WO2017081813A1 - 3次元積層造形装置、3次元積層造形装置の制御方法および3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラム - Google Patents
3次元積層造形装置、3次元積層造形装置の制御方法および3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017081813A1 WO2017081813A1 PCT/JP2015/081971 JP2015081971W WO2017081813A1 WO 2017081813 A1 WO2017081813 A1 WO 2017081813A1 JP 2015081971 W JP2015081971 W JP 2015081971W WO 2017081813 A1 WO2017081813 A1 WO 2017081813A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/343—Metering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
- B29C64/371—Conditioning of environment using an environment other than air, e.g. inert gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/77—Recycling of gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for supplying powder to a modeling room in a manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional layered object by laminating powders.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for storing in advance a powder supply container provided in a modeling chamber in an amount necessary for manufacturing a modeled object.
- the powder could not be supplied to the modeling room without interrupting the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object.
- an apparatus provides: A modeling room where a three-dimensional layered object is modeled; Powder storage means for storing powder conveyed to the modeling room; Provided between the modeling chamber and the powder storage means, connected to the modeling chamber via a first valve, connected to the powder storage means via a second valve, and temporarily stores the powder. Intermediate powder storage means; Valve control means for controlling opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve; Atmosphere control means for controlling the atmosphere inside the intermediate powder storage means and the atmosphere inside the modeling chamber; Is a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- a method for controlling a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus includes: A control method for the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus, A delivery step of delivering the powder from the powder storage means to the intermediate powder storage means; An intermediate powder storage step of temporarily storing the powder delivered from the powder storage means in the intermediate powder storage means; An atmosphere control step for controlling the atmosphere inside the intermediate powder storage means and the atmosphere inside the modeling chamber; including.
- a control program for a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus is: A control program for a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, A delivery step of delivering the powder from the powder storage means to the intermediate powder storage means; An intermediate powder storage step of temporarily storing the powder delivered from the powder storage means in the intermediate powder storage means; An atmosphere control step for controlling the atmosphere inside the intermediate powder storage means and the atmosphere inside the modeling chamber; Is executed on the computer.
- powder can be supplied to the modeling room without interrupting the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object.
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the load lock room with which the three-dimensional layered modeling apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is a figure explaining the outline
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 100 is an apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional additive manufacturing object 111 by laminating and curing powders. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a modeling chamber 101, a powder storage unit 102, an intermediate powder storage unit 103, a valve control unit 104, and an atmosphere control unit 105.
- the powder storage unit 102 stores the powder 121 conveyed to the modeling chamber 101.
- the intermediate powder storage unit 103 is provided between the modeling chamber 101 and the powder storage unit 102, includes two valves 131 and 132, is connected to the modeling chamber 101 via the first valve 131, and the second valve 132 is connected to the modeling chamber 101. And is connected to the powder storage unit 102 to temporarily store the powder 121.
- the valve control unit 104 controls opening and closing of the first valve 131 and the second valve 132.
- the atmosphere control unit 105 controls the atmosphere inside the intermediate powder storage unit 103 and the atmosphere inside the modeling chamber 101.
- powder can be supplied to the modeling room without interrupting the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment.
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 includes a process chamber 201, a powder tank 202, a load lock chamber 203, a valve control unit 204, an atmosphere control unit 205, and a beam irradiation unit 206.
- the process chamber 201 is a modeling room for the three-dimensional layered object 214 and includes a powder supply container 211, a recoater 212, and a work 213.
- the powder supply container 211 supplies the powder 221 to the recoater 212.
- the recoater 212 spreads the supplied powder 221 on the work 213 while moving the work 213 left and right, and spreads the powder 221 on the work 213.
- the powder 221 spread on the workpiece 213 is irradiated with a beam 261 such as a laser beam or an electron beam from the beam irradiation unit 206, and the portion of the powder 221 irradiated with the beam 261 is cured, so that a cross section of one layer is obtained. A shape is formed.
- a beam 261 such as a laser beam or an electron beam from the beam irradiation unit 206
- the work 213 descends to create a space where the powder 221 for one layer is spread, so that the powder 221 for one layer is dispersed from the recoater 212. Then, the dispersed powder 221 is irradiated with the beam 261, the portion of the powder irradiated with the beam 261 is cured, and a cross-sectional shape for one layer is formed.
- a desired three-dimensional layered object 214 is formed.
