WO2017076760A1

WO2017076760A1 - Tool for fastening on a machine

Info

Publication number: WO2017076760A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/076025
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ulrich Kraemer; Florian Smeets; Bernhard Moosmann; Jochen Kern
Original assignee: Betek Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2015-11-06
Filing date: 2016-10-28
Publication date: 2017-05-11
Also published as: CA3004502C; DE102015119125A1; CA3004502A1; EP3370887A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool (10, 20) for fastening on a machine, in particular a screen machine, a road groover, or similar, the tool having a tool body (12, 50, 53), on which a functional unit (11, 11.1, 11.2, 11.4, 40, 30) comprising at least two materials of different damping properties is fastened, one material being a mechanically resistant material (11, 11.1, 11.2, 31, 32) and an intermediate material (11.4, 42, 43) being provided between the mechanically resistant material (11, 11.1, 11.2, 31, 32) and the tool body (12, 50, 53). An improved wear resistance compared to the wear resistance known from prior art is achieved in that the modulus of elasticity of the intermediate material (11.4, 42, 43) amounts to 30 % of the modulus of elasticity of the mechanically resistant material (11, 11.1, 11.2, 31, 32).

Description

Tool for attaching to a machine

The invention relates to a tool for fastening to a machine, in particular a screening machine, a road milling machine or the like, with a tool body to which a functional unit is attached with at least two materials of different damping properties, wherein a material is formed by a hard material and an intermediate material is disposed between the hard material and the tool body.

Tools for machines for processing mineral and / or plant materials are usually subjected to high wear. Machines of this type relate, for example, to machines for road or mining, but also agricultural machines, for example for tillage, for example for mulching or plowing the soil, or crushing of wood materials or the like.

In order to minimize the wear of tools attached to such machines, it is known from the prior art, especially functional areas subject to wear on tools with hard material materials provided and / or form specific functional areas of hard material. Such functional areas may be, for example, bits of chisel tools, for example for road or mining, or cutting elements on crushing tools or the like. Wear protection elements, such as on the part of a ploughshare in contact with the ground or on the surface of sieve elements, or on other tool parts are also conceivable.

For example, US Pat. No. 8,991,9,567 B2 discloses impact protection for a screening device for sorting oversized objects from a material flow. On longitudinal webs while Abriebstreifen are attached, for example, consist of a chrome steel or carbide materials or may be attached as a second layer of abrasion on the abrasion strip. The screen plate itself consists of a metal plate and can be coated with cemented carbide, for example. The abrasion layers can be welded, soldered or glued, for example. Hard materials impacting or contacting the cemented carbide material sometimes cause hard impacts that can cause significant wear, especially fracture, to the cemented carbide material as well as the underlying materials.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide tools of the type mentioned above with improved wear resistance compared to the known from the prior art wear resistance of tools.

This object is achieved in that the modulus of elasticity of the intermediate material to 30%, for example to 10% (depending on the application, for example, between 10% -30%, 0.01% -1% or other suitable for the respective application areas) of the Elastic modulus of the hard material is. The hard material may be a hard metal material or a composite material such as a hard metal material (eg tungsten carbide, tungsten carbide-cobalt) and PCD substrates and has, for example, a modulus of elasticity between 300 GPa and 720 GPa, eg between 450 GPa and 650 GPa. By the lower modulus of elasticity of the intermediate material can dampen this particular impact energy when colliding the tool with hard, such as stone-like materials in an advantageous manner. In addition to improved wear properties and longer service lives of the hard material and / or other materials of the machine, this can also lead to reduced noise on impact. It is also conceivable that with the intermediate material, a material layer is formed in the manner of a spring element, wherein the material itself may have a higher modulus than 30% (or 10%) of the hard material, by the resilient design but a damping effect the material layer or the intermediate material corresponding to a solid material in the defined modulus of elasticity range can be achieved. Such an effect could be achieved, for example, by means of at least one corrugated and / or curved spring washer which, for example, is in contact with the hard material or the tool body with one or more bearing surfaces. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the intermediate material is not arranged over the entire surface, but in several non-and / or partially mutually related areas between the hard material and the tool body.

