WO2017067349A1 - 一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端 - Google Patents

一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017067349A1
WO2017067349A1 PCT/CN2016/098887 CN2016098887W WO2017067349A1 WO 2017067349 A1 WO2017067349 A1 WO 2017067349A1 CN 2016098887 W CN2016098887 W CN 2016098887W WO 2017067349 A1 WO2017067349 A1 WO 2017067349A1
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pilot signal
pilot
subcarrier
antennas
antenna
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PCT/CN2016/098887
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
辛雨
郁光辉
曹爱军
塔赫里·索哈尔
果莱希·米尔
萧培
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP16856782.4A priority Critical patent/EP3382970A4/en
Priority to US15/770,480 priority patent/US10574414B2/en
Publication of WO2017067349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017067349A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/264—Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular window
    • H04L27/26416—Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2697—Multicarrier modulation systems in combination with other modulation techniques
    • H04L27/2698—Multicarrier modulation systems in combination with other modulation techniques double density OFDM/OQAM system, e.g. OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0096—Indication of changes in allocation
    • H04L5/0098—Signalling of the activation or deactivation of component carriers, subcarriers or frequency bands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/264—Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular window
    • H04L27/26414—Filtering per subband or per resource block, e.g. universal filtered multicarrier [UFMC] or generalized frequency division multiplexing [GFDM]

Definitions

  • This document relates to, but is not limited to, the field of data communications, and more particularly to a pilot signal transmission method and apparatus, and a transmitting end.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 4G Full Term Evolution
  • LTE adopts Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology, and time-frequency resources composed of subcarriers and OFDM symbols form a wireless physical resource of the LTE system.
  • OFDM technology has been widely used in wireless communication.
  • a CP-OFDM system using a cyclic prefix CP can solve the multipath delay problem well and divide the frequency selective channel into a set of parallel flat channels, which simplifies the channel estimation method. And has a higher channel estimation accuracy.
  • the performance of the CP-OFDM system is sensitive to the frequency offset, which is sensitive to the Doppler shift. This is mainly because the spectrum leakage of the system is relatively large, so it is easy to cause inter-carrier interference (ICI). .
  • ICI inter-carrier interference
  • the CP also takes up time resources and reduces spectrum efficiency.
  • the wireless communication 5G Freth Generation
  • the BCMC-based Muti-Carrier Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation FBC-OQAM
  • the FBMC-OQAM symbol length is half the length of the OFDM symbol.
  • FBMC-OQAM is also called OFDM-OQAM in some materials.
  • FBMC-OQAM uses a suitable pulse shaping function to reduce out-of-band leakage and better combat frequency offset and Doppler shift effects.
  • FBMC-OQAM does not require the use of CP, so it is also beneficial to improve spectral efficiency.
  • FBMC-OQAM systems There are some channel estimation methods for FBMC-OQAM systems in the related art, one of which is to separate pilot symbols and data symbols by using null data symbols to reduce interference of data symbols to pilot symbols, thereby improving channel estimation performance.
  • the pilot signal overhead is relatively large, and in the case of multiple antennas, multiple null data symbols are required to separate the pilot symbols of each antenna, so that the pilot signal overhead is greater.
  • the channel estimation performance in this mode is not very good.
  • Another method is to use the auxiliary pilot method to cancel the interference of the surrounding data on the pilot data. If the number of auxiliary pilots is relatively small, the power of the auxiliary pilot will be relatively large in order to cancel the interference.
  • auxiliary pilot affects the peak-to-average ratio of the signal; if the number of auxiliary pilots is relatively large, the pilot overhead is relatively large, and in this setting mode, the channel estimation performance is not very good. Therefore, proposing a good pilot signal design method and corresponding channel estimation method in FBMC-OQAM system is an important problem that the current technology needs to solve.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a pilot signal transmission method and device, and a transmitting end, which can reduce pilot overhead and improve channel estimation performance.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a pilot signal transmission method, and the method includes:
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are all non-zero data
  • the phase of the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees;
  • phase of the third pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees
  • the first pilot signal is 180 degrees out of phase with the third pilot signal.
  • the amplitudes of the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are the same.
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are respectively -j*X(m), X(m), j*X(m); or
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are respectively j*X(m), X(m), -j*X(m);
  • X(m) is real pilot data, complex pilot data, or imaginary pilot data.
  • the pilot signals are transmitted on subcarriers of equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain.
  • the method further includes:
  • the number of antennas set in the transmitting end is P*Q;
  • each antenna occupies the same symbol to transmit the pilot signal
  • the two antennas occupy not exactly the same symbol in the time domain to transmit the pilot signal.
  • the method further includes: for the same group of P antennas,
  • Any two of the antennas transmit pilot signals on different subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • a pilot signal is set on the jth subcarrier corresponding to the ith antenna
  • i is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to P;
  • j a1*k+b1[i]; where a1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to P, and b1[i] is the ith root
  • the antenna corresponds to a non-negative integer smaller than a1, and the values of b1[i] corresponding to different antennas are different;
  • k is a non-negative integer and is an arithmetic progression column;
  • the transmitted signal data on the subcarrier m1-1 on the ith antenna is set to: 0, I(m1-1) on the same three symbols as the pilot signal. 0; the signal data transmitted on the subcarrier m1+1 on the ith antenna is set to: 0, I(m1+1), 0; wherein the I is calculated according to the formula containing X(m1) (m1+1); and/or, the I(m1-1) is calculated according to a formula containing X(m1).
  • the calculating the I(m1+1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols
  • g m1+1 is the second of the three pilot symbols a filter function of the symbols on the subcarrier m1+1
  • g m1+2 is a filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2;
  • the calculation of the I(m1-1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols; g m1-1 is the third pilot symbol The prototype filter function of the two symbols on the subcarrier m1-1; g m1+2 is the prototype filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a pilot signal transmission device, the device comprising:
  • a data unit configured to set a first pilot signal, a second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal on the same subcarrier
  • a transmitting unit configured to separately transmit the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal on three consecutive symbols on the subcarrier
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are all non-zero data.
  • the phase of the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees;
  • phase of the third pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees
  • the first pilot signal is 180 degrees out of phase with the third pilot signal.
  • the amplitudes of the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are the same.
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal set by the data unit are respectively -j*X(m), X(m), j*X(m); or ,
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal set by the data unit are respectively j*X(m), X(m), -j*X(m);
  • X(m) is real pilot data, complex pilot data, or imaginary pilot data.
  • the transmission unit is configured to transmit a pilot signal on consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain;
  • the pilot signals are transmitted on subcarriers of equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain.
  • the data unit is further configured to set, for multiple antennas disposed in the transmitting end, a pilot signal transmitted on a subcarrier corresponding to each antenna;
  • the number of antennas set in the transmitting end is P*Q;
  • each antenna is set to occupy the same symbol to transmit the pilot signal
  • the two antennas are arranged to occupy symbols that are not identical in the time domain to transmit the pilot signals.
