WO2017025048A1 - 自动分合闸小型断路器 - Google Patents

自动分合闸小型断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017025048A1
WO2017025048A1 PCT/CN2016/094612 CN2016094612W WO2017025048A1 WO 2017025048 A1 WO2017025048 A1 WO 2017025048A1 CN 2016094612 W CN2016094612 W CN 2016094612W WO 2017025048 A1 WO2017025048 A1 WO 2017025048A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
linkage
circuit breaker
tripping
turbine
closing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/094612
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑文秀
郑逸扬
钱江波
Original Assignee
宏秀电气有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201520602080.8U external-priority patent/CN205004283U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510491282.4A external-priority patent/CN105097372B/zh
Application filed by 宏秀电气有限公司 filed Critical 宏秀电气有限公司
Priority to EP16834672.4A priority Critical patent/EP3196915B1/en
Priority to US15/759,182 priority patent/US10622178B2/en
Publication of WO2017025048A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017025048A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1054—Means for avoiding unauthorised release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/70—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
    • H01H2003/266—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor having control circuits for motor operating switches, e.g. controlling the opening or closing speed of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H2071/008—Protective switches or relays using micromechanics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H2071/109—Operating or release mechanisms with provisions for selecting between automatic or manual reset
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H2071/665—Power reset mechanisms the reset mechanism operating directly on the normal manual operator, e.g. electromagnet pushes manual release lever back into "ON" position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/024—Miscellaneous with inductive switch

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of miniature circuit breakers, and particularly relates to an automatic opening and closing miniature circuit breaker.
  • the State Grid Corporation requires intelligent power supply networks. Therefore, the terminal actuator of the power supply network, the miniature circuit breaker (or miniature circuit breaker), needs to perform the tripping and closing functions of the upper end signal. Therefore, the current development trend of miniature circuit breakers is that in addition to the traditional manual opening and closing and overcurrent overload automatic tripping functions, it also needs to have an electric opening and closing function (commonly known as automatic opening and closing function) to achieve remote control; It is a combination of a smart meter, which realizes the automatic tripping and power-off of the arrears, and the function of automatic closing and power-off.
  • an electric opening and closing function commonly known as automatic opening and closing function
  • the electric circuit breaker miniature circuit breaker has the defects of complicated structure, easy failure and incomplete function, which cannot meet the needs of the power company. Therefore, it is the field that the structure is continuously improved to meet the increasing requirements of customers. The focus and difficulty of the technicians.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an automatic opening and closing miniature circuit breaker capable of realizing automatic power-off and power-off of arrears, automatic charging, and preventing the user from owing a private closing.
  • an automatic opening and closing miniature circuit breaker comprising a circuit breaker body and an automatic opening and closing drive mechanism;
  • the circuit breaker body includes one to four circuit breakers;
  • each circuit breaker includes a molded case and a minute Closing handle and operating mechanism;
  • a spindle hole is arranged at a rotating center of each opening and closing handle;
  • the automatic opening and closing driving mechanism comprises a housing, a driving motor with a driving turbine, a linkage turbine, a linkage gear, an output spindle and a tripping a linkage member; one end of the output spindle is fixedly disposed at the center of the linkage gear, and the other end protrudes out of the housing and is inserted into the spindle hole of each of the opening and closing handles;
  • the operating mechanism of each circuit breaker includes the tripping trip linkage lever and the opening gate Tripping linkage groove;
  • the plastic shell wall body is provided with a linkage hole; and the opening and closing linkage rod of a circuit breaker
  • the outer peripheral wall of the gear drive portion and the wall portion adjacent to the convex portion of the cam linkage portion are provided with a plurality of drive teeth that are fitted to the interlocking gear.
  • the linkage turbine, the linkage gear and the trip linkage are respectively rotatably disposed in the housing, and the respective rotation center axes of the linkage turbine, the linkage gear and the trip linkage are parallel to each other, and the output spindle and the tripping trip are interlocked.
  • the central axis of the rod is also parallel to the central axis of rotation of the linkage turbine;
  • the transmission rod portion is provided with a transmission contact surface for abutting on the outer peripheral wall of the cam linkage in the linkage turbine, on which the reset notch is disposed.
  • the outer peripheral lines of the concave portion and the convex portion are circular arcs having concentric and different radii, the radius of the outer peripheral line of the convex portion is larger than the radius of the outer peripheral line of the concave portion; the outer peripheral line of the transition portion, One end of the concave portion is linear, and one end connected to the convex portion is curved.
  • the reset groove is concave toward the tangential direction of the outer peripheral line of the concave portion.
  • the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism is further provided with a limiting sleeve, which is sleeved on the tripping tripping rod inserted into the housing, and the linkage of the tripping member is The lever part realizes the quick tripping and opening action by dialing the limit sleeve or the tripping trip linkage rod.
  • the lever part dials the tripping trip linkage rod to realize the quick trip opening action.
  • the end of the lever portion is further provided with a limiting angle, and the lever portion is used to toggle and lock the tripping tripping lever through the limiting angle.
  • the circuit of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism is further provided with a circuit board having a central control circuit; the linkage turbine is further provided with an induction magnet, and the circuit board is provided with two inductions matched with the induction magnet.
  • the switch, the induction magnet triggers a corresponding inductive switch as the associated turbine rotates to a preset position.
  • the invention has the following technical effects: (1) The invention can realize remote signal control closing and opening, and can judge whether the miniature circuit breaker is fault trip, arrears trip or manual trip. When the user owes a fee, the brake can be remotely controlled; when the user charges the fee, the switch can be remotely controlled. After the remote control of the miniature circuit breaker is opened, it is locked. It cannot be closed by manually pulling the small circuit breaker handle. It can only be closed by remote control. When the remote control is closed, it can be manually pulled by the small circuit breaker handle. Arbitrarily open and close.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of an automatic opening and closing drive mechanism in the miniature circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the miniature circuit breaker of FIG. 1 after removing a part of the molded case;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of the miniature circuit breaker shown in Figure 4 when viewed from another angle;
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 2 after removing the electroscope spring and the feed spring;
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the linkage turbine of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 2;
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of the linkage turbine shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of the interlocking turbine shown in Figure 8 when viewed from another angle;
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of the trip linkage of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 2;
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of the trip linkage shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the trip linkage shown in Figure 11 when viewed from another angle;
  • Figure 14 is a front elevational view of the circuit board of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 7;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 7 in a normal use state
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism shown in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 7 in the state of arrears opening;
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view showing the structure of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism shown in Figure 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of FIG. 7 in a state of charging and unlocking an instant;
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view showing the structure of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism shown in Figure 19;
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural view of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of Figure 7 in a charge-closing state
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view showing the structure of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism shown in Figure 20.
