WO2017075728A1 - Système pour l'élevage de poissons - Google Patents

Système pour l'élevage de poissons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017075728A1
WO2017075728A1 PCT/CL2016/000069 CL2016000069W WO2017075728A1 WO 2017075728 A1 WO2017075728 A1 WO 2017075728A1 CL 2016000069 W CL2016000069 W CL 2016000069W WO 2017075728 A1 WO2017075728 A1 WO 2017075728A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
anchoring
fish
ropes
cage structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2016/000069
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Original Assignee
Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer filed Critical Walter Francisco Alfredo Buschmann Schirmer
Publication of WO2017075728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017075728A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/14—Fishing vessels
    • B63B35/24—Fish holds
    • B63B35/26—Fish holds for live fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention is part of the field of aquaculture and refers to a system for the cultivation of fish, which is arranged in a body of water, to define a growing area.
  • Fish farming systems in the aquaculture industry are well known, and which are basically constituted by a floating structure, a fish tank that hangs, towards the bottom of the body of water, from said floating structure and a system of funding that allow the culture system to be kept in place.
  • Fish farming systems either square, rectangular, round or otherwise, allow to form or provide an area of water in which the fish that will be farmed are confined.
  • the culture systems are made up of a certain size which is defined by the size of the perimeter of the cage structure, and which must have such a configuration, that they maintain their resistance and do not collapse due to the action of the waves, sea currents, as well as adverse weather conditions.
  • One of the problems associated with the crop systems currently used in the aquaculture industry is related to the restriction of places where a fish culture system can be located in the sea, where said location is basically subject to the resistance that may have the cage structure and the anchorage system used, which are conditioned in its configuration and structure by the wave conditions, marine currents and climatic conditions of the sector, to which the culture systems can be subjected.
  • floating structures of smaller and more robust sizes are used, with a greater amount and size of structural elements of the cage and greater amount of anchoring elements, which determines a greater cost of manufacturing, implementation, operation and maintenance
  • This fish culture system currently used in the aquaculture industry, consisting of more than one cage arranged adjacent to each other, provides enclosed spaces for each of the fish tanks, forming an area of adjacent crops with reduced space. While it is true that this crop system gives certain benefits to crop management in general and its However, the operation has several problems, such as the circulation of water between each of the defined areas is restricted as each network is close together, which in turn affects the sanitary aspects of the crop in general.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to increase the cultivation area in such a way that it has the robustness that allows to position one culture system next to another, without affecting the circulation of water between adjacent growing areas, and without being affected by current conditions, intense waves, and adverse weather conditions.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system for the cultivation of fish whose structural configuration allows to maintain the area of fish culture defined by the fish and wolf nets, without sea currents, intense waves and / or adverse climatic conditions, agglutinate the networks restricting the area of fish culture, and therefore affecting their survival.
  • a second objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose structural configuration allows to configure adjacent crop areas of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and long, without restricting the circulation of water between cages, way to maximize the health conditions and growing conditions of the area, to increase the production capacity of fish by area.
  • a third objective of the invention is to provide a system for fish culture whose configuration comprises a modular cage structure, which facilitates its transport, assembly and maintenance, allowing to provide a robust and flexible cage structure at the same time, so that it can form a perimeter of structure of at least 60 meters by 60 meters wide and length, respectively, without the structure being affected by intense waves, strong water currents, as well as adverse weather conditions, and that allow to configure a culture system with multiple cage structures forming multiple adjacent crop areas, without affecting the circulation of water between cages and fish farming areas.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system whose configuration comprises a system of anchoring the cage structure as well as the fish and wolf nets, which allow to provide multiple adjacent and large cultivation areas, whose configuration allows to avoid said structures and areas of crops are adrift due to the effects of intense waves, strong sea currents, or adverse climatic conditions, allowing the configuration of the anchoring system to keep the cultivation system in place.
  • Still another objective of the invention is to provide a culture system for fish whose configuration comprises a system of ropes of ropes or ropes attached to the anchoring system, which allow to give rigidity, resistance and flexibility to the fish culture system, in order to maintain to the system in its place of anchorage and that maintain without major alteration the area, volume and surface of crop, without being affected by the adverse conditions of the climate or of the sea.
  • the invention of the present application provides a system for the cultivation of fish, which are used in aquaculture, comprising a cage structure, a fish net that hangs from the cage structure, a protective net against natural predators, such as a lobera network, which surrounds the fish tank network, a funding system, to keep the fish culture system in a particular place of a body of water, and a network of ropes or ropes that surrounds the entire periphery of the fish and wolf nets , as well as the upper surface of the fish culture system, which are associated with the anchoring system, where the cage structure is configured with a robust central aisle, which gives structural support to the entire culture system, to be associated to other crop systems, linked adjacently by means of union that grant a degree of flexibility and robustness to the crop systems linked together.