- the powder tank 202 is a tank that stores the powder 221 supplied to the process chamber 201.
- a powder conveyance path 222 is connected to the powder tank 202, and the powder 221 delivered from the powder tank 202 is finally supplied to the process chamber 201 through the powder conveyance path 222.
- a powder transfer pump 223 is provided at the tip of the powder transfer path 222, and the powder transfer pump 223 sucks up the powder 221 from the powder tank 202 and finally transfers it to the process chamber 201. Yes.
- the mechanism for conveying the powder 221 is not limited to this.
- a compressor or the like may be provided in the powder tank 202 and the powder 221 may be conveyed by pressure feeding.
- the powder conveying pump 223 may be provided with a stirring bar that can stir or mix the powder 221, for example, a rod shape, a plate shape, a propeller shape, or the like.
- the stirring of the powder 221 is not limited to stirring using a stirrer, and for example, the powder 221 may be pressurized with a pump and blown vigorously.
- the powder 221 may be selected or classified according to the modeling conditions or usage of the three-dimensional layered product 214.
- the powder 221 may be input to the powder delivery pump 223 by the user's hand.
- the load lock chamber 203 is disposed above the process chamber 201 and is provided between the powder tank 202 and the process chamber 201.
- the load lock chamber 203 temporarily stores the powder 221 before the powder 221 conveyed from the powder tank 202 is supplied to the process chamber 201.
- the powder 221 is supplied from the powder tank 202 to the load lock chamber 203 via the powder conveyance path 222.
- the load lock chamber 203 is provided with two valves, a gate valve 231 on the process chamber 201 side and a material supply valve 232 on the powder tank 202 side.
- the valve control unit 204 controls opening and closing of the gate valve 231 and the material supply valve 232.
- the material supply valve 232 is opened, the powder tank 202 and the load lock chamber 203 are connected via the powder conveyance path 222, and the powder 221 is supplied from the powder tank 202 to the load lock chamber 203.
- the material supply valve 232 is closed, the supply of the powder 221 from the powder tank 202 to the load lock chamber 203 is shut off.
- the gate valve 231 when the gate valve 231 is opened, the process chamber 201 and the load lock chamber 203 are connected, and the powder 221 is supplied from the load lock chamber 203 to the powder supply container 211.
- the material supply valve 232 When the material supply valve 232 is closed, the supply of the powder 221 from the load lock chamber 203 to the process chamber 201 is shut off.
- the valve control unit 204 closes the material supply valve 232 and stops the supply of the powder 221. In this state, the gate valve 231 and the material supply valve 232 are closed, and the load lock chamber 203 is not connected to any device of the powder 221 supply system.
- the atmosphere control unit 205 controls the atmosphere inside the load lock chamber 203 so that, for example, the atmosphere inside the load lock chamber 203 and the atmosphere inside the process chamber 201 are the same. Specifically, for example, if the process chamber 201 is evacuated to a vacuum, the atmosphere control unit 205 evacuates the inside of the load lock chamber 203 to the same degree of vacuum as the inside of the process chamber 201. . Since the volume of the load lock chamber 203 is sufficiently small compared to the volume of the process chamber 201, when the vacuum is exhausted in such a small space, gas etc. is released from the powder 221. 221 never dances. Since the powder 221 having a small particle diameter is easy to fly and difficult to handle, handling the powder 221 is facilitated by evacuating in this way.
- the gate valve 231 is opened by setting the vacuum degree inside the load lock chamber 203 and the vacuum degree inside the process chamber 201 to the same vacuum degree, that is, the atmosphere inside the process chamber 201, that is, The degree of vacuum does not change at all. Therefore, the process of breaking the vacuum of the process chamber 201 and replenishing the powder 221 and re-evacuating the process chamber 201 after replenishment of the powder 221 becomes unnecessary, so that the modeling process is not interrupted and continuous. Thus, the powder 221 can be supplied.
- the degree of vacuum inside the load lock chamber 203 is preferably 6.7 Pa or less, but the degree of vacuum is not limited thereto, and is appropriately selected according to the modeling conditions of the three-dimensional layered object 214.
- the vacuum can be higher or lower.
- the atmosphere control unit 205 may not only control the atmosphere of the load lock chamber 203 to a vacuum, but also control the atmosphere to be a predetermined gas atmosphere.
- a predetermined gas atmosphere For example, helium (He), argon (Ar), You may control to the atmosphere of predetermined gas, such as nitrogen (N).
