WO2017018868A1

WO2017018868A1 - Capsule for shelter against abnormal events

Info

Publication number: WO2017018868A1
Application number: PCT/MX2015/000111
Authority: WO
Inventors: Reynaldo VELA COREÑO
Original assignee: Vela Coreño Reynaldo
Priority date: 2015-07-28
Filing date: 2015-07-28
Publication date: 2017-02-02
Also published as: MX2015011380A

Abstract

The invention relates to a capsule for shelter against abnormal events, having an ovate asymmetric shape and having compound materials that can support physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial loading, lateral loading, shear forces, compression, tension, bending and including accidents caused by fire and floods. The ovate asymmetric shape that is convex towards the poles of the capsule permits a uniform dissipation of the pressure on the structure and the anchoring points, while also reducing the loading points at the ends. The base of the capsule provides greater rigidity and stability at the time of an impact or collapse caused by a structure.

Description

CAPSULE OF RESGUARDO BEFORE ABNORMAL EVENTS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is related to the construction, real estate and civil protection industry, specifically with a capsule for protection against abnormal events. The capsule is a device for protecting, safeguarding and safeguarding the life and integrity of an Individual by staying inside the capsule during an abnormal event, whether it is a natural disaster such as earthquakes, floods, fires, tornadoes, cyclones , or any event that puts the occupant's life at risk.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Natural disasters are phenomena that cause maternal losses and human lives caused by events such as earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, landslides, deforestation and other lands.

There are disasters that are a consequence of human activities, such as armed conflicts, citizen mobilizations and in general, various conflicts and social differences that promote insecurity. The effects of a disaster can be amplified due to poor planning of human beings _. , lack of security measures, emergency plans and warning systems as well as adequate equipment for the protection of people during natural events.

Currently there are several devices that provide protection and protection to its occupants in the presence of abnormal events. Currently there are several devices that provide protection and protection to its occupants in the presence of abnormal events. Based on the physical characteristics, shape and dimensions of the capsules, Chinese patent CN 101279124A "Anti-seismic life-saving capsule stored permanentty indoor" refers to an anti-seismic escape capsule for use inside buildings that It comprises a device that can be displaced with rotating means, an angled triangular iron structure in the upper part, a diagonal steel tube, an inclined steel strut tube and a vertical steel strut tube, a steel crest tube and a steel transverse beam tube forming the lower rectangular body of the capsule, a water storage tank, a rescue tool box, a food storage tank, screws for fixing a steel sheet of the cover top of the capsule to the steel plate of the top part of the capsule, When an earthquake occurs, occupants can shelter in the escape pod in two or three seconds It also has a radio communicator, an alarm, a lighting light, helmets and casual clothes to protect up to two people on a flexible mat. However, the materials that make up the capsule lack the ability to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression _. , tension, bending and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods, in addition the dimensions and shape of the capsule occupies greater volume inside the building.

Chinese patent CN102728G12A "Novel multifunctional high-rise building earthquake and fire hedge escape capsule system" refers to a multifunctional exhaust capsule system for fire protection and for the presence of earthquakes buildings years, The system comprises a sealed exhaust capsule, whose front outer wall is provided with a bookcase; The rear part of the capsule is provided with a rear door where an air outlet is located; Inside the capsule is a safety box in one of the corners, a closet in the central part of the capsule and a multimedia system for the control and monitoring of weather conditions. In the upper part of the closet there is an armchair with a safety belt and a helmet. In the lower part of the capsule there is a ventilation grill and a LEO reflector. However, the capsule does not have materials that have the capacity to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods, in addition to the dimensions and the capsule shape occupies a larger volume lower than the property.

