WO2016173119A1 - 一种断路器 - Google Patents

一种断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173119A1
WO2016173119A1 PCT/CN2015/083161 CN2015083161W WO2016173119A1 WO 2016173119 A1 WO2016173119 A1 WO 2016173119A1 CN 2015083161 W CN2015083161 W CN 2015083161W WO 2016173119 A1 WO2016173119 A1 WO 2016173119A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission mechanism
circuit breaker
driving
drive
elastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/083161
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁国辉
李敏
徐大胜
张进
汪泰宇
陈广哲
Original Assignee
浙江天正电气股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江天正电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江天正电气股份有限公司
Publication of WO2016173119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173119A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/42—Induction-motor, induced-current, or electrodynamic release mechanisms
    • H01H71/43—Electrodynamic release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/70—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
    • H01H9/24—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for interlocking two or more parts of the mechanism for operating contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of low voltage electrical appliances. Specifically, a circuit breaker.
  • Miniature circuit breaker also known as miniature circuit breaker, is suitable for AC 50-60Hz rated voltage 230-400V, rated current to overload and short circuit protection of 63A line, and can also be used as infrequent operation conversion of line under normal conditions. Mainly used in various places such as industrial, commercial, high-rise and residential buildings.
  • a smart circuit breaker is required at the lower end of the smart meter.
  • the intelligent circuit breaker can automatically disconnect the line.
  • the intelligent circuit breaker will automatically reclose, close the circuit, and supply power.
  • the Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN204067283U discloses a reclosing device for a circuit breaker, comprising a housing, a forward and reverse motor disposed in the housing, a main shaft, and a handle for driving the circuit breaker.
  • the driving handle of the linkage is provided with a transmission piece and a transmission member on the main shaft, and the positive and negative reversing motor is coupled with the driving piece of the driving piece.
  • the transmission member is provided with a transmission gear with a main shaft as a rotation center, and the driving handle is provided with meshing with the transmission gear.
  • the outer surface of the transmission piece is provided with an arcuate groove on the outer surface of the transmission member, the center of the arc groove is located on the center line of the main shaft, and the counterclockwise edge end of the arc groove is provided with an opening on the transmission piece
  • the transmission member is jointly rotated to be provided with a linkage shaft, and the transmission piece and the transmission member are interlocked in a counterclockwise direction and a clockwise direction is mutually free.
  • the circuit breaker provided by the above technical solution, after the user meter is in arrears, before the user renews the electricity fee, if the artificial handle is closed, the breaker contact can be connected at this time, and the power supply can still be closed, which is not in line with the national grid. Provisions.
  • the invention provides a circuit breaker to solve the problem that the user electric meter can still be powered by the manual closing of the prior art.
  • the invention provides a circuit breaker comprising a housing and a contact system disposed in the housing, a transmission mechanism for controlling the contact system, an electric motor and a driving handle for driving the transmission mechanism, and a tripping mechanism;
  • the trip mechanism includes a trip shaft and a linkage that triggers the trip shaft, the linkage is triggered by the transmission mechanism, the motor rotates forward and/or the drive handle rotates to drive the transmission mechanism
  • the contact system is closed, and the motor drives the transmission mechanism to reverse the set angle, so that the transmission mechanism triggers the linkage member, and the trip mechanism acts to open the brake.
  • the linkage includes a linkage body, and the linkage body is rotatably disposed on the housing, and one end of the linkage body is provided with a mating portion that cooperates with the transmission mechanism, and the other end is provided. There is a pressing portion that cooperates with the trip shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism is provided with a trigger protrusion for engaging with the mating portion.
  • the linkage further includes a return elastic portion, and the return elastic portion cooperates with a limiting structure disposed on the housing, and the linkage is performed by an elastic force when not acting on the transmission mechanism.
  • the piece is pivoted away from the trip shaft.
  • a unidirectional driving structure is disposed between the driving handle and the transmission mechanism, and the one-way driving structure is adapted to rotate the transmission mechanism synchronously when the driving handle rotates in a forward direction;
  • the drive handle is unable to drive the transmission system when turning.
  • the one-way driving structure is a second protrusion and a second groove disposed between the driving transmission member and the driven transmission member, and the driving transmission member and the driven transmission member rotate around the same axis.
  • the driving transmission member is pivoted under the driving of the electric motor, and the driven transmission member is fixedly engaged with the driving handle, and the arc of the second groove is greater than a maximum rotation angle of the driving handle.
  • a gear transmission mechanism is disposed between the driving transmission member and the motor, and the gear transmission mechanism includes a driving gear fixedly coupled to the motor, and cooperates with the driving gear to drive the driving transmission member to rotate.
  • the driven gear is fixedly coupled to the motor, and cooperates with the driving gear to drive the driving transmission member to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism is provided with an elastic energy storage component, and the elastic energy storage component releases the elastic potential energy when the transmission mechanism rotates in the forward direction, so that the contact system is quickly closed.
  • the elastic energy storage assembly includes an elastic member disposed between the driving transmission member and the housing, and the driving transmission member gradually increases the elastic force of the elastic member during the forward rotation process.
  • the elastic member passes the position of the maximum value of the elastic force, the elastic force of the elastic member drives the driving transmission member to rotate rapidly.
  • the driving transmission member includes a first plate, a second plate and a third plate with an extending surface perpendicular to the first axis and spaced apart by a set distance, and opposite end faces of the second plate pass the first connection
  • the structure and the second connecting structure are respectively connected to the first plate and the third plate, and the first connecting structure and the second connecting structure are disposed opposite to the edge of the second plate with respect to the first axis;
  • the elastic members are two, respectively pivoted between the first plate and the second plate and adjacent to the first connection structure position, and between the second plate and the third plate
  • the pivot shaft joints of the two elastic members are connected through the center of the rotating shaft of the driving transmission member.
