WO2017031696A1 - Cpu卡预付费分时电能表系统 - Google Patents

Cpu卡预付费分时电能表系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017031696A1
WO2017031696A1 PCT/CN2015/088051 CN2015088051W WO2017031696A1 WO 2017031696 A1 WO2017031696 A1 WO 2017031696A1 CN 2015088051 W CN2015088051 W CN 2015088051W WO 2017031696 A1 WO2017031696 A1 WO 2017031696A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
card
data
cpu card
module
user
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PCT/CN2015/088051
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李志华
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深圳市思达仪表有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市思达仪表有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市思达仪表有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/088051 priority Critical patent/WO2017031696A1/zh
Publication of WO2017031696A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017031696A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/06—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity with means for prepaying basic charges, e.g. rent for meters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric energy metering system, in particular to a CPU card prepaid time sharing electric energy meter system.
  • both residential electricity and industrial electricity use traditional inductive energy meters for metering.
  • the electricity management method is manual meter reading, recording monthly electricity consumption, first electricity, and then paying fees. Increased, this method of electric energy measurement management shows many shortcomings, the most important one is the difficulty of charging electricity charges.
  • the user first uses electricity to mean that the power management department needs to prepay the electricity fee, and then charges the user for the electricity fee. For various reasons, it is difficult to collect the electricity fee on time, and even a large amount of electricity is not available.
  • the power management department has caused huge economic losses, and the repeated payment of electricity charges has also greatly wasted human and material resources.
  • the traditional electric energy meter cannot prevent theft of electricity due to its own principle and structure, thus causing further loss of electricity charges.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system that can realize pre-paid and is a complete power sales management system.
  • a CPU card prepaid time-sharing electric energy meter system including a CPU card prepaid electric energy meter, a CPU card, a CPU card electricity business management system, and a CPU card electricity business management System, palmtop and palmtop meter reading system, and power meter protection circuit;
  • the CPU card prepaid electric energy meter performs electric energy measurement, receives data transmitted from the CPU card, and writes the data back to the CPU card;
  • the CPU card is a medium for transferring data between the CPU card prepaid energy meter and the CPU card power business management system, and the CPU card power business management system completes writing data to the CPU card;
  • the CPU card power business management system completes the registration of new users, processes and records the obtained electricity charges and management information
  • the energy meter can be used for calibration and reading data.
  • the meter reader can carry out manual meter reading with the meter reading card;
  • the power meter protection circuit provides power-off protection for the time-sharing energy meter system, and saves the data before power-off;
  • the CPU card sales point business system writes the purchase amount to the user card after processing the tax and other miscellaneous charges according to the user's delivery amount, and then the user card loads the purchase amount into the CPU card prepaid energy meter, and the CPU card prepaid power
  • the table is based on the user's actual monthly electricity consumption and the previously agreed monthly electricity price, and the purchase amount is reduced. When the remaining amount is zero, the user's load is automatically cut off.
  • the invention can be further specifically:
  • the CPU card is a Time COS-based smart card, and includes the following three types:
  • User card a carrier that transmits power purchase information, electricity information, and energy meter operating parameters between the CPU card power business management system and the CPU card prepaid energy meter;
  • Terminal security control module card held by the salesperson, installed in the service network of the CPU card power business management system to complete the identification of the user card;
  • Test card held by the power company personnel, used to read, change, and set parameters of the energy meter.
  • the CPU card power business management system includes a plurality of computers for selling points, a plurality of computers of a base business center, and a computer of a data center, and the computers of each of the base business centers are connected to a plurality of computers for selling points through a communication interface. , the computers of all the base business centers are connected to the computers of the data center through the communication interface;
  • the computer at the point of sale only sells electricity and does not process other services.
  • the computer in the base business center can process all the services, and the computer in the data center does not perform specific business operations, only receives business data, and performs report output and analysis;
  • the business data of the computer that sells the electricity point is transmitted to the computer of the base business center, the computer of the base business center processes the computer and then distributes it to the computer of the sales point under it, and the computer of the base business center transmits the data to the computer of the data center. .
  • Each of the computers at each of the points of sale has an independent database operation.
  • the computer of the data center and the computer of the base business center are respectively existed independently or as a whole.
  • the CPU card power business management system includes a system login module, a contract establishment module, a power sale module, a modification contract module, a customer account module, a meter change module, a patch card module, a card maintenance module, a meter reading module, a data backup module, Data transmission module, handheld computer communication module and various parameter setting modules.
  • system login module logs in to the system through the system login module, the system determines the operation performed by the user, and then selects to enter each of the following execution modules according to the determination result;
  • the contract module is established to establish a power contract.
  • the input data item is first judged, and the error or non-conformity data is found, and the system gives an error prompt message; if the data meets the requirements, the system Writing the settlement mode of the pre-stored CPU card prepaid energy meter to the user card, and saving the user information and the parameters of the CPU card prepaid energy meter to the database;
  • the user purchases the electricity amount or the electricity amount into the user card, and saves the business data to the database;
  • Modify the contract module when the user's power contract information is modified, all the change information before and after the change is recorded in the database;
  • the account cancellation module first saves the latest information in the prepaid power meter of the pre-dealer user's CPU card in the database, and then terminates the power contract. If the power consumption abnormality is found, the power supply contract is terminated after the abnormality is processed first;
  • the change table module when the user's CPU card prepaid energy meter needs to be replaced, first reads the test card that has been swapped out or exchanged data to obtain the old electric energy meter information, and saves the data returned by the test card to the database. If there is information in the test card that has been swapped into the energy meter, the new power meter number is directly displayed. If there is no meter input file in the card, the meter number of the replaced power meter is selected in the inventory table;
  • the card replacement module after the user card is lost, replenishes the card to the user who has lost the user card, first queries the user according to the conditions, and then displays the basic information of the user, and the administrator selects the method of replenishing the card according to the information provided by the client, Select a new card number and finally save the card record in the database;
  • the card maintenance module first queries the user according to the information provided by the user, then displays all the power purchase records of the user, and finally processes the power purchase records one by one;
  • the meter reading module, the CPU card electricity business management system saves the valid data in the test card to the database, and then clears the meter reading data in the test card;
  • Data backup module to back up data
  • the data transmission module uploads the data in the computer of each sales point to the computer of the base business center, and after the summary, the computer of the base business center issues a file to the computer of each sales point under it, and the computer of the base business center Transfer the data to the computer in the data center;
  • the handheld computer communication module acquires the data read in the handheld computer and saves the data to the database.
  • the system login module first compares the last operation exit time of the system with the current time of the system. If the last operation time is greater than or equal to the current time of the system, the system is not allowed to enter; and then the operator number entered by the login personnel is verified to exist. If it is correct, if there is no input operator number will give a prompt; if the operator password input error continues for a predetermined number of times, the system will not allow login.