  • Figure 1 corresponds to a top side perspective view of a system for fish farming according to the invention.
  • Figure 2.- corresponds to a top partial top view of a fish culture system according to the invention.
  • Figure 3.- corresponds to a top view of a fish culture system that shows a partial detail of the elements of a modality, comprising the cage and part of the framework of the anchoring system.
  • Figure 4.- corresponds to an upper side perspective view showing a detail of the upper and lateral framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 5.- corresponds to a bottom side view in perspective showing a detail of the bottom and side framework of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figures 6a to 6f correspond to top views of the elements comprising the outer aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figures 7a and 7d correspond to top views of the elements comprising the central aisles that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 8 corresponds to a top view showing a detail of the structural configuration of an example of a passageway comprising the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 9 corresponds to a side view of the aisle illustrated in Figure
  • Figure 10 corresponds to a side view according to the cross-section A-A of the aisle illustrated in Figure No. 8.
  • Figures 11a to 11c correspond to side views showing a detail of the types of floats that may comprise the corridor structure used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 12 corresponds to a top view and a section of a type of junction of the aisles of adjacent cage structures of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 13 corresponds to a top and side view of a corner float used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 14 corresponds to a top view of joining pieces (yokes) of the anchoring system that are used in the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention, to join it to the anchorages
  • Figure 15a corresponds to a top view of joining means comprising the structural elements that form the cage structure of the fish culture system of the invention.
  • Figure 15b corresponds to a top view of the detail (b) of Figure 15a showing a first type of joining type of the joining means.
  • Figure 15c corresponds to a side view of the first type of joint type of Figure 15b.
  • Figure 15d corresponds to a side view of a second type of joint type of the joint means according to the detail (a) of Figure 15a.
  • Figure 15e corresponds to a top view of the detail (a) of Figure 15a showing a second embodiment of the type of joint comprising the joint means.
  • Figure 16 corresponds to a side view, an exploded top view and a top view of a third embodiment of a type of joint of a means for joining the structural elements comprising the cage structure of the culture system of the invention .
  • Figure 17a corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a first mode of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17b corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a second modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17c corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a third modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 17d corresponds to a side view showing the different constituent elements comprising a fourth modality of the anchoring system of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 18a corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 18b corresponds to a top view showing in part the structural configuration detail of the cage structure corridors according to one of the modalities of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 shows a detail of the difference in behavior of a traditional fish culture system with respect to the fish culture system of the present invention, which shows the existing deformation of the fish tank and lobera net by action of sea conditions and climates that influence a fish farming system.
  • Figure 20 corresponds to a top side view in perspective and a detail of a high density canvas or fabric comprising the fish culture system of the present invention, and allows to retain and stop debris falling towards the seabed from the seabed. culture area of the fish culture system of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 corresponds to a bottom perspective view according to the illustration in Figure 20.
  • the invention corresponds to a system for the cultivation of fish (1), as illustrated in Figure 1, such as those that are used in aquaculture, where said system for fish culture (1) is formed by a cage structure (2), a fish net (3) that hangs from the cage structure (2), a protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the fish net (3), and a funding system (5), to keep the fish culture system (1) in a specific place in a body of water.
  • a system for fish culture (1) is formed by a cage structure (2), a fish net (3) that hangs from the cage structure (2), a protective net against natural predators, such as a wolf net (4), which surrounds the fish net (3), and a funding system (5), to keep the fish culture system (1) in a specific place in a body of water.
  • a fish culture system (1) such as that of the invention, may comprise a series of cage structures (2) arranged adjacent to each other, as illustrated by figures 1 to 5, whether in longitudinal or transverse shape, or a combination thereof, and separated from each other to generate a sufficient space (6) between them, to allow a free flow of water between the cages (2).
  • the fish culture system (1) of the present invention comprises a cage structure (2) formed by a series of structural parts, such that said cage structure, comprises outer aisles (7) and at least one central aisle (8), where said outer aisles (7) are arranged to form a square or a rectangle, as can be seen in Figure 3, so that said cage structure (2) defines a perimeter (9) that forms a fish farming area and area (10).
  • the cage structure (2) is arranged in a body of water, such that the configuration of said cage structure (2) floats on the surface of the body of water, and the cultivation area or surface (10) is determined by the perimeter (9) that defines the union of the outer aisles (7) of the cage structure (2) and the fish tank (3), which hangs from the outer aisles (7), in order to define an area (10) for fish farming.