  • a circuit breaker comprising a trip shaft and a linkage for triggering a trip shaft, the linkage being triggered by a transmission mechanism, the motor driving the transmission after the user meter is in arrears After the mechanism reverses the set angle, the action of the tripping mechanism is triggered to realize the opening, and the motor stops rotating, so that the contact system cannot be closed; the circuit breaker can be normally closed only after the motor rotates so that the transmission mechanism is out of the position of the tripping mechanism. . Therefore, even if the user renews the electricity bill, even if the person In order to close the handle, since the trip mechanism is in the triggered state, the drive handle will automatically reset to the open position, and the user cannot take power by himself.
  • a circuit breaker according to the present invention comprising an elastic energy storage assembly that releases elastic potential energy when the transmission mechanism rotates in the forward direction, so that the contact system is quickly closed.
  • the closing speed of the breaker contact is independent of the driving speed of the motor.
  • the contact system has a large closing speed and good connection performance under the action of the elastic energy storage component, so it has high reliability and rationality. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the cooperation of the driven gear and the driving transmission member
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an elastic energy storage assembly
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the drive transmission member facing the end surface of the driven gear
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the drive transmission member facing the end face of the driven transmission member
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a driven transmission member
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a linkage
  • Figure 9 is another embodiment of the linkage
  • Figure 10 is a view showing the state of installation of the linkage of Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a stroke switch mechanism provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the first structure of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure of Figure 11;
  • FIG. 1 through 13 illustrate an embodiment of a circuit breaker provided by the present invention.
  • the circuit breaker includes a housing 1 and a contact system disposed in the housing 1, a transmission mechanism for controlling the contact system, and a trip mechanism, and further includes an electric motor 7 and a drive handle for driving the transmission mechanism 6.
  • the housing 1 provides a mounting position or/and a mounting structure for other components in the circuit breaker, and protects components disposed therein.
  • the housing 1 is designed according to the arrangement of internal components, usually formed of insulating plastic, and has good insulation and high temperature resistance. The shape characteristics of the housing 1 are not specifically described herein.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a drive transmission member 4 and a driven transmission member 5 that rotate about the same axis, the axis becoming the first axis.
  • the driven transmission member 5 is connected to the contact system (not shown) via a transmission shaft 53 fixedly coupled to the driven transmission member 5, and the driven transmission member 5 rotationally drives the contact system to close Or open.
  • the driven transmission member 5 is a circular disc-shaped structure, and a second groove 51 with a set arc in a center of the position of the first axis is opened.
  • the second groove 51 may select a through structure or a non-through structure according to actual conditions. Referring to FIG.
  • the driving transmission member 4 is disposed on an end surface of the driven transmission member 5 with a second protrusion 48 disposed to cooperate with the second groove 51.
  • the driving transmission member 4 is The second transmission 48 and the second recess 51 are coupled to each other by the mutual engagement of the driven transmission members 5.
  • the second groove 51 has an arc of at least a maximum angle of rotation in the operating state of the drive transmission member 4, and is generally set to be greater than ⁇ . According to the structural features of the second groove 51 and the second protrusion 48, the driving follower 4 can drive the driven transmission member 5 only in a single rotational direction, and the second groove 51 And the second protrusion 48 constitutes a unidirectional driving structure.
  • the driving handle 6 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 53.
  • the fixing manner between the driving shaft 53 and the driving handle 6 and the driven transmission member 5 can be any fixed connection method well known to those skilled in the art. .
  • the connection structure is simplified.
  • the transmission shaft 53 has a triangular triangular shaft section, and the triangular shaft is fixedly provided with a driving handle 6 .
  • the corresponding side of the driven transmission member 5 is provided with a triangular shaft hole that cooperates with the triangular shaft, and the central axis of the triangular shaft hole is the first axis.
  • the driven transmission member 5 is provided with a positioning protrusion 52 extending radially from the first axis. Used for installation time limit.
  • a gear transmission mechanism is disposed between the driving transmission member 4 and the electric motor 7, and the gear transmission mechanism includes
  • the motor 7 is fixedly coupled to the drive gear, and cooperates with the drive gear to drive the driven gear 3 that rotates the drive transmission member 4.
  • the driven gear 3 is rotatably disposed on the casing 1 through a shaft-shaped protrusion having a central axis of a first axis. Under the limitation of the casing 1, the driven gear 3 is geared at the motor 7 Driven to rotate about the first axis.
  • the arrangement of the motor 7 can drive the driven gear 3 to rotate about the first axis.
  • the selection, mounting manner, and connection mode of the motor 7 can be realized by a method well known to those skilled in the art. .
  • the volume of the circuit breaker is minimized, the extending direction of the motor 7 is perpendicular to the first axis, and the main structure is fixedly mounted to the casing 1, and the output shaft is perpendicular to the Said first axis.
  • a bevel gear is disposed on the output shaft, and the drive gear is provided with gear teeth 31 that cooperate with the bevel gear.
  • the driven gear 3 is a disc-shaped structure which is provided with a first recess 33.
  • the first groove 33 is a groove structure with a curvature set at a center of the first axis.
  • the through structure or the non-through structure may be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the curvature of the first groove 33 is generally greater than the maximum angle at which the drive handle 6 can swing.
  • the driven gear 3 is provided with two first grooves 33 in pairs with respect to the first axis. In order to prevent the two first grooves 33 from penetrating, it is known that the curvature of the single first groove 33 needs to be no more than ⁇ .
  • the driven gear 3 can also be arranged in a sector structure having a set curvature according to actual conditions. The arc is guaranteed to complete the basic work requirements.