The hard material is connected directly or indirectly with the intermediate material. For example, an additional holding element and / or stabilizing element can also be provided on the hard material at least in regions. This can also be integrally connected to the hard material. The holding / stabilizing element can be at least partially embedded in the intermediate material and connected with this material and / or form-fitting manner.

In an advantageous embodiment variant of the invention, the modulus of elasticity of the intermediate material is up to 66%, for example up to 5%, of the modulus of elasticity of the tool body and / or the elastic modulus of the tool body up to 50%, for example 10% to 30%, of the modulus of elasticity of the hard material , The tool body can be made of steel, chilled cast iron and / or composite material, for example, and the intermediate material for example, plastic (eg polyurethane), composite material (eg carbon fiber composite, glass fiber composite), metal (eg soft metal, such as copper, silver, etc. or corresponding alloys) or mineral components with additional binders. In absolute terms, the modulus of elasticity of the intermediate material can be, for example, between 0.001 GPa and 200 GPa, eg between 50 GPa and 150 GPa or 1 GPa and 5 GPa, or also other areas depending on the application, and the modulus of elasticity of the tool body between 50 GPa and 300 GPa, eg between 150 GPa and 250 GPa. By such a design of materials with respect to their modulus of elasticity, the individual tool elements can be optimized with respect to their mechanical properties combine, for example, wear resistance (hard material), damping properties (intermediate material) and strength while cost optimization (tool body), preferably the hard material material highest modulus of elasticity of the three materials, the tool body has the second highest and the intermediate material the lowest modulus of elasticity.

In order to further increase the wear resistance of the tool, it is advantageous if another material is connected to the hard material whose elastic modulus is at least 110%, for example at least 130%, of the modulus of elasticity of the hard material. Advantageously, the further material is applied in a region of the hard material which contacts the material to be processed. This material may be a superhard material, for example a polycrystalline diamond (PCD), titanium carbide, silicon carbide, niobium carbide or else a ceramic, which is in particular materially bonded to the hard material. In absolute terms, the modulus of elasticity of the further material can be, for example, between 400 GPa and 1050 GPa.

A good stability of the functional unit can be achieved in that at least two materials are connected to each other by means of at least one connecting element, wherein the connecting element is material integrally formed on at least one of the materials. Advantageously, a corresponding counter element can be provided on the other material. alternative or additionally, a plurality of connecting elements may form a microstructured connection, wherein, for example, clawing may result from or in a roughened surface. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to provide an intermediate layer with connecting elements, which likewise may be microstructured. Depending on the materials may also be provided a cohesive connection, for example by welding or soldering. All in all, therefore, various combinations of material, form and / or force are conceivable, which can be advantageously selected and / or combined depending on the material combinations and application.

If an oxidation protection layer is provided between the hard material and the intermediate material and / or between the intermediate material and the tool body, this can advantageously promote a high resistance of the tool.

An advantageous embodiment variant of the invention consists in that the tool is designed as a chisel with a bit body and the functional unit as a chisel tip which is positively and / or materially connected to the bit body. The chisel tip can be soldered at least partially to the bit body, wherein the Lötnaht form the intermediate material and / or another intermediate material may be provided. Furthermore, the bit tip may comprise another material, for example PCD, which can further increase the stability of the tool.

In a further advantageous embodiment variant, the tool is designed as a sieve device with a base unit and the functional unit as a wear protection element with a wear protection layer and a damping element associated therewith, in particular a damping plate. The basic unit corresponds to the tool body and the wear protection element of the functional unit. The wear protection layer is formed from hard material. The damping element consists of a damping material, such as a plastic (eg polyurethane) and / or composite material (eg fiber-plastic composite) and / or copper, silver or Alloys thereof, with a modulus of elasticity between 0.001 GPa and 130 GPa, preferably between 0.1 and 10 GPa, for example 2 GPa. By the damping element, the impact energy is absorbed in the impact of, for example, stone-like materials on the hard material partially. In this way can advantageously be reduced wear resistance and a longer service life, in particular the risk of breakage of the wear protection layer. Furthermore, a reduction of the impact noise can be achieved.