German patent DE4329245A1 "Survívai capsule for global catastrophes" refers to an apparatus to survive a global disaster, tsunami or any type of disaster, for example during the collision of an asteroid with Earth. Ef apparatus consists of a capsule for one or more people with means of survival and displacement where the infernal spherical capsule floats in a second external spherical capsule which is an elastic means of assembly and displacement. The capsule is supported by at least six legs with their respective spherical contact surfaces and impact absorbers. The entrance to the capsule is through an access door with retractable boarding device with at least one bulletproof window. Inside the capsule there is a housing for the supply of food, water, tools and medicines between others; a seat with safety belts for holding people; a system for measuring temperature, humidity, air pressure and oxygen concentration. On top of the outer capsule a container for balloon and parachute is located. However, the patent does not indicate the materials that make up the capsule to identify its ability to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, bending and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods, In addition, its dimensions require wider spaces inside the property or open or outdoor spaces. Japanese patent JP4886082B1 "Capsule permitting one-month stay for emergency evacuation from earthquake, seismic sea wave, fire and burglary" refers to a capsule for the protection of people and that can be installed in a room or terrace. Once the abnormal event passes, a rescue system can be used that includes the activation of a switch so that, through an engine, pull and guide the capsule held with a cable for rescue. In case the conditions are less optimal, the capsule provides the survival conditions because it has food supplies _» drinking water and communication with the outside with a durability of thirty days. However, the capsule does not have the appropriate materials to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, bending and even sinister by fire, ballistics and flooding. Similarly, the dimensions prevent the capsule from being installed in places with small spaces, as well as the need for a complementary system of stainless steel motors and cables, restricting the use for a greater number of people, based on the physical and material characteristics that make up the capsules, WO 2001053832 Á1 "Recue capsule for free standing installation insisted on building" refers to a rescue capsule for installation inside buildings and that allows sheltering in one emergency situation one or more occupants. The capsule consists of a rigid outer structure mainly of metallic materials to support loads and an internal protection structure for the occupants. Inside it has first aid fittings, seats with safety belts, water supplements, food, alarm systems, radio and tools. However, the capsule does not have the materials, shape or dimensions suitable to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods. Similarly, the dimensions prevent the capsule from installing in places with small spaces.

Brazilian patent WO 2013059890 A1 "Profactive capsule for human beings" refers to a capsule for the protection of human beings during catastrophic events caused by human or natural. The capsule has a sensor system to identify small tremors and activate an alarm. The capsule consists of a conical shape with at least 4 legs that hold the capsule, a gate for access to the capsule and various items inside the capsule such as oxygen, water, food, lighting, dome for emergency exit between hear you However, the capsule does not have the materials, shape or dimensions suitable to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods. Likewise, the dimensions prevent the capsule from installing in places with small spaces. The patents described do not have materials that allow physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire and flooding unlike the present invention.

OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to have a capsule for the protection of people in the presence of abnormal events such as natural disasters or events caused by human activities.

Another objective is to have a capsule whose convex oval asymmetric shape and the materials that make it up allow to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire and floods.

Another objective is to have a capsule that emits an alert signal to indicate the need to take shelter inside the capsule in a timely manner.

Also, more objects and advantages of the present invention may be apparent from the study of the present description and the accompanying drawings for illustrative and non-limiting purposes only.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the presence of unpredictable natural disasters or with a limited period of time to react, as well as disasters caused by human activities, it is necessary to have devices capable of protecting people from such events. abnormal

The present invention consists of a capsule for protection against abnormal events consisting of state-of-the-art composite materials in technological development capable of withstanding physical-mechanical tests such as impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister fire and flood

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1. Shows a front view of the capsule

Figure 2. Shows a posterior view of the capsule.

Figure 3. Shows a side view of the capsule,

Figure 4. Shows a cross-sectional view of the capsule.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention consists of a backup capsule for abnormal events that has an convex oval asymmetric shape and whose composite materials are capable of withstanding physical and mechanical tests such as Impact, axial load, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire and floods.

The convex oval asymmetric shape towards the capsule poles allows a uniform dissipation of the pressure on the structure and the anchor points, while the points are also reduced We will exert cargo. The base of the capsule provides greater rigidity and stability when having an impact or collapse caused by some structure. The capsule of protection against abnormal events can protect at least one person being their entrance through an airtight door that opens with a handle to facilitate the opening of the door at the time of entering or leaving the capsule. The hermetic door comprises an eclipse-shaped glass or plastic sight glass whose thickness is equivalent to the thickness of the door. The inside of the capsule has at least one seat with a seat belt; a survival equipment comprising a first aid kit, a means of communication and a feeding and nitration kit with a 30-day supply capacity.

