WO2017016085A1 - 一种单x射线源血液辐照装置及其辐照方法 - Google Patents

一种单x射线源血液辐照装置及其辐照方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016085A1
WO2017016085A1 PCT/CN2015/093146 CN2015093146W WO2017016085A1 WO 2017016085 A1 WO2017016085 A1 WO 2017016085A1 CN 2015093146 W CN2015093146 W CN 2015093146W WO 2017016085 A1 WO2017016085 A1 WO 2017016085A1
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blood
blood bag
wall
receiver
bag receiver
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PCT/CN2015/093146
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English (en)
French (fr)
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代秋声
徐如祥
杨磊
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江苏摩科特医疗科技有限公司
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Priority to EP15899437.6A priority Critical patent/EP3318292B1/en
Publication of WO2017016085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017016085A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
    • A61M1/0272—Apparatus for treatment of blood or blood constituents prior to or for conservation, e.g. freezing, drying or centrifuging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
    • A61M1/0281—Apparatus for treatment of blood or blood constituents prior to transfusion, e.g. washing, filtering or thawing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3681—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of blood irradiation instruments, in particular to a single X-ray source blood irradiation device and a method for irradiating with a single X-ray source blood irradiation device.
  • Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease is a patient with immunodeficiency or immunosuppression. It cannot clear the immunologically active lymphocytes in the blood, so that it can be engrafted and proliferated in the body, and the patient's tissues and organs are recognized as non- A deadly transfusion complication of substance and as a target for immune attack and destruction.
  • the clinical manifestations of TA-GVHD lack specificity and are easily missed and misdiagnosed.
  • the number of receptor-inducing lymphocytes that cause TA-GVHD should be greater than 10 7 /kg, and if less than 10 5 / kg, it will not cause TA-GVHD.
  • lymphocytes are sensitive to radiation, and the immune-active lymphocytes can be inactivated by appropriate doses of radiation, and the proliferative ability is lost. It has little effect on the function of red blood cells and platelets and the activity of blood coagulation factors.
  • the application rate in developed countries has reached 30% to 40%.
  • a blood irradiator is a medical device that uses radiation to illuminate blood or blood products, inactivates lymphocytes, and prevents TA-GVHD diseases in blood transfusion activities.
  • blood irradiators can be divided into two categories, one is the use of radioactive sources (mainly Cs-137, Co-60) to generate gamma rays to irradiate blood or blood products, the other is to use X-ray tube to produce X-rays illuminate blood or blood products.
  • Radioactive source blood irradiator equipment needs to be assembled hundreds of times The isotope source of thousands of Curies, which presents a potential risk of nuclear leakage.
  • the X-ray source blood irradiator has no risk of nuclear leakage, and there is no radiation generated when the device is powered off.
  • the X-ray source blood irradiator has the disadvantages of low X-ray energy and uneven single-source irradiation, and cannot meet the requirements for uniformity of radiation in the blood irradiator standard (national standard requires non-uniform irradiation of blood irradiator) Sex ⁇ 20%).
  • the X-ray energy generated by ordinary X-ray sources is generally below 200 keV. It is easily absorbed by shallow blood in the process of illuminating blood or blood products, so that the number of X-rays reaching deep is rapidly reduced.
  • the Chinese invention patent publication number is: CN104324425A
  • the invention name is: "A blood irradiation apparatus" patent document discloses a blood irradiation.
  • the device uses the position of the cavity in the rotation of the turntable to realize that the upper and lower surfaces of the blood bag are alternately illuminated. As shown in Fig. 1, for example, at the position of A, X-rays are incident from below the blood bag, to the position of C, and become incident from above the blood bag. In this way, the uniformity of irradiation of blood or blood products in the blood bag is improved, but the irradiation time is forced to be multiplied and the use is not convenient.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a single X-ray source blood irradiation apparatus comprising:
  • a rack and an X-ray tube disposed on the rack, a blood bag receiver disposed under the X-ray tube, the blood bag receiver being composed of a bottom plate, and an outer wall and an inner wall disposed on the bottom plate, An annular blood bag accommodating cavity is defined between the outer wall and the inner wall, and the blood bag accommodating cavity is for placing a blood bag to be irradiated, wherein the blood bag contains blood or blood products, and the blood bag
  • the bottom plate of the receiver is movably disposed on the frame by a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the rotating electrical machine through a transmission member.