  • the embodiment is an automatic opening and closing miniature circuit breaker, including a circuit breaker body 2 and an automatic opening and closing drive mechanism 1; in this embodiment, the circuit breaker body includes two circuit breakers 20 (also Called a miniature circuit breaker or miniature circuit breaker). In a specific practice, the number of miniature circuit breakers combined into a circuit breaker body may be arbitrarily selected from one to four, depending on specific needs.
  • each circuit breaker includes a molded case 21, a opening and closing handle 22, a moving contact, a static contact, an operating mechanism 25, an incoming terminal 26, a power outlet terminal 27, and an arc extinguishing mechanism. 28; a spindle hole 221 is provided at the center of rotation of each of the opening and closing handles;
  • the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker includes a tripping trip linkage rod 251 and a tripping trip linkage slot 252; the plastic shell wall body is provided with a linkage hole 211, and when the two circuit breakers are adjacent, one of the circuit breakers is interlocked and tripped After the rod passes through the corresponding linkage hole, it is inserted into the trip trip linkage slot in the other circuit breaker; in this embodiment, the trip linkage linkage trip in a circuit breaker far from the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism The rod passes through the corresponding linkage hole and is inserted into the tripping linkage groove in a circuit breaker which is closer to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism.
  • Each trip trip linkage lever has two state positions. The first is that when the circuit breaker is closed, its trip trip linkage lever is in the quasi-trip position; the second is when the breaker is opened, the trip gate is off.
  • the circuit breaker is in the closing state, if the tripping trip linkage lever is turned to the original position, the operating mechanism will drive the opening and closing handle to open the brake (commonly called tripping);
  • the circuit breaker is in the open state, if the opening and closing handle is not pulled, only the attempt to open the tripping linkage lever to the quasi-tripping position is not possible, and the closing action cannot be achieved;
  • the linkage lever even if the external force will pull the opening and closing handle to the closing position, the operating mechanism can not perform the closing action, the dynamic and static contacts can not be closed, and once the external force is removed, the opening and closing handle will automatically return to the opening position. Therefore, in the open state, by locking the tripping trip linkage lever, the circuit breaker can not achieve the closing action.
  • the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism 1 includes a housing 3, a drive motor 4 provided with a drive turbine 41, a linkage turbine 5, a linkage gear 6, an output spindle 7, and a trip linkage 8; a sectional shape of the output spindle in this embodiment
  • the triangle is selected; the linkage turbine, the linkage gear and the trip linkage are respectively rotatably disposed in the housing, and the respective rotation center axes of the linkage turbine, the linkage gear and the trip linkage are parallel to each other, and the output spindle and the tripping trip linkage are respectively
  • the central axis is also parallel to the central axis of rotation of the linkage turbine; one end of the output spindle is inserted and fixed at the center of the linkage gear, and the other end extends out of the housing and is inserted into the spindle hole of each of the opening and closing handles; in this embodiment, Because the cross-sectional shape of the output main shaft in the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism is a triangle, the shape of the main shaft
  • the opening and closing tripping lever of one of the circuit breakers adjacent to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism extends into the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism; the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism can be tripped by dialing the opening and closing linkage The rod causes each circuit breaker to perform a quick opening action simultaneously;
  • the interlocking turbine is provided with a turbine follower portion 51, a gear drive portion 52, and a cam linkage portion 53, a turbine follower portion, a gear drive portion, and the like from the one end to the other end in the direction of the central axis of rotation thereof.
  • Cam linkage unit is concentrically set a turbine tooth 511 adapted to drive the turbine is disposed on the entire outer peripheral wall of the turbine driven portion; the cam linkage portion is sequentially provided with a reset groove 531, a concave portion 532, a transition portion 533 and a convex portion 534 along the outer circumference thereof; a plurality of driving teeth 521 adapted to the interlocking gear are disposed on the wall adjacent to the convex portion of the outer peripheral wall and the cam linkage portion; the plurality of driving teeth 521 and the convex portion of the cam linkage portion in the embodiment 534, the position of each peripheral wall, the center angle of the clip, and the arc length are substantially the same, and the structure can ensure that the convex portion and the interlocking tooth reach the angle substantially at the same time.
  • the outer peripheral lines of the concave portion 532 and the convex portion 534 are arcs that are concentric and have different radii, and the radius of the outer peripheral line of the convex portion is larger than the radius of the outer peripheral line of the concave portion;
  • the outer peripheral line has a linear end at one end connected to the concave portion, and an end connected to the convex portion is curved;
  • the reset groove 531 is preferably concave toward a tangential direction of the outer peripheral line of the concave portion.
  • the trip linkage is provided with a rotation center hole 81, a transmission rod portion 82 and a lever portion 83.
  • the transmission rod portion is provided with a transmission for abutting on the outer peripheral wall of the cam linkage portion in the linkage turbine.
  • the contact surface 821 is provided with a reset notch 822; the trip linkage is rotatably disposed in the housing by a pin inserted in the central opening of the rotation.
  • the circuit breaker body is fixedly attached to the rail through a bottom wall provided with a card rail, and the device is provided.
  • One side of the opening and closing handle is used as the front side facing the user to facilitate moving the opening and closing handle; one side end of the power feeding terminal is provided as the top end, and one side end of the power discharging terminal is provided as the bottom end
  • the other two sides are respectively a left end and a right end; according to the state of the arrangement, the left side wall of the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of the embodiment is provided with a tripping interlocking hole 31 and The electric groove 33 and the plurality of electric holes 32 are provided.
  • the tripping trip linkage rod 251 of a circuit breaker adjacent to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism extends through the trip linkage hole 31 into the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism.
