WO2017097164A1 - 一种低频振子及一种多频多端口天线装置 - Google Patents

一种低频振子及一种多频多端口天线装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017097164A1
WO2017097164A1 PCT/CN2016/108408 CN2016108408W WO2017097164A1 WO 2017097164 A1 WO2017097164 A1 WO 2017097164A1 CN 2016108408 W CN2016108408 W CN 2016108408W WO 2017097164 A1 WO2017097164 A1 WO 2017097164A1
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Prior art keywords
vibrator
low frequency
frequency oscillator
low
arms
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PCT/CN2016/108408
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢莫诺夫康斯坦
徐澄宇
李耀焕
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上海贝尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海贝尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海贝尔股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020207028821A priority Critical patent/KR102412429B1/ko
Priority to EP16872355.9A priority patent/EP3389138A4/en
Priority to JP2018530528A priority patent/JP7049994B2/ja
Priority to KR1020187019710A priority patent/KR20180085037A/ko
Priority to US16/060,545 priority patent/US11848492B2/en
Publication of WO2017097164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017097164A1/zh
Priority to US18/496,452 priority patent/US20240235017A9/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a low frequency oscillator and a multi-frequency multi-port antenna device including the low frequency oscillator.
  • the arrangement of the existing multi-frequency multi-port antenna devices is generally in a nested manner, as shown in Figure 1-a.
  • the high-frequency vibrator is in the middle of the low-frequency vibrator.
  • This arrangement inevitably leads to a great influence on the mutual coupling between the high- and low-frequency oscillators.
  • the standing wave of the high-frequency vibrator placed in the middle of the low-frequency vibrator becomes worse, the pattern is deformed, and the isolation index is difficult to debug.
  • the high-frequency oscillator placed on the periphery of the low-frequency oscillator is also significantly affected by the low-frequency oscillator arm. It has less influence on the standing wave and isolation, and has a greater influence on the pattern.
  • the middle high-frequency oscillator also affects the standing wave and isolation of the low-frequency oscillator. . It is usually necessary to simultaneously optimize the low frequency oscillator and the high frequency oscillator in this arrangement, which is very technically difficult.
  • the existing multi-frequency multi-port antenna device also often adopts an arrangement as shown in FIG. 1-b.
  • This arrangement determines that the vibrator arm of the low-frequency vibrator must be placed above the high-frequency vibrator due to the feeding mode of the low-frequency vibrator.
  • Decoupling between high and low frequency oscillators becomes a big problem.
  • Mutual coupling causes the pattern of high and low frequency oscillators to suddenly deteriorate in some frequency bands, resulting in a sudden deterioration of the antenna performance of these frequencies, and the direction of such low frequency oscillators.
  • the beam width is wide, which can not meet the high performance indicators required by customers.
  • a low frequency oscillator is provided, wherein the low frequency oscillator
  • the sub-arm has four vibrator arms that are placed horizontally vertically in a "+" shape and fed between each adjacent two mutually perpendicular vibrator arms.
  • the manner of feeding includes at least one of the following:
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is in the form of a sheet.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is cylindrical.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is a combination of a cylindrical solid wire and a cylindrical hollow metal casing, the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing and the transverse direction of the cylindrical solid wire.
  • the cross-sectional area is not the same.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is provided with a reverse current loop.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is provided with at least one groove.
  • a multi-frequency multi-port antenna device comprising: a main reflector, at least one array of low frequency oscillators disposed on the main reflector, and at least a column of at least one column of high frequency oscillators adjacent to the array of low frequency oscillators, wherein each of said at least one column of low frequency oscillator arrays includes at least one low frequency oscillator as described above, wherein said low frequency oscillator and said high frequency oscillator are not Block each other.
  • At least one corner of the four vibrator arms of the at least one low frequency vibrator placed horizontally and vertically in a "+" shape is provided with a high frequency vibrator.
  • the type of the high frequency vibrator disposed on the at least one corner may be different.
  • the cross-sectional area of the at least one vibrator arm in the shape of a column is set according to antenna performance requirements.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing and the cross-sectional area of the solid wire of the cylinder are respectively set according to antenna performance requirements.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator of the multi-frequency multi-port antenna device of the present invention are placed horizontally and vertically by using a "+" shape, and each adjacent two are perpendicular to each other.
