WO2017113423A1 - 电机的组装治具 - Google Patents

电机的组装治具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113423A1
WO2017113423A1 PCT/CN2015/100353 CN2015100353W WO2017113423A1 WO 2017113423 A1 WO2017113423 A1 WO 2017113423A1 CN 2015100353 W CN2015100353 W CN 2015100353W WO 2017113423 A1 WO2017113423 A1 WO 2017113423A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
skeleton
cam
linkage mechanism
assembly jig
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/100353
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张瑜晖
Original Assignee
深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司 filed Critical 深圳配天智能技术研究院有限公司
Priority to CN201580079763.2A priority Critical patent/CN107615627B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/100353 priority patent/WO2017113423A1/zh
Publication of WO2017113423A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113423A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical assembly equipment, and more particularly to an assembly fixture for an electric machine.
  • the motor includes a plurality of parts such as a stator and a rotor.
  • the stator includes a core, a coil and a skeleton. During the assembly of the motor, the skeleton needs to be inserted into the iron core, and then the coil is wound around the skeleton.
  • the skeleton installation process that is, the process of inserting the core into the skeleton, wherein the skeleton is generally a plastic material, which is prone to shrinkage deformation, resulting in a small bottom end of the skeleton, and the width is smaller than the width of the core, so that the bottom end of the skeleton needs to be opened after the skeleton is installed. Then insert it into the iron core.
  • the existing skeleton installation is basically done manually, that is, the worker manually opens the bottom end of the skeleton and then assembles it. Since the plastic material for manufacturing the skeleton is hard, it takes a lot of force to manually open the bottom end of the skeleton, resulting in high work intensity and low production efficiency of the worker; and manual operation is liable to cause a problem of low installation quality.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an assembly fixture for a motor.
  • the technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is to provide an assembly jig for a motor, the motor includes the skeleton and the iron core, and the assembly jig is used for inserting the skeleton into the iron core, wherein the assembly fixture includes pressure The component and the guiding component; the press-in component comprises a first linkage mechanism and a lower pressing component, the guiding component comprises a second linkage mechanism and a guiding component; after the skeleton is inserted into the guiding component in the first direction, the first linkage mechanism drives the lower pressing component to The skeleton is pressed into the core in the first direction; during the assembly process after the skeleton contacts and/or contacts with the core, the second linkage mechanism drives the guide to withdraw from the skeleton in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. .
  • the assembly jig further includes a driving component for driving the first linkage mechanism and the second linkage mechanism simultaneously.
  • the first linkage mechanism includes a first cam, a first driven wheel and a first connecting block group.
  • the first driven wheel is rolled on a side edge of the first cam, and one end of the first connecting block group is connected to the first driven wheel, and the other One end is connected to the lower pressing member;
  • the second linkage mechanism includes a second cam, a second driven wheel and a second connecting block group, the second driven wheel is rolled on the side edge of the second cam, and one end of the second connecting block group is connected to the second
  • the driven wheel has the other end connected to the guiding member;
  • the driving assembly comprises a rotating shaft and a pulling rod, one end of the pulling rod is connected to the rotating shaft, the first cam and the second cam are both connected to the rotating shaft, the pulling rod is pulled, and the first cam rotates to make the first driven wheel Rolling along the side edge of the first cam to drive the first connecting block group and the lower pressing member to move in the first direction, and the second cam rotating causes the second driven wheel to roll along the side edge of the
  • the assembly fixture further comprises a bracket, and the rotating shaft is rotatably supported on the bracket.
  • the first linkage mechanism further includes a first cam frame and a first spring, the first spring is sleeved on the first connection block group, and the first spring, the first driven wheel and the first cam are defined on the first cam frame Inside, during the assembly of the skeleton to the core, the first spring is always in a compressed state.
  • the second linkage mechanism further includes a second cam frame and a second spring, the second spring is sleeved on the second connection block group, and the second spring, the second driven wheel and the second cam are defined by the second cam frame Inside, the second spring is always in compression.
  • the driving component further comprises a limiting block, wherein the limiting block is used for limiting the rotation angle of the drawbar to limit the depth of the skeleton inserted into the iron core.
  • the first direction is a vertical direction
  • the second direction is a horizontal direction
  • the guiding member comprises a first guiding surface
  • the skeleton fits the first guiding surface insertion guiding member in the first direction, and the first guiding surface is taperedly guided in the first direction.