  • the CPU card power business management system further includes:
  • a dictionary management module that stores basic information commonly used by the system
  • the electricity price management module pre-records business processing fee (handling fee) information and establishes default parameter information of the electric energy meter set by the electricity contract;
  • the meter parameter setting module modifies the operating parameters in the electric energy meter by modifying the user card or the detecting card;
  • a card reader setting module which sets a connection parameter of a card reader of the CPU card
  • the CPU card is sent out to the library module, and the parameters of the inbound and outbound ports of each power selling point in the CPU card power business management system are set;
  • the function card making module creates a user card to make it a new user card; it can also make a test card to make a meter reading card, a meter change card or a setting card.
  • Run the parameter setting module first read the user card or query, find the basic information of the user and some parameter information in the user's CPU card prepaid energy meter, and then change the electric energy table in the database according to the value of each parameter provided by the customer. Parameters, and then the new parameters will be written to the CPU purchase card used in the next purchase.
  • the monthly data transfer module performs data carry-over every month.
  • the last month's sales data and meter reading data are transferred to the electricity sales history data table and the meter reading history data table respectively.
  • the system is started, it is checked whether the data last month has been Carry forward, if there is no carry-over, the administrator is required to carry out monthly data carry-over;
  • the query module the administrator selects the query condition, selects the output order according to the relationship of the selection condition, and queries the qualified data according to the output order, and generates a report;
  • Report module Statistics and print sales information.
  • the CPU card power business management system further includes:
  • the tampering processing module first reads the user card, obtains the electric meter identification number on the user card, and the time of the total tampering, and then calculates the maximum possible power of the stolen electricity according to the load control threshold, and the administrator determines the thief according to relevant regulations.
  • the overload trip recovery module can obtain the basic information of the user's energy meter by reading the user card or query. After the purchase is completed, use this module to rewrite the data label in the card. When the user card and the CPU card prepaid energy meter exchange data, the actual overload trip times in the energy meter can be cleared to restore the user's power purchase.
  • the advantages of the CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention are: It is a complete power sales system. After the user installs the prepaid energy meter, the user can open the account through the base business center to obtain the CPU card loaded to the prepaid energy meter.
  • the power management department sells electricity through the distributed point of sale, and the user uses the CPU.
  • the card can purchase electricity from any point of sale, thereby realizing the user's prepaid electricity, and the CPU card electricity business management system can manage the power flow, ensure the correctness of the billing, and can also steal electricity. Processing, in addition, as an option, you can use the handheld computer for timing and meter reading, improve efficiency and reduce labor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a network architecture diagram of a CPU card sales point business system in the CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a business function diagram of a CPU card power business management system of the CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a complete system architecture of a CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system according to the present invention.
  • the CPU card prepaid time-sharing electric energy meter system includes: a CPU card prepaid electric energy meter 1, a CPU card 2, a CPU card selling point business system 3, a CPU card power business management system 4 (for managing a CPU card selling point) Business system 3), handheld computer 5 or meter reader, and power meter protection circuit 6.
  • the CPU card prepaid electric energy meter 1 is responsible for measuring the electric energy, receiving the pre-purchased electric quantity, the load threshold and the like transmitted from the CPU card 2, and writing the power consumption, the maximum demand and the like to the CPU card 2;
  • the CPU card 2 is a medium for transferring data between the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 and the CPU card selling point business system 3, and the CPU card selling point business system 3 and the CPU card power business management system 4 complete the writing of the pre-order to the CPU card 2.
  • CPU card electricity business management system 4 completes new user registration, processes and records the obtained electricity charges and management information; CPU card sales point business system 3 only for daily sales and data transmission business;
  • the computer 5 performs calibration and data copying. When the handheld computer 5 is not used, the meter reader manually reads the meter; wherein the power meter protection circuit 6 provides power-off protection for the time-sharing energy meter system, and the data is before the power-off. Save it.
  • the Pocket PC 5 uses the TP800.
  • the Pocket PC 5 subsystem is a program running on the TP800 that completes the functions of calibration and meter reading.
  • CPU card 2 is based on Time COS smart card, CPU card 2 design adopts system compatible design scheme, DDSYF23A, DDSYF23B, DDSYF23C, DDSYF23D four types of energy meters all use the same structure of CPU card 2. Different data is stored in the CPU card 2 according to different types of the energy meter, and the CPU card power business management system 4 uses the corresponding field information according to the table type in the database. In the unused field, it is set to zero when the card is initialized and purchased.
  • the CPU card 2 includes the following three types:
  • User card A carrier that transfers power purchase information, power consumption information, and management information between the CPU card sales point business system 3 and the energy meter.
  • PSAM Terminal Security Control Module
  • Test card held by the power company personnel, used for meter reading, changing tables, setting parameters.
  • the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 has four settlement modes.
  • the four modes are: AOH ordinary power; BOH amount multi-rate; COH power multi-rate; DOH ladder price.
  • the CPU card electricity business management system 4 can simultaneously manage four types of settlement cards of the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1, namely DDSYF23A, DDSYF23B, DDSYF23C, DDSYF23D four types of electric energy meters.
  • AOH ordinary electricity billing electric energy meter (DDSYF2 3A): When the user is using electricity, the remaining power is decremented by 0.01 kWh, and the user load is automatically cut off when the remaining power is zero. In this mode, a single rate meter is used, and the CPU card power business management system 4 writes each purchase power amount to the user card, and the power meter accepts the power purchase amount in the user card.
  • BOH multi-rate billing electric energy meter (DDSYF23B): According to the electricity price of each rate period, the electricity consumption cost is calculated at 0.01kWh, and the remaining amount is decremented. When the remaining amount is zero, the user's load power is automatically cut off.
  • COH electricity multi-rate billing electric energy meter (DDSYF23C): According to the electric energy meter, the actual electricity consumption of each rate period is different, and the CPU card sales point business system 3 is set at the rate of electricity price and user when the user purchases electricity.
  • the power consumption of each card at the rate period of the card is used for accounting and processing. After processing the powers of each rate period that have been copied back according to the principle of multi-returning and less compensation, the remaining purchase amount is converted into the electricity amount and written into the user card according to the pre-agreed rate electricity price, and the user card is loaded into the CPU card.
  • Prepaid energy meter 1 is included.
  • the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 is used to decrement the remaining power by 0.01 kWh. When the remaining power is zero, the user load is automatically cut off.
  • DOH ladder price settlement electric energy meter (DDSYF2 3D):
  • the CPU card sales point business system 3 writes the purchase amount to the user card after processing the tax and other miscellaneous charges according to the user's delivery amount, and then the user card loads the purchase amount into the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1
  • the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 performs the power purchase amount decrement processing according to the actual monthly power consumption of the user and the monthly power consumption price agreed in advance, and automatically cuts off the user load power when the remaining amount is zero.
  • FIG. 2 is a network architecture diagram of a CPU card power business management system 4 in a CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention, including a computer 32 of a plurality of point-of-sale points, and a computer 34 of a plurality of base-level service centers. And a computer 36 in the data center.
  • the computer 34 of each base business center connects a plurality of computers 32 of the point of sale via a communication interface, and the computers 34 of all the base business centers are connected to the computer 36 of the data center via a communication interface.
