JP2009214187A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress elevation of an atmospheric temperature in a main spindle head due to heat generation of a main spindle motor and to enhance durability of a grease filled on a slide surface of a bearing arranged on an outer peripheral part of a main spindle in a machine tool. <P>SOLUTION: The machine tool is provided with: a motor mounting member 23 provided on an upper end part of a main spindle head frame 20; an air flowing passage 30 formed on a part neighboring to a lower end of the main spindle motor 21 through the main spindle motor 21 and the motor mounting member 23; a pressurization air feeding port 23a for feeding pressurization air to the air flowing passage 30; an air discharge port 24a communicated with the air flowing passage 30; and a partition member 24 made of ceramics provided on a lower side of the motor mounting member 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool including a spindle head having a spindle motor that drives the spindle, and more particularly to a configuration that suppresses an increase in ambient temperature in the spindle head due to heat generated by the spindle motor.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, machine tools include a column erected on a base and a spindle head that can be raised and lowered with respect to the column. In such a machine tool, based on a machining program, the spindle on which the tool is mounted is rotated by the spindle motor, the table is moved in the X and Y directions by the X axis motor and the Y axis motor, and the spindle head is moved by the Z axis motor. By moving up and down, the workpiece is subjected to various processes such as tapping, drilling, and spot facing.

  When machining the workpiece, the ambient temperature in the spindle head rises due to the heat generated by the spindle motor. Therefore, the upper and lower bearings on the outer periphery of the spindle, especially the upper bearing located near the spindle motor The temperature rises. Therefore, there is a problem that the durability of the grease filled on the sliding surface of the bearing is lowered.

In the machine tool head and the machine tool described in Patent Document 1, a blower is provided in the connecting portion of the head body, a through hole formed by one large cavity and eight small through holes, a communication port, and a hollow A fluid flow path composed of a part and a passage hole is formed in the connection part, and the air blown from the blower flows through the fluid flow path to cool the connection part.
JP 2006-142385 A

By the way, when cutting with a machine tool, cutting is performed with a tool while supplying a cutting fluid to a cutting portion of a metal workpiece. However, in Patent Document 1, eight small penetrating holes are formed in the lower portion of the connecting portion of the head body. Since the holes are formed, it is considered that the spray of the cutting fluid supplied to the cutting site of the workpiece enters the connecting portion of the head main body through these small through holes.
In this case, when the cutting fluid that has entered the connecting portion enters the main shaft, the grease filled in the sliding surface of the main shaft bearing flows out, so that the bearing may be damaged by the rotation of the main shaft.

  The object of the present invention is to suppress the increase in the ambient temperature in the spindle head due to the heat generated by the spindle motor in the machine tool, and to improve the durability of the grease filled in the sliding surface of the bearing disposed on the outer periphery of the spindle. It is to improve.

  The machine tool of claim 1 is a machine tool comprising a spindle head having a spindle, a spindle head machine frame that supports the spindle, and a spindle motor that is mounted on the spindle head machine frame and drives the spindle. A motor mounting member provided at the upper end of the spindle head machine frame, an air flow passage formed near the lower end of the spindle motor via the spindle motor and the motor mounting member, and pressurizing the air flow passage A pressurized air supply port for supplying air and an air exhaust port communicating with the air flow passage are provided.

  In this machine tool, when pressurized air is supplied from a pressurized air supply port during processing of a workpiece, the pressurized air flows toward an air flow passage formed through a spindle motor and an attachment member. The supplied air flows through the air flow passage and is then exhausted to the outside through the air exhaust port. While the air is flowing through the air flow passage, the lower end portion of the spindle motor is cooled, so that an increase in the ambient temperature in the spindle head is suppressed.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the machine tool according to the first aspect, wherein the air flow passage includes a flat annular first passage between the lower end of the spindle motor and the motor mounting member, and an annular communication with the first passage. The second passage is included.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the machine tool according to the first or second aspect of the present invention is the ceramic partition member for blocking the movement of the heat on the main shaft motor side toward the main shaft below the motor mounting member. It is characterized by providing.

  A machine tool according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the pressurized air supply port is formed in the motor mounting member.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a motor mounting member provided at the upper end of the spindle head machine frame, an air flow passage formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the spindle motor via the spindle motor and the motor mounting member, Since it has a pressurized air supply port for supplying pressurized air to the flow passage and an air exhaust port connected to the air flow passage, pressurized air is supplied from the pressurized air supply port and added to the air flow passage. By flowing the pressurized air, the lower end portion of the spindle motor can be cooled. Thereby, the rise in the ambient temperature in the spindle head can be suppressed, and the durability of the grease filled in the upper bearing in the spindle is improved.