  • the guiding member comprises a second guiding surface, and when the guiding member is pulled away from the skeleton in the second direction, the second guiding surface is fitted to the skeleton, and the second guiding surface is taperedly guided in the second direction.
  • the guiding member comprises a bonding surface, and in the process of inserting the skeleton into the iron core, the bonding surface and the outer surface of the skeleton contacting the same form.
  • the guiding component comprises a plurality of guiding members
  • the second linkage mechanism drives the plurality of guiding components to be respectively separated from the plurality of skeletons in the second direction.
  • the driving component comprises a first cylinder/electric cylinder and a second cylinder/electric cylinder
  • the first cylinder/electric cylinder drives the first linkage mechanism
  • the second cylinder/electric cylinder drives the second linkage mechanism
  • the assembly tool of the motor includes a skeleton and an iron core, and the assembly jig is used for inserting the skeleton into the iron core, which comprises a guiding assembly and a press-in assembly, the guiding assembly
  • the first linkage mechanism and the guiding member comprise a second linkage mechanism and a lower pressing member; after the skeleton is inserted into the guiding member in the first direction, the second linkage mechanism drives the lower pressing member to press the skeleton into the iron in the first direction In the core; during the assembly of the skeleton and the core after contact and/or contact, the first linkage mechanism drives the guide member to be withdrawn from the skeleton in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the assembly jig of the invention supports the lower end of the skeleton through the guiding member, and the lower pressing member presses the skeleton into the iron core, and uses the first linkage mechanism and the second linkage mechanism to realize the guiding member while inserting the iron core into the skeleton It is separated from the skeleton and requires no manual operation, which improves work efficiency and installation quality, and the assembly fixture has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an assembly jig of a motor of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a skeleton and an iron core in the motor of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide member in the first embodiment of the assembly jig shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an assembly jig of the motor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the assembly jig of the electrode of the present invention.
  • An assembly jig for a motor comprising the skeleton and an iron core, the assembly jig for inserting a skeleton into the iron core
  • the assembly fixture comprises a press-in assembly and a guiding assembly
  • the press-in assembly comprises a first linkage mechanism and a lower pressing member
  • the guiding assembly comprises a second linkage mechanism and a guiding member
  • the first linkage mechanism drives the lower pressing member to press the skeleton into the iron core in the first direction
  • the second linkage mechanism drives the guiding member away from the skeleton in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an assembly jig of a motor according to the present invention.
  • the assembly jig 100 of the present embodiment is used for assembling the motor 200, and the assembly jig 100 is specifically used for inserting the skeleton 21 into the iron.
  • the core 22 only the skeleton 21 and the core 22 of the motor 200 are illustrated in FIG.
  • the assembly jig 100 includes a press-in assembly 11 including a first linkage mechanism 13 and a lower pressing member 15, and a guide assembly 12 including a second linkage mechanism 14 and a guide member 16.
  • the process of assembling the skeleton 21 and the core 22 using the assembly jig 100 is as follows:
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a skeleton and an iron core in the motor of the present invention.
  • the width d1 of the bottom end of the skeleton 21 is smaller than the width d2 of the core 22, and the assembly process is to insert the core 22 into the core direction 22 in the first direction Y, that is, in the vertical direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the guiding member in the first embodiment of the assembly jig of FIG.
  • the guiding member 16 includes a first guiding surface 161, and the frame 21 is fitted to the first guiding surface 161 to be inserted into the guiding member 16.
  • the first guiding surface 161 is tapered in the first direction Y, that is, the guiding member 16 is narrow and wide.
  • the width of the upper portion is less than or equal to the width d1 of the bottom end of the skeleton, so that the frame 21 can be easily inserted into the guide member 16; then the frame 21 is fitted to the first guide surface 161 and inserted into the guide member 16, that is, the lower end of the skeleton 21 is opened;
  • the width below the 16 is greater than or equal to the width d2 of the core 22, so that the lower end of the bobbin 21 can be expanded to the width d2 of the core 22 for smooth insertion into the core 22.
  • the first linkage mechanism 13 drives the lower pressing member 15 to press the frame 21 into the core 22 in the first direction Y.
  • the lower pressing member 15 has a force in the first direction Y on the skeleton 21, and in order to ensure the stability of the pressing point, the contact surfaces of the pressing member 15 and the skeleton 21 are adhered to each other, and the lower pressing member in the embodiment
  • the 15 includes a recess for enabling the frame 21 to be engaged in the recess, ensuring that the bobbin 21 does not deviate when moving downward, and the core 22 can be smoothly inserted.