  • outer wall and the inner wall are parallel, and both are inclined to the bottom plate.
  • the distance between the outer wall and the inner wall matches the thickness of the blood bag.
  • the blood bag receiver is of a truncated cone type or a prismatic type.
  • the inner wall of the blood bag receiver is composed of an X-ray transparent material.
  • the rack is provided with a dose monitoring device, and the dose monitoring device is disposed under the blood bag receiver for detecting the absorbed dose of the blood bag.
  • the rack is further provided with a high-voltage power source for supplying power to the X-ray tube; and the high-voltage power source and the X-ray tube are provided with heat dissipating devices.
  • the X-ray tube After the blood bag is placed in the blood bag housing cavity, the X-ray tube starts to work;
  • the rotary motor drives the blood bag receiver to accelerate in one direction;
  • the current angular velocity of the blood bag receiver is detected.
  • the blood bag receiver starts to decelerate; when the angular velocity of the blood bag receiver is zero, the previous rotation direction is pressed again.
  • the reverse acceleration rotation is performed, and the current angular velocity of the blood bag receiver is re-detected; until the predetermined stop condition is reached, the blood bag receiver stops rotating and the X-ray tube is turned off.
  • control of the blood bag receiver stops rotating until the predetermined stop condition is reached, and the X-ray tube is closed:
  • the absorbed dose of the blood bag is detected.
  • the blood bag receiver stops rotating and the X-ray tube is closed.
  • control of the blood bag receiver stops rotating until the predetermined stop condition is reached, and the X-ray tube is closed:
  • the rotation time or the number of rotations of the blood bag receiver is detected.
  • the rotation time or the number of rotations reaches a predetermined value, the blood bag receiver stops rotating and the X-ray tube is turned off.
  • the invention allows the blood bag to surround the X-ray tube, fully utilizes the X-rays generated by the X-ray tube, and improves the utilization efficiency; and uses a rotating electric machine to rotate the blood bag carrying container back and forth, forcing blood or blood products in the blood bag to flow, The blood or blood products of each local area are exchanged for position, thereby improving the uniformity of irradiation of blood or blood products.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the blood irradiation apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a structure of a blood bag receiver in the blood irradiation device of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another structure of a blood bag receiver in the blood irradiation device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the blood bag receiver and the blood bag position in the blood irradiation device of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the working flow of the irradiation method of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a single X-ray source blood irradiation apparatus, including:
  • a rack 1 and an X-ray tube 2 disposed on the rack 1 a blood bag receiver 3 is disposed below the X-ray tube 2, the blood bag receiver 3 is provided by the bottom plate 31, and is disposed on the bottom plate An outer wall 32 and an inner wall 33 on the 31, an annular blood bag accommodating cavity 34 is defined between the outer wall 32 and the inner wall 33, and the blood bag accommodating cavity 34 is used for placing the blood bag 4 to be irradiated.
  • the blood bag 4 contains blood or blood products
  • the bottom plate 31 of the blood bag receiver 3 is movably disposed on the frame 1 via a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the rotary electric machine 5 through a transmission member. .
  • the blood bag accommodating chamber 34 can be The plurality of blood bags 4 are placed such that the lower portion of the X-ray tube is surrounded by a plurality of blood bags, which fully utilizes the irradiation area of the X-rays, thereby improving the irradiation efficiency.
  • the blood bag 4 rotates rapidly with the blood bag receiver 3, it allows blood or blood products in the blood bag receiver 3 to flow in the blood bag, so that blood or blood products in various areas are mutually
  • the positional transformation is performed to make the irradiation more uniform.
