WO2017033962A1 - ゆらぎ発振器、信号検知装置、及び表示装置 - Google Patents
ゆらぎ発振器、信号検知装置、及び表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/023—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of differential amplifiers or comparators, with internal or external positive feedback
- H03K3/0231—Astable circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06G—ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
- G06G7/00—Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
- G06G7/12—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers
- G06G7/14—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers for addition or subtraction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06G—ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
- G06G7/00—Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
- G06G7/12—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers
- G06G7/18—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers for integration or differentiation; for forming integrals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/84—Generating pulses having a predetermined statistical distribution of a parameter, e.g. random pulse generators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluctuation oscillator that oscillates by giving fluctuation to an input signal, and a signal detection apparatus and a display apparatus including the fluctuation oscillator.
- Oscillators such as crystal oscillators, Hartley oscillators, Clap oscillators, and astable multivibrators have been known. Since such a conventional oscillator is vulnerable to noise, countermeasures against noise are required. Therefore, a fluctuation oscillator using a stochastic resonator is known as an oscillator that is robust against noise.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a fluctuation oscillator in which a plurality of stochastic resonators are connected in a ring shape. Patent Document 1 also discloses a fluctuation oscillator in which a feedback loop is provided between the input and output terminals of one stochastic resonator.
- the fluctuation oscillator has the property of oscillating in synchronization with the input signal. Therefore, the characteristics (for example, frequency) of this input signal can be detected by oscillating the fluctuation oscillator in synchronization with a weak unknown input signal and monitoring the output signal from the fluctuation oscillator.
- the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillator in order to oscillate the fluctuation oscillator in synchronization with a weak unknown input signal, it is necessary to adjust the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillator to an appropriate value.
- the fluctuation oscillator disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of stochastic resonators, it is necessary to individually adjust the parameters of each stochastic resonator and there is a problem that it takes time to adjust the parameters.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a fluctuation oscillator in which a feedback loop is provided between the input and output terminals of one stochastic resonator, adjusting the strength of a signal flowing in the feedback loop is not considered at all. Therefore, the fluctuation oscillator disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the circuit parameters cannot be adjusted flexibly and it is difficult to oscillate the fluctuation oscillator so that an unknown weak input signal can be detected.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fluctuation oscillator capable of flexibly adjusting circuit parameters, and a signal detection apparatus and a display apparatus using the fluctuation oscillator.
- a fluctuation oscillator includes an adder that adds a noise signal and a feedback signal to an input signal; A threshold discriminating unit that generates a pulse signal by comparing the added signal to the threshold value; A transient response unit that transiently responds to the generated pulse signal to generate an output signal; A feedback loop for feeding back the output signal to the adder as the feedback signal; An intensity adjusting unit that is provided in the feedback loop and adjusts the intensity of the feedback signal.
- the strength adjustment unit for adjusting the strength of the feedback signal is provided on the feedback loop, it is easy to adjust the circuit parameters for causing the fluctuation oscillator to oscillate. As a result, it becomes easy to adjust the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillator so that an unknown weak input signal can be detected, and it becomes easy to detect an unknown weak input signal.
- FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a structure of a display device in Embodiment 3. It is the figure which showed an example of the light emission pattern of a display apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a fluctuation oscillator 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 includes a noise generator 11, an adder 12, a threshold determination unit 13, a transient response unit 14, a monitor unit 15, an intensity adjustment unit 16, and a feedback loop 17.
- the noise generator 11 includes a function generator that generates various noise signals SNS such as Gaussian white noise and thermal noise.
- the adder 12 receives n (n is a positive integer) types of input signals SI1 to SIn, a noise signal SNS output from the noise generator 11, and a feedback signal S4 output from the intensity adjustment unit 16.
- the adder 12 superimposes (adds) the input noise signal SNS, the n types of input signals SI1 to SIn, and the feedback signal S4, and outputs the result to the threshold determination unit 13.
- the noise signal is added to the input signals SI1 to SIn, whereby fluctuations are given to the input signal.
- the adder 12 includes input terminals 111 to 11n (n is an integer of 2 or more) to which n types of input signals SI1 to SIn are input, a noise terminal 11NS to which the noise signal SNS is input, and a feedback signal S4. Is input to the feedback terminal 11F.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 detects an unknown input signal
- the unknown input signal SI1 to be detected is input to the input terminal 111
- the input signals SI2 to SIn are input to the input terminals 112 to 11n. Absent. Therefore, the input terminals 112 to 11n may be omitted.
- the threshold value determination unit 13 compares the addition signal S1 output from the adder 12 with a predetermined threshold value. When the addition signal S1 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the threshold value determination unit 13 is at a high level. Outputs a low level pulse signal.
- the pulse signal output from the threshold discrimination unit 13 is described as an ignition pulse signal S2 following the firing of a nerve cell. Further, it is described that the fluctuation oscillator 1 is igniting when the ignition pulse signal S2 is at a high level.