  • the computer 34 of the basic business center can do all the business functions, such as opening an account, purchasing electricity, replenishing cards, card maintenance, meter reading, and the like.
  • Each base business center needs at least two computers, and the computers form a LAN (local area network) network.
  • the configuration of the handheld computer is optional.
  • the computer 36 of the data center does not perform specific business operations, only receives business data, performs report output, analysis, and the like.
  • the CPU card power business management system 4 is a hierarchical, distributed, and scalable system.
  • the distributed characteristic is that the computer 32 of each point of sale has an independent database operation, and does not depend on the network when selling electricity, so that even if the computer 32 of a certain point of sale cannot sell electricity due to some fault, It will affect the operation of the computer 32 of other power-selling points.
  • the daily business data must be transmitted to the upper-level unit, that is, the computer 34 of the base-level business center, to ensure that the user can purchase any other power at the next purchase.
  • the computer 32 of the electrical point is performed. Its scalability is reflected in its smallest operating unit is a set of power sales main system (BCS, Basic) running on the computer 34 of the base business center.
  • BCS power sales main system
  • the communication mode of the computer 32 of the point of sale, the computer 34 of the base business center, and the computer 36 of the data center may be selected by PSTN, GSM-GPRS, or CDMA.
  • PSTN is the most economical way.
  • the computer 36 of the data center, the computer 34 of the base business center, and the computer 32 of the point of sale are in turn in a subordinate relationship. Communication is only performed between the upper and lower levels, and there is no cross-level communication: the computer 32 of the point of sale is in two-way communication with the computer 34 of the base business center, and the computer 34 of the base business center and the computer 36 of the data center are one-way. Communication.
  • the computer 34 of the base business center and the computer 32 of the point of sale point usually do not exceed 30 km, so that the data can be manually transmitted when the PSTN/GSM/CDMA fails. There is no limit to the distance between the computer 34 of the base business center and the computer 36 of the data center, but there must be PSTN/GSM/CDMA or better communication between them.
  • the computer 32 of the point of sale and the computer 34 of the base business center exchange at least once a day to facilitate the purchase of electricity by the computer 32 of the computer 34 of the base business center at any of the points of sale.
  • the number of days between the computer 34 of the base business center and the computer 36 of the data center is determined according to actual needs, but should be delivered at least once a month.
  • the data transmitted by the computer 34 of the base business center to the computer 32 of the point of sale is the customer profile data.
  • the data transmitted by the computer 34 of the grassroots business center to the DC is all business data, including power sales, replenishment cards, capacity expansion, changing customer data, meter reading, and the like. Data transfer takes place as a data file.
  • the computer 36 of the data center and the computer 34 of the base business center may exist independently or be combined into one.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the CPU card power business management system 4 of the CPU card prepaid time-sharing energy meter system of the present invention, including the following modules:
  • the system restricts the login permission of the system through the login module.
  • the system login module compares the last operation exit time of the system with the current time of the system. If the last operation time is greater than or If it is equal to the current time of the system, it is considered that the time of the system is changed artificially, which will cause damage to the system, so it is not allowed to enter the system; verify whether the operator number entered by the login personnel exists, whether the password is correct (the default password is blank), if the database The operator number without input will give a prompt; if the operator password input error reaches 3 consecutive times, the system will not allow login; when changing the password, the operator must enter the number, the old password and the information in the database. And the new password and the confirmation password must be modified to allow modification.
  • the basic information commonly used by the system employee, address 1, address 2, address 3, computer information of the data center, computer information of the base business center, energy meter type, power property, customer type, document type, Card type, reason for changing the form, payment method, reason for contract termination, bank, station change, line, stamp tax parameters
  • the basic information commonly used by the system employee, address 1, address 2, address 3, computer information of the data center, computer information of the base business center, energy meter type, power property, customer type, document type, Card type, reason for changing the form, payment method, reason for contract termination, bank, station change, line, stamp tax parameters
  • the electricity price management module pre-records the electricity price information and the default parameter information of the electric energy meter set for facilitating the administrator to establish the electricity contract, including: electricity price number, name, electric energy meter type, electricity property, electricity price, fee 1, fee 2 , cost 3, cost 4 is enabled, modified, including tax and electricity unit price, minimum purchase amount, pre-alarm threshold, alarm threshold, hoarding threshold, monthly electricity base, overdraft threshold, ⁇ ⁇ threshold, power load control threshold, Information such as the number of overloaded power failures; it is also possible to generate a list of print data from the already recorded information;
  • the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 can modify the running parameters in the table through the user card or the detecting card, including: display item duration, maximum demand calculation mode (slip or periodic), demand calculation period and slip Difference window time, automatic settlement date and time, whether the weekday is powered off, audible alarm time, time interval that cannot be powered off (cannot be powered off start time, cannot be powered off), no power off date, manual wheel option, automatic wheel Options and settings for electricity rates or rates for different billing modes;
  • the user card can be created to become a new user card; the test card can also be made to become a meter reading card, a meter change card or a setup card.
  • Run the parameter setting module first read the user card or query, find the basic information of the user and some parameter information in the user's CPU card prepaid energy meter, and then change the electric energy table in the database according to the value of each parameter provided by the customer. Parameters, and then the new parameters will be written to the CPU purchase card used in the next purchase.
  • the parameter information of the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 and the user's basic data information used by the user are established by this function module, and other various business functions will refer to the basic information established by the local office.
  • the input data item can be judged. If the error or non-conformity data is found, the system should give the error prompt information; if the data meets the requirements, the system will settle the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 The mode is written into the user's user card, and the user information and the parameters of the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 are saved in the database;
  • This module is to modify the user's power contract information, but not all information is allowed to change. All information before and after the change must be recorded in the file, and the change information before and after the modification can be listed as a data list;
  • this module is required to be used for account cancellation.
  • the meter Before the account is closed, the meter should be read first, and the latest information in the user's CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 can be saved before the power contract can be terminated. If the power is abnormal, it should be handled before the customer can be closed.
  • the user card Read the user card, obtain the meter ID (identification) number on the user card, and the time (minutes) of the total power stealing. Then calculate the power of the stolen electricity according to the load control threshold. The administrator determines the power stealing according to relevant regulations. The electricity price and the penalized multiple of the electricity price, get the penalty that actually needs to be paid;
  • Basic information about the user's energy meter is obtained by reading the user card or query. After the purchase is completed, use this module to rewrite the data label in the card. When the user card and the CPU card prepaid energy meter exchange data, the actual overload trip times in the energy meter can be cleared to restore the user's power purchase.
  • the user who has lost the user card can be replenished by this module.
  • the user is queried according to the conditions, and the basic information of the user will be displayed, including the old card number, and the administrator needs to select the card number of the new card.
  • the administrator chooses the method of replenishing the card according to the information provided by the customer (the lost user card has been loaded or not loaded) (if the power supply card is installed or not installed), if the information provided by the user is incorrect, the new The card will not load properly into the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1.