  • the transmission mechanism is provided with an elastic energy storage assembly, and the elastic energy storage mechanism releases the elastic potential energy when the transmission mechanism rotates in the forward direction, so that the contact system is quickly closed.
  • the elastic energy storage mechanism includes the drive transmission member 4 and an elastic member disposed between the drive transmission member 4 and the housing 1.
  • the driving transmission member 4 includes a first plate 42, a second plate 43 and a third plate 45 whose extending faces are perpendicular to the first axis and spaced apart by a set distance, and opposite end faces of the second plate 43
  • the first connecting structure 44 and the second connecting structure 46 are respectively connected to the first plate 42 and the third plate 45, and the first connecting structure 44 and the second connecting structure 46 are opposite to the first axis Provided with the edge of the second plate 43;
  • the elastic members are two, respectively pivoted between the first plate 42 and the second plate 43 and close to the position of the first connecting structure 44, and a connecting shaft between the second plate 43 and the third plate 45 and adjacent to the second connecting structure 46, wherein the pivot shaft contacts of the two elastic members are connected through the driving transmission member 4 The center of the shaft.
  • the elastic energy storage component may be provided with only one spring 41.
  • the drive transmission member 4 includes a first plate 42 and a second plate 43 whose extension faces are perpendicular to the first axis and spaced apart by a set distance, and are disposed at edges of the first plate 42 and the second plate 43 a first connecting structure 44 for connecting the first plate 42 and the second plate 43; the elastic member is pivotally connected between the first plate 42 and the second plate 43 and adjacent to the First connection Construct a 44-position connecting shaft.
  • the elastic force for driving the elastic member is gradually increased to a maximum value to perform energy storage.
  • the elastic member passes the position of the maximum value of the elastic force, the elastic potential energy is released, and the elastic force of the elastic member drives the driving transmission member 4 to rotate rapidly, so that the contact system is quickly closed.
  • the closing speed of the circuit breaker contact is independent of the driving speed of the motor 7, and the contact system has a large closing speed and good connection performance under the action of the elastic energy storage component, so that it has a higher Reliability and rationality.
  • the driving transmission member 4 is disposed on the end surface of the driven gear 3 with a first protrusion 47 that cooperates with the first groove 33.
  • the first protrusions 47 are also provided with two.
  • the trip mechanism includes a trip shaft 8 that is triggered by the trip mechanism to trigger the trip mechanism, and a linkage 2 that triggers the trip shaft 8, wherein the linkage 2 Linkage with the transmission mechanism.
  • the circuit breaker After the position, the circuit breaker can be normally closed. Therefore, before the user renews the electricity bill, even if the manual pull handle is closed, since the trip mechanism is in the trigger state, the drive handle 6 is automatically reset to the trip position, and the user cannot take power by himself.
  • the driven gear 3 is provided with a trigger protrusion 32 that triggers the action of the link 2 in the trip mechanism.
  • the trigger protrusion 32 may also be disposed on the driving transmission member 4.
  • the linkage 2 includes a linkage body 22, and the linkage body 22 is provided with a hinge hole 25, and the hinge hole 25 can rotate the linkage 2 by engaging with the hinge shaft.
  • the linkage body 22 is provided with a mating portion 21 that cooperates with the triggering protrusion 32 on a side disposed on the triggering protrusion 32 , and a side facing the tripping shaft 8 is disposed a pressing portion 23 that cooperates with the trip shaft 8.
  • the pressing portion 23 is disposed at an end of the link body 22 .
  • the linkage member 2 is rotatable about the axis, and the force acting on the trip shaft 8 is made uniform by pressing the trip shaft 8 against the linkage member 2, thereby protecting the trip mechanism and protecting the trip mechanism.
  • the urging structure directly contacts the trip shaft 8 to cause damage to the trip shaft 8 and the trip mechanism, thereby ensuring the reliability of the circuit breaker.
  • the technical solution further includes resetting the return elastic member of the linkage 2, and the elastic force of the return elastic member rotates the linkage 2 about the shaft away from the trip shaft 8.
  • the return elastic member is an elastic arm 24 disposed on a surface of the link body 22 where the pressing portion 23 is disposed, and the housing 1 is provided with a limit elastic arm 24 restricted structure.
  • the rest elastic member is not limited to one structure of the elastic arm 24, and may be a spring 41 disposed between the link body 22 and the housing 1, or sleeved in the Torsion spring of the hinged shaft.
  • a limiting structure for limiting the reset position of the linkage 2 is disposed between the housing 1 and the linkage 2 .
  • the limiting mechanism includes a limiting protrusion 26 disposed on the linkage 2, and a matching structure disposed on the housing 1 to cooperate with the limiting protrusion 26 to limit the rotation angle of the linkage 2.
  • the limiting structure is arranged to prevent the linkage 2 from rotating to the movable area of the driven gear 3 under the action of the elastic force, hindering the rotation and causing damage to the driven gear 3.
  • a position detecting switch is disposed in the casing 1 , and the position detecting switch can be triggered when the linking member 2 presses the trip shaft 8 .
  • FIG. 9 another embodiment of the linkage 2 is provided for the present invention.
  • the engaging portion 21 is a convex structure
  • the protruding structure includes a top end that cooperates with the triggering protrusion 32 .
  • the housing 1 is correspondingly provided with a micro switch triggered by the triggering protrusion 32 .
  • the trigger structure is usually a vertical arrangement and a cylindrical structure on the main body of the micro switch, and the triggering direction is perpendicular to the main body of the micro switch.
  • the distance between the micro switch and the trigger protrusion 32 is relatively large, the trigger protrusion 32 cannot press or press the micro switch with insufficient stroke, and the micro switch cannot be reliably closed.
