WO2017059811A1 - 折叠电动自行车 - Google Patents

折叠电动自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017059811A1
WO2017059811A1 PCT/CN2016/101545 CN2016101545W WO2017059811A1 WO 2017059811 A1 WO2017059811 A1 WO 2017059811A1 CN 2016101545 W CN2016101545 W CN 2016101545W WO 2017059811 A1 WO2017059811 A1 WO 2017059811A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
driven
rod
electric bicycle
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/101545
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘贵文
谢龙飞
薛命标
Original Assignee
福建省新车技科技发展有限公司
刘贵文
谢龙飞
薛命标
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 福建省新车技科技发展有限公司, 刘贵文, 谢龙飞, 薛命标 filed Critical 福建省新车技科技发展有限公司
Publication of WO2017059811A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017059811A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K15/00—Collapsible or foldable cycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
    • B62M9/06—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a folding electric bicycle.
  • the reason why the current folding electric bicycles and electric scooters are heavier is that the wheel speed is low, and the rim and the motor are generally integrated, but the motors of this structure are often heavier than 3 kg. If a light-weight high-speed motor is used, in order to meet the requirements of the electric vehicle driving speed, only the speed of the motor can be reduced by the transmission device, which requires a large transmission ratio. If a conventional chain or belt transmission device is used, the sprocket and the sprocket are bound to be used. The diameter of the pulley is made large, and the volume and weight of the transmission are also increased, and the transmission noise is also large.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a folding electric bicycle, which is more convenient and quicker in the folding process and the unfolding process of the swing head, the body and the pedal, and the volume is greatly reduced after folding, and is convenient to carry.
  • the present invention is achieved by a folding electric bicycle including a frame, a oscillating head, a front wheel, a rear wheel, a pedal, a motor, and a transmission, the oscillating head, the front wheel, the rear wheel, the pedal, the motor, and the transmission They are all located on the frame and are characterized by:
  • the frame includes a steering rod, a vehicle beam and a connecting rod; the upper end of the steering rod is connected to the swing head, and the lower end is connected to the front wheel; the upper end of the vehicle beam can be sleeved up and down on the steering rod, and the lower end is connected to the rear wheel; The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively pivotally connected to the steering rod and the vehicle beam;
  • the oscillating head comprises a body and two symmetrically arranged folding units, and any folding unit comprises a linkage rod, a first wedge block, a second wedge block, a limit pin, a guide rod, a pressure cap and a a pre-tensioning spring;
  • the linkage rod is movably coupled to the seat body;
  • the middle portion of the linkage rod further defines a vertical elongated hole;
  • the second wedge block is rotatably fixed to the linkage rod;
  • the pin is fixed to the outer end of the seat body and located above the second wedge block; one end of the first wedge block is fixedly connected with a handle, and the other end is rotatably coupled to the seat body and located outside the linkage rod, the first wedge block Having an abutting portion; the abutting portion abuts against the second wedge block in a state in which the handle is opened, and the rotation range of the first wedge block is limited by the second wedge block and the limit pin
  • the guide rod is fixed on the seat body and is
  • the motor is a high-speed motor;
  • the transmission device is a wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device, a pressure transmission device or a two-stage transmission device; the motor is connected to the rear wheel through the transmission device;
  • the pedals can be folded over on both sides of the frame.
  • the frame further includes a locking device, the locking device includes a first locking and a second locking buckle that can be butted and locked, and the first locking and the second locking buckle are respectively fixedly connected to the vehicle.
  • the first latch includes a guide fixing block, a latch, a spring and a circlip; the guide fixing block is connected to the vehicle beam and has a receiving groove and a receiving groove The bottom has a through hole; one end of the plug is disposed in the receiving groove and protrudes outside the through hole and is clamped by the circlip, and the other end is exposed outside the receiving groove; the spring is disposed in the receiving groove and pressed Between the latch head and the bottom of the accommodating groove; the second latch includes a hoop and a spring piece connected to each other, the hoop hoop is disposed on the steering rod, the elastic piece faces the vehicle beam, and the elastic piece A buttonhole is provided for inserting the latch head into the lock.
  • the steering rod includes a center rod and a steering sleeve, and the steering sleeve is sleeved up and down on the center rod, and the vehicle beam is connected to the steering sleeve through a hinge.
  • a handle is arranged on the vehicle beam.
  • the second wedge block is rotatably coupled to the linkage rod through a wedge shaft; and the wedge shaft is also movably coupled to the base body; the lower end of the preload spring passes through the a wedge shaft connecting the linkage rod; the first wedge block rotatably connecting the seat body through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is located below the inner side of the limiting pin, and is located at the wedge shaft Above the outside.
  • the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device includes a driving shaft, a driven plate, a pre-tensioning spring, a guiding block and a slider;
  • the driving shaft is driven by a motor, the driven plate is fixed on the rear wheel, and the The driving shaft and the driven plate are in contact with each other;
  • the guiding block is fixed and forms a wedge-shaped guiding groove with the driven plate, the wedge guiding groove has a large end and a small end, and the sliding block is slidably disposed on the wedge guiding
  • the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the slider through a bearing; one end of the pre-tensioning spring is fixedly connected to the slider through a spring bracket, and the other end is pressed against the guiding block to make the pre-tension spring generate Pushing the slider toward the small end of the wedge-shaped guide groove;
  • the thrust causes the slider to generate a multiplying positive pressure on the drive shaft and press the drive shaft against the driven plate to drive the driven disk to rotate by static friction.
  • the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device further includes a timing belt transmission mechanism, and the motor is coupled to the driving shaft through the timing belt transmission mechanism.
  • the pressure transmission device includes a driving shaft, a driven plate, a thrust bearing and a preloading spring; the rear end of the driving shaft is connected to the motor through a one-way bearing, and the front end is reduced to form a first tapered surface;
  • the movable plate is fixed on the rear wheel, and one end surface is a second tapered surface; the inclined directions of the first tapered surface and the second tapered surface are uniform and contacted;
  • the thrust bearing is fixedly connected to the driving shaft and The shaft can be axially moved with the driving shaft;
  • the rear end of the preloading spring is fixed on the frame by a fixed limiting bracket, and the front end abuts against the thrust bearing to generate a thrust for pushing the driving shaft to the driven plate;
  • the first taper faces the second tapered surface to generate a multiplied positive pressure to press the drive shaft against the driven disc to drive the driven disc to rotate by static friction.