The structure of the capsule for protection against abnormal events is made up of various layers of materials that can be chosen, but not limited, from metallic and polymeric (plastic, synthesized polyamides and synthetic fibers). The capsule is made up of at least two layers of any of the following materials;

Polyester resin The polyester resin comprises a layer that can be chosen, but not limited to, between 0.5 and 5 cm, preferably 1.5 cm of unsaturated, pre-accelerated and thixotropic resin, carbon fiber being added in a proportion that can go, but without limitation, between 15% and 50%, preferably 30% and fiberglass with fire retardant 8 n a proportion that can go, but not limited, between 15% and 50%, preferably 30%, This layer can be integrated fiberglass and resin regidizer in a proportion with respect to the thickness that can go, but not limited, between 20% and 70%, preferably 50%

Some of the mechanical properties of the resin are the tensile strength equivalent to 8,000 psi, tensile modulus of tension of 5.1 x 10 ⁵ psi, elongation tension of 2%, flexural strength equivalent to 13,500 psi, barcol hardness 35 and maximum heat distortion temperature of 72 ° C, which provide you with a low level of contraction. Synthesized polyamide

The synthesized polyamide comprises at least one layer whose thickness can be chosen, but not limited to, between 0.2 and 5 cm, preferably 0.7 cm of polyamide synthesized from polyparaphenylene terephthalamide (kevlar). This layer can be integrated with unsaturated, pre-accelerated and fixotropic polyester resin in a proportion with respect to the thickness that can go, but not limited to, between 20% and 70%, preferably 50%.

Polypropylene Honeycomb

The honeycomb comprises a 1 cm layer of polypropylene and fiberglass honeycomb whose cell size can go, but is not limited, between 6 mm and 10 mm, preferably 8 mm and the core density between 0.06 and 0 , 10 g / crrr ³ .. preferably 0.08 g / cm ^-3 .

Carbon fiber rod

The carbon fiber rod comprises a layer that can be chosen, but not limited to, between 0.5 and 5 cm, preferably 2 cm with ½ inch carbon fiber rod assembly with a 7cm x 7cm reticular aperture size cast with unsaturated, pre-accelerated and thixotropic polyester resin and with 70% fiberglass and its respective fire relays. Carbon fiber has a density of 1,750 kg / m ³ and 193 gr / m ^2. Some of the mechanical properties of the resin are tensile strength equivalent to 11,000 psi and flexural strength equivalent to 13,500 psi. Synthesized polyamide

The synthesized polyamide comprises at least a 0.7 ero layer of poly ip araf synthesized polyamide in it in terephthalamide (kevlar). Unsaturated, pre-accelerated and thixotropic polyester resin can be integrated in this layer in a proportion to the thickness that can go , but not limited, between 20% and 70%, preferably 50%.

Thermoacoustic insulation

The thermoacoustic insulator comprises a layer that can be chosen, but not limited to, between 0.5 and 5 cm, preferably 2.54 cm and whose material can be chosen, but not limited to, from fiberglass bonded with phenyl resin thermal setting to withstand temperatures up to 320 ° C. The thermoacoustic insulation can be compressed in the placement at 1 cm thick.

The thermoacoustic insulator provides low thermal conductivity, in addition to the high degree of efficiency in sound absorption, vibration resistance, rejection of corrosion in steel, copper and aluminum, lightness and fireproof and res i lens, with an R value ranging from 3.5 to 8.7, The temperature limits of the vapor barrier go up to 68 ° C, with a permanence of water vapor of 0.02 perms, water vapor absorption less than 3% by weight at 49 ° C, Finish

The finish comprises a 1 cm layer formed by padded upholstery of sponge inside the layer and synthetic material as a substitute for leather finishing outside the layer. Figure 1 shows a front view of the capsule of protection against abnormal events formed by the convex oval asymmetric device (1), the hermetic door (2), the base of the capsule (3), the peephole (4) in the door airtight (2) and the handle (5) for opening and closing the airtight door (2). The dimensions of the capsule for protection against abnormal events may range, but are not limited, between 1 to 3 meters high, preferably 2 meters and 0.50 to 1.70 meters wide, preferably 1.20 meters.