  • a limiting sleeve 36 is further disposed in the housing, and the limiting sleeve is sleeved on the opening trip linkage rod 251 inserted into the housing, and the lever portion 83 of the linkage releasing member can pass the limit The sleeve 36 or the tripping trip linkage rod 251 realizes a quick trip opening action.
  • the preferred lever portion 83 is used to trigger the tripping trip linkage lever 251 to realize the quick trip opening action.
  • the end of the lever portion 83 in this embodiment is further provided with a limiting angle 831.
  • the outer side edge of the limiting angle is obtuse, and the lever portion 83 is used to move and lock the tripping trip linkage rod through the limiting angle 831. 251.
  • the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism is further provided with a circuit board 9 having a central control circuit; the linkage turbine is further provided with a mounting hole 535, and an induction magnet 84 is embedded in the mounting.
  • the circuit board is provided with two inductive switches 91 matched with the induction magnet, and the induction magnet triggers the phase when the linkage turbine rotates to a preset position.
  • An inductive switch should be provided to give a signal to the central control circuit, and the central control circuit can determine the rotational position of the linked turbine based on the change in the signal.
  • the front side of the housing is provided with a toggle switch 34 for activating or deactivating the central control circuit; the upper end of the housing is provided with a signal connection terminal 35, and the central control circuit is connected to the signal connection terminal 35.
  • the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism of this embodiment further includes an electric inlet spring 92 and two electroscope springs 93; the electric spring is electrically connected to the circuit board and the electric connection wiring in a circuit breaker adjacent to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism a terminal, the power feeding spring is used for receiving power from the circuit breaker, and is used for providing working power to the circuit board; each of the electrical inspection springs is electrically connected to the circuit board and the power outlet terminal in each circuit breaker, and each power inspection spring is used for The power is taken from each circuit breaker for the central control circuit to judge whether the circuit breaker is in the closing or opening state. When the power detecting spring is energized, the corresponding circuit breaker can be considered to be in the closing state. When the power detecting spring is not energized, It is considered that the corresponding circuit breaker is in the open state. In practice, the number of feed springs and electroscope springs may depend on the specific needs of the circuit control.
  • the circuit board in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of electrical contacts 94, which are solder joints, solder holes or copper plates disposed on the circuit board. Since the outer peripheral edge of the soldering hole on the conventional circuit board is coated with an annular conductive layer, it can be used as an electrical contact. Therefore, the preset soldering hole on the circuit board is preferably used as the electrical contact.
  • the feed spring 92 in this embodiment adopts a zigzag structure
  • the middle portion is a linear rod body 923, and one end is used for abutting.
  • a first threaded spring body 921 on a respective electrical contact on the circuit board the other end being a second threaded spring body for abutting on a conductive member in a circuit breaker adjacent to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism 922
  • the conductive component needs to be electrically connected to the power input terminal in the circuit breaker.
  • the linear rod body 923 of the feed spring 92 is embedded in the power receiving recess 33 to prevent it from obstructing the side-by-side mounting of the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism and the molded case adjacent to a circuit breaker.
  • the electroscope spring 93 in this embodiment adopts a linear thread spring structure, one end of which abuts a corresponding one of the electrical contacts on the circuit board, and the other end abuts on the conductive component in each circuit breaker, and the conductive component needs to be The power outlet terminals in the circuit breaker are electrically connected.
  • a further preferred solution is to add a power receiving column 95 to one end or both ends of the power feeding spring and the power detecting spring; in this embodiment, the middle end portion of the power receiving column is cylindrical, and one center is provided at each end. a stud, one end of the stud is inserted into the corresponding one on the circuit board as a soldering hole for the electrical contact, and the other end is inserted into the first threaded spring body 921 of the electric spring or into the electroscope spring; And have better conductivity and positioning properties.
  • the operating mechanism of a circuit breaker adjacent to the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism includes an electromagnetic trip mechanism 254 having a metal frame 253, the metal frame and the power input terminal in the circuit breaker being electrically connected; One end of the spring abuts on a corresponding one of the electrical contacts, and the other end sequentially passes through the housing of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism and the open circuit
  • the molded case of the device is abutted on the metal frame; the arc extinguishing mechanism in each circuit breaker is provided with an arc extinguishing chamber 283, an upper pilot arc piece 281 electrically connected to the power feeding terminal, and a connection with the power outlet terminal.
  • each lower pilot piece is provided with a flat connecting plate portion 284 perpendicular to the arc indicating plate and parallel to the circuit board, and one end of each electroscope spring abuts on a corresponding one of the electrical contacts The other end abuts on a power board portion.
  • the working process of this embodiment is as follows: firstly, the signal connection terminal 35 and the external smart meter are connected through the signal line, and the toggle switch 34 on the front surface of the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism housing is moved to the "on" position, so that the center The control circuit works normally.
  • the present embodiment is in a normal use state, and each circuit breaker is in a closed state, and the tripping trip linkage rod 251 in each circuit breaker is in a quasi-tripping position;
  • the transmission contact surface 821 of the linkage member 8 abuts on the transition portion 533 of the cam linkage portion 53 of the interlocking turbine 5, and the limit angle 831 of the lever portion 83 of the trip linkage member 8 is not applied to the trip trip linkage lever 251.
  • the driving force 521 of the gear driving portion 52 of the interlocking turbine is not in contact with the interlocking gear at this time, and the interlocking gear is substantially in a clutching state with the interlocking turbine.
  • the automatic opening and closing drive mechanism does not hinder the rotation of the opening and closing handle in the circuit breaker body.
  • the opening and closing handle can freely perform the opening and closing operations, that is, the manual division can be freely performed. Closing operation.
  • the embodiment is in a state of arrears opening, and each circuit breaker is in an open state; when the user owes a fee, the external smart meter sends a signal to the central control circuit on the circuit board; the driving motor Rotating, the driving turbine 41 drives the interlocking turbine to rotate; the interlocking turbine rotates clockwise from the position shown in Fig. 15, and the convex portion 534 in the cam linkage portion also rotates clockwise, due to the radius of the outer peripheral line of the convex portion
  • the radii of the outer peripheral line of the transition portion 533 are larger than the outer peripheral line of the transition portion 533.