  • the other end surface of the driven plate is abutted against a limiting bearing, and the second tapered surface of the limiting bearing plate abuts against the first tapered surface of the driving shaft.
  • first tapered surface and the second tapered surface have the same taper angle.
  • the two-stage transmission device includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a driving gear and a driven gear;
  • the driving pulley is directly driven by a motor, and the driven pulley is connected by a belt;
  • a gear is disposed coaxially with the driven pulley, the driven gear is coaxially fixed with the rear wheel and meshed with the driving gear;
  • the driving gear is a pinion, and the driven pulley is a large gear, a large gear The radius is smaller than the radius of the rear wheel.
  • the radius of the driven pulley is 1 to 3 times the radius of the driving pulley, and the radius of the driven gear is 4 to 10 times the radius of the driving gear.
  • the frame of the invention is composed of a steering rod, a vehicle beam and a connecting rod.
  • the vehicle beam When the vehicle beam is lifted, the vehicle beam can bring the rear wheel to the steering rod, and the connecting rod gradually rises to the steering rod and the vehicle beam.
  • the steering rod, the vehicle beam and the connecting rod form a flat-shaped structure, and the folding process and the unfolding process are convenient and quick, and the folding body can not only shorten the body, but also does not become thick and convenient to carry;
  • the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device and the pressure transmission device of the invention adopt the static friction transmission between the driving shaft and the driven plate, instead of the traditional chain or belt transmission, the transmission ratio can be made higher under the same external dimensions. Moreover, the static friction between the steel shaft and the steel plate between the driving shaft and the driven plate can greatly reduce the noise of the transmission and improve the service life.
  • the transmission method can reduce the volume and weight of the driving motor and the transmission device, so that the total weight of the two is not To 1KG, and the cost of the motor can also be reduced from 400 yuan to 50 yuan.
  • the two-stage transmission device of the invention adopts the secondary transmission of the pulley and the gear, and the transmission ratio can be made relatively high under the same external dimensions, and the radius of the large gear is smaller than the radius of the driving wheel, so that the size becomes smaller and can be achieved. Higher processing accuracy not only reduces weight, but also reduces transmission noise and improves service life.
  • the transmission method can reduce the volume and weight of the drive motor and transmission, so that the total weight of the two is less than 1KG, and the motor The cost can also be reduced from 400 yuan to 50 yuan.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing the unfolded state of a folding electric bicycle according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1a is a front view showing the unfolded state of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1b is a top plan view showing the unfolded state of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view showing the folded state of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2a is a rear perspective view showing the folded state of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention.
  • 2b is a top plan view showing the folded state of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a locking device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional structural view of the latching device of the present invention in a tripped state and taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional structural view of the latching device of the present invention in a tripped state and taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional structural view of the locking device of the present invention in a locked state and taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional structural view of the locking device of the present invention in a locked state and taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view showing the swinging state of the swing head of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4a is a structural schematic view showing the folded state of the swing head of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4b is a structural schematic view showing a state of the swinging process of the swing head of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the external structure of the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5a is a structural schematic view showing the state of use of the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5b is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Figure 5a taken along line B-B.
  • Fig. 5c is a structural schematic view of a guide block and a slider in the wedge self-locking transmission device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5d is a schematic view showing the principle of the wedge self-locking transmission device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the external structure of the pressure transmission device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6a is a schematic view of the principle of the pressure transmission device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the front structure of the two-stage transmission of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7a is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 6.
  • Figure 7b is a side view showing the structure of the two-stage transmission of the present invention.
  • the folding electric bicycle of the present invention comprises a frame 1, a oscillating head 2, a front wheel 3, a rear wheel 4, a pedal 5, a motor 6, and a transmission; the oscillating head 2, the front wheel 3.
  • the rear wheel 4, the pedal 5, the motor 6, and the transmission are all disposed on the frame 1.
  • the pedals 5 are foldably connected to both sides of the frame 1.
  • the frame 1 includes a steering rod 11, a vehicle beam 12, a connecting rod 13 and a locking device 14; the upper end of the steering rod 13 is connected to the swing head 2, and the lower end is connected to the front wheel 3; The upper end of the vehicle beam 12 is sleeved on the steering rod 11 and the lower end is connected to the rear wheel 4.
  • the two ends of the connecting rod 13 are respectively pivotally connected to the steering rod 11 and the vehicle beam 12.
  • the steering rod 11 includes a center rod 111 and a steering sleeve 112.
  • the steering sleeve 112 is sleeved up and down on the center rod 111.
  • the vehicle beam 12 is connected to the steering sleeve through a hinge 122.
  • the tube 112, and the beam 12 is also rotatable up and down about the hinge member 122, such that the center rod 111 can be freely rotated within the steering sleeve 112 without affecting the vehicle beam 12, while the vehicle beam 12 is again centered by the steering sleeve 112.
  • the rod 111 moves up and down and leans against the steering rod 11.
  • the two ends of the connecting rod 13 are respectively pivotally connected to the steering sleeve 112 and the vehicle beam 12.
  • the locking device 14 includes a first latch 14A and a second latch 14B that can be mated, and the first latch 14A and the second latch 14B are respectively fixedly connected to the vehicle.
  • the first locking buckle 14A includes a guiding fixing block 141, a latch 142, a spring 143 and a circlip spring 144; the guiding fixing block 141 is connected to the vehicle beam 12 and has a The bottom of the receiving groove 145 has a through hole 146.
  • One end of the latching pin 142 is disposed in the receiving groove 145 and protrudes out of the through hole 146 and is locked by the circlip. The other end of the head 1422 is exposed.
  • the spring 143 is disposed in the accommodating groove 145 and is pressed between the pin head 1422 and the bottom of the accommodating groove 145;
  • the second latch 14B includes a hoop 147 and a spring piece connected thereto.
  • the hoop 147 is hooped on the steering rod 11, the elastic piece 148 faces the beam 12, and the elastic piece 148 is provided with a buttonhole 1482 for the plug head 1422 to be inserted into the lock.
  • the upper end of the beam 2 can be moved up and down relative to the steering rod 1.
  • the beam 12 When the beam 12 is lifted, when the first buckle 14A is pushed toward the second buckle 14B and is connected, a certain impact force is generated to make the head of the bolt 412
  • the portion 4122 is moved toward the circlip direction against the elastic force of the spring 413.
