DE202007013688U1 - Thermal insulation composite systems with hydrophobic, microporous thermal insulation core - Google Patents
Thermal insulation composite systems with hydrophobic, microporous thermal insulation core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE202007013688U1 DE202007013688U1 DE202007013688U DE202007013688U DE202007013688U1 DE 202007013688 U1 DE202007013688 U1 DE 202007013688U1 DE 202007013688 U DE202007013688 U DE 202007013688U DE 202007013688 U DE202007013688 U DE 202007013688U DE 202007013688 U1 DE202007013688 U1 DE 202007013688U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- thermal insulation
- hydrophobic
- core
- microporous
- composite systems
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 hydrophilic aerogels Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011824 nuclear material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005625 siliconate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;octadecanoic acid Chemical class [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;magnesium;silicic acid Chemical compound [Mg].[Mg].[Mg].[Fe].O[Si](O)(O)O.O[Si](O)(O)O BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Wärmedämmstoffverbundsysteme mit hydrophobem, mikroporösem Wärmedämmstoffkern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hydrophobierung des Kernmaterials mit Organosilanen während des Mischvorganges, vor der Verpressung zu Paneelen oder danach erfolgt und dass dieses Kernmaterial im Verbundsystem sowohl unter Normaldruck als auch unter Unterdruck gehalten wird.Thermal insulation composite systems with hydrophobic, microporous Thermal insulation core, thereby characterized in that the hydrophobization of the core material with organosilanes while the mixing process, before pressing into panels or afterwards takes place and that this nuclear material in the composite system under both Normal pressure is maintained as well as under negative pressure.
Description
Die Wärmedämmung zur Einsparung von Energie hat im Rahmen des Bewusstwerdens für nachhaltige Entwicklung und der Verteuerung von Energien einen hohen Stellenwert erhalten. Der Wärmedämmung kommt vor dem Hintergrund steigender Energiepreise, bei knapper werdenden Ressourcen, dem Streben nach einer Reduzierung des CO2-Ausstoßes, der Notwendigkeit nachhaltiger Reduzierung des Energiebedarfs, sowie auch zukünftig noch steigender Anforderungen an den Wärme- und Kälteschutz, eine immer höhere Bedeutung zu.Thermal insulation to save energy has been given high priority in the context of awareness of sustainable development and increased energy prices. Thermal insulation is becoming increasingly important in view of rising energy prices, dwindling resources, the search for a reduction in CO 2 emissions, the need for sustained reduction of energy requirements, as well as increasing demands on heat and cold protection in the future ,
Stand der Technik:State of the art:
Die heute vornehmlich verwendeten Wärmedämm- bzw. Isolierstoffe sind Materialien mit geringer Wärmeleitung. Gebräuchlich sind:The today mainly used thermal insulation or Insulating materials are materials with low heat conduction. common are:
Organische WärmedämmstoffeOrganic thermal insulation materials
- • Geschäumte Kunststoffe wie Polystyrol, Neopor, Polyurethan• Foamed plastics such as polystyrene, Neopor, polyurethane
- • Holzfaserwerkstoff wie Holzwolle und Kork• wood fiber material like wood wool and cork
- • pflanzliche oder tierische Fasern wie z.B. Hanf, Flachs, Wolle• herbal or animal fibers such as e.g. Hemp, flax, wool
Anorganische WärmedämmstoffeInorganic thermal insulation materials
- • Mineral- und Glaswolle, Schaumglas in Plattenform• mineral and glass wool, foam glass in sheet form
- • Kalzium-Silikat- und Gipsplatten• calcium silicate and gypsum boards
- • mineralische Schäume wie Porenbeton, Bimsstein, Perlite und Vermiculite• mineral foams such as aerated concrete, pumice, perlite and vermiculite
Diese
aufgeführten
herkömmlichen
Wärmedämmstoffe
werden, vornehmlich in Form von geschäumten oder verpressten Platten, allein
oder mit anderen eingesetzt. Sie zeigen allerdings folgende Schwächen im
Detail:
Alle diese Stoffe haben für die heute geforderten hohen
Ansprüche
eine zu geringe Wärmedämmungseffektivität. Die Wärmeleitzahlen
liegen durchgehend über
0,030 W/mK, haben daher einen hohen Raumbedarf und sind unter anderem
in der Wärmedämmung nicht
nachhaltig stabil.These listed conventional thermal insulation materials, primarily in the form of foamed or pressed plates, used alone or with others. However, they show the following weaknesses in detail:
All of these substances have too low thermal insulation effectiveness for today's high demands. The thermal conductivities are consistently above 0.030 W / mK, therefore have a high space requirement and are not sustainably stable, among other things in the thermal insulation.