  • the fish culture system comprises a funding system (5), as schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, where said anchoring system is It is particularly configured by a network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by the cage structure (2), which can be seen schematically, in Figure 4, and where said network of ropes is attached to anchoring lines (12) that are part of the anchoring system (5), and which in turn comprise a lateral lattice of ropes (13), as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, and a lattice of lower ropes (14) also attached to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • a funding system (5), as schematically illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, where said anchoring system is It is particularly configured by a network of upper ropes (11), which pass through the upper part of the area defined by the cage structure (2), which can be seen schematically, in Figure 4, and where said network of ropes is attached to anchoring lines (12) that are part of the anchoring system (5), and which in turn comprise a lateral la
  • the lattices of upper, lateral and lower ropes (11, 13, 14) of the anchoring system (5) consist of a lattice or reticulate of ropes or ropes, which are arranged surrounding the lobe network (4), the lower part of the lobera or fishbowl net (3, 4), which look at the bottom of the sea floor, as well as the upper part of the cultivation system (1) defined by the perimeter formed by the outer aisles (7) that form the cage structure ( 2), where in addition ropes or ropes, they can join the lower ropes of ropes (14) with the upper ropes of ropes (11), as well as ropes or ropes can join the lateral ropes of ropes (13) to each other, so that said ropes or ropes may be part of the anchoring system (5), as seen in Figures 1 and 2.
  • each string truss (11, 13, 14) is formed by a series of ropes or ropes linked together horizontally and vertically and separated from each other forming a lattice of ropes or ropes, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 5.
  • Each ropes lattice (11, 13, 14) comprises horizontal ropes or ropes or longitudinal and vertical or transverse ropes or ropes, linked to each other by a series of means or elements and are arranged at a certain distance from the fish net (3) and wolf net (4), where the upper string of ropes (11) They are arranged to be joined or pass through the elements comprising the cage structure (2).
  • a means or distribution element of ropes or ropes is arranged, which has a shape that allows the ropes pass through said distribution pieces, in such a way that they allow, that the ropes only pass through said means, to form each fabric, and where at each of the vertices of each formed fabric (11, 13, 14), the ropes are tied to said distribution pieces, thus allowing a movement of the ropes that form the frameworks, granting a degree of flexibility and elasticity to the frameworks (11, 13, 14), allowing relative movement, but without However, while maintaining the necessary stiffness, to avoid deformation of the crop area defined by the fish net (3) and wolf net (4).
  • Each rope reticulate formed (11, 13, 14) is part of the anchoring system (5) of the cage structure (2), the fish tank (3) and the wolf net (4), where said anchoring system It is formed by anchoring lines (12) that are constituted by a series of anchoring lines or ropes linked together, by means of a series of elements that allow the fish culture system (1) to be held in place, for which said anchoring lines comprise floats, buoys, counterweights, anchoring ropes, means or elements of distribution of the ropes or lines, and an anchor or dead for anchoring, which is fixed to the seabed.
  • FIG. 17a to 17d An anchoring system (5) which is used in the fish culture system of the present invention (1), by way of example is illustrated in different embodiments in Figures No. 17a to 17d, which comprises a series of anchoring lines or ropes joined together in a particular arrangement as observed in said figures, where the lateral, upper and lower strings of ropes (11, 13, 14) are attached to a funding line (12) by means of elements tensioners (90, 93) that are attached to distribution pieces (84) of the ropes that form the frameworks, as well as said tensioners are attached to the buoys (76, 92) that are part of the anchoring system, in such a way that said tensioning elements are configured to be attached to both the fish tank (3) and the wolf network (4) so as to retain and stop said networks in place, giving resistance and flexibility to them, so that they are not are affected by the conditioning action s of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, maintaining the volume and cultivation area defined by the three-dimensional shape of said structure.
  • the anchoring system comprises a float (92) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) connected at one end to the buoy (92) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element such as a dead weight or an anchor
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and at its opposite end is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89).
  • This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate tensioning line (94), which is connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is joined or fixed, either through a branch (95) of said line (94) to the distribution pieces (84), which form the lateral framework (13).
  • a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the opposite end of a line distribution part (89), from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the water body (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element is anchored, such as a dead weight or an anchor, and to which a rope, line or rope (78) is attached that are attached at one end to the distribution part of lines (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element is anchored, such as a dead weight or an anchor, and to which a rope, line or rope (78) is attached that are attached at one end to the distribution part of lines (89), to define a funding line.
  • a rope, rope or anchor line is attached (75), which leaves to move away from the lateral framework (13).
  • a counterweight (85) that is attached to the distribution piece (84) and hangs thereon towards the seabed to keep the lateral latticework of ropes (13) upright.
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • the lateral rope trusses (13) are attached to a anchoring line (12) that is fixed to a float or buoy (79) through of a distribution piece ropes, ropes or anchoring lines (80), where said buoy is attached to said distribution part through a chain and a shackle (81), in this way the buoy supports and maintains in place the lateral latticework of ropes (13), as well as keeps in place the anchoring line, arranged at a certain distance below the surface of the body of water (82), to maintain a degree of flexibility and elasticity in the funding system (5).