  • the head 4122 is just inserted into the grommets 4222 by the elastic force of the spring 143, so that the two portions When the head beam 4 and the head 4122 of the latch 412 are pressed against the buckle, the head 4122 of the latch 412 is disengaged from the buttonhole 4222 on the elastic piece 422 by the force of the spring force.
  • the entire body can be opened.
  • a handle 121 may be disposed on the beam 12. When the handle 121 of the beam 12 is lifted, the upper end of the beam 12 moves along the steering rod 11 toward the swing head 2.
  • the locking device 4 can be released by simply pressing the beam 12 and the head 4122 of the bolt, and the upper end of the beam 12 slides down along the steering rod 11 while the connecting rod 13 is also opened.
  • the steering rod 11, the beam 12 and the connecting rod 13 form a stable triangular structure, and the oscillating head 2, the pedal 5, and the like are unfolded, and can be used.
  • the oscillating head 2 includes a body 21 and two symmetrically disposed folding units, and any folding unit includes a linkage rod 22, a first wedge block 23, and a second wedge block 24. a limiting pin 25, a guiding rod 26, a pressing cap 27 and a pre-tensioning spring 28; the linkage rod 22 is connected to the seat body 21 so as to be movable up and down.
  • the middle portion of the linkage rod 22 is further provided with a vertical elongated shape.
  • the second wedge block 24 is rotatably fixed to the linkage rod 22;
  • the limit pin 25 is fixed to the outer end of the seat body 21 and above the second wedge block 24;
  • One end of the block 23 is fixedly connected with a handle 29, and the other end is rotatably connected to the seat body 21 and located outside the linkage rod 22.
  • the first wedge block 23 has an abutting portion 234.
  • the guide portion 232 is fixed to the second wedge block 24, and the rotation range of the first wedge block 23 is limited by the second wedge block 24 and the limit pin 25; the guide rod 26 is fixed to the base 21
  • the upper limit is located in the vertical elongated hole 222;
  • the pressing cap 27 is disposed at the top of the linkage rod 22;
  • the pretension spring 28 The end is connected to the guide rod 26, and the lower end is connected to the linkage rod 22;
  • the second wedge block 24 is rotatably coupled to the linkage rod 22 via a wedge shaft 242; and the wedge shaft 242 is also movably coupled to the seat.
  • an elongated hole 212 may be defined in the seat body to limit the wedge shaft 242 therein; the lower end of the pretension spring 28 is connected to the linkage rod 22 through the wedge shaft 242;
  • the first wedge block 23 is rotatably coupled to the seat body 21 via a rotating shaft 232 located below the inner side of the limit pin 25 and above the outer side of the wedge shaft 242.
  • the folding and unfolding process of the oscillating head 2 is as follows:
  • the pressing cap 27 When the folding is required, the pressing cap 27 is pressed, and the linkage rod 22 drives the second wedge block 24 to move downward, so that the abutting portion 234 of the first wedge block 23 loses the support of the second wedge block 24, and the corresponding handle is The self-weight generates a torque and rotates around the rotating shaft 232 to form a folded state as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the two pressure caps 27 are arranged adjacent to each other, which can be conveniently pressed at the same time, so that the two handles 29 can be accommodated at the same time, and the time is not more than 1 second, which is convenient and quick.
  • the two handles 29 can be restored by opening 90 degrees outward.
  • the two handles 29 are opened.
  • the edge of the largest radius of the abutting portion 234 of the first wedge block 23 will press the second wedge block 24 downward, causing the second wedge block 24 to move down slightly until the angle of opening of the two handles reaches
  • the edge of the large radius is turned below the second wedge block 24 to release a small space and lose the compression of the second wedge block 24, at this time, under the action of the preload spring 25, the second wedge block 24 together with the linkage rod 22 quickly rebounds and jams the abutting portion 234 of the first wedge block 23, so that the handle 29 can not be rotated to form a stable open state, and the whole process can be operated with one hand, which is convenient and quick.
  • the motor 6 is a high speed motor; the transmission is a wedge-shaped self-locking transmission 7, a pressure transmission 8 or a two-stage transmission 9; the motor 6 is connected to the rear wheel 4 via the transmission.
  • the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission 7 includes a drive shaft 71, a driven plate 72, a pretension spring 73, a guide block 74, and a slider 75; the drive shaft 71 is driven by a motor 6.
  • the driven plate 72 is fixed on the rear wheel 4, and the driving shaft 71 and the driven plate 72 are in contact with each other; the guiding block 74 is fixed and forms a wedge-shaped guiding groove 76 with the driven plate 72,
  • the wedge-shaped guide groove 76 has a large end 761 and a small end 762.
  • the slider 75 is slidably disposed in the wedge-shaped guide groove 76.
  • the drive shaft 71 is rotatably coupled to the slider 75 via a bearing 711;
  • One end of the tension spring 73 is fixedly coupled to the slider 75 via a spring bracket 732, and the other end is pressed against the guide block 74, so that the pretension spring 73 generates a thrust F1 for pushing the slider 75 toward the small end 762 of the wedge-shaped guide groove 76.
  • the thrust F1 causes the slider 75 to generate a doubled positive pressure F2 to the drive shaft 71, and presses the drive shaft 71 against the driven plate 72 to drive the driven plate 72 to rotate by static friction, thereby realizing a transmission of 4-20. ratio.
  • the wedge-shaped self-locking transmission further includes a timing belt drive mechanism 77 through which the motor shaft 6 is coupled to the drive shaft 71.
  • the principle of the wedge self-locking transmission 7 is:
  • the pretension spring 73 has a thrust F1 for pushing the slider 75 toward the small end 762 of the wedge-shaped guide groove 76
  • the thrust F1 causes the slider 75 to generate a doubled positive pressure F2 to the drive shaft 71 and press the drive shaft against the slave shaft.
  • the rear wheel 4 is gently pushed, and an initial starting friction force is generated between the driving shaft 71 and the driven plate 72.
  • the initial starting friction force pushes the driving shaft 71 with the slider to the wedge guiding.
  • the small end 762 of the slot 76 moves toward the small end 762, the smaller the space in which the drive shaft 71 is coupled with the slider, the larger the positive pressure F2, and the greater the static friction between the drive shaft 71 and the driven disc 72.