  • the feeding between the vibrator arms forms a +/- 45 degree polarization, which solves the problem that the high and low frequency vibrator arms block each other, and is beneficial for reducing the mutual coupling between the high and low frequency vibrators.
  • the mutual coupling between the high and low frequency oscillators is further reduced by adding a reverse current loop to the vibrator arm of the low frequency vibrator, changing the shape, cross sectional area of the vibrator arm of the low frequency vibrator or opening a groove on the vibrator arm. And improve the pattern performance of the antenna device and change the standing wave bandwidth of the low frequency oscillator to improve the performance of the antenna device.
  • FIG. 1-a is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional multi-frequency multi-port antenna device
  • FIG. 1-b is a schematic structural diagram of another conventional multi-frequency multi-port antenna device
  • Figure 2-a shows a top view of a low frequency oscillator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2-b shows a side view of a low frequency oscillator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2-c illustrates a low frequency oscillator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2-d illustrates a low frequency oscillator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2-e illustrates a low frequency oscillator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3-a shows a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency multi-port antenna apparatus including the low frequency oscillator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3-b is a schematic diagram showing a high frequency vibrator disposed at a corner of a low frequency oscillator of a multi-frequency multi-port antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3-c shows a schematic diagram of two different types of high frequency oscillators disposed at two corners of a low frequency oscillator of a multi-frequency multi-port antenna arrangement in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a low frequency vibrator wherein the low frequency vibrator has four vibrator arms, the four vibrator arms are horizontally placed in a "+" shape, and each adjacent two are mutually Feed between the vertical vibrator arms.
  • FIG 2-a shows a top view of a low frequency oscillator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2-b shows a side view of a low frequency oscillator in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the low frequency vibrator 2 includes four vibrator arms 201 that are placed horizontally vertically in a "+" shape and fed between each adjacent two mutually perpendicular vibrator arms.
  • the vibrator arm 201 is connected to the feed line via the feed point 202 for soldering.
  • each of the vibrator arms has a feeding point 202 corresponding to the same position, and each adjacent two mutually perpendicular vibrator arms are fed with each other.
  • a +/- 45 degree polarized antenna element is formed.
  • the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator 2 are placed horizontally and vertically in a "+" shape, and are structurally identical to the horizontally vertically polarized antenna vibrator, but due to the feeding between two adjacent mutually perpendicular vibrator arms, A +/- 45 degree polarized antenna element is formed.
  • the low frequency antenna element of the structure overcomes the problem of mutual blocking of the high and low frequency oscillator arms when combined with the high frequency oscillator using the conventional +/- 45 degree polarized antenna element, which is beneficial to reduce the relationship between the high and low frequency oscillators.
  • Mutual coupling is beneficial to reduce the relationship between the high and low frequency oscillators.
  • the manner in which the low frequency vibrator feeds between two adjacent mutually perpendicular vibrator arms includes but is not limited to:
  • Coupled feed For example, a coupling feed is performed between each adjacent two mutually perpendicular vibrator arms 201 in the low frequency vibrator 2, as shown in FIG. 2-b, the feed line 207 is welded to the vibrator arm 201 through the feed point 202, and the feed line 207 is self-feeding.
  • the electric point 202 extends vertically upwards, as shown in the feeder section d1 in FIG. 2-b, and has a right angle bend in the middle as shown in FIG. 2-b.
  • the feeder section d4 is parallel to the d1, and the feeder section d4 is parallel to d1.
  • each adjacent two vibrator arms The coupling feed of each adjacent two vibrator arms is realized, and after the field strengths of the four vibrator arms are respectively combined and superimposed, for example, the field strengths 203 and 204 in FIG. 2-a are superimposed and combined, and 205 and 206 are superimposed and combined. Formed a +/- 45 degree polarized antenna element.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator 2 has a sheet shape.
  • the vibrator arm 201 of the low frequency vibrator 2 shown in Fig. 2-b is in the form of a sheet, and the vibrator arms of the sheet structure are placed vertically.
  • the vibrator arm adopts a sheet structure to facilitate the provision of grooves on the vibrator arm, optimizing the standing wave of the antenna, the pattern and the cross polarization discrimination rate, and the use of the sheet structure makes the processing and design more convenient.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator 2 has a columnar shape.