  • the card registration system will be saved in the database and the replacement card can be printed;
  • this module is the same as the replacement card. The difference is that the replacement card can only process the last data, and the card maintenance can process all the purchase records one by one;
  • the equivalent amount of money is deducted from the value-added tax and various miscellaneous fees, and the amount of electricity purchased or the amount of electricity is written into the user card, and the business data is recorded in the database.
  • the input data item (mainly pre-purchased power or pre-purchased electricity amount) can be judged, and the error or non-conformity data is found, and the system gives an error message; the system can input the administrator.
  • the purchase information is stored in the database and can be printed out of the purchase invoice. It is also possible to modify the data on the un-loaded user card at the same point of sale on the day of purchase, and record both the modified and modified information in the database.
  • the CPU card prepaid energy meter 1 can be infra-red meter reading by using the detection card and the palmtop computer 5.
  • This module displays the data copied in the handheld computer 5 for analysis and storage, excluding the temperature compensation portion;
  • This module is used to save valid data in the test card to the database, and can clear the meter reading data after the data is saved;
  • the test card that has been swapped in or out of data can be read to obtain the old electric energy meter information, and the data returned by the test card is saved in the database; if the information of the electric energy meter has been exchanged in the test card, the information is directly The new energy meter table number is displayed. If there is no meter input file in the card, you need to select the new power meter number to be swapped in the inventory table.
  • the administrator selects the query conditions (date, table number, name, address, etc.), selects the output order according to the relationship of the selection conditions, and queries the qualified data according to the output order, and generates a report.
  • the fields generated by the report can be selected by the user;
  • the system provides a fixed date, a month or year, whether to include history to query information, you can choose the grouping method and the type of report to generate the report.
  • the resulting report can be printed directly or a preview generated. And you can choose the fields of the report.

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Abstract

一种CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，包括CPU卡预付费电能表（1）、CPU卡（2）、CPU卡密钥管理系统、CPU卡售电点营业系统（3）、CPU卡用电营业管理系统（4）、掌上电脑（5）；CPU卡预付费电能表（1）进行电能的计量，接收CPU卡（2）中的数据，并将数据返写到CPU卡（2）中；CPU卡密钥管理系统对CPU卡（2）中的密钥进行分配和管理；CPU卡售电点营业系统（3）完成向CPU卡（2）写入数据；CPU卡用电营业管理系统（4）运行于CPU卡售电点营业系统（3），处理并记录获得的电费及管理信息；掌上电脑（5）进行校时及抄数据；CPU卡预付费电能表（1）进行购电金额递减处理，在剩余金额为零时自动切断用户负载用电。该系统可采用DOH阶梯电价结算方式，提高效率，减少劳动量。

Description

CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统
【技术领域】
本发明是关于一种电能计量系统，特别是指一种CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统。
【背景技术】
目前，民用生活用电和工业用电大都采用传统的感应式电能表进行计量，用电管理方法为人工抄表，记录每月用电量，先用电，后交费，随着用电量的不断增大，这种电能计量管理方法显示出许多缺点，最主要的就是电费收取难的问题。用户先用电就意味着电力管理部门需预付电费，然后再向用户收费所使用的电费，而由于各种原因，目前很难做到按时收取电费，甚至出现大量收不到电费的情形，给电力管理部门造成巨大的经济损失，并且一次次的催缴电费也极大的浪费了人力物力。另外，对于窃电者，传统的电能表由于自身的原理和结构等原因，无法防止窃电，从而造成电费的进一步损失。
【发明内容】