  • the data unit is further configured to be the same group of P antennas.
  • Any two of the antennas transmit pilot signals on different subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • the data unit is configured to transmit pilot signals on the subcarriers for each of the P antennas of the same group by:
  • a pilot signal is set on the jth subcarrier corresponding to the ith antenna for the ith antenna of the P antennas;
  • i is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to P;
  • j a1*k+b1[i]; where a1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to P, b1[i] is a non-negative integer corresponding to the ai antenna corresponding to a1, and b1[i] corresponding to different antennas The value is different; k is a non-negative integer and is an arithmetic progression;
  • the data unit is further configured to be in the same group of P antennas, when the subcarriers of the P antenna transmitting the pilot signal are continuously distributed in the frequency domain, when the ith antenna is on the ith antenna
  • the signal data transmitted on the subcarrier m1-1 on the ith antenna is set to be the same as the three symbols transmitting the pilot signal: 0, I(m1-1), 0; set the signal data transmitted on the subcarrier m1+1 on the ith antenna to be: 0, I(m1+1), 0; wherein, according to X(m1)
  • the formula of the formula calculates the I(m1+1); and/or, the I(m1-1) is calculated according to the formula containing X(m1).
  • the calculating the I(m1+1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols
  • g m1+1 is the second of the three pilot symbols a filter function of the symbols on the subcarrier m1+1
  • g m1+2 is a filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2;
  • the calculation of the I(m1-1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols
  • g m1-1 is the third pilot symbol
  • g m1+2 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1+2 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a transmitting end, and the transmitting end comprises any of the above pilot signal transmitting devices.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: setting a first pilot signal, a second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal on the same subcarrier; and consecutive three on the subcarrier Transmitting, respectively, the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal; wherein the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are all non-zero data
  • the phase of the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees
  • the phase of the third pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees
  • the phase of the third pilot signal is 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the interference between the data before the first symbol and the data after the third symbol on the pilot signal on the second symbol can be isolated.
  • the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the first symbol is different from the phase of the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the second symbol by 90 degrees, and the phase difference is 90 degrees, which can increase the signal noise of the pilot signal jointly demodulated in the same direction.
  • Ratio: the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the third symbol is different from the phase of the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the second symbol by 90 degrees.
  • the phase difference of 90 degrees may increase the pilot signal joint in the same direction.
  • the frequency signal can not only increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the joint detection of the intermediate symbol pilot point signals on the same subcarrier, but also the pilot signal of the two sides on the adjacent subcarriers.
  • the interference can cancel each other out.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can save resources for separating interference, thereby saving pilot overhead.
  • the channel estimation performance at the receiving end can be improved due to the cancellation of interference. Therefore, with the solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the channel estimation performance of the FBMC system or other systems with time-frequency physical resources can be improved while keeping the pilot overhead relatively small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of transmitting pilot signals on consecutive subcarriers in a frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of transmitting pilot signals on subcarriers with equal frequency spacing distribution in a frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams showing setting of subcarrier transmission pilot signals on two transmitting antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic diagrams showing setting of a subcarrier transmission pilot signal in another two transmitting antennas according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pilot signal transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • pilot signal transmission method proposed by the embodiment of the present invention can be used in an FBMC system, and can also be used in other systems such as a GFDM system.
  • the types of transmitting devices at the transmitting end include: a base station, a terminal, a relay, and a transmitting point. These transmitting devices are collectively referred to as transmitting nodes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a pilot signal transmission method for a transmitting node to transmit a pilot signal.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 100 Set a first pilot signal, a second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal on the same subcarrier.
  • Step 200 The first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are respectively transmitted on consecutive three symbols on the subcarrier.
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are all non-zero data, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are out of phase by 90 degrees;
  • the third pilot signal is different from the phase of the second pilot signal by 90 degrees; the first pilot signal is 180 degrees out of phase with the third pilot signal.
  • the pilot signal is transmitted by three consecutive symbols, and the interference between the symbol before the first symbol and the symbol data after the third symbol on the pilot signal on the second symbol may be isolated.
  • the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the first symbol is different from the phase of the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the second symbol by 90 degrees, and the phase difference is 90 degrees, and the pilot signal can be jointly demodulated in the same direction.
  • Signal-to-noise ratio; and, the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the third symbol is different from the phase of the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the second symbol by 90 degrees.
  • the advantage of phase difference of 90 degrees is that the same direction And increasing a signal to noise ratio of the joint demodulation of the pilot signal; the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the first symbol is 180 degrees out of phase with the number of pilot data elements transmitted on the third symbol; and the phase is 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the pilot signals on both sides can not only increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the joint detection of the intermediate symbol pilot points on the same subcarrier, but also the interference of the pilot signals on the intermediate symbol pilot signals on adjacent subcarriers can cancel each other out. .
  • the amplitudes of the pilot data elements transmitted on the three symbols are the same, such that the interference of the two side pilot signals on the intermediate symbol pilot signals on adjacent subcarriers can completely cancel each other, and the three symbol pilot signals are jointly detected.
  • the signal to noise ratio is better.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not require additional null symbols to isolate interference of other data symbols on pilot symbols, and can save resources for separating interference, thereby saving pilot overhead. Moreover, the channel estimation performance at the receiving end can be improved due to the cancellation of interference.
  • the pilot signals transmitted on the first symbol and the third symbol are all non-zero signals.
  • the pilot signal transmitted on the first symbol is the same as the amplitude of the pilot signal transmitted on the second symbol, and the phase is different by 90 degrees;
  • the pilot signal transmitted on the third symbol is The pilot signals transmitted on the second symbol have the same amplitude and phase difference of 90 degrees;
  • the pilot signal transmitted on the first symbol is 180 degrees out of phase with the pilot signal transmitted on the third symbol.
  • the pilot signal transmitted on the first symbol is j*X(m)
  • the pilot signal transmitted on the second symbol is -j*X(m).
  • j is the square root of -1
  • X(m) is the real pilot data on subcarrier m.
  • the pilot signals transmitted on the first to third symbols on the mth subcarrier may be -j*X(m), X(m), and j*X(m), respectively.
  • X(m) may be complex pilot data or pure imaginary pilot data elements in addition to real pilot data.
  • the pilot signals are transmitted on consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain; or the pilot signals are transmitted on subcarriers with equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of transmitting pilot signals on consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the abscissa is time t
  • the length of each cell is the length or interval of each FBMC-OQAM symbol
  • the ordinate is the frequency f
  • the length of each cell is the width or interval of each subcarrier.
  • the first three symbols are pilot symbols, which are: first symbol, second symbol, and third symbol, respectively.