  • the rod is jumped from the quasi-tripping position to the original position, so that each circuit breaker is instantaneously switched from the opening state to the tripping state, thereby realizing the abrupt quick tripping action; when the tripping tripping linkage moves to the original position, the lever is removed
  • the linkage also locks the tripping trip linkage to the original position through its limit angle; at this time, if the opening and closing handle is pulled to the closing position by external force, once the external force is removed, the opening and closing handle will automatically Revert to the opening position, so the closing action cannot be realized; if the toggle switch is turned off, the tripping trip linkage lever is still locked because the motor is powered off, and the user still cannot perform the manual closing motion. Therefore, this embodiment can effectively prevent the user from paying for power after the arrears.
  • this embodiment is in the state of charging and unlocking, and each circuit breaker is still in the open state; since the previous locking limit is used to open the tripping linkage rod, in order to close the switch, it is necessary to close the switch.
  • the unlocking linkage lever is unlocked: the driving motor rotates, and the turbine is driven to rotate by the turbine, so that the linkage turbine rotates from the position shown in FIG. 17 to the position shown in FIG.
  • the interaction between the reset slot 531 and the reset notch Lower, a corner of the convex portion adjacent to the reset slot 531 may be embedded in the reset notch of the trip linkage, so that the transmission contact surface 821 of the trip linkage can abut on the outer peripheral wall of the recess 532 of the cam linkage;
  • the lever portion can no longer continue to lock the tripping trip linkage lever, thereby realizing the charging and unlocking state, and ensuring that the circuit breaker does not trip during the closing process, that is, Ensure that the circuit breaker does not fail to close the gate during the closing process; in addition, if the current installation state is reversed due to the position of the circuit breaker itself, for example, the normal installation state is reversed.
  • the transmission contact surface 821 of the trip linkage fails to abut against the outer peripheral wall of the concave portion 532 of the cam linkage portion, and does not affect the unlocking effect, because when the charging and closing operation is performed in the next step, the opening is performed.
  • the trip linkage rod is moved from the original position to the quasi-trip position, and the trip release lever will push the limit angle of the trip linkage so that the transmission contact surface 821 of the trip linkage abuts against the recess 532 of the cam linkage.
  • the charging and closing states are completed, and each circuit breaker is in a closed state; since the locking of the tripping linkage lever is released before, the linkage turbine is shown in FIG. From the position, as the motor starts to drive the further rotation of the linkage turbine, the driving teeth on the linkage turbine mesh with the linkage gear, and then the linkage gear rotates, thereby driving the opening and closing handles of each circuit breaker to be closed by the output spindle. Action; thereafter, the drive motor continues to rotate, causing the linkage turbine to rotate to the position shown in FIG.
