WO2017102819A1 - Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite - Google Patents
Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017102819A1 WO2017102819A1 PCT/EP2016/080955 EP2016080955W WO2017102819A1 WO 2017102819 A1 WO2017102819 A1 WO 2017102819A1 EP 2016080955 W EP2016080955 W EP 2016080955W WO 2017102819 A1 WO2017102819 A1 WO 2017102819A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulation
- composite according
- insulation composite
- insulating layer
- diffusion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 silicon halide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to an insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond.
- a conventional insulation composite with a vapor-permeable insulation needs a diffusion-proof edge bond. This is intended to prevent water vapor from penetrating into the insulation composite and precipitating as condensate and also as ice formation. The consequences of this are microbial growth, as well as optical and mechanical destruction of the insulation composite.
- the diffusion-proof edge bond simultaneously leads to a thermal bridge over the edge bond and thereby to an increased thermal conductivity. Thus, the edge bond has a negative effect on the damage safety and the life of the component.
- WO2012 / 041823 A1 is a microporous, hydrophobic with organosilanes
- Thermal insulation molded body described with a hydrophilic surface whose surface is partially or completely firmly bonded with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer and partially solid with a non-porous, hydrophilic layer.
- DE-U-202004004187 discloses a vacuum insulation panel made of microporous silica or an airgel which is surrounded on at least one side edge by a frame. The frame is glued to the edges of the vacuum insulation panel.
- WO2014 / 095277 discloses an insulation composite with three insulation layers, namely a centrally arranged vacuum insulation panel and a double-sidedly applied insulation panel
- Thermal insulation panel based on pressed fumed silica.
- the insulation composite is formed by two U-profiles, which enclose the insulation composite with their thighs.
- the insulation composite can be provided on all sides with a U-profile, which adversely affects the thermal conductivity.
- the insulation composite can also be equipped in particular with rectangular plates with only two U-profiles, which are each mounted on opposite sides, which reduces the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an insulation composite which remains dimensionally stable and weather-resistant in contact with water.
- the invention relates to an insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, comprising a plurality of gap-free laid consecutive plate-shaped layers comprising
- insulating layer (1) in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, preferably with a thermal conductivity of 0.001 - 0.010 W / (m * K),
- the webs (2) each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K), preferably 0.010-0.025 W / (m * K) and
- the determination of the thermal conductivity is carried out according to DIN EN 12667.
- diffusion is defined as Sd -? 0.5 m, diffusion-inhibiting than
- the sd value is the product of thickness of
- Non-capillary means that the water absorption coefficient w of the material
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that between the insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a
- Thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic
- Thermal insulation material is located.
- the thermal insulation material of the webs and the thermal insulation board of the insulating layer (5) may contain, for example, a pyrogenic silica, a precipitated silica, an airgel, a polystyrene, a polyurethane or a polymethyl methacrylate as non-capillary active, diffusion-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material.
- Hydrophobic in the context of the invention is intended to include those materials which have inherently hydrophobic properties, as well as those obtained by a hydrophobic reaction of a hydrophilic material.
- Particularly suitable is a hydrophobized fumed silica.
- the starting material is a hydrophilic, fumed silica which is obtained by flame hydrolysis and is subsequently rendered hydrophobic.
- flame hydrolysis a vaporized or gaseous hydrolyzable silicon halide is reacted with a flame formed by combustion of hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas.
- the combustion flame provides water for the hydrolysis of the silicon halide and sufficient Heat available for the hydrolysis reaction.
- a silica produced in this way is called fumed silica. It is in the form of aggregates, which because of their
- fumed silicas are ideal thermal insulators because the aggregate structure provides sufficient mechanical stability, minimizes heat transfer through solid state conductivity across the very small contact points within an aggregate, and produces sufficiently high porosity.
- a plate is prepared which contains the hydrophilic, fumed silica. This is subsequently rendered hydrophobic under reduced pressure or overpressure.