- the threshold value has hysteresis, and the value when the ignition pulse signal S2 changes from the low level to the high level is different from the value when the ignition pulse signal S2 changes from the high level to the low level.
- Giving hysteresis to the threshold can be easily realized by configuring the threshold determination unit 13 with, for example, a Schmitt trigger circuit.
- the transient response unit 14 is configured by, for example, an integrator or a differentiator, and causes the ignition pulse signal S2 output from the threshold determination unit 13 to perform a transient response, and generates a transient response signal of the ignition pulse signal S2 as an output signal S3.
- the monitor unit 15 monitors the output signal S3.
- the monitor unit 15 is configured by an information processing device such as a computer, for example, and displays the waveform of the output signal S3 on the display, or detects the frequency of the output signal S3 and displays it on the display. . Thereby, the operator can detect an input signal from the information displayed on the display.
- the strength adjusting unit 16 is composed of a variable resistor provided on the feedback loop 17, adjusts the strength of the feedback signal S 4, and inputs it to the adder 12.
- the feedback loop 17 is composed of a line provided between the output terminal 151 and the feedback terminal 11F, and feeds back the output signal S3 to the adder 12 as the feedback signal S4.
- the output terminal 151 is provided on the output side of the monitor unit 15 and outputs an output signal S3 to the outside.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 shown on the left side of FIG. 1 is represented using the symbol on the right side of FIG.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 includes the monitor unit 15, but the monitor unit 15 may be omitted.
- the feedback loop 17 may be connected between the output side of the transient response unit 14 and the feedback terminal 11F.
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a signal flowing through the fluctuation oscillator 1
- section (a) is a waveform diagram of noise signal SNS
- section (b) is a waveform diagram of output signal S3
- section (c) is an output. It is a power spectrum of signal S3.
- the noise signal SNS is a signal whose amplitude changes randomly.
- an output signal S3 as shown in section (b) is output from the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the waveform of the output signal S3 it can be seen that the output signal S3 changes periodically. Therefore, when the noise signal SNS is input to the fluctuation oscillator 1, it can be confirmed that the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates.
- the power spectrum of the output signal S3 decreases in intensity at a constant slope in the region where the frequency is 1 Hz or more, which is the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1, and the 1 / f fluctuation It can be seen that it has characteristics. Therefore, when the light emitting element is caused to emit light using the output signal S3, the light emitting element can be made to emit light with a light emission pattern that is comfortable for humans. Alternatively, when the actuator is driven using the output signal S3, the control target operated by the actuator can be operated as if it is moving autonomously.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed circuit configuration of the fluctuation oscillator 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the monitor unit 15 is not shown.
- the adder 12 includes an operational amplifier A11 having a positive input terminal grounded, resistors R11, R12, and R13 connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A11, and a resistor R14 provided between the negative input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A11. And a mixer circuit.
- the adder 12 adds the noise signal SNS input to the noise terminal 11NS, the input signal SI1 input to the input terminal 111, and the feedback signal S4 input to the feedback terminal 11F.
- the threshold discriminating unit 13 includes a Schmitt trigger circuit including an operational amplifier A12 and resistors R21 and R22.
- the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A12 is grounded via the resistor R22.
- the operational amplifier A12 has an output terminal and a positive input terminal connected via a resistor R21.
- the operational amplifier A12 has a negative input terminal connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A11.
- the transient response unit 14 is configured by an integrator including a coil L31 having one end connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A12, and a resistor R31 having one end connected to the other end of the coil L31 and the other end grounded. .
- the strength adjusting unit 16 is composed of, for example, an adjustment knob (not shown) or a variable resistor whose resistance value can be changed by a control signal.
- transient response part 14 is comprised with the integrator, it is not limited to this, You may comprise with a differentiator.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the transient response unit 14 composed of a differentiator.
- the transient response unit 14 includes a capacitor C31 and a resistor R31.
- the transient response unit 14 in FIG. 4 has the same configuration as the transient response unit 14 in FIG. 3 except that the coil L31 in the transient response unit 14 in FIG. 3 is replaced with a capacitor C31.
- FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the output signal S3 when the transient response unit 14 includes the differentiator shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis represents voltage
- the horizontal axis represents time.
- the addition signal S1 exceeds the threshold value
- the firing pulse signal S2 becomes high level. Therefore, the output signal S3 rises up to the positive power supply voltage VDD, and thereafter attenuates toward the ground level GND according to the time constant of the differentiator.
- the addition signal S1 falls below the threshold value, and the firing pulse signal S2 becomes low level.
- the output signal S3 falls all at once to the negative power supply voltage VSS, and thereafter increases according to the time constant of the differentiator. Thereafter, the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates by repeating this behavior.
- FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the output signal S3 when the transient response unit 14 is configured by an integrator.
- the vertical axis represents voltage
- the horizontal axis represents time.
- the addition signal S1 exceeds the threshold value, and the firing pulse signal S2 becomes high level. Therefore, the output signal S3 increases according to the time constant of the integrator.