  • the circuit breaker When it is necessary to repair the user line, the circuit breaker needs to be in the open state. At this time, it is preferable to turn the toggle switch to the "off" position, which has the advantage of turning off the central control circuit and losing the ability to control the operation of the drive motor. To prevent the circuit breaker from being closed due to the remote signal control during the overhaul process, resulting in electric shock.
  • the invention has the following technical effects: (1) The embodiment can realize remote signal control closing and opening, and can determine whether the miniature circuit breaker is fault trip, arrears trip or manual trip. When the user owes a fee, the brake can be remotely controlled; when the user charges the fee, the switch can be remotely controlled. After the remote control of the miniature circuit breaker is opened, it is locked. It cannot be closed by manually pulling the small circuit breaker handle. It can only be closed by remote control. When the remote control is closed, it can be manually pulled by the small circuit breaker handle. Arbitrarily open and close. (2) When the user line needs to be repaired, the pull switch can be pulled to the closed position, the intelligent central control circuit is turned off, and the ability to remotely control the drive motor is lost.
  • the remote signal control loses control and cannot control the miniature circuit breaker to prevent the electric shock from being caused by the maintenance personnel during the maintenance.
  • the electrical connection is due to the selection of the electric spring and the electroscope spring.
  • the lead (polyvinyl chloride cable) connection needs to be soldered with a soldering iron, the assembly and disassembly process is complicated.
  • the invention utilizes the elasticity of the spring, and one end of the self or the electric pole is pressed on the contact contact of the circuit board, and the other end is also elasticized by the spring, or the electric arc of the miniature circuit breaker of the electric pole is connected Soldering iron is required for easy electrical connection, and the assembly and disassembly process is quick and convenient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
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Abstract

一种自动分合闸小型断路器，包括断路器本体(2)和自动分合闸驱动机构(1)；断路器本体包括一个至四个断路器；各断路器包括塑壳(21)、分合闸手柄(22)和操作机构(25)；各分合闸手柄的转动中心处设有主轴孔(221)；自动分合闸驱动机构包括壳体(3)、设有驱动涡轮(41)的驱动电机(4)、联动涡轮(5)、联动齿轮(6)、输出主轴(7)和脱扣联动件(8)；驱动电机通过驱动涡轮带动联动涡轮往复转动，联动涡轮通过其凸轮联动部(53)带动脱扣联动件在预设角度范围内往复转动，通过脱扣联动件的拨杆部(83)拨动分闸联动脱扣杆(251)进行快速分闸动作；联动涡轮通过其驱动齿(521)带动联动齿轮及输出主轴同步转动。本断路器能够实现欠费自动跳闸断电，充费能够实现自动送电，以及防止用户欠费私自合闸。

Description

自动分合闸小型断路器 技术领域
本发明属于小型断路器技术领域，具体涉及一种自动分合闸小型断路器。
背景技术
根据我国供电网络智能化的需求，国家电网公司要求供电网络智能化。因此，需要供电网络的终端执行机构——小型断路器(或微型断路器)执行上端信号具备跳闸、合闸功能。因此小型断路器目前的发展趋势是除了具备传统的手动分合闸及过流过载自动脱扣功能外，还需要具有电动分合闸功能(俗称自动分合闸功能)，以实现远程控制；尤其是结合智能电表，实现欠费自动跳闸断电，充费自动合闸送电的功能。
传统上的电动分合闸小型断路器，存在着结构较为复杂、易出故障和功能不全不能满足电力公司需求的缺陷，因此，对其结构进行不断改进以满足客户日益提升的要求，是本领域技术人员的工作重点和难点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够实现欠费自动跳闸断电，充费能够实现自动送电，以及防止用户欠费私自合闸的自动分合闸小型断路器。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是：一种自动分合闸小型断路器，包括断路器本体和自动分合闸驱动机构；断路器本体包括一个至四个断路器；各断路器包括塑壳、分合闸手柄和操作机构；各分合闸手柄的转动中心处设有主轴孔；自动分合闸驱动机构包括壳体、设有驱动涡轮的驱动电机、联动涡轮、联动齿轮、输出主轴和脱扣联动件；输出主轴的一端固定设置在联动齿轮的中心处，另一端伸出壳体并插入各分合闸手柄的主轴孔中；各断路器的操作机构包括分闸脱扣联动杆和分闸脱扣联动槽；塑壳壁体上设有联动孔；与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的分闸联动脱扣杆，伸入自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中；联动涡轮沿其转动中心轴线方向依次设有涡轮从动部、齿轮驱动部和凸轮联动部，且涡轮从动部、齿轮驱动部和凸轮联动部一体同心设置；涡轮从动部的整个外周壁上均设有与驱动涡轮适配的涡轮齿；凸轮联动部沿其外周依次设有复位槽、凹部、过渡部和凸部；齿轮驱动部的部分外周壁上设有与联动齿轮适配的多个驱动齿；脱扣联动件设有转动中心孔、传动杆部和拨杆部；传动杆部用于抵接在联动涡轮中凸轮联动部外周壁上，且传动杆部上设有复位缺口；驱动电机通过驱动涡轮带动联动涡轮往复转动，联动涡轮通过其凸轮联动部带动脱扣联动件在预设角度范围内往复转动，通过脱扣联动件的拨杆部拨动分闸联动脱扣杆进行快速分 闸动作；联动涡轮通过其驱动齿带动联动齿轮及输出主轴同步转动。