  • the columnar structure includes but is not limited to: a cylinder, a polygonal prism, or the like, and the polygonal prism includes but not Limited to: triangular prisms, quadrangular prisms or columnar bodies with multiple ribs.
  • FIG. 2-c illustrates a low frequency vibrator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the four vibrator arms 201 of the low frequency vibrator 2 adopt a cylindrical structure, and the vibrator arm 201 is horizontally placed in a "+" shape. And feeding between two adjacent mutually perpendicular vibrator arms 201.
  • the standing wave width of the low frequency vibrator 2 can be adjusted by changing the cross sectional area of the columnar structure of the vibrator arm 201.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator 2 is a combination of a cylindrical solid wire and a cylindrical hollow metal casing, the cross sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing and the solid wire of the cylinder
  • the cross-sectional area is not the same.
  • FIG. 2-d shows a schematic structural view of a low frequency oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vibrator arm of the low frequency oscillator 2 is composed of two parts: a solid wire of a quadrangular prism and an air core metal casing of a quadrangular prism.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing is different from the cross-sectional area of the solid conductor of the cylinder, preferably, the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing is larger than the solid conductor of the cylinder.
  • the air-core metal casing can function as a reverse current loop to cancel the high-low frequency between the high-frequency oscillators and the conventional +/-45-degree polarized antenna oscillator. Mutual coupling.
  • the standing wave bandwidth of the low frequency oscillator 2 can be adjusted.
  • the cylindrical hollow metal casing can also function as a reverse current loop to cancel the mutual coupling between the high and low frequencies.
  • the vibrator arm of the low frequency vibrator adopts a quadrangular prism as an example, and the structural shape of the vibrator arm existing or later may be applicable to the present invention, and should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention. And is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the number of the ribs constituting the cylinder of the low-frequency vibrator 2 vibrator arm may be the same or different, for example, may be a combination of a solid triangular prism and a hollow core triangular prism, or may be a solid triangular prism and an air core four.
  • Combinations of prisms, etc., other different combinations of cylinders, as applicable to the present invention are also intended to be included in the scope of the present invention, and are hereby incorporated by reference. Included here.
  • FIG. 2-e shows a schematic structural view of a low frequency vibrator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2-e, two segments of the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator 2 extend out of two segments 208, respectively.
  • the reverse current loop of the vibrator arm is constructed to cancel the mutual coupling between the high and low frequencies when combined with the high frequency oscillator using the conventional +/- 45 degree polarized antenna element; as shown in Figure 2-d
  • the hollow core metal casing can function as a reverse current loop, and can also cancel the high and low frequencies when the low frequency vibrator 2 is combined with the high frequency vibrator using the conventional +/- 45 degree polarized antenna vibrator.
  • At least one of the four vibrator arms is provided with at least one groove.
  • a plurality of grooves are respectively disposed on the four vibrator arms to change the pattern performance of the low frequency vibrator and adjust the cross polarization discrimination rate of the low frequency vibrator.
  • the low frequency vibrator can change the pattern performance of the low frequency vibrator and adjust the cross polarization discrimination rate of the low frequency vibrator by setting the groove, changing the number of the grooves, or changing the shape of the groove.
  • the shape or the number of the grooves provided on the vibrator arm is only an example, and the number of grooves can be set according to the requirements of the performance of the antenna, and the existing or future anti-groove may occur. Shapes, as applicable to the present invention, are also intended to be included within the scope of the invention and are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the low frequency oscillator can be used to directional antennas.
  • a multi-frequency multi-port antenna device wherein the antenna device includes: a main reflector, at least one column of low frequency oscillator arrays disposed on the main reflector, and the at least one column At least one column of high frequency oscillator arrays adjacent to the low frequency oscillator array, wherein each of the at least one column of low frequency oscillator arrays includes at least one of the low frequency oscillators, wherein the low frequency oscillator and the high frequency oscillator are not obscured from each other.
  • Fig. 3-a shows a schematic structural view of a multi-frequency multi-port antenna device including the low frequency oscillator.
  • the multi-frequency multi-port antenna device 3 includes: a main reflector 301, a column of low-frequency oscillator arrays 302 disposed on the main reflector 301, and two columns of high-frequency oscillator arrays 303 adjacent to the array of low-frequency oscillator arrays 302, wherein
  • the low frequency oscillator array 302 is composed of three low frequency oscillators 2, which are not shielded from each other.
