WO2017020516A1 - 一种基于水平定向钻孔液氮循环冻融增透抽采瓦斯方法 - Google Patents
一种基于水平定向钻孔液氮循环冻融增透抽采瓦斯方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017020516A1 WO2017020516A1 PCT/CN2015/099318 CN2015099318W WO2017020516A1 WO 2017020516 A1 WO2017020516 A1 WO 2017020516A1 CN 2015099318 W CN2015099318 W CN 2015099318W WO 2017020516 A1 WO2017020516 A1 WO 2017020516A1
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- liquid nitrogen
- coal seam
- temperature
- steel pipe
- resistant steel
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006902 nitrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for extracting gas, in particular to a method for refining and unloading gas based on horizontally oriented drilling liquid nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw.
- Gas disaster is the main cause of serious coal mine disasters in China. With the intensive coal mining and deepening of coal mining, gas emission is increasing, and gas explosion and gas outburst are becoming more and more difficult problems in mines.
- gas drainage is one of the most effective ways to solve gas disasters. China's coal seams are mostly high-gas and low-breathing coal seams. Gas drainage is difficult. Overcoming the problem of low gas drainage concentration and small amount of drainage has always been to control gas disasters.
- hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic slitting and pre-cracking blasting are often used to increase the permeability of the coal seam. However, as the depth of the coal increases, the permeability of the coal body becomes smaller and smaller, and the conventional coal seam is enhanced.
- the gas method has a small range of cracking and permeability, and the coal body cannot form a large-scale gas drainage crack network, which makes the gas extraction rate low and the gas control effect is not ideal.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for freezing and thawing gasification based on horizontally directional drilling liquid nitrogen circulation, which is enhanced by liquid nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw, promotes the development of cracks in low permeability coal seam, and communicates gas drainage.
- the gap network is used to effectively improve the gas drainage of the low permeability coal seam.
- the method for horizontally drilling a liquid nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw gasification and gas extraction method comprises the following steps:
- a main borehole is drilled along the coal seam bedding layer, the low roadway layer or the high roadway through the layer, and the main borehole is constructed according to the thickness of the coal seam. Arrive at a distance of 2 to 10 m from the upper edge of the coal seam, with the main borehole as the center of the circle, and use a horizontal directional drilling machine to evenly arrange a plurality of branch boreholes with the same angle and length of 30-50 m along the horizontal direction of the coal seam;
- the low-temperature resistant steel pipe is set in the main borehole.
- the front part of the low-temperature resistant steel pipe is a flower tube with a length of 1 to 3 m, and the front part of the flower tube is sealed; the low temperature resistant steel pipe is provided with a pressure measuring port, and the pressure measuring port is connected. Have a high pressure gauge;
- Two temperature measuring holes are symmetrically constructed on both sides of the low temperature resistant steel pipe.
- the distance L from the center of the two temperature measuring holes to the center of the main drilling hole is 30-50 m.
- the area between the two temperature measuring holes is cracked and enhanced by the coal seam.
- a temperature sensor is disposed in the temperature measuring hole, and the temperature sensor is connected to the digital display temperature meter disposed outside the orifice through the wire lead, and the inlet section of the temperature measuring hole is provided with a sensor sleeve fixed by the temperature measuring sealing section. Real-time monitoring through the front and rear push-pull movement of the temperature sensor in the sensor sleeve
- the temperature in the borehole temperature measurement zone, the length of the borehole temperature measurement zone set in the coal seam is 5-10 m;
- the water injection valve on the quick joint is removed, and the liquid nitrogen valve is installed, and the low temperature resistant steel pipe in the main borehole is arranged in the inlet or return air passage.
- the liquid nitrogen tank car is connected, the liquid nitrogen valve is opened, the liquid nitrogen is poured into the low temperature resistant steel pipe in the main borehole, and the temperature in the borehole temperature measurement area is monitored through the temperature measuring hole, and the average temperature at the two ends of the borehole temperature measuring area is averaged.
- the temperature is lower than -2 °C, it can be judged that the cracking and anti-permeability area of the coal seam is already frozen.