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种智能化的、可以实现预付费的、并且是一个完整售电管理系统的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统。
本发明是通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题的：一种CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，包括CPU卡预付费电能表、CPU卡、CPU卡用电营业管理系统、CPU卡用电营业管理系统、掌上电脑和掌上电脑抄表系统，以及电能表保护电路；
其中CPU卡预付费电能表进行电能的计量，接收CPU卡中传来的数据，并将数据返写到CPU卡中；
CPU卡是CPU卡预付费电能表与CPU卡用电营业管理系统之间传递数据的介质，CPU卡用电营业管理系统完成向CPU卡写入数据；
其中CPU卡用电营业管理系统完成新用户注册，处理并记录获得的电费及管理信息；
通过使用掌上电脑中的掌上电脑抄表系统可以对电能表进行校时及抄读数据，当没有使用掌上电脑时，抄表员可持抄表卡进行人工抄表；
其中电能表保护电路为分时电能表系统提供断电保护，并在断电前对所述数据进行保存；
CPU卡售电点营业系统根据用户交付金额在处理完税金等杂费后将购电金额写入用户卡，再由用户卡把购电金额装载到CPU卡预付费电能表中，CPU卡预付费电能表根据用户实际月用电量和事先已协议好的月用电阶梯电价进行购电金额递减处理，在剩余金额为零时自动切断用户负载用电。
该发明可进一步具体为：
所述CPU卡为基于Time COS的智能卡，包括下述三种类型：
用户卡：用户在CPU卡用电营业管理系统和CPU卡预付费电能表之间传递购电信息、用电信息、电能表运行参数的载体；
终端安全控制模块卡：售电员持有，安装于CPU卡用电营业管理系统的服务网点，完成对用户卡的身份识别；
检测卡：电力公司人员持有，用于对电能表进行抄表，换表，设置参数。
所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统包括复数个售电点的计算机、复数个基层业务中心的计算机，以及数据中心的计算机，每个基层业务中心的计算机通过通信接口连接复数个售电点的计算机，所有基层业务中心的计算机通过通信接口连接到数据中心的计算机；
所述售电点的计算机只进行售电，不处理其它业务，基层业务中心的计算机能对所有的业务进行处理，数据中心的计算机不进行具体的业务操作，只接收业务数据，进行报表输出和分析；
述售电点的计算机的业务数据传输到基层业务中心的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机处理后再分发给其下的售电点的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机将数据再传到数据中心的计算机。
所述每个售电点的计算机都有独立的数据库运行。
所述数据中心的计算机以及基层业务中心的计算机是分别独立存在或者为一个整体。
所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统包括系统登录模块、建立合同模块、售电模块、修改合同模块、销户模块、换表模块、补卡模块、卡维护模块、抄表模块，数据备份模块、数据传输模块、掌上电脑通讯模块以及各项参数设置模块。
所述系统登录模块，通过系统登录模块登陆系统后，系统判断用户执行的操作，然后根据判断结果选择进入下述各相应的执行模块；
建立合同模块，用来建立用电合同，在操作员输入数据时首先对所输入的数据项进行判断，发现有错误或不符合条件的数据，系统给出错误提示信息；如果数据符合要求，系统将其中预存的CPU卡预付费电能表的结算模式写到用户卡中，并将用户信息和CPU卡预付费电能表的参数保存到数据库中；
售电模块，建立用电合同后，将用户购电金额或电量写入到用户卡中，并将业务数据保存到数据库中；
修改合同模块，当对用户的用电合同信息进行修改时，将所有更改前后的变更信息都记入保存到数据库中；
销户模块，首先将销户前用户的CPU卡预付费电能表中的最新信息保存在数据库，然后终止用电合同，若发现用电异常，先处理异常后再终止用电合同；
换表模块，当用户的CPU卡预付费电能表需要更换的时候，首先读取已发生换出或换入数据的检测卡来获取旧电能表信息，并将检测卡返回的数据保存到数据库中；如果检测卡中已有换入电能表的信息，则直接将新电能表表号显示出来，如果卡中无换入电表文件，则在库存表中选择所换入的电能表表号；
补卡模块，当用户卡丢失之后，给已丢失用户卡的用户补卡，首先根据条件查询该用户，然后显示该用户的基本信息，管理员根据客户提供的信息来选择补卡的方式，重新选取一个新卡号，最后将补卡记录保存在数据库中；
卡维护模块，首先根据用户提供的信息查询该用户，然后显示该用户的所有购电记录，最后对购电纪录进行逐条处理；
抄表模块，CPU卡用电营业管理系统将检测卡中的有效的数据保存到数据库中，之后将检测卡中的抄表数据清空；
数据备份模块，将数据进行备份；
数据传输模块，将各个售电点的计算机中的数据上传到基层业务中心的计算机，汇总后由基层业务中心的计算机下发文件到其下的每个售电点的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机再将数据传送到数据中心的计算机；
掌上电脑通讯模块，获取掌上电脑中所抄读的数据，并将数据保存到数据库中。
所述系统登录模块首先将系统最后一次操作退出时间和系统当前时间进行比较，如果最后操作时间大于或等于系统当前时间，则不允许进入系统；然后验证登录人员输入的操作员编号是否存在，密码是否正确，如果无输入的操作员编号将给出提示；如果操作员密码输入错误连续达到预定的次数，系统将不允许登录。
所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统还包括：
字典管理模块，存储系统常用到的基本信息；
电价管理模块，预先记录业务处理费用(手续费)信息和建立用电合同所设置的电能表的默认参数信息；
电表参数设置模块，通过修改用户卡或检测卡，对电能表里的运行参数进行修改；
读卡器设置模块，设置CPU卡的读卡器的连接参数；
CPU卡出入库模块，设置CPU卡用电营业管理系统中每个售电点所出入库的参数；
功能卡制作模块，对用户卡进行制作，使其成为一张新用户卡；也可以对检测卡进行制作，使其成为抄表卡、换表卡或设置卡。
运行参数设置模块，首先通过读取用户卡或查询，找到用户的基本信息和用户的CPU卡预付费电能表中一些参数信息，然后根据客户提供的各个参数的值来更改数据库中该电能表的参数，再将新的参数在下次购电式写入到用的的CPU购电卡中。
月数据转结模块，每月进行数据结转，将上月售电数据和抄表数据分别转存到售电历史数据表和抄表历史数据表中，在启动系统时检查上月数据是否已经结转，若没有结转，提示管理员需要进行月数据结转；
查询模块，管理员通过选择查询条件，根据选择条件的关系，选择输出顺序，将符合条件的数据根据输出顺序查询出来，并生成报表；
报表模块，统计和打印售电业务信息。
所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统还包括：
窃电处理模块，首先读用户卡，获取用户卡上的电表标识号和本次累计窃电的时间，然后根据负荷控制门限来计算出所窃电的最大可能电量，由管理员根据相关规定确定窃电的电价和惩罚的电价倍数，得到实际需要缴纳的惩罚金。
超负荷跳闸次数恢复模块，通过读取用户卡或查询，得到用户电能表的基本信息。在本次购电结束后，使用本模块改写卡中的数据标示。待用户卡和CPU卡预付费电能表进行数据交换时，可以将电能表中的实际超负荷跳闸次数清零，恢复用户购电。
本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统的优点在于： 是一个完整的售电系统，用户安装好预付费电能表后，通过基层业务中心开户取得装载至预付费电能表的CPU卡，电能管理部门通过分布式的售电点进行售电，用户使用CPU卡即可以从任一售电点购电，从而实现用户的预付费用电，并且CPU卡用电营业管理系统可以对用电的流程进行管理，保证计费的正确性，同时可以对窃电进行处理，另外，作为选择，可以使用掌上电脑进行校时和抄表，提高效率，减少劳动量。