  • This step S3 occurs simultaneously when the step S2 is performed, and the symbols S2 and S3 are set only for convenience of description, and are not used to indicate the order relationship.
  • the guide member 16 is pulled out of the bobbin 21 to prevent the guide member 16 from affecting the mounting of the bobbin 21.
  • the withdrawal process of the guide member 16 from the second direction X that is, the horizontal direction may be continued with the depression of the lower pressing member 15 in the first direction Y, or may be instantaneously withdrawn after the skeleton 21 is inserted into the core 22 Out.
  • the assembly jig 100 further includes a driving assembly 17 for simultaneously driving the first linkage mechanism 13 and the second linkage mechanism 14 to implement steps S2 and S3, respectively.
  • the first linkage mechanism 13 includes a first cam 131, a first driven wheel 132, and a first connecting block group 133.
  • the first driven wheel 132 is rolled and disposed on a side edge of the first cam 131, and the first connecting block group 133 One end is connected to the first driven wheel 132, and the other end is connected to the lower pressing member 15.
  • the rotation of the first cam 131 causes the first driven wheel 132 to roll along the side edge of the first cam 131, thereby driving the first connecting block group 133 and the lower pressing member 15 to move along the first direction Y, thereby pressing the skeleton 21 Into the core 22.
  • the first linkage mechanism 13 further includes a first spring 134 and a first cam bracket 135, and the first spring 134, the first driven wheel 132 and the first cam 131 are defined in the first cam holder 135, and the first cam 131 The shaft is fixed to the first cam holder 135.
  • the first driven wheel 132 is rolled and disposed on the side edge of the first cam 131 by the action of the first spring 134.
  • the first spring 134 is fixed at one end to the first cam holder 135, and the other end is fixedly coupled to the shaft of the first driven wheel 132.
  • the thrust of the first spring 134 is such that the first driven wheel 132 is always in close contact with the side edge of the first cam 131.
  • the first spring 134 is sleeved on the first connecting block group 133, and the first connecting block group 133 is fixedly coupled to the shaft of the first driven wheel 132. Therefore, while the first driven wheel 132 rolls along the side edge of the first cam 131, both the first connecting block group 133 and the lower pressing member 15 are moved along the first direction Y.
  • the thrust of the first spring 134 acts on the bobbin 21 through the lower pressing member 15, so that it can be inserted into the core 22.
  • the second linkage mechanism 14 includes a second cam 141, a second driven wheel 142, and a second connecting block group 143.
  • the second driven wheel 142 is rolled and disposed on a side edge of the second cam 141, and one end of the second connecting block group 143 is connected.
  • the second driven wheel 142 has the other end connected to the guide member 16.
  • the second linkage mechanism 14 further includes a second spring 144 and a second cam frame 145, the second spring 144 is sleeved on the second connection block group 143, and the second spring 144, the second driven wheel 142 and the second cam 141 are Limited to the second cam carrier 145, the second spring 144 is always in a compressed state.
  • the operation principle of the second linkage mechanism 14 is similar to that of the first linkage mechanism 13, and details are not described herein.
  • the first cam 131 of the first linkage mechanism 13 and the second cam 141 of the second linkage mechanism 14 are both rotated by the drive of the drive assembly.
  • the driving assembly 17 includes a rotating shaft 171 and one of the pulling rods 172.
  • One end of the pulling rod 172 is connected to the rotating shaft 171, and the first cam 131 and the second cam 141 are both connected to the rotating shaft 171, and the pulling rod 172 is pulled, and the first cam 131 is rotated to make the first slave
  • the moving wheel 132 rolls along the side edge of the first cam 131 to drive the first connecting block group 133 and the lower pressing member 15 to move in the first direction Y, and the second cam 141 rotates so that the second driven wheel 142 moves along the side edge of the second cam 141.
  • the rolling further drives the second connecting block group 143 and the guide member 16 to move in the second direction X.
  • the drive assembly 17 in which the withdrawal of the guide member 16 from the second direction X is along with the lower pressing member 15 in the first direction Y.
  • the pressing down synchronization continues.
  • the guide member 16 in order to make the withdrawal of the guide member 16 in the second direction X smoother, the guide member 16 further includes a second guide surface 162 which is also tapered in the second direction X. When the guide member 16 is pulled away from the skeleton 21 along the second direction X, the second guide surface 162 is attached to the skeleton 21 to come out.