  • outer wall 32 and the inner wall 33 are parallel, and both are inclined with respect to the bottom plate 31, and the angle of the inclination can be selected between 0 and 90 degrees.
  • the distance between the outer wall 32 and the inner wall 33 matches the thickness of the blood bag 4, and the distance between the outer wall 32 and the inner wall 33 allows only a bag of blood bags to be placed. It is possible to limit the thickness of the blood bag 4 by utilizing the distance between the outer wall 32 and the inner wall 33, and to reduce the non-uniformity of the radiation dose on the inner and outer surfaces of the blood or blood product.
  • the blood bag receiver 3 is of a truncated cone type or a prismatic type.
  • the inner wall 33 of the blood bag receiver 3 is composed of an X-ray transparent material.
  • the rack 1 is provided with a dose monitoring device, and the dose monitoring device is disposed below the blood bag receiver 3 for detecting the absorbed dose of the blood bag 4.
  • the rack 1 is further provided with a high-voltage power source 7 for supplying power to the X-ray tube 2; and the high-voltage power source 7 and the X-ray tube 2 are provided with a heat dissipating device 6.
  • a method of irradiating a single X-ray source blood irradiation apparatus as described above comprising:
  • the X-ray tube After the blood bag is placed in the blood bag housing cavity, the X-ray tube starts to work;
  • the blood bag receiver is rotating in the forward direction
  • the rotary motor drives the blood bag receiver in one direction. Speed up the rotation;
  • the blood bag receiver Detecting the current angular velocity of the blood bag receiver, and when the angular velocity of the blood bag receiver reaches a predetermined speed, the blood bag receiver starts to decelerate;
  • step 603 is performed again to detect the angular velocity of the blood bag receiver to achieve multiple times.
  • the predetermined stop condition comprises: the absorbed dose of the blood bag reaches a predetermined dose, the rotation time reaches a predetermined length of time or the number of rotations reaches a predetermined number of times, and when the above condition is satisfied, step 606 is performed to stop the rotation, the X-ray tube Close, otherwise, continue to maintain the current working state, continue to perform 603. Detect the current angular velocity of the blood bag receiver.
  • step 606 includes: detecting the absorbed dose of the blood bag, and when the absorbed dose of the blood bag reaches the predetermined dose, controlling the blood bag receiver to stop rotating, and the X-ray tube is closed.
  • the blood bag receiver is controlled to stop rotating, and the X-ray tube is turned off.
  • the blood bag receiver is controlled to stop rotating and the X-ray tube is turned off.
  • the blood bag receiver performs multiple rapid accelerations, rapid decelerations, and reciprocating motions. Acceleration, deceleration, and centrifugal force during the process will force blood or blood products in the blood bag to flow, and blood in each local area or The blood product is exchanged for position to improve the uniformity of irradiation of blood or blood products. And the rapid acceleration and deceleration can make blood or blood products overcome the viscous resistance in the blood bag, and the rapid flow can make the irradiation more uniform.