Weitere Nachteile sind:
- • bei organischen Isolierstoffen: Brennbarkeit
- • zu hohe Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme und Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Wasser
- • for organic insulating materials: flammability
- • too high moisture absorption and sensitivity to water
Sehr gute Isolierwirkung zeichnen die Vakuumisolationspaneele, auch VIP genannt, aus. Mit einer Wärmleitfähigkeit von etwa 0,004 bis 0,008 W/mK (je nach Kernmaterial und Unterdruck), weisen die Vakuumisolationspaneele eine 8 bis 25 mal bessere Wärmdämmwirkung wie konventionelle Wärmedämmsysteme aus. Sie ermöglichen daher schlanke Konstruktionen mit optimaler Wärmdämmung die sowohl im Baubereich, als auch im Haushaltsgeräte-, Kühl- und Logistikbereich eingesetzt werden können.Very good insulation characterize the vacuum insulation panels, also VIP called out. With a thermal conductivity from about 0.004 to 0.008 W / mK (depending on the core material and negative pressure), the vacuum insulation panels have an 8 to 25 times better thermal insulation effect like conventional thermal insulation systems out. they allow therefore slim constructions with optimal thermal insulation, both in the construction sector, as well as in home appliances, refrigeration and Logistics area can be used.
Diese VIP-Technologie weist aber folgende gravierende Nachteile auf:
- • Wenn diese evakuierten Paneele durch Beschädigungen belüftet werden, so bedeutet dies das Ende der sehr guten Wärmedämmung.
- • Die Lebensdauer ist durch die Diffusionsmöglichkeit von Gasen, durch die Barriere in die Vakuumpaneele, zeitlich begrenzt.
- • Bei kleinen Einheiten werden, durch Bildung von Wärmebrücken, die guten Dämmeigenschaften weitgehend wieder aufgehoben.
- • If these evacuated panels are vented due to damage, this means the end of the very good thermal insulation.
- • The lifetime is limited by the diffusion of gases through the barrier into the vacuum panels.
- • In small units, the formation of thermal bridges largely removes the good insulating properties.
Für den Bausektor gelten speziell noch folgende Nachteile:
- • Durch die notwendigen, gasundurchlässigen Barrieren sind die Paneelen nicht atmungsaktiv.
- • Handling und Verarbeitbarkeit vor Ort sind schwierig, bzw. nicht möglich.
- • Due to the necessary, gas-impermeable barriers, the panels are not breathable.
- • Handling and processability on site are difficult or not possible.
Niedrige Wärmeleitzahlen weisen mikroporöse Wärmedämmstoffe auf Basis von pyrogener Kieselsäure auf (0,020–0,024 W/mK). Pyrogene Kieselsäuren werden durch Flammenhydrolyse von flüchtigen Siliciumverbindungen wie z.B organischen und anorganischen Chlorsilanen hergestellt. Diese so hergestellten pyrogenen Kieselsäuren weisen eine hohe poröse Struktur aus und sind hydrophil.Low Thermal conductivities exhibit microporous thermal insulation based on fumed silica on (0.020-0.024 W / mK). Pyrogenic silicas are obtained by flame hydrolysis of volatile silicon compounds such as organic and inorganic chlorosilanes. These pyrogenic silicas produced in this way have a high porous structure and are hydrophilic.
Die Nachteile dieser mikroporösen Wärmedämmstoffe, auf Basis pyrogener Kieselsäuren, sind daher:
- • Hohe Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme, damit steigende Wärmeleitzahlen und somit gravierendes Nachlassen der Wärmedämmeigenschaften.
- • Im Bausektor kann dies zusätzlich zu Schimmelbildung führen
- • Bei Verwendung in Vakuumpaneelen kann durch die Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme ein Energietransport über Wassermoleküle stattfinden, wobei auf der warmen Seite Wassermoleküle verdampfen und auf der kalten Seite kondensieren. Dadurch werden große Energiemengen transportiert und somit die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Systems angehoben.