  • the drive assembly 17 further includes a limit block 173 for limiting the angle of rotation of the tie rod 172 to limit the depth at which the bobbin 21 is inserted into the core 22. And the consistency of the manufacturing process is ensured, that is, the depth of insertion of the core 22 is the same every time the skeleton 21 is mounted.
  • the assembly jig 100 further includes a bracket 18, and the rotating shaft 171 of the driving assembly 17 is rotatably supported on the bracket 18, so that the structure of the entire assembling jig 100 is more stable.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the assembly jig of the motor of the present invention.
  • the assembly jig 400 of the present embodiment can simultaneously mount the plurality of skeletons 21, and also includes the press-in assembly 41 and the guide assembly 42.
  • the working principle is similar to that of the assembly jig 100 described above, and the same portions will not be described again.
  • the guiding assembly 42 includes the second linkage mechanism 421 and the plurality of guiding members 422, and the second linkage mechanism 421 simultaneously drives the plurality of guiding members 422 from the plurality of skeletons 21 in the second direction X. In the middle of the withdrawal.
  • the press-in assembly 41 also includes a first linkage mechanism 411 and a lower pressing member 412.
  • the first linkage mechanism 411 drives the lower pressing member 412 to press the plurality of skeletons 21 into the plurality of cores 22 in the first direction Y, respectively.
  • the plurality of skeletons 21 and the iron cores 22 are sequentially arranged in the third direction Z, and the corresponding plurality of guide members 422 are also sequentially arranged in the third direction, and the plurality of guide members 422 are connected and simultaneously driven by the second linkage mechanism 421.
  • a plurality of rows may be arranged in the third direction Z and connected in common to the first linkage mechanism 411 to achieve simultaneous driving; or may be disposed in a strip shape extending in the third direction to enable more
  • the skeletons 21 are simultaneously pressed into the core 22 at the same time.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the assembly fixture of the electrode of the present invention.
  • the assembly jig 500 of the present embodiment can simultaneously mount the plurality of skeletons 21, and also includes the press-in assembly 51, the guide assembly 52, and the drive assembly 53.
  • the working principle is similar to that of the assembly jig 100 described above, and the same portions will not be described again.