The screening device preferably has transverse struts running transversely to a material conveying direction to be conveyed, and longitudinal struts extending longitudinally to a material conveying direction to be conveyed, wherein the transverse and longitudinal struts form sieve openings. The screen openings can be rectangular, in particular square, for example. By forming the screen openings based on the struts, the area size of the screen openings can be easily designed for specific processing tasks in which the distance between the struts is varied.

It is expedient if the transverse and / or longitudinal struts have side surfaces which are inclined at least in regions by an angle α with respect to the vertical center longitudinal plane of the transverse and / or longitudinal struts. The inclination is in such a way that the distance of the side surfaces down, in the direction away from the wear protection layer, decreases in size. Since the side surfaces at least partially surround the sieve openings, this orientation results in a downwardly increasing clear cross section of the sieve openings. As a result, the screenings can fall through the screening device more easily, with a reduced risk of jamming. The angle α could for example be between 2 ° and 30 °, in particular between 5 ° and 10 °, and be the same or different for different side surfaces. Also, other returning surface courses are conceivable, for example arched type.

For a stable embodiment of the screening device, it is advantageous if a main body of the base unit cross-strut body and / or longitudinal strut body has, which are assigned to the transverse and / or longitudinal struts, and if the Damping element has the transverse and / or longitudinal struts associated Quererstben- and / or Längsstrebenschichten, which are applied at least partially on the facing in the direction of wear protection top surfaces of the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut body.

If the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut layers at least partially surround the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut bodies laterally, at least partially forming the side surfaces, good protection of the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut bodies can be obtained. In particular, as well as impact noise attenuated by durchfallendem screenings, which gets into contact with the side surfaces of the strut body.

Efficient wear protection can be obtained by forming the wear protection layer on the upper side of the screening device on the transverse struts by transverse elements and on the longitudinal struts by longitudinal elements. The upper side of the screening device points in the direction of conveyed, unclassified material. Due to the formation of the wear protection layer by individual elements, a segmentation of the wear protection layer is achieved, which advantageously prevents breakage of the wear protection layer and its stability can be increased. The transverse and / or longitudinal elements can be designed to be elongated in their surface extent on the top, but also for example square or with a length shorter than the width.

For a reliable attachment of the elements to the damping element, it can be advantageously provided that on the undersides of the transverse and / or longitudinal elements connecting parts for positive and / or cohesive connection with the underlying transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut bodies of the damping element are arranged.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the transverse elements at the sides of the cross struts pointing in the opposite direction to the material to be conveyed lead to the formation of a protective surface which, at least in some areas, forms the side surfaces facing the material conveying direction. By the Screening conveying direction, the bulk material is impelled by a pulse through which the bulk material often bounces against these side surfaces. By the legs of the transverse elements, which consist of hard material, the side surfaces can be protected from impacting bulk material. This can also contribute to increased stability of the screening device.

An advantageous pressure distribution of the longitudinal elements on the longitudinal strut layer can be obtained by virtue of the fact that the longitudinal elements have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section perpendicular to their vertical central longitudinal plane. "Substantially" means that two parallel surfaces, in this case the upper side and the lower side, In addition, rounded surfaces are provided between the surfaces in the present case, and the connecting part is integrally formed on the lower element on the lower side be achieved.

As an advantageous segmentation has been found, for example, that at least two transverse and / or longitudinal elements are arranged on a portion of the transverse and / or longitudinal struts, which is associated with one of the screen openings.

In an advantageous embodiment variant, the longitudinal elements of the longitudinal struts are arranged directly behind one another over at least part of the intersection regions of the longitudinal and transverse struts. In this way, at least part of the crossing regions between transverse and longitudinal struts is covered by means of the longitudinal elements. This advantageously results in a continuous surface along the conveying direction of the bulk material. In this way, disturbing transverse shoulders and / or transitional areas in the longitudinal guides can be minimized, which contributes to better bulk material guidance.

For a reliable attachment of the screening device to the machine, it is advantageous if the screening device has side parts with openings for receiving fastening means. It can be advantageous for the breakthroughs Covers, in particular of damping material, be provided. In this way, a largely continuous surface of the side parts can be achieved, whereby, for example, less bulk material can be deposited.

The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 is a chisel with a chisel tip in side view in partial section,

2 shows a screening device in a perspective view from above,

3 shows the screening device according to FIG. 2 in a perspective view from below, FIG.

