JP5455578B2 - Spindle device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a spindle device, and more particularly to a spindle device that cools a bearing portion that rotatably supports a rotating body to which a tool is attached.

The spindle device is configured by attaching a tool for machining a workpiece to a rotating body, and the rotating body is rotatably supported by, for example, a bearing portion. For such a spindle device, for example, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is referred to.

JP 2000-126938 A

By the way, in the cutting process by the spindle device described above, heat may be generated in the bearing portion. In order to reduce such heat generation, the conventional spindle device 100 has a cooling structure as shown in FIG. It has been adopted.

That is, as shown in the figure, the front and rear bearing bearings 102 and 103 that support the rotating body 101 are provided with cooling chambers 104 and 105 so as to cover the outer peripheral sides thereof. The cooling fluid is supplied to 104 and 105 to cool the respective bearing portions 102 and 103.

A storage chamber 107 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling chamber 105 on the rear side of the bearing portions 102 and 103, and a ball gauge 108 is stored in the storage chamber 107. This ball gauge 108 functions as a support member that supports the bearing bearing portion 103 on the rear side so as to be movable in the axial direction, so that the axial extension of the rotating body 101 escapes to the rear side. Further, a ball gauge case 106 is interposed between the ball gauge 108, that is, the storage chamber 107 and the cooling chamber 105.

However, the cooling chamber 105 for cooling the bearing portion 103 is provided on the rear side as described above, and the storage chamber 107 for storing the ball gauge 108 via the ball gauge case 106 is further provided on the outer peripheral side of the cooling chamber 105. Then, the barrel diameter of the rear bearing bearing portion 103 is increased and the spindle device 100 is increased in size to increase the cost, and the quill 109 and the processing head are also increased in size to meet the recent demand for high acceleration cutting. In addition, the machining time cannot be shortened.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle device capable of reducing the body diameter of the bearing portion and realizing a compact device.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 relating to the spindle device is rotatably supported by the bearing portion in the housing, and is housed in a predetermined housing chamber, a rotating body to which a tool for processing a workpiece is attached, And a support member that supports the bearing portion so as to be movable in the axial direction.The predetermined storage chamber is disposed adjacent to the bearing portion, and a coolant is supplied to the storage chamber so that the bearing portion is supported. After cooling , the support member is provided with a first hole in an annular body formed so as to cover the bearing portion, and the spherical body is rotatably fitted in the first hole, and the bearing portion is axially moved by the spherical body. The storage chamber is movably supported, and the storage chamber is formed on the outer side by a ring-shaped body and forms a predetermined space between the bearing part and the bearing part. Hauzin And a second section that forms a predetermined space between the first section and the second section. The second section is formed so that the coolant is supplied to the first section to cool the bearing portion, and the coolant can flow through the annular body. And the coolant is supplied to the first compartment through the second compartment and the second hole .

According to the present invention, the predetermined storage chamber is disposed adjacent to the bearing portion, and the bearing portion is cooled by supplying the coolant to the storage chamber. Omitted, the body diameter of the bearing portion can be reduced and the device can be made compact.

If the position of the direction perpendicular to the first hole or the second hole in the axial direction and the axial direction provided several differently, is complicated coolant flow in storage chamber, the cooling efficiency of the bearing portion The storage chamber can be made compact. Thereby, further downsizing of the apparatus can be realized (claim 2 ).