  • the number of subcarriers is assumed to be: 0, 1, 2...N
  • the shaded portion indicates a time-frequency resource for transmitting a pilot signal, wherein a total of 15 subcarriers are included, and the 0th to 11th subcarriers are used to transmit a pilot signal.
  • pilot signals are transmitted in three symbols.
  • the time-frequency resources of the non-shaded portion of Figure 2 transmit other data.
  • Table 1 shows the pilot signals transmitted on each subcarrier in the example given in connection with FIG.
  • the value of X(m) may be set to be different or the same, and in this example, the value of X(m) is 1 or -1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of transmitting pilot signals on subcarriers with equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • pilot signals are transmitted on subcarriers of equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain.
  • the first three symbols are pilot symbols, which are: first symbol, second symbol, and third symbol, respectively.
  • the time-frequency resources of the non-negative line in Figure 2 transmit other data.
  • Table 2 is the pilot signals transmitted on each subcarrier in the example given in connection with FIG.
  • the value of X(m) may be set to be different or the same, and in this example, the value of X(m) is 1 or -1.
  • the subcarriers on one antenna are taken as an example for description.
  • the following describes the scenario on multiple antennas provided on the transmitting end as an example.
  • an antenna port is generally used to define a logical antenna.
  • the number of antennas in the embodiment of the present invention is also represented as the number of antenna ports, and each antenna is also represented as each antenna port.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are collectively referred to as an antenna and an antenna number.
  • the pilot signal transmission method provided in the above embodiments may be used on one transmitting antenna or on multiple transmitting antennas (that is, each antenna adopts this manner).
  • the number of antennas set in the transmitting end is P*Q, and the number of subcarriers corresponding to each antenna is N;
  • the pilot signals on the subcarriers corresponding to the antenna occupy the same symbol in the time domain;
  • the pilot signals on the subcarriers corresponding to the antenna occupy different symbols in the time domain.
  • group 1 and group 2 there are two sets of antennas, group 1 and group 2, respectively, where, for example, group 1 occupies symbols 1, 2, and 3 to transmit pilot signals, and group 2 occupies symbols 3, 4, and 5 to transmit pilot signals.
  • any two of the antennas transmit pilot signals on different subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • a pilot signal is set on the jth subcarrier corresponding to the ith antenna
  • i is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to P;
  • j a1*k+b1[i]; where a1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to P, b1[i] is a non-negative integer corresponding to the ai antenna corresponding to a1, and b1 corresponding to different antennas [ i] the values are different; k is a non-negative integer and is an arithmetic progression; a1, k, and b1[i] are set such that the value of j is less than or equal to N.
  • the subcarrier sequences m1, m2, . . . , mP are subcarrier sequences equally spaced; wherein m1 is a subcarrier sequence for transmitting pilot signals on antenna 1, and m2 is A subcarrier sequence for transmitting a pilot signal on the antenna 2, and so on, mP is a subcarrier sequence for transmitting a pilot signal on the antenna P, and the subcarrier sequences m1, m2, . . . mP constitute a continuously distributed subcarrier sequence.
  • subcarrier sequence m1 , m2, m3, and m4 form a continuously distributed subcarrier sequence [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].
  • 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams showing the setting of subcarrier transmission pilot signals on two transmitting antennas in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the subcarrier sequence m1 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 1 and the subcarrier sequence m2 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 2 are staggered in the frequency domain. That is, m1 is not equal to m2.
  • the subcarrier sequence m1 for transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 1 is an equally spaced subcarrier sequence
  • the subcarriers m2 transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 2 are equally spaced.
  • the subcarrier sequence m1 for transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 1 is an equally spaced subcarrier sequence
  • the subcarriers m2 transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 2 are equally spaced.
  • Subcarrier sequence, and subcarrier sequence m1 and subcarrier sequence m2 form a continuously distributed subcarrier sequence
  • three subcarrier sequences m1-1 or m1+1 on antenna 1 are identical to the three pilot signals transmitted
  • the signal data transmitted on the symbol is: 0, 0, 0.
  • the signal data transmitted on the three symbols identical to the pilot signal transmitted on the subcarrier sequence m2-1 or m2+1 on the antenna 2 is: 0, 0, 0.
  • the signal data is 0, indicating that no data is transmitted on the time-frequency resource, or that there is no signal power on the time-frequency resource.
  • the benefit of setting the data element to zero on the corresponding resource on the day line is to reduce the interference of the antenna to the pilot signal on the other antenna.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of distribution of subcarrier transmission pilot signals on the antenna 1;
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of distribution of subcarrier transmission pilot signals on the antenna 2.
  • the sequence of the subcarriers m1 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 1 is: 0, 2, ..., 12, and the sequence of subcarriers m1+1 (ie 1, 3, ..., 13) on the antenna 1
  • the signal data transmitted on the same three symbols transmitting the pilot signal is: 0, 0, 0.
  • the sequence of the subcarriers m2 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 2 is: 1, 3, ..., 13, and the sequence of subcarriers m1-1 (i.e., 0, 2, ..., 12) on the antenna 2
  • the signal data transmitted on the same three symbols as the pilot signal is transmitted: 0, 0, 0.
  • the subcarrier sequence m1 for transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 1 is an equally spaced subcarrier sequence, and the subcarriers m2 transmitting the pilot signal on the antenna 2 are equally spaced.
  • Subcarrier sequence, and the subcarrier sequence m1 and the subcarrier sequence m2 form a continuously distributed subcarrier sequence, when the pilot signal is transmitted on the subcarrier m1 on the antenna 1, the same as the transmission of the pilot signal On the symbol, the transmitted signal data on the subcarrier sequence m1-1 on the antenna 1 is: 0, I(m1-1), 0; the number of signals transmitted on the subcarrier sequence m1+1 on the antenna 1 According to: 0, I (m1 + 1), 0. Where I(m1-1) or I(m1+1) is calculated by X(m1).
  • the advantage of setting the data element to I(m1-1) or I(m1+1) on the corresponding resource on the day line is to reduce the interference of the antenna to the pilot signal on the other antenna.
  • the I(m1+1) is calculated according to a formula containing X(m1); and/or,
  • the calculating the I(m1+1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols; g m1+1 is the third pilot symbol The prototype filter function of the two symbols on the subcarrier m1+1; g m1+2 is the prototype filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2.
  • the calculation of the I(m1-1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols
  • g m1-1 is the third pilot symbol
  • g m1+2 is the prototype filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2.
  • the signal data transmitted on the subcarrier m2-1 on the antenna 2 is: 0, I(m2-1), 0; the signal data transmitted on the subcarrier m2+1 on the antenna 2 is: 0, I(m2+1), 0.
  • I(m2-1) or I(m2+1) is calculated by X(m2).