上述技术方案中，齿轮驱动部的外周壁和凸轮联动部中凸部邻接处的壁体上设有与联动齿轮适配的多个驱动齿。
上述技术方案中，联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自转动设置在壳体中，且联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自的转动中心轴线互相平行，输出主轴和分闸脱扣联动杆的中轴线也和联动涡轮的转动中心轴线互相平行；传动杆部设有用于抵接在联动涡轮中凸轮联动部外周壁上的传动接触面，复位缺口设置在该传动接触面上。
上述技术方案中，所述凹部和凸部的外周边线是同心且半径不同的圆弧，凸部外周边线的半径大于凹部外周边线的半径；所述过渡部的外周边线，其和凹部相连的一端呈直线状，其和凸部相连的一端呈弧线状。
上述技术方案中，复位槽朝着凹部外周边线的切线方向内凹。
上述技术方案中，自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中还设有设有限位套，该限位套用于套设在插入壳体中的分闸脱扣联动杆上，联动脱扣件的拨杆部通过拨动限位套或分闸脱扣联动杆实现快速脱扣分闸动作。
上述技术方案中，拨杆部拨动分闸脱扣联动杆实现快速脱扣分闸动作。
上述技术方案中，拨杆部的末端还设有限位角，拨杆部通过该限位角拨动和锁定分闸脱扣联动杆。
上述技术方案中，自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中还设有具有中央控制电路的电路板；联动涡轮上还设有感应磁铁，电路板上设有与该感应磁铁适配的两个感应开关，感应磁铁在随着联动涡轮转动至预设位置时触发相应一个感应开关。
上述技术方案中，两个断路器邻接时，其中一个断路器的分闸联动脱扣杆穿过相应联动孔后插设在另一个断路器中的分闸脱扣联动槽中。
本发明具有以下技术效果：(1)本发明能够实现远程信号控制合闸与分闸，且能判断出小型断路器是故障跳闸、欠费跳闸还是人工分闸等。当用户欠费时，可以远程控制分闸；当用户充费后，可以远程控制合闸。小型断路器远程控制分闸后属于锁死状态，不能通过人工扳动小型断路器手柄合闸，只能通过远程控制合闸；远程控制合闸状态时，可以通过人工扳动小型断路器手柄进行任意分闸、合闸。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种立体结构示意图；
图2为图1所示小型断路器中自动分合闸驱动机构的一种立体结构示意图；
图3为图2所示自动分合闸驱动机构的一种分解示意图；
图4为图1所示小型断路器在移除部分塑壳后的一种立体结构示意图；
图5为图4所示小型断路器从另一角度观察时的一种立体结构示意图；
图6为图5中A处的局部放大示意图；
图7为图2所示自动分合闸驱动机构在移除验电弹簧和进电弹簧后的一种爆炸图；
图8为图2所示自动分合闸驱动机构中联动涡轮的一种正视图；
图9为图8所示联动涡轮的一种立体结构示意图；
图10为图8所示联动涡轮从另一角度观察时的一种立体结构示意图；
图11为图2所示自动分合闸驱动机构中脱扣联动件的一种正视图；
图12为图11所示脱扣联动件的一种立体结构示意图；
图13为图11所示脱扣联动件从另一角度观察时的一种立体结构示意图；
图14为图7所示自动分合闸驱动机构中电路板的一种正视图；
图15为图7所示自动分合闸驱动机构在有费正常使用状态时的一种结构示意图；
图16为图15所示自动分合闸驱动机构的一种立体结构示意图；
图17为图7所示自动分合闸驱动机构在欠费分闸状态时的一种结构示意图；
图18为图17所示自动分合闸驱动机构的一种立体结构示意图；
图19为图7所示自动分合闸驱动机构在充费合闸解锁瞬间状态时的一种结构示意图；
图20为图19所示自动分合闸驱动机构的一种立体结构示意图；
图21为图7所示自动分合闸驱动机构在充费合闸状态时的一种结构示意图；
图22为图20所示自动分合闸驱动机构的一种立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
下面结合附图对本实施例进行详细描述。
见图1所示，本实施例是一种自动分合闸小型断路器，包括断路器本体2和自动分合闸驱动机构1；本实施例中，断路器本体包括两个断路器20(也叫小型断路器或微型断路器)。在具体实践中，根据具体需求，组合成断路器本体的小型断路器的数量可以在一个至四个中任意选择。
见图1至图7所示，各断路器包括塑壳21、分合闸手柄22、动触头、静触头、操作机构25、进电接线端子26、出电接线端子27和灭弧机构28；各分合闸手柄的转动中心处设有主轴孔221；
断路器的操作机构包括分闸脱扣联动杆251和分闸脱扣联动槽252；塑壳壁体上设有联动孔211，两个断路器邻接时，其中一个断路器的分闸联动脱扣杆穿过相应联动孔后插设在另一个断路器中的分闸脱扣联动槽中；本实施例中，是距离自动分合闸驱动机构较远的一个断路器中的分闸联动脱扣杆，穿过相应联动孔后插设在距离自动分合闸驱动机构较近的一个断路器中的分闸脱扣联动槽中。
各分闸脱扣联动杆具有两个状态位置，第一是当断路器合闸后，其分闸脱扣联动杆处于准脱扣位；第二是当断路器分闸时，其分闸脱扣联动杆处于原始位；当断路器处于合闸状态时，若将分闸脱扣联动杆向原始位拨动，将会导致操作机构带动分合闸手柄进行分闸(俗称跳闸)动作；当断路器处于分闸状态时，若不扳动分合闸手柄，仅试图将分闸脱扣联动杆向准脱扣位拨动，并不能够实现合闸动作；若此时锁定分闸脱扣联动杆，即使外力将分合闸手柄扳动至合闸位置，操作机构也不能进行合闸动作，动静触头也不能闭合，且一旦撤去外力，分合闸手柄将自动回复至分闸位置，故在分闸状态下，通过锁定分闸脱扣联动杆，可使断路器不能实现合闸动作。这些结构和技术效果是本领域技术人员的公知技术，故不再在此对操作机构的结构进行详细描述。
当断路器的数量是两个以上时，通过拨动其中一个分闸脱扣联动杆，即可同步带动其他所有分闸脱扣联动杆，进行同步分闸动作。
自动分合闸驱动机构1包括壳体3、设有驱动涡轮41的驱动电机4、联动涡轮5、联动齿轮6、输出主轴7和脱扣联动件8；本实施例中的输出主轴的截面形状选用三角形；联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自转动设置在壳体中，且联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自的转动中心轴线互相平行，输出主轴和分闸脱扣联动杆的中轴线也和联动涡轮的转动中心轴线互相平行；输出主轴的一端插设固定在联动齿轮的中心处，另一端伸出壳体并插入各分合闸手柄的主轴孔中；本实施例中，因为自动分合闸驱动机构中的输出主轴的截面形状是三角形，故主轴孔的形状选用三角形；在具体实践中，输出主轴的截面形状的选取还可以是菱形、矩形或其它的多边形，相应的主轴孔的形状也随其变化即可；只要使得输出主轴能够插入主轴孔，并能同步带动各分合闸手柄转动，均是可行的。