- the powder 221 is nitrided in a nitrogen atmosphere, for example, a helium atmosphere or an argon atmosphere may be used. Further, if a gas recovery tank is provided on the powder tank 202 side and the gas is circulated and reused, the gas is not wasted.
- the predetermined gas is not limited to the gas exemplified here, and may be appropriately selected according to the modeling conditions of the three-dimensional layered object.
- the gas concentration in this case is preferably 95% or more, but the gas concentration is not limited to this, and can be appropriately selected according to the modeling conditions of the three-dimensional layered object 214, and is less than 95%. It may be a gas concentration.
- the atmosphere control of the process chamber 201 may be performed by the atmosphere control unit 205 or an atmosphere control device for the process chamber 201.
- the atmosphere control of the process chamber 201 is performed by the atmosphere control unit 205, the atmosphere control of the process chamber 201 and the load lock chamber 203 may be interlocked or may be controlled separately.
- a heater for preheating the powder 221 may be provided in the load lock chamber 203. If the powder 221 is preheated, it is not necessary to preheat the powder 221 by irradiating the preheating beam 261 in the process chamber 201, or the time required for the preheating can be shortened. Thereby, it becomes possible to model the three-dimensional layered object 214 without reducing the modeling speed.
- the preheating by the heater is preferably performed up to about 300 ° C., but is not limited thereto.
- the heater for preheating is provided in the load lock chamber 203 has been described, but the place where the heater is provided is not limited to this.
- the heater may be provided in the powder supply container 211 in the process chamber 201.
- the powder supply container 211 is provided with a heater, the powder supply container 211 is enlarged, so that the process chamber 201 is also enlarged, and the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 is also enlarged. Therefore, in order to avoid an increase in the size of the process chamber 201, it is preferable to provide a heater in the load lock chamber 203.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a load lock chamber included in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the load lock chamber 203 further includes a powder storage container 301, a powder supply valve 311, and a weight sensor 312.
- the powder storage container 301 stores the powder 221 temporarily. By opening and closing the powder supply valve 311, the supply of the powder 221 stored in the powder storage container 301 can be adjusted.
- the weight sensor 312 is a sensor capable of measuring the weight of the powder 221 and is typically a load cell. However, the weight sensor 312 is not limited to this as long as it is a device capable of measuring the weight.
- the powder supply valve 311 may be any valve that can withstand the weight of the powder 221 stored in the powder storage container 301, and thus is a valve that is thinner than the gate valve 231 compared to the gate valve 231. Yes.
- the material supply valve 232 is closed by the valve control unit 204, and the atmosphere control by the atmosphere control unit 205 is performed. Executed. Thereafter, when the atmosphere control is completed, the valve control unit 204 opens the gate valve 231 and the powder supply valve 311, and the powder 221 is supplied to the process chamber 201 from the load lock chamber 203 by dropping the powder 221 by its own weight.
- the valve control unit 204 closes the gate valve 231 and the powder supply valve 311 to The supply to the process chamber 201 is stopped.
- the weight sensor 312 measures the weight of the powder 221, it is possible to reliably grasp whether or not the powder storage container 301 is empty. Furthermore, the trouble of collecting the powder 221 that has not been used for modeling the three-dimensional layered object can be saved.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an outline of powder supply from the load lock chamber to the process chamber provided in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the valve control unit 204 closes the material supply valve 232 at the timing when the supply of the powder 221 to the load lock chamber 203 is completed. Then, the gate valve 231 and the powder supply valve 311 are opened at the timing when the atmosphere control of the load lock chamber 203 by the atmosphere control unit 205 is completed. This will be specifically described below.
- the material supply valve 232 is opened by the valve control unit 204, and the powder 221 transported from the powder tank 202 through the powder transport path 222 is transported to the load lock chamber 203 and stored in the powder storage container 301.
- the material supply valve 232 is closed by the valve control unit 204, and the load lock chamber 203 is sealed.
- the atmosphere inside the load lock chamber 203 is evacuated to, for example, a vacuum by the atmosphere control unit 205.
- the atmosphere control unit 205 stops the atmosphere control.
- the valve control unit 204 opens the gate valve 231 and subsequently opens the powder supply valve 311.
- the powder supply valve 311 When the powder supply valve 311 is opened, the powder 221 automatically falls due to its own weight, and the powder 221 is supplied to the powder supply container 211.