- the addition signal S1 falls below the threshold value, and the firing pulse signal S2 becomes low level. Therefore, the output signal S3 attenuates according to the integrator time constant. Thereafter, the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates this behavior repeatedly.
- the integrator can change the output signal S3 more smoothly than the differentiator. Therefore, when it is desired to cause the light emitting element to emit light with a smooth light emission pattern or to operate the control target object with a smooth operation pattern, it is preferable to employ an integrator as the transient response unit 14. On the other hand, when it is desired to cause the light emitting element to emit light with a light emission pattern in which dimming changes abruptly or when it is desired to operate the controlled object in an operation pattern in which operation changes abruptly, a differentiator is employed as the transient response unit 14. It is preferable.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency of the output signal S3 and the intensity of the input signal SI1 in the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the vertical axis represents the frequency of the output signal S3
- the horizontal axis represents the intensity of the input signal SI1.
- the intensity of the input signal SI1 indicates the maximum value of the input signal.
- the threshold value of the transient response unit 14 is set to “0.2 V”.
- the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 is set to “25 Hz”. As shown in section (a), the natural frequency refers to the oscillation frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 when only the noise signal SNS is input and the fluctuation oscillator 1 is oscillated.
- the first threshold region D1 indicates a region where the intensity of the input signal SI1 is smaller than the threshold “0.2V” as shown in the section (b).
- the second threshold region D2 indicates a region where the intensity of the input signal SI1 is larger than the threshold “0.2V” as shown in the section (c).
- graphs G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6 show the frequency of the output signal S3 and the input signal SI1 when the frequency of the input signal SI1 is 100 Hz, 80 Hz, 60 Hz, 40 Hz, 10 Hz, and 5 Hz, respectively.
- the relationship with intensity is shown.
- the points plotted in the graphs G1 to G6 indicate average values of a plurality of measurement results under the same conditions.
- a line segment extending vertically from the center to the plotted point indicates an error bar, and the measurement result varies.
- the frequency can be calculated by sampling the output signal S3 at a constant sampling period and performing Fourier transform.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be synchronized with the input signal. If the frequency of the input signal SI1 is lower than the natural frequency, the fluctuation oscillator 1 cannot be synchronized with the input signal. I understand.
- the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillator 1 are adjusted so that the natural frequency is lower than the frequency of the input signal SI1 to be detected.
- the time constant of the transient response unit 14 and the strength of the strength adjusting unit 16 are adjusted so that the natural frequency is lower than the frequency of the input signal SI1 to be detected. ing. Therefore, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can detect the input signal SI1.
- the time constant of the transient response unit 14 is increased, the waveform of the output signal S3 is distorted, and the natural frequency tends to decrease.
- the strength of the strength adjusting unit 16 is increased, the amplitude of the output signal S3 increases, and thus the natural frequency tends to increase. Therefore, the natural frequency can be increased by decreasing the time constant of the transient response unit 14 and increasing the strength of the strength adjustment unit 16, while increasing the time constant of the transient response unit 14, and This can be reduced by reducing the strength of the strength adjusting unit 16.
- the frequency shift amount ⁇ f (the shift amount of the frequency of the output signal S3 with respect to the natural frequency) is observed, but the frequency of the input signal SI1 is If the frequency is lower than the natural frequency, it can be seen that the frequency shift amount is not observed.
- the frequency shift amount ⁇ f can be observed, it can be determined that the input signal SI1 having a frequency greater than the natural frequency is input. If the frequency shift amount ⁇ f cannot be observed, the frequency greater than the natural frequency. It can be determined that the input signal SI1 having is not input.
- the frequency of the output signal S3 can be detected as the frequency of the input signal SI1.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 cannot detect the input signal SI1 below the natural frequency, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be provided with a high-pass filter function.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency of the output signal S3 and the intensity of the input signal SI1 when the input signal SI1 having an intensity lower than the threshold value is input to the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the vertical axis indicates the frequency of the output signal S3, and the horizontal axis indicates the intensity of the input signal SI1.
- “0.2 V” is adopted as the threshold value, and a sine wave whose frequency is lower than the threshold value “0.2 V” is 50 Hz as the input signal SI1.
- white Gaussian noise having an intensity of “1.2 V” was used as the noise signal SNS.
- the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 was set to 25.6 Hz as shown in the section (b).
- the region where the frequency of the input signal SI1 is about 0.03V to 0.09V is the incomplete sync region D91, and the region where the frequency of the input signal SI1 is about 0.09V or more is the complete sync region D92.
- the incomplete sync region D91 refers to a region where the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates with the frequency varying to some extent.
- the complete synchronization region D92 refers to a region where the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates at a frequency substantially the same as the frequency of the input signal SI1 without frequency variation.
- the oscillation state of the fluctuation oscillator 1 in the incomplete synchronization region D91 is referred to as “incomplete synchronization”
- the oscillation state of the fluctuation oscillator 1 in the complete synchronization region D92 is referred to as “perfect synchronization”.