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Abstract

一种单X射线源血液辐照装置及其辐照方法，其应用于血液辐照仪的技术领域，包括：机架(1)，以及设置于机架(1)上的X射线管(2)，所述X射线管(2)的下方设有血袋容置器(3)，所述血袋容置器(3)由底板(31)，以及设置在底板(31)上的外壁(32)和内壁(33)组成，所述外壁(32)和内壁(33)之间围成环形的血袋容置腔(34)，所述血袋容置腔(34)用于放置待辐照的血液或血液制品，所述血袋容置器(3)的底板(31)通过旋转轴活动设置于机架(1)上，所述旋转轴通过传动件与旋转电机的输出轴相连接。本血液辐照装置充分利用X射线管(2)所产生的X射线，提高利用效率；且采用旋转电机让血袋承载容器来回旋转，迫使血袋内的血液或血液制品发生流动，使得各局部区域的血液或血液制品发生位置交换，从而提高血液或血液制品辐照的均匀性。

Description

一种单X射线源血液辐照装置及其辐照方法 技术领域
本发明涉及血液辐照仪技术领域，尤其涉及一种单X射线源血液辐照装置以及一种利用单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法。
背景技术
输血相关性移植物抗宿主病(TA-GVHD)是免疫缺损或免疫抑制的患者不能清除输入血液中具有免疫活性的淋巴细胞，使其在体内植活、增殖，将患者的组织器官识别为非己物质，并作为靶目标进行免疫攻击、破坏的一种致命性输血并发症。TA-GVHD临床表现缺乏特异性，极易漏诊和误诊。
有研究表明引起TA-GVHD的受体输入淋巴细胞数量应大于107/kg，如若低于105/kg则不会引起TA-GVHD。但有报道对免疫缺陷的儿童仅104/kg淋巴细胞即引发TA-GVHD。总之输入供体的淋巴细胞数量越多其病情越严重,死亡率也就越高。
目前认为输血前对血液或血液制品进行照射，是预防TA-GVHD惟一有效的方法。其机制是：淋巴细胞对射线敏感，通过适当剂量的射线照射，可使免疫活性淋巴细胞灭活，丧失增殖能力。而对红细胞、血小板的功能及凝血因子活性影响不大。现在发达国家应用率已达30％～40％。
血液辐照仪就是一种使用射线照射血液或血液制品，对淋巴细胞进行灭活，预防输血活动中TA-GVHD疾病的医疗设备。
从射线源分，血液辐照仪可以分为两类，一类是采用放射源(主要是Cs-137、Co-60)产生的γ射线照射血液或血液制品，一类是采用X光管产生的X射线照射血液或血液制品。放射源型血液辐照仪设备需要装配几百到上 千居里的同位素放射源，这存在着潜在的核泄漏风险。而X光源型血液辐照仪则没有核泄漏的风险，设备断电就没有任何射线产生。
不过，X光源型血液辐照仪存在X射线能量低、单源辐照不均匀的缺点，不能满足血液辐照仪标准中对辐射均匀性的要求(国标要求血液辐照仪辐照的非均匀性<20％)。普通X光源产生的X光子能量一般在200keV以下，它在照射血液或血液制品过程中，很容易被浅层的血液大量吸收，使得到达深处的X光子数量迅速减少。
为了克服现有单源辐照X光源型血液辐照仪的缺点，中国发明专利公开号为：CN104324425A，发明名称为：《一种血液辐照仪》的专利文件中公开了一种血液辐照仪，该方案利用腔体在转盘旋转中的位置移动，实现了血袋的上下表面被交替照射。如图1所述，比如在A的位置，X射线是从血袋下方入射，转到C的位置，就变成了从血袋上方入射。这样，提高了血袋中血液或血液制品的辐照均匀性，但是辐照时间却被迫成倍延长，使用并不方便。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种单X射线源血液辐照装置，包括：
机架，以及设置于机架上的X射线管，所述X射线管的下方设有血袋容置器，所述血袋容置器由底板，以及设置在底板上的外壁和内壁组成，所述外壁和内壁之间围成环形的血袋容置腔，所述血袋容置腔用于放置待辐照的血袋，所述血袋中盛有血液或血液制品，所述血袋容置器的底板通过旋转轴活动设置于机架上，所述旋转轴通过传动件与旋转电机的输出轴相连接。
进一步，所述外壁和内壁相平行，且其均与底板相倾斜。
进一步，所述外壁与内壁之间的距离与血袋厚度相匹配。
进一步，所述血袋容置器为圆台型或棱台型。
进一步，所述血袋容置器的内壁由可透X射线的材料组成。
进一步，所述机架上设有剂量监测装置，所述剂量监测装置设置于所述血袋容置器的下方，用于检测血袋的吸收剂量。
进一步，所述机架上还设有高压电源，所述高压电源用于为X射线管进行供电；且该高压电源和X射线管上均设有散热装置。
本发明一种利用如上所述单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法，包括：
在血袋放置在血袋容置腔内后，X射线管开始工作；