  • a signal data of 0 indicates that no data is transmitted on the time-frequency resource, or that there is no signal power on the time-frequency resource. Since the receiving end is known data, the signal data 0 can also be referred to as a kind of pilot data, and the signal data is: I(m1-1), I(m1+1), I(m2-1) ), or I(m2+1) can also be referred to as a type of pilot data.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 4B another schematic diagram of setting a subcarrier transmission pilot signal on two transmit antennas on the time-frequency physical resource of the FBMC-OQAM system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • the sequence of the subcarriers m1 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 1 is: 0, 2, ..., 12, and the subcarriers m1+1 on the antenna 1 (ie 1, 3, ..., 13)
  • the signal data transmitted on the same three symbols on the sequence as the pilot signal is: 0, I(m1+1), 0.
  • the sequence of the subcarriers m2 carrying the pilot signal transmitted on the antenna 2 is: 1, 3, ..., 13, and the subcarriers m2-1 on the antenna 2 (ie, 0, 2, ..., 12)
  • the signal data transmitted on the same three symbols on the sequence as the pilot signal is: 0, I(m2-1), 0.
  • I(m1+1) is calculated by X(m1) and I(m2-1) is calculated by X(m2). That is, in FIG. 5A, I1, I3, ..., I13 on the symbol 2 resource are respectively calculated by X(0), X(2), ..., X(12) on the pilot resource; in FIG. 5B I0, I2, ..., I12 on the symbol 2 resource are respectively calculated by X(1), X(3), ..., X(13) on the pilot resource.
  • a pilot signal transmission apparatus includes:
  • the data unit 10 is configured to set a first pilot signal, a second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal on the same subcarrier;
  • the transmitting unit 20 is configured to separately transmit the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal on three consecutive symbols on the subcarrier;
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are all non-zero data.
  • the phase of the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees;
  • phase of the third pilot signal and the second pilot signal are different by 90 degrees
  • the first pilot signal is 180 degrees out of phase with the third pilot signal.
  • the amplitudes of the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal are the same.
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal set by the data unit 10 are -j*X(m), X(m), and j*X(m), respectively. );or,
  • the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal set by the data unit 10 are respectively j*X(m), X(m), -j*X(m);
  • X(m) is real pilot data, complex pilot data, or imaginary pilot data.
  • the pilot signal is transmitted on consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain;
  • the pilot signals are transmitted on subcarriers of equal frequency spacing distribution in the frequency domain.
  • the data unit 10 is further configured to set a pilot signal transmitted on a subcarrier corresponding to each antenna for multiple antennas disposed in the transmitting end;
  • the number of antennas set in the transmitting end is P*Q, and the number of subcarriers corresponding to each antenna is N;
  • each antenna occupies the same symbol to transmit the pilot signal
  • the two antennas occupy not exactly the same symbol in the time domain to transmit the pilot signal.
  • Any two of the antennas transmit pilot signals on different subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • a pilot signal is set on the jth subcarrier corresponding to the ith antenna for the ith antenna of the P antennas;
  • i is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to P;
  • j a1*k+b1[i]; where a1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to P, b1[i] is a non-negative integer corresponding to the ai antenna corresponding to a1, and b1 corresponding to different antennas [ i] the value is different; k is non-negative The number is an arithmetic progression; a1, k, and b1[i] are set such that the value of j is less than or equal to N.
  • the data unit 10 is further configured to be in the same group of P antennas, when the subcarriers of the P antenna transmitting the pilot signal are continuously distributed in the frequency domain, when the ith root is When the pilot signal is transmitted on the subcarrier m1 on the antenna, the signal data of the transmission on the subcarrier m1-1 on the ith antenna is set on the same three symbols as the pilot signal.
  • the calculating the I(m1+1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols; g m1+1 is the second of the three pilot symbols The filter function of the symbols on the subcarrier m1+1; g m1+2 is the filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2.
  • the calculation of the I(m1-1) according to the formula containing X(m1) includes:
  • g m1 is a prototype filter function on the subcarrier m1 of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols
  • g m1-1 is the third pilot symbol
  • g m1+2 is the prototype filter function of the second symbol of the three pilot symbols on the subcarrier m1+2.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a transmitting end, where the transmitting end includes any one of the pilot signal transmitting apparatuses provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the receiving device type at the receiving end includes a base station, a terminal, a relay, and the like, and these receiving devices are collectively referred to as a receiving node.
  • the receiving node receives the pilot data for channel estimation, thereby demodulating data or determining channel state information.
  • the pilot signal transmission method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention can improve channel estimation performance of a receiving node.
  • the pilot signal transmission method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be used in other FBMC systems, or more widely, in other FBMC-OQAM systems, and can also be used in other multi-carrier systems.
  • FBMC systems such as GFDM (Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing)
  • GFDM Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the symbol length of the GFDM system is twice the length of the FBMC-OQAM symbol
  • the three symbol intervals of the transmission pilot signal are half the symbol length of the GFDM. That is, one pilot symbol is inserted at each of the two-half symbol length positions of one pilot symbol n of the GFDM.
  • Other content in the pilot signal transmission method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention is the same as or similar to the corresponding content in the FBMC-OQAM.
  • the pilot signal transmission method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention can not only improve the signal-to-noise ratio of joint detection of pilot points, but also cancel interference on adjacent subcarriers and interference between each antenna, and can also save separation.
  • the physical time-frequency resources of the interference, and therefore, the channel estimation performance and the pilot overhead of the FBMC system or other systems with time-frequency physical resources can be improved by using the pilot signal transmission method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Relatively small.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the method described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the instructions are related to hardware (eg, a processor) that can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • a computer readable storage medium such as a read only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.
  • each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, for example, by implementing an integrated circuit to implement its corresponding function, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module, for example, executing a program stored in the memory by a processor. / instruction to achieve its corresponding function.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.
  • the above technical solution can save resources for separating interference, thereby saving pilot overhead. Moreover, the channel estimation performance at the receiving end can be improved due to the cancellation of interference. Therefore, with the above technical solution, the channel estimation performance of the FBMC system or other systems with time-frequency physical resources can be improved while keeping the pilot overhead relatively small.