- hydrophobing preference is given to using organosilanes which react with the silanol groups of the hydrophilic constituents of the thermal insulation mixture.
- Organosilanes are R n -Si-X 4 -n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH 3 ) 3-Si- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n-OH,
- the plate further preferably contains IR opacifiers and stabilizing, inorganic fibers, for example glass fibers.
- IR opacifiers are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenites, iron titanates, iron oxides, zirconium silicates, silicon carbide, manganese oxides, graphites and / or carbon blacks.
- the particle size of the opacifier is usually between 0, 1 and 25 ⁇ .
- the mean particle diameter d 50 is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the proportion in the thermal insulation panel of hydrophobic silica is preferred
- the insulation composite according to the invention has two cover layers (3) made of a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material.
- This material can be made of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass, for example.
- the cover layer should have sufficient rigidity to ensure the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
- the cover layer should have a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
- the cover layer (4) consists of several layers. It is also possible to provide a capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-open side on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) with a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material on the side facing the insulating material. If this material has sufficient mechanical stability, the non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight layer can then be designed as a very thin layer, smaller than 0.5 mm, on the side facing the insulating layer.
- natural stone or exposed concrete may be mentioned as a vapor-permeable, capillary-active layer on the the insulating material side facing are provided with a two-component epoxy resin coating.
- the anchors of the insulation composite according to the invention are preferably made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than ⁇ 0.035 W / (m * K), for example made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
- Another object of the invention is the use of the invention
- Insulation composite in the insulation of a building envelope comprising facades, roofs, ceiling doors, prefabricated facade elements, prefabricated houses, a vehicle shell comprising cars, trucks, aircraft, helicopters, ships, spaceships, of transport and storage containers for temperature-sensitive goods.
- Figure 1 shows a sketch of the insulation composite according to the invention with insulation layer with VIP (1), webs (2), cover layer (3), anchor (4) and optional insulation layer (5).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an insulating composite having a permeable edge composite, constructed of a plurality of sheet-type layers laid in succession without gaps comprising a) at least one insulating layer (1) comprising a plurality of vacuum insulation panels separated from each other on all sides by bridges (2) which constitute the edge of the insulating layer (1), wherein each bridge consists of a capillary-inactive, permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material having a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W/(m*K), b) two cover layers (3), which consist of a capillary-inactive, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material, and c) a plurality of anchors (4), which are attached to the cover layers and frictionally connect the two cover layers to each other and penetrate the insulating layer (1) in the region of the bridges.
Description
Isolationsverbund mit diffusionsoffenem Randverbund Insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Isolationsverbund mit diffusionsoffenem Randverbund. The invention relates to an insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond.
Ein herkömmlicher Isolationsverbund mit einer diffusionsoffenen Dämmung braucht einen diffusionsdichten Randverbund. Hierdurch soll verhindert werden, dass Wasserdampf in den Isolationsverbund eindringt und sich als Kondensat und auch als Eisbildung niederschlägt. Die Folgen hiervon sind mikrobielles Wachstum, sowie optische und mechanische Zerstörung des Isolationsverbundes. Der diffusionsdichte Randverbund führt gleichzeitig zu einer Wärmebrücke über den Randverbund und dadurch zu einer erhöhten Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Damit wirkt sich der Randverbund negativ auf die Schadenssicherheit und die Lebensdauer des Bauteils aus. A conventional insulation composite with a vapor-permeable insulation needs a diffusion-proof edge bond. This is intended to prevent water vapor from penetrating into the insulation composite and precipitating as condensate and also as ice formation. The consequences of this are microbial growth, as well as optical and mechanical destruction of the insulation composite. The diffusion-proof edge bond simultaneously leads to a thermal bridge over the edge bond and thereby to an increased thermal conductivity. Thus, the edge bond has a negative effect on the damage safety and the life of the component.