  • An anchoring line, rope or rope (77) is attached to the distribution piece or plate (80), joining one end of said anchoring line (77) by means of a shackle (81) to the distribution plate (80) and the another end to a chain that is attached to a second buoy (79), arranged in a position further away from the cultivation system (1), which keeps the anchor line (77) at a distance from the surface of the body of the water (82).
  • a second anchoring line (76) is connected through a first end to one end of the buoy chain (79) and the opposite end, of said second anchoring line (76), is attached to a distribution piece of funding lines (83).
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the tensile forces that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or Rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86) and at its opposite end it is attached or tied to another ring (86), where said ring is attached or fixed to the distribution part (83) of anchor lines to which a counterweight (85) is attached.
  • anchoring lines or ropes (75, 87), rings (86) and counterweights (85) they form a damping line of the anchoring system (5), and where from said distribution piece (83) a anchoring line or rope (78) comes out that is attached to a anchoring device, such as a anchoring anchor or a deadweight of anchorage, which is set on the seabed.
  • a float (76) that has a body that partially floats on the surface of the body of water (82), where from said buoy a line, rope or anchoring line (91) attached at one end to the buoy (76) and at the other end to a line distribution part (89) from which a counterweight (85) hangs, which allows said line (91) to conform to a line with an inclined arrangement descending from the surface of the body of water (82) towards the seabed, where an anchoring element, such as a dead weight or an anchor, is anchored, and to which a rope, line or rope is fixed (78) which are connected at one end to the line distribution part (89), to define a funding line.
  • an anchoring element such as a dead weight or an anchor
  • the anchoring line or rope (75) is joined to form a damping line of the forces of traction that are exerted on the anchoring system (5), where said damping anchoring line (75) exits perpendicular to the bottommost part of the lateral framework (13), and where one end of said line or rope (75) is attached or tied to a ring (86) to which a counterweight (85) is also attached.
  • a rope or line (87) comes out that is tied or attached at one end to the ring (86 ) and by its end opposite is attached or fixed to the line distribution part (89).
  • This embodiment of the invention comprises at least one additional intermediate damping tensioning line (75 ' , 87 ' ), which is connected by one end of the intermediate rope (87 ' ) to the line distribution part (89), and where the opposite end is attached or fixed to a ring (86), and where from said ring an intermediate line (75 ' ) comes out, joined through one end to said ring, and attached to the distribution pieces of the ends or lines (84) of the lateral framework, through a branch (95) of said line (75 ' ).
  • the configuration of the anchoring system (5) makes it possible to maintain the tension forces, which affect the anchoring system, with an optimal distribution, since it allows to distribute in a balanced way through said funding system the tensions that are produced by the effect of the fish culture system (1) that is generated, by currents, waves, winds, and other adverse climatic factors, in such a way that the anchoring lines that comprise the anchoring system are prevented from breaking or collapsing, thus maintaining the fish culture system in place without collapsing and drifting, and allowing both to maintain the volume defined by the cultivation area (10) provided by said fish net (3) and wolf net (4), by keeping them in their normal disposition.
  • the upper, lateral and lower rope frameworks (11, 13, 14) attached to the anchoring system (5) provide more elasticity to the system for growing fish (2), which allows the forces to be distributed optimally by decreasing the pick anchor force in the anchoring system, since the anchoring line is broken.
  • Each network of ropes (11, 13, 14) provides an optimal restraint system, supporting the fish tank and lobera nets of the fish culture system (1), keeping these nets in place and distancing themselves from each other, achieving that by the formation and configuration of said network, the whole fish tank and wolf net is moved by the action of the currents, maintaining their volume and general disposition in the body of the water.
  • This better clamping and distribution of forces that is achieved in the cultivation system (1) allows to reduce the risks of collapse of the anchoring system, due to the cutting of the lines, since it improves the distribution of the tension forces of the system, causing the volume defined by the fishnet network to be maintained thus allowing to improve the oxygenation of the fish by improving the flow of water within the volume defined by the fish tank and the organization of the fish within said defined volume, by effectively maintaining the volume defined by the cage / fish tank set.
  • the cage structure (2) is configured by a series of elements linked together, to form a cage structure formed by a series of outer aisles (7), joined together to form a perimeter of the cage structure (2), either rectangular or square.
  • the cage structure (2) comprises a central aisle (8), forming the backbone of the cage structure (2), passing through the middle of the cage structures, improving the conditions of operability of fish culture system (1), giving greater strength to the cage structure (2), allowing to increase the size of the cages, being able to have a cage dimension, of at least 60m by 60m, forming a greater three-dimensional space, that is to say a greater area of culture for the fish, therefore a greater and better flow of the water in the area of culture, improving the conditions of oxygenation, circulation of water and in general habitat of the fish, decreasing mortality and improving the sanitary aspects of the farming area.