【附图说明】
下面参照附图结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
图1是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统的系统架构示意图。
图2是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统中的CPU卡售电点营业系统网络架构图。
图3是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统的CPU卡用电营业管理系统的业务功能图。
【具体实施方式】
请参阅图1，是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统的完整系统架构示意图。该CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统包括：CPU卡预付费电能表1、CPU卡2、CPU卡售电点营业系统3、CPU卡用电营业管理系统4(用来管理CPU卡售电点营业系统3)、掌上电脑5或者抄表员，以及电能表保护电路6。
其中CPU卡预付费电能表1负责电能的计量，接收CPU卡2中传来的预购电量，负荷门限等数据，并将用电量，最大需量等数据返写到CPU卡2中；CPU卡2是CPU卡预付费电能表1与CPU卡售电点营业系统3之间传递数据的介质，CPU卡售电点营业系统3和CPU卡用电营业管理系统4完成向CPU卡2写入预购电量，负荷门限等数据；CPU卡用电营业管理系统4完成新用户注册，处理并记录获得的电费及管理信息；CPU卡售电点营业系统3只进行日常售电业务和数据传输业务；掌上电脑5进行校时及抄数据，当没有使用掌上电脑5时，抄表员人工抄表；其中电能表保护电路6为分时电能表系统提供断电保护，并在断电前对所述数据进行保存。
以下将详细介绍上述各组成部分的功能及工作原理。
1、掌上电脑5
掌上电脑5使用TP800。掌上电脑5子系统为一个运行于TP800的程序，完成校时和抄表的功能。
2、CPU卡2
CPU卡2为基于Time COS的智能卡，CPU卡2设计采用系统兼容设计方案，DDSYF23A、DDSYF23B、DDSYF23C、DDSYF23D四种类型的电能表都采用同样结构的CPU卡2。根据电能表的不同类型使用不同的数据存储在CPU卡2中，CPU卡用电营业管理系统4根据数据库中的表类型使用相应的字段信息。在不使用的字段中，在卡片初始化和购电时都设置为零。
CPU卡2包括下述三种类型：
用户卡：CPU卡售电点营业系统3和电能表之间传递购电信息、用电信息、管理信息的载体。
PSAM(终端安全控制模块)卡：售电员持有，使用于CPU卡售电点营业系统3的服务网点，完成对用户卡的身份识别。
检测卡：电力公司人员持有，用于抄表，换表，设置参数。
3、CPU卡预付费电能表1
CPU卡预付费电能表1共有四种结算模式，四种模式分别为：AOH普通电量；BOH金额多费率；COH电量多费率；DOH阶梯电价。该CPU卡用电营业管理系统4，可以同时管理四种结算模式的CPU卡预付费电能表1，即DDSYF23A、DDSYF23B、DDSYF23C、DDSYF23D四种类型的电能表。
AOH普通电量结算的电能表(DDSYF2 3A)：用户用电时，按0.01kWh进行剩余电量递减，在剩余电量为零时自动切断用户负载用电。在此模式时采用单一费率计量，CPU卡用电营业管理系统4向用户卡中写入每次的购电电量，电能表接受用户卡中的购电量。
BOH金额多费率结算的电能表(DDSYF23B)：根据每个费率时段的电价不同，按0.01kWh进行一次用电费用计算，递减剩余金额。在剩余金额为零时自动切断用户负载用电。
COH电量多费率结算的电能表(DDSYF23C)：根据电能表实际每个费率时段的用电量不同，由CPU卡售电点营业系统3在用户购电时按设置的费率电价和用户卡抄回的各费率时段的用电量进行售电核算和处理。在按多退少补的原则处理完已经抄回的各费率时段电量后，再按事先协议好的费率电价把剩余购电金额折算成电量写入用户卡，由用户卡装载到CPU卡预付费电能表1中。而CPU卡预付费电能表1按0.01kWh进行用递减剩余电量。在剩余电量为零时自动切断用户负载用电。
DOH阶梯电价结算的电能表(DDSYF2 3D)：CPU卡售电点营业系统3根据用户交付金额在处理完税金等杂费后将购电金额写入用户卡，再由用户卡把购电金额装载到CPU卡预付费电能表1中，CPU卡预付费电能表1根据用户实际月用电量和事先已协议好的月用电阶梯电价进行购电金额递减处理，在剩余金额为零时自动切断用户负载用电。
4、CPU卡用电营业管理系统4
请参阅图2，是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统中的CPU卡用电营业管理系统4网络架构图，包括复数个售电点的计算机32、复数个基层业务中心的计算机34，以及数据中心的计算机36。每个基层业务中心的计算机34通过通信接口连接复数个售电点的计算机32，而所有基层业务中心的计算机34通过通信接口连接到数据中心的计算机36。
其中售电点的计算机32只进行售电，不处理其它业务，每个售电点需要至少一台计算机。推荐增加一台备用计算机。
基层业务中心的计算机34能做所有的业务功能，如开户，购电，补卡，卡维护，抄表等。每个基层业务中心需要至少两台计算机，计算机间组成LAN(局域网)网络，配置掌上电脑是可选择的。
数据中心的计算机36不进行具体的业务操作，只接收业务数据，进行报表输出，分析等。
该CPU卡用电营业管理系统4是一个分层次的、分布式的、可扩展的系统。其分布式特性体现在每个售电点的计算机32都有独立的数据库运行，售电时不依赖于网络，这样，即使某个售电点的计算机32因某种故障不能售电，也不会影响到其它售电点的计算机32的运行，当然，每天的业务数据都必须传输到上一级单位，即基层业务中心的计算机34，以保证用户下次购电时可在其它任意的售电点的计算机32进行。其可扩展性体现在其最小的运行单元是一套运行在基层业务中心的计算机34上的售电主系统(BCS，Basic Computer Station)，在此基础上向下可设立多个售电点(SP，Selling Point)的计算机，运行售电子系统，向上可将业务数据传递到数据中心(DC，Data Center)的计算机，数据中心可为多级，如城市数据中心，省(州)数据中心，国家数据中心。其分层性体现在数据逐层上传，售电点的计算机32将数据传到基层业务中心的计算机34，基层业务中心的计算机34将数据再传到数据中心的计算机36。其中运行售电子系统的售电点的计算机32不是必须的，通常用于郊区售电或代理售电。
售电点的计算机32、基层业务中心的计算机34，以及数据中心的计算机36的通信方式可选用PSTN、GSM-GPRS，CDMA。通常PSTN是最经济的方式。数据中心的计算机36、基层业务中心的计算机34，以及售电点的计算机32依次为上下级关系。通信只在上下级之间进行，不跨级通信：售电点的计算机32与基层业务中心的计算机34之间是双向通信，基层业务中心的计算机34与数据中心的计算机36之间是单向通信。基层业务中心的计算机34与售电点的计算机32之间通常不超过30km，以方便PSTN/GSM/CDMA发生故障时可以通过人工传递数据。基层业务中心的计算机34与数据中心的计算机36之间距离不限，但之间必须有PSTN/GSM/CDMA或更好的通信方式。售电点的计算机32与基层业务中心的计算机34之间每天至少交换一次，以方便该基层业务中心的计算机34下的客户可在其任一售电点的计算机32购电。基层业务中心的计算机34与数据中心的计算机36之间根据实际需要决定多少天传递一次，但应每月至少传递一次。基层业务中心的计算机34传递到售电点的计算机32的数据为客户档案数据。基层业务中心的计算机34传递到DC的数据为所有业务数据，包括售电、补卡、增容、更改客户资料，抄表等等。数据传递以数据文件的方式进行。