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 3 relating to the spindle device is a rotary body which is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearing bearing portions provided along the axial direction in the housing and to which a tool for machining a workpiece is attached. And supported in a predetermined storage chamber so as to be able to move with the expansion and contraction in the axial direction of the rotating body at the bearing bearing portion on the rear side, which is arranged at a position relatively separated from the tool among the plurality of bearing bearing portions. The predetermined storage chamber is disposed adjacent to the bearing bearing portion, and the support member is first formed in an annular body formed to cover the bearing bearing portion from the outside. fit the direction of position orthogonal to the hole in the axial direction and the axis direction rotatably differently spheroids to the first hole plurality, the spherical body The bearing portion is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the storage chamber is formed on the inner side by an annular body, forms a predetermined space with the bearing bearing portion, and serves as a side that supports the bearing portion by a spherical body. 1 is divided into a second compartment that is formed on the outside and forms a predetermined space between the housing and the second hole formed in the annular body so that the coolant can flow therethrough. with the direction of the position orthogonal to the direction and the axis direction are different as provide a plurality, first hole and a second hole the axial and orthogonal directions positions provided as different from each other, a cooling liquid second It supplies to a 1st division through the division of this and a 2nd hole, and a bearing bearing part is cooled, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to the present invention, the case of the support member and the cooling chamber are omitted on the rear side of the rotating body, the body diameter of the bearing bearing portion on the rear side can be reduced, and the apparatus can be made compact. As a result, the flow of the coolant becomes complicated, and the cooling efficiency of the bearing portion can be improved.

According to the present invention, the body diameter of the bearing portion can be reduced, and the device can be made compact.

It is a side view showing an outline of composition of a machine tool provided with a spindle device concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view including the cross section which shows the structure of the spindle apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded side view including the cross section which shows the periphery structure of a rear side bearing bearing part. It is an enlarged plan view including the cross section which shows the structure of a storage chamber and a ball gauge. It is an expanded view which shows the structure of a ball gauge. It is an expanded side view including the cross section which shows the detailed structure of the 1st hole of a ball gauge. It is a side view including the cross section for demonstrating the assembly method of the rear side of a spindle apparatus. It is a side view including the cross section which shows the structure of the conventional spindle apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of a machine tool provided with a spindle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The outline of the machine tool will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The machine tool 1 includes a bed 2 that forms the base of the machine tool 1, a work table 3 provided in front of the upper surface of the bed 2, and a rear upper surface of the bed 2. A column 4 to be provided, a saddle 5 provided on the upper surface of the column 4, a machining head 6 provided on the front surface of the saddle 5, a quill 7 provided inside the machining head 6 and configured to be able to protrude from the lower end of the machining head 6. The spindle device 8 of the present invention is mounted on the quill 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle device 8 includes a rotating body 12 that is rotatably supported in a housing 9 via a front-side bearing bearing portion 10 and a rear-side bearing bearing portion 11. A tool is attached to the lower end of the workpiece 12, and the workpiece is cut while the rotating body 12 is rotated as required by the spindle motor 14. The front-side bearing bearing portion 10 and the rear-side bearing bearing portion 11 are housed in bearing cases 10a and 11a, respectively.

As shown in enlarged views in FIGS. 3 and 4, a predetermined amount is provided on the outer peripheral side of the rear-side bearing bearing portion 11, strictly, on the outer peripheral side of the rear-side bearing case 11 a that constitutes one configuration of the rear-side bearing bearing portion 11. Storage chambers 20 are provided adjacent to each other. That is, the storage chamber 20 is a storage space surrounded by the housing 9 and the rear bearing case 11a, and the storage chamber 20 is provided with a ball gauge 30.

The ball gauge 30 has an annular body 31, and the annular body 31 is formed so as to cover the bearing case 11a on the rear side from the outside.
As shown in FIG. 5, the annular body 31 is provided with a plurality of circular first holes 32 in an intermediate portion thereof, and the plurality of first holes 32 are formed in each region X to Z having a predetermined width. Positions A to D in the axial direction (more precisely, center positions A to D in the axial direction of the first hole 32) and positions E to V in the circumferential direction (more precisely, center position E in the circumferential direction of the first hole 32) To V) are arranged differently. A spherical body 33 is rotatably fitted in each of the first holes 32.

That is, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6, the first hole 32 has a tapered shape, and the tapered shape is such that the diameter of the end portion on the bearing case 11a side gradually decreases. Thereby, it is considered that the spherical body 33 does not come out of the first hole 32.

