WO2017101149A1 - 立式移动穿刺机器人 - Google Patents

立式移动穿刺机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017101149A1
WO2017101149A1 PCT/CN2015/098917 CN2015098917W WO2017101149A1 WO 2017101149 A1 WO2017101149 A1 WO 2017101149A1 CN 2015098917 W CN2015098917 W CN 2015098917W WO 2017101149 A1 WO2017101149 A1 WO 2017101149A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
puncture
motor
rotating
screw nut
vertical mobile
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PCT/CN2015/098917
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊璟
夏泽洋
甘志坚
刘勇
梁闳肆
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Publication of WO2017101149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017101149A1/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to a vertical mobile puncture robot.
  • the minimally invasive puncture surgery robots are mainly various multi-joint series manipulators, which can realize multi-degree-of-freedom multi-angle acupoint puncture, but due to the manual or electric operation adjustment, the motion control is complicated, and the motion accuracy is on the model. Accuracy is high and motion flexibility is low, resulting in limited stability and accuracy, and the response positioning is not fast enough.
  • Patent 201510091184.1 relates to a puncture surgical robot device with a circular arc bracket, which adopts a circular arc bracket to improve multi-position adaptive puncture, has the advantages of smooth motion, fast and compact structure, but is limited by the volume and shape of the arc support.
  • the puncture position and angle cannot be flexible. Only the outside of the thoracic cavity can move on the radius of the arc. Many positions and angles cannot be realized. For example, it is difficult to achieve horizontal puncture outside the thoracic cavity, and the volume is large. The bed is large and flat to be installed. It can be seen that the defects of the puncture device bring a lot of inconvenience to the clinical use and affect the use effect.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a vertical mobile puncture robot, which has flexible and variable puncture position and angle, can realize multi-angle and multi-mode puncture, has high positioning precision, fast movement speed, small volume and convenient operation.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot includes:
  • Chassis platform 2 lifting mechanism, rotating mechanism 6, tilt angle adjusting mechanism, translation mechanism and puncture actuator;
  • the lifting mechanism is coupled to the rotating mechanism 6, the lifting mechanism is mounted on the chassis platform 2, the rotating mechanism 6 is mounted on the top end of the lifting mechanism, and the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is mounted on the rotating mechanism 6; or , The rotating mechanism 6 is mounted on the chassis platform 2, the lifting mechanism is mounted on the top end of the rotating mechanism 6, and the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism;
  • the lifting mechanism is configured to adjust the height of the puncture position by lifting
  • the rotating mechanism 6 is configured to adjust a circumferential angle of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism, the translation mechanism, and the puncture actuator by horizontal rotation;
  • the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust an inclination angle of the puncture position
  • the translation mechanism is mounted on the tilt angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting a horizontal position of the puncture actuator
  • the puncture actuator is mounted on the translation mechanism for performing a puncture operation.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot further comprises:
  • the caster 1 is mounted on the bottom of the chassis platform 2 for moving the puncture robot.
  • a locking device is mounted on the caster 1 for fixing the puncture robot by the locking caster 1.
  • the number of casters 1 is more than three.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot further comprises:
  • the mobile platform is mounted on the bottom of the chassis platform 2 for moving the puncture robot.
  • the lifting mechanism comprises a first motor 3, a sleeve 4 and a push rod 5;
  • the first motor 3 is mounted on a sleeve 4, and the push rod 5 is mounted in a sleeve 4 for driving the push rod 5 to move up and down within the sleeve 4.
  • the rotating mechanism 6 includes a disk motor 61 and a rotating disk 62;
  • the disc motor 61 is fixed to a push rod 5 for adjusting the circumferential angle of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism, the shifting mechanism, and the puncture actuator by rotating the rotating disc 62.
  • the tilt angle adjustment mechanism includes a second motor 7 and a mounting plate 8;
  • the second motor 7 is mounted on the rotating disc 62;
  • the mounting plate 8 and the second motor 7 are connected by a rotating shaft;
  • the second motor 7 is used to rotate the driving rotary shaft to drive the mounting plate 8 to tilt, and adjust the tilting angle of the puncture position.
  • the tilt angle adjustment mechanism further includes a support block 18;
  • the support block 18 is mounted on a rotating disc 62 that is movably coupled to a rotating shaft for supporting the mounting plate 8, the translation mechanism, and the puncture actuator through a rotating shaft.