4 shows the screening device according to FIG. 2 in top view, FIG.

5 shows the screening device in a vertical section, designated in FIG. 4, FIG.

6 shows a detail according to FIG. 5 with a transverse strut of the screening device in FIG

Vertical section

Fig. 7 is a cross strut in vertical section of FIG. 4 through a part of

Length with two longitudinal struts,

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal strut of the screening device in a designated in Fig. 4

Vertical section

9 shows a breakthrough of the screening device in a designated in Fig. 4

Vertical section

Fig. 10 a, b is a cover of the opening in perspective view and in

Vertical section Fig. 11 a, b is a transverse element of the wear protection layer of the screening device in a perspective view and in front view and

Fig. 12 a, b, a longitudinal element of the wear protection layer of the screening device in a perspective view and in front view.

Fig. 1 shows a bit 10 as a tool for fastening, for example by means of a chisel holder, on a machine for use in road working and / or mining. As a functional unit for impinging on the material to be machined, the bit 10 has at its upper end a chisel tip 11, which essentially consists of a hard material (eg elasticity modulus between 550 and 720 GPa). At the pointed end of the bit tip 11, a layer of superhard cutting material 11.1 is additionally attached, which has an even greater hardness than the bit tip 11 (eg modulus between 720 and 1050 GPa). The cutting material 11. 1 consists for example of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and may for example be connected to the bit tip 11 form and / or materially. In this way, the wear resistance of the bit tip 11 is further increased compared to hard material as the contact area. At its upper end opposite the lower end of the chisel tip 11, a projection 11.2 made of hard material material integrally formed or positively and / or cohesively attached, for example, soldered. Below the projection 11.2, an oxidation protection layer 11.3 may be provided to protect the hard material from corrosion. Below the projection 11.2 or the oxidation protection layer 11.3 is 11 as an intermediate material of the chisel tip a damping body 11.4 on the approach 11.2 and the oxidation protection layer 11.3 force, form and / or materially attached. The damping body 11.4 is substantially more elastic than the remaining part of the bit tip 11 (eg, modulus of elasticity between 80 and 150 GPa) and, for example, made of copper, silver, nickel or a corresponding alloy.

The chisel tip 11 is inserted with the projection 11.2 and the damping body 11.4 on a bit body 12 in a designated, upwardly facing receptacle and force, positively and / or cohesively on the bit body 12 fixed, for example, with the approach 11.2 soldered to the bit body 12. The bit body 12 is made of steel and has in its course in the direction of a downwardly pointing chisel shank 13 a circumferential groove 12.1. The groove 12.1 serves as a tool holder, in which a disassembly tool can be used. By means of this disassembly tool, the bit 10 can be dug out of the bit holder. Other embodiments of the bit 10 are conceivable.

The damping body 11.4 causes shocks are damped when hitting the chisel tip 11 to be processed hard material due to the increased elasticity. This results in a lower abrupt impact load on both the bit tip 11 and the bit body 12 and the machine. This may be particularly advantageous when used with PCD, as this material has a lower impact resistance than, for example, carbide. Overall, such an increased stability of the bit 10 can be achieved.