Figure 2 shows a rear view of the capsule of protection against abnormal events formed by the convex oval asymmetric device (1), and the base of the capsule (3),

Figure 3 shows a side view of the capsule in case of abnormal events formed by the convex oval asymmetric device (1), the hermetic door (2), the base of the capsule (3) and the sight glass (4) in the door airtight (2).

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the capsule in case of abnormal events consisting of seven layers of composite materials (6) that can be chosen, but not limited to, from polyester resin, synthesized polyamide, polypropylene honeycomb, rod of carbon fiber, synthesized polyamide, iermoacoustic insulation and a finish; the Inner part of the capsule (7) It includes the seat with a seat belt (8), the miril (4) and the base of the capsule (3). The inner part of the capsule may contain a survival kit comprising a first aid kit, a means of communication and a feeding and hydration kit. The communication medium comprises a radio communicator, a GPS locator and a connection with the seismic alarm,

Some of the advantages of the present invention are;

● Its use is intended for a single user, providing adequate conditions of protection and survival.

● The dimensions of the capsule allow its installation in small spaces.

● Access to the capsule is easy and practical for any user Regardless of their physical conditions.

● The dimensions and materials that make it up guarantee tightness and thermal, acoustic, ballistic, floating and light resistance.

● The capsule works as a complement to be able to rescue the occupational occupancy of the structurally not reinforced buildings damaged by past earthquakes.

Its futuristic avant-garde design, which is fully automated, and the engineering of composite materials that make up the mechanical resistance in case of the collapse of the building that houses it provide the security of safeguarding the life of the person inside it . It is noted that the best method known by the applicant to carry out the invention is that it results from the present description,

Claims

Having described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore the expressed and contained in the following claims clauses are claimed as property,

1. A backup capsule for abnormal events that includes:

a) a convex oval asymmetric device consisting of at least two layers of polymeric materials that allows the protection of at least one person and the uniform dissipation of the pressure on the structure and the anchor points reducing the load points at the ends,

b) a hermetic door with sight glass for visibility outside the capsule and handle allowing access to the convex oval asymmetric device,

c) a capsule base that provides rigidity and stability against impacts or collapses of structures,

d) a sight glass containing the hermetic door for user visibility outside the capsule,

characterized in that one of the layers of polymeric material is carbon fiber rod with a tensile strength equivalent to 11,000 psi and a flexural strength equivalent to 13,500 psi which gives it lightness and ability to withstand physical-mechanical tests such as impact, load axial, lateral load, shear forces, compression, tension, flexion and even sinister by fire, ballistics and floods.

2. the capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the convex oval asymmetric device in part a) can range from 1 to 3 meters high and 0.50 to 1.70 meters in length. width.

3. The backup capsule for abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the interior of (a backup capsule comprises a seat with a seat belt, a survival kit with first aid kit, a means of communication, a feeding and hydration kit with a 30-day supply capacity,

4. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 3, characterized in that the communication means comprises a radio communicator, a GPS locator and a connection with the seismic alarm.

5. The capsule for protection against abnormal events in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the layer of potassium resin that forms the capsule can range from 1 to 3 centimeters,

6. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 5, characterized in that carbon fiber can be added to the polyester resin layer that forms the capsule in a proportion between 15% and 50%, glass fiber with fire retardant in a proportion between 15% and 50% and fiberglass and resin regidizer in a proportion between 20% and 70%.

7. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of synthesized polyamide that forms the capsule can range from 0.5 to 2 centimeters.

8. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 7, characterized in that the unsaturated, pre-accelerated and thixolropic polyester resin can be integrated in the proportion of 20% to 70% in the proportion of 20% to 70%. .

9. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the polypropylene honeycomb layer that forms the capsule can range from 0.5 to 2 centimeters.

10. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell size of the polypropylene honeycomb layer can range between 6mm and 10mm and the core density between 0.06 and 0.10 g / cm ^-3 .

11. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of carbon fiber rod that forms the capsule can range from 1 to 3 centimeters.

12. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoacoustic insulating layer that forms the capsule can go from 0.5 to 2 inches.

13. The capsule for protection against abnormal events according to claim 1, characterized in that the finishing that forms the inside of the capsule can range from 2 centimeters.

14. The backup capsule for abnormal events of in accordance with claim 1, characterized; because the capsule emits an alert signal to indicate the need for shelter inside.