  • the driving assembly 53 in the present embodiment includes a first cylinder 531 and a second cylinder 532.
  • the first cylinder 531 drives the first linkage mechanism 511 of the press-in assembly 51 while the second cylinder 432 drives the guide assembly 52.
  • the cylinder can also be replaced by an electric cylinder.
  • An assembly jig for a motor disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, the motor comprising a skeleton and an iron core, the assembly jig for inserting a skeleton into the iron core, comprising a guiding assembly and a press-in assembly, the guiding assembly comprising a first linkage mechanism and a guiding member, the press-in assembly includes a second linkage mechanism and a lower pressing member; after inserting the skeleton into the guiding member in the first direction, the second linkage mechanism drives the lower pressing member to press the skeleton into the iron core in the first direction; During the continuous contact of the core contact and/or contact, the first linkage mechanism drives the guide member to be withdrawn from the skeleton in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the assembly jig of the invention supports the lower end of the skeleton through the guiding member, and the lower pressing member presses the skeleton into the iron core, and uses the first linkage mechanism and the second linkage mechanism to realize the guiding member while inserting the iron core into the skeleton It is separated from the skeleton and requires no manual operation, which improves work efficiency and installation quality, and the assembly fixture has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机的组装治具，所述电机(200)包括骨架(21)和铁芯(22)，所述组装治具(100,400,500)用于将所述骨架插入所述铁芯，所述组装治具包括压入组件(11,41,51)和导向组件(12,42,52)；所述压入组件包括第一联动机构(13,411,511)和下压件(15,412)，所述导向组件包括第二联动机构(14,421,521)和导向件(16,422)；将所述骨架沿第一方向(Y)插入所述导向件后，所述第一联动机构带动所述下压件将所述骨架沿所述第一方向压入所述铁芯中；在所述骨架与所述铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，所述第二联动机构带动所述导向件沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向(X)自所述骨架中抽离。该组装治具结构简单，且无需人工操作，提高了工作效率和安装质量。

Description

电机的组装治具
【技术领域】
本发明涉及机械组装设备领域，尤其是涉及一种电机的组装治具。
【背景技术】
电机中包括定子、转子等多个部分，其中定子包括铁芯、线圈和骨架，在电机装配过程中，需要将骨架插入铁芯，然后再将线圈缠绕在骨架上。
对于骨架安装工艺即骨架插入铁芯的工艺，其中骨架一般为塑胶材料，容易发生收缩变形，导致骨架底端较小，宽度小于铁芯宽度，因此在骨架安装时需要把骨架底端撑开后再插入到铁芯。
现有的骨架安装基本靠人工完成，即工人手动将骨架底端撑开，然后再进行装配。由于制造骨架的塑胶材料较硬，人工操作时需要花费较大力才能把骨架底端撑开，导致工人工作强度高，生产效率低下；同时人工操作容易造成安装质量不高的问题。
【发明内容】
为了解决现有技术中电机安装效率低，人工成本高、安装质量不高的问题，本发明实施方式提供一种电机的组装治具。
本发明实施方式解决上述技术问题所采取的技术方案是提供一种电机的组装治具，电机包括所述骨架和铁芯，组装治具用于将骨架插入铁芯，其中，组装治具包括压入组件和导向组件；压入组件包括第一联动机构和下压件，导向组件包括第二联动机构和导向件；将骨架沿第一方向插入导向件后，第一联动机构带动下压件将骨架沿第一方向压入所铁芯中；在骨架与铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，第二联动机构带动导向件沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向自骨架中抽离。