  • the high-frequency vibrators in the two-row high-frequency oscillator array 303 are placed in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and are also placed in a straight line in the vertical direction, and the low-frequency oscillator array is arranged.
  • 302 is also placed in a straight line, and the high frequency vibrator and the low frequency vibrator are not blocked from each other.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned multi-frequency multi-port antenna device 3 is only an example, the number of low frequency oscillator arrays may have two columns, three columns or more columns, and the low frequency oscillator array 302 is composed of three low frequency oscillators 2 The composition is also merely an example.
  • Each of the at least one column of the low frequency oscillator arrays may include one, two, three or more low frequency vibrators 2 of the present invention, as long as at least one of each of the at least one column of the low frequency oscillator arrays is included.
  • the low frequency vibrator 2 can be applied to the present invention.
  • the number of the high frequency oscillator arrays 303 may also be set according to requirements, and may be one column, two columns, three columns or multiple columns.
  • the high-frequency vibrators in the two-row high-frequency oscillator array 303 are placed in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and are also placed in a straight line in the vertical direction.
  • the arrangement of the high-frequency vibrators in the high-frequency oscillator array may also be irregular.
  • the arrangement of the low frequency oscillators in the low frequency oscillator array may also be arranged in an irregular manner, as long as the arrangement of the low frequency oscillator and the high frequency oscillator is not mutually occluded, and the invention is applicable to the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3-b shows a schematic diagram of a high frequency oscillator provided at one corner of a low frequency oscillator of a multi-frequency multi-port antenna apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3-b, the low frequency oscillator A high frequency vibrator is provided at one corner of 2.
  • a high frequency vibrator is disposed at one corner of the low frequency vibrator 2 as an example, and a high frequency vibrator may be respectively disposed at any two corners of the low frequency vibrator 2, or may be provided in the low frequency vibrator 2 a high frequency vibrator is placed on any three corners, It is also possible to provide a high frequency vibrator at each of the four corners of the low frequency vibrator 2, as long as at least one of the corners of the at least one low frequency vibrator 2 is provided to be provided with a high frequency vibrator, which is also suitable for use in the present invention, and is also included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.
  • the type of the high frequency vibrator disposed on at least one corner of the at least one low frequency vibrator may be different.
  • the high frequency vibrator may adopt a horizontally placed sheet structure, as described in FIG. 1-a; or a vertically placed sheet structure, such as the low frequency vibrator sheet structure in FIG. 1-b.
  • the high frequency vibrators disposed at different corners of the at least one low frequency vibrator may respectively adopt different types of vibrator arms, as shown in FIG. 3-c.
  • the cross-sectional area of the at least one vibrator arm in the shape of a column is set according to antenna performance requirements. For example, when the bandwidth of the antenna required by the user is relatively narrow, the cross-sectional area of the vibrator arm can be set to be relatively small. When the user desires a wide-band antenna, the cross-sectional area of the vibrator arm can be set to be relatively large, or the vibrator arm can be used more.
  • the cross-sectional area is combined to facilitate flexible setting according to the requirements of antenna performance.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical hollow metal casing and the cross-sectional area of the solid wire of the cylinder are respectively set according to antenna performance requirements.
  • a wide cross-sectional area is used to design a broadband radiating element. If a special requirement for narrow frequency is required, a thinner cross-sectional area is considered.
  • the four vibrator arms of the low frequency vibrator of the multi-frequency multi-port antenna device are placed horizontally and vertically by using a "+" shape, and each adjacent two mutually perpendicular vibrator arms are interposed. Feeding, forming a +/- 45 degree polarization, solves the problem of high and low frequency oscillator arms occluding each other, which is beneficial to reduce mutual coupling between high and low frequency oscillators.
  • the high-low frequency vibrator is further reduced by adding a reverse current loop to the vibrator arm of the low-frequency vibrator, changing the shape of the vibrator arm of the low-frequency vibrator, or making a groove on the vibrator arm.