  • the pressure transmission device 8 includes a drive shaft 81, a driven plate 82, a thrust bearing 83, and a pretension spring 84.
  • the rear end of the driving shaft 81 is connected to the motor 6 through a one-way bearing 85, and the front end is reduced to form a first tapered surface 811; the driven disc 82 is fixed on the rear wheel 4, and one end surface is a second tapered surface.
  • the first tapered surface 811 and the second tapered surface 821 have the same oblique direction and are in contact with each other; the other end surface of the driven disk 82 is opposite to a limiting bearing 86, and the limiting bearing 86 is a driven plate.
  • the second tapered surface 821 of the 82 is abutted against the first tapered surface 811 of the drive shaft 81; the limit bearing 86 is fixed by a fixing frame 862.
  • the thrust bearing 83 is fixedly coupled to the drive shaft 81 and can move axially with the drive shaft 81; the rear end of the pretension spring 84 is fixed by a fixed limit bracket 87, and the fixed limit bracket 87 can be combined with the pre-preparation
  • the tension spring 84 is sleeved on the driving shaft 81, but the fixed limiting frame 87 does not move axially with the driving shaft 81, and the front end abuts against the thrust bearing 83 to generate the thrust F4 for pushing the driving shaft 81 toward the driven plate 82;
  • the thrust F4 causes the first tapered surface 811 to generate a multiplied positive pressure F5 against the second tapered surface 821 to press the drive shaft 81 against the driven disc 82 to drive the driven disc 82 to rotate by static friction.
  • the taper angle ⁇ of the first tapered surface 811 and the second tapered surface 821 are equal, and the magnitude of the taper angle ⁇ determines a multiple of the positive pressure F5 multiplied by the thrust F4.
  • the larger the multiple of F4 the greater the static friction between the drive shaft 81 and the driven disc 82, and the more reliable the transmission.
  • the transmission ratio of the driving shaft and the driven disc is related to the radius of the driving shaft 81 and the driven disc 82.
  • the radius of the shaft 81 is set to be much smaller than the radius of the driven disk 82 to meet the deceleration requirements of the high speed motor.
  • the principle of the pressure transmission device 8 is that the pretensioning spring 83 has a thrust F4 that urges the drive shaft 81 toward the driven plate 82; the thrust F4 causes the first tapered surface 811 to multiply the second tapered surface 821 The positive pressure F5 presses the drive shaft 81 against the driven disk 82 to drive the driven disk 82 to rotate by static friction.
  • the two-stage transmission 9 includes a driving pulley 91, a driven pulley 92, a driving gear 93, and a driven gear 94;
  • the driving pulley 91 is directly driven by the motor 6, such as It can be mounted on the motor shaft 61 and connected to the driven pulley 92 via a belt 912;
  • the driving gear 93 is disposed coaxially with the driven pulley 92, that is, it is sleeved on the driven shaft 923 through a bearing.