Aus der EP-A-1436471 ist ein Isolationsverbund offenbart, bei dem ein Vakuum-Isolationspaneel und ein Dämmelement zwischen einer äusseren Abdeckung und einer inneren Abdeckung verklebt sind. From EP-A-1436471 an insulation composite is disclosed in which a vacuum insulation panel and an insulating element are bonded between an outer cover and an inner cover.
In der WO2012/041823 A1 ist ein mikroporöser, mit Organosilanen hydrophobierter In WO2012 / 041823 A1 is a microporous, hydrophobic with organosilanes
Wärmedämmformkörper mit hydrophiler Oberfläche beschrieben, dessen Oberfläche teilweise oder vollständig fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht oder teilweise fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht oder teilweise fest mit einer offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht und teilweise fest mit einer nicht offenporigen, hydrophilen Schicht verklebt ist. Thermal insulation molded body described with a hydrophilic surface whose surface is partially or completely firmly bonded with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer or partially solid with an open-pored, hydrophilic layer and partially solid with a non-porous, hydrophilic layer.
Die DE-U-202004004187 ist ein Vakuum-Isolations-Paneel aus mikroporöser Kieselsäure oder einem Aerogel offenbart, welches an zumindest einer Seitenkante von einem Rahmen umgeben ist. Der Rahmen ist an den Kanten des Vakuum-Isolations-Paneels angeklebt. DE-U-202004004187 discloses a vacuum insulation panel made of microporous silica or an airgel which is surrounded on at least one side edge by a frame. The frame is glued to the edges of the vacuum insulation panel.
In der WO2014/095277 ist ein Isolationsverbund mit drei Isolationsschichten offenbart, nämlich ein mittig angeordnetes Vakuum-Isolationspaneel und eine beidseitig aufgebrachte WO2014 / 095277 discloses an insulation composite with three insulation layers, namely a centrally arranged vacuum insulation panel and a double-sidedly applied insulation panel
Wärmedämmplatte auf Basis gepresster pyrogener Kieselsäure. Der Isolationsverbund wird durch zwei U-Profile, die mit ihren Schenkeln den Isolationsverbund umschließen, Thermal insulation panel based on pressed fumed silica. The insulation composite is formed by two U-profiles, which enclose the insulation composite with their thighs.
zusammengehalten. Der Isolationsverbund kann allseitig mit einem U-Profil versehen sein, was die Wärmeleitfähigkeit nachteilig beeinflusst. Der Isolationsverbund kann auch insbesondere bei rechteckigen Platten mit nur zwei U-Profilen, die jeweils an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angebracht sind, ausgestattet sein, was die mechanische Stabilität des Isolationsverbundes verringert. held together. The insulation composite can be provided on all sides with a U-profile, which adversely affects the thermal conductivity. The insulation composite can also be equipped in particular with rectangular plates with only two U-profiles, which are each mounted on opposite sides, which reduces the mechanical stability of the insulation composite.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es daher einen Isolationsverbund bereitzustellen, der im Kontakt mit Wasser form- und witterungsstabil bleibt. The object of the present invention was therefore to provide an insulation composite which remains dimensionally stable and weather-resistant in contact with water.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Isolationsverbund mit einem diffusionsoffenen Randverbund, aufgebaut aus mehreren spaltenfrei verlegten aufeinanderfolgenden, plattenförmigen Schichten umfassend The invention relates to an insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, comprising a plurality of gap-free laid consecutive plate-shaped layers comprising
a) wenigstens eine Dämmschicht (1 ), bei der eine Vielzahl von Vakuumisolationspaneelen, bevorzugt mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 0,001 - 0,010 W/(m*K), a) at least one insulating layer (1), in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, preferably with a thermal conductivity of 0.001 - 0.010 W / (m * K),
die jeweils allseitig durch Stege (2) voneinander getrennt sind und die Stege den Rand der
Dämmschicht (1 ) darstellen, wobei each on each other by webs (2) are separated from each other and the webs the edge of Insulating layer (1) represent, wherein
die Stege (2) jeweils aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsoffenen, hydrophoben Wärmedämmmaterial mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von höchstens 0,025 W/(m*K), bevorzugt 0,010-0,025 W/(m*K) bestehen und the webs (2) each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K), preferably 0.010-0.025 W / (m * K) and
b) zwei Deckschichten (3), aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmendem oder b) two outer layers (3) of a non-capillary active, diffusion-inhibiting or
diffusionsdichtem Material bestehen und consist diffusion-tight material and
c) eine Vielzahl von an den Deckschichten (3) angebrachten Ankern (4), die die beiden c) a plurality of attached to the cover layers (3) anchors (4), the two
Deckschichten kraftschlüssig miteinander verbinden und die Dämmschicht (1 ) im Bereich der Stege durchstossen. Connect the outer layers frictionally and pierce the insulating layer (1) in the area of the bars.