  • Mutual coupling and improve the pattern performance of the antenna device and change the standing wave bandwidth of the low frequency oscillator to improve the performance of the antenna device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种低频振子及一种多频多端口天线装置，其中，该低频振子具有四个振子臂，四个振子臂呈"+"字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电。该天线装置包括主反射板、设置于所述主反射板上的至少一列低频振子阵列及与所述至少一列低频振子阵列相邻的至少一列高频振子阵列，其中，所述至少一列低频振子阵列中的每一列中至少一个低频振子满足以下条件：所述低频振子具有四个振子臂，所述四个振子臂呈"+"字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电，形成+/-45度极化。所述多频多端口天线装置由于采用了上述低频振子的结构，解决了高低频振子臂互相遮挡的问题，减小了高低频振子之间的互耦。

Description

一种低频振子及一种多频多端口天线装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种低频振子及一种包括所述低频振子的多频多端口天线装置。
背景技术
现有的多频多端口天线装置的排列一般采用嵌套的方式，如图1-a所示。高频振子在低频振子中间，这种排列方式不可避免导致高低频振子之间互耦影响很大，导致放置在低频振子中间的高频振子驻波变差，方向图变形，隔离指标调试困难；放置在低频振子外围的高频振子，也受到低频振子臂的显著影响，对驻波，隔离影响小一些，对方向图影响大；中间的高频振子对低频振子的驻波和隔离度也有影响。通常需要按这种排列方式同时优化低频振子和高频振子，技术难度非常大。
现有的多频多端口天线装置还经常采用如图1-b所示的排列方式，这种排列方式由于低频振子的馈电方式决定了低频振子的振子臂一定会放置在高频振子的上方，高低频振子之间的去耦成为比较大的问题，互耦导致高低频振子的方向图在某些频段突然变差，导致这些频点的天线性能突然变差，同时这种低频振子的方向图波束宽度较宽，满足不了客户要求的高性能指标。
因此，如何在解决多频多端口天线装置中高低频振子之间的合理排列问题的同时解决高低频振子之间的强互耦成为本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低频振子及一种包括所述低频振子的多频多端口天线装置。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种低频振子，其中，所述低频振 子具有四个振子臂，所述四个振子臂呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电。
优选地，所述馈电的方式包括以下至少任一项：
耦合馈电；
直接馈电。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈片状。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈柱状。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂为柱体实心导线与柱体空芯金属外壳的组合，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积不相同。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有反向电流回路。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有至少一个凹槽。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种多频多端口天线装置，其中，该天线装置包括：主反射板、设置于所述主反射板上的至少一列低频振子阵列及与所述至少一列低频振子阵列相邻的至少一列高频振子阵列，其中，所述至少一列低频振子阵列中的每一列包括至少一个如上所述的低频振子，其中，所述低频振子与所述高频振子未互相遮挡。
优选地，所述至少一个低频振子的呈“+”字型水平垂直放置的所述四个振子臂的至少一个角上设置有一个高频振子。
更优选地，所述至少一个角上设置的高频振子的类型可以不同。
优选地，所述呈柱状的至少一个振子臂的横截面积根据天线性能需求进行设置。
优选地，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积根据天线性能需求分别进行设置。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明所述多频多端口天线装置的所述低频振子的四个振子臂通过采用“+”字型水平垂直放置的方式，并使每相邻的两个互相垂直 的振子臂之间进行馈电，形成+/-45度极化，解决了高低频振子臂互相遮挡的问题，有利于减小高低频振子之间的互耦。
进一步地，通过在低频振子的振子臂上增加反向电流回路，改变低频振子的振子臂的形状、横截面积或者在振子臂上开设凹槽等方式进一步减小高低频振子之间的互耦，并提高天线装置的方向图性能和改变低频振子的驻波带宽，提高天线装置的性能。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1-a示出一种现有的多频多端口天线装置的结构示意图；
图1-b示出另一种现有的多频多端口天线装置的结构示意图；
图2-a示出根据本发明一个实施例的低频振子的俯视图；
图2-b示出根据本发明一个实施例的低频振子的侧视图；
图2-c示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子；
图2-d示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子；
图2-e示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子；
图3-a示出根据本发明另一个实施例的包括所述低频振子的多频多端口天线装置的结构示意图。