- • High moisture absorption, thus increasing thermal conductivity and thus serious decrease in thermal insulation properties.
- • In the construction sector this can additionally lead to mold growth
- • When used in vacuum panels, the absorption of moisture can transport energy through water molecules, with water molecules evaporating on the warm side and condensing on the cold side. As a result, large amounts of energy are transported, thus increasing the thermal conductivity of the system.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass durch hydrophobe, mikroporöse Platten – deren Herstellung in der Patentanmeldung 10 2007 020 716.8 beschrieben wird – als Kernmaterial in Wärmedämmstoffverbundsystemen, sowohl unter Normal- als auch unter Unterdruck, die oben beschriebenen Nachteile weitestgehend elimeniert werden.It has now been found that by hydrophobic, microporous plates - whose Production described in the patent application 10 2007 020 716.8 is - as Core material in thermal insulation composite systems, under both normal and negative pressures, those described above Disadvantages are largely elimi- nated.
Die Vorteile sind:
- • sehr niedrige Wärmeleitzahlen im Bereich von 0,018–0,024 W/mK unter Normaldruck, bzw. 0,004–0,008 W/mK – je nach Unterdruck im Kernmaterial
- • keine Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme und somit keine nachhaltige Veränderung der Wärmedämmwirkung, da der Energietransport durch Wassermoleküle zur kalten Dämmseite durch die Hydrophobierung nicht stattfindet
- • Very low thermal conductivities in the range of 0.018-0.024 W / mK under normal pressure, or 0.004-0.008 W / mK - depending on the negative pressure in the core material
- • No moisture absorption and thus no lasting change in the thermal insulation effect, since the energy transport through water molecules to the cold side of the insulation does not take place due to the hydrophobic treatment
Mikroporöse Wärmedämmmaterialien beinhalten als Basismaterial hochdisperse Substanzen als Konvektionsblocker, deren Teilchengröße im Nano-Bereich liegt, sowie Trübungsmittel zur Adsorbtion und Reflektion von Wärmestrahlung. Hinzu kommen Fasern, zur Verstärkung des Systems. Bevorzugt als Basismaterialien sind pyrogene Kieselsäuren. Erfindungsgemäß werden diese hydrophilen Dämmmstoffe mit Organosilanen umgesetzt und dadurch hydrophob gestaltet. Die Hydrophobierung des Kernmaterials erfolgt durch Umsetzung mit Organosilanen während des Mischvorganges, vor der Verpressung zu Paneelen oder danach.Microporous thermal insulation materials contain as base material highly dispersed substances as convection blockers, their particle size in the nano range lies, as well as opacifiers for adsorption and reflection of heat radiation. Add to that Fibers, for reinforcement of the system. Preferred base materials are fumed silicas. According to the invention these hydrophilic insulating materials reacted with organosilanes and thereby made hydrophobic. The Hydrophobization of the core material takes place by reaction with organosilanes while the mixing process, before pressing into panels or afterwards.
Pyrogene Kieselsäuren werden durch Flammenhydrolyse von flüchtigen Siliciumverbindungen wie z.B. organischen und anorganischen Chlorsilanen hergestellt. Diese pyrogenen Kieselsäuren weisen sich durch eine hohe poröse Struktur aus.fumed silicas are obtained by flame hydrolysis of volatile silicon compounds such as e.g. produced organic and inorganic chlorosilanes. These fumed silicas are characterized by a high porous Structure off.
Weitere Komponenten dieser Basismaterial-Mischung sind Verbindungen, die Wärmestrahlen im Infrarotbereich adsorbieren, streuen und reflektieren können. Sie werden allgemein als Trübungsmittel bezeichnet. Vorzugsweise weisen diese Trübungsmittel im Infrarot-Spektralbereich ein Maximum zwischen 1,5 und 10 μm auf. Die Partikelgröße dieser Teilchen liegt vor zugsweise zwischen 0,5–15 μm. Beispiele für derartige Substanzen sind Titanoxide, Zirkonoxide, Ilmenit, Eisentitanat, Eisenoxid, Zirkonsilikat, Siliciumcarbid, Manganoxid und Ruß.Further Components of this base material blend are compounds that Heat rays in Adsorb, scatter and reflect infrared range. she are commonly referred to as opacifiers. Preferably, these opacifiers in the infrared spectral range a maximum between 1.5 and 10 microns. The Particle size of these particles is preferably between 0.5-15 microns. Examples for such Substances are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenite, iron titanate, Iron oxide, zirconium silicate, silicon carbide, manganese oxide and carbon black.