其中，组装治具进一步包括驱动组件，驱动组件用于同时驱动第一联动机构和第二联动机构。
其中，第一联动机构包括第一凸轮、第一从动轮和第一连接块组，第一从动轮滚动设置于第一凸轮的侧缘，第一连接块组的一端连接第一从动轮，另一端连接下压件；第二联动机构包括第二凸轮、第二从动轮和第二连接块组，第二从动轮滚动设置于第二凸轮的侧缘，第二连接块组的一端连接第二从动轮，另一端连接导向件；驱动组件包括转动轴和拉杆，拉杆的一端连接至转动轴，第一凸轮和第二凸轮均连接至转动轴，拉动拉杆，第一凸轮转动使得第一从动轮沿第一凸轮的侧缘滚动进而带动第一连接块组和下压件沿第一方向移动，第二凸轮转动使得第二从动轮沿第二凸轮的侧缘滚动进而带动第二连接块组和导向件沿第二方向移动。
其中，组装治具进一步包括支架，转动轴转动支撑于支架上。
其中，第一联动机构进一步包括第一凸轮架和第一弹簧，第一弹簧套设于第一连接块组上，且第一弹簧、第一从动轮和第一凸轮被限定于第一凸轮架内，在骨架组装至铁芯的过程中，第一弹簧始终处于压缩状态。
其中，第二联动机构进一步包括第二凸轮架和第二弹簧，第二弹簧套设于第二连接块组上，且第二弹簧、第二从动轮和第二凸轮被限定于第二凸轮架内，第二弹簧始终处于压缩状态。
其中，驱动组件进一步包括限位块，限位块用于限制拉杆的转动角度，以限制骨架插入铁芯的深度。
其中，第一方向是竖直方向，第二方向是水平方向。
其中，导向件包括第一导向面，骨架沿第一方向贴合第一导向面插入导向件，第一导向面在第一方向上锥形导向。
其中，导向件包括第二导向面，导向件沿着第二方向自骨架中抽离时，第二导向面贴合骨架，第二导向面在第二方向上锥形导向。
其中，导向件包括贴合面，在骨架插入铁芯的过程中，贴合面和与其接触的骨架外表面相互契合。
其中，导向组件包括多个导向件，第二联动机构带动多个导向组件沿第二方向分别自多个骨架中抽离。
其中，驱动组件包括第一气缸/电动缸以及第二气缸/电动缸，第一气缸/电动缸驱动第一联动机构，同时第二气缸/电动缸驱动第二联动机构。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施方式提供的电机的组装治具，该电机包括骨架和铁芯，组装治具用于将骨架插入铁芯，其包括导向组件和压入组件，该导向组件包括第一联动机构和导向件，压入组件包括第二联动机构和下压件；将骨架沿第一方向插入导向件后，第二联动机构带动下压件将骨架沿第一方向压入铁芯中；在骨架和铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，第一联动机构带动导向件沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向自骨架中抽离。本发明中的组装治具通过导向件来撑开骨架下端，下压件来将骨架压入铁芯中，并利用第一联动机构和第二联动机构实现在骨架插入铁芯的同时，导向件自骨架中抽离，无需人工操作，提高了工作效率及安装质量，且该组装治具结构简单易于实现。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图：
图1是本发明电机的组装治具第一实施方式的结构示意图；
图2是本发明电机中骨架和铁芯的结构示意图；
图3是图1所示组装治具第一实施方式中导向件的结构示意图；
图4是本发明电机的组装治具第二实施方式的结构示意图；
图5是本发明电极的组装治具第三实施方式的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施方式的附图，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅是本发明的一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种电机的组装治具，电机包括所述骨架和铁芯，组装治具用于将骨架插入铁芯，其中，组装治具包括压入组件和导向组件；压入组件包括第一联动机构和下压件，导向组件包括第二联动机构和导向件；将骨架沿第一方向插入导向件后，第一联动机构带动下压件将骨架沿第一方向压入所铁芯中；在骨架与铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，第二联动机构带动导向件沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向自骨架中抽离。
下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明电机的组装治具第一实施方式的结构示意图，本实施方式组装治具100用于对电机200进行组装，组装治具100具体用于将骨架21插入铁芯22中，因此在图1中只示意了电机200的骨架21和铁芯22。
组装治具100包括压入组件11和导向组件12，压入组件11包括第一联动机构13和下压件15，导向组件12包括第二联动机构14和导向件16。
具体来说，使用该组装治具100组装骨架21和铁芯22的过程如下：
S1：将骨架21沿第一方向Y插入导向件16。
请一并参阅图2，图2是本发明电机中骨架和铁芯的结构示意图。其中骨架21底端的宽度d1小于铁芯22的宽度d2，组装过程则是将骨架21撑开后沿第一方向Y即竖直方向插入铁芯22。
本组装治具100中导向件16用于撑开骨架21底端。具体请参阅图3，图3是图1所示组装治具第一实施方式中导向件的结构示意图。
该导向件16包括第一导向面161，骨架21贴合第一导向面161插入导向件16，该第一导向面161在第一方向Y上锥形导向，即导向件16为上窄下宽的结构，上面的宽度小于等于骨架底端的宽度d1，使得骨架21能够轻松插入导向件16；然后骨架21贴合于第一导向面161插入导向件16，即骨架21下端被撑开；导向件16下面的宽度大于等于铁芯22的宽度d2，使得骨架21下端能够被撑开到铁芯22的宽度d2，以顺利插入铁芯22。
S2：第一联动机构13带动下压件15将骨架21沿第一方向Y压入铁芯22中。