„Spaltenfrei" ist hierbei so zu verstehen, dass eventuelle Hohlräume in Ausmaß und Menge so gering sein müssen, dass das während einer Tauperiode im Innern des Bauteils anfallende flächenbezogene Wassermenge Mc, während einer Verdunstungsperiode anfallende "Column-free" is to be understood in this case that any voids in extent and amount must be so small that incurred during a dew period in the interior of the component surface-related amount of water M c , incurred during a period of evaporation
flächenbezogene Verdunstungsmenge Mev wieder an die Umgebung abgegeben werden kann, d.h. Mc < Mev, gemäß DIN 4108-3. area-related evaporation amount M ev can be returned to the environment, ie Mc <Mev, according to DIN 4108-3.
Die Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erfolgt nach DIN EN 12667. The determination of the thermal conductivity is carried out according to DIN EN 12667.
Nach DIN 4108-3 ist diffusionsoffen definiert als Sd -? 0,5 m, diffusionshemmend als According to DIN 4108-3, diffusion is defined as Sd -? 0.5 m, diffusion-inhibiting than
0,5 m < Sd <1500 m und diffusionsdicht Sd > 1500 m . Der Sd-Wert ist das Produkt aus Dicke der 0.5 m <Sd <1500 m and diffusion-proof Sd> 1500 m. The sd value is the product of thickness of
Schicht und der Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl. Layer and the water vapor diffusion resistance number.
Nicht-kapillaraktiv bedeutet, dass der Wasseraufnahmekoeffizient w des Materiales Non-capillary means that the water absorption coefficient w of the material
< 0,5 kg/m2h0 5 ist. <0.5 kg / m 2 h 0 5 .
Ein weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass sich zwischen Dämmschicht (1 ) und Deckschicht (3) wenigstens eine weitere Dämmschicht (5) bestehend aus einer A further embodiment of the invention provides that between the insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a
Wärmedämmplatte, enthaltend ein nicht-kapillaraktives, diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic
Wärmedämmmaterial befindet. Thermal insulation material is located.
Das Wärmedämmmaterial der Stege und der Wärmedämmplatte der Dämmschicht (5) kann als nicht-kapillaraktives, diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Wärmedämmmaterial beispielsweise eine pyrogene Kieselsäure, eine Fällungskieselsäure, ein Aerogel, ein Polystyrol, ein Polyurethan oder ein Polymetylmethacrylat enthalten. The thermal insulation material of the webs and the thermal insulation board of the insulating layer (5) may contain, for example, a pyrogenic silica, a precipitated silica, an airgel, a polystyrene, a polyurethane or a polymethyl methacrylate as non-capillary active, diffusion-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material.
Hydrophob im Rahmen der Erfindung soll solche Materialien umfassen, die von Natur aus hydrophobe Eigenschaften aufweisen, als auch solche die durch eine Hydrophobierungsreaktion aus einem hydrophilen Material erhalten werden. Hydrophobic in the context of the invention is intended to include those materials which have inherently hydrophobic properties, as well as those obtained by a hydrophobic reaction of a hydrophilic material.