根据CPU卡用电营业管理系统4的大小，数据中心的计算机36、基层业务中心的计算机34可以独立存在或者合并为一个整体。
5、CPU卡用电营业管理系统4
请参阅图3，是本发明CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统的CPU卡用电营业管理系统4的组成模块图，包括下述模块：
5.1系统登录模块
为了保证数据的安全，系统通过登录模块限制系统的登录权限，当程序启动后，进入系统登陆模块，该系统登陆模块将系统最后一次操作退出时间和系统当前时间进行比较，如果最后操作时间大于或等于系统当前时间，则认为是人为更改了系统的时间，会对系统造成破坏，所以不允许进入系统；验证登录人员输入的操作员编号是否存在，密码是否正确(默认密码为空)，如果数据库中无输入的操作员编号将给出提示；如果操作员密码输入错误连续达到3次，系统将不允许登录；修改密码时必须保证操作员输入的编号、旧密码和数据库中的信息相对应，并且所要修改之后新密码和确认密码一致才允许进行修改。
5.2字典管理模块
系统登陆以后，将系统常用到的基本信息(员工，地址1，地址2，地址3，数据中心的计算机信息，基层业务中心的计算机信息，电能表类型，用电性质，客户类型，证件类型，卡类型，换表原因，付款方式，合同终止原因，银行，台变，线路，印花税参数)预先输入到字典中，方便数据的管理和维护；
5.3电价管理模块
该电价管理模块预先记录了电价信息和为了方便管理员建立用电合同所设置的电能表的默认参数信息，包括：电价编号，名称，电能表类型，用电性质，电价，费用1、费用2、费用3、费用4是否启用、修改、含税和用电单价，最低购电金额，预报警门限，报警门限，囤积门限，月用电底数，透支门限，赊欠门限，用电负荷控制门限，超负荷断电次数等信息；还可以将已经纪录的信息，生成打印数据列表；
5.4电表参数设置模块
CPU卡预付费电能表1可以通过用户卡或检测卡对表里的运行参数进行修改，包括：显示项持续时间，最大需量计算方式(滑差式或周期式)，需量计算周期和滑差窗口时间，自动结算日期时间，周休日是否断电，声音报警时间，不能断电的时间区间(不能断电开始时间，不能断电结束时间)，不能断电日期，手动轮选项，自动轮选项和针对不同结算模式的电价或费率的设置等；
5.5读卡器设置模块
5.6 CPU卡出入库模块
5.7功能卡制作模块
可以对用户卡进行制作，使其成为一张新用户卡；也可以对检测卡进行制作，使其成为抄表卡、换表卡或设置卡。
制作用户卡时，不需要填写结算模式和参数等信息；制作检测卡则需要选择该检测卡将用于何种结算模式的CPU卡预付费电能表1，当检测卡的作用是设置CPU卡预付费电能表1的参数时(设置卡)，还需要选择比CPU卡预付费电能表1中已有的版本号更高的设置信息。
5.8运行参数设置模块
运行参数设置模块，首先通过读取用户卡或查询，找到用户的基本信息和用户的CPU卡预付费电能表中一些参数信息，然后根据客户提供的各个参数的值来更改数据库中该电能表的参数，再将新的参数在下次购电式写入到用的的CPU购电卡中。
5.9建立合同模块
用户所使用的CPU卡预付费电能表1的参数信息和用户的基本资料信息由这个功能模块建立，其它各种业务功能都将引用本处建立的基本信息。
在操作员输入数据时可以对所输入的数据项进行判断，发现有错误或不符合条件的数据，系统应给出错误提示信息；如果数据符合要求，系统将CPU卡预付费电能表1的结算模式写到用户的用户卡中，并将用户信息和CPU卡预付费电能表1的参数保存到数据库中；
5.10修改合同模块
本模块就是对用户的用电合同信息进行修改，但不是所有的信息都允许更改。所有更改前后的信息都必须记入档案，并可以将修改前后的变化信息列成数据清单；
5.11销户模块
当用户由于某种原因愿意终止用电合同时，需使用本模块进行销户。销户前应先抄表，将用户的CPU卡预付费电能表1中的最新信息保存后才能够终止用电合同。发现用电异常，应先处理异常后才能销户。
5.12窃电处理模块
读用户卡，获取用户卡上的电表ID(标识)号和本次累计窃电的时间(分钟)，然后根据负荷控制门限来计算出所窃电的电量，由管理员根据相关规定确定窃电的电价和惩罚的电价倍数，得到实际需要缴纳的惩罚金；
5.13超负荷跳闸次数恢复模块
通过读取用户卡或查询，得到用户电能表的基本信息。在本次购电结束后，使用本模块改写卡中的数据标示。待用户卡和CPU卡预付费电能表进行数据交换时，可以将电能表中的实际超负荷跳闸次数清零，恢复用户购电。
5.14补卡模块
当用户卡丢失之后，可以通过本模块给已丢失用户卡的用户补卡。根据条件查询该用户，该用户的基本信息将会显示出来，包括旧卡号，需要管理员选择新卡的卡号。管理员根据客户提供的信息(已丢失的用户卡已装表或未装表)来选择补卡的方式(已装电补卡或未装电补卡)，如果用户提供的信息不正确，新卡将不能正常地装入CPU卡预付费电能表1。对补卡记录系统将会保存在数据库中，并可以打印补卡单据；
5.15卡维护模块
本模块功能和补卡一样都是对丢失的数据进行处理，不同之处在于补卡只能够对最后一次的数据进行处理，而卡维护可以对所有的购电纪录进行逐条处理；
5.16售电模块
收取用户的现金或支票，将等额的钱扣除所要缴纳的增值税和各种杂费之后，将购电金额或电量写入到用户卡中，并将业务数据记入数据库中。
在操作员输入数据时可以对所输入的数据项(主要是预购电量或预购电金额)进行判断，发现有错误或不符合条件的数据，系统给出错误提示信息；系统能够将管理员输入的购电信息保存在数据库中，并能够打印出购电发票。还能够对未装表的用户卡上的数据在购电当天的同一售电点进行修改，并把修改前和修改后的信息都记录在数据库中。
5.17数据备份模块
为了保障数据安全，建议系统操作人员每天将数据进行备份。如果系统数据遭到破坏，可以恢复前一天备份的数据库，以降低由于售电数据丢失或破坏而造成的损失；
5.18数据传输模块
为了能够实现数据的汇总管理和能够在同一基层业务中心的计算机34下的任一售电点的计算机32售电，需要每天将各个售电点的计算机32中的数据进行上传到基层业务中心的计算机34，汇总后由基层业务中心的计算机34下发文件到其下的每个售电点的计算机32，以实现互联售电；
5.19月数据转结模块
为了提高售电时的数据处理速度，每月进行数据结转。将上月售电数据和抄表数据分别转存到售电历史表和抄表历史数据表中，以实现系统售电的快速运作，在启动系统时应检查上月数据是否已经结转，若没有结转，提示管理员需要进行月数据结转；
5.20掌上电脑通讯模块
CPU卡预付费电能表1可以通过使用检测卡和掌上电脑5红外抄表。本模块就是将掌上电脑5中所抄的数据进行显示以供分析和保存，不包括温度补偿部分；
5.21抄表模块
此模块是用于将检测卡中的有效的数据保存到数据库中，并在数据保存之后可以将抄表数据清空；
5.22换表模块
当用户的CPU卡预付费电能表1由于某种原因需要更换的时候，首先用检测卡换出旧电能表的信息，然后再将检测卡中旧电能表的信息换入所安装的新电能表中。并且需要将新旧表的表号保存到数据库中。
可以读取已发生换入或换出数据的检测卡来获取旧电能表信息，并将检测卡返回的数据保存到数据库中；如果检测卡中已有换入电能表的信息，则直接将此新电能表表号显示出来，如果卡中无换入电表文件，还需要在库存表中选择所换入的新电能表表号。
5.23查询模块
管理员通过选择查询条件(日期、表号、姓名、地址等)，根据选择条件的关系，选择输出顺序，将符合条件的数据根据输出顺序查询出来，并生成报表。报表生成的字段可以由用户自行选择；
5.24报表模块
可统计和打印每天、每月及给定时间范围内的售电业务信息；
系统提供按固定的日期，某个月份或年，是否包括历史记录来查询信息，可以选择分组方式和报表的类型来产生报表。可以将产生的报表直接打印或生成预览。并可以对报表的字段进行选择。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是熟悉本技术领域的技术人员应当理解，我们所描述的具体的实施例只是说明性的，而不是用于对本发明的范围的限定，熟悉本领域的技术人员在依照本发明的精神所作的等效的修饰以及变化，都应当涵盖在本发明的权利要求所保护的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：包括CPU卡预付费电能表、CPU卡、CPU卡用电营业管理系统、CPU卡用电营业管理系统、掌上电脑和掌上电脑抄表系统，以及电能表保护电路；