该步骤中，下压件15对骨架21有一个第一方向Y的作用力，为了保证着力点的稳定性，下压件15与骨架21的接触面相互贴合，本实施方式中下压件15包括一凹槽，使骨架21能够卡合于凹槽内，保证骨架21向下运动时不会发生偏离，能够顺利插入铁芯22。
也是有助于骨架21向下运动的稳定，在导向件16中还包括贴合面163，在骨架21插入铁芯22的过程中，贴合面163和与其接触的骨架21外表面相互契合。
S3：在骨架21与铁芯22接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，第二联动机构14带动导向件16沿垂直于第一方向Y的第二方向X自骨架21中抽离。
本步骤S3在步骤S2进行时同时发生，标号S2和S3仅为了叙述方便而设置，并不用于表示其先后关系。在下压件15将骨架21压入铁芯22的同时，导向件16抽离出骨架21，以免导向件16影响骨架21的安装。导向件16由第二方向X即水平方向的撤出过程可以是随着下压件15沿第一方向Y的下压同步持续进行的，也可以是在骨架21插入铁芯22一部分后瞬时撤出的。
本实施方式中，为实现步骤S2和步骤S3，组装治具100进一步包括驱动组件17，驱动组件17用于同时驱动第一联动机构13和第二联动机构14，以分别实现步骤S2和S3。
具体来说，第一联动机构13包括第一凸轮131、第一从动轮132和第一连接块组133，第一从动轮132滚动设置于第一凸轮131的侧缘，第一连接块组133的一端连接第一从动轮132，另一端连接下压件15。
第一凸轮131的转动会使得第一从动轮132沿着第一凸轮131的侧缘滚动，进而带动第一连接块组133和下压件15沿着第一方向Y移动，从而将骨架21压入铁芯22中。
其中，第一联动机构13进一步包括第一弹簧134和第一凸轮架135，且第一弹簧134、第一从动轮132和第一凸轮131被限定于第一凸轮架135内，第一凸轮131的轴固定在第一凸轮架135上。
第一从动轮132在第一弹簧134的作用下，滚动设置于第一凸轮131的侧缘。第一弹簧134一端固定在第一凸轮架135上，另一端固定连接第一从动轮132的轴，第一弹簧134的推力使得第一从动轮132一直紧贴于第一凸轮131的侧缘。
第一弹簧134套设于第一连接块组133上，而第一连接块组133固定连接于第一从动轮132的轴。因此在第一从动轮132在沿着第一凸轮131的侧缘滚动的同时，带动第一连接块组133和下压件15都沿着第一方向Y移动。
由于在骨架21组装至铁芯22的过程中，第一弹簧134始终处于压缩状态，第一弹簧134的推力通过下压件15作用在骨架21上，使其能够插入铁芯22。
第二联动机构14包括第二凸轮141、第二从动轮142和第二连接块组143，第二从动轮142滚动设置于第二凸轮141的侧缘，第二连接块组143的一端连接第二从动轮142，另一端连接导向件16。
第二联动机构14进一步包括第二弹簧144和第二凸轮架145，第二弹簧144套设于第二连接块组143上，且第二弹簧144、第二从动轮142和第二凸轮141被限定于第二凸轮架145内，第二弹簧144始终处于压缩状态。
第二联动机构14的运作原理与第一联动机构13的类似，具体不再赘述。
第一联动机构13中的第一凸轮131和第二联动机构14中的第二凸轮141均是由驱动组件的驱动来实现转动的。
驱动组件17包括转动轴171和拉杆172，拉杆172的一端连接至转动轴171，第一凸轮131和第二凸轮141均连接至转动轴171，拉动拉杆172，第一凸轮131转动使得第一从动轮132沿第一凸轮131的侧缘滚动进而带动第一连接块组133和下压件15沿第一方向Y移动，第二凸轮141转动使得第二从动轮142沿第二凸轮141的侧缘滚动进而带动第二连接块组143和导向件16沿第二方向X移动。
通过该驱动组件17实现对第一联动机构13和第二联动机构14的驱动，这种方式中，导向件16由第二方向X的撤出过程是随着下压件15沿第一方向Y的下压同步持续进行的。请再次参阅图3，为使得导向件16在第二方向X的撤出更为顺畅，导向件16进一步包括第二导向面162，第二导向面162在第二方向X上也是锥形导向，当导向件16沿着第二方向X自骨架21中抽离时，第二导向面162贴合于骨架21脱出。
驱动组件17进一步包括限位块173，限位块173用于限制拉杆172的转动角度，以限制骨架21插入铁芯22的深度。并且保证了制造过程的一致性，即每次骨架21的安装，其插入铁芯22的深度都是一样的。
组装治具100中还进一步包括支架18，驱动组件17的转动轴171转动支撑于支架18上，使得整个组装治具100的结构更为稳定。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明电机的组装治具第二实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式组装治具400能够同时对多个骨架21进行安装，同样包括压入组件41和导向组件42，其工作原理与上述组装治具100类似，相同之处不再赘述。
不同之处在于本实施方式中，导向组件42包括第二联动机构421和多个导向件422，而第二联动机构421则同时带动多个导向件422沿第二方向X分别自多个骨架21中抽离。
压入组件41也包括第一联动机构411和下压件412，第一联动机构411带动下压件412将多个骨架21分别沿第一方向Y压入多个铁芯22中。
多个骨架21和铁芯22沿第三方向Z依次排列，对应的多个导向件422也是沿第三方向依次排列，将多个导向件422连接起来，通过第二联动机构421实现同时驱动。对于下压件412，可设置多个沿第三方向Z依次排列，且共同连接于第一联动机构411以实现同时驱动；也可设置为沿第三方向延伸的长条状，以能够将多个骨架21同时下压入铁芯22。
考虑到组装治具400的平衡性，并不适合对过多的骨架21进行安装，本实施方式中以2个为例进行说明，实际生产中一般同时安装2个或3个骨架21。
请参阅图5，图5是本发明电极的组装治具第三实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式组装治具500能够同时对多个骨架21进行安装，同样包括压入组件51、导向组件52和驱动组件53，其工作原理与上述组装治具100类似，相同之处不再赘述。