Als besonders geeignet erweist sich eine hydrophobierte pyrogene Kieselsäure. Deren Particularly suitable is a hydrophobized fumed silica. their
Ausgangsmaterial ist eine hydrophile, pyrogene Kieselsäure, die durch Flammenhydrolyse erhalten und anschließend hydrophobiert wird. Bei der Flammenhydrolyse wird ein verdampftes oder gasförmiges, hydrolysierbares Siliciumhalogenid mit einer Flamme zur Reaktion bringt, die durch Verbrennung von Wasserstoff und eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases gebildet worden ist. Die Verbrennungsflamme stellt dabei Wasser für die Hydrolyse des Siliciumhalogenides und genügend
Wärme zur Hydrolysereaktion zur Verfügung . Ein so hergestelltes Siliciumdioxid wird als pyrogene Kieselsäure bezeichnet. Sie liegt in Form von Aggregaten vor, die aufgrund ihrer The starting material is a hydrophilic, fumed silica which is obtained by flame hydrolysis and is subsequently rendered hydrophobic. In flame hydrolysis, a vaporized or gaseous hydrolyzable silicon halide is reacted with a flame formed by combustion of hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas. The combustion flame provides water for the hydrolysis of the silicon halide and sufficient Heat available for the hydrolysis reaction. A silica produced in this way is called fumed silica. It is in the form of aggregates, which because of their
dreidimensionalen, offenen Struktur mikroporös und makroporös sind. Aufgrund dieser Struktur sind pyrogen hergestellte Kieselsäuren ideale Wärmedämmstoffe, da die Aggregatstruktur eine hinreichende mechanische Stabilität bewirkt, die Wärmeübertragung durch Festkörperleitfähigkeit über die sehr kleinen Kontaktstellen innerhalb eines Aggregates minimiert und eine ausreichend hohe Porosität erzeugt. three-dimensional, open structure are microporous and macroporous. Because of this structure, fumed silicas are ideal thermal insulators because the aggregate structure provides sufficient mechanical stability, minimizes heat transfer through solid state conductivity across the very small contact points within an aggregate, and produces sufficiently high porosity.
Bevorzugt wird wie in WO 2013/013714 beschrieben, zunächst eine Platte hergestellt, die die hydrophile, pyrogene Kieselsäure enthält. Diese wird nachfolgend bei Unterdruck oder Überdruck hydrophobiert. Zur Hydrophobierung werden bevorzugt Organosilane eingesetzt, die mit den Silanolgruppen der hydrophilen Bestandteile der Wärmedämm-Mischung reagieren. Als Preferably, as described in WO 2013/013714, first a plate is prepared which contains the hydrophilic, fumed silica. This is subsequently rendered hydrophobic under reduced pressure or overpressure. For hydrophobing, preference is given to using organosilanes which react with the silanol groups of the hydrophilic constituents of the thermal insulation mixture. When
Organosilane kommen Rn-Si-X4-n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH3)3-Si-(0-Si(CH3)2)n-OH, Organosilanes are R n -Si-X 4 -n, RsSi-Y-SiRs, RnSinOn, (CH 3 ) 3-Si- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n-OH,
HO-Si(CH3)2-(0-Si(CH3)2)n-OH, mit n = 1 -8; R = -H, -CH3, -C2H5; X = -Cl, -Br; -OCH3, -OC2H5, - OC3H8, Y= NH, O in Betracht. Explizit seien (CH3)3SiCI, (CH3)2SiCI2, CH3SiCI3, (CH3)3SiOC2H5, (CH3)2Si(OC2H5)2, CH3Si(OC2H5)3, (CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3, (CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3, HO-Si (CH 3 ) 2- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2) n -OH, where n = 1-8; R = -H, -CH 3 , -C 2 H 5; X = -Cl, -Br; -OCH 3 , -OC 2 H 5, - OC 3 H 8 , Y = NH, O into consideration. Explicitly (CH 3 ) 3 SiCl, (CH 3 ) 2 SiCl 2 , CH 3 SiCl 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiOC 2 H 5 , (CH 3 ) 2 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 2, CH 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiNHSi (CH 3 ) 3 , (CH 3 ) 3 SiOSi (CH 3 ) 3 ,
Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan, Hexamethyltricyclosiloxan und niedrigmolekulares Polysiloxanol der Formel (CH3)3Si(OSi(CH3)2)40H genannt. Die Platte enthält weiterhin bevorzugt IR-Trübungsmittel und stabilisierende, anorganische Fasern, beispielsweise Glasfasern. Geeignete IR-Trübungsmittel sind Titanoxide, Zirkonoxide, llmenite, Eisentitanate, Eisenoxide, Zirkonsilikate, Siliciumcarbid , Manganoxide, Graphite und/oder Ruße. Die Partikelgröße der Trübungsmittel liegt in der Regel zwischen 0, 1 und 25 μιτι. Bei Siliciumcarbid und Titanoxiden ist der mittlere Partikeldurchmesser dso bevorzugt 1 bis 10 μιτι, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 8 μιτι. Der Anteil in der Wärmedämmplatte an hydrophober Kieselsäure beträgt bevorzugt Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan, hexamethyltricyclosiloxane and low molecular weight polysiloxanol of the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si (OSi (CH 3 ) 2) called 40H. The plate further preferably contains IR opacifiers and stabilizing, inorganic fibers, for example glass fibers. Suitable IR opacifiers are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenites, iron titanates, iron oxides, zirconium silicates, silicon carbide, manganese oxides, graphites and / or carbon blacks. The particle size of the opacifier is usually between 0, 1 and 25 μιτι. In the case of silicon carbide and titanium oxides, the mean particle diameter d 50 is preferably 1 to 10 μm, more preferably 2 to 8 μm. The proportion in the thermal insulation panel of hydrophobic silica is preferred
45 - 95 Gew.-%, an IR-Trübungsmittel 5-35 Gew.-% und an anorganischen Fasern 45-95% by weight of IR opacifiers 5-35% by weight and of inorganic fibers
1 -5 Gew.-%. 1 -5 wt .-%.
Der erfindungsgemäße Isolationsverbund weist zwei Deckschichten (3) aus einem nicht- kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmendem oder diffusionsdichtem Material auf. Dieses Material kann zum Beispiel aus Blech, Aluminium, Edelstahl, Polymethylmethacrylat, Keramik oder Glas bestehen. Die Deckschicht soll eine ausreichende Steifigkeit aufweisen um die mechanische Stabilität des Isolationsverbundes zu gewährleisten. So sollte die die Deckschicht eine Dicke von wenigstens 0,5 mm aufweisen. The insulation composite according to the invention has two cover layers (3) made of a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material. This material can be made of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass, for example. The cover layer should have sufficient rigidity to ensure the mechanical stability of the insulation composite. Thus, the cover layer should have a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
Es ist jedoch möglich, dass die Deckschicht (4) aus mehreren Schichten besteht. Es ist ferner möglich, dass eine kapillaraktive, diffusionshemmende oder diffusionsoffene auf der von der Dämmschicht (1 ) abgewandten Seite mit einer gemäß der Erfindung nicht kapillaraktiven, diffusionshemmenden oder diffusionsdichten Material auf der dem Dämmstoff zugewandten Seite zu versehen. Sofern dieses Material eine ausreichende mechanische Stabilität aufweist, kann die nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionshemmende oder diffusionsdichte Schicht dann als sehr dünne Schicht, kleiner 0,5 mm auf der der Dämmschicht zugewandten Seite ausgeführt sein. Beispielhaft seien Naturstein oder Sichtbeton als diffusionsoffene, kapillaraktive Schicht genannt die auf der
dem Dämmstoff zugewandten Seite mit einer Zwei-Komponenten Epoxidharzbeschichtung versehen sind. However, it is possible that the cover layer (4) consists of several layers. It is also possible to provide a capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-open side on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) with a non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight material on the side facing the insulating material. If this material has sufficient mechanical stability, the non-capillary-active, diffusion-inhibiting or diffusion-tight layer can then be designed as a very thin layer, smaller than 0.5 mm, on the side facing the insulating layer. By way of example, natural stone or exposed concrete may be mentioned as a vapor-permeable, capillary-active layer on the the insulating material side facing are provided with a two-component epoxy resin coating.