- the lower limit value of the intensity of the input signal SI1 is approximately “0.09V”. Therefore, it can be seen that the fluctuation oscillator 1 is completely synchronized with the input signal SI1 at a value equal to or less than half of the threshold value “0.2 V”. Therefore, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can detect the weak input signal SI1 whose intensity with respect to the intensity of the noise signal SNS is about 1/13 in the complete synchronization region D92.
- the lower limit value of the intensity of the input signal SI1 is approximately “0.03V”. Therefore, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can detect the weak input signal SI1 whose intensity is about 1/40 with respect to the intensity of the noise signal SNS in the incomplete synchronization region D91.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing how the fluctuation oscillator 1 detects the input signal SI1.
- the noise signal SNS is input to the fluctuation oscillator 1, the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates at the natural frequency fs.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates at a frequency fy obtained by shifting the frequency from the natural frequency fs by the frequency shift amount ⁇ f.
- the frequency fy is the same as the frequency of the input signal SI1. Therefore, the frequency of the input signal SI1 can be detected by detecting the frequency fy of the output signal S3.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 can detect that the input signal SI1 having a frequency equal to or higher than the natural frequency fs is input, and the frequency shift amount ⁇ f is observed. If not, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can detect that the input signal SI1 having a frequency equal to or higher than the natural frequency fs is not input.
- the detection of the input signal SI1 may be performed by the operator from the waveform of the output signal S3 displayed on the monitor unit 15, or may be automatically performed by the monitor unit 15.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of processing of the monitor unit 15 when the monitor unit 15 adopts a mode in which the input signal SI1 is automatically detected.
- the monitor unit 15 detects the output signal S3 (S1601). Next, the monitor unit 15 determines whether the fluctuation oscillator 1 is incompletely synchronized or completely synchronized with the input signal SI1. Here, if the variation in the frequency of the output signal S3 is within a certain range, the monitor unit 15 determines that the fluctuation oscillator 1 is completely synchronized with the input signal SI1, and the variation in the frequency of the output signal S3. Can be determined to be incompletely synchronized with the input signal SI1.
- the monitor unit 15 generates the input signal SI1 having the frequency of the output signal S3. It is determined that 1 has been detected (S1603).
- the monitor unit 15 determines whether the frequency shift amount ⁇ f has been observed (S1604).
- the monitor unit 15 calculates the average value of the frequency of the output signal S3, and determines that the frequency shift amount ⁇ f can be observed if the difference between the calculated average value and the natural frequency is larger than a certain value. If the difference between the calculated average value and the natural frequency is less than a certain value, it may be determined that the frequency shift amount ⁇ f could not be observed.
- the monitor unit 15 determines that the fluctuation oscillator 1 has detected the input signal SI1 having a frequency that is at least greater than the natural frequency. On the other hand, when the frequency shift amount ⁇ f cannot be observed (NO in S1604), the monitor unit 15 may determine that the fluctuation signal 1 has not been detected by the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- FIG. 11 is an example of a waveform diagram of the output signal S3 corresponding to the intensity adjustment value by the intensity adjusting unit 16, the vertical axis indicates the amplitude of the output signal S3, and the horizontal axis indicates time.
- “0.2 V” is used as the threshold value of the fluctuation oscillator 1
- white Gaussian noise having an intensity of “1.5 V” is used as the noise signal SNS
- “1” is set as the time constant of the transient response unit 14. It is used.
- “0”, “0.1”, “0.2”, “0.5”, “1.0”, “2.0” are used as the intensity adjustment value CC of the intensity adjusting unit 16. Yes.
- the intensity adjustment value CC indicates a gain for the feedback signal S4.
- As the input signal SI1 a sine wave having a frequency of “1 Hz” and an amplitude of 0.1 V is used.
- the operator when the operator observes the waveform of the output signal S3 displayed by the monitor unit 15 and determines that the fluctuation oscillator 1 is not completely synchronized with the input signal SI1, the operator can increase the intensity adjustment value CC.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be synchronized with the input signal SI1. That is, by increasing the intensity adjustment value CC, the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be increased, the natural frequency can be brought close to the frequency of the input signal SI1, and the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be completely synchronized.
- the strength adjustment value CC can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor constituting the strength adjustment unit 16. Therefore, the operator can completely synchronize the fluctuation oscillator 1 with the input signal SI1 by a simple operation of adjusting the variable resistor.
- FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram for explaining the behavior of the fluctuation oscillator 1 according to the type of the input signal SI1.
- section (a) is a waveform diagram showing the behavior of the fluctuation oscillator 1 when only the noise signal SNS is input.
- a differentiator is employed as the transient response unit 14.
- the threshold value is the threshold value TH2
- the threshold value is the threshold value TH1.
- the threshold of the transient response unit 14 is set to the negative threshold TH2.
- the feedback signal S4 gradually attenuates according to the time constant of the transient response unit 14.
- the feedback signal S4 is inverted to the negative side.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 oscillates at the natural frequency defined by the natural vibration width ⁇ .