- the liquid nitrogen valve is closed to stop the nitrogen injection, and the coal body is naturally melted for 2 to 3 hours to complete the freeze-thaw cycle of a phase change cracking unit;
- the coal seam cracking and anti-dipping area between the two temperature measuring holes is subjected to gas drainage drilling to the coal seam, and gas drainage is performed;
- the coal seam is repeatedly injected with water and injected with liquid nitrogen through the low temperature resistant steel pipe and 6 branch boreholes, and the coal body is frozen in the multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Under the action of melting-freezing, the stress fatigue limit of the coal body is reached and cracking occurs.
- liquid nitrogen valve In the process of perfusion liquid nitrogen, when the pressure of liquid nitrogen in the low temperature resistant steel pipe exceeds 8 MPa, the liquid nitrogen valve is closed, and when the pressure is lower than 2 MPa, the liquid nitrogen valve is opened to continue to perfuse the liquid nitrogen.
- the plurality of branch boreholes (1) having the same angle and having a length of 30 to 50 m uniformly arranged along the horizontal direction of the coal seam are 4 to 8.
- the present invention is based on horizontally oriented drilling liquid nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw gasification and extraction gas, wherein: 1) Horizontal directional drilling technology is a combination of directional drilling technology of petroleum industry and traditional pipeline construction method.
- the new construction technology has achieved rapid development in more than ten years. It has the advantages of fast construction speed, high construction precision, low cost, and adapt to hard rock operation. It is widely used in construction projects, and its directional construction drilling is implementing coal mine guidance. There are unique advantages in drilling. Freezing and thawing is a common physical geological phenomenon and phenomenon in nature, especially in the construction of objects with relatively large temperature differences, such as highways and buildings in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the northern region.
- Freeze-thaw erosion is caused by the volume expansion of the water in the pores of the soil and its parent material or in the cracks of the rock, which causes the fracture to increase and increase, causing the whole soil or rock to break, and the resistance after ablation
- the stability of the eclipse is greatly reduced, and the displacement of the rock and soil along the slope is caused by gravity. Freezing and thawing erosion causes the frozen soil to repeatedly melt and freeze, resulting in the destruction, disturbance, deformation and even movement of the soil or rock mass.
- the alternating freezing and thawing of the moisture content on the surface of the structural member and the interior is called a freeze-thaw cycle.
- the recurrence of the freeze-thaw cycle causes serious damage to the structure of the object.
- the application of freeze-thaw erosion and circulation processes in the formation and cracking of coal bodies has broad prospects.
- 3) at atmospheric pressure, liquid nitrogen temperature up to -196 deg.] C, latent heat of vaporization 5.56kJ / mol, 1M 3 nitrogen may be expanded into 21 °C pure nitrogen gas of 696m 3, a large amount of heat can be absorbed by the surrounding vaporization.
- Liquid nitrogen has the advantages of simple preparation and wide source of raw materials. Liquid nitrogen can be used as an efficient refrigeration and anti-reflection medium in the freezing and thawing cycle of coal.
- the invention innovatively applies the freeze-thaw erosion phenomenon and the cyclic freeze-thaw to the coal body cracking and anti-reflection gas, and uses the branch drilling to guide the medium water to penetrate into the coal body, and the cryogenic liquid nitrogen acts as the refrigerant medium, and gasification The expansion is 696 times of nitrogen.
- the expansion effectively accelerates the migration of water in the macroscopic fractures of the coal body and increases the moisture content in the microscopic pores, so that the freeze-thaw cycle has a larger anti-permeability zone;
- the expansion force cooperates with the water phase frost heave force and the flow osmotic pressure to promote the macroscopic fracture propagation and the micro-crack development in the coal body, which makes the freeze-thaw efficiency high. And has the following advantages:
- the liquid medium in the coal body produces a "freezing-expansion-thaw-freezing" cycle, and the coal seam reaches the fatigue and stress limit under the alternating stress, the frost heaving force of the water phase change, and the expansion force of the liquid nitrogen vaporization.
- the macro-fracture development communication and micro-porosity development are promoted to form a gas drainage fracture network, which can effectively unload the coal seam pressure and increase the coal seam permeability.
- Six branches are drilled in 360° along the coal seam. The branch drilling guides the medium water and the refrigerant medium to penetrate into the coal body.
- the freeze-thaw range can reach 30 ⁇ 60m. After the freeze-thaw range is extended, the freeze-thaw units can be significantly reduced. Number and number of holes drilled by gas;
- the low-temperature resistant steel pipe is connected to the freeze-thaw unit through a quick joint.