  • the micro switch may hinder the trigger protrusion 32 from rotating with the driving member, thereby causing damage to the micro switch.
  • the setting of the micro switch has high requirements on the matching precision between the driving member and the micro switch; in addition, since the micro switch is installed and manufactured at a high cost, the same circuit breaker usually has multiple positions requiring position detection, so Make the circuit breaker costly.
  • the present invention also provides a circuit breaker stroke switch mechanism, as shown in FIG. 11, the circuit breaker forming switch mechanism includes a first structure 9 that is electrically connected to the first wire and a second structure 10 that is electrically connected to the second wire.
  • the first structure 9 maintains a set distance gap with the second structure 10 under the action of an elastic force, and the first structure 9 and the second structure 10 are in contact with the first wire and the Said second wire.
  • the first structure 9 includes a first fixing portion 91 for fixed mounting, an action portion 93 that cooperates with an external force acting structure, and a first mating portion 95 that cooperates with the second structure 10 .
  • the first fixing portion 91 and the acting portion 93 are connected by a first connecting portion 92, and the working portion 93 and the first mating portion 95 are connected by a second connecting portion 94, the acting portion 93 is close to the external force acting structure setting.
  • the first connecting portion 92, The second connecting portion 94 and the acting portion 93 constitute a trapezoidal structure that is convex toward the side of the external force acting structure, and the acting portion 93 is a short bottom edge structure.
  • the first fixing portion 91 is further connected with a wire connecting portion 96 that is vertically bent with respect to the first fixing portion 91.
  • first connecting portion 92, the second connecting portion 94, and the acting portion 93 constitute a circular arc structure that is convex toward the side of the external force acting structure.
  • the first structure 9 is made of an elastic material, specifically QSn6.5.
  • the second structure 10 includes a second fixing portion 101 for fixed mounting, and a second mating portion 102 that cooperates with the first structure 9 .
  • the second structure 10 is an L-shaped structure
  • the second mating portion 102 is a long side structure
  • the second fixing portion 101 is a short side structure connecting the second wires.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the first structure 9 and the second structure 10.
  • the circuit breaker stroke switch mechanism has a simple structure and is low in cost, and maintains a set distance gap with the second structure 10 under the action of the elastic force, and the action portion 93 is closer to the mating portion 21 and the fixed portion. Close to the external force acting structure. It has strong adaptability and does not require high installation accuracy.