图3-b示出根据本发明的一个实施例的多频多端口天线装置的一个低频振子的一个角上设置有一个高频振子的示意图；
图3-c示出根据本发明的另一个实施例的多频多端口天线装置的一个低频振子的两个角上设置有两个不同类型高频振子的示意图。
附图中相同或相似的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。
具体实施方式
在更加详细地讨论示例性实施例之前应当提到的是，这里所公开的具体结构和功能细节仅仅是代表性的，并且是用于描述本发明的示例性实施例的目的。但是本发明可以通过许多替换形式来具体实现， 并且不应当被解释成仅仅受限于这里所阐述的实施例。
这里所使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例而不意图限制示例性实施例。除非上下文明确地另有所指，否则这里所使用的单数形式“一个”、“一项”还意图包括复数。还应当理解的是，这里所使用的术语“包括”和/或“包含”规定所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件的存在，而不排除存在或添加一个或更多其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元、组件和/或其组合。
还应当提到的是，在一些替换实现方式中，所提到的功能/动作可以按照不同于附图中标示的顺序发生。举例来说，取决于所涉及的功能/动作，相继示出的两幅图实际上可以基本上同时执行或者有时可以按照相反的顺序来执行。
除非另行定义，否则这里使用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)都具有与示例性实施例所属领域内的技术人员通常所理解的相同的含义。还应当理解的是，除非在这里被明确定义，否则例如在通常使用的字典中定义的那些术语应当被解释成具有与其在相关领域的上下文中的含义相一致的含义，而不应按照理想化的或者过于正式的意义来解释。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。需要说明的是在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例特征可以相互组合。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种低频振子，其中，所述低频振子具有四个振子臂，所述四个振子臂呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电。
其中一个实施例例如图2-a，2-b所示。
图2-a示出根据本发明一个实施例的低频振子的俯视图，图2-b示出根据本发明一个实施例的低频振子的侧视图。低频振子2包括四个振子臂201，所述振子臂呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间馈电。如图2-b所示，振子臂201通过馈电点202连接馈线进行焊接。其中，每个振子臂上对应相同的位置处各有一馈电点202，每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电， 形成+/-45度极化天线振子。
在此，低频振子2的四个振子臂呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，结构上与水平垂直极化天线振子相同，但是由于相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电，形成了+/-45度极化天线振子。所述结构的低频天线振子在与采用传统的+/-45度极化天线振子的高频振子进行组合排列时，克服了高低频振子臂相互遮挡的问题，有利于减小高低频振子之间的互耦。
其中，所述低频振子每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电的方式包括但不限于：
1)耦合馈电。例如，上述低频振子2中每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂201之间进行耦合馈电，如图2-b，馈线207通过馈电点202与振子臂201进行焊接，馈线207自馈电点202垂直向上延伸，如图2-b中的馈线段d1，中间有一个直角折弯如图2-b中的馈线段d2和d3之间的直角弯折，馈线段d4与d1平行，实现每相邻的两个振子臂的耦合馈电，四个振子臂的场强分别进行组合叠加之后，例如，图2-a中的场强203和204进行叠加组合，205和206进行叠加组合，形成了+/-45度极化天线振子。
2)直接馈电。通过对每相邻的两个振子臂直接馈电，四个振子臂的场强分别进行组合叠加之后，形成了+/-45度极化天线振子。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述馈电方式仅为举例，现有的或以后可能出现的馈电方式如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
优选地，低频振子2的四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈片状。例如，图2-b示出的低频振子2的振子臂201采用的是片状结构，且该片状结构的振子臂呈垂直放置。振子臂采用片状结构便于在振子臂上设置沟槽，优化天线的驻波，方向图和交叉极化鉴别率等性能，而且采用片状结构使得加工和设计更方便。
优选地，低频振子2的四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈柱状。其中，所述柱状结构包括但不限于：圆柱、多棱柱等，所述多棱柱包括但不 限于：三棱柱、四棱柱或者有多个棱的柱状体。例如，图2-c示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子，所述低频振子2的四个振子臂201采用圆柱状结构，所述振子臂201呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，且相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂201之间馈电。