  • the translation mechanism includes a first screw nut mechanism 9, a third motor 10, and a slider 17;
  • the first screw nut mechanism 9 is mounted on the mounting plate 8;
  • the third motor 10 is mounted on one end of the first screw nut mechanism 9;
  • the lead screw of the first screw nut mechanism 9 penetrates the slider 17;
  • the third motor 10 is used to translate the slider 17 along the lead screw of the first screw nut mechanism 9 by driving the screw of the spindle nut mechanism 9.
  • the puncture actuator includes a second screw nut mechanism 11, a puncture needle 13, a moving slider 14 and a propulsion motor 16;
  • the second screw nut mechanism 11 is mounted on the slider 17 and moves as the slider 17 moves;
  • the propulsion motor 16 is mounted on one end of the second screw nut mechanism 11;
  • the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11 penetrates the moving slider 14;
  • the puncture needle 13 is mounted on the moving slider 14;
  • the propulsion motor 16 is configured to translate the moving slider 14 along the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11 by driving the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11, while driving the puncture needle 13 to translate.
  • the puncture actuator further comprises:
  • the rotary electric machine 15 is mounted on the moving slider 14, and the rotary electric machine 15 is for driving the puncture needle 13 to rotate.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot further comprises:
  • the bracket 12 is mounted on the second screw nut mechanism 11 for supporting the puncture needle 13.
  • the puncture robot can realize rapid lifting by the lifting mechanism, is more stable than the hydraulic or pneumatic method, has high motion positioning accuracy and sensitive response; and adopts a rotating and tilting angle adjusting mechanism to realize multi-angle and multi-directional
  • the puncture method is used for puncture.
  • the invention has the advantages of compact structure, stable movement, multi-angle and multi-mode puncture, and can be used for various kinds of puncture operations such as tumor ablation, tissue biopsy, and close-range particle implantation, and has high positioning precision and fast movement speed. Easy to operate and so on.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rotating mechanism of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a tilt angle adjustment mechanism of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a translation mechanism of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a piercing mechanism and a bracket of a vertical mobile puncture robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the existing puncture surgical robot has the following disadvantages: the motion control is complicated, the motion precision depends on the accuracy of the model, the motion flexibility is low, the stability and precision are limited, the response positioning is not fast enough, and the puncture position and angle cannot be flexible. Wait.
  • the present invention provides a vertical mobile puncture robot that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot includes: a chassis platform 2, a lifting mechanism, a rotating mechanism 6, a tilt angle adjusting mechanism, Translation mechanism and puncture actuator;
  • the lifting mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism 6, the lifting mechanism is mounted on the chassis platform 2, the rotating mechanism 6 is mounted on the top of the lifting mechanism, and the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is mounted on the rotating mechanism 6; or the rotating mechanism 6 is mounted on the chassis platform 2
  • the lifting mechanism is mounted on the top of the rotating mechanism 6, and the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism;
  • the lifting mechanism is configured to adjust the height of the puncture position by lifting
  • the rotating mechanism 6 is configured to adjust a circumferential angle of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism, the translation mechanism, and the puncture actuator by horizontal rotation;
  • the tilt angle adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust an inclination angle of the puncture position
  • the translation mechanism is mounted on the tilt angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting a horizontal position of the puncture actuator
  • the puncture actuator is mounted on the translation mechanism for performing a puncture operation.
  • the caster 1 in order to enable the puncture robot to move better, the caster 1 is attached to the bottom of the chassis platform 2, so that the overall movement of the puncture robot can be realized. In order to keep the puncture robot in balance while moving, caster 1 The number of the number needs to be more than three, and it can be four. Further, a lock device is attached to the caster 1, and after the position of the puncture robot at the bedside is determined, the puncture robot is fixed by the lock caster 1.
  • a mobile platform can be mounted on the bottom of the chassis platform 2, which also enables the puncture robot to move better.
  • the lifting mechanism may include a first motor 3, a sleeve 4 and a push rod 5; the first motor 3 is mounted on the sleeve 4, and the push rod 5 is mounted on In the sleeve 4, the push rod 5 is driven by the first motor 3 so that the push rod 5 can be moved up and down within the sleeve 4, as shown in Fig. 2, and the arrows indicate the direction of movement.