- the natural vibration width ⁇ depends on the attenuation rate of the feedback signal S4, and it can be seen that the influence of the time constant of the transient response unit 14 is dominant.
- the section (b) in FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram showing the behavior of the fluctuation oscillator 1 when the input signal SI1 having a frequency higher than the natural frequency is input.
- the threshold can be exceeded. Therefore, when the input signal SI1 having a frequency higher than the natural frequency is input, the fluctuation oscillator 1 is likely to be completely synchronized. As a result, the fluctuation oscillator 1 can be completely synchronized with the input signal SI1 even if the intensity of the input signal SI1 is less than or equal to the threshold value.
- the section (c) in FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram showing the behavior of the fluctuation oscillator 1 when the input signal SI1 having a frequency lower than the natural frequency is input. If the frequency of the input signal SI1 is lower than the natural frequency, the feedback signal S4 can exceed the threshold value once with high probability within the natural vibration width ⁇ . Therefore, at time T1, the feedback signal S4 is inverted to the positive side.
- the feedback signal S4 is attenuated, but the input signal SI1 is increasing, so both weaken each other, and the inversion of the feedback signal S4 is dominated by the noise signal SNS.
- the feedback signal S4 Is inverted to the negative side at a timing shorter than the natural vibration width ⁇ .
- the feedback signal S4 increases according to the time constant of the transient response unit 14, but since the input signal SI1 decreases, they weaken each other, and the inversion of the feedback signal S4 is dominated by the noise signal SNS. Thus, at time T3, the feedback signal S4 is inverted to the positive side at a timing longer than the natural vibration width ⁇ .
- the inversion period of the feedback signal S4 is not uniform, and the fluctuation oscillator 1 cannot be synchronized with the input signal SI1.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 includes the intensity adjustment unit 16, and therefore it is easy to adjust the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillator 1 so that an unknown weak input signal SI1 can be detected. It becomes.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of the signal detection device 2.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the signal detection device 2 includes a plurality of fluctuation oscillators 1 and a detection unit 2000.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 includes four fluctuation oscillators 1_1, 1_2, 1_3, and 1_4.
- the signal detection device 2 may be configured by a plurality of fluctuation oscillators 1 other than four.
- the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4 have input terminals connected to a common input terminal 2001, and receive a common input signal SI1.
- the circuit parameters of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4 are adjusted so as to have different natural frequencies.
- the detection unit 2000 is connected to the output terminals of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4, and is configured by an information processing device such as a computer.
- the detection unit 2000 receives the output signals S3 of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4.
- the input signal SI1 whose frequency is close to the natural frequency rises faster. That is, it can be seen that the input signal SI1 whose frequency is closer to the natural frequency has a larger frequency shift amount ⁇ f.
- the frequency of the input signal SI1 is the frequency shift amount ⁇ f of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4. Can be estimated to have a value closest to the natural frequency of the maximum fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the natural frequencies of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4 are “5 Hz”, “10 Hz”, “15 Hz”, and “20 Hz”, respectively, and an input signal SI1 having a frequency of “17 Hz” is input.
- the frequency shift amount ⁇ f is observed in the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_3 whose natural frequency is lower than the frequency of the input signal SI1.
- the frequency shift amount ⁇ f of the fluctuation oscillator 1 whose natural frequency is “15 Hz” closest to the frequency of the input signal SI1 is maximized. Therefore, in the signal detection device 2 of FIG. 13, when all of the fluctuation oscillators 1_1 to 1_4 are incompletely synchronized, it can be estimated that the input signal SI1 has a frequency close to the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 with the maximum frequency shift amount ⁇ f. .
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 outputs an output signal S3 having the same frequency as that of the input signal SI1 when completely synchronized with the input signal SI1.
- the frequency of the input signal SI1 is the output of the fluctuation oscillator 1 that is completely synchronized. It can be estimated to have the frequency of the signal S3.
- the detection unit 2000 detects the input signal SI1 with the logic shown in the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing processing when the signal detection device 2 detects the input signal SI1.
- the detection unit 2000 detects the output signal S3 from each fluctuation oscillator 1 (S131). Next, the detection unit 2000 determines whether all the fluctuation oscillators 1 are not completely synchronized with the input signal SI1 (S132). When it is determined that all the fluctuation oscillators 1 are not completely synchronized with the input signal SI1 (YES in S132), the detection unit 2000 detects the maximum frequency shift among the frequency shift amounts ⁇ f of the output signals S3 from the fluctuation oscillators 1. The amount ⁇ f is specified (S134). Next, the detection unit 2000 estimates the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 having the maximum frequency shift amount ⁇ f as the frequency of the input signal SI1 (S135). Since the specific details of the frequency shift amount ⁇ f are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the signal detection device 2 of the second embodiment since the plurality of fluctuation oscillators 1 having different natural frequencies are provided, all the fluctuation oscillators 1 cannot be completely synchronized with the input signal SI1. Even in such a case, the frequency of the input signal SI1 can be estimated from the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator 1 having the maximum frequency shift amount ⁇ f. Further, according to the signal detection device 2 of the second embodiment, when any fluctuation oscillator 1 is completely synchronized with the input signal SI1, the frequency of the input signal SI1 can be estimated from the frequency of the output signal S3 of the fluctuation oscillator 1. .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the display device 3 according to the third embodiment.