  Since the air after flowing through the air flow passage can be exhausted from the air exhaust port, the air after cooling the spindle motor does not stay in the air flow passage. Therefore, the cooling effect by the pressurized air can be further enhanced. The air flow passage is formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the spindle motor, and the air exhaust port is provided at the upper part of the spindle head. do not do.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the air flow passage includes a flat annular first passage between the lower end of the main shaft motor and the motor mounting member, and an annular second passage communicated with the first passage. Therefore, the air flow passage can be formed by effectively using the space on the lower end side of the spindle motor, and the apparatus does not increase in size.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the ceramic partition member for blocking the heat on the main shaft motor side from moving toward the main shaft is provided below the motor mounting member, the heat insulating effect on the main shaft is remarkably improved. The temperature rise of the upper bearing in the main shaft can be further suppressed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the pressurized air supply port is formed in the motor mounting member, the distance from the pressurized air supply port to the air flow passage is shortened, and the air is supplied before flowing into the air flow passage. Can be prevented from rising. Therefore, the cooling effect by the pressurized air can be further enhanced.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a machine tool 1 includes a column 4 that is fixed to the upper surface of a column seat 3 on the rear portion of a base 2 and extends vertically upward, and a spindle head 10 that can be raised and lowered along the front surface of the column 4. And a table 7 which is provided at the upper part of the base 2 and detachably fixes the workpiece. A box-like control box 5 is provided on the back side of the column 4.

Next, the moving mechanism of the table 7 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the table 7 is driven by an X-axis motor (not shown) and a Y-axis motor (not shown) made up of servomotors in the X-axis direction (the left-right direction of the machine tool 1) and the Y-axis direction (machine tool). 1 in the depth direction). This moving mechanism has the following configuration.
First, a rectangular parallelepiped support base 6 is provided below the table 7. A pair of X-axis feed guides extending along the X-axis direction are provided on the upper surface of the support base 6, and the table 7 is movably supported on the pair of X-axis feed guides.

  The support base 6 is provided on the upper part of the base 2 and is movably supported on a pair of Y-axis feed guides extending along the longitudinal direction of the base 2. Thus, the table 7 is driven to move in the X-axis direction along the X-axis feed guide by the X-axis motor provided on the base 2, and along the Y-axis feed guide by the Y-axis motor provided on the base 2. It is driven to move in the Y-axis direction.

Next, the elevating mechanism of the spindle head 10 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spindle head 10 includes a spindle 11, a spindle head machine frame 20 that supports the spindle 11, a spindle motor 21 mounted on the spindle head machine frame 20, and the like.
The spindle head machine frame 20 is supported by a guide rail extending in the vertical direction on the front side of the column 4 so as to be movable up and down via a linear guide. The spindle head machine casing 20 is connected to a feed screw extending in the vertical direction on the front side of the column 4 with a nut. The spindle head machine frame 20 is driven up and down in the vertical direction by rotationally driving the feed screw in the forward and reverse directions by a Z-axis motor (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a motor mounting member 23 is provided at the upper end portion of the spindle head machine casing 20, and the spindle motor 21 is fixed via the motor mounting member 23. An annular receiving portion 23 b capable of receiving the lower end portion of the spindle motor 21 is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the upper end portion of the motor mounting member 23. A step portion 23 c that is recessed on the opposite side to the spindle motor 21 is formed further inside the receiving portion 23 b of the motor mounting member 23. A slight gap is formed between the step portion 23 c and the lower end of the spindle motor 23. Inside the spindle head machine frame 20, a spindle 11 formed in a cylindrical shape that is long in the vertical direction rotates through two bearings 13 and 14 arranged at the middle stage and the lower end of the outer circumference of the spindle 11. Arranged freely.

  The main shaft 11 is connected to the output shaft 22 of the main shaft motor 21 via a coupling 15 and is driven to rotate by the main shaft motor 21. In the vicinity of the upper end portion of the spindle head machine frame 20, an air flow passage 30 through which pressurized air for cooling the spindle motor 21 flows is formed. A pressurized air supply port 23a for supplying pressurized air to the air flow passage 30 is formed on the side of the motor mounting member 23. The pressurized air supply port 23a is connected to an external pressurized air supply source and a hose. Etc. are connected through.

  A ceramic partition member 24 is provided below the motor mounting member 23 to block the heat from the main shaft motor 21 from moving toward the main shaft 11. The partition member 24 is formed in a substantially annular shape mainly including an upper wall portion, a vertical wall portion, and a lower wall portion. An annular plate member 25 extending to the inner peripheral side of the partition member 24 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower wall portion of the partition member 24 with a plurality of screws 26.

Next, the air flow passage 30 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the air flow passage 30 includes a first passage 27, a second passage 28, and a third passage 29. A flat annular first passage 27 communicating with the pressurized air supply port 23 a is formed between the lower end of the spindle motor 21 and the step portion 23 c of the motor mounting member 23, and almost the entire lower end of the spindle motor 21. Is cooled by pressurized air supplied from the outside. An annular second passage 28 communicating with the first passage 27 is formed between the inner peripheral portion of the motor attachment member 23 and the output shaft 22.

  A third passage 29 communicating with the second passage 28 is formed between the vertical wall portion of the partition member 24 and the coupling 15. In the vertical wall portion of the partition member 24, an air exhaust port 24a communicating with the third passage 29 is provided at a position symmetrical to the pressurized air supply port 23a in the axial direction, and an air flow is provided in the air exhaust port 24a. An exhaust pipe 31 is connected to exhaust the air after flowing through the passage 30 to the outside. Thus, the air supplied to the pressurized air supply port 23 a flows through the air flow passage 30 and is then exhausted to the outside through the air exhaust port 24 a and the exhaust pipe 31.