FIG. 2 shows, as a further example of the tool according to the invention, a screening device 20 in a perspective view from above. The screening device 20 can be used, for example, in machines for classifying or presorting bulk material, for example of stone and / or crushing material, but also, for example, in the agricultural sector. The screening device 20 has transverse struts 21 extending transversely to a bulk material conveying direction F and longitudinal struts 22 extending longitudinally with respect to the conveying direction F and bordering rectangular screen openings 23. Furthermore, the screening device 20 has on its side pointing in the direction of the conveying direction F and on the opposite side, side parts 24, which are provided with openings 60 for fastening the screening device 20 to the machine. The screen openings 23 of a - seen from the conveying direction F - first row (transverse to the conveying direction F) are on its side facing the conveying direction F side of one of the side panels 24 and the screen openings 23 a last row on its side facing away from the conveying direction F side of the other Side parts 24 limited. As a tool body, the screening device 20 has a base unit 50 arranged on its underside, which is essentially made of a metallic material, for example of steel. As a part of a functional unit provided as a wear protection element, a damping element 40, for example in the form of a damping plate, is positively and / or firmly attached to the base unit 50 as intermediate material. The damping element 40 is made of a material that has a higher elasticity than the base unit 50. It may in particular be made of plastic and / or a composite material and be applied to the base unit 50, for example, by a casting method, or another method. In addition, an oxidation protection layer (not shown here) could be provided between the base unit 50 and the damping element 40. On the underside of the top of the screening device 20, on which the bulk material is conveyed, a wear protection layer 30 is mounted on the damping element 40 as a further part of the functional unit. An oxidation protection layer could also be arranged between the wear protection layer 30 and the damping element 40. On the transverse struts 21, transverse elements 31 of the wear protection layer 30 and on the longitudinal struts 22 longitudinal elements 32 of the wear protection layer 30 are arranged. Also, that edge of the side part 24, which forms a boundary of screen openings 23 against the conveying direction F, ie in the last row, is provided with transverse elements 31 (see FIG. 4). The edge of the side part 24 which forms a boundary of screen openings 23 in the conveying direction F, ie in the first row, is equipped with longitudinal elements 32, although the edge runs transversely. This is due to the fact that the transverse elements 31 are designed to encompass an edge lying opposite to the conveying direction F, which edge is not present at this transverse edge. The transverse and longitudinal elements 31, 32 are wear-optimized formed by being made of a hard material. On those sections of the transverse and longitudinal struts 21, 22, and also on portions of the delimiting edges of the side parts 24, which each define one of the screen openings 23, at least two transverse or longitudinal elements 31, 32 are respectively arranged. This relatively kurzgliedrige training of the transverse or longitudinal elements 31, 32 advantageously reduces the likelihood of breakage of the transverse or longitudinal elements 31, 32 at sudden loads and thus increases the resistance of the wear protection layer 30 and the wear protection element.

FIG. 3 shows the more detailed design of the basic unit 50. On the lower sides of the two side parts 24 of the screening device 20, the basic unit

50 each have an angle element 51. There are conditions 51.1 of the angle elements

51 arranged substantially parallel to the top of the screening device 20 as parts of the side parts 24. At a right angle thereto, facing downwards in a pouring direction S of the sieved bulk material, guides 51.2 of the angle elements 51 are attached, for example welded, to the supports 51.1, extending essentially along the delimiting edges of the side parts 24. The angle elements 51 serve for the exact arrangement of the screening device 20 in the machine.

On the upper side of the angle elements 51, a base body 53 of the base unit 50 with side elements 51.1 is arranged as parts of the side parts 24. Furthermore, the main body 53 cross member body 53.2 and longitudinal strut body 53.3 as components of the transverse or longitudinal struts 21, 22. Below the longitudinal strut body 53.3 are, from the guide 51.2 on one side of the screening device 20 to the guide 51.2 extending on the opposite side, webs 52 are arranged, which extend in the direction of conveyance S approximately in accordance with the extent of the guides 51.2 down. The webs are arranged below each second longitudinal strut 22, beginning in each case on the inside of the respective outermost row of screen openings 23. The webs serve to stabilize the base unit 50 or the screening device 20.

4 shows the sieve device 20 in top view, with a view of its upper side with the wear protection layer 30. The square, in particular rectangular, screen openings 23 can be seen, each of sections of two longitudinal struts 22 and two transverse struts 21 or of edges of the side parts 24 are included. They are aligned with their longitudinal direction in the conveying direction F. Other shapes and orientations of the screen openings 23 are possible depending on the classification task, for example, square openings or with in Longitudinally transverse to the conveying direction F aligned rectangles. Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows the wear protection layer 30 with the arrangement of the transverse and longitudinal elements 31, 32. The elements 31, 32 are of such longitudinal extent that at least two elements 31, 32 are arranged per screen opening 23 delimiting section of the transverse and longitudinal struts 21, 22. As a result, a segmentation of the wear protection layer 30 is obtained, by which the risk of breakage of the wear protection layer 30 is minimized. The segmentation could also be realized by larger and / or in particular by smaller elements 31, 32. Furthermore, it can be seen that the longitudinal elements 32 are arranged directly behind one another along the longitudinal struts 22, so that a largely continuous course of the wear protection layer 30 formed by the longitudinal elements 32 results on the longitudinal struts 22. In particular, the crossing regions between transverse and longitudinal struts 21 and 22 are covered by longitudinal elements 32. In this way, advantageously unwanted steps and / or transitional areas along the longitudinal struts 22 can be avoided, so that the bulk material extending largely in the conveying direction F encounters lower flow resistances. On the other hand, the longitudinal members 32 are easier to arrange in this area, since they have no lateral legs, as will be seen later in Fig. 8.