- the display device 3 includes a fluctuation oscillator 1 arranged in a matrix with N rows ⁇ N columns.
- N is an integer of 1 or more.
- the number of rows and the number of columns are set to the same number, but may be set to different numbers.
- a dotted-line rectangle shown between adjacent fluctuation oscillators 1 indicates a connection form of the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the connection forms of the fluctuation oscillator 1 include (i) bidirectional coupling, (ii) unidirectional coupling, and (iii) no coupling.
- Bidirectional coupling is such that, of two adjacent fluctuation oscillators 1, the output terminal of one fluctuation oscillator 1 is connected to the input terminal of the other fluctuation oscillator 1, and the output terminal of the other fluctuation oscillator 1 is one fluctuation. This is a connection form connected to the input terminal of the oscillator 1.
- One-way coupling is a connection form in which the output terminal of one fluctuation oscillator 1 is connected to the input terminal of the other fluctuation oscillator 1 among two adjacent fluctuation oscillators 1.
- the monitor unit 15 of each fluctuation oscillator 1 is composed of a light emitting element whose dimming changes according to the intensity of the output signal S3.
- the light emitting element any light emitting element may be employed as long as it is a light emitting element capable of changing light control such as an LED or a fluorescent lamp.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the light emission pattern of the display device 3.
- the display device 3 is composed of 100 fluctuation oscillators 1 arranged in 10 rows ⁇ 10 columns indicated by L0 to L99.
- Each fluctuation oscillator 1 is unidirectionally coupled from the left to the right in the row direction, and the fluctuation oscillator 1 at the right end of one row is unidirectionally coupled with the fluctuation oscillator 1 at the left end of the next row. That is, in the example of FIG. 16, the fluctuation oscillator 1 at the right end of a certain row is considered to be adjacent to the fluctuation oscillator 1 at the left end of the next row.
- the display device 3 of FIG. 16 when a fluctuation oscillator 1 is ignited, the output signal S3 of the fluctuation oscillator 1 is sequentially propagated to the adjacent fluctuation oscillators 1. Therefore, a light emission pattern is obtained in which the brightness is sequentially propagated toward the downstream fluctuation oscillator 1 with the fired fluctuation oscillator 1 as the head.
- the fluctuation oscillators L3, L13, L28, etc. emit light brightly
- the display device has a light emission pattern in which the dimming gradually decreases from the fluctuation oscillator 1 toward the fluctuation oscillator 1 on the downstream side. 3 emits light.
- the display device 3 emits light so that the light emission pattern propagates toward the fluctuation oscillator 1 on the downstream side with time.
- the display device 3 since the fluctuation oscillator 1 has a frequency spectrum of 1 / f fluctuation, the display device 3 has a light emission pattern that is comfortable for humans as if each fluctuation oscillator 1 emits light autonomously. Can produce. Taking a firefly as an example, the display device 3 can produce a light emission pattern in which a firefly adjacent to the firefly emits light in a chain as the firefly emits light.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 is coupled in one direction, but may be coupled in both directions. In this case, when a certain fluctuation oscillator 1 is ignited, it is possible to produce a light emission pattern in which the output signal S3 gradually propagates to the fluctuation oscillators on both sides around the fluctuation oscillator 1.
- the fluctuation oscillator 1 is unidirectionally coupled, but bi-directional coupling, unidirectional coupling, and non-coupling may be mixed.
- a fluctuation oscillator includes an adder that adds a noise signal and a feedback signal to an input signal; A threshold discriminating unit that generates a pulse signal by comparing the added signal to the threshold value; A transient response unit that transiently responds to the generated pulse signal to generate an output signal; A feedback loop for feeding back the output signal to the adder as the feedback signal; An intensity adjusting unit that is provided in the feedback loop and adjusts the intensity of the feedback signal.
- a fluctuation oscillator When a fluctuation oscillator is configured with one stochastic resonator connected between the input and output terminals by a feedback loop, the fluctuation oscillator must be adjusted unless the intensity of the feedback signal fed back to the adder through the feedback loop is adjusted appropriately. The signal cannot be detected.
- Patent Document 1 Although a feedback loop is formed between input and output terminals and a fluctuation oscillator is configured by one stochastic resonator, there is provided an element for adjusting the strength of the feedback signal on the feedback loop. It is not done. Therefore, in the conventional fluctuation oscillator, the intensity of the feedback signal has to be adjusted mainly by adjusting the time constant of the differentiator. Although the waveform of the feedback signal can be changed by adjusting the time constant of the differentiator, the intensity of the feedback signal cannot be increased or decreased as a whole, and there is a problem that adjustment is troublesome.