Zur Armierung, also zur mechanischen Verstärkung, werden Fasern mit eingesetzt. Diese Fasern können anorganischen oder organischen Ursprungs sein.to Reinforcement, ie for mechanical reinforcement, fibers are used with. These fibers can of inorganic or organic origin.
Beispiele für anorganische Fasern sind: Glaswolle, Steinwolle, Basalt-Fasern, Schlacken-Wolle und keramische Fasern, die aus Schmelzen von Aluminium und/oder Siliciumdioxid, sowie weiteren anorganischen Metalloxiden bestehen. Reine Siliciumdioxidfasern sind z.B. Silica-Fasern.Examples for inorganic Fibers are: glass wool, rock wool, basalt fibers, slag wool and ceramic fibers consisting of melting aluminum and / or Silica, and other inorganic metal oxides exist. Pure silica fibers are e.g. Silica fibers.
Organische Fasern sind z.B.: Cellulosefasern, Textilfasern oder Kunststofffasern.organic Fibers are, for example: cellulose fibers, textile fibers or synthetic fibers.
Zum
Einsatz kommen folgende Dimensionen:
Durchmesser 1–12 μm, bevorzugt
6–9 μm; Länge 1–25 mm,
bevorzugt 3–10
mm.The following dimensions are used:
Diameter 1-12 μm, preferably 6-9 μm; Length 1-25 mm, preferably 3-10 mm.
Aus technischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen können der Mischung anorganische Füllmaterialien zugesetzt werden. Zum Einsatz kommen verschiedene, synthetisch hergestellte Modifikationen von Siliciumdioxid wie z.B. hydrophile Kieselsäureaerogele, gefällte Kieselsäuren, Lichtbogenkieselsäuren, SiO2-haltige Flugstäube, die durch Oxidationen von flüchtigem Siliciummonoxid, bei der elektrochemischen Herstellung von Silicium oder Ferrosilicium entstehen. Ebenso Kieselsäuren, die durch Auslaugen von Silkaten wie Calziumsilicat, Magnesiumsilicat und Mischsilicaten wie z.B. Olivin (Magnesium-Eisensilicat) mit Säuren hergestellt werden. Ferner kommen zum Einsatz natürlich vorkommende SiO2-haltige Verbindungen wie Diatomenerden und Kieselgure.For technical and economic reasons, inorganic filler materials can be added to the mixture. Various synthetically produced modifications of silicon dioxide are used, such as, for example, hydrophilic silica aerogels, precipitated silicas, arc silicas, SiO 2 -containing flue dusts which are formed by oxidations of volatile silicon monoxide, in the electrochemical production of silicon or ferrosilicon. Likewise, silicas which are prepared by leaching of silicates such as calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and mixed silicates such as olivine (magnesium iron silicate) with acids. Furthermore, naturally occurring SiO 2 -containing compounds such as diatomaceous earths and kieselguhr are used.
Ebenfalls können zur Anwendung kommen: thermisch aufgeblähte Mineralien wie Perlite und Vermiculite. Je nach Bedarf können feinteilige Metalloxide wie Aluminiumoxid, Titandioxid, Eisenoxid zugesetzt werden.Also can used are: thermally inflated minerals such as perlite and vermiculite. Depending on requirements, finely divided metal oxides such as alumina, titania, iron oxide.
Außerdem können leichte organische Füllstoffe wie Fasern, oder Sägeabfälle, die bei der Verarbeitung organischer Schäume wie Polyurethan oder Polystyrol anfallen zugesetzt werden. Diese Materialien verfügen über niedrige Dichten (<100 kg/m3) und führen somit nicht zu einer Erhöhung der Dichte des mikroporösen Dämmstoffkerns.In addition, light organic fillers such as fibers or sawing waste resulting from the processing of organic foams such as polyurethane or polystyrene may be added. These materials have low densities (<100 kg / m 3 ) and thus do not increase the density of the microporous insulation core.