与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的分闸联动脱扣杆，伸入自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中；自动分合闸驱动机构可以通过拨动该分闸联动脱扣杆使得各断路器同步进行快速分闸动作；
见图8至图10所示，联动涡轮沿其转动中心轴线方向从一端到另一端依次设有涡轮从动部51、齿轮驱动部52和凸轮联动部53，涡轮从动部、齿轮驱动部和凸轮联动部一体同心设 置；涡轮从动部的整个外周壁上均设有与驱动涡轮适配的涡轮齿511；凸轮联动部沿其外周依次设有复位槽531、凹部532、过渡部533和凸部534；齿轮驱动部的外周壁和凸轮联动部中凸部邻接处的壁体上设有与联动齿轮适配的多个驱动齿521；本实施例中所述多个驱动齿521和凸轮联动部中的凸部534，各自所在外周壁的位置、所夹中心角和所处弧长上基本相同，这种结构可以保证凸部和联动齿基本上同时到达某角度处。
另外，本实施例中，所述凹部532和凸部534的外周边线是同心且半径不同的圆弧，且凸部外周边线的半径大于凹部外周边线的半径；所述过渡部533的外周边线，其和凹部相连的一端呈直线状，其和凸部相连的一端呈弧线状；所述复位槽531优选朝着凹部外周边线的切线方向内凹。在具体实践中，根据实际需求和各部件的尺寸，对上述结构关系进行适当的调整均是可行的，也在本发明所要求保护的范围内。
见图11至图13所示，脱扣联动件设有转动中心孔81、传动杆部82和拨杆部83；传动杆部设有用于抵接在联动涡轮中凸轮联动部外周壁上的传动接触面821，且该传动接触面上设有复位缺口822；脱扣联动件通过插设在其转动中心孔中的销轴转动设置在壳体中。
本实施例在置于电表箱中使用时，一般而言，由于电表箱中的导轨是沿水平线竖直设置；故断路器本体通过设有卡轨的底壁卡接固定在导轨上，其设有分合闸手柄的一侧面作为正面正对使用者，以便于搬动分合闸手柄；设有进电接线端子的一侧端作为顶端，设有出电接线端子的一侧端作为底端，另外两侧面分别作为左侧端和右侧端；按照此种置放状态，本实施例中的自动分合闸驱动机构中壳体的左侧壳壁上设有脱扣联动孔31、接电凹槽33和多个接电孔32。
见图2至图7所示，与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的分闸脱扣联动杆251穿过脱扣联动孔31伸入至自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中；壳体中还设有设有限位套36，该限位套用于套设在插入壳体中的分闸脱扣联动杆251上，联动脱扣件的拨杆部83可以通过拨动限位套36或分闸脱扣联动杆251实现快速脱扣分闸动作。本实施例是优选拨杆部83拨动分闸脱扣联动杆251实现快速脱扣分闸动作。另外，本实施例中的拨杆部83的末端还设有限位角831，限位角的外侧边线成钝角状，拨杆部83通过该限位角831拨动和锁定分闸脱扣联动杆251。
见图7和图14所示，自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中还设有具有中央控制电路的电路板9；联动涡轮上还设有安装孔535，一个感应磁铁84嵌置在该安装孔中；电路板上设有与该感应磁铁适配的两个感应开关91，感应磁铁在随着联动涡轮转动至预设位置时触发相 应一个感应开关，从而给中央控制电路一个信号，中央控制电路可根据信号的变化判断联动涡轮的转动位置。壳体的正面设有用于启动或关掉中央控制电路的拨动开关34；壳体的上端设有信号接线端子35，中央控制电路和信号接线端子35相连。
本实施例的自动分合闸驱动机构还包括一个进电弹簧92和两个验电弹簧93；进电弹簧电连接电路板以及与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的进电接线端子，该进电弹簧用于从该断路器中接电，用于为电路板提供工作电源；各验电弹簧电连接电路板以及各断路器中的出电接线端子，各验电弹簧用于从各断路器中取电，供中央控制电路判断断路器处于合闸还是分闸状态，当验电弹簧带电时，可认为相应的断路器处于合闸状态，当验电弹簧不带电时，可认为相应的断路器处于分闸状态。在具体实践中，进电弹簧和验电弹簧的数量可根据电路控制的具体需要而定。
具体来说，见图14所示，本实施例中的电路板上设有多个接电触点94，所述各接电触点是设置在电路板上的焊点、焊孔或铜片，因为传统电路板上的焊孔的外周边缘涂覆有环形的导电层，可以作为一个接电触点使用，故本实施例优选电路板上的预设焊孔作为接电触点。
本实施例中的进电弹簧92，为了避开驱动电机、联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件的安装位置，采用了Z字形结构方式，中间部分是直线杆体923，一端是用于抵接在电路板上相应一个接电触点上的第一螺纹弹簧体921，另一端是用于抵接在与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的导电部件上的第二螺纹弹簧体922，该导电部件需和该断路器中的进电接线端子电连接。进电弹簧92的直线杆体923嵌置在接电凹槽33中，防止其阻碍自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体和邻接一个断路器的塑壳的并排安装。
本实施例中的验电弹簧93采用直线螺纹弹簧结构，其一端抵接在电路板上相应一个接电触点，另一端抵接在各断路器中的导电部件上，该导电部件需和该断路器中的出电接线端子电连接。
进一步的优选方案是在进电弹簧和验电弹簧的一端或两端上加设接电柱95；本实施例中，接电柱的中端部分是圆柱状，两端中心处各设有一个凸柱，一端的凸柱插入电路板上相应一个作为接电触点的焊孔，另一端伸入进电弹簧的第一螺纹弹簧体921中或者伸入验电弹簧中；这种方案也是可行的，且具有更好的导电和定位性能。
本实施例中，与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器的操作机构包括具有金属框架253的电磁脱扣机构254，该金属框架和该断路器中的进电接线端子电连接；进电弹簧的一端抵接在相应一个接电触点上，另一端依次穿过自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体以及该断路 器的塑壳后抵接在该金属框架上；各断路器中的灭弧机构中设有灭弧室283、与进电接线端子电连接的上引弧片281以及与出电接线端子相连的下引弧片282；相应一个验电弹簧的一端抵接在相应一个接电触点上，另一端依次穿过自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体以及断路器的塑壳后抵接在相应一个下引弧片上。
进一步的优选方案是：各下引弧片上设有垂直于该引弧片且平行于电路板的平直的接电板部284，各验电弹簧的一端抵接在相应一个接电触点上，另一端抵接在一个接电板部上。
本实施例的工作过程如下：首先通过信号线连接信号接线端子35和外接智能电表，并将自动分合闸驱动机构壳体正面上的拨动开关34拨动至“开”的位置，使得中央控制电路正常工作。
见图15至图16所示，本实施例处于有费正常使用状态，各断路器均处于合闸状态，各断路器中的分闸脱扣联动杆251处于准脱扣位；此时脱扣联动件8的传动接触面821抵接在联动涡轮5中凸轮联动部53的过渡部533上，脱扣联动件8中拨杆部83的限位角831没有对分闸脱扣联动杆251施加推力，联动涡轮中齿轮驱动部52的驱动齿521此时没有接触到联动齿轮，联动齿轮实质上和联动涡轮处于离合状态，此时联动齿轮的正反转动均不会受到联动涡轮的阻碍，故在此种状态下，自动分合闸驱动机构不会阻碍断路器本体中分合闸手柄的转动，此时的分合闸手柄可以自由的进行分闸和合闸操作，也即可以自由进行手动分合闸操作。