  • Each outer and central aisle (7, 8) is formed by a series of pieces joined together, which will be described with reference to figures 6 to 16 of the present invention.
  • the corridors are formed by the union of a series of corridor elements which can be seen in figures 6a to 7d, which have a similar structural configuration, however they have disposition of specific union elements, according to the location in which are arranged, to form the aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • Figure 6a illustrates an intermediate outer aisle element (15) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in figure N ° 8, which may have a non-slip surface.
  • the intermediate aisle elements (15) comprise connecting ends (18) configured with male (19) and female (20) male means or elements.
  • a first end (18) of the intermediate aisle element (15) comprises male means or connecting elements (19), which will be fitted or joined to the female connecting elements or means (20) of an intermediate aisle element or from another adjacent aisle element.
  • an intermediate aisle element (15) has a male connection means (19) at the first end (18) and a female connection means (20) at the opposite end (18).
  • the intermediate aisle elements (15) can also comprise on one or both longitudinal sides a series of eyebolts (21), which allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring system (5) to be joined, as well as the ropes or ends that are part of the upper rope framework (11) of the anchoring system (5).
  • the joining means or elements of the aisle elements will be explained in detail later.
  • a male corner aisle element (22) is illustrated in Figure 6b, wherein said male corner aisle element (22) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by elements of floors (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (22) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined, to form the outer aisles (7) or central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the male corner aisle element (22), comprises at least one of its ends at least one male means or connecting element (23) disposed on one of its longitudinal side edges. With this configuration said aisle element (22) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • said male corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or either the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass.
  • said aisle element (22) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral male connecting element (23), a reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse beams is arranged and orthogonal to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as cross-sectional aisle elements.
  • a female corner aisle element (24) is illustrated in Figure No. 6c, wherein said female corner aisle element (24) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together. by means of floor elements (17), which can be appreciate in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those who may possess a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (24) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that other aisle elements can be joined together to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the female corner aisle element (24), comprises at least one of its ends (18) at least one female connecting means or element (25) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal side edges of the corner aisle element female (24).
  • said aisle element (24) is used to allow the joining of other aisle elements perpendicularly, to form transverse or central aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • said female corner aisle element may comprise at least one eyebolt (21) disposed on at least one of its longitudinal edges, so as to allow the ropes or ends of the anchoring lines of the anchoring system (5) to be joined or the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5) can pass.
  • said aisle element (24) comprises at the end (18) where the lateral female connecting element (25) is arranged, at least one reinforcing means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the longitudinal beams (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, as they are attached to other longitudinally as well as transverse aisle elements.
  • Figure 6d illustrates a central corridor elements (27) comprising longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (27) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), so which can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central (8) aisles of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the central anchoring corridor element (27), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one of its lateral edges at least one eyebolt (21), so as to allow the ropes or ropes of the anchorage lines of the anchoring system (5) can either pass the ropes or ends of the upper framework (11) of the anchoring system (5).
  • said aisle elements (27) comprise in their central part, where the eyebolts (21) are arranged, at least one reinforcement means (26), formed by a series of plates and / or transverse and orthogonal beams to the beams longitudinal (16), to increase the tensile strength by forces that said aisle elements will suffer, being connected to the anchoring lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • Figure 6e shows a central anchoring corridor element (27), which may have a greater length, comprising along its longitudinal axis, more than one reinforcing element or means (26) in combination with the location of the eyebolts (21) for joining anchor lines (12) of the anchoring system (5).
  • Said aisle element has the same configuration as the central anchoring corridor element described and illustrated in Figure No. 6d, which additionally comprises more reinforcing elements, to thereby increase its size.
  • a corridor element with central male / female connection means (28) is illustrated in Figure 6f, wherein said corridor element (28) comprises longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which they are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that can have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (28) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end possesses a male connecting means or element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female joining means or element (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements, to form either the outer (7) or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • the configuration of the aisle element with central male / female connecting means (28), comprises in its central part of its longitudinal axis, at least one longitudinal edge of the aisle element, at least one female means or connecting element (29) and in its longitudinal edge opposite at least one male means or connecting element (30), such that to said joining means (29, 30), other elements can be joined in a transverse or perpendicular arrangement to said aisle element (28) of corridor, to form transverse, exterior (7), and / or central aisles (8) of the cage structure (2).
  • Reinforcing elements or means (31) formed by transverse beams (32) to the longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle element (28) are arranged in association with the joining means (29, 30), arranged in the central part of said aisle element (28), so as to give greater resistance to the tension forces that will be produced by the coupling of at least one other aisle element, in said male / female connection means (29, 30) comprising said aisle element (28).