- the valve control unit 204 closes the gate valve 231 and the powder supply valve 311, and supplies the powder 221 from the load lock chamber 203 to the process chamber 201. To stop.
- FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are flowcharts for explaining the powder supply processing procedure of the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to this embodiment.
- the powder supply container 211 is filled with the powder 221 and the gate valve 231 is closed. Then, the inside of the process chamber 201 is evacuated to, for example, vacuum, and when the evacuation is completed, the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 starts modeling of the three-dimensional additive manufacturing object 214. Note that if the process chamber 201 is evacuated while the powder supply container 211 is filled with the powder 221, the powder 221 may be scattered in the process chamber 201, so that the powder supply container 211 is not filled with the powder 221. You may evacuate.
- step S501 the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 determines whether or not the powder 221 needs to be supplied to the powder supply container 211. If the supply of the powder 221 is not necessary (NO in step S501), the supply of the powder 221 is performed. Wait until you need it.
- step S503 the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 conveys the powder 221 from the powder tank 202 to the load lock chamber 203 through the powder conveyance path 222. To do.
- step S505 the valve control unit 204 opens the material supply valve 232 so that the powder 221 is conveyed to the load lock chamber 203.
- step S ⁇ b> 507 the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 determines whether a predetermined amount of the powder 221 has been supplied to the load lock chamber 203. When the predetermined amount of powder 221 is not supplied (NO in step S507), the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 200 stands by until a predetermined amount of powder 221 is supplied.
- valve control unit 204 closes the material supply valve 232, stops the supply of the powder 221 and seals the load lock chamber 203. To do.
- step S511 the atmosphere control unit 205 controls the atmosphere in the load lock chamber 203 to be evacuated, for example.
- a predetermined vacuum level for example, the same vacuum level as that of the process chamber 201
- the atmosphere control unit 205 stops the atmosphere control of the load lock chamber 203.
- the atmosphere control by the atmosphere control unit 205 is evacuation, the evacuation may be continued even when a predetermined degree of vacuum is reached.
- step S513 the atmosphere control unit 205 determines whether or not the atmosphere in the load lock chamber 203 has reached a predetermined atmosphere. If the predetermined atmosphere has not been reached (NO in step S513), the atmosphere control unit 205 waits until the atmosphere in the load lock chamber 203 reaches the predetermined atmosphere.
- step S5 When the atmosphere in the load lock chamber 203 reaches a predetermined atmosphere (YES in step S513), the atmosphere control unit 205 stops the atmosphere control of the load lock chamber 203 in step S515.
- step S517 the valve control unit 204 opens the gate valve 231 so that the powder 221 is supplied from the load lock chamber 203 to the powder supply container 211 in the process chamber 201.
- step S519 the valve control unit 204 determines whether a predetermined amount of the powder 221 has been supplied to the powder supply container 211 of the process chamber 201.
- the valve control unit 204 waits until the predetermined amount of the powder 221 is supplied.
- step S521 When a predetermined amount of powder 221 is supplied to the powder supply container 211 of the process chamber 201 (YES in step S519), in step S521, the valve control unit 204 closes the gate valve 231 and stops supplying the powder 221. To do.
- the load lock chamber 203 is disposed above the powder supply container 211
- the arrangement of both is not limited thereto.
- the load lock chamber 203 and the powder supply container 211 may be disposed in a lateral position.
- a mechanism for supplying the powder 221 to the powder supply container 211 may be provided in the load lock chamber 203.
- the atmosphere is controlled so that the atmosphere inside the process chamber 201 and the atmosphere inside the load lock chamber 203 are the same, so that the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object is not interrupted.
- the powder can be supplied to the modeling room.
- the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object can be speeded up.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 600 according to the present embodiment.
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 600 according to the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that it does not include a powder supply container. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 600 includes a process chamber 201, a powder tank 202, and a load lock chamber 203.
- the process chamber 201 is a modeling room for the three-dimensional layered object 214 and includes a recoater 212 and a work 213.
- the powder 221 is conveyed from the powder tank 202, and the load lock chamber 203 in which the powder 221 is stored is evacuated to the same degree of vacuum as the process chamber 201 by atmospheric control by the atmospheric control unit 205, for example, vacuum evacuation.
- the valve control unit 204 opens the gate valve 231, the powder 221 falls due to its own weight, and the recoater 212 is directly replenished with the powder 221.