  • the first connecting portion 92, the second connecting portion 94 and the acting portion 93 form a trapezoidal structure or a circular arc structure, and on the basis of completing the position detection, the triggering protrusion 32 and the stroke switching mechanism are The contact from the contact to the actual triggering process is smoother, and even if the triggering projection 32 passes over the action portion 93, the action portion 93 can be smoothly returned to the opposite direction.
  • the first structure 9 and/or the second structure 10 are bent or stamped into a plate-like structure.
  • the motor 7 drives the transmission mechanism to rotate the contact system to achieve the closing of the contact system. After the closing, the motor 7 is reversed by a certain angle. At this time, the driving handle 6 is unlocked, and the user can divide the driving handle according to the situation. Closing; the motor 7 drives the transmission mechanism to reverse the set angle (greater than the front unlocking drive handle motor reversal angle), and triggers the trip mechanism to realize the opening.
  • the motor 7 drives the transmission mechanism to reverse the set angle, and then triggers the action of the linkage member 2, so that the pressing portion 23 is pressed against the trip shaft 8 to realize Opening, at this time, the motor 7 stops rotating, maintaining the tripping position of the tripping shaft 8, the user cannot close the contact system by pulling the driving handle 6; only the motor 7 is rotated to cause the transmission mechanism to be disengaged from the triggering tripping mechanism After the position, the circuit breaker can be closed normally. Therefore, before the user renews the electricity bill, even if the trigger is closed, the user cannot take power by itself because the trip mechanism is in the triggered state.

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  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供的一种断路器，包括壳体和设置于壳体内的触头系统，控制触头系统的传动机构，驱动传动机构的电动机和驱动手柄，以及脱扣机构；脱扣机构包括脱扣轴以及触发脱扣轴的联动件，联动件通过传动机构触发，电动机正转和/或驱动手柄正转驱动传动机构实现触头系统合闸，电动机驱动传动机构反转设定角度，使传动机构触发联动件，脱扣机构动作实现分闸。其在用户电表欠费后，电动机驱动传动机构反转设定角度后触发脱扣机构动作实现分闸；只有电动机正转使得传动机构脱离触发脱扣机构的位置后，断路器才可正常合闸。因此，用户续交电费前，即使人为扳动手柄合闸，由于脱扣机构处于触发状态，驱动手柄会自动复位至分闸位置，用户无法自行取电。

Description

一种断路器 技术领域
本发明涉及低压电器领域。具体地说一种断路器。
背景技术
小型断路器又称微型断路器，适用于交流50-60Hz额定电压230-400V，额定电流至63A线路的过载和短路保护之用，也可以在正常情况下作为线路的不频繁操作转换之用。主要用于工业、商业、高层和民用住宅等各种场所。
根据国家电网的要求，在预付费电表的线路中，智能电表的下端需安装智能断路器。当用户电表欠费时，智能断路器可以自动断开线路，当用户续费后，智能断路器会自动重合闸，闭合电路，进行供电。
现有技术中，中国授权公告号为CN204067283U实用新型专利申请公开一种断路器的重合闸装置，包括有壳体、设置于壳体内的正反转电机、主轴、以及用于驱动断路器的手柄联动的驱动手柄，主轴上转动设置有传动片和传动件，正反转电机与传动片驱动联接配合，传动件上设置有以主轴为转动中心的传动齿轮，驱动手柄上设置有与传动齿轮啮合传动的手柄齿轮，传动片对应传动件的外表面上设置有弧形槽，该弧形槽的圆心位于主轴的中心线上，且该弧形槽的逆时针方向边缘端在传动片上设置有开口，传动件上联合转动设置有联动轴，传动片和传动件在逆时针方向联动、顺时针方向相互自由的配合结构。
该上述技术方案提供的断路器，在用户电表欠费后，用户续交电费前，如果人为扳动手柄合闸，此时断路器触头可以接通，仍能合闸供电，不符合国家电网的规定。
发明内容
本发明提供一种断路器，以解决现有技术中用户电表欠费手动合闸仍能供电的问题。