见图17至图18所示，本实施例处于欠费分闸状态，各断路器均处于分闸状态；当用户欠费后，外接智能电表向电路板上的中央控制电路发出信号；驱动电机转动，通过驱动涡轮41带动联动涡轮转动；所述联动涡轮从图15所示位置沿顺时针方向转动，凸轮联动部中的凸部534也随之顺时针转动，由于凸部外周边线的半径大于过渡部533外周边线的半径，故凸部在代替凹部抵接在传动接触面上时，对脱扣联动件的传动杆部起推动作用，脱扣联动件绕其转动中心孔81顺时针转动；当联动涡轮转动至图17所示位置时，联动涡轮中齿轮驱动部52的驱动齿521仍没有接触到联动齿轮，此时脱扣联动件中拨杆部已拨动分闸脱扣联动杆，使其从准脱扣位跳动至原始位，使得各断路器从分闸状态瞬间转为跳闸状态，实现欠费快速跳闸动作；当分闸脱扣联动件移动至原始位后，脱扣联动件还通过其限位角把分闸脱扣联动杆锁定限位在原始位上；此时若是通过外力将分合闸手柄扳动至合闸位，一旦撤去外力，分合闸手柄将自动回复至分闸位，故不能实现合闸动作；此时若是关掉拨动开关，由于电动机断电不能动作，分闸脱扣联动杆仍处于锁定状态，用户仍不能进行手动合闸动 作；故本实施例可以有效防止用户欠费后私自合闸送电。
见图19至图20所示，本实施例处于充费合闸解锁瞬间状态，各断路器仍处于分闸状态；由于此前锁定限位住分闸脱扣联动杆，要想合闸，必须要对分闸脱扣联动杆进行解锁动作：驱动电机转动，通过其涡轮带动联动涡轮转动，使得联动涡轮从图17所示位置转动至图19所示位置；在复位槽531和复位缺口的共同作用下，和复位槽531相邻的凸部的一角可以嵌入脱扣联动件的复位缺口中，从而使得脱扣联动件的传动接触面821可以抵接在凸轮联动部的凹部532的外周壁上；此时，拨杆部由于有了回转空间，不能够再继续锁定分闸脱扣联动杆，从而实现充费合闸解锁状态，保证断路器在合闸过程中不会出现脱扣现象，也即保证断路器在合闸过程中不会出现合不上闸的现象；另外，此时如果由于断路器自身的位置置放原因，例如和上面所述正常安装状态颠倒置放，导致该解锁瞬间时，脱扣联动件的传动接触面821未能抵接在凸轮联动部的凹部532的外周壁上，也是不影响解锁效果的，因为在下一步进行充费合闸动作时，分闸脱扣联动杆要从原始位移动至准脱扣位，分闸脱扣杆将推动脱扣联动件的限位角，使得脱扣联动件的传动接触面821抵接在凸轮联动部的凹部532的外周壁上。
见图21至图22所示，本实施例是充费合闸状态，各断路器均处于合闸状态；由于此前解除了对分闸脱扣联动杆的锁定，故联动涡轮从图19所示位置起，随着电动机启转带动联动涡轮的进一步转动，联动涡轮上的驱动齿和联动齿轮啮合，进而拨动联动齿轮转动，从而通过输出主轴带动各断路器中的分合闸手柄进行合闸动作；此后，驱动电机继续转动，带动联动涡轮转动至图15所示位置。
当需要对用户线路进行检修时，需要把断路器处于分闸状态，此时优选将拨动开关拨动至“关”位，这样的好处是关掉中央控制电路，失去控制驱动电机运转的能力，防止在检修过程中，因受到远程信号的控制使得断路器进行合闸动作，造成触电事故。
本发明具有以下技术效果：(1)本实施例能够实现远程信号控制合闸与分闸，且能判断出小型断路器是故障跳闸、欠费跳闸还是人工分闸等。当用户欠费时，可以远程控制分闸；当用户充费后，可以远程控制合闸。小型断路器远程控制分闸后属于锁死状态，不能通过人工扳动小型断路器手柄合闸，只能通过远程控制合闸；远程控制合闸状态时，可以通过人工扳动小型断路器手柄进行任意分闸、合闸。(2)当用户线路需要维修时，可以把拔动开关拔到关闭位置，关掉智能中央控制电路，失去远程控制驱动电机的能力。远程信号控制失去控制能力，无法对小型断路器进行控制，防止误合闸导致维修时维修人员被电击。(3)自动分合闸驱动机构在和小型断路器组装过程中，电气连接由于选用接电弹簧和验电弹簧进 行电连接，优选加设接电柱，同传统的使用引线(聚氯乙稀电缆线)连接相比，由于引线(聚氯乙稀电缆线)连接需要用烙铁焊接，组装及拆卸过程复杂。本发明则利用弹簧的弹性，自身的一端或把接电柱压紧在电路板的接触触点上，另一端亦利用弹簧弹性，自身或把接电柱小型断路器的引弧片上，从而不需要烙铁焊接，轻松进行电气连接，其组装及拆卸过程快捷、方便。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而这些属于本发明的实质精神所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自动分合闸小型断路器，包括断路器本体和自动分合闸驱动机构；断路器本体包括一个至四个断路器；各断路器包括塑壳、分合闸手柄和操作机构；各分合闸手柄的转动中心处设有主轴孔；其特征在于：
    自动分合闸驱动机构包括壳体、设有驱动涡轮的驱动电机、联动涡轮、联动齿轮、输出主轴和脱扣联动件；输出主轴的一端固定设置在联动齿轮的中心处，另一端伸出壳体并插入各分合闸手柄的主轴孔中；
    各断路器的操作机构包括分闸脱扣联动杆和分闸脱扣联动槽；塑壳壁体上设有联动孔；与自动分合闸驱动机构邻接的一个断路器中的分闸联动脱扣杆，伸入自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中；
    联动涡轮沿其转动中心轴线方向依次设有涡轮从动部、齿轮驱动部和凸轮联动部，且涡轮从动部、齿轮驱动部和凸轮联动部一体同心设置；涡轮从动部的整个外周壁上均设有与驱动涡轮适配的涡轮齿；凸轮联动部沿其外周依次设有复位槽、凹部、过渡部和凸部；齿轮驱动部的部分外周壁上设有与联动齿轮适配的多个驱动齿；
    脱扣联动件设有转动中心孔、传动杆部和拨杆部；传动杆部用于抵接在联动涡轮中凸轮联动部外周壁上，且传动杆部上设有复位缺口；
    驱动电机通过驱动涡轮带动联动涡轮往复转动，联动涡轮通过其凸轮联动部带动脱扣联动件在预设角度范围内往复转动，通过脱扣联动件的拨杆部拨动分闸联动脱扣杆进行快速分闸动作；联动涡轮通过其驱动齿带动联动齿轮及输出主轴同步转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：齿轮驱动部的外周壁和凸轮联动部中凸部邻接处的壁体上设有与联动齿轮适配的多个驱动齿。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自转动设置在壳体中，且联动涡轮、联动齿轮和脱扣联动件各自的转动中心轴线互相平行，输出主轴和分闸脱扣联动杆的中轴线也和联动涡轮的转动中心轴线互相平行；传动杆部设有用于抵接在联动涡轮中凸轮联动部外周壁上的传动接触面，复位缺口设置在该传动接触面上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：所述凹部和凸部的外周边线是同心且半径不同的圆弧，凸部外周边线的半径大于凹部外周边线的半径；所述过渡部的外周边线，其和凹部相连的一端呈直线状，其和凸部相连的一端呈弧线状。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：复位槽朝着凹部外周边线的切线方向内凹。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中还设有设有限位套，该限位套用于套设在插入壳体中的分闸脱扣联动杆上，联动脱扣件的拨杆部通过拨动限位套或分闸脱扣联动杆实现快速脱扣分闸动作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：拨杆部拨动分闸脱扣联动杆实现快速脱扣分闸动作。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：拨杆部的末端还设有限位角，拨杆部通过该限位角拨动和锁定分闸脱扣联动杆。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：自动分合闸驱动机构的壳体中还设有具有中央控制电路的电路板；联动涡轮上还设有感应磁铁，电路板上设有与该感应磁铁适配的两个感应开关，感应磁铁在随着联动涡轮转动至预设位置时触发相应一个感应开关。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的自动分合闸小型断路器，其特征在于：两个断路器邻接时，其中一个断路器的分闸联动脱扣杆穿过相应联动孔后插设在另一个断路器中的分闸脱扣联动槽中。
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