  • Figures 7a and 7b show corridor elements, which are normally used in the structural conformation of the central aisle (8) of the cage structure (2), where said central aisle elements (33a, 33b), are configured by a series of longitudinal beams (16) arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, which are joined together by means of floor elements (17), which can be seen in detail in Figure N ° 8, and those that may have a non-slip surface.
  • This aisle element (33a, 33b) comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a female means or connecting element (20), of form that can be attached to other aisle elements.
  • FIG. 33a, 33b The particular configuration of this type of central aisle element (33a, 33b), considers the arrangement in at least one of its ends (18) male joining means (34) and female joining means (35) arranged at the side edges of the aisle element, but at least one of the ends of the aisle element (33a, 33b), where associated with said lateral joining elements, the aisle element comprises reinforcing elements (26).
  • a aisle element (33c) is illustrated in Figure 7c, which comprises opposite ends (18), where one end has a male means or connecting element (19) and at the opposite end (18) a means or connecting element female (20), so that they can be attached to other aisle elements.
  • Figure 7d illustrates by way of example, that the aisle elements (33d) of which the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) is configured, can be manufactured in different dimensions, whether longitudinal as well as in the width of said aisles, for which it is necessary to add to the configuration of said aisles longitudinal beams (16) as well as reinforcement elements (26, 31), to provide the necessary resistance to said aisle elements.
  • the structural configuration, generally used, for the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d) comprising the cage structure (2), is illustrated through Figures 8 to 10, where the aisle elements comprise longitudinal beams (16) which are joined together through floor elements (17) arranged on the upper face (36) of the beams (16) so that said aisle elements are arranged, once formed the structure of the cage (2), on the surface of the body of water on which the fish culture system (1) is arranged.
  • Said aisle elements may have a punched floor surface configuration (37) in order to achieve a non-slip corridor surface, or they may have a smooth configuration, however elements that allow providing a non-slip corridor surface can be added.
  • the side or edge beams (16) of the aisle elements may be configured by braced beams (38), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, so as to give greater structural strength to the aisle elements, and where the central longitudinal beams (16) of the aisle elements, can be configured as single beams or stringers (39), as can be seen in detail in Figure No. 10.
  • the cage structure (2) is arranged partly above the surface of the body of water in which the fish culture system (1) will be arranged, for which the cage structure (2) must have the conditions of necessary buoyancy, which is achieved by the configuration of the aisle elements, which have at least one float (40) arranged below the surface or upper face of the longitudinal beams (16), attached to the face or lower surface (41) of said beams (16), as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10.
  • the aisle elements comprise a series of floats (40 ) arranged and attached to the longitudinal beams (16), spaced apart, in order to keep the floor of the corridor floating above the surface of the body of water.
  • Figures N ° 11a to 1 1c show different configuration of connection of the floats to the beams, as well as different forms of floats, where the shape of said floats (40) can be round, oval, square, rectangular, triangular , or any type of form.
  • the floats may be attached to the beams through plates (42), as illustrated in particular in Figure No. 1b.
  • the floats can be square in shape, which is illustrated by way of example in Figure No. 11c.
  • connecting elements of cage structures (43) are arranged between the cage structures (2), which can be seen illustratively in Figure N ° 3, these cage joining elements (43), are It is formed by at least one longitudinal bar (44) at whose ends (45) they comprise at least one means or connecting element, as illustrated in Figures 15 and 16, and where said joining elements (43) comprise at least a support piece (100), which allows supporting and joining a series of bars (44) arranged adjacent, parallel and spaced apart, where said support piece (100) has at least one hole (96) having a diameter greater than the diameter of the bar (44) in order to generate a gap or clearance (97) between the bar (44) and the support piece (100) when a bar crosses or is inserted in the hole (96), achieving with this configuration to maintain a degree of movement of the bar.
  • a series of support elements (100) are arranged along a series of bars (44) arranged adjacently, parallel and spaced apart, as can be seen in figure 12, and wherein said cage structure joint element configuration further comprises a support structure (99) that allows fixing floor elements (17) on it.
  • the support elements (00) can also comprise at least one eye bolt (21) for joining anchor lines (12), as well as the ropes or ropes of the frames (11, 13, 14).
  • cage structures (43) By means of these joining elements of cage structures (43), it is possible to configure a system for fish culture (1) consisting of at least two cage structures (2) arranged adjacent and adjacent to each other, maintaining a distance (6) considerable between both cage structures (2) allowing to maintain the necessary rigidity and flexibility of the entire fish culture system (1), with sufficient clearance between cages, in order to achieve optimum water circulation between them.
  • a corner float (47) connecting the corridors can be seen in Figure 13, has a square shape, however it should not be that way, since it can have another shape, such as round, rectangular, oval, etc. .
  • the corner float is formed by a float (48) that has an upper surface (49) which coincides with the upper plane of the upper surface of the aisle elements of the cage structure (2), so that said surface upper is part of the surface of the corridors of the cage structure (2).