在X射线管开始工作的同时，旋转电机驱动血袋容置器按一个方向进行加速旋转；
检测血袋容置器当前的角速度，当血袋容置器的角速度到达预定速度后，血袋容置器开始减速；当血袋容置器的角速度为零后，再按前次的旋转方向进行反向加速旋转，并重新检测血袋容置器当前的角速度；直到达到预定停止条件时，血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
进一步，所述直到达到预定停止条件时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭包括：
检测血袋的吸收剂量，当血袋的吸收剂量达到预定剂量时，血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
进一步，所述直到达到预定停止条件时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭包括：
检测血袋容置器的旋转时间或旋转次数，当旋转时间或旋转次数达到预定值时，血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
本发明让血袋环绕着X射线管，充分利用X射线管所产生的X射线，提高利用效率；且采用旋转电机让血袋承载容器来回旋转，迫使血袋内的血液或血液制品发生流动，使得各局部区域的血液或血液制品发生位置交换，从而提高血液或血液制品辐照的均匀性。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的其工作原理示意图；
图2为本发明血液辐照装置中整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明血液辐照装置中血袋容置器的一种结构的示意图；
图4为本发明血液辐照装置中血袋容置器的另一种结构的示意图；
图5为本发明血液辐照装置中血袋容置器与血袋位置关系的示意图；
图6为本发明辐照方法的工作流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
请参阅图2至图5，本发明一个实施例提供一种单X射线源血液辐照装置，包括：
机架1，以及设置于机架1上的X射线管2，所述X射线管2的下方设有血袋容置器3，所述血袋容置器3由底板31，以及设置在底板31上的外壁32和内壁33组成，所述外壁32和内壁33之间围成环形的血袋容置腔34，所述血袋容置腔34用于放置待辐照的血袋4，所述血袋4中盛有血液或血液制品，所述血袋容置器3的底板31通过旋转轴活动设置于机架1上，所述旋转轴通过传动件与旋转电机5的输出轴相连接。在本发明中，该血袋容置腔34中可 放置多个血袋4，使得X射线管的下方被多个血袋环绕着，其充分的利用到X射线的照射区域，提高了辐照效率。
由于该血袋4随着血袋容置器3进行快速旋转，其让血袋容置器3内的血液或血液制品能在血袋内发生流动，使各个区域的血液或血液制品相互之间进行位置变换，使得辐照能够更加均匀。
进一步，所述外壁32和内壁33相平行，且其均与底板31相倾斜，该倾斜的角度可在0到90度之间进行选择。
进一步，所述外壁32与内壁33之间的距离与血袋4厚度相匹配，外壁32与内壁33之间的距离只允许放置一袋血袋。使其可利用外壁32与内壁33之间的距离，对血袋4的厚度进行限制，降低血液或血液制品内外层表面辐射剂量的非均匀性。
进一步，所述血袋容置器3为圆台型或棱台型。
进一步，所述血袋容置器3的内壁33由可透X射线的材料组成。
进一步，所述机架1上设有剂量监测装置，所述剂量监测装置设置于所述血袋容置器3的下方，用于检测血袋4的吸收剂量。
进一步，所述机架1上还设有高压电源7，所述高压电源7用于为X射线管2进行供电；且该高压电源7和X射线管2上均设有散热装置6。
请参阅图6，本发明一种利用如上所述单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法，包括：
601.X射线管工作
在血袋放置在血袋容置腔内后，X射线管开始工作；
602.血袋容置器正向加速旋转
在X射线管开始工作的同时，旋转电机驱动血袋容置器按一个方向进行 加速旋转；
603.判断角速度是否达到预定值
检测血袋容置器当前的角速度，当血袋容置器的角速度到达预定速度后，血袋容置器开始减速；
604.血袋容置器反向加速旋转
当血袋容置器的角速度为零后，再按前次的旋转方向驱动血袋容置器进行反向加速旋转，并重新执行步骤603.检测血袋容置器的角速度，以实现多次的往返加速旋转；
605.判断是否到达停止条件
对停止条件进行判断；其中，预定停止条件包括：血袋的吸收剂量达到预定剂量、旋转时间达到预定时长或旋转次数达到预定次数，当满足上述条件时，执行步骤606.停止旋转，X射线管关闭，否则，继续保持当前的工作状态，继续执行603.检测血袋容置器当前的角速度。