  • the driven gear 94 is coaxially fixed with the rear wheel 4, that is, both of the bearings are mounted on the rear wheel axle 41 and meshed with the driving gear 93; the driving gear 93 is a pinion, and the driven belt
  • the wheel 94 is a large gear, and the radius of the large gear is smaller than the radius of the rear wheel 4.
  • the radius of the driven pulley 92 is twice the radius of the driving pulley 91, and the radius of the driven gear 94 is 10 times the radius of the driving gear 93, so that the transmission ratio of the two-stage transmission 9 reaches about 20, To achieve a higher gear ratio.
  • the folding and unfolding operation process of the folding electric bicycle of the present invention is as follows:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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Abstract

一种折叠电动自行车，包括车架（1）、摆头（2）、前车轮（3）、后车轮（4）、踏板（5）、电机（6）以及传动装置；摆头（2）、前车轮（3）、后车轮（4）、踏板（5）、电机（6）以及传动装置均设在车架（1）上；车架（1）包括转向杆（11）、车梁（12）、连接杆（13）；当提起车梁（12）时，使转向杆（11）、车梁（12）以及连接杆（13）三者形成一字形结构；摆头（2）折叠时只需按压一下压帽（27），两把手（29）随即至折叠状态；传动装置采用楔形自锁传动装置（7）或压力传动装置（9）通过主动轴与从动盘之间的静摩擦力传动，代替传统的链条或皮带传动，配合高速电机可以最大限度的降低传动结构体积和重量。

Description

折叠电动自行车 技术领域
本发明涉及一种折叠电动自行车。
背景技术
可折叠电动自行车，虽然是可折叠的，但总体车重在20公斤以上，提着感觉很重携带不方便，有的虽然采用了铝合金材料以及车架的简化折叠设计，但普遍重量一般都在15公斤以上，光电机就在4公斤以上，携带起来感觉还是很沉重。
目前的可折叠电动自行车和电动滑板车之所以重量较重有一个重要原因是车轮转速低，一般采用轮辋和电机一体式，但是这种结构的电机往往都比较重在3公斤以上。如果采用重量较轻的高速电机，为了满足电动车行车速度的要求只有通过传动装置将电机转速降下来，这样需很大的传动比，若采用传统的链条或皮带传动装置，势必把链轮和皮带轮直径做得很大，那么传动装置的体积和重量也增加了，传动噪音也很大。即使采用二级传动体积和重量也是同样的情况，因此只能采用沉重的普通电机作为驱动；但仅管如此，这种普通电机和传统的链条或皮带传动装置仍然存在体积大，重量重的问题，导致车体整体外形尺寸较大，不利于折叠操作及收纳。因此若能对传动装置作合理改造，并结合高速电机就可能大大降低车体的重量及外形尺寸。
另外，较多折叠电动自行车通常车身较高较长，占用较大的空间，因此在折叠收纳时，必须将车身进行折叠以节约空间。目前市面上这种车身折叠方式已有多种，比较常见的一种是将车身对折，这种对折方式虽然能使车身变短，但同时也变厚，不利于携带，并且折叠的过程耗时和费力。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题，在于提供一种折叠电动自行车，摆头、车身以及踏板的折叠过程和展开过程更方便快捷，折叠后体积大大缩小，方便携带。
本发明是这样实现的：一种折叠电动自行车，包括车架、摆头、前车轮、后车轮、踏板、电机以及传动装置，所述摆头、前车轮、后车轮、踏板、电机以及传动装置均设在车架上，其特征在于：
所述车架包括转向杆、车梁以及连接杆；所述转向杆上端连接摆头，下端连接前车轮；所述车梁上端能上下移动地套设在转向杆上，下端连接后车轮；所述连接杆的两端分别枢接在转向杆和车梁上；
所述摆头包括一座体和两对称设置的折叠单元，任一折叠单元包括一联动杆、一第一楔形块、一第二楔形块、一限位销、一导向杆、一压帽以及一预紧弹簧；所述联动杆可上下移动地连接在座体上所述联动杆的中段还开设有一竖向长形孔；所述第二楔形块可转动地固定在联动杆上；所述限位销固定在座体的外端并位于所述第二楔形块的上方；所述第一楔形块的一端固定连接一把手，另一端可转动地连接座体并位于联动杆的外侧，该第一楔形块具有一抵靠部；在把手张开状态下，所述抵靠部抵设于所述第二楔形块，所述第一楔形块的转动范围通过所述第二楔形块与限位销来限位；所述导向杆固定在座体上并限位于所述竖向长形孔内；所述压帽设在联动杆的顶部；所述预紧弹簧上端连接导向杆，下端连接联动杆，这样联动杆始终有向上的拉力；
所述电机为高速电机；所述传动装置为楔形自锁传动装置、压力传动装置或双级传动装置；所述电机通过该传动装置连接后车轮；
所述踏板能翻折的连接在车架的两侧。
进一步的，所述车架还包括一锁扣装置，所述锁扣装置包括能对接锁合的第一锁扣和第二锁扣，该第一锁扣和第二锁扣分别固定连接在车梁和转向杆上；所述第一锁扣包括一导向固定块、一插销、一弹簧以及一卡簧；所述导向固定块连接在车梁上并具有一容置槽，且容置槽的底部具有一通孔；所述插销的一端设在容置槽内并伸出通孔外并被卡簧卡制，另一端头部露出容置槽外；所述弹簧设在容置槽内并压制于插销头部与容置槽底部之间；所述第二锁扣包括相连接的一抱箍和一弹片，所述抱箍箍设在转向杆上，所述弹片朝向车梁，且弹片上设有一扣眼供所述插销头部插设锁合。
进一步的，所述转向杆包括中心杆和转向套管，所述转向套管可上下移动地套设在中心杆上，所述车梁通过一铰接件连接所述转向套管。
进一步的，所述车梁上设有一提手。
进一步的，所述第二楔形块是通过一楔块轴可转动地连接在联动杆上；且所述楔块轴还可上下移动地连接在座体上；所述预紧弹簧的下端是通过该楔块轴连接所述联动杆；所述第一楔形块是通过一旋转轴可转动地连接所述座体，该旋转轴位于所述限位销的内侧下方，并位于所述楔块轴的外侧上方。
进一步的，所述楔形自锁传动装置包括主动轴、从动盘、预紧弹簧、导向块以及滑块；所述主动轴由电机驱动，所述从动盘固定在后车轮上，且所述主动轴和从动盘接触设置；所述导向块固定不动并与从动盘之间形成一楔形导向槽，楔形导向槽具有一大端和一小端，所述滑块滑设于楔形导向槽内，所述主动轴通过轴承可转动地连接在滑块上；所述预紧弹簧的一端通过弹簧支架与所述滑块固定连接，另一端压紧于导向块上，使预紧弹簧产生将滑块推向楔形导向槽小端的推力；所述推力使滑块对主动轴产生倍增的正压力而将主动轴压紧于从动盘上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘旋转。