  • This corner float comprises means or male connecting elements (50) on at least one of its lateral edges and female joining means (51) on at least one of its edges, so that the aisle elements, the corner float forming, the corner of a junction between the aisles of the cage structure (2), as illustrated in Figure 3, can be configured by using said corner float (47) in a configuration modality of the cage structure (2) of the fish culture system (1) of the present invention.
  • the joining means or elements comprising the aisle elements, as well as the corner float, can be an integral part of said elements, or they can be configured as individually formed elements, such as those illustrated in Figure 14, where a means or male connecting element (52) comprises a base plate (53) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that form the cage structure (2), where from said plate stand out in form perpendicular tabs (54) that have through holes.
  • a female connection means or element (55) is configured by a base plate (56) that has at least one hole for fixing, so that it can be fixed to the structural elements that are part of the cage structure (2) , where a pair of tabs (57) separated from each other protrude from said stage, having through holes.
  • the flange (54) of the male joining means (53) is introduced into the space between the pair of separate tabs (57) of the female connecting element or means (55), of so that through the through holes, a bolt or pin that allows both male and female joining means (52, 55) is arranged and passed.
  • a male (19) and female (20) means or joining element, comprising the elements that are part of the cage structure (2) are illustrated in detail, where said connecting element or means (19, 20) are configured as an element that is an integral part of the different elements comprising the cage structure (2), to be joined together, to form said cage structure, or may be manufactured as an individual element, which is fixed to the cage structure (2), through fixing means, such as bolts, screws, pins, welding, among others, to be part of the different elements of the structure of cage (2) that must be attached to each other or elements of the fish culture system (1) are attached to the cage structure (2) by using said means or joining elements (19, 20).
  • the male connecting element or means (19) comprises a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (59) is fixed that protrudes from said base perpendicularly.
  • the flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (59) comprises a through hole (60) which can comprise at least one bushing (61) that surrounds the inner hole, which can be manufactured solidly or elastic, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other elements, or a combination thereof.
  • the female connecting element or means (20) comprises a base (62) that can be formed by at least one stage, on which at least one pair of tabs (63) that are separated from each other are fixed, at a distance which coincides with the width of the flange (59) of the means or male connecting element (19) to be arranged between said pair of tabs (63), wherein said pair of tabs (63) protrude from said base in a perpendicular manner.
  • the pair of tabs can be formed by a stage, where said pair of tabs (63) comprises a through hole (64) which can comprise at least one bushing (65) that surrounds the through inner hole (64), which can be made of solid or elastic form, such as steel, iron, stainless steel, plastic, rubber, rubber, among other materials, or a combination thereof.
  • male and female means or elements of connection (19, 20) allows the connection between the elements of the cage structure (2) to each other, thus allowing to maintain a degree of flexibility between said joined elements, as well also a resistance of the cage structure (2).
  • the way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means is carried out by inserting the flange (59) of the male connecting element (19) between the clearance between the pair of flanges (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes (60, 64) are aligned so as to pass a bolt (66) through said through holes (60, 64 ), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) that is fixed on a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both connecting element or means is made, which are arranged or fixed in the different element comprising the cage structure (2).
  • This joint configuration between elements allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and stiffness.
  • the male attachment element (19) is configured by a base (58), which can be formed by a stage, on which at least one flange (68) protruding from said base perpendicularly is fixed.
  • the flange can be formed by a stage, where said flange (68) comprises a cavity (69) comprising a through hole (70).
  • the cavity (69) of the flange (68) has a shape that can accommodate a spherical or round element, such as a ball (71) inside, which has a through central hole (72).
  • the label (71) is arranged in the cavity (69) of the flange (68) in such a way that the through holes (70, 72), of the cavity and of the ball joint are aligned, and the ball joint (71) is fixed inside by means of a threaded cover (73) with external thread, which is screwed into an internally spun end (74) of the cavity (69) of the flange (68), thus maintaining the ball joint (71) being an integral part inside the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19).
  • the way of joining between said male and female connecting elements or means (19, 20), for the embodiment illustrated in Figure No. 16, is carried out by inserting the flange (68) of the male connecting element (19) between the free space remaining between the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (20), the through holes of the flange (68), which has the ball joint (71) incorporated and with its through holes (70, are aligned) 72) already aligned, with the through hole (64) such that the through hole (72) of the kneecap is aligned with the through hole (64) of the pair of tabs (63) of the female connecting element (19) of way of passing a bolt (66) through said through holes (64, 72), and where said bolt is secured by fixing a threaded nut (67) which is fixed at a spun end of said bolt (66), in this way the coupling between both elements or joining means is made, which are arranged or fi jados in the different element that includes the cage structure (2).