Das
Kernmaterial muss nicht nur Wasser abstoßen, sondern auch die Anlagerung
und Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit verhindern. Verursacher dieser Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme,
sind die auf der Kieselsäure platzierten
Silanolgruppen, an denen sich das Wasser anlagert. Es ist bekannt
(
Aus
der
Eine chemische Nachbehandlung des Dämmstoffes mit Organosilanen nach der Verpressung ist sehr aufwändig, da eine Durchdringung des Kernmaterials nur sehr langsam, mit hohem Druck (Autoklaven) erfolgen kann. Außerdem wird bei diesem Verfahren die Struktur des Kernmaterials zum Teil zerstört.A chemical aftertreatment of the insulating material with organosilanes after compression is very complicated because a penetration of the core material only very slowly, with high Pressure (autoclave) can be done. Also, in this process the structure of the nuclear material partially destroyed.
In der Patentanmeldung 10 2007 020 716.8 wird beschrieben, dass eine Verdichtung und Verpressung des mikroporösen Dämmmaterials möglich ist, wenn Organosilanen während des Mischvorganges, unmittelbar vor der Verpressung zu Paneelen zugegeben wird. Die Reaktion der Organosilane mit den Silanolgruppen der Kieselsäure findet dabei während des Pressvorganges oder unmittelbar danach statt. Sie kann, je nach Bedarf, durch Wärmezufuhr oder Wärmeabfuhr (Kühlung) beschleunigt oder verzögert werden.In of the patent application 10 2007 020 716.8 is described that a Compression and compression of the microporous insulating material is possible when organosilanes during of the mixing process, added immediately before pressing into panels becomes. The reaction of the organosilanes with the silanol groups of the silica finds while the pressing process or immediately afterwards. It can, depending on Need, by heat or heat dissipation (Cooling) accelerated or delayed become.
Diese Organosilane haben gegenüber den herkömmlichen Hydropho-biermitteln wie Stearaten, Siliconaten Wachsen und Fetten, usw., den entscheidenden Vorteil, dass sie leicht verdampfbar sind, daher ist eine optimale Verteilung auf der Kieselsäureoberfläche und eine chemische Reaktion mit den vorhandenen Silanolgruppen der Kieselsäure eingehen. Somit werden die hydrophilen Silanolgruppen durch organophile hydrophobe Gruppen vollständig und andauernd ersetzt. Die Dampfdrücke der eingesetzten Organosilane liegen zwischen 20 und 250 hPa bei 20°C. Die Siedepunkte der einsetzbaren Organosilane liegen zwischen 40 und 130°C.These Organosilanes have opposite the conventional one Hydrophobicizers such as stearates, siliconates waxes and fats, etc., the decisive advantage that they are easily vaporized, Therefore, optimal distribution on the silica surface and undergo a chemical reaction with the existing silanol groups of the silica. Consequently The hydrophilic silanol groups are characterized by organophilic hydrophobic groups Groups completely and constantly replaced. The vapor pressures of the organosilanes used are between 20 and 250 hPa at 20 ° C. The boiling points of usable Organosilanes are between 40 and 130 ° C.
Durch Zugabe von geringen Mengen polarer Substanzen wie Wasser und Alkohol, kann die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit ebenfalls gesteuert werden.By Adding small amounts of polar substances such as water and alcohol, the reaction rate can also be controlled.
Zum
Einsatz kommen Verbindungen der Formeln Rn-Si-X4-n wobei
n = 1, 2 oder 3 sein kann
oder
R3Si-Y-SiR3 wobei
Y NH oder O sein kann
R = –CH3 und/oder H
-C2H5
X = Cl oder Br
-OCH3
-OC2H5
-OC3H5 Compounds of the formulas R n -Si-X 4-n are used
n = 1, 2 or 3 can be
or
R 3 Si-Y-SiR 3 where Y may be NH or O.
R = -CH 3 and / or H
-C 2 H 5
X = Cl or Br
-OCH 3
-OC 2 H 5
-OC 3 H 5
Derartige
Verbindungen sind z.B.