进一步的，楔形自锁传动装置还包括同步带传动机构，所述电机通过该同步带传动机构连接所述主动轴。
进一步的，所述压力传动装置包括主动轴、从动盘、推力轴承以及预紧弹簧；所述主动轴的后端通过一单向轴承连接电机，前端缩小形成第一锥形面；所述从动盘固定在后车轮上，且一端面为第二锥形面；所述第一锥形面和第二锥形面的倾斜方向一致并接触设置；所述推力轴承固定连接在主动轴上并能随主动轴作轴向运动；所述预紧弹簧后端通过一固定限位架固定在车架上，前端抵设于推力轴承以产生将主动轴推向从动盘的推力；所述推力使第一锥形面对第二锥形面产生倍增的正压力而将主动轴压紧于从动盘上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘旋转。
进一步的，所述从动盘的另一端面抵设有一限位轴承，该限位轴承将从动盘的第二锥形面抵紧于所述主动轴的第一锥形面。
进一步的，所述第一锥形面与第二锥形面的锥角相等。
进一步的，所述双级传动装置包括主动带轮、从动带轮、主动齿轮和从动齿轮；所述主动带轮由电机直接驱动，并通过皮带连接所述从动带轮；所述主动齿轮与所述从动带轮同轴设置，所述从动齿轮与后车轮同轴固定并与主动齿轮啮合；所述主动齿轮为小齿轮，所述从动带轮为大齿轮，大齿轮的半径小于后车轮的半径。
进一步的，所述从动带轮的半径是主动带轮半径的1~3倍，所述从动齿轮的半径是主动齿轮半径的4~10倍。
本发明具有如下优点：
1、本发明车架由转向杆、车梁以及连接杆构成，当提起车梁时，车梁即可带着后车轮靠向转向杆，同时连接杆也逐渐立起靠向转向杆与车梁，使转向杆、车梁以及连接杆三者形成一字形结构，折叠过程和展开过程方便快捷，折叠后不仅能使车身变短，且不会变厚，方便携带；
2、本发明摆头折叠时只需按压一下压帽，两把手随即掉下至折叠状态，用时不超过1秒，反之，要张开使用时，只需将把手张开90度即可复原，单手即可操作，方便快捷；
3、本发明的楔形自锁传动装置和压力传动装置采用主动轴与从动盘之间的静摩擦力传动，代替传统的链条或皮带传动，在同样的外形尺寸下传动比可以做得比较高，而且这种主动轴与从动盘之间的钢材与钢材的静摩擦可以大大降低传动的噪音，提高使用寿命，该传动方式能降低驱动电机和传动装置的体积和重量，使二者的总重不到1KG，而且电机的成本也可从400多元下降至50元左右。
4、本发明的双级传动装置采用带轮和齿轮二级传动，在同样的外形尺寸下传动比可以做得比较高，而且大齿轮的半径小于驱动车轮的半径，使尺寸变小，可以达到较高的加工精度，不仅可减轻重量，还可以降低传动的噪音，提高使用寿命，且该传动方式能降低驱动电机和传动装置的体积和重量，使二者的总重不到1KG，而且电机的成本也可从400多元下降至50元左右。
附图说明
下面参照附图结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明折叠电动自行车的展开状态的侧视结构示意图。
图1a为本发明折叠电动自行车的展开状态的前视结构示意图。
图1b为本发明折叠电动自行车的展开状态的俯视结构示意图。
图2为本发明折叠电动自行车的折叠状态的侧视结构示意图。
图2a为本发明折叠电动自行车的折叠状态的后视结构示意图。
图2b为本发明折叠电动自行车的折叠状态的俯视结构示意图。
图3为本发明锁扣装置的结构示意图。
图3a为本发明锁扣装置脱扣状态且沿图3的A-A线的剖视结构示意图。
图3b为本发明锁扣装置锁合状态且沿图3的A-A线的剖视结构示意图。
图4为本发明摆头打开状态的结构示意图。
图4a为本发明摆头折叠状态的结构示意图。
图4b为本发明摆头折叠过程一状态的结构示意图。
图5为本发明的楔形自锁传动装置的外部结构示意图。
图5a为本发明的楔形自锁传动装置的使用状态的结构示意图。
图5b为图5a沿B-B线的剖视结构示意图。
图5c为本发明的楔形自锁传动装置中的导向块以及滑块的结构示意图。
图5d为本发明的楔形自锁传动装置的原理示意图。
图6为本发明的压力传动装置的外部结构示意图。
图6a为本发明的压力传动装置的原理示意图。
图7为本发明的双级传动装置的正面结构示意图。
图7a为图6的C-C剖视结构示意图。
图7b为本发明的双级传动装置的侧面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图7b所示，本发明的折叠电动自行车，包括车架1、摆头2、前车轮3、后车轮4、踏板5、电机6以及传动装置；所述摆头2、前车轮3、后车轮4、踏板5、电机6以及传动装置均设在车架1上。其中所述踏板5能翻折的连接在车架1的两侧。
如图1至图2b所示，所述车架1包括转向杆11、车梁12、连接杆13以及锁扣装置14；所述转向杆13上端连接摆头2，下端连接前车轮3；所述车梁12上端能上下移动地套设在转向杆11上，下端连接后车轮4；所述连接杆13的两端分别枢接在转向杆11和车梁12上。其中，所述转向杆11包括中心杆111和转向套管112，所述转向套管112可上下移动地套设在中心杆111上，所述车梁12通过一铰接件122连接所述转向套管112，且车梁12还可绕铰接件122上下转动，如此中心杆111可在转向套管112内随意转动而不影响车梁12，同时车梁12通过转向套管112又可实现在中心杆111上下移动并靠向转向杆11。另外，在有设转向套管112的前提下，所述连接杆13的两端分别枢接在转向套管112和车梁12上。
如图3至图3b所示，所述锁扣装置14包括能对接锁合的第一锁扣14A和第二锁扣14B，该第一锁扣14A和第二锁扣14B分别固定连接在车梁12和转向杆11上；所述第一锁扣14A包括一导向固定块141、一插销142、一弹簧143以及一卡簧144；所述导向固定块141连接在车梁12上并具有一容置槽145，且容置槽145的底部具有一通孔146；所述插销的142一端设在容置槽145内并伸出通孔146外并被卡簧卡制，另一端头部1422露出容置槽外；所述弹簧143设在容置槽145内并压制于插销头部1422与容置槽145底部之间；所述第二锁扣14B包括相连接的一抱箍147和一弹片148，所述抱箍147箍设在转向杆11上，所述弹片148朝向车梁12，且弹片148上设有一扣眼1482供所述插销头部1422插设锁合。
所述车梁2上端能相对转向杆1上下移动及转动，当车梁12被提起时，第一锁扣14A被推向第二锁扣14B并对接时，产生一定冲击力使插销412的头部4122克服弹簧413的弹力向卡簧方向移动，当插入弹片422上的扣眼4222与插销412的头部4122重合时，在弹簧143弹力的作用下上移头部4122刚好插入扣眼4222，使两者抵紧不脱扣而实现锁合,当下压车梁2和插销412的头部4122时，人力克服弹簧弹力的作用使插销412的头部4122从弹片422上的扣眼4222中脱开，即可打开整个车身。另外，为方便提起车梁12，可在所述车梁12上设一提手121，当提起车梁12的提手121时，车梁12的上端沿着转向杆11向摆头2方向移动，直到预定的位置，下端则带着后车轮4靠向转向杆11，同时连接杆13也逐渐立起靠向转向杆11与车梁12，最终使转向杆11、车梁12以及连接杆13三者形成一字形结构，此时，锁扣装置14的第一锁扣14A和第二锁扣14B对接锁合，形成稳固的折叠结构，折叠过程方便快捷，不仅能使车身变短，且不会变厚，方便携带。当要展开时，只需将车梁12以及插销的头部4122下压即可使锁扣装置4脱扣，车梁12的上端沿着转向杆11向下滑动，同时连接杆13也张开，直达预定位置，此时转向杆11、车梁12以及连接杆13形成稳定的三角形结构，再展开摆头2、踏板5等，即可使用。