在此，通过改变振子臂201的柱状结构的横截面积可以调整低频振子2的驻波宽度。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述振子臂的结构形状仅为举例，现有的或以后可能出现的振子臂的结构形状如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
优选地，低频振子2的四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂为柱体实心导线与柱体空芯金属外壳的组合，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积不相同。例如，图2-d示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子的结构示意图，低频振子2的振子臂由两部分组成：四棱柱体的实心导线和四棱柱体的空芯金属外壳，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积不相同时，较佳地，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积大于所述柱体实心导线的横截面积时，所述空芯金属外壳可以起到反向电流回路的作用，以便在与采用传统的+/-45度极化天线振子的高频振子进行组合排列时，抵消高低频之间的互耦合。
在此，采用上述结构一方面可以调节低频振子2的驻波带宽，另一方面所述柱体空芯金属外壳还可以起到反向电流回路的作用抵消高低频之间的互耦合。
本领域技术人员应能理解上述低频振子的振子臂采用四棱柱体仅为举例，现有的或以后可能出现的振子臂的结构形状如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。另外，组成上述低频振子2振子臂的柱体的棱的数量可以相同也可以不同，例如，可以是实心三棱柱体与空芯三棱柱体的组合，也可以是实心三棱柱体与空芯四棱柱体的组合等，其他不同的柱体组合方式如可适用于本发明也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式 包含于此。
优选地，低频振子2的四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有反向电流回路。例如，图2-e示出根据本发明一个优选实施例的低频振子的结构示意图，如图2-e所示，低频振子2的四个振子臂中上分别延伸出两段导线208，导线208构成了振子臂的反向电流回路，以便在与采用传统的+/-45度极化天线振子的高频振子进行组合排列时，抵消高低频之间的互耦合；如图2-d所示，所述空芯金属外壳可以起到反向电流回路的作用，在低频振子2与采用传统的+/-45度极化天线振子的高频振子进行组合排列时，同样能够起到抵消高低频之间的互耦合的作用。
本领域技术人员应能理解上述反向电流回路的结构仅为举例，现有的或者今后可能出现的反向电流回路的结构如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
优选地，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有至少一个凹槽。例如，如图2-b所示，四个振子臂上分别设置有一个凹槽，以改变低频振子的方向图性能和调节所述低频振子的交叉极化鉴别率。
在此，低频振子可以通过设置凹槽、改变凹槽的个数或者改变凹槽的形状达到改变低频振子的方向图性能和调节所述低频振子的交叉极化鉴别率的效果。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述振子臂上设置的凹槽的形状或者个数仅为举例，凹槽个数可以根据天线性能的需求进行设置，现有的或者今后可能出现的反凹槽的形状如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
进一步地，所述低频振子可以用于定向天线。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种多频多端口天线装置，其中，该天线装置包括：主反射板、设置于所述主反射板上的至少一列低频振子阵列及与所述至少一列低频振子阵列相邻的至少一列高频振子阵列，其中，所述至少一列低频振子阵列中的每一列包括至少一个上述的低频振子，其中，所述低频振子与所述高频振子未互相遮挡。
其中一个实施例例如图3-a所示。
图3-a示出包括所述低频振子的多频多端口天线装置结构示意图。多频多端口天线装置3包括：主反射板301、设置于所述主反射板301上的一列低频振子阵列302及与所述一列低频振子阵列302相邻的两列高频振子阵列303，其中，低频振子阵列302由三个低频振子2组成，所述低频振子与所述高频振子未互相遮挡。图3-a所示多频多端口天线装置3中，所述两列高频振子阵列303中的高频振子在水平方向上呈直线放置，垂直方向上也呈直线放置，所述低频振子阵列302也呈直线放置，所述高频振子和所述低频振子未互相遮挡。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述多频多端口天线装置3的结构仅为举例，低频振子阵列的数目可以有两列、三列或者更多列，并且低频振子阵列302由三个低频振子2组成也仅为举例，上述至少一列低频振子阵列中每一列可以包括一个、两个、三个或者更多个本发明所述低频振子2，只要满足至少一列低频振子阵列中每一列包括至少一个所述低频振子2即可适用于本发明。所述高频振子阵列303的个数也可以根据需求进行设置，可以是一列，两列，三列或者多列。另外，所述两列高频振子阵列303中的高频振子在水平方向上呈直线放置，垂直方向上也呈直线放置也仅为举例，高频振子阵列中高频振子的排列也可以采用不规则的排列方式，所述低频振子阵列中低频振子的排列也可以采用不规则的排列方式，只要满足所述低频振子与所述高频振子的排列未互相遮挡即可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明的保护范围内。
优选地，所述至少一个低频振子的呈“+”字型水平垂直放置的所述四个振子臂的至少一个角上设置有一个高频振子。例如，图3-b示出根据本发明的一个方面的多频多端口天线装置的一个低频振子的一个角上设置有一个高频振子的示意图，如图3-b所示，所述低频振子2的一个角上设置有一个高频振子。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述低频振子2的一个角上设置有一个高频振子仅为举例，可以在低频振子2的任意两个角上分别设置一个高频振子，也可以在低频振子2的任意三个角上分别设置一个高频振子、 还可以在低频振子2的四个角上各设置一个高频振子，只要满足至少一个低频振子2的至少一个角上设置有一个高频振子即可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明的保护范围内。