- the front tube of the steel pipe can transport the medium water and liquid nitrogen in an all-round way, realizing “one-tube multi-purpose” and saving engineering quantity;
- the single-hole extraction volume and extraction concentration of the coal seam gas can be effectively increased, and the gas concentration decay time can be prolonged;
- the refrigerant medium can absorb a large amount of heat when vaporized by liquid nitrogen, it has a good cooling effect on the coal body, and has positive significance for preventing coal seam fire.
- the method of the invention effectively solves the problems of low gas drainage efficiency, long extraction period and small influence range of the extraction and drilling of the high gas and low gas permeable coal seam, and has wide practicality.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for leaching and immersing liquid nitrogen in a layered directional drilling of a coal seam
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement and connection of steel pipes in the main borehole of Figures 1, 5 and 6;
- FIG 4 is a schematic view of the temperature measuring hole of the B-B section in Figures 2 and 7;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for liquid-nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw gasification and gas extraction in an uphole hole of a low passway;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for liquid-nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw gasification and gas extraction in a high-level roadway through-hole;
- Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C and D-D of Figures 5 and 6.
- the method for horizontally boring drilling liquid nitrogen circulation freeze-thaw gasification and gas extraction according to the invention has the following specific steps:
- a. Constructing a main borehole 3 in the inlet duct or return air duct 6 of the coal mining layer along the coal seam bedding layer, the low roadway layer or the high roadway layer to the anti-reflection coal seam 7 according to the thickness of the coal seam 7
- the main borehole 3 reaches 2 ⁇ 10m away from the upper edge of the coal seam 7.
- the main borehole 3 is taken as the center, and the guiding function of the horizontal directional drilling machine is used to evenly arrange the directional construction along the horizontal direction of the coal seam 7 ⁇ 8 branch holes 1 having a length of 30 to 50 m;
- the low-temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 is set in the main borehole 3.
- the front part of the low-temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 is a flower tube 2 with a length of 1 to 3 m, and the front part of the flower tube 2 is sealed;
- the distance L between the center of the two temperature measuring holes 9 to the center of the main drilling hole 3 is 30 to 50 m, between the two temperature measuring holes 9
- the area is a crack-enhanced area of the coal seam, and a temperature sensor 9-2 is disposed in the temperature measuring hole 9, and the temperature sensor 9-2 is connected to the digital display temperature meter 9-5 disposed outside the orifice through the wire lead, and the temperature measuring hole is connected.
- the inlet section of 9 is provided with a sensor sleeve 9-3 fixed by the temperature measuring sealing section 9-4, and the temperature sensing area 9-2 is moved forward and backward in the sensor sleeve 9-3 to monitor the drilling temperature measuring area in real time.
- the temperature in 9-1, the length of the borehole temperature measuring zone 9-1 is 5 to 10 m in the coal seam 7;
- the water injection device 8-1 located in the inlet or return air passage 6 the water is injected into the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 via the quick joint 5, and the injected water is shunted from the six branches by the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1. Entering within the borehole 1, the infiltration remains in the coal body and continues to seep into the smaller coal seam fissures;
- the water injection valve 5-1 on the quick joint 5 is removed, and the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 is installed, and the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 in the main bore 3 is
- the liquid nitrogen tank truck 8-2 located in the inlet wind passage or the return air passage 6 is connected, the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 is opened, and the liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen is poured into the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 in the main borehole 3.
- the expansion causes the expansion pressure, and the liquid nitrogenation process absorbs a lot of heat, and the water injected into the coal seam branch and the surrounding water are rapidly frozen. During the freezing process, the free water in the coal seam crack is gradually converted from liquid to solid, and the phase change changes.
- the temperature hole 9 monitors the temperature in the borehole temperature measuring zone 9-1.
- the average temperature of the two ends in the borehole temperature measuring zone 9-1 is lower than -2 °C, it can be determined that the coal seam cracking and antireflection zone is already frozen.
- Close the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 to stop the nitrogen injection let the coal body melt naturally for 2 ⁇ 3h, complete the freeze-thaw cycle of a phase change cracking unit; the freezing and swelling force of the coal body in the water phase, the liquid nitrogen expansion force and the micropores Under the action of liquid flow osmotic pressure, the macro-fracture and micro-fractures are expanded to form a fracture network and increase the permeability of the coal seam. ;
- the coal seam 7 is repeatedly filled with water and injected with liquid nitrogen through the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 and 6 branch drilling holes 1 to increase the permeability of the coal seam around the drilling hole.