FIG. 5 shows a vertical section, designated in FIG. 4, in the direction of the pouring direction S of the screening device 20. The figure clearly shows the layered structure of the side parts 24, with the lowest arranged pads 51.1 and the attached side elements 53.1 of the base unit 50. On the side members 53.1 side element covers 41 of the damping element 40 are arranged flat and form the top of the side panels 24. Furthermore it can be seen that the damping element 40 also covers the transverse struts 21, with a transverse strut layer 42, and the longitudinal struts 22, with a longitudinal strut layer 43.

In FIG. 6, in one detail, one of the cut transverse struts 21 of FIG. 5 is enlarged, so that its cross-sectional shape and structure can be seen more precisely. Between the mutually parallel upper side (with the The side surfaces 21.1 are at an angle α (with, for example, α between 2 ° and 15 °, with respect to a center longitudinal plane M running in the direction of conveyance S and along the transverse strut 21, in particular 5 ° and 10 °) are inclined in such a way that the two side surfaces 21.1 run towards each other in the downward direction. Due to the parallel upper or lower sides and the inclined side surfaces

21.1 results in a substantially trapezoidal cross section of the cross brace 21. Such a design of the cross braces, and also the longitudinal struts (see Fig. 8) and also the limiting edges of the side parts 24, results in a downward, in the direction of S, magnifying lights Cross section of the screen openings 23, which facilitates falling through of the bulk material by the screening device 20. The increasing clear cross section could also be achieved by a different inclination of the side surfaces, or by another receding formation, e.g. arched or stepped type, whereby also some of the side surfaces could run vertically downwards.

The underside of the crossbar 21 is through the underside of the crossbar body

53.2 and a lower end of the transverse strut layer 42 formed. The cross strut layer 42 comprises the cross strut body 53.2 on its side surfaces and its upper side. In this way, the probability of direct contact of bulk material with the cross strut body 53.2 is reduced and a good damping effect is obtained. On top of the transverse strut layer 42, the transverse element 31 is fastened with an upwardly pointing transverse surface 31.1 as part of the wear protection layer 30. For positive and / or cohesive fastening to the cross strut layer 42, a connecting part 31.2 is integrally formed on the transverse element 31 on an underside of the transverse element 31 opposite the transverse surface 31.1.

On its opposite to the conveying direction F side facing the transverse element 31 is a downwardly facing the legs 31.3 formed to form a protective surface 31.4. The protective surface 31.4 forms a part of the side surface 21.1 counter to the conveying direction F, and is correspondingly inclined by the angle α. Thus, the angle between the transverse surface 31.1 and the protective surface 31.4 is 90 ° - a. By the protective surface 31.4 is protected against bulk material pointing in the opposite direction to the conveying direction, since this preferably also strikes this side or edge on account of the conveying direction. So that between the leg 31.3 and the cross strut body 53.2 still sufficient damping material for a sufficient damping effect place, the cross strut body 53.2 is arranged in the transverse strut 21 with lateral offset relative to the central longitudinal plane M.

FIG. 7 shows a vertical section according to FIG. 4 along a region of one of the transverse struts 21 through intersection regions with two longitudinal struts 22. In the intersection regions, the wear protection layer 30 is formed by longitudinal surfaces 32. 1 of the longitudinal elements 32.