Next, the operation and effect of the machine tool 1 described above will be described.
When the workpiece is processed, the air supplied to the pressurized air supply port 23 a is introduced into the first passage 27. While the introduced air flows in the first passage 27, the lower end portion of the spindle motor 21 is cooled, and an increase in the ambient temperature in the spindle head machine casing 20 is suppressed. The air that has flowed through the first passage 27 flows through the second and third passages 28 and 29 and is then exhausted to the outside through the air exhaust port 24 a and the exhaust pipe 31.

  Thus, the motor mounting member 23 provided at the upper end portion of the spindle head machine casing 20, the air flow passage 30 formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the spindle motor 21 via the spindle motor 21 and the motor mounting member 23, and the air Since the pressurized air supply port 23a for supplying the pressurized air to the flow passage 30 and the air exhaust port 24a communicating with the air flow passage 30 are provided, the pressurized air is supplied from the pressurized air supply port 23a. By causing the pressurized air to flow through the air flow passage 30, the lower end portion of the spindle motor 21 can be cooled. Therefore, an increase in the ambient temperature in the spindle head machine casing 20 can be suppressed, and the durability of the grease filled in the upper bearing 13 in the spindle 11 is improved.

  Since the air after flowing through the air flow passage 30 can be exhausted from the air exhaust port 24 a, the air after cooling the spindle motor 21 does not stay in the air flow passage 30. Therefore, the cooling effect by the pressurized air can be further enhanced. Since the air flow passage 30 is formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the spindle motor 21 and the air exhaust port 24a is provided in the upper part of the spindle head machine frame 20, the spray of the cutting fluid supplied to the cutting site of the workpiece during the cutting process. Does not enter the spindle head machine casing 20.

  An air flow passage 30 formed in the motor attachment member 23 includes a flat annular first passage 27 between the lower end of the spindle motor 21 and the motor attachment member 23, and an annular second passage communicating with the first passage 27. Since it is composed of the passage 28 and the annular third passage 29 communicating with the second passage 28, the air flow passage 30 can be formed by effectively using the space on the lower end side of the spindle motor 21. Does not increase in size.

Since the ceramic partition member 24 for blocking the heat on the main shaft motor 21 side from moving toward the main shaft 11 is provided below the motor mounting member 23, the heat insulating effect on the main shaft 11 can be remarkably enhanced. This can further suppress the temperature rise of the bearing 13 of the main shaft 11.
Since the pressurized air supply port 23 a is formed in the motor mounting member 23, the distance from the pressurized air supply port 23 a to the air flow passage 30 is shortened, and the temperature of the air rises before flowing into the air flow passage 30. Can be prevented. Therefore, the cooling effect by the pressurized air can be further enhanced.

Next, a modified example in which the above embodiment is partially modified will be described.
1] The air flow passage 30 may be constituted by the first passage 27 and the second passage 28.
In this case, an air exhaust port communicating with the second passage 28 is provided in the motor mounting member 23 at a position symmetrical to the pressurized air supply port 23a in the axial direction, and the exhaust pipe 31 is connected to the air exhaust port. Thereby, since the 3rd channel | path 29 becomes unnecessary, if the vertical wall part is made into the shape expanded to the vicinity of the coupling 15 in the partition member 24 so that the space of the inner peripheral side may be reduced, the heat insulation effect with respect to the main axis | shaft 11 will be provided. This can be further improved.
2] Instead of forming the pressurized air supply port 23 a in the motor attachment member 23, the spindle head machine frame 20 may be formed in the vicinity of the motor attachment member 23.

1 is a front view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a spindle head. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of main parts of the spindle head and the spindle in FIG. 3.

Explanation of symbols

1 Machine Tool 10 Spindle Head 11 Spindle 20 Spindle Head Machine Frame 21 Spindle Motor 23 Motor Mounting Member 23a Pressurized Air Supply Port 24 Partition Member 24a Air Exhaust Port 27 First Passage 28 Second Passage 30 Air Flow Passage

Claims (4)

In a machine tool including a spindle head having a spindle, a spindle head machine frame that supports the spindle, and a spindle motor that is mounted on the spindle head machine frame and drives the spindle,
A motor mounting member provided at the upper end of the spindle head machine frame;
An air flow passage formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the spindle motor via the spindle motor and a motor mounting member;
A pressurized air supply port for supplying pressurized air to the air flow passage;
An air exhaust port communicating with the air flow passage;
A machine tool characterized by comprising   2. The air flow passage includes a flat annular first passage between a lower end of a main shaft motor and a motor mounting member, and an annular second passage communicating with the first passage. The machine tool described in 1.   3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a ceramic partition member is provided below the motor mounting member to block the heat on the main shaft motor side from moving toward the main shaft. 4. machine.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized air supply port is formed in the motor mounting member.