    其中CPU卡预付费电能表进行电能的计量，接收CPU卡中传来的数据，并将数据返写到CPU卡中；
    CPU卡是CPU卡预付费电能表与CPU卡用电营业管理系统之间传递数据的介质，CPU卡用电营业管理系统完成向CPU卡写入数据；
    其中CPU卡用电营业管理系统完成新用户注册，处理并记录获得的电费及管理信息；
    通过使用掌上电脑中的掌上电脑抄表系统对电能表进行校时及抄读数据，当没有使用掌上电脑时，抄表员进行人工抄表；
    其中电能表保护电路为分时电能表系统提供断电保护，并在断电前对所述数据进行保存；
    CPU卡售电点营业系统根据用户交付金额在处理完税金等杂费后将购电金额写入用户卡，再由用户卡把购电金额装载到CPU卡预付费电能表中，CPU卡预付费电能表根据用户实际月用电量和事先已协议好的月用电阶梯电价进行购电金额递减处理，在剩余金额为零时自动切断用户负载用电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述CPU卡为基于Time COS的智能卡，包括下述三种类型：
    用户卡：用户在CPU卡用电营业管理系统和CPU卡预付费电能表之间传递购电信息、用电信息、管理信息的载体；
    终端安全控制模块卡：售电员持有，使用于CPU卡售电点营业系统的服务网点，完成对用户卡的身份识别；以及
    检测卡：电力公司人员持有，用于抄表，换表，设置参数。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统包括复数个售电点的计算机、复数个基层业务中心的计算机，以及数据中心的计算机，每个基层业务中心的计算机通过通信接口连接复数个售电点的计算机，所有基层业务中心的计算机通过通信接口连接到数据中心的计算机；
    所述售电点的计算机只进行售电，不处理其它业务，基层业务中心的计算机能做所有的业务功能，数据中心的计算机不进行具体的业务操作，只接收业务数据，进行报表输出，分析；
    所述售电点的计算机的业务数据传输到基层业务中心的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机处理后再分发给其下的售电点的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机将数据再传到数据中心的计算机。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述每个售电点的计算机都有独立的数据库运行。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述数据中心的计算机以及基层业务中心的计算机是分别独立存在或者为一个整体。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统包括系统登录模块、建立合同模块、售电模块、修改合同模块、销户模块、换表模块、补卡模块、卡维护模块、抄表模块，数据备份模块、数据传输模块、掌上电脑通讯模块以及各项参数设置模块。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述系统登录模块，通过系统登录模块登陆系统后，系统判断用户执行的操作，然后根据判断结果选择进入下述各相应的执行模块；
    建立合同模块，用来建立用电合同，在操作员输入数据时首先对所输入的数据项进行判断，发现有错误或不符合条件的数据，系统给出错误提示信息；如果数据符合要求，系统将其中预存的CPU卡预付费电能表的结算模式写到用户卡中，并将用户信息和CPU卡预付费电能表的参数保存到数据库中；
    售电模块，建立用电合同后，将用户购电金额或电量写入到用户卡中，并将业务数据保存到数据库中；
    修改合同模块，当对用户的用电合同信息进行修改时，将所有更改前后的变更信息都记入保存到数据库中；
    销户模块，首先将销户前用户的CPU卡预付费电能表中的最新信息保存在数据库，然后终止用电合同，若发现用电异常，先处理异常后再终止用电合同；
    换表模块，当用户的CPU卡预付费电能表需要更换的时候，首先读取已发生换出或换入数据的检测卡来获取旧电能表信息，并将检测卡返回的数据保存到数据库中；如果检测卡中已有换入电能表的信息，则直接将新电能表表号显示出来，如果卡中无换入电表文件，则在库存表中选择所换入的电能表表号；
    补卡模块，当用户卡丢失之后，给已丢失用户卡的用户补卡，首先根据条件查询该用户，然后显示该用户的基本信息，管理员根据客户提供的信息来选择补卡的方式，重新选取一个新卡号，最后将补卡记录保存在数据库中；
    卡维护模块，首先根据用户提供的信息查询该用户，然后显示该用户的所有购电记录，最后对购电纪录进行逐条处理；
    抄表模块，CPU卡用电营业管理系统将检测卡中的有效的数据保存到数据库中，之后将检测卡中的抄表数据清空；
    数据备份模块，将数据进行备份；
    数据传输模块，将各个售电点的计算机中的数据上传到基层业务中心的计算机，汇总后由基层业务中心的计算机下发文件到其下的每个售电点的计算机，基层业务中心的计算机再将数据传送到数据中心的计算机；
    掌上电脑通讯模块，获取掌上电脑中所抄读的数据，并将数据保存到数据库中。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述系统登录模块首先将系统最后一次操作退出时间和系统当前时间进行比较，如果最后操作时间大于或等于系统当前时间，则不允许进入系统；然后验证登录人员输入的操作员编号是否存在，密码是否正确，如果无输入的操作员编号将给出提示；如果操作员密码输入错误连续达到预定的次数，系统将不允许登录。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统还包括：
    字典管理模块，存储系统常用到的基本信息；
    电价管理模块，预先记录电价信息和建立用电合同所设置的电能表的默认参数信息；
    电表参数设置模块，通过修改用户卡或检测卡，对电能表里的运行参数进行修改；
    读卡器设置模块，CPU卡读卡器的连接参数；
    CPU卡出入库模块，设置CPU卡售电点营业系统中每个计算机的CPU卡出入库的参数；
    功能卡制作模块，对用户卡进行制作，使其成为一张新用户卡；也可以对检测卡进行制作，使其成为抄表卡、换表卡或设置卡；
    运行参数设置模块，首先通过读取用户卡或查询，找到用户的基本信息和用户的CPU卡预付费电能表中一些参数信息，然后根据客户提供的各个参数的值来更改数据库中该电能表的参数，再将新的参数在下次购电式写入到用的CPU购电卡中；
    月数据转结模块，每月进行数据结转，将上月售电数据和抄表数据分别转存到售电历史表和抄表历史数据表中，在启动系统时检查上月数据是否已经结转，若没有结转，提示管理员进行月数据结转；
    查询模块，管理员通过选择查询条件，根据选择条件的关系，选择输出顺序，将符合条件的数据根据输出顺序查询出来，并生成报表；
    报表模块，统计和打印售电业务信息。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的CPU卡预付费分时电能表系统，其特征在于：所述CPU卡用电营业管理系统还包括：
    窃电处理模块，首先读用户卡，获取用户卡上的电表标识号和本次累计窃电的时间，然后根据负荷控制门限来计算出所窃电的最大可能电量，由管理员根据相关规定确定窃电的电价和惩罚的电价倍数，得到实际需要缴纳的惩罚金；
    超负荷跳闸次数恢复模块，通过读取用户卡或查询，得到用户电能表的基本信息。在本次购电结束后，使用本模块改写卡中的数据标示，待用户卡和CPU卡预付费电能表进行数据交换时，可以将电能表中的实际超负荷跳闸次数清零，恢复用户购电。
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