FIG. 8 shows in a vertical section of a longitudinal strut 22 according to FIG. 4 its structure and cross-sectional shape. Similar to the transverse struts 21 (see FIG. 6), the longitudinal strut 22 shown also has a substantially trapezoidal cross section with inclined side surfaces 22.1 for forming the expanding clear cross section of the screen openings 23. The underside is essentially formed by the longitudinal strut body 53.3 and to a small extent by the longitudinal strut layer 43. The longitudinal strut layer 43 comprises the two side surfaces and the top of the longitudinal strut body 53.3, so that it is enclosed to a large extent by damping material. On top of the longitudinal strut layer 43, the longitudinal element 32 is positively and / or materially connected to the longitudinal strut layer 43. The longitudinal element 32 forms with its longitudinal surface 32.1, which completely covers the longitudinal strut layer 43 on the upper side, a part of the wear protection layer 30. The remaining surfaces of the longitudinal element 32 are, except for a rounded transition to the side surfaces 32.3, embedded in the longitudinal strut layer 43, to achieve a defined surface formation of the wear protection layer 30 on the longitudinal struts 22, essentially on the upper side thereof. As a connecting element, a connecting part 32.2 is integrally formed on the underside of the longitudinal member 32. The structure of the longitudinal strut 22 is, in contrast to that of the transverse strut 21, symmetrical to its central longitudinal plane M. FIG. 9 shows one of the apertures 60 according to a vertical section designated in FIG. 4. The aperture 60 has a recess 61 which extends through the side member cover 41 and the side member 53.1. The recess 61 is used in particular for receiving the head of a fastening means, for example a screw, for fastening the screening device 20 (not shown here). The recess 61 is followed by a passage 62, which extends through the support 51.1 of the angle member 51 down. Through the passage 62 of the fastening portion of a fastening means, for example, a threaded portion are guided (not shown here).

To protect the head of the fastener and to form a substantially closed surface of the side members 24, a cover 63 of the apertures 60 is provided, which is shown in Figs. 10a and 10b. The cover 63 is made of the same material as the damping element 40, but could also be made of a different material. Both in the perspective view (FIG. 10 a) and in the vertical section (FIG. 10 b), a recess 63. 2 of the cover 63 can be seen, for embracing the head of a fastening means in the assembled state. Furthermore, the cover 63 has on its outer circumference lamellar elements 63.1. When the cover 63 is pressed into the recess 61, the lamellar elements 63. 1 can yield upwards and jam the cover 63 in the recess 61.

In Figures 11a and 11b, the cross member 31 is shown in a perspective view from below and in front view. 11a shows that its cross-sectional shape or the view from the front continues continuously over the longitudinal course of the transverse element 31. Furthermore, the rounded transitions of the individual surfaces can be seen on the underside, which is in contact with the transverse strut layer 42. In detail, this is the transition between a rear side of the leg 31.3 and an underside opposite the transverse surface 31.1, as well as their edge surfaces and the transitions to the connecting part 31.2. Due to the rounded transitions, a uniform contact of the damping material of the transverse strut layer 42 on the transverse element 31 is achieved. In FIGS. 12a and 12b, the longitudinal element 32 is shown in a view from above and from the front. Its cross-sectional shape or view from the front continues throughout the longitudinal region of the longitudinal element 32. In Fig. 12b, the substantially trapezoidal cross-section of the longitudinal member 32 can be seen. In this case, the longitudinal surface 32.1 and one opposite this underside are parallel. The top and bottom are connected by side surfaces 32.3, which are inclined inwards towards the bottom. In this case, the inclination is formed stronger than that of the side surfaces 22.1, so that all sides of the longitudinal member 32, except the longitudinal surface 32.1 and a rounded transition to the side surfaces 32.1, in the assembled state in the longitudinal strut layer 43. The transitions between the surfaces are rounded, as well as the transitions to the integrally formed on the underside connector 32.2.

With the described construction, a screening device 20 is obtained, which on the one hand is made resistant to abrasion and / or impacts or the like by the wear protection layer 30 consisting of hard material material. At the same time, the impact energy is absorbed in the collision of, for example, stone-like materials on the hard material partially by the attenuation element designed as a damping plate. In this way, advantageously, a longer service life of the wear protection layer 30 and a reduction of the impact noise can be achieved.

In another example, not shown here, for example, a ploughshare with its surface directed in the feed direction could be provided with the functional unit according to the invention.

Claims

claims

1. Tool for attaching to a machine, in particular a screening machine, a road milling machine or the like, with a tool body to which a functional unit is attached with at least two materials of different damping properties, wherein a material is formed by a hard material and an intermediate material between the hard material and the tool body is arranged, characterized

the elastic modulus of the intermediate material is up to 30% of the modulus of elasticity of the hard material.