  • the adjustment rotation mechanism 6 may include a disc motor 61 and a rotary disc 62; wherein the disc motor 61 is fixed on the push rod 5 through the disc The motor 61 drives the rotary disk 62 to rotate, as shown in Fig. 3, and the arrows indicate the direction of motion.
  • the lifting mechanism can be mounted on the chassis platform 2, and the adjusting rotation mechanism 6 is mounted on the lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism and the adjusting rotation mechanism 6 can also be exchanged, that is, the adjusting rotation mechanism 6 can be mounted on the chassis platform 2,
  • the lifting mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism and can also perform the above functions.
  • the tilt angle adjusting mechanism may include a second motor 7 and a mounting plate 8; wherein the second motor 7 is mounted on the rotating disc 62, and the mounting plate 8 is The second motor 7 is connected by a rotating shaft, the mounting plate 8 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the second motor 7 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the second motor 7 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the mounting plate 8 is tilted, thereby puncturing the position.
  • the tilt angle is adjusted as shown in Fig. 4, and the arrows indicate the direction of motion.
  • the tilt angle adjustment mechanism may further include a support block 18 for supporting the other end of the rotating shaft to increase the motion stability and the rigidity of the mechanism.
  • the support block 18 is mounted on a rotating disk 62 that is movably coupled to the rotating shaft for supporting the mounting plate 8, the translation mechanism, and the puncture actuator through the rotating shaft, as shown in Figure 4, with arrows indicating the direction of motion.
  • the translation mechanism may include the first screw nut mechanism 9, the third motor 10, and the slider 17.
  • the first screw nut mechanism 9 is mounted on the mounting plate 8; the third motor 10 is mounted on one end of the first screw nut mechanism 9; the lead screw of the first screw nut mechanism 9 runs through the slider 17;
  • the three motor 10 drives the screw of the screw nut mechanism 9 to rotate, thereby driving the slider 17 to translate along the screw of the first screw nut mechanism 9, as shown in Fig. 5, the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of motion.
  • the puncture actuator may include a second screw nut mechanism 11, a puncture needle 13, a moving slider 14, and a propulsion motor 16.
  • the second screw nut mechanism 11 is mounted on the slide The block 17 moves with the movement of the slider 17; the propulsion motor 16 is mounted on one end of the second screw nut mechanism 11; the lead screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11 extends through the moving slider 14; the puncture needle 13 is mounted on the movement On the slider 14; the propulsion motor 16 drives the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11 to rotate, thereby driving the moving slider 14 to translate along the screw of the second screw nut mechanism 11, and simultaneously driving the puncture needle 13 to translate, as shown in the figure As shown in Fig. 6, the arrows indicate the direction of motion.
  • the puncture needle 13 When the puncture needle 13 enters the human body, slight bending may occur. In this case, the puncture needle 13 needs to be rotated, and the puncture actuator may further include a rotary electric machine 15 mounted on the movement. On the slider 14, the rotary motor 15 drives the puncture needle 13 to rotate, as shown in Fig. 6, in which the arrows indicate the direction of motion.
  • the advancement of the puncture needle 13 is achieved by the advancement motor 16, and the rotation of the puncture needle 13 is effected by the rotary motor 15, thereby controlling the puncture trajectory of the puncture needle 13.
  • the puncture needle used may be made of different materials, such as nickel titanium alloy, stainless steel, and the like.
  • the puncture needle may bend and the puncture direction of the puncture needle may not be maintained.
  • the present invention may further include a bracket 12 mounted on the second screw nut mechanism 11 for supporting the puncture needle 13, as shown in Fig. 6, in which the arrows indicate the direction of movement.
  • the vertical mobile puncture robot proposed by the present invention is combined with the lifting mechanism, the rotating mechanism, the tilting angle adjusting mechanism, the translation mechanism, the puncture mechanism and the bracket, and has the multi-degree of freedom of the conventional mechanical arm. Puncture, and has the advantages of smooth, fast and compact motion of the arc-screw needle surgical robot.
  • the lifting mechanism can realize rapid lifting, which is more stable and stable than the hydraulic or pneumatic method, and the motion positioning accuracy is high.
  • the multi-angle and multi-directional puncture method can be used for puncture by using the rotation and tilt angle adjustment mechanism. Mobile casters make it easy to move around the bed and choose the right position for the robot.