- the coal body reaches the stress fatigue limit of the coal body under the alternating action of “freezing-thawing-freezing” in multiple freeze-thaw cycles, resulting in cracking.
- liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 In the process of infusing liquid nitrogen, when the pressure of the liquid nitrogen in the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 exceeds 8 MPa, the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 is closed, and when the pressure is lower than 2 MPa, the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 is opened to continue to perfuse the liquid nitrogen.
- a main borehole 3 is constructed in the area of the anti-drainage coal seam. According to the thickness of the coal seam 7, the main borehole 3 reaches 2 to 10 m from the upper edge of the coal seam 7, with the main borehole 3 as the center.
- six branch holes 1 with a length of 30-50 m are oriented along the horizontal direction of the coal seam 7 at a horizontal interval of 60°; after the drilling, the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 is introduced into the main drilling hole 3, and the low temperature resistant steel pipe is introduced.
- the front part of 3-1 is flower tube 2 with length of 1 ⁇ 3m, the front part of flower tube 2 is sealed, which is convenient for conveying medium water and liquid nitrogen in all directions; the low temperature resistant steel tube 3-1 is provided with pressure measuring port, and the pressure measuring port is connected with high pressure.
- the inlet section of the temperature measuring hole 9 is provided with a sensor sleeve 9-3 fixed by the temperature measuring sealing section 9-4, and the push-pull movement of the temperature sensor 9-2 in the sensor sleeve 9-3 is used to monitor the drilling in real time.
- the temperature in the hole temperature measuring zone 9-1, the borehole temperature measuring zone 9-1 is set in the coal seam 7 and the length is 5-10 m; then the water injection device 8-1 is injected into the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1, and the water injection pressure is controlled 5 ⁇ 10MPa, after the water injection is finished, the main drilling water injection valve 5-1 is closed, and the injected water is infiltrated along the 6 branch drill holes 1 and remains in the coal body and continues to seep into the smaller cracks; after the water seepage for 2 to 3 hours, The water injection valve 5-1 is removed, the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1 is connected with the liquid nitrogen tank truck 8-2, the liquid nitrogen valve 5-2 is opened, and the liquid nitrogen is poured into the low temperature resistant steel pipe 3-1, and the nitrogen injection pressure is controlled at 2-8 MPa.
- the drilling is repeatedly injected and injected with liquid nitrogen, and under the alternating action of “freezing-thawing-freezing” in the repeated freezing and thawing cycle, the fatigue limit of the coal body is reached. Cracking.
- the low-level lane 11 is subjected to the upward directional drilling liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing anti-extrusion extraction pressure-removing gas, which is basically the same as the first embodiment.
- the different parts mainly implement the freeze-thaw unit from the low-level lane 11 through the upper part of the coal seam 7 to the freeze-thaw and anti-permeability area.
- the main borehole penetrates the rock formation to the coal seam 7. According to the thickness of the coal seam, the main borehole should be driven into the coal seam 10m ⁇ 100m. .
- the rest is the same as in the first embodiment, and the same parts are omitted.
- the high-grade lane 12 is subjected to the downward directed directional drilling liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing anti-extrusion extraction pressure-removing gas, which is basically the same as the first embodiment.
- the different parts mainly implement the freezing and thawing unit from the high-level lane 12 through the lower part of the coal seam 7 to the freeze-thaw and anti-permeability area.
- the main drilling depth should penetrate the rock layer to the coal seam 7. According to the thickness of the coal seam, the main borehole should be driven into the coal seam 10m ⁇ 100m. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment, and the same parts are omitted.