Die Anker des erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsverbundes bestehen bevorzugt aus Materialien mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als < 0,035 W/( m*K), beispielsweise aus carbon- oder glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff. The anchors of the insulation composite according to the invention are preferably made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than <0.035 W / (m * K), for example made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Another object of the invention is the use of the invention
Isolationsverbundes bei der Isolierung einer Gebäudehülle umfassend Fassaden, Dächer, Decken Türen, vorgefertigte Fassadenelemente, Fertighäuser, einer Fahrzeughülle umfassend PKW, LKW, Flugzeuge, Hubschrauber, Schiffe, Raumschiffe, von Transport- und Lagerbehältnissen für temperaturempfindliche Güter. Insulation composite in the insulation of a building envelope comprising facades, roofs, ceiling doors, prefabricated facade elements, prefabricated houses, a vehicle shell comprising cars, trucks, aircraft, helicopters, ships, spaceships, of transport and storage containers for temperature-sensitive goods.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Skizze des erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsverbundes mit Dämmschicht mit VIP (1 ), Stege (2), Deckschicht (3), Anker (4) und optionaler Dämmschicht (5).
Figure 1 shows a sketch of the insulation composite according to the invention with insulation layer with VIP (1), webs (2), cover layer (3), anchor (4) and optional insulation layer (5).
Claims
1. Isolationsverbund mit einem diffusionsoffenen Randverbund, aufgebaut aus mehreren 1. insulation composite with a diffusion-open edge composite, composed of several
spaltenfrei verlegten aufeinanderfolgenden, plattenförmigen Schichten umfassend a) wenigstens eine Dämmschicht (1 ), bei der eine Vielzahl von Vakuumisolationspaneelen, die jeweils allseitig durch Stege (2) voneinander getrennt sind und die Stege den Rand der Dämmschicht_(1 ) darstellen, wobei a) at least one insulating layer (1), in which a plurality of vacuum insulation panels, each on all sides by webs (2) are separated from each other and the webs represent the edge of Dämmschicht_ (1), wherein
die Stege jeweils aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsoffenen, hydrophoben Wärmedämmmaterial mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von höchstens 0,025 W/(m*K) bestehen und the webs each consist of a non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material having a thermal conductivity of at most 0.025 W / (m * K) and
b) zwei Deckschichten (3), aus einem nicht-kapillaraktiven, diffusionsdichten oder b) two cover layers (3), from a non-capillary active, diffusion-tight or
diffusionshemmendem Material bestehen und consist of diffusion-inhibiting material and
c) eine Vielzahl von an den Deckschichten angebrachten Ankern (4), die die beiden c) a plurality of attached to the outer layers anchors (4), the two
Deckschichten kraftschlüssig miteinander verbinden und die Dämmschicht (1 ) im Bereich der Stege (2) durchstossen. Connect the outer layers frictionally and pierce the insulating layer (1) in the region of the webs (2).
2. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 2. insulation composite according to claim 1, characterized in that
sich zwischen Dämmschicht (1 ) und Deckschicht (3) wenigstens eine weitere Dämmschicht (5) bestehend aus einer Wärmedämmplatte enthaltend ein nicht-kapillaraktives, between insulating layer (1) and cover layer (3) at least one further insulating layer (5) consisting of a thermal insulation board containing a non-capillary active,
diffusionsoffenes, hydrophobes Wärmedämmmaterial befindet. vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material is located.
3. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 3. insulation composite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
das nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionsoffene, hydrophobe Wärmedämmmaterial eine the non-capillary active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobic thermal insulation material
hydrophobierte Kieselsäure umfasst. hydrophobized silica.
4. Isolationsverbund nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. insulation composite according to claim 3, characterized in that
die hydrophobierte Kieselsäure eine hydrophobierte, pyrogene Kieselsäure ist. the hydrophobicized silica is a hydrophobized, fumed silica.
5. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
das nicht-kapillaraktive, diffusionsoffene, hydrophobierte Wärmedämmmaterial ein IR- Trübungsmittel und/oder Fasern umfasst. the non-capillary-active, vapor-permeable, hydrophobized thermal insulation material comprises an IR opacifier and / or fibers.
6. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 6. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
die Deckschicht eine Dicke von wenigstens 0,5 mm aufweist. the cover layer has a thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
7. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass 7. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
die Deckschicht aus Blech, Aluminium, Edelstahl, Polymethylmethacrylat, Keramik oder Glas besteht. the cover layer consists of sheet metal, aluminum, stainless steel, polymethylmethacrylate, ceramic or glass.
8. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 8. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that
die Deckschicht auf der von der Dämmschicht (1 ) abgewandten Seite mit Naturstein oder the cover layer on the side facing away from the insulating layer (1) side with natural stone or
Sichtbeton versehen ist.
Exposed concrete is provided.
9. Isolationsverbund nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anker (4) aus Materialien mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als 9. insulation composite according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the armature (4) made of materials having a thermal conductivity of less than
0,035 W/(m*K) bestehen. 0.035 W / (m * K).
10. Verwendung des Isolationsverbundes gemäß der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 bei der Isolierung einer Gebäudehülle, einer Fahrzeughülle, von Transport- und Lagerbehältnissen für 10. Use of the insulation composite according to claims 1 to 9 in the insulation of a building envelope, a vehicle casing, of transport and storage containers for
temperaturempfindliche Güter.
temperature-sensitive goods.
Priority Applications (1)
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EP16815808.7A EP3390741A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-14 | Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102015225714.2A DE102015225714A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Insulation composite with diffusion-open edge bond |
DE102015225714.2 | 2015-12-17 |
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WO2017102819A1 true WO2017102819A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
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PCT/EP2016/080955 WO2017102819A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-14 | Insulating composite having a permeable edge composite |
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EP (1) | EP3390741A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015225714A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017102819A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
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US11427506B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing hydrophobic heat insulation material |
US11565974B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2023-01-31 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Granular thermal insulation material and method for producing the same |
US11920735B2 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2024-03-05 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for thermally insulating an evacuable container |
US11958981B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2024-04-16 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Granular mixed oxide material and thermal insulating composition on its basis |
US11987528B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2024-05-21 | Kingspan Insulation Limited | Process for hydrophobizing shaped insulation-material bodies based on silica at ambient pressure |
US12030810B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2024-07-09 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Thermal insulating composition based on fumed silica granulates, processes for its preparation and uses thereof |
US12060278B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2024-08-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing an aerogel material |
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EP1436471A1 (en) | 2001-09-05 | 2004-07-14 | Franz Feldmeier | Panel with a vacuum element for outer wall constructions |
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US11427506B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing hydrophobic heat insulation material |
US11565974B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2023-01-31 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Granular thermal insulation material and method for producing the same |
US11920735B2 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2024-03-05 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for thermally insulating an evacuable container |
US12060278B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2024-08-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing an aerogel material |
US11958981B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2024-04-16 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Granular mixed oxide material and thermal insulating composition on its basis |
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EP3390741A1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
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