  • the invention has the advantages of compact structure, stable movement, multi-angle and multi-mode puncture, and can be used for various puncture operations such as tumor ablation, tissue biopsy, and close-range particle implantation, and has the advantages of high positioning precision, fast movement speed, convenient operation and the like.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

一种立式移动穿刺机器人,包括底盘平台(2)、升降机构、旋转机构(6)、倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构。升降机构安装于底盘平台(2)上,升降机构与旋转机构(6)连接,旋转机构(6)安装在升降机构顶端,倾斜角度调节机构安装在旋转机构(6)上,平移机构安装在倾斜角度调节机构上,穿刺执行机构安装在平移机构上;旋转机构(6)通过水平旋转调节倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度;倾斜角度调节机构调节穿刺位置的倾斜角度;平移机构调整穿刺执行机构的水平位置;穿刺执行机构进行穿刺操作。该穿刺机器人能够实现多角度和多方式的穿刺,定位精度高。

Description

立式移动穿刺机器人 技术领域
本发明涉及手术器械技术领域,特别涉及一种立式移动穿刺机器人。
背景技术
传统的穿刺手术是由医生人工进行完成或采用简易固定装置,存在着明显的缺点,比如:专科医生需要长时间的培训,手术方法技巧性强,手术风险性高;手术时间长操作复杂时医生容易疲劳,人手操作不稳定严重影响手术质量,增加患者手术风险。简易固定装置与床或超声探头等设备固定连接,活动范围较小,不能够满足快速移动和多角度定位的要求,并且调节速度、运动稳定性和精度有限,增加手术难度和风险。
近年来,微创手术技术不断发展,医生对于在手术中可对患处定位精确并且平稳灵活的穿刺设备具有很大需求。目前所提出的微创穿刺手术机器人主要是各种多关节串联机械臂,可以实现多自由度多角度方位的穿刺,但是由于采用的是手动或电动操作调整,运动控制复杂,运动精度对模型的准确性依赖较大,运动灵活性低,使得稳定性和精度有限,并且响应定位不够迅速。
专利201510091184.1涉及了一种具有圆弧支架的穿刺手术机器人装置,采用圆弧支架提高了多位置适应性穿刺,具有运动平稳、快速和结构紧凑等优点,但受限于圆弧支架的体积和形状,穿刺位置和角度不能灵活多变,只能胸腔外部以圆弧半径上活动,有很多位置和角度无法实现,例如在胸腔外对其进行水平穿刺很难实现,并且体积较大,要在手术床很大且平整位置才能安装。由此可见,穿刺设备的缺陷给临床使用带来很多不便,影响使用效果。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种立式移动穿刺机器人,穿刺位置和角度灵活多变,能实现多角度和多方式的穿刺,定位精度高,运动平稳速度快,体积小,操作方便。该立式移动穿刺机器人包括:
底盘平台2、升降机构、旋转机构6、倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构;
所述升降机构与所述旋转机构6连接,所述升降机构安装于底盘平台2上,所述旋转机构6安装在升降机构顶端,所述倾斜角度调节机构安装在所述旋转机构6上;或, 所述旋转机构6安装于底盘平台2上,所述升降机构安装在所述旋转机构6顶端,所述倾斜角度调节机构安装在所述升降机构上;
所述升降机构用于通过升降对穿刺位置的高度进行调整;
所述旋转机构6用于通过水平旋转对倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度进行调节;
所述倾斜角度调节机构用于对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节;
所述平移机构安装在所述倾斜角度调节机构上,用于对穿刺执行机构的水平位置进行调整;
所述穿刺执行机构安装在平移机构上,用于进行穿刺操作。
在一个实施例中,该立式移动穿刺机器人还包括:
脚轮1,安装于底盘平台2底部,用于移动穿刺机器人。
在一个实施例中,所述脚轮1上安装有锁止器件,用于通过锁止脚轮1对穿刺机器人进行固定。
在一个实施例中,所述脚轮1的数量多于3个。
在一个实施例中,该立式移动穿刺机器人还包括:
移动平台,安装于底盘平台2底部,用于移动穿刺机器人。
在一个实施例中,所述升降机构包括第一电机3、套筒4和推杆5;
所述第一电机3安装在套筒4上,所述推杆5安装于套筒4内,所述第一电机3用于驱动推杆5在套筒4内上下移动。
在一个实施例中,所述旋转机构6包括盘式电机61和旋转盘62;
所述盘式电机61固定在推杆5上,所述盘式电机61用于通过带动旋转盘62进行旋转,对倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度进行调节。
在一个实施例中,所述倾斜角度调节机构包括第二电机7和安装板8;
所述第二电机7安装在旋转盘62上;
所述安装板8与第二电机7之间通过旋转轴连接;