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Abstract

一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端；该方法包括：设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；在同一子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；其中，第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据；第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。该技术方案节省了分离干扰的资源，节省了导频开销，通过干扰的抵消提高接收端的信道估计性能，从而能够在保持导频开销比较小的情况下，提高FBMC系统或其他以时频为物理资源的系统的信道估计性能。

Description

一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于数据通信领域，尤指一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端。
背景技术
长期演进技术LTE(Long Term Evolution)是4G(Fourth Generation)的无线蜂窝通信技术。LTE采用正交频分复用OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)技术，子载波和OFDM符号构成的时频资源组成LTE系统的无线物理资源。目前OFDM技术在无线通信中已经应用比较广了。采用了循环前缀CP(cyclic prefix)的CP-OFDM系统能很好的解决多径时延问题，并且将频率选择性信道分成了一套平行的平坦信道，这很好地简化了信道估计方法，并有较高的信道估计精度。然而，CP-OFDM系统性能对频偏比较敏感，也即对多普勒频移比较敏感，这主要是由于该系统的频谱泄漏比较大，因此容易导致子载波间干扰ICI(inter-carrier interference)。而且，CP也占用了时间资源，降低了频谱效率。
现在各大公司在开始研究无线通信5G(Fifth Generation)技术，其中偏移正交幅度调制的滤波器组多载波系统FBMC-OQAM(Filter Bank-based MutiCarrier Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)技术有可能在5G中采用。在子载波间隔相同的情况下，FBMC-OQAM符号长度是OFDM符号长度的一半。FBMC-OQAM在有的资料中也称为OFDM-OQAM。FBMC-OQAM使用合适的波形(pulse shaping)函数进行滤波，减少了带外泄漏，也能更好的对抗频偏和多普勒频移影响。而且，FBMC-OQAM没有要求使用CP，因此也有利于提高频谱效率。
然而，在实际的衰弱信道下，FBMC-OQAM系统的子载波间和符号间存在着内在固有的干扰，特别是相邻的子载波间和符号间的干扰比较大，这会严重影响到接收端的信道估计性能，进而影响到对数据的解调。原来 CP-OFDM系统的信道估计方法不能直接用在FBMC-OQAM系统里，因此就需要对FBMC-OQAM系统的导频进行特殊设计以及相应地采用不同的信道估计方法。
相关技术中存在一些FBMC-OQAM系统的信道估计方法，其中一种方法是：使用空数据符号将导频符号和数据符号隔开，以减少数据符号对导频符号的干扰，进而提高信道估计性能。但这种设置方式中，导频信号开销比较大，而且在多天线的情况下，就需要多个空数据符号将每根天线的导频符号隔开，这样导频信号开销就更大了，而且这种方式中信道估计性能也不是很好。另一种方法是：使用辅助导频的方法来抵消周围数据对导频数据的干扰，如果辅助导频个数比较少的话，为了抵消干扰，则辅助导频的功率就会比较大，然而，辅助导频的功率比较大会影响信号的峰均比；如果辅助导频个数比较多的话，就会导致导频开销比较大，同时这种设置方式中，信道估计性能也不是很好。因此在FBMC-OQAM系统里提出一个好的导频信号设计方法以及相应的信道估计方法是当前技术需要解决的一个重要问题。
在其他FBMC系统里，比如广义频分复用系统GFDM(Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing)，也需要解决导频信号设计及相应的信道估计方法的问题。因此我们希望能提出一种好的导频信号设计方法，尽可能适合在以时频物理资源为基础的多种系统中通用。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提出了一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端，能够减小导频开销、并提高信道估计性能。
本发明实施例提出了一种导频信号传输方法，所述方法包括：
设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
在同一子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；其中，
所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据；
所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
可选地，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号的幅值相同。
可选地，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)；或，
所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)；
其中，X(m)是实数导频数据、复数导频数据、或虚数导频数据。
可选地，在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或
在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
针对发射端中设置的多个天线，设置每个天线对应的子载波上传输的导频信号；
其中，发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q；
将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
在同一组天线里，每个天线占用相同的符号来传输所述导频信号；
对于不同组的任两个天线，所述任两个天线在时域上占用不完全相同的符号来传输所述导频信号。
可选地，所述方法还包括：对于同一组的P根天线，
其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
可选地，在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于或等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根 天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整数、且为等差数列；
可选地，在同一组的P根天线中，当P根天线传输所述导频信号的子载波在频域上间隔连续分布时，当其中第i根天线上的子载波m1上传输有所述导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，将第i根天线上的子载波m1-1上的传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1-1)、0；将第i根天线上的子载波m1+1上传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1+1)、0；其中，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)。
可选地，所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000001
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000002
其中
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000004
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的滤波函数；
所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000005
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000006
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载 波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。本发明实施例还提出了一种导频信号传输装置，所述装置包括：
数据单元，设置为设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
传输单元，设置为在所述子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据，
所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
可选地，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号的幅值相同。
可选地，所述数据单元设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)；或，
所述数据单元设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)；
其中，X(m)是实数导频数据、复数导频数据、或虚数导频数据。
可选地，传输单元，是设置为在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或
在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
可选地，所述数据单元，还设置为针对发射端中设置的多个天线，设置每个天线对应的子载波上传输的导频信号；
其中，发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q；
将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
在同一组天线里，设置每个天线占用相同的符号来传输所述导频信号；
对于不同组的任两个天线，设置所述任两个天线在时域上占用不完全相同的符号来传输所述导频信号。
可选地，所述数据单元，还设置为对于同一组的P根天线，
其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
可选地，所述数据单元是设置为通过如下方式实现对于同一组的P根天线中的每根天线在子载波上传输导频信号：
在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整数、且为等差数列；
可选地，所述数据单元，还设置为在同一组的P根天线中，当P根天线传输所述导频信号的子载波在频域上间隔连续分布时，当其中第i根天线上的子载波m1上传输有所述导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，将第i根天线上的子载波m1-1上的传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1-1)、0；将第i根天线上的子载波m1+1上传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1+1)、0；其中，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)。
可选地，所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000007
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000008
其中
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000010
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波 m1+2上的滤波函数；