(CH3)3SiCl [Trimethylchlorsilan];
(CH3)2SiCl2 [Dimethyldichlorsilan];
CH3SiCl3 [Monomethyltrichlorsilan]
oder
(CH3)3SiOC2H5 [Trimethylethoxisilan];
(CH3)2Si(OC2H5)2 [Dimethyldiethoxisilan];
CH3Si(OC2H5)3 [Methyltriethoxisilan] sowie
(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3 [Hexamethyldisilazan];
(CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3 [Hexamethyldisiloxan].Such compounds are, for example
(CH 3 ) 3 SiCl [trimethylchlorosilane];
(CH 3 ) 2 SiCl 2 [dimethyldichlorosilane];
CH 3 SiCl 3 [monomethyltrichlorosilane] or
(CH 3 ) 3 SiOC 2 H 5 [trimethylethoxysilane];
(CH 3 ) 2 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 [dimethyldiethoxysilane];
CH 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 [methyltriethoxysilane] and
(CH 3 ) 3 SiNHSi (CH 3 ) 3 [hexamethyldisilazane];
(CH 3 ) 3 SiOSi (CH 3 ) 3 [hexamethyldisiloxane].
Bevorzugt werden erfindungsgemäß Trimethylethoxisilan, Dimethyldiethoxisilan, Methyltriethoxisilan, HexamethyldisilazanPrefers According to the invention, trimethylethoxysilane, Dimethyldiethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, hexamethyldisilazane
Die Zusatzmengen der Silane hängt von der spezifischen Oberfläche (BET-Oberfläche) der Kieselsäuren, deren Anteil an der Mischung, sowie der Art der Silane ab. Die Zugabemenge liegt zwischen 0,5–10 Gew.%, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 6 Gew.%. Die Zugabe der Silane erfolgt während der Mischungsherstellung in flüssiger Form, dabei ist es notwendig, dass eine innige Durchmischung der einzelnen Komponenten stattfindet.The Addition of silanes hangs from the specific surface (BET surface area) of silicas, their share of the mixture, as well as the type of silanes. The addition amount is between 0.5-10 % By weight, preferably between 1 and 6% by weight. The addition of silanes takes place during Mixing in liquid Form, it is necessary that an intimate mixing of individual components takes place.
Die Herstellung der hydrophoben, mikroporösen Dämmstoffmischung kann generell in diversen Mischaggregaten stattfinden. Bevorzugt kommen jedoch Planetenmischer zur Anwendung. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, die Fasern zuerst mit einem Teil der zweiten Mischkomponenten als eine Art Masterbatch vorzumischen, um damit ein vollständiges Aufschließen der Fasern zu gewährleisten. Nach dem Faseraufschluss erfolgt die Zugabe des größten Teils der Mischkomponenten. Als letztes in der Mischabfolge geschieht die Zugabe der flüssigen Silane.The Preparation of the hydrophobic, microporous insulation compound can generally take place in various mixing units. However, preference is given Planetary mixer for use. It is advantageous, the fibers first with a part of the second mixing components as one kind Masterbatch to complete a complete unlocking of the Ensuring fibers. After fiber pulping, most of the addition is made of the mixed components. Last happens in the mixing sequence the addition of the liquid Silanes.
Durch Zugabe von polaren Substanzen wie z.B. Spuren von Wasser kann der Vorgang ebenfalls noch beschleunigt werden. Hierbei sind Mengen von 0,2–1,5 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 0,35–0,5 Gew.% ausreichend.By Addition of polar substances, e.g. Traces of water can be Process also be accelerated. Here are quantities from 0.2-1.5 % By weight, preferably 0.35-0.5 % By weight is sufficient.
Unmittelbar nach Beendigung des Mischprozesses wird das Mischgut zu maßgenauen Platten verpresst.immediate after completion of the mixing process, the mix is to dimensionally accurate Pressed plates.
Im Allgemeinen ist das Kernmaterial bei Raumtemperatur, bereits nach dem Pressvorgang zum Teil, nach kurzer Dauer (2–12 Stunden) total wasserabstoßend.in the Generally, the core material is already at room temperature the pressing process partly, after a short time (2-12 hours) totally water repellent.