所述第二电机7用于通过驱动旋转轴旋转,带动安装板8倾斜,对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节。
在一个实施例中,所述倾斜角度调节机构还包括支撑块18;
所述支撑块18安装在旋转盘62上,所述支撑块18与旋转轴活动连接,用于通过旋转轴支撑安装板8、平移机构和穿刺执行机构。
在一个实施例中,所述平移机构包括第一丝杆螺母机构9、第三电机10和滑块17;
所述第一丝杆螺母机构9安装在安装板8上;
所述第三电机10安装于第一丝杆螺母机构9的一端;
所述第一丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆贯穿所述滑块17;
所述第三电机10用于通过驱动丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆旋转,使滑块17沿着第一丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆平移。
在一个实施例中,所述穿刺执行机构包括第二丝杆螺母机构11、穿刺针13、移动滑块14和推进电机16;
所述第二丝杆螺母机构11安装于滑块17上,随着滑块17的移动而移动;
所述推进电机16安装于所述第二丝杆螺母机构11一端;
所述第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆贯穿所述移动滑块14;
所述穿刺针13安装于所述移动滑块14上;
所述推进电机16用于通过驱动第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆旋转,使移动滑块14沿着第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆平移,同时带动穿刺针13平移。
在一个实施例中,所述穿刺执行机构还包括:
旋转电机15,安装于所述移动滑块14上,所述旋转电机15用于驱动穿刺针13进行旋转。
在一个实施例中,该立式移动穿刺机器人还包括:
托架12,安装在第二丝杆螺母机构11上,用于支撑穿刺针13。
在本发明实施例中,穿刺机器人通过升降机构可以实现快速升降,相比液动或气动方式更为平稳,运动定位精度高,响应灵敏;采用旋转和倾斜角度调节机构可以实现多角度多方位的穿刺方式进行穿刺,本发明结构紧凑,运动平稳,能实现多角度多方式的穿刺,可用于肿瘤消融、组织活检、近距离粒子植入等各类穿刺操作,具有定位精度高,运动平稳速度快,操作方便等优点。
另外,采用脚轮或移动平台,可以便于在床边移动,为机器人选择合适的位置。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明的限定。在附图中:
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人整体结构示意图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人的升降机构示意图;
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人的旋转机构示意图;
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人的倾斜角度调节机构示意图;
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人的平移机构示意图;
图6是是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人的穿刺机构和托架示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施方式和附图,对本发明做进一步详细说明。在此,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明用于解释本发明,但并不作为对本发明的限定。
现有的穿刺手术机器人,具有如下缺点:运动控制复杂,运动精度对模型的准确性依赖较大,运动灵活性低,稳定性和精度有限,响应定位不够迅速,穿刺位置和角度不能灵活多变等。本发明提出一种立式移动穿刺机器人,可以克服现有技术中存在的缺点。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种立式移动穿刺机器人整体结构示意图,如图1所示,该立式移动穿刺机器人包括:底盘平台2、升降机构、旋转机构6、倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构;
其中,升降机构与旋转机构6连接,升降机构安装于底盘平台2上,旋转机构6安装在升降机构顶端,倾斜角度调节机构安装在旋转机构6上;或,旋转机构6安装于底盘平台2上,升降机构安装在旋转机构6顶端,倾斜角度调节机构安装在升降机构上;
所述升降机构用于通过升降对穿刺位置的高度进行调整;
所述旋转机构6用于通过水平旋转对倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度进行调节;
所述倾斜角度调节机构用于对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节;
所述平移机构安装在所述倾斜角度调节机构上,用于对穿刺执行机构的水平位置进行调整;
所述穿刺执行机构安装在平移机构上,用于进行穿刺操作。
下面对所有结构进行详细说明。