- an intensity adjustment unit for adjusting the intensity of the feedback signal is provided on the feedback loop. Therefore, the strength of the feedback signal can be adjusted, and the circuit parameters can be adjusted more flexibly. As a result, in this configuration, it is easy to adjust circuit parameters so that unknown weak input signals can be detected.
- the circuit parameter may be adjusted so that the natural frequency is lower than the frequency of the input signal.
- the fluctuation oscillator that feeds back the output signal to the input signal can observe the frequency shift amount (the shift amount of the frequency of the output signal with respect to the natural frequency) when an input signal with a frequency higher than the natural frequency is input.
- the frequency shift amount cannot be observed.
- the circuit parameters are adjusted so that the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator is lower than the frequency of the input signal to be detected, the fluctuation oscillator can detect the input signal.
- the fluctuation oscillator cannot detect the input signal, so that the fluctuation oscillator can have a high-pass filter function.
- the fluctuation oscillator can oscillate in synchronization with the input signal even if the intensity of the input signal is below the threshold value. Can detect the frequency of the input signal.
- a monitor unit for monitoring the output signal may be further provided.
- the monitor unit for monitoring the transient response signal since the monitor unit for monitoring the transient response signal is provided, the input signal can be easily detected.
- the monitor unit determines that an input signal having the frequency of the output signal is input, and the fluctuation oscillator is input to the input signal. If it is not completely synchronized with the signal, it may be determined that the input signal can be detected when the frequency shift amount of the output signal with respect to the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator can be observed.
- the frequency of the input signal can be detected from the frequency of the output signal.
- the frequency shift amount is detected.
- the input signal can be detected by the presence or absence of observation.
- the monitor unit may be configured by a light emitting element that is dimmed according to the intensity of the output signal.
- the monitor unit is configured by the light emitting element that is dimmed according to the intensity of the output signal, the light emitting element can be caused to emit light with the light emitting pattern according to the oscillation pattern of the fluctuation oscillator.
- the fluctuation oscillator has a noise signal superimposed on the input signal, the power spectrum has a 1 / f fluctuation characteristic. Therefore, the light emitting element can emit light with a 1 / f fluctuation light emitting pattern, and the light emitting element can emit light with a light emitting pattern comfortable for humans.
- the transient response unit may be configured by an integrator.
- the transient response unit is configured by an integrator, the output signal can be changed smoothly.
- the light emitting element when adopting a mode in which the light emitting element emits light according to the oscillation pattern of the fluctuation oscillator, the light emitting element can emit light with a smooth light emitting pattern.
- a signal detection device is a signal detection device including a plurality of fluctuation oscillators, Each fluctuation oscillator has a different natural frequency and a common input signal is input.
- a detection unit that detects the frequency of the input signal based on an output signal from each fluctuation oscillator is provided.
- the fluctuation oscillator has a characteristic that when the frequency of the input signal is higher than the natural frequency, the frequency shift amount increases as the frequency of the input signal approaches the natural frequency. Therefore, it can be estimated that the frequency of the input signal is close to the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator having the maximum frequency shift amount. In this configuration, since a plurality of fluctuation oscillators having different natural frequencies are provided, the frequency of an unknown input signal can be detected using the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator in which the maximum frequency shift amount is observed.
- the detection unit may estimate the natural frequency of the output signal of the fully synchronized fluctuation oscillator as the frequency of the input signal when at least one fluctuation oscillator is completely synchronized with the input signal.
- the output signal oscillates at the same frequency as the input signal.
- the input signal has the frequency of the output signal of the fluctuation oscillator. Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect the frequency of the unknown input signal.
- the detection unit is configured to input the input based on the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator having the maximum frequency shift amount among all the fluctuation oscillators.
- the frequency of the signal may be estimated.
- the frequency of the input signal can be accurately detected based on the natural frequency of the fluctuation oscillator having the maximum frequency shift amount.
- a display device is a display device in which a plurality of fluctuation oscillators are arranged in a matrix, Each fluctuation oscillator includes a light emitting element whose dimming changes according to the output signal, Each fluctuation oscillator is connected to at least one of the adjacent fluctuation oscillators.
- the fluctuation oscillator since a plurality of fluctuation oscillators having light emitting elements whose dimming changes according to the output signal are arranged in a matrix, when a fluctuation oscillator ignites, the output signal of the fluctuation oscillator gradually becomes ambient.
- the fluctuation oscillator can emit light with a light emission pattern in which the fluctuation oscillator propagates.
- each fluctuation oscillator may be bi-directionally connected or unidirectionally connected to at least one of the adjacent fluctuation oscillators.
- the fluctuation oscillators can be made to emit light with a light emission pattern in which an output signal propagates in both directions around the ignited fluctuation oscillator by coupling the adjacent fluctuation oscillators in both directions.
- the fluctuation oscillators can emit light with a light emission pattern in which an output signal propagates in one direction around the ignited fluctuation oscillator.