所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000011
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000012
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
本发明实施例还提出了一种发射端，所述发射端包括上述任一导频信号传输装置。
与相关技术相比，本发明实施例提供的技术方案包括：设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；在所述子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据，所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。通过上述技术方案，采用同一子载波中连续3个符号传输导频信号，可以隔离第一符号之前符号和第三符号之后符号上的数据对第二符号上导频信号的干扰。所述第一符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第二符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差90度，相位相差90度可以同向增加导频信号联合解调的信噪比；所述第三符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第二符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差90度，同理，相位相差90度可以同向增加导频信号联合解调的信噪比；所述第一符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第三符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差180度，相位相差180度的好处是：两边导频信号不但可以同向增加同一子载波上中间符号导频点信号联合检测的信噪比，而且两边导频信号对于相邻子载波上中间符号导频信号 的干扰可以相互抵消。本发明实施例可以节省分离干扰的资源，从而节省了导频开销。而且由于干扰的抵消可以提高接收端的信道估计性能。因此，通过本发明实施例的方案，能够在保持导频开销比较小的情况下，提高FBMC系统或其他以时频为物理资源的系统的信道估计性能。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本发明实施例提出的一种导频信号传输方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号的示意图；
图4A和图4B为本发明实施例中2根发射天线上的子载波传输导频信号的设置示意图；
图5A和图5B为本发明实施例提供的另一种2根发射天线中的子载波传输导频信号的设置示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提出的一种导频信号传输装置的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面结合附图对本发明实施例作进一步的描述，并不能用来限制本发明的保护范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的各种方式可以相互组合。本发明实施例提出的导频信号传输方法可以用于FBMC系统里，也可以用于例如GFDM系统之类的其他系统。
发射端的发射设备种类包括：基站、终端、中继(relay)、发射点(transmitting point)，本专利将这些发射设备统称为发射节点。
本发明实施例提出了一种导频信号传输方法，用于发射节点发射导频信号，参见图1，所述方法包括：
步骤100，设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
步骤200，在所述子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据，所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
本发明实施例中，采用连续3个符号传输导频信号，可以隔离第一符号之前符号和第三符号之后符号数据对第二符号上导频信号的干扰。所述第一符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第二符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差90度，通过相位相差90度，可以同向增加导频信号联合解调的信噪比；并且，第三符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第二符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差90度，同理，相位相差90度的好处是可以同向增加导频信号联合解调的信噪比；所述第一符号上传输的导频数据元数与所述第三符号上传输的导频数据元数的相位相差180度；相位相差180度的好处是：两边导频信号不但可以同向增加同一子载波上中间符号导频点信号联合检测的信噪比，而且两边导频信号对于相邻子载波上中间符号导频信号的干扰可以相互抵消。所述三个符号上传输的导频数据元数幅值相同，这样两边导频信号对于相邻子载波上中间符号导频信号的干扰可以完全相互抵消，而且三个符号导频信号联合检测的信噪比更好。本发明实施例不需要额外的空符号来隔离其他数据符号对导频符号的干扰，可以节省分离干扰的资源，从而节省了导频开销。而且由于干扰的抵消可以提高接收端的信道估计性能。
本发明实施例中，可选地，第一符号和第三符号上传输的导频信号均为非0信号。
可选地，所述第一符号上传输的导频信号与所述第二符号上传输的导频信号的幅值相同、且相位相差90度；所述第三符号上传输的导频信号与所述第二符号上传输的导频信号的幅值相同、且相位相差90度；所述第一符号上传输的导频信号与所述第三符号上传输的导频信号的相位相差180度。
下面结合一个示例进行说明。
在天线对应的第m个子载波上的第1～3个符号来传输导频信号，其中，第一符号上传输的导频信号为j*X(m)，第二符号上传输的导频信号为X(m)，第二符号上传输的导频信号为-j*X(m)。其中j为-1的平方根，X(m)为子载波m上的实数导频数据。再例如，第m个子载波上的第1～3个符号上分别传输的导频信号可以依次为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)。此外，X(m)除了是实数导频数据，也可以是复数导频数据或者纯虚数导频数据元素。本发明实施例中，可选地，在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或，在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
下面结合具体的示例进行说明。
结合图2所示，为本发明实施例中在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号的示意图。
其中，横坐标为时间t，每一格长度为每个FBMC-OQAM符号长度或间隔；纵坐标为频率f，每一格长度为每个子载波宽度或间隔。在时域上，从左到右，前三个符号为导频符号，这三个符号分别是：第一符号、第二符号、和第三符号。在频域上，从下往上，假定子载波的编号依次为：0、1、2…N，传输导频信号的子载波的编号依次为：0、1、2…M，其中M<＝N。也就是说，传输导频信号的子载波序列可以占用整个传输带宽，也可以占用部分传输带宽。
图2中，阴影部分表示用于传输导频信号的时频资源，其中，总共包括15个子载波，第0～11个子载波用于传输导频信号。对于传输导频信号的子载波，在三个符号中传输导频信号。
即，本示例中以N＝14，M＝11为例进行说明。可以通过公式m＝A*k+a来表示哪些子载波用于传输导频信号，本示例中，公式中A＝1，a＝0，k＝0、1、…、11；其中，m为设置为传输导频信号的子载波的编号。
因此，对于传输导频信号的子载波m，在三个符号中传输导频信号可以依次是：j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)，其中，m为子载波序号，m＝0、1、2、…、、11。图2中非阴影部分的时频资源传输其他数据。
表1为结合图2给出的示例中每个子载波上传输的导频信号。
子载波编号m 第一符号 第二符号 第三符号
11 j 1 -j
10 j 1 -j
9 -j -1 j
8 -j -1 j
7 j 1 -j
6 j 1 -j
5 -j -1 j
4 -j -1 j
3 j 1 -j
2 j 1 -j
1 -j -1 j
0 -j -1 j
其中，对于不同的子载波，X(m)的值可以设置为不同或相同，本示例中，X(m)的值为1或者-1。
结合图3所示，为本发明实施例中在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号的示意图。
图3是导频信号在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输的场景。在时域上，从左到右，前三个符号为导频符号，这三个符号分别是：第一符号、第二符号、和第三符号。在频域上，从下往上，假定子载波编号依次为：0、1、2、…、N，假定传输导频信号的子载波m编号依次为：0、2、4、…、M，M<＝N。图3中，是M＝12的例子。如果使用公式m＝A*k+a来表示的话，那公式中A＝2，a＝0，k＝0、1、…、6。因此图3中阴线部分的时频资源传输的导频信号为：j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)，其中，m为子载波序号，m＝0、2、…、12。图2中非阴线部分的时频资源传输其他数据。
表2为结合图3给出的示例中每个子载波上传输的导频信号。
子载波编号m 第一符号 第二符号 第三符号
12 j 1 -j
11      
10 j 1 -j
9      
8 -j -1 j
7      
6 j 1 -j
5      
4 -j -1 j
3      
2 j 1 -j
1      
0 -j -1 j
其中，对于不同的子载波，X(m)的值可以设置为不同或相同，本示例中，X(m)的值为1或者-1。
上述示例中，以一根天线上的子载波为例进行说明。下面结合发射端上设置的多根天线上的场景为例进行说明。在LTE系统中，一般是用天线端口来定义逻辑天线，本发明实施例的天线数也表示为天线端口数，每根天线也表示为每个天线端口。为了方便起见，本发明实施例统称为天线及天线数。
上述实施例中提供的导频信号传输方法可以用在1根发射天线上，也可以用在多根发射天线上(即每根天线都采用这种方式)。
本发明实施例中，可选地，当发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q、每根天线对应的子载波数目为N时；
将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
对于同一组的天线，所述天线对应的子载波上的导频信号在时域上占用相同的符号；
对于不同组的天线，所述天线对应的子载波上的导频信号在时域上占用不完全相同的符号。例如，有两组天线，分别为组1和组2，其中，比如组1占用符号1、2、和3来传输导频信号，组2占用符号3、4、和5来传输导频信号。
可选地，对于同一组的P根天线，其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
可选地，在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于或等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整数、且为等差数列；a1、k、和b1[i]被设置为使得j的值小于或等于N。
本发明实施例中，在同一组的P根天线中，子载波序列m1、m2…mP均为等间隔分布的子载波序列；其中m1为天线1上传输导频信号的子载波序列、m2为天线2上传输导频信号的子载波序列，以此类推，mP为天线P上传输导频信号的子载波序列，并且，子载波序列m1、m2…mP组成连续分布的子载波序列。例如，P为4，m1为[0，4，8]、m2为[1，5，9]、m3为[2，6，10]、m4为[3，7，11]，子载波序列m1、m2、m3和m4组成连续分布的子载波序列[0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9，10，11]。
下面结合具体的示例进行说明。
结合图4A和4B所示，为本发明实施例中2根发射天线上的子载波传输导频信号的设置示意图。