具体实施时,为了使该穿刺机器人能够更好的移动,在底盘平台2的底部安装有脚轮1,可以实现穿刺机器人的整体移动。为了在移动时使穿刺机器人保持平衡,脚轮1 的个数需多于3个,可以为4个。另外,脚轮1上安装有锁止器件,在确定穿刺机器人在床边的位置后,通过锁止脚轮1对穿刺机器人进行固定。
除上述安装脚轮1外,还可以在底盘平台2的底部安装移动平台,同样能够使穿刺机器人更好的移动。
具体实施时,为了调整穿刺针在不同高度上进行穿刺,所述升降机构可以包括第一电机3、套筒4和推杆5;第一电机3安装在套筒4上,推杆5安装于套筒4内,通过第一电机3驱动推杆5,使推杆5可以在套筒4内上下移动,如图2所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
具体实施时,为了实现穿刺机器人上半部周向角度的调整,所述调节旋转机构6可以包括盘式电机61和旋转盘62;其中,盘式电机61固定在推杆5上,通过盘式电机61带动旋转盘62进行旋转,如图3所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
在实际当中,升降机构可以安装在底盘平台2上,调节旋转机构6安装在升降机构上;还可以将升降机构和调节旋转机构6进行调换,即调节旋转机构6可以安装在底盘平台2上,升降机构安装在升降机构上,同样可以完成上述功能。
具体实施时,为了实现穿刺针穿刺位置的倾斜角度的调节,所述倾斜角度调节机构可以包括第二电机7和安装板8;其中,第二电机7安装在旋转盘62上,安装板8与第二电机7之间通过旋转轴连接,安装板8与旋转轴固定连接,第二电机7与旋转轴固定连接,第二电机7驱动旋转轴旋转,带动安装板8倾斜,从而对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节,如图4所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
由于安装板8上安装有平移机构和穿刺执行机构,负载较大,因此,倾斜角度调节机构还可以包括支撑块18,用于支撑旋转轴的另一端,以增加运动稳定性和机构刚性。支撑块18安装在旋转盘62上,支撑块18与旋转轴活动连接,用于通过旋转轴支撑安装板8、平移机构和穿刺执行机构,如图4所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
具体实施时,为了可以调整穿刺针在水平方向上的穿刺位置,所述平移机构可以包括第一丝杆螺母机构9、第三电机10和滑块17。其中,第一丝杆螺母机构9安装在安装板8上;第三电机10安装于第一丝杆螺母机构9的一端;第一丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆贯穿所述滑块17;第三电机10驱动丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆旋转,从而带动滑块17沿着第一丝杆螺母机构9的丝杆平移,如图5所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
具体实施时,为了实现穿刺针的推进,所述穿刺执行机构可以包括第二丝杆螺母机构11、穿刺针13、移动滑块14和推进电机16。其中,第二丝杆螺母机构11安装于滑 块17上,随着滑块17的移动而移动;推进电机16安装于第二丝杆螺母机构11一端;第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆贯穿移动滑块14;穿刺针13安装于移动滑块14上;推进电机16驱动第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆旋转,从而带动移动滑块14沿着第二丝杆螺母机构11的丝杆平移,同时带动穿刺针13平移,如图6所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
上述只是可以完成穿刺针的推进,当穿刺针13进入人体后,可能会发生轻微弯曲,此时需要旋转推进穿刺针13,则所述穿刺执行机构还可以包括旋转电机15,安装于所述移动滑块14上,旋转电机15驱动穿刺针13进行旋转,如图6所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
通过推进电机16实现穿刺针13的推进,通过旋转电机15实现穿刺针13的旋转,从而控制穿刺针13的穿刺轨迹。
具体实施时,使用的穿刺针可以采用不同的材料制成,比如镍钛合金、不锈钢等。当使用某些刚度较低的穿刺针进行穿刺时,可能会发生穿刺针弯曲现象,无法保持穿刺针的穿刺方向。基于此,本发明还可以包括托架12,安装在第二丝杆螺母机构11上,用于支撑穿刺针13,如图6所示,图中箭头表示运动方向。
综上所述,本发明所提出的立式移动穿刺机器人通过升降机构、旋转机构、倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构、穿刺机构和托架组合运动,不仅具有传统机械臂多自由度多角度方位进行穿刺,而且具有圆弧支架穿刺针手术机器人的运动平稳、快速和结构紧凑优点。通过升降机构可以实现快速升降,相比液动或气动方式更稳平稳,运动定位精度高。采用旋转和倾斜角度调节机构可以实现多角度多方位的穿刺方式进行穿刺。移动式脚轮便于在床边移动,为机器人选择合适的位置。本发明结构紧凑,运动平稳,能实现多角度多方式的穿刺,可用于肿瘤消融、组织活检、近距离粒子植入等各类穿刺操作,定位精度高,运动平稳速度快,操作方便等优点。