- the recoater 212 supplemented with the powder 221 spreads the powder 221 on the workpiece 213.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an outline of powder supply from the load lock chamber to the process chamber included in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the gate valve 231 and the powder supply valve 311 are opened, the powder 221 falls due to its own weight.
- the dropped powder 221 is directly supplied from the load lock chamber 203 to the recoater 212 in the process chamber 201.
- the powder supply container 211 is omitted and the powder 221 can be directly supplied to the recoater 212, the modeling process of the three-dimensional layered object can be further accelerated.
- the present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices, or may be applied to a single device. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a case where an information processing program that implements the functions of the embodiments is supplied directly or remotely to a system or apparatus. Therefore, in order to realize the functions of the present invention on a computer, a program installed on the computer, a medium storing the program, and a WWW (World Wide Web) server that downloads the program are also included in the scope of the present invention. . In particular, at least a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the processing steps included in the above-described embodiments is included in the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
3次元積層造形物が造形される造形室と、
前記造形室に搬送される粉末を貯蔵する粉末貯蔵手段と、
前記造形室と前記粉末貯蔵手段との間に設けられ、第1バルブを介して前記造形室と接続され、第2バルブを介して前記粉末貯蔵手段と接続され、前記粉末を一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵手段と、
前記第1バルブおよび前記第2バルブの開閉を制御するバルブ制御手段と、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御手段と、
を備えた3次元積層造形装置である。
上記3次元積層造形装置の制御方法であって、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段に対して、前記粉末貯蔵手段から前記粉末を送出する送出ステップと、
前記粉末貯蔵手段から送出された前記粉末を前記中間粉末貯蔵手段で一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵ステップと、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御ステップと、
を含む。
請求項1に記載の3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラムであって、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段に対して、前記粉末貯蔵手段から前記粉末を送出する送出ステップと、
前記粉末貯蔵手段から送出された前記粉末を前記中間粉末貯蔵手段で一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵ステップと、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる。
本発明の第1実施形態としての3次元積層造形装置100について、図1を用いて説明する。3次元積層造形装置100は、粉末を積層して、硬化させることにより3次元積層造形物111を製造する装置である。図1に示すように、3次元積層造形装置100は、造形室101と、粉末貯蔵部102と、中間粉末貯蔵部103と、バルブ制御部104と、雰囲気制御部105とを含む。
次に本発明の第2実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置について、図2を用いて説明する。図2は、本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置200の構成を説明するための図である。3次元積層造形装置200は、プロセスチャンバ201と、粉末タンク202と、ロードロック室203と、バルブ制御部204と、雰囲気制御部205と、ビーム照射部206とを備える。
プロセスチャンバ201は、3次元積層造形物214の造形室であり、粉末供給容器211と、リコータ212と、ワーク213とを備える。粉末供給容器211は、リコータ212に粉末221を供給する。リコータ212は、ワーク213上を左右に移動しながら、供給された粉末221をワーク213上に散布して、粉末221をワーク213上に敷き詰める。そして、ワーク213上に敷き詰められた粉末221に、ビーム照射部206からレーザビームや電子ビームなどのビーム261が照射され、ビーム261が照射された部分の粉末221が硬化し、1層分の断面形状が形成される。
粉末タンク202は、プロセスチャンバ201に供給する粉末221を貯蔵するタンクである。粉末タンク202には、粉末搬送路222が接続されており、粉末タンク202から送出された粉末221が、この粉末搬送路222を通って、最終的にプロセスチャンバ201に供給される。粉末搬送路222の先には、粉末搬送ポンプ223が設けられており、この粉末搬送ポンプ223により粉末タンク202から粉末221が吸い上げられて、最終的にプロセスチャンバ201に搬送される仕組みとなっている。
ロードロック室203は、プロセスチャンバ201の上方に配置されており、粉末タンク202とプロセスチャンバ201との間に設けられている。ロードロック室203は、粉末タンク202から搬送される粉末221がプロセスチャンバ201に供給される前に、一時的に粉末221を貯蔵する。粉末221は、粉末タンク202から粉末搬送路222を介してロードロック室203へ供給される。
次に本発明の第3実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置600について、図6および図7を用いて説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置600の構成を説明するための図である。本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形装置600は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、粉末供給容器を有しない点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
以上、実施形態を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。また、それぞれの実施形態に含まれる別々の特徴を如何様に組み合わせたシステムまたは装置も、本発明の範疇に含まれる。
Claims (17)
- 3次元積層造形物が造形される造形室と、
前記造形室に搬送される粉末を貯蔵する粉末貯蔵手段と、