其中，以发射端发射天线数为2的情况为例进行说明。其中，天线1上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波序列m1与天线2上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波序列m2在频域上错开分布。即m1不等于m2。采用公式表示为：m1＝a1*k+c1和m2＝a1*k+c2，其中a1为大于1的正整数；c1 和c2为非负整数且小于a1，并且c1不等于c2；k为一定长度的整数序列；其中，整数序列是指等差为1的等差数列。
可选地，当发射端发射天线数为2时，天线1上传输导频信号的子载波序列m1为等间隔分布的子载波序列，天线2上传输导频信号的子载波m2为等间隔分布的子载波序列，并且，子载波序列m1和子载波序列m2组成连续分布的子载波序列，即，m1＝2*k+d，m2＝2*k+d+1，其中d＝0或1，k为一定长度的整数序列。
可选地，当发射端发射天线数为2时，天线1上传输导频信号的子载波序列m1为等间隔分布的子载波序列，天线2上传输导频信号的子载波m2为等间隔分布的子载波序列，并且子载波序列m1和子载波序列m2组成连续分布的子载波序列时，天线1上的子载波序列m1-1或者m1+1上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、0、0。天线2上的子载波序列m2-1或者m2+1上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、0、0。所述信号数据为0表示该时频资源上不发射数据，或者说该时频资源上没有信号功率。在一天线上对应的资源上将数据元素设为0的好处是可以减少该天线对另一根天线上导频信号的干扰。
其中，图4A为天线1上的子载波传输导频信号的分布示意图；图4B为天线2上的子载波传输导频信号的分布示意图。天线1上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波m1序列为：0、2、…、12，天线1上的子载波m1+1(即1、3…、13)序列上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、0、0。天线2上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波m2序列为：1、3、…、13，天线2上的子载波m1-1(即0、2、…、12)序列上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、0、0。
可选地，当发射端发射天线数为2时，天线1上传输导频信号的子载波序列m1为等间隔分布的子载波序列，天线2上传输导频信号的子载波m2为等间隔分布的子载波序列，并且子载波序列m1和子载波序列m2组成连续分布的子载波序列时，当天线1上的子载波m1上传输有导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，天线1上的子载波序列m1-1上的传输的信号数据为：0、I(m1-1)、0；天线1上的子载波序列m1+1上传输的信号数 据为：0、I(m1+1)、0。其中，I(m1-1)或I(m1+1)通过X(m1)计算得出。在一天线上对应的资源上将数据元素设为I(m1-1)或I(m1+1)的好处是可以减少该天线对另一根天线上导频信号的干扰。
可选的，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，
根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)；
其中，
所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000013
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000014
其中
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000016
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000017
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000018
其中
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000020
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载 波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
其中，当天线2上的子载波m2上传输有导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，天线2上的子载波m2-1上的传输的信号数据为：0、I(m2-1)、0；天线2上的子载波m2+1上传输的信号数据为：0、I(m2+1)、0。其中，I(m2-1)或I(m2+1)通过X(m2)计算得出。
信号数据为0表示该时频资源上不发射数据，或者说该时频资源上没有信号功率。由于接收端是已知数据，因此，所述信号数据0也可以称为是一种导频数据，所述信号数据：I(m1-1)、I(m1+1)、I(m2-1)、或I(m2+1)也可以称为是一种导频数据。
结合图5A和4B所示，为本发明实施例提供的另一种在FBMC-OQAM系统时频物理资源上，2根发射天线上的子载波传输导频信号的设置示意图。
图5A中，天线1上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波m1序列为：0、2、…、12，天线1上的子载波m1+1(即1、3、…、13)序列上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、I(m1+1)、0。图5B中，天线2上传输的承载所述导频信号的所述子载波m2序列为：1、3、…、13，天线2上的子载波m2-1(即0、2、…、12)序列上的与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上传输的信号数据为：0、I(m2-1)、0。
其中，I(m1+1)通过X(m1)计算得出，I(m2-1)通过X(m2)计算得出。也就是说，图5A中，符号2资源上的I1、I3、…、I13分别通过导频资源上的X(0)、X(2)、…、X(12)计算得出；图5B中，符号2资源上的I0、I2、…、I12分别通过导频资源上的X(1)、X(3)、…、X(13)计算得出。
基于与上述实施例相同或相似的构思，本发明实施例还提供一种导频信号传输装置，参见图6，本发明实施例提出的一种导频信号传输装置包括：
数据单元10，设置为设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
传输单元20，设置为在所述子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据，
所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
本发明实施例中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号的幅值相同。
本发明实施例中，所述数据单元10设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)；或，
所述数据单元10设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)；
其中，X(m)是实数导频数据、复数导频数据、或虚数导频数据。
本发明实施例中，在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或
在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
本发明实施例中，所述数据单元10还设置为针对发射端中设置的多个天线，设置每个天线对应的子载波上传输的导频信号；
其中，发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q、每根天线对应的子载波数目为N；
将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
在同一组天线里，每个天线占用相同的符号来传输所述导频信号；
对于不同组的任两个天线，所述任两个天线在时域上占用不完全相同的符号来传输所述导频信号。
本发明实施例中，对于同一组的P根天线，
其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
本发明实施例中，在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于或等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整 数、且为等差数列；a1、k、和b1[i]被设置为使得j的值小于或等于N。
本发明实施例中，所述数据单元10还设置为在同一组的P根天线中，当P根天线传输所述导频信号的子载波在频域上间隔连续分布时，当其中第i根天线上的子载波m1上传输有所述导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，将第i根天线上的子载波m1-1上的传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1-1)、0；将第i根天线上的子载波m1+1上传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1+1)、0；其中，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)。
本发明实施例中，所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000021
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000022
其中
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000024
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的滤波函数。
所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000025
或者
Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-000026
其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载 波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
基于与上述实施例相同或相似的构思，本发明实施例还提供一种发射端，所述发射端包括本发明实施例提供的任意一种导频信号传输装置。
接收端的接收设备种类包括基站、终端、中继(relay)等等，上述这些接收设备统称为接收节点。接收节点接收所述导频数据用于信道估计，进而解调数据或确定信道状态信息。与相关技术相比，本发明实施例提供的导频信号传输方法和装置可以改善接收节点的信道估计性能。
本发明实施例提供的导频信号传输方法和装置除了可以使用在FBMC-OQAM系统中，还可以使用在其他FBMC系统里，或者更广泛一点，还可以使用在其他多载波系统里。在其他FBMC系统里，比如GFDM(Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing)，也需要解决导频信号设计。当GFDM系统的符号长度是FBMC-OQAM符号长度的2倍时，所述传输导频信号的三个符号间隔为GFDM的半个符号长度。也即在GFDM的一个导频符号n的两边半个符号长度的位置各插入一个导频符号。本发明实施例提供的导频信号传输方法和装置中的其他内容与FBMC-OQAM中的对应内容相同或相似。
本发明实施例提供的导频信号传输方法和装置不但可以提高导频点信号联合检测的信噪比，而且可以抵消相邻子载波上的干扰和每个天线间的干扰，而且还可以节省分离干扰的物理时频资源，因而，使用本发明实施例提供的导频信号传输方法和装置，可以很好地提高FBMC系统或其他以时频为物理资源的系统的信道估计性能，并且导频开销相对比较小。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述实施例所述的方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件(例如处理器)完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，例如通过集成电路来实现其相应功能，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现，例如通过处理器执行存储于存储器中的程序/指令来实现其相应功能。本发明不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