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机 程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明实施例可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,包括底盘平台(2)、升降机构、旋转机构(6)、倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构;
    所述升降机构与所述旋转机构(6)连接,所述升降机构安装于底盘平台(2)上,所述旋转机构(6)安装在升降机构顶端,所述倾斜角度调节机构安装在所述旋转机构(6)上;或,所述旋转机构(6)安装于底盘平台(2)上,所述升降机构安装在所述旋转机构(6)顶端,所述倾斜角度调节机构安装在所述升降机构上;
    所述升降机构用于通过升降对穿刺位置的高度进行调整;
    所述旋转机构(6)用于通过水平旋转对倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度进行调节;
    所述倾斜角度调节机构用于对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节;
    所述平移机构安装在所述倾斜角度调节机构上,用于对穿刺执行机构的水平位置进行调整;
    所述穿刺执行机构安装在平移机构上,用于进行穿刺操作。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,还包括:
    脚轮(1),安装于底盘平台(2)底部,用于移动穿刺机器人。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述脚轮(1)上安装有锁止器件,用于通过锁止脚轮(1)对穿刺机器人进行固定。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述脚轮(1)的数量多于3个。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,还包括:
    移动平台,安装于底盘平台(2)底部,用于移动穿刺机器人。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述升降机构包括第一电机(3)、套筒(4)和推杆(5);
    所述第一电机(3)安装在套筒(4)上,所述推杆(5)安装于套筒(4)内,所述第一电机(3)用于驱动推杆(5)在套筒(4)内上下移动。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述旋转机构(6)包括盘式电机(61)和旋转盘(62);
    所述盘式电机(61)固定在推杆(5)上,所述盘式电机(61)用于通过带动旋转盘(62)进行旋转,对倾斜角度调节机构、平移机构和穿刺执行机构的周向角度进行调节。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述倾斜角度调节机构包括第二电机(7)和安装板(8);
    所述第二电机(7)安装在旋转盘(62)上;
    所述安装板(8)与第二电机(7)之间通过旋转轴连接;
    所述第二电机(7)用于通过驱动旋转轴旋转,带动安装板(8)倾斜,对穿刺位置的倾斜角度进行调节。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述倾斜角度调节机构还包括支撑块(18);
    所述支撑块(18)安装在旋转盘(62)上,所述支撑块(18)与旋转轴活动连接,用于通过旋转轴支撑安装板(8)、平移机构和穿刺执行机构。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述平移机构包括第一丝杆螺母机构(9)、第三电机(10)和滑块(17);
    所述第一丝杆螺母机构(9)安装在安装板(8)上;
    所述第三电机(10)安装于第一丝杆螺母机构(9)的一端;
    所述第一丝杆螺母机构(9)的丝杆贯穿所述滑块(17);
    所述第三电机(10)用于通过驱动丝杆螺母机构(9)的丝杆旋转,使滑块(17)沿着第一丝杆螺母机构(9)的丝杆平移。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述穿刺执行机构包括第二丝杆螺母机构(11)、穿刺针(13)、移动滑块(14)和推进电机(16);
    所述第二丝杆螺母机构(11)安装于滑块(17)上,随着滑块(17)的移动而移动;
    所述推进电机(16)安装于所述第二丝杆螺母机构(11)一端;
    所述第二丝杆螺母机构(11)的丝杆贯穿所述移动滑块(14);
    所述穿刺针(13)安装于所述移动滑块(14)上;
    所述推进电机(16)用于通过驱动第二丝杆螺母机构(11)的丝杆旋转,使移动滑块(14)沿着第二丝杆螺母机构(11)的丝杆平移,同时带动穿刺针(13)平移。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,所述穿刺执行机构还包括:
    旋转电机(15),安装于所述移动滑块(14)上,所述旋转电机(15)用于驱动穿刺针(13)进行旋转。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的立式移动穿刺机器人,其特征在于,还包括:
    托架(12),安装在第二丝杆螺母机构(11)上,用于支撑穿刺针(13)。
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