本发明提供一种断路器，包括壳体和设置于所述壳体内的触头系统，控制所述触头系统的传动机构，驱动所述传动机构的电动机和驱动手柄，以及脱扣机构；所述脱扣机构包括脱扣轴以及触发所述脱扣轴的联动件，所述联动件通过所述传动机构触发，所述电动机正转和/或所述驱动手柄正转驱动所述传动机构实现所述触头系统合闸，所述电动机驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度，使所述传动机构触发所述联动件，脱扣机构动作实现分闸。
可选的，所述联动件包括联动件本体，所述联动件本体可转动地设置于所述壳体上，该联动件本体的一端设有与所述传动机构配合的配合部，另一端设有与所述脱扣轴配合的抵压部。
可选的，所述传动机构上设有用于与所述配合部配合的触发凸起。
可选的，所述联动件还包括复位弹性部，所述复位弹性部与设置于所述壳体上的限位结构配合，在不受所述传动机构作用时，通过弹性力使所述联动件绕轴转动远离所述脱扣轴。
可选的，所述驱动手柄与所述传动机构之间设有单向驱动结构，所述单向驱动结构适于在所述驱动手柄正向转动时，所述传动机构与之同步转动；反向转动时，所述驱动手柄无法带动所述传动系统。
可选的，所述单向驱动结构为设置于驱动传动件与从动传动件之间的第二凸起及第二凹槽，所述驱动传动件与所述从动传动件绕同一轴线转动；所述驱动传动件在所述电动机的驱动下绕轴转动，所述从动传动件与所述驱动手柄固定配合，所述第二凹槽的弧度大于所述驱动手柄的最大转动角度。
可选的，所述驱动传动件与所述电动机之间设有齿轮传动机构，该齿轮传动机构包括与所述电动机固定连接的驱动齿轮，与所述驱动齿轮配合并带动所述驱动传动件转动的从动齿轮。
可选的，所述传动机构设有弹性储能组件，所述弹性储能组件在所述传动机构正向转动时释放弹性势能，使所述触头系统快速合闸。
可选的，所述弹性储能组件包括设置于所述驱动传动件与所述壳体之间的弹性件，所述驱动传动件在正向转动过程，驱动所述弹性件的弹性力逐渐增大直至最大值，所述弹性件经过弹性力最大值的位置后，所述弹性件的弹性力带动所述驱动传动件快速转动。
可选的，所述驱动传动件包括延伸面垂直于所述第一轴线且间隔设定距离的第一板、第二板和第三板，所述第二板相对的两端面通过第一连接结构和第二连接结构分别与所述第一板和所述第三板相连，所述第一连接结构和所述第二连接结构相对所述第一轴线设置与所述第二板的边缘；所述弹性件为两个，分别枢接于所述第一板与所述第二板之间且靠近所述第一连接结构位置，以及所述第二板与所述第三板之间且靠近所述第二连接结构的连接轴上，所述两个所述弹性件的枢转轴接点连线通过所述驱动传动件的转轴中心。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
1、本发明提供的一种断路器，所述脱扣机构包括脱扣轴以及触发脱扣轴的联动件，所述联动件通过传动机构触发，在用户电表欠费后，电动机驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度后触发脱扣机构动作实现分闸，电动机停止转动，使得触头系统无法合闸；只有电动机转动使得传动机构脱离触发脱扣机构的位置后，断路器才可正常合闸。因此，用户续交电费前，即使人 为扳动手柄合闸，由于脱扣机构处于触发状态，驱动手柄会自动复位至分闸位置，用户无法自行取电。
2、本发明提供的一种断路器，其包含弹性储能组件，弹性储能组件在所述传动机构正向转动时释放弹性势能，使所述触头系统快速合闸。断路器触头的合闸速度与电动机的驱动速度无关，触头系统在弹性储能组件的作用下，具有较大的闭合速度和良好的接通性能，因此具有较高的可靠性和合理性。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明，其中
图1是本发明提供的一种断路器实施例的结构示意图；
图2是从动齿轮的结构示意图；
图3是从动齿轮和驱动传动件配合示意图；
图4是弹性储能组件的结构示意图；
图5是驱动传动件朝向从动齿轮端面的结构示意图；
图6是驱动传动件朝向从动传动件端面的结构示意图；
图7是从动传动件的结构示意图；
图8是联动件的结构示意图；
图9是联动件另一种实施方式；
图10是图9联动件安装状态图；
图11是本发明提供的一种行程开关机构的结构示意图；
图12是图11中第一结构的结构示意图；
图13是图11中第二结构的结构示意图。
图中附图标记表示为：1-壳体、2-联动件、3-从动齿轮、4-驱动传动件、5-从动传动件、6-驱动手柄、7-电动机、8-脱扣轴；
31-齿轮齿、32-触发凸起、33-第一凹槽；
21-配合部、22-联动件本体、23-抵压部、24-弹性支臂、25-铰轴孔、26-限位凸起、27-弧形配合面、28-过渡弧面；
41-弹簧、42-第一板、43-第二板、44-第一连接结构、45-第三板、46-第二连接结构、47-第一凸起、48-第二凸起；
51-第二凹槽、52-定位凸起、53-传动轴；
9-第一结构、10-第二结构、91-第一固定部、92-第一连接部、93-作用部、94-第二连接部、95-第一配合部、96-导线连接部；
101-第二固定部、102-第二配合部。
具体实施方式
图1至图13示出了本发明提供的一种断路器的实施例。
所述断路器包括壳体1和设置于所述壳体1内的触头系统，控制所述触头系统的传动机构，以及脱扣机构，还包括驱动所述传动机构的电动机7和驱动手柄6。
所述壳体1为该断路器中其他零部件提供安装位置或/和安装结构，并对设置于其内部的零部件起到保护作用。所述壳体1根据内部零部件的设置作出相应设计，通常由绝缘塑料成型，具有良好的绝缘性和耐高温特性。本文对壳体1的形状特征不作具体描述。
从图1中可以看出，所述传动机构包括绕同一轴线转动的驱动传动件4与从动传动件5，该轴线成为第一轴线。所述从动传动件5通过与该从动传动件5固定相连的传动轴53与所述触头系统(未示出)相连，所述从动传动件5转动驱动所述触头系统合闸或分闸。请参考图7，该从动传动件5为圆形盘状结构，其上开设有以所述第一轴线所在位置为圆心的、设定弧度的第二凹槽51。所述第二凹槽51可根据实际情况选择贯通结构或者非贯通结构。请参考图6，所述驱动传动件4朝向所述从动传动件5的端面上设置有设置有与所述第二凹槽51配合的第二凸起48，所述驱动传动件4与所述从动传动件5之间的通过相互配合第二凸起48及第二凹槽51连接。
所述第二凹槽51弧度至少为所述驱动传动件4的工作状态下的最大转动角度，通常设置其大于π。根据所述第二凹槽51和所述第二凸起48的结构特征可知，所述驱动从动件4只可在单一转动方向驱动所述从动传动件5，所述第二凹槽51和所述第二凸起48组成单向驱动结构。
所述驱动手柄6固定安装于所述传动轴53，所述传动轴53与所述驱动手柄6和所述从动传动件5之间固定方式可为任一本领域技术人员熟知的固定连接方式。本实施例中，请参考图1，为了方便拆装，简化连接结构，所述传动轴53截面为三角形的三角轴，该三角轴固定设置有驱动手柄6。相应地，所述从动传动件5相应侧设置有与该三角轴配合的三角轴孔，该三角轴孔的中轴线为所述第一轴线。
所述从动传动件5上设置有自所述第一轴线沿径向延伸的定位凸起52。用于安装时限位。