优选地，所述至少一个低频振子的至少一个角上设置的高频振子的类型可以不同。例如，所述高频振子可以采用水平放置的片状结构，如图1-a中所述；也可以采用垂直放置的片状结构，如图1-b中的低频振子片状结构的放置方式直立放置高频振子的片状振子臂。进一步地，所述至少一个低频振子的不同的角上设置的高频振子可以分别采用不同类型的振子臂，如图3-c所示。
本领域技术人员应能理解上述高频振子振子臂的类型仅为举例，现有的或者今后可能出现的高频振子振子臂的类型如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
优选地，所述呈柱状的至少一个振子臂的横截面积根据天线性能需求进行设置。例如，当用户需求天线的带宽比较窄时可以将振子臂的横截面积设置为比较小，当用户需求宽带的天线时，可以将振子臂的横截面积设置为比较大，或者振子臂采用多种横截面积组合构成，便于根据天线性能的需求灵活设置。
本领域技术人员应能理解上述低频振子振子臂的设置方式仅为举例，现有的或者今后可能出现的低频振子振子臂的设置方式如可适用于本发明，也应包含在本发明保护范围以内，并在此以引用的方式包含于此。
优选地，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积根据天线性能需求分别进行设置。通常，采用较粗的横截面积来设计宽带的辐射单元，若需要满足窄频特殊要求，则会考虑设置较细的横截面积。
在此，所述多频多端口天线装置的所述低频振子的四个振子臂通过采用“+”字型水平垂直放置的方式，并使每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电，形成+/-45度极化，解决了高低频振子臂互相遮挡的问题，有利于减小高低频振子之间的互耦。
优选地，通过前述在低频振子的振子臂上增加反向电流回路、改变低频振子的振子臂的形状、横截面积或者在振子臂上开设凹槽等方式，进一步减小高低频振子之间的互耦，并提高天线装置的方向图性能和改变低频振子的驻波带宽，提高天线装置的性能。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化涵括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。此外，显然“包括”一词不排除其他单元或步骤，单数不排除复数。系统权利要求中陈述的多个单元或装置也可以由一个单元或装置通过软件或者硬件来实现。第一，第二等词语用来表示名称，而并不表示任何特定的顺序。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种低频振子，其中，所述低频振子具有四个振子臂，所述四个振子臂呈“+”字型水平垂直放置，且每相邻的两个互相垂直的振子臂之间进行馈电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低频振子，其中，所述馈电的方式包括以下至少任一项：
    耦合馈电；
    直接馈电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的低频振子，其中，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈片状。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的低频振子，其中，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂呈柱状。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的低频振子，其中，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂为柱体实心导线与柱体空芯金属外壳的组合，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积不相同。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的低频振子，其中，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有反向电流回路。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的低频振子，其中，所述四个振子臂中至少一个振子臂上设置有至少一个凹槽。
  8. 一种多频多端口天线装置，其中，该天线装置包括：主反射板、设置于所述主反射板上的至少一列低频振子阵列及与所述至少一列低频振子阵列相邻的至少一列高频振子阵列，其中，所述至少一列低频振子阵列中的每一列包括至少一个如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的低频振子，其中，所述低频振子与所述高频振子未互相遮挡。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线装置，其中，至少一个所述低频振子的呈“+”字型水平垂直放置的所述四个振子臂的至少一个角上设置有一个高频振子。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的天线装置，其中，所述至少一个角上设置 的高频振子的类型可以不同。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的天线装置，其中，所述呈柱状的至少一个振子臂的横截面积根据天线性能需求进行设置。
  12. 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的天线装置，其中，所述柱体空芯金属外壳的横截面积与所述柱体实心导线的横截面积根据天线性能需求分别进行设置。
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