Die Rohdichte des Kernmaterials kann, je nach Wahl der Komponenten, zwischen 100–450 g/l, vorzugsweise 150–300 g/l betragen.The The density of the core material may, depending on the choice of components, between 100-450 g / l, preferably 150-300 g / l.
Zur Stabilisierung der Paneele werden dieselben mit Umhüllungen versehen, die aus einem Press-, Walz, Extrusions-Schaum- oder Faserwerkstoff bestehen, wobei der Kern sowohl unter Normaldruck als auch unter Unterdruck gehalten werden kann. Die Umhüllung kann für Normaldruckbedingungen ein- oder zweiflächig sein oder alle Flächen des Paneels umhüllen, kann aber auch mehrschichtig gestaltet werden und kann an den verschiedenen Paneelseiten aus gleichem oder aus unterschiedlichem Umhüllungsmaterial bestehen. Bei Unterdruckbedingungen umfasst naturgemäß die Umhüllung alle Flächen des Paneels.to Stabilization of the panels become the same with claddings provided consisting of a pressed, rolled, extruded foam or fiber material, the core being under both normal pressure and under reduced pressure can be held. The serving can for Normal pressure conditions one or two surfaces or all surfaces of the panel envelop But it can also be designed multi-layered and can be adapted to the different Panel sides made of the same or different wrapping material consist. Under vacuum conditions, of course, the enclosure includes all surfaces of the panel.
Umhüllung unter Normaldruckwrapping under normal pressure
Die
verstärkende
Umhüllung
kann bestehen aus:
Karton, Holz, Gipskarton, Schrumpffolien
die nach dem Schrumpfprozess perforiert werden, diversen Kunststoffen,
Vliesgeweben, Glasfaser verstärkten Kunststoffen
(GFK) vorzugsweise auf Basis von Polyesterharz, Epoxidharz oder
PolyamidThe reinforcing cladding may consist of:
Cardboard, wood, plasterboard, shrink films which are perforated after the shrinking process, various plastics, nonwoven fabrics, glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) preferably based on polyester resin, epoxy resin or polyamide
Umhüllungen unter Unterdruckwrappings under negative pressure
Vakuumisolationspaneele auf Basis von Folien (Aluminium-Verbundfolien bzw. sog. metallisierte Folien) sind allgemein bekannt und hinlänglich beschrieben (vgl. hierzu VIP-Bau.de)Vacuum insulation panels based on foils (aluminum composite foils or so-called metallized films) are well known and described adequately (See VIP-Bau.de)
Die nach dem Mischprozess eingevliesten oder rohen mikroporösen Dämmplatten werden, nach Austreibung der flüchtigen Bestandteile wie Feuchtigkeit und entstehenden Reaktions-Spaltprodukten, gegebenenfalls mit Feuchtigkeit adsorbierenden Substanzen, den so genannten „Gettern", in eine vakuumdichte Umhüllung gebracht. Diese Getter können zum Beispiel Zeolithe sein.The after the mixing process, tiled or raw microporous insulation boards become, after expulsion of the volatile Components such as moisture and resulting reaction fission products, optionally with moisture adsorbing substances, the like called "getter", in a vacuum-tight wrapping brought. These getters can for example zeolites.
Die vakuumdichte Umhüllungen können sogenannte Aluminiumverbundfolien (Hersteller Gruber-Folien, Straubing), metallisierte Folien (Wipak, Hersteller Beutel: Gruber Folien-Straubing) sein oder vorzugsweise und erfindungsgemäß eine metallische Umhüllung auf Basis von Edelstahl oder Weißblech haben. Diese weisen, eine coextrudierte Beschichtung auf Basis eines Polyolefinterpolymers mit einer hervorragenden Haftung zum Metall und guten Barriereeigenschaften gegenüber Luft und Wasserdampf.The vacuum-tight cladding can so-called aluminum composite films (manufacturer Gruber-Folien, Straubing), metallized films (Wipak, manufacturer bag: Gruber Folien Straubing) or preferably and according to the invention a metallic enclosure Base of stainless steel or tinplate have. These show a coextruded coating based on a polyolefin polymer with excellent adhesion to the metal and good barrier properties across from Air and water vapor.