所述驱动传动件4与所述电动机7之间设有齿轮传动机构，该齿轮传动机构包括与 所述电动机7固定连接的驱动齿轮，与所述驱动齿轮配合并带动所述驱动传动件4转动的从动齿轮3。所述从动齿轮3通过中轴线为第一轴线的轴状凸起可转动设置于所述壳体1，在所述壳体1的限制下，所述从动齿轮3齿轮在所述电动机7驱动下绕第一轴线转动的。
所述电动机7的设置可驱动所述从动齿轮3绕第一轴线转动即可，电动机7的选型，安装方式，以及与所述驱动齿轮的连接方式可通过本领域技术人员熟知的方式实现。
本实施例中，为了合理利用壳体1内空间，尽量缩小断路器体积，所述电动机7延伸方向垂直于所述第一轴线设置，其主体结构固定安装于壳体1，输出轴垂直于所述第一轴线。所述输出轴上设置有锥齿轮，所述驱动齿轮上设置有与所述锥齿轮配合的齿轮齿31。
从图2中可以看出，所述从动齿轮3为圆盘状结构，其开设有第一凹槽33。所述第一凹槽33为以所述第一轴线所在位置为圆心，设定弧度的凹槽结构。可根据实际情况选择贯通结构或者非贯通结构。所述第一凹槽33的弧度通常大于所述驱动手柄6可摆动最大角度。为了保证驱动的稳定性，所述从动齿轮3相对所述第一轴线成对设置有两个第一凹槽33。为了是两个第一凹槽33不贯通，可知，单个第一凹槽33的弧度需不大于π。
所述从动齿轮3也可根据实际情况设置成具有设定弧度的扇形结构。弧度为能保证完成基本工作要求。
请参考图3和图4，所述传动机构设有弹性储能组件，所述弹性储能机构在所述传动机构正向转动时释放弹性势能，使所述触头系统快速合闸。
所述弹性储能机构包括所述驱动传动件4和设置于所述驱动传动件4与所述壳体1之间的弹性件。
具体地，所述驱动传动件4包括延伸面垂直于所述第一轴线且间隔设定距离的第一板42、第二板43和第三板45，所述第二板43相对的两端面通过第一连接结构44和第二连接结构46分别与所述第一板42和所述第三板45相连，所述第一连接结构44和所述第二连接结构46相对所述第一轴线设置与所述第二板43的边缘；所述弹性件为两个，分别枢接于所述第一板42与所述第二板43之间且靠近所述第一连接结构44位置，以及所述第二板43与所述第三板45之间且靠近所述第二连接结构46的连接轴上，所述两个所述弹性件的枢转轴接点连线通过所述驱动传动件4的转轴中心。
作为另一种实施方式，所述弹性储能组件可仅设置有一根弹簧41。所述驱动传动件4包括延伸面垂直于所述第一轴线且间隔设定距离的第一板42和第二板43，以及设置于所述第一板42和所述第二板43边缘位置、用于连接所述第一板42和所述第二板43的第一连接结构44；所述弹性件枢接于所述第一板42与所述第二板43之间且靠近所述第一连接结 构44位置的连接轴上。
所述驱动传动件4在正向转动过程，驱动所述弹性件的弹性力逐渐增大直至最大值，进行储能。当所述弹性件经过弹性力最大值的位置后，进行弹性势能的释放，所述弹性件的弹性力带动所述驱动传动件4快速转动，使所述触头系统快速合闸。
根据上述描述可知，断路器触头的合闸速度与电动机7的驱动速度无关，触头系统在弹性储能组件的作用下，具有较大的闭合速度和良好的接通性能，因此具有较高的可靠性和合理性。
请参考图5，所述驱动传动件4朝向所述从动齿轮3的端面上设置与所述第一凹槽33配合的第一凸起47。相应的，当设置有两个第二凹槽51时，所述第一凸起47也设置有两个。
该断路器中，所述脱扣机构包括在受抵压可触发该脱扣机构动作实现分闸的脱扣轴8，以及触发所述脱扣轴8的联动件2，其中所述联动件2与传动机构进行联动。通过设置上述脱扣机构，当用户电表欠费后，电动机7反转，驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度后触发所述联动件2动作，使所述脱扣机构动作实现分闸，此时，所述电动机7断电，使脱扣轴8保持脱扣状态，用户无法通过驱动手柄6使该断路器合闸；只有所述电动机7转动使得所述传动机构脱离触发该脱扣机构的位置后，所述断路器才可正常合闸。因此，用户续交电费前，即使人为扳动手柄合闸，由于脱扣机构处于触发状态，驱动手柄6会自动复位至分闸位置，用户无法自行取电。
本实施方式中，如图2所示，所述从动齿轮3上设置有触发所述脱扣机构中联动件2动作的触发凸起32。其他实施方式中，上述触发凸起32还可以设置于所述驱动传动件4上。请参考图8，具体地，所述联动件2包括联动件本体22，所述联动件本体22设有铰轴孔25，该铰轴孔25通过与铰接轴配合使所述联动件2可转动设置于所述壳体1，该联动件本体22朝向设置于触发凸起32的一侧设置有与所述触发凸起32配合的配合部21，朝向所述脱扣轴8的一侧设置有与所述脱扣轴8配合的抵压部23。所述抵压部23设置于该联动件本体22的端部。所述联动件2可绕轴转动，而通过抵压联动件2抵压脱扣轴8可使作用于脱扣轴8上的力方向一致，对脱扣机构起到一定的保护作用，避免了施力结构直接接触脱扣轴8引起的对脱扣轴8和脱扣机构损坏的问题，从而保证了断路器的可靠性。
本技术方案还包括复位所述联动件2的复位弹性件，所述复位弹性件的弹性力使所述联动件2绕轴旋转远离所述脱扣轴8。具体地，所述复位弹性件为设置于所述联动件本体22设置所述抵压部23一侧的板面上的弹性支臂24，所述壳体1上设有限制所述弹性支臂 24的限制结构。
本技术方案中，所述复位弹性件不局限于弹性支臂24一种结构，还可为设置于所述联动件本体22与所述壳体1之间的弹簧41，或者套设于所述铰接轴的扭簧。
请参考图8、图9和图10，所述壳体1与所述联动件2之间设有限制所述联动件2复位位置的限位结构。所述限位机构包括设置于所述联动件2上的限位凸起26，以及设置于所述壳体1上与该限位凸起26配合限制所述联动件2转动角度的配合结构。设置限位结构可避免联动件2在弹性力作用下，转动至从动齿轮3活动区域，阻碍转动，对从动齿轮3造成破坏。
所述壳体1内设置有位置检测开关，所述联动件2抵压所述脱扣轴8时可触发该位置检测开关。
如图9所示，为本发明提供联动件2另一种实施方式，其区别在于：所述配合部21为凸起结构，所述凸起结构包括顶端与所述触发凸起32配合的外凸的弧形配合面27，以及连接所述联动件本体22和所述弧形配合面27的过渡弧面28。如此设计可确保触发凸起32因外界原因越过弧形配合面27后仍能顺利返回。
从图1中可以看出，为了检测所述从动齿轮3的转动位置，所述的壳体1内对应设置有由所述触发凸起32触发的微动开关。由于微动开关结构较小，其触发结构通常为垂直设置与微动开关主体上的圆柱体结构，触发方向垂直于微动开关的主体。当微动开关与触发凸起32间距比较大时，触发凸起32无法压迫或压迫微动开关的行程不够，微动开关不能可靠地闭合。当微动开关与触动凸起间距比较小时，微动开关会阻碍触发凸起32随驱动件转动，从而对微动开关产生损坏。可见，设置微动开关对驱动件和微动开关之间的配合精度要求较高；另外，由于微动开关的安装制作成本较高，而同一断路器通常有多个需要位置检测的位置，因此使断路器成本较高。
因此，本发明同时提供一种断路器行程开关机构，如图11所示，该断路器形成开关机构包括与第一导线导通的第一结构9和与第二导线导通的第二结构10，所述第一结构9在弹性力的作用下与所述第二结构10保持设定距离间隙，所述第一结构9和所述第二结构10接触可导通所述第一导线和所述第二导线。