2. Tool according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the elastic modulus of the intermediate material to 66% of the modulus of elasticity of the tool body and / or

the modulus of elasticity of the tool body is up to 50% of the modulus of elasticity of the hard material.

3. Tool according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized,

in that a further material whose elastic modulus is at least 110% of the modulus of elasticity of the hard material is bonded to the hard material.

4. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

the at least two materials are connected to one another by means of at least one connecting element,

wherein the connecting element is material integrally formed on at least one of the materials and / or wherein a plurality of connecting elements form a microstructured connection, and / or

wherein an intermediate layer is provided with connecting elements.

5. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized,

in that an oxidation protection layer is provided between the hard material and the intermediate material and / or that between the intermediate material and the tool body.

6. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized,

in that the tool is designed as a chisel (10) with a bit body (12) and the functional unit as a chisel tip (11) which is positively and / or materially connected to the bit body (12).

7. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized,

in that the tool is designed as a screening device (20) with a base unit (50) and the functional unit as a wear protection element with a wear protection layer (30) and a damping element (40) associated therewith, in particular a damping plate.

8. Tool according to claim 7,

characterized,

in that the screening device (20) has transverse struts (22) extending transversely to a material conveying direction (F) and longitudinal struts (21) running longitudinally to the material conveying direction (F), wherein the transverse and longitudinal struts (21, 22) have screen openings (21). 23) form.

9. Tool according to claim 8,

characterized, the transverse and / or longitudinal struts (21, 22) have side surfaces (21.1, 22.1) which are inclined at least in regions by an angle α with respect to the vertical center longitudinal planes (M) of the transverse and / or longitudinal struts (21, 22).

10. Tool according to one of claims 7 to 9,

characterized,

in that a base body (53) of the base unit (50) has transverse strut bodies (53.2) and / or longitudinal strut bodies (53.3) which are assigned to the transverse and / or longitudinal struts (21, 22) and

in that the damping element (40) has transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut layers (42, 43) associated with the transverse and / or longitudinal struts (21, 22) which at least partially point to the upper sides (40) of the transverse struts facing towards the wear protection layer (30) - And / or longitudinal strut body (53.2, 53.3) are applied.

11. Tool according to claim 10,

characterized,

the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut layers (42, 43) at least partially surround the transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut bodies (53.2, 53.3) laterally, at least partially forming the side surfaces (21.1, 22.1).

12. Tool according to one of claims 8 to 11,

characterized,

in that the wear protection layer (30) on the upper side of the screening device (20) is formed on the transverse struts (21) by transverse elements (31) and on the longitudinal struts (22) by longitudinal elements (32).

13. Tool according to claim 12,

characterized,

that at the bottom of the transverse and / or longitudinal elements (31, 32) connecting parts (31.2, 32.2) for positive and / or cohesive connection with the underlying transverse strut and / or longitudinal strut bodies (53.2, 53.3) of the damping element (40) are arranged.

14. Tool according to claim 12 or 13,

characterized,

in that the transverse elements (31) have legs (31.3) pointing downwards at the sides of the transverse struts (21) facing the screened material conveying direction (F) to form a protective surface (31.4) which, at least in some areas, opposes the screenings conveying direction (F ) facing side surfaces (21.1) form.

15. Tool according to one of claims 12 to 14,

characterized,

in that the longitudinal elements (32) have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section perpendicular to their vertical central longitudinal planes (M).

16. Tool according to one of claims 12 to 15,

characterized,

in that at least two transverse and / or longitudinal elements (31, 32) are arranged on a section of the transverse and / or longitudinal struts (21, 22) associated with one of the screen openings (23).

17. Tool according to one of claims 12 to 16,

characterized,

in that the longitudinal elements (32) of the longitudinal struts (22) are arranged directly behind one another over at least part of the intersection areas of the longitudinal struts and the transverse struts (21).

18. Tool according to one of claims 7 to 17,

characterized,

the screening device (20) has side parts (24) with apertures (60) for receiving fastening means and / or in that covers (63), in particular of damping material, are provided for the apertures (60).