Zur kraftschlüssigen Verbindung der Umhüllungen, vornehmlich bei Verbünden von mehreren Schichten, werden Kleber eingesetzt. Diese sind vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus anorganischen Komponenten, wie Wassergläsern, Kieselsolen und Phosphaten, sowie aus organischen Verbindungen wie Reaktionsharzen, Kunststoffdispersionen oder Thermoplasten.to frictional Connection of the sheaths, especially in alliances of several layers, adhesives are used. These are preferably selected of inorganic components, such as water glasses, silica sols and phosphates, and from organic compounds such as reaction resins, plastic dispersions or thermoplastics.
Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren resultierenden Kernmaterialien, weisen bei einer Rohdichte von 120–300 g/l einen λ-Wert von nur 0,018–0,024 W/mK auf. Im Vergleich, Perlite mit einer Rohdichte von 120 g/l, je nach Abbindemittel 0,045–0,060 W/mK.The according to the inventive method resulting core materials have a bulk density of 120-300 g / l a λ value from only 0.018-0.024 W / mK on. In comparison, perlite with a bulk density of 120 g / l, depending on the setting agent 0.045-0.060 W / mK.
Die Anwendungsgebiete der erfindungsgemäßen Wärmedämmstoffverbundsysteme sind vielfältiger Art, sie werden unter anderem im Bau-, Haushalts-, Kühl- und Logistikbereich eingesetzt.The Areas of application of the thermal insulation composite systems according to the invention are diverse Kind, they are among other things in the building, household, cooling and Logistics area used.
Im
Baubereich sind dies vornehmlich: Fassadendämmung, Dachdämmung, Spezialdämmungen wie
z. B. hinter Heiz- und Wärmeaggregaten,
Rollädenkästen;
im
Haushaltsbereich sind dies bevorzugt: Kühl- und Gefrieraggregate, Warmwasserspeicher;
im
Kühlbereiche
vornehmlich: Kühl-
und Gefrierhäuser
und im Logistikbereich: Kühltransporter,
Kühlboxen
und Kühlcontainer,
Warmhaltecontainer und -transporter.In the construction sector, these are primarily: facade insulation, roof insulation, special insulation such. B. behind heating and heat units, blind boxes;
in the household sector, these are preferred: refrigeration and freezing units, hot water storage;
in the cooling areas mainly: refrigerated and freezer units and in the logistics sector: refrigerated transporters, coolers and refrigerated containers, holding containers and transporters.
Claims (12)
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DE102008023841A1 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-11-19 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Insulation element and method for producing the Dämmelements |
DE202009014578U1 (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2010-02-18 | Berkmann-Krumm, Claudia | Prefabricated heat-insulating cladding |
EP2180111A1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-04-28 | Rockwool International A/S | Thermally insulated building brick |
EP2233857A1 (en) | 2009-03-28 | 2010-09-29 | Claudia Berkmann-Krumm | Pre-assembled heat insulation shell |
DE102009046810A1 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-19 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Polymer-modified thermal insulation body useful as heat insulation materials, obtained by compacting a mixture of finely powdered metal oxide, opacifier, fiber material and polymerisate of ethylenically unsaturated monomers |
EP2204513A3 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-11-16 | Deutsche Amphibolin-Werke von Robert Murjahn Stiftung & Co KG | Multi-layer heat insulating board and method for building a heat insulated facade |
DE102010036535A1 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-01-26 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Method for metallizing mineral fibers and use thereof |
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2007
- 2007-05-03 DE DE202007013688U patent/DE202007013688U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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WO2012041823A1 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-05 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Microporous heat-insulating molded body which is hydrophobized with organosilanes and which comprises a hydrophilic surface |
DE102011051178A1 (en) * | 2011-06-19 | 2012-12-20 | Viktor Schatz | Heat and sound insulating material for e.g. transportation structure, has gas-permeable structure with intermediate spaces and inner surfaces, where gas/gas mixture is provided in spaces and inner surfaces are free from water skins |
DE102011121090A1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Thermal insulation element made of mineral wool, especially stone or glass wool |
WO2014105681A1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Window having vacuum insulated glass (vig) unit and frame including vacuum insulated structure (s) |
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WO2018234397A1 (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Porextherm Dämmstoffe GmbH | Thermal insulation body having a protective layer |
DE102017113782A1 (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Porextherm Dämmstoffe GmbH | Heat insulation body with protective layer |
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