WO2017000290A1 - 超声扫描探头及超声成像系统 - Google Patents

超声扫描探头及超声成像系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000290A1
WO2017000290A1 PCT/CN2015/083085 CN2015083085W WO2017000290A1 WO 2017000290 A1 WO2017000290 A1 WO 2017000290A1 CN 2015083085 W CN2015083085 W CN 2015083085W WO 2017000290 A1 WO2017000290 A1 WO 2017000290A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
scanning probe
ultrasonic
ultrasonic scanning
transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/083085
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱子俨
齐志林
刘德杰
朱磊
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to CN201580008901.8A priority Critical patent/CN106456122A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/083085 priority patent/WO2017000290A1/zh
Publication of WO2017000290A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000290A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A61B8/0825—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings for diagnosis of the breast, e.g. mammography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A61B8/0833—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
    • A61B8/085—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures for locating body or organic structures, e.g. tumours, calculi, blood vessels, nodules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe

Definitions

  • the present application relates to ultrasound scanning probes and ultrasound imaging systems for the diagnosis of breast diseases.
  • Breast cancer is the number one common malignancy in women. Despite the high incidence of breast cancer, the mortality rate is declining. One of the reasons is the establishment of female breast cancer screening and early diagnosis systems.
  • X-ray of mammography is of great significance for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, but there is X-ray damage, which is not suitable for the survey of women under 40 years old; Tong X-ray mammography is effective for young, glandular breasts. Low-grade; the plywood-type scanning method of the molybdenum target can not scan the peripheral area of the breast, and can also make the examinee feel uncomfortable.
  • Ultrasound is an important imaging tool in breast screening. Ultrasound has no radiation concerns, is easy to use, low cost, multiple glands, glandular mass and young women, especially glands deep, close The part of the pectoral muscle works well and there is no damage, but the application effect of the ultrasonography is greatly affected by the experience of the ultrasound doctor. On the one hand, for smaller lesions, it may cause omission due to manipulation; on the other hand, it may be possible for the lesions that can be found. Because it can not identify its benign and malignant characteristics and cause high false yin or false yang, false yin will delay the patient's illness, false yang will cause unnecessary psychological burden to the examinee, and peers also cause medical resources. No need to waste.
  • breast screening is usually performed using a full-milk automatic scanning device.
  • a conventional mammography apparatus includes an ultrasonic probe and a membrane unit, and the membrane unit includes a membrane that transmits sound waves, and the membrane unit is a soft structure whose shape can be changed as the shape of the breast changes.
  • the ultrasonic probe sweeps over sensitive areas such as the nipple, which may easily cause discomfort to the examinee; in addition, if the pressure of the ultrasonic probe is too small, it is not easy to fix the breast, the breast Abnormal motion can easily lead to image acquisition distortion; and if the ultrasonic probe pressure is too large, the membrane The unit is easily damaged.
  • the present invention provides a new ultrasonic scanning probe and an ultrasonic imaging system including the same.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic scanning probe including a housing, an acoustic window including a film, a transducer capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves through the film to scan a tissue to be tested, and capable of driving the transducer a moving drive mechanism; the sound window is coupled to the outer casing; the transducer and the drive mechanism are disposed in the outer casing; the film is located on a side of the transducer facing the tissue to be tested The film has ultrasonic permeability; wherein the film is pre-tensioned prior to operation of the ultrasonic scanning probe and remains tensioned during operation.
  • the film is a gas impermeable film.
  • the film is a liquid impervious film.
  • the film is made of a polymer material.
  • the film is made of a transparent material.
  • the outer casing is made of a transparent material.
  • the outer casing has an inner space with a bottom open, the transducer and the driving mechanism are disposed in the inner space, and the film closes a bottom of the inner space Open.
  • the acoustic window further includes an outer frame, the film is tensioned and attached to the outer frame, and the outer frame is coupled to the outer casing.
  • the film and the outer casing are detachably or permanently connected.
  • the outer frame and the outer casing are detachably connected or permanently connected.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultrasonic scanning probe, comprising: a housing, an acoustic window including a film, a transducer, and a driving mechanism, the acoustic window being connected to a bottom of the housing, The bottom of the outer casing is closed by the film to form an inner space; the transducer is capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves to scan the tissue to be tested through the film, and the transducer has an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving surface; a side of the transducer facing the tissue to be tested; the driving mechanism is disposed in the inner space and is capable of driving the transducer to move over the film; the film has ultrasonic permeability; Thin film The ultrasonic scanning probe is pre-tensioned prior to operation and remains tensioned during operation.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultrasound imaging system including a support frame and a data processing device, further comprising an ultrasonic scanning probe in any of the preceding embodiments, the ultrasonic scanning probe setting And electrically connected to the ultrasonic scanning probe on the support frame.
  • the film is always in a tension state, and can better squeeze and fix the human tissue
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the