前記造形室と前記粉末貯蔵手段との間に設けられ、第1バルブを介して前記造形室と接続され、第2バルブを介して前記粉末貯蔵手段と接続され、前記粉末を一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵手段と、
前記第1バルブおよび前記第2バルブの開閉を制御するバルブ制御手段と、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御手段と、
を備えた3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記雰囲気制御手段は、前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを同じ雰囲気にする請求項1に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記中間粉末貯蔵手段は、前記造形室の上方に配置されている請求項1または2に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記中間粉末貯蔵手段は、前記第1バルブと前記第2バルブとの間に第3バルブをさらに備え、
前記バルブ制御手段は、前記第1バルブおよび前記第3バルブを制御して、前記中間粉末貯蔵手段から前記造形室へ、前記粉末を供給する請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記バルブ制御手段は、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段への前記粉末の供給が終了したタイミングで、前記第2バルブを閉じ、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の雰囲気制御が終了したタイミングで、前記第1バルブおよび前記第3バルブを開く請求項4に記載の3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記中間粉末貯蔵手段は、前記粉末の重量を測定する重量測定手段をさらに備え、
前記バルブ制御手段は、前記重量測定手段が所定の重量変化を検出した場合に、前記第1バルブを閉鎖する請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記中間粉末貯蔵手段は、加熱手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記粉末貯蔵手段から前記中間粉末貯蔵手段へ前記粉末を搬送する粉末搬送手段をさらに備えた請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記粉末搬送手段は、前記粉末を撹拌する撹拌手段を備えた請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記造形室は、
前記粉末を散布する粉末散布手段と、
前記粉末散布手段へ前記粉末を供給する粉末供給手段と、をさらに備え、
前記粉末供給手段は、前記粉末の供給量を検知する供給量検知手段を有し、
前記供給量検知手段によって所定量の粉末の供給を検知した場合に、前記中間粉末貯蔵手段から前記粉末供給手段へ前記粉末を補充する請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。 - 前記雰囲気制御手段は、前記中間粉末貯蔵手段を真空に排気する請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記真空は、6.7Pa以下の真空度である請求項11に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記雰囲気制御手段は、前記中間粉末貯蔵手段に所定の気体を充填する請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の次元積層造形装置。
- 前記所定の気体は、ヘリウム、アルゴンまたは窒素である請求項13に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 前記所定の気体の濃度は、95%以上である請求項14に記載の3次元積層造形装置。
- 請求項1に記載の3次元積層造形装置の制御方法であって、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段に対して、前記粉末貯蔵手段から前記粉末を送出する送出ステップと、
前記粉末貯蔵手段から送出された前記粉末を前記中間粉末貯蔵手段で一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵ステップと、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御ステップと、
を含む3次元積層造形装置の制御方法。 - 請求項1に記載の3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラムであって、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段に対して、前記粉末貯蔵手段から前記粉末を送出する送出ステップと、
前記粉末貯蔵手段から送出された前記粉末を前記中間粉末貯蔵手段で一時的に貯蔵する中間粉末貯蔵ステップと、
前記中間粉末貯蔵手段の内部の雰囲気と、前記造形室の内部の雰囲気とを制御する雰囲気制御ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる3次元積層造形装置の制御プログラム。
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JP2019535561A (ja) * | 2016-11-27 | 2019-12-12 | エフイーテー アーゲー | 三次元物体を製造するための粉末造形材料の移送 |
US11446873B2 (en) | 2016-11-27 | 2022-09-20 | Fit Ag | Transportation of pulverulent build-up material for producing three-dimensional objects |
WO2019203272A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 金属造形物の製造方法 |
WO2019203275A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 金属造形物の製造方法 |
JPWO2019203272A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-05-13 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 金属造形物の製造方法 |
JPWO2019203275A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-05-20 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 金属造形物の製造方法 |
JP7343484B2 (ja) | 2018-04-20 | 2023-09-12 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 金属造形物の製造方法 |
US11602880B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2023-03-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Three-dimensional shaping device and injection molding device |
WO2022196163A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-22 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Am装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3187327A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
EP3187327A1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
JP6019268B1 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
US20170259337A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
EP3187327B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
JPWO2017081813A1 (ja) | 2017-11-16 |
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