请参考图12，所述第一结构9包括用于固定安装的第一固定部91、与外力作用结构配合的作用部93、与所述第二结构10配合的第一配合部95。所述第一固定部91与所述作用部93之间通过第一连接部92连接，所述作用部93与所述第一配合部95之间通过第二连接部94连接，所述作用部93接近所述外力作用结构设置。具体地，所述第一连接部92、 所述第二连接部94和所述作用部93组成向所述外力作用结构侧外凸的梯形结构，所述作用部93为较短的底边结构。所述第一固定部91还连接有相对于该第一固定部91垂直弯折的导线连接部96。
作为可替换实施例，所述第一连接部92、所述第二连接部94和所述作用部93组成向所述外力作用结构侧外凸的圆弧结构。
所述第一结构9由弹性材料制成，具体选择QSn6.5。
请参考图13，所述第二结构10包括用于固定安装的第二固定部101，与所述第一结构9配合的第二配合部102。具体地，所述第二结构10为L型结构，所述第二配合部102为长边结构和所述第二固定部101为连接所述第二导线的短边结构。
如图11所示，所述壳体1上设置有用于安装所述第一结构9和所述第二结构10的安装结构。
该断路器行程开关机构其结构简单，因此成本较低，由于自身在弹性力作用下与第二结构10保持设定距离间隙，且所述作用部93较所述配合部21和所述固定部靠近所述外力作用结构。自身适应性较强，对安装精度要求不高。另外，其所述第一连接部92、所述第二连接部94和所述作用部93组成梯形结构或圆弧结构，在完成位置检测的基础上，使触发凸起32与行程开关机构的从接触到实际触发过程更加平稳，而且即使触发凸起32越过作用部93后，可在以相反的转向顺利越回该作用部93。
所述第一结构9和/或所述第二结构10为板状结构弯折成型或冲压成型。
上述断路器的工作过程如下：
正常状态时，所述电动机7正转驱动所述传动机构实现所述触头系统合闸，合闸后电动机7反转一定角度，此时，解锁所述驱动手柄6，用户可以根据情况自行分合闸；所述电动机7驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度(大于前面解锁驱动手柄电动机反转角度)后触发所述脱扣机构动作实现分闸。
当断路器在合闸状态下用户电表欠费后，电动机7驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度后触发联动件2动作，使其抵压部23压靠于所述脱扣轴8上实现分闸，此时，电动机7停止转动，保持所述脱扣轴8的脱扣位置，用户无法通过扳动驱动手柄6使触头系统合闸；只有电动机7转动使得传动机构脱离触发脱扣机构的位置后，断路器才可正常合闸。因此，用户续交电费前，即使人为扳动手柄合闸，由于脱扣机构处于触发状态，用户无法自行取电。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变 动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种断路器，其特征在于：包括壳体(1)和设置于所述壳体(1)内的触头系统，控制所述触头系统的传动机构，驱动所述传动机构的电动机(7)和驱动手柄(6)，以及脱扣机构；所述脱扣机构包括脱扣轴(8)以及触发所述脱扣轴(8)的联动件(2)，所述联动件(2)通过所述传动机构触发，所述电动机(7)正转和/或所述驱动手柄(6)正转驱动所述传动机构实现所述触头系统合闸，所述电动机(7)驱动所述传动机构反转设定角度，使所述传动机构触发所述联动件(2)，所述脱扣机构动作实现分闸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述联动件(2)包括联动件本体(22)，所述联动件本体(22)可转动地设置于所述壳体(1)上，该联动件本体(22)的一端设有与所述传动机构配合的配合部(21)，另一端设有与所述脱扣轴(8)配合的抵压部(23)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述传动机构上设有用于与所述配合部(21)配合的触发凸起(32)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述联动件(2)还包括复位弹性部(23)，所述复位弹性部(23)与设置于所述壳体(1)上的限位结构配合，在不受所述传动机构作用时，通过弹性力使所述联动件(2)绕轴转动远离所述脱扣轴(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述驱动手柄(6)与所述传动机构之间设有单向驱动结构，所述单向驱动结构适于在所述驱动手柄(6)正向转动时，所述传动机构与之同步转动；反向转动时，所述驱动手柄(6)无法带动所述传动系统。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述单向驱动结构为设置于驱动传动件(4)与从动传动件(5)之间的第二凸起(48)及第二凹槽(51)，所述驱动传动件(4)与所述从动传动件(5)绕同一轴线转动；所述驱动传动件(4)在所述电动机(7)的驱动下绕轴转动，所述从动传动件(5)与所述驱动手柄(6)固定配合，所述第二凹槽(51)的弧度大于所述驱动手柄(6)的最大转动角度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述驱动传动件(4)与所述电动机(7)之间设有齿轮传动机构，该齿轮传动机构包括与所述电动机固定连接的驱动齿轮，与所述驱动齿轮配合并带动所述驱动传动件(4)转动的从动齿轮(3)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述传动机构设有弹性储能组件，所述弹性储能组件在所述传动机构正向转动时释放弹性势能，使所述触头系统快速合闸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述弹性储能组件包括设置于所述驱动传动件(4)与所述壳体(1)之间的弹性件，所述驱动传动件(4)在正向转动过程，驱动所述弹性件的弹性力逐渐增大直至最大值，所述弹性件经过弹性力最大值的位置后，所述弹性 件的弹性力带动所述驱动传动件(4)快速转动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的断路器，其特征在于：所述驱动传动件(4)包括延伸面垂直于所述第一轴线且间隔设定距离的第一板(42)、第二板(43)和第三板(45)，所述第二板(43)相对的两端面通过第一连接结构(44)和第二连接结构(46)分别与所述第一板(42)和所述第三板(45)相连，所述第一连接结构(44)和所述第二连接结构(46)相对所述第一轴线设置与所述第二板(43)的边缘；所述弹性件为两个，分别枢接于所述第一板(42)与所述第二板(43)之间且靠近所述第一连接结构(44)位置，以及所述第二板(43)与所述第三板(45)之间且靠近所述第二连接结构(46)的连接轴上，所述两个所述弹性件的枢转轴接点连线通过所述驱动传动件(4)的转轴中心。
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