The ball gauge 30 configured in this manner is configured such that one top of the spherical body 33 abuts on the outer peripheral side of the bearing case 11 a on the rear side, and the other top of the spherical body 33 is the inner wall of the housing 9. Each is provided so that it may contact | abut.

In other words, in the present invention, the axial extension of the rotating body 12 is configured to escape to the rear side, and the ball gauge 30 is located at a position relatively separated from the rear side bearing bearing portion 11, that is, the tool. The arranged bearing portion 11 functions as a support member that supports the movement of the rotating body 12 along with the expansion and contraction in the axial direction.

Here, as is apparent from FIGS. 2 to 4, the storage chamber 20 is divided into a first compartment 21 and a second compartment 22 by an annular body 31.
That is, the first section 21 is formed on the inner side by the annular body 31 and forms a predetermined space with the rear side bearing portion 11 to support the rear side bearing bearing portion 11. The second section 22 is formed on the outer side, forms a predetermined space with the housing 9, and serves as a section on the side that supports the housing 9.

An opening 40 is provided on the lower side of the housing 9, coolant is supplied from the lower side of the second compartment 22 through the opening 40 and the nozzle 41, and the upper side of the housing 9 is also opened. 42 is provided, and the coolant is discharged from the upper side of the second section 22 through the opening 42 and the nozzle 43.

That is, the annular body 31 is provided with a plurality of circular second holes 34 in the upper part, the lower part, and the intermediate part, and the plurality of second holes 34 are formed in the regions X to Z having a predetermined width. , The axial positions a to c (precisely the axial center positions a to c of the second hole 34) and the circumferential positions d to l (precisely the circumferential center of the second hole 34). The positions d to l) are arranged differently, and the second hole 34 is located between the first hole 32 and the axial position and the circumferential direction in each region X to Z having a predetermined width. They are arranged in different positions.

As a result, the coolant supplied from the lower side of the second compartment 22 circulates in the first compartment 21 through the second hole 34 while forming a complex upward flow, and the rear-side bearing bearing portion. 11 is cooled.
The supply and discharge of the coolant is performed via the coolant circulation unit 50. The coolant circulation unit 50 includes a circulation pump 51 and a cooling device 52.

Here, the assembly method on the rear side of the spindle device 8 configured as described above will be described as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the ball gauge 30 is slid while rolling the spherical body 33 along the inner wall of the housing 9 from the upper position of the housing 9, and further on the outer peripheral side of the bearing case 11 a from the upper position of the ball gauge 30. While rolling the spherical body 33, the bearing case 11a is slid integrally with the rear side bearing bearing portion 11 and assembled. At the time of this assembly, padding 44 is placed in the upper opening 42 provided in the housing 9 so that the spherical body 33 does not come out from the opening 42.

As described above, according to the present invention, the storage chamber 20 for storing the ball gauge 30 is disposed adjacent to the rear-side bearing bearing portion 11, and supplies the coolant to the storage chamber 20 to provide a rear-side bearing. Since the bearing portion 11 is cooled, the conventional ball gauge case and cooling chamber can be omitted.

That is, in the present invention, since the storage chamber 20 also functions as a cooling chamber, the conventional cooling chamber shown in FIG. 8 can be omitted, and a ball interposed between the conventional cooling chamber and the storage chamber can be omitted. The spindle device 8 can be made compact by reducing the body diameter of the rear bearing portion 11 such that the gauge case can be omitted. As a result, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced, and the machining time can be shortened by realizing high acceleration cutting.

Further, each of the first hole 32 and the second hole 34 in each region X to Z having a predetermined width is formed in an axial direction, that is, a coolant flow direction, and a circumferential direction, that is, a direction orthogonal to the coolant flow direction Since a plurality of positions are provided so as to have different positions, the flow of the cooling liquid in the storage chamber 20 becomes complicated, the cooling efficiency of the rear bearing bearing portion 11 can be improved, and the storage chamber 20 can be made compact. . Thereby, further downsizing of the spindle device 8 can be realized.