  • This configuration of union between elements allows to maintain a relative movement between the elements joined together, in order to maintain a degree of flexibility, elasticity and rigidity, and where by means of the arrangement of said label (71) a movement is achieved in all possible directions, without a shift in the movement of the joint, which avoids the stresses, which can damage the joint between said male (19) and female (20) male elements or means, and providing between Elements of the cage structure (2) a point of attachment that allows to grant a movement of the structure but without displacement.
  • the configuration of the cage structures (2) can be seen in Figures 18a and 18b, where two configuration modalities are illustrated, of the multiple configuration of cage structures (2) that can be performed, by joining the different aisle elements (15, 22, 24, 27, 28, 33a-33d), which can be joined together, allowing the formation of cage structures that have enough flexibility to allow relative movement between their joined elements, in order to always maintain the shape, volume and cultivation area for the fish, and at the same time provide robustness and rigidity sufficient to prevent adverse climatic conditions, as well as waves and sea currents, influence the area and volume of fish culture, in order to avoid a collapse of the culture system, as can be seen as an example in Figure 19, where a culture system traditionally used in the art is appreciated, where by action of sea currents, waves and adverse climatic conditions, it produces that the fish tank (3, 3 ' ) and the wolf network (4, 4 ' ) move both towards the side as upwards, as a result of the anchoring system (5, 5 ' ) collapsing, cutting the anchoring lines, as it
  • this cultivation system (1) allows to avoid the problems of the technique, since by the configuration of the cage structure (2), where it has a robust central aisle, as a structural support element, by the configuration of the upper, lateral and lower frameworks (11, 13, 14), as well as the anchoring system configuration
  • the configuration of the culture system (1) of the present invention allows joining a series of adjacent crop systems, maintaining said individual conditions that are achieved with its configuration, and where it is also possible to maintain an optimum water circulation flow between adjacent cultivation systems, by allowing them to be separated at a distance
  • an element for waste collection (88) which falls from the culture system (1), either for food that is not consumed by fish, as well as the feca of farmed fish in said culture area defined by each fish culture system (1) of the invention, it is arranged above the lower cross-link (14), which allows a support element to be provided to said waste collection element (88), and allowing for the configuration of the lower framework (14), which is part of the anchoring system, to keep it fixed and rigid in its position, thus being easily implemented, arranged and maintained in position.
  • This waste collection element (88) can be a plastic, a high density fabric, a canvas, a polypropylene element, which allows it to be permeable or semi-permeable.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système pour l'élevage de poissons utilisé en aquaculture qui comprend au moins une structure de cage, au moins un filet à poissons qui pend à partir de la structure de cage pour former au moins un volume et une zone d'élevage à l'intérieur d'un corps d'eau, au moins un système de mouillage et au moins un treillis de cordages ou cordes qui entoure toute la périphérie des filets, ainsi que la surface supérieure du système pour l'élevage de poissons, la structure de cage étant formée d'au moins une série d'éléments de couloirs reliés entre eux au moyen d'au moins un élément ou moyen de liaison mâle et femelle disposés dans lesdits au moins un élément de couloir, pour former au moins un couloir extérieur qui forme le périmètre de l'au moins une structure de cage et l'au moins un couloir central robuste qui constitue le support structural du système d'élevage, l'au moins un treillis de cordages comprenant au moins un treillis de cordes supérieur, latéraux et inférieur reliés audit au moins un système de mouillage, au moins une structure de la cage et au moins un filet à poissons, le système de mouillage comprenant au moins une ligne de mouillage et au moins une ligne d'amortissement.
PCT/CL2016/000069 2015-11-04 2016-11-03 Système pour l'élevage de poissons WO2017075728A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CL2015003245A CL2015003245A1 (es) 2015-11-04 2015-11-04 Sistema para el cultivo de peces que comprende una estructura de jaula, una red pecera, un sistema de fondeo, y un entramado de cabos o cuerdas que circunda toda la periferia de las redes y la superficie superior del sistema para cultivo de peces.
CL3245-2015 2015-11-04

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CN107318732A (zh) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-07 合肥学院 单点锚泊网箱带动力缓冲功能的锚链系统
WO2018224429A1 (fr) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-13 Nv Bekaert Sa Module d'aquaculture doté d'une grille de corde

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CL2015003239A1 (es) * 2015-11-04 2016-08-05 Francisco Buschmann Schirmer Walter Sistema de reticulado de cabos o cuerdas que se encuentra dispuesto y es utilizado con una jaula para el cultivo de peces

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WO2018224429A1 (fr) * 2017-06-08 2018-12-13 Nv Bekaert Sa Module d'aquaculture doté d'une grille de corde
CN107318732A (zh) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-07 合肥学院 单点锚泊网箱带动力缓冲功能的锚链系统
CN107318732B (zh) * 2017-07-19 2020-12-08 合肥学院 单点锚泊网箱带动力缓冲功能的锚链系统

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