需要说明的是，以上所述的实施例仅是为了便于本领域的技术人员理解而已，并不用于限制本发明的保护范围，在不脱离本发明的发明构思的前提下，本领域技术人员对本发明所做出的任何显而易见的替换和改进等均在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
上述技术方案可以节省分离干扰的资源，从而节省了导频开销。而且由于干扰的抵消可以提高接收端的信道估计性能。因此，通过上述技术方案，能够在保持导频开销比较小的情况下，提高FBMC系统或其他以时频为物理资源的系统的信道估计性能。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种导频信号传输方法，所述方法包括：
    设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
    在同一子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；其中，
    所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据；
    所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
    所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
    所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号的幅值相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，
    所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)；或，
    所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)；
    其中，X(m)是实数导频数据、复数导频数据、或虚数导频数据。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，
    在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或
    在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的导频信号传输方法，所述方法还包括：
    针对发射端中设置的多个天线，设置每个天线对应的子载波上传输的导频信号；
    其中，发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q；
    将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
    在同一组天线里，每个天线占用相同的符号来传输所述导频信号；
    对于不同组的任两个天线，所述任两个天线在时域上占用不完全相同的符号来传输所述导频信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的导频信号传输方法，所述方法还包括：
    对于同一组的P根天线，其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，
    在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
    其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
    其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于或等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整数、且为等差数列。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，
    在同一组的P根天线中，当P根天线传输所述导频信号的子载波在频域上间隔连续分布时，当其中第i根天线上的子载波m1上传输有所述导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，将第i根天线上的子载波m1-1上的传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1-1)、0；将第i根天线上的子载波m1+1上传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1+1)、0；其中，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的导频信号传输方法，其中，
    所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100001
    或者
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100002
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100004
    其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的滤波函数；
    所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100005
    或者
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100006
    其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
  10. 一种导频信号传输装置，所述装置包括：
    数据单元，设置为设置同一子载波上的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
    传输单元，设置为在所述子载波上连续的三个符号上分别传输所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号；
    其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号均为非0数据，所述第一导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
    所述第三导频信号与所述第二导频信号的相位相差90度；
    所述第一导频信号与所述第三导频信号的相位相差180度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的导频信号传输装置，其中，所述第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号的幅值相同。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的导频信号传输装置，其中，
    所述数据单元设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为-j*X(m)、X(m)、j*X(m)；或，
    所述数据单元设置的第一导频信号、第二导频信号、第三导频信号分别为j*X(m)、X(m)、-j*X(m)；
    其中，X(m)是实数导频数据、复数导频数据、或虚数导频数据。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的导频信号传输装置，其中，
    传输单元，是设置为在频域上连续的子载波上传输导频信号；或
    在频域上等频率间隔分布的子载波上传输导频信号。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的导频信号传输装置，
    所述数据单元，还设置为针对发射端中设置的多个天线，设置每个天线对应的子载波上传输的导频信号；
    其中，发射端中设置的天线数为P*Q；
    将发射天线划分为Q组，每组P根天线；其中，P和Q为正整数，
    在同一组天线里，设置每个天线占用相同的符号来传输所述导频信号；
    对于不同组的任两个天线，设置所述任两个天线在时域上占用不完全相同的符号来传输所述导频信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的导频信号传输装置，
    所述数据单元，还设置为对于同一组的P根天线，其中的任意两根天线分别在频域上不同的子载波上传输导频信号。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的导频信号传输装置，其中，所述数据单元是设置为通过如下方式实现对于同一组的P根天线中的每根天线在子载波上传输导频信号：
    在同一组的P根天线中，对于P根天线中的第i根天线，在所述第i根天线对应的第j个子载波上设置导频信号；
    其中，i为大于0且小于或等于P的整数；
    其中，j＝a1*k+b1[i]；其中，a1为大于或等于P的正整数，b1[i]为第i根天线对应的小于a1的非负整数、且不同天线对应的b1[i]值不同；k为非负整数、且为等差数列。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的导频信号传输装置，
    所述数据单元，还设置为在同一组的P根天线中，当P根天线传输所述导频信号的子载波在频域上间隔连续分布时，当其中第i根天线上的子载波m1上传输有所述导频信号时，在与传输所述导频信号相同的三个符号上，将第i根天线上的子载波m1-1上的传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1-1)、0；将第i根天线上的子载波m1+1上传输的信号数据设置为：0、I(m1+1)、0；其中，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)；和/或，根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)。
  18. 根据权利要求8所述的导频信号传输装置，其中，
    所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1+1)包括：
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100007
    或者
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100008
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100010
    其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的滤波函数；gm1+1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+1上的滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的滤波函数；
    所述根据包含有X(m1)的公式计算得到所述I(m1-1)包括：
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100011
    或者
    Figure PCTCN2016098887-appb-100012
    其中，“*”为共轭运算，gm1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1上的原型滤波函数；gm1-1为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1-1上的原型滤波函数；gm1+2为所述3个导频符号中第2个符号的在子载波m1+2上的原型滤波函数。
  19. 一种发射端，所述发射端包括权利要求10～18提供的任一导频信号传输装置。
PCT/CN2016/098887 2015-10-23 2016-09-13 一种导频信号传输方法和装置、以及发射端 WO2017067349A1 (zh)

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