Furthermore, the first hole 32 and the second hole 34 are provided in the regions X to Z having a predetermined width so that the positions in the flow direction and the direction perpendicular to the flow direction are different from each other. The flow of the cooling liquid in the chamber 20 becomes more complicated, and the cooling efficiency of the rear side bearing portion 11 can be further improved.

The present invention can be used in a spindle device. Specifically, it is useful for appropriately cooling a bearing portion that rotatably supports a rotating body to which a tool is attached.

1: Machine tool 2: Bed 3: Work table 4: Column 5: Saddle 6: Processing head 7: Quill 8: Spindle device 9 :: Housing 10: Front side bearing bearing portion 10a: Bearing case (front side)
11: Rear side bearing portion 11a: Bearing case (rear side)
12: Rotating body 14: Spindle motor 20: Storage chamber 21: First compartment 22: Second compartment 30: Ball gauge (support member)
31: annular body 32: first hole 33: spherical body 34: second hole 40: opening (lower side)
41: Nozzle (lower side)
42: Opening (upper side)
43: Nozzle (upper side)
44: Stuff 50: Coolant circulation unit 51: Circulation pump 52: Cooling device 100: Spindle device 101: Rotating body 102: Bearing bearing part (front side)
103: Bearing bearing (rear side)
104: Cooling room (front side)
105: Cooling chamber (rear side)
106: Ball gauge case 107: Storage chamber 108: Ball gauge (support member)
109: Quill

Claims (3)

A spindle having a rotating body that is rotatably supported by a bearing portion in a housing and attaches a tool for processing a workpiece, and a support member that is housed in a predetermined storage chamber and supports the bearing portion so as to be movable in the axial direction. In the device
The predetermined storage chamber is disposed adjacent to the bearing portion, and a cooling liquid is supplied to the storage chamber to cool the bearing portion ,
The support member is provided with a first hole in an annular body formed so as to cover the bearing portion, and a spherical body is rotatably fitted in the first hole, and the bearing portion is inserted in the axial direction by the spherical body. And moveably supported
The storage chamber is formed on the inside by the annular body and has a first space that forms a predetermined space with the bearing portion and supports the bearing portion by the spherical body. A second compartment forming a predetermined space with the housing;
Supplying the coolant to the first compartment to cool the bearing portion;
The annular body is provided with a second hole formed to allow the coolant to flow, and the coolant is supplied to the first compartment through the second compartment and the second hole. Spindle device. The spindle apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the direction perpendicular to the first hole or the second hole in the axial direction and the axial direction provided several differently. A rotating body that is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearing bearing portions provided along the axial direction in the housing and attaches a tool for machining a workpiece, and is housed in a predetermined storage chamber, and the above-mentioned bearing bearing portions A spindle device having a support member that supports the movement of the rotating body in the axial direction of the rotating body at a rear bearing bearing portion disposed at a position relatively away from the tool.
The predetermined storage chamber is disposed adjacent to the bearing bearing portion, and the support member has a first hole formed in an annular body formed so as to cover the bearing bearing portion from the outside in the axial direction. rotatably fitted spheroids to the first hole direction position orthogonal to the axial direction is plurality differently, the bearing bearing unit movably supported in the axial direction by the spherical body, further The storage chamber is formed inside by the annular body and forms a predetermined space with the bearing bearing portion, and is formed on the outside and formed on the outside, the first compartment serving as a side supporting the bearing bearing portion by the spherical body. A second section that forms a predetermined space with the housing;
Furthermore, the with the position of the direction in which the cooling liquid is orthogonal to the second hole which is formed so as to be distributed in the axial direction and the axis direction are different as a plurality provided, the first hole and the said annular body Providing the second holes so that the positions in the axial direction and the orthogonal direction are different from each other;
A spindle device, wherein the cooling liquid is supplied to the first compartment through the second compartment and the second hole to cool the bearing portion.

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