如图4至图4b所示，所述摆头2包括一座体21和两对称设置的折叠单元，任一折叠单元包括一联动杆22、一第一楔形块23、一第二楔形块24、一限位销25、一导向杆26、一压帽27以及一预紧弹簧28；所述联动杆22可上下移动地连接在座体21上所述联动杆22的中段还开设有一竖向长形孔222；所述第二楔形块24可转动地固定在联动杆22上；所述限位销25固定在座体21的外端并位于所述第二楔形块24的上方；所述第一楔形块23的一端固定连接一把手29，另一端可转动地连接座体21并位于联动杆22的外侧，该第一楔形块23具有一抵靠部234；在把手29张开状态下，所述抵靠部232抵设于所述第二楔形块24，所述第一楔形块23的转动范围通过所述第二楔形块24与限位销25来限位；所述导向杆26固定在座体21上并限位于所述竖向长形孔222内；所述压帽27设在联动杆22的顶部；所述预紧弹簧28上端连接导向杆26，下端连接联动杆22；所述第二楔形块24是通过一楔块轴242可转动地连接在联动杆22上；且所述楔块轴242还可上下移动地连接在座体21上，具体可在座体上开设长形孔212，使所述楔块轴242限位其中；所述预紧弹簧28的下端是通过该楔块轴242连接所述联动杆22；所述第一楔形块23是通过一旋转轴232可转动地连接所述座体21，该旋转轴232位于所述限位销25的内侧下方，并位于所述楔块轴242的外侧上方。
所述摆头2的折叠展开过程如下：
1、需要折叠时，将压帽27按下，联动杆22带动第二楔形块24向下移动，使第一楔形块23的抵靠部234失去第二楔形块24的支撑，相应的把手由于自重产生力矩而绕着旋转轴232旋转掉下，即可形成如图2所示的折叠状态。其中，两压帽27相邻设置，可方便同时按下，如此可同时收纳两个把手29，用时不超过1秒，方便快捷。
2、需要打开时，分别将两把手29向外张开90度即可复原，在张开的过程中，如图4所示（为表达方便，已去掉弹簧），在两把手29张开的角度接近90度时，第一楔形块23的抵靠部234的最大半径的边缘会向下挤压第二楔形块24，使第二楔形块24微微下移，直到两把手张开的角度到达90度时，大半径的边缘转到第二楔形块24的下方，以释放一微小的空间而失去对第二楔形块24挤压，此时在预紧弹簧25的作用下，第二楔形块24连同联动杆22迅速回升并卡死第一楔形块23的抵靠部234，使把手29不能旋转而形成稳定的张开状态，整个过程单手即可操作，方便快捷。
所述电机6为高速电机；所述传动装置为楔形自锁传动装置7、压力传动装置8或双级传动装置9；所述电机6通过该传动装置连接后车轮4。
如图5到图5d所示，所述楔形自锁传动装置7包括主动轴71、从动盘72、预紧弹簧73、导向块74以及滑块75；所述主动轴71由电机6驱动，所述从动盘72固定在后车轮4上，且所述主动轴71和从动盘72接触设置；所述导向块74固定不动并与从动盘72之间形成一楔形导向槽76，楔形导向槽76具有一大端761和一小端762，所述滑块75滑设于楔形导向槽76内，所述主动轴71通过轴承711可转动地连接在滑块75上；所述预紧弹簧73的一端通过弹簧支架732与所述滑块75固定连接，另一端压紧于导向块74上，使预紧弹簧73产生将滑块75推向楔形导向槽76小端762的推力F1；所述推力F1使滑块75对主动轴71产生倍增的正压力F2而将主动轴71压紧于从动盘72上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘72旋转，可实现4~20的传动比。楔形自锁传动装置还包括同步带传动机构77，所述电机6通过该同步带传动机构77连接所述主动轴71。
所述楔形自锁传动装置7的原理是：
由于预紧弹簧73具有将滑块75推向楔形导向槽76小端762的推力F1；所述推力F1又使滑块75对主动轴71产生倍增的正压力F2而将主动轴压紧于从动盘72上，此时轻轻推动后车轮4，就能使主动轴71和从动盘72之间产生一个初始启动摩擦力，初始启动摩擦力会将主动轴71连带滑块推向楔形导向槽76小端762，越往小端762移动，主动轴71连带滑块所处在的空间越小，正压力F2就越大，主动轴71和从动盘72之间的静摩擦力也越大，越大的静摩擦力又反过来会将主动轴71连带滑块推向楔形导向槽76小端762，而越往小端762移动，正压力F2又越大，又增大了静摩擦力，如此循环，当静摩擦力足够大时，旋转的主动轴71即可带动从动盘72旋转，静摩擦力即为后车轮4的驱动力，从而驱动后车轮4，实现自锁倍增驱动。其中F1'是弹簧预紧力（即推力F1）和驱动力（即主动轴71和从动盘72之间的摩擦力）的合力，该合力为主动轴71或滑块75的推动力。
如图6到图6a所示，所述压力传动装置8包括主动轴81、从动盘82、推力轴承83以及预紧弹簧84。所述主动轴81的后端通过一单向轴承85连接电机6，前端缩小形成第一锥形面811；所述从动盘82固定在后车轮4上，且一端面为第二锥形面821；所述第一锥形面811和第二锥形面821的倾斜方向一致并接触设置；从动盘82的另一端面抵设有一限位轴承86，该限位轴承86将从动盘82的第二锥形面821抵紧于所述主动轴81的第一锥形面811；该限位轴承86通过一固定架862固定。所述推力轴承83固定连接在主动轴81上并能随主动轴81作轴向运动；所述预紧弹簧84后端通过一固定限位架87固定，固定限位架87可以连同所述预紧弹簧84套设在主动轴81上，但固定限位架87不随主动轴81作轴向运动，前端抵设于推力轴承83以产生将主动轴81推向从动盘82的推力F4；所述推力F4使第一锥形面811对第二锥形面821产生倍增的正压力F5而将主动轴81压紧于从动盘82上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘82旋转。所述第一锥形面811与第二锥形面821的锥角θ相等，锥角θ的大小，决定了正压力F5相对推力F4倍增的倍数，锥角θ越小，正压力F5相对推力F4的倍数就越大，如此，主动轴81与从动盘82之间的静摩擦力就更大，传动就更可靠。所述主动轴和从动盘的传动比由主动轴81与从动盘82的半径有关，二者半径相差越大，传动比就越大，而本发明这种结构压力传动装置8可以将主动轴81半径设置成远小于从动盘82的半径，以满足高速电机的减速需求。
所述压力传动装置8的原理是：由于预紧弹簧83具有将主动轴81推向从动盘82的推力F4；所述推力F4使第一锥形面811对第二锥形面821产生倍增的正压力F5而将主动轴81压紧于从动盘82上，以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘82旋转。