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Abstract
Description
前記加算された加算信号を閾値と比較することでパルス信号を生成する閾値判別部と、
前記生成されたパルス信号を過渡応答させ出力信号を生成する過渡応答部と、
前記出力信号を前記フィードバック信号として前記加算器にフィードバックさせるフィードバックループと、
前記フィードバックループに設けられ、前記フィードバック信号の強度を調整する強度調整部とを備える。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるゆらぎ発振器1の構成の一例を示す図である。図1に示すようにゆらぎ発振器1は、ノイズ発生器11、加算器12、閾値判別部13、過渡応答部14、モニタ部15、強度調整部16、及びフィードバックループ17を備えている。ノイズ発生器11は、例えばガウシアンホワイトノイズや熱雑音等の種々のノイズ信号SNSを生成するファンクションジェネレータで構成されている。
実施の形態2は、複数のゆらぎ発振器1を用いて未知の入力信号SI1を検知する信号検知装置を構成したことを特徴とする。図13は、信号検知装置2の全体構成を示す図である。なお、本実施の形態において実施の形態1と同一の構成には同一の符号を付し、説明を省く。
実施の形態3は、複数のゆらぎ発振器1を用いて表示装置を構成したことを特徴とする。図15は、実施の形態3における表示装置3の構成の一例を示す図である。図15に示すように、表示装置3は、N行×N列でマトリックス状に配列されたゆらぎ発振器1を備える。ここで、Nは1以上の整数である。また、図15の例では、行数及び列数は同数に設定されているが、異なる数に設定されていてもよい。
<実施の形態の纏め>
前記加算された加算信号を閾値と比較することでパルス信号を生成する閾値判別部と、
前記生成されたパルス信号を過渡応答させ出力信号を生成する過渡応答部と、
前記出力信号を前記フィードバック信号として前記加算器にフィードバックさせるフィードバックループと、
前記フィードバックループに設けられ、前記フィードバック信号の強度を調整する強度調整部とを備える。
各ゆらぎ発振器は、固有周波数がそれぞれ異なり、且つ、共通の入力信号が入力され、
各ゆらぎ発振器からの出力信号に基づいて、前記入力信号の周波数を検知する検知部を備える。
各ゆらぎ発振器は、前記出力信号に応じて調光が変化する発光素子を備え、
各ゆらぎ発振器は、隣接するゆらぎ発振器のうち少なくとも1つのゆらぎ発振器と接続されている。
Claims (10)
- 入力信号にノイズ信号及びフィードバック信号を加算する加算器と、
前記加算された加算信号を閾値と比較することでパルス信号を生成する閾値判別部と、
前記生成されたパルス信号を過渡応答させ出力信号を生成する過渡応答部と、
前記出力信号を前記フィードバック信号として前記加算器にフィードバックさせるフィードバックループと、
前記フィードバックループに設けられ、前記フィードバック信号の強度を調整する強度調整部とを備えるゆらぎ発振器。 - 固有周波数が前記入力信号の周波数よりも低くなるように回路パラメータが調整されている請求項1に記載のゆらぎ発振器。
- 前記出力信号をモニタするモニタ部を更に備える請求項1又は2に記載のゆらぎ発振器。
- 前記モニタ部は、前記ゆらぎ発振器が前記入力信号と完全同期していれば、前記出力信号の周波数を持つ入力信号が入力されていると判定し、前記ゆらぎ発振器が前記入力信号と完全同期していなければ、前記ゆらぎ発振器の固有周波数に対する前記出力信号の周波数シフト量が観測できた場合、前記入力信号が検知できたと判定する請求項3に記載のゆらぎ発振器。
- 前記モニタ部は、前記出力信号の強度に応じて調光される発光素子で構成される請求項3に記載のゆらぎ発振器。
- 前記過渡応答部は、積分器で構成される請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のゆらぎ発振器。
- 請求項1に記載のゆらぎ発振器を複数備える信号検知装置であって、
各ゆらぎ発振器は、固有周波数がそれぞれ異なり、且つ、共通の入力信号が入力され、
各ゆらぎ発振器からの出力信号に基づいて、前記入力信号の周波数を検知する検知部を備える信号検知装置。 - 前記検知部は、少なくとも1つのゆらぎ発振器が前記入力信号と完全同期した場合、前記完全同期したゆらぎ発振器の出力信号の固有周波数を前記入力信号の周波数と推定する請求項7に記載の信号検知装置。
- 前記検知部は、全てのゆらぎ発振器が前記入力信号と完全同期できなかった場合、全てのゆらぎ発振器のうち、前記周波数シフト量が最大のゆらぎ発振器の固有周波数に基づいて、前記入力信号の周波数を推定する請求項7又は8に記載の信号検知装置。
- 請求項1に記載のゆらぎ発振器がマトリックス状に複数配列された表示装置であって、
各ゆらぎ発振器は、前記出力信号に応じて調光が変化する発光素子を備え、
各ゆらぎ発振器は、隣接するゆらぎ発振器のうち少なくとも1つのゆらぎ発振器と接続されている表示装置。
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