the heat generation location.
The coolant device for a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling block is made of aluminum, and a flow path whose direction is changed is formed inside.
4. The coolant device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjusting device adjusts the temperature of a coolant liquid in the coolant tank.
The machine tool is
A movable bed that can be moved back and forth on the base;
A main shaft provided such that an axial direction thereof is a front-rear direction with respect to the main shaft base fixed to the movable bed;
A tool table that is located on the front side of the spindle and includes a tool for machining a workpiece held by the spindle;
A main shaft direction parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft, and a drive device that moves the tool table in a vertical direction perpendicular to the main shaft direction,
The work according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling block is a first cooling block attached to the headstock and a second cooling block attached to the drive unit. Mechanical coolant device.