如图7到图7b所示，所述双级传动装置9包括主动带轮91、从动带轮92、主动齿轮93和从动齿轮94；所述主动带轮91由电机6直接驱动，如可以安装在电机轴61上，并通过皮带912连接所述从动带轮92；所述主动齿轮93与所述从动带轮92同轴设置，即均通过轴承套设在从动轴923上，所述从动齿轮94与后车轮4同轴固定，即均通过轴承套设在驱动后车轮轴41上，并与主动齿轮93啮合；所述主动齿轮93为小齿轮，所述从动带轮94为大齿轮，大齿轮的半径小于后车轮4的半径。
所述从动带轮92的半径是主动带轮91半径的两倍，所述从动齿轮94的半径是主动齿轮93半径的10倍，使该双级传动装置9的传动比达到20左右，以达到较高的传动比。
本发明折叠电动自行车的折叠和展开操作过程如下：
1、折叠时，分别对摆头、车架、踏板进行折叠，折叠状态如图2至图2b所示。
2、展开时，分别对摆头、车架、踏板进行展开，展开状态如图1至图1b所示时即可使用。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是熟悉本技术领域的技术人员应当理解，我们所描述的具体的实施例只是说明性的，而不是用于对本发明的范围的限定，熟悉本领域的技术人员在依照本发明的精神所作的等效的修饰以及变化，都应当涵盖在本发明的权利要求所保护的范围内。

Claims (12)

1、一种折叠电动自行车，包括车架、摆头、前车轮、后车轮、踏板、电机以及传动装置，所述摆头、前车轮、后车轮、踏板、电机以及传动装置均设在车架上，其特征在于：
所述车架包括转向杆、车梁以及连接杆；所述转向杆上端连接摆头，下端连接前车轮；所述车梁上端能上下移动地套设在转向杆上，下端连接后车轮；所述连接杆的两端分别枢接在转向杆和车梁上；
所述摆头包括一座体和两对称设置的折叠单元，任一折叠单元包括一联动杆、一第一楔形块、一第二楔形块、一限位销、一导向杆、一压帽以及一预紧弹簧；所述联动杆可上下移动地连接在座体上所述联动杆的中段还开设有一竖向长形孔；所述第二楔形块可转动地固定在联动杆上；所述限位销固定在座体的外端并位于所述第二楔形块的上方；所述第一楔形块的一端固定连接一把手，另一端可转动地连接座体并位于联动杆的外侧，该第一楔形块具有一抵靠部；在把手张开状态下，所述抵靠部抵设于所述第二楔形块，所述第一楔形块的转动范围通过所述第二楔形块与限位销来限位；所述导向杆固定在座体上并限位于所述竖向长形孔内；所述压帽设在联动杆的顶部；所述预紧弹簧上端连接导向杆，下端连接联动杆；
所述电机为高速电机；所述传动装置为楔形自锁传动装置、压力传动装置或双级传动装置；所述电机通过该传动装置连接后车轮；
所述踏板能翻折的连接在车架的两侧。
2、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：所述车架还包括一锁扣装置，所述锁扣装置包括能对接锁合的第一锁扣和第二锁扣，该第一锁扣和第二锁扣分别固定连接在车梁和转向杆上；
所述第一锁扣包括一导向固定块、一插销、一弹簧以及一卡簧；所述导向固定块连接在车梁上并具有一容置槽，且容置槽的底部具有一通孔；所述插销的一端设在容置槽内并伸出通孔外并被卡簧卡制，另一端头部露出容置槽外；所述弹簧设在容置槽内并压制于插销头部与容置槽底部之间；
所述第二锁扣包括相连接的一抱箍和一弹片，所述抱箍箍设在转向杆上，所述弹片朝向车梁，且弹片上设有一扣眼供所述插销头部插设锁合。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：所述转向杆包括中心杆和转向套管，所述转向套管可上下移动地套设在中心杆上，所述车梁通过一铰接件连接所述转向套管。
4、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：所述车梁上设有一提手。
5、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述第二楔形块是通过一楔块轴可转动地连接在联动杆上；且所述楔块轴还可上下移动地连接在座体上；所述预紧弹簧的下端是通过该楔块轴连接所述联动杆；
所述第一楔形块是通过一旋转轴可转动地连接所述座体，该旋转轴位于所述限位销的内侧下方，并位于所述楔块轴的外侧上方。
6、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述楔形自锁传动装置包括主动轴、从动盘、预紧弹簧、导向块以及滑块；
所述主动轴由电机驱动，所述从动盘固定在后车轮上，且所述主动轴和从动盘接触设置；
所述导向块固定不动并与从动盘之间形成一楔形导向槽，楔形导向槽具有一大端和一小端，所述滑块滑设于楔形导向槽内，所述主动轴通过轴承可转动地连接在滑块上；
所述预紧弹簧的一端通过弹簧支架与所述滑块固定连接，另一端压紧于导向块上，使预紧弹簧产生将滑块推向楔形导向槽小端的推力；
所述推力使滑块对主动轴产生倍增的正压力而将主动轴压紧于从动盘上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘旋转。
7、根据权利要求6所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：楔形自锁传动装置还包括同步带传动机构，所述电机通过该同步带传动机构连接所述主动轴。
8、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述压力传动装置包括主动轴、从动盘、推力轴承以及预紧弹簧；
所述主动轴的后端通过一单向轴承连接电机，前端缩小形成第一锥形面；
所述从动盘固定在后车轮上，且一端面为第二锥形面；
所述第一锥形面和第二锥形面的倾斜方向一致并接触设置；
所述推力轴承固定连接在主动轴上并能随主动轴作轴向运动；所述预紧弹簧后端通过一固定限位架固定在车架上，前端抵设于推力轴承以产生将主动轴推向从动盘的推力；
所述推力使第一锥形面对第二锥形面产生倍增的正压力而将主动轴压紧于从动盘上以通过静摩擦力带动从动盘旋转。
9、根据权利要求8所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述从动盘的另一端面抵设有一限位轴承，该限位轴承将从动盘的第二锥形面抵紧于所述主动轴的第一锥形面。
10、根据权利要求8所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述第一锥形面与第二锥形面的锥角相等。
11、根据权利要求1所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：
所述双级传动装置包括主动带轮、从动带轮、主动齿轮和从动齿轮；
所述主动带轮由电机直接驱动，并通过皮带连接所述从动带轮；
所述主动齿轮与所述从动带轮同轴设置，所述从动齿轮与后车轮同轴固定并与主动齿轮啮合；
所述主动齿轮为小齿轮，所述从动带轮为大齿轮，大齿轮的半径小于后车轮的半径。
12、根据权利要求11所述的折叠电动自行车，其特征在于：所述从动带轮的半径是主动带轮半径的1~3倍，所述从动齿轮的半径是主动齿轮半径的4~10倍。
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CN107128423A (zh) * 2017-05-27 2017-09-05 薛文武 一种折叠电动自行车

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