不同之处在于，本实施方式中驱动组件53包括第一气缸531和第二气缸532，第一气缸531驱动压入组件51的第一联动机构511，同时第二气缸432驱动导向组件52的第二联动机构521。其中气缸也可用电动缸代替。
本发明实施方式所公开的电机的组装治具，该电机包括骨架和铁芯，组装治具用于将骨架插入铁芯，其包括导向组件和压入组件，该导向组件包括第一联动机构和导向件，压入组件包括第二联动机构和下压件；将骨架沿第一方向插入导向件后，第二联动机构带动下压件将骨架沿第一方向压入铁芯中；在骨架和铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，第一联动机构带动导向件沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向自骨架中抽离。本发明中的组装治具通过导向件来撑开骨架下端，下压件来将骨架压入铁芯中，并利用第一联动机构和第二联动机构实现在骨架插入铁芯的同时，导向件自骨架中抽离，无需人工操作，提高了工作效率及安装质量，且该组装治具结构简单易于实现。
需要指出的是，在本发明实施方式中提到的“第一”、“第二”等用语仅是根据需要采用的文字符号，在实务中并不限于此，并且该文字符号可以互换使用。
在上述实施方式中，仅对本发明实施方式进行了示范性描述，但是本领域技术人员在阅读本专利申请后可以在不脱离本发明实施方式的精神和范围的情况下对本发明实施方式进行各种修改。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电机的组装治具，所述电机包括所述骨架和铁芯，所述组装治具用于将所述骨架插入所述铁芯，其特征在于，所述组装治具包括压入组件和导向组件；所述压入组件包括第一联动机构和下压件，所述导向组件包括第二联动机构和导向件；
    将所述骨架沿第一方向插入所述导向件后，所述第一联动机构带动所述下压件将所述骨架沿所述第一方向压入所述铁芯中；在所述骨架与所述铁芯接触和/或接触后继续组装的过程中，所述第二联动机构带动所述导向件沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向自所述骨架中抽离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述组装治具进一步包括驱动组件，所述驱动组件用于同时驱动所述第一联动机构和所述第二联动机构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述第一联动机构包括第一凸轮、第一从动轮和第一连接块组，所述第一从动轮滚动设置于所述第一凸轮的侧缘，所述第一连接块组的一端连接所述第一从动轮，另一端连接所述下压件；所述第二联动机构包括第二凸轮、第二从动轮和第二连接块组，所述第二从动轮滚动设置于所述第二凸轮的侧缘，所述第二连接块组的一端连接所述第二从动轮，另一端连接所述导向件；所述驱动组件包括转动轴和拉杆，所述拉杆的一端连接至所述转动轴，所述第一凸轮和第二凸轮均连接至所述转动轴，拉动所述拉杆，所述第一凸轮转动使得所述第一从动轮沿所述第一凸轮的侧缘滚动进而带动所述第一连接块组和所述下压件沿所述第一方向移动，所述第二凸轮转动使得所述第二从动轮沿所述第二凸轮的侧缘滚动进而带动所述第二连接块组和所述导向件沿所述第二方向移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述组装治具进一步包括支架，所述转动轴转动支撑于所述支架上。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述第一联动机构进一步包括第一凸轮架和第一弹簧，所述第一弹簧套设于所述第一连接块组上，且所述第一弹簧、所述第一从动轮和所述第一凸轮被限定于所述第一凸轮架内，所述第一弹簧始终处于压缩状态。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述第二联动机构进一步包括第二凸轮架和第二弹簧，所述第二弹簧套设于所述第二连接块组上，且所述第二弹簧、所述第二从动轮和所述第二凸轮被限定于所述第二凸轮架内，在所述骨架组装至所述铁芯的过程中，所述第二弹簧始终处于压缩状态。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述驱动组件进一步包括限位块，所述限位块用于限制所述拉杆的转动角度，以限制所述骨架插入所述铁芯的深度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述第一方向是竖直方向，所述第二方向是水平方向。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述导向件包括第一导向面，所述骨架沿所述第一方向贴合所述第一导向面插入所述导向件，所述第一导向面在所述第一方向上锥形导向。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述导向件包括第二导向面，所述导向件沿着第二方向自骨架中抽离时，所述第二导向面贴合所述骨架，所述第二导向面在所述第二方向上锥形导向。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述导向件包括贴合面，在所述骨架插入所述铁芯的过程中，所述贴合面和与其接触的所述骨架外表面相互契合。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述导向组件包括多个导向件，所述第二联动机构带动所述多个导向组件沿所述第二方向分别自多个所述骨架中抽离。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的组装治具，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括第一气缸/电动缸以及第二气缸/电动缸，所述第一气缸/电动缸驱动第一联动机构，同时第二气缸/电动缸驱动第二联动机构。
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