即步骤606包括：检测血袋的吸收剂量，当血袋的吸收剂量达到预定剂量时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
或，检测血袋容置器的旋转时间或旋转次数，当旋转时间或旋转次数达到预定值时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
606.停止旋转，X射线管关闭
当达到预定停止条件时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
在本发明中血袋容置器进行多次的快速加速、快速减速、往返运动，此过程中的加速、减速和离心力将迫使血袋内的血液或血液制品发生流动，各局部区域的血液或血液制品发生位置交换，从而提高血液或血液制品辐照的均匀性。且快速的加减速能够让血液或血液制品在血袋内克服粘滞阻力，发生快速流动，使得辐照能够更加均匀。
虽然本发明参照当前的较佳实施方式进行了描述，但本领域的技术人员应能理解，上述较佳实施方式仅用来说明本发明，并非用来限定本发明的保护范围，任何在本发明的精神和原则范围之内，所做的任何修饰、等效替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，包括：机架，以及设置于机架上的X射线管，所述X射线管的下方设有血袋容置器，所述血袋容置器由底板，以及设置在底板上的外壁和内壁组成，所述外壁和内壁之间围成环形的血袋容置腔，所述血袋容置腔用于放置待辐照的血袋，所述血袋中盛有血液或血液制品，所述血袋容置器的底板通过旋转轴活动设置于机架上，所述旋转轴通过传动件与旋转电机的输出轴相连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述外壁和内壁相平行，且其均与底板相倾斜。
  3. 如权利要求2所述单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述外壁与内壁之间的距离与血袋厚度相匹配。
  4. 如权利要求3所述单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述血袋容置器为圆台型或棱台型。
  5. 如权利要求4所述单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述血袋容置器的内壁由可透X射线的材料组成。
  6. 如权利要求5所述单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述机架上设有剂量监测装置，所述剂量监测装置设置于所述血袋容置器的下方，用于检测血袋的吸收剂量。
  7. 如权利要求6所述单X射线源血液辐照装置，其特征在于，所述机架上还设有高压电源，所述高压电源用于为X射线管进行供电；且该高压电源和X射线管上均设有散热装置。
  8. 一种利用如权利要求1所述单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在血袋放置在血袋容置腔内后，X射线管开始工作；
    在X射线管开始工作的同时，旋转电机驱动血袋容置器按一个方向进行加速旋转；
    检测血袋容置器当前的角速度，当血袋容置器的角速度到达预定速度后，血袋容置器开始减速；当血袋容置器的角速度为零后，再按前次的旋转方向进行反向加速旋转，并重新检测血袋容置器当前的角速度；直到达到预定停止条 件时，血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
  9. 如权利要求8所述利用如权利要求1所述单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法，其特征在于，所述直到达到预定停止条件时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭包括：
    检测血袋的吸收剂量，当血袋的吸收剂量达到预定剂量时，血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
  10. 如权利要求8所述利用如权利要求1所述单X射线源血液辐照装置进行辐照的方法，其特征在于，所述直到达到预定停止条件时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭包括：
    检测血袋容置器的旋转时间或旋转次数，当旋转时间或旋转次数达到预定值时，控制血袋容置器停止旋转，X射线管关闭。
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