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Abstract
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Claims (3)
- 一种基于水平定向钻孔液氮循环冻融增透抽采瓦斯方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:a.在回采煤层的进风巷或回风巷(6)内沿煤层顺层、低位巷穿层或高位巷穿层方向向增透抽采煤层(7)施工一个主钻孔(3),根据煤层(7)的厚度,主钻孔(3)到达距煤层(7)上部边缘2~10m处,以主钻孔(3)为圆心,采用水平定向钻机沿煤层(7)水平方向均匀布置定向施工多个角度相同、长度为30~50m的分支钻孔(1);b.退钻后在主钻孔(3)内设置耐低温钢管(3-1),耐低温钢管(3-1)前部为长度1~3m的花管(2),花管(2)前部封口;耐低温钢管(3-1)上设有测压口,测压口处连接有高压压力表(13);c.通过注浆泵向耐低温钢管(3-1)与主钻孔(3)之间的缝隙注入配置好的高压钻孔密封材料浆液实施注浆封孔,注浆封孔段(4)的长度H为15~25m;d.在耐低温钢管(3-1)两侧对称施工两个测温孔(9),两个测温孔(9)中心至主钻孔(3)中心的距离L为30~50m,两个测温孔(9)之间的区域为煤层致裂增透区域,在测温孔(9)内设置一温度传感器(9-2),温度传感器(9-2)经导线引出与设在孔口外的数显式温度仪(9-5)相连,测温孔(9)的入口段设有由测温封孔段(9-4)固定的传感器套管(9-3),通过温度传感器(9-2)在传感器套管(9-3)内的前后推拉移动,实时监测钻孔测温区(9-1)内温度,钻孔测温区(9-1)设置在煤层(7)中的长度为5~10m;e.利用设在进风巷或回风巷(6)内的注水装置(8-1),经快速接头(5)向耐低温钢管(3-1)内注水,注入的水经耐低温钢管(3-1)分流从6个分支钻孔(1)内进入,渗透留存在煤体中,并持续渗流进入更微小的煤层裂隙中;f.待注入水在煤体内渗流2~3h后,将快速接头(5)上的注水阀门(5-1)拆除,装上液氮阀门(5-2),将主钻孔(3)内的耐低温钢管(3-1)与设在进风巷或回风巷(6)内的液氮槽车(8-2)相连接,开启液氮阀门(5-2),向主钻孔(3)内的耐低温钢管(3-1)内灌注液氮,通过测温孔(9)监测钻孔测温区(9-1)内的温度,当钻孔测温区(9-1)内两端平均温度低于-2℃时,可以判定煤层致裂增透区域已经处于冻结状态,关闭液氮阀门(5-2)停止注氮,让煤体自然融化2~3h,完成一个相变致裂单元的冻融循环;g.按常规方法,在两个测温孔(9)之间的煤层致裂增透区域向煤层实施瓦斯抽采钻孔,并进行瓦斯抽采;h.瓦斯抽采过程中,根据瓦斯抽采效果变化,经耐低温钢管(3-1)和6个分支钻孔 (1)对煤层(7)进行多次重复注水和注入液氮作业,煤体在多次冻融循环中“冻结—融化—冻结”交变作用下,达到煤体应力疲劳极限,产生致裂。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于水平定向钻孔液氮循环冻融增透抽采瓦斯方法,其特征在于:在灌注液氮过程中,耐低温钢管(3-1)内液氮的压力超过8MPa时,关闭液氮阀门(5-2),待压力低于2MPa时,打开液氮阀门(5-2)继续灌注液氮。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于水平定向钻孔液氮循环冻融增透抽采瓦斯方法,其特征在于:所述沿煤层(7)水平方向均匀布置定向施工的多个角度相同、长度为30~50m的分支钻孔(1)为4~8个。
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CN108361061A (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-03 | 河南理工大学 | 低渗煤层电爆震及微波辅助液氮冻融增透装置及方法 |
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CN110107306A (zh) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-08-09 | 重庆大学 | 一种盾构施工中孤石的热破岩处置方法 |
CN112709574A (zh) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 | 基于可控冲击波增透的突出煤层消突方法 |
CN110907335A (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-24 | 华北科技学院 | 一种煤层瓦斯透气率模拟实验装置及其控制方法 |
CN112834559A (zh) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-05-25 | 安徽理工大学 | 一种可考虑温度梯度的岩石冻融循环实验装置 |
CN113482697A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-08 | 华能铜川照金煤电有限公司西川煤矿分公司 | 综采工作面回撤期间采空区的注氮防火装置及措施 |
CN115387775A (zh) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-25 | 太原理工大学 | 基于树状长钻孔的邻近煤层开采瓦斯协同抽采消突方法 |
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AU2015383062B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 |
US10577891B2 (en) | 2020-03-03 |
CN105134284A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
AU2015383062A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
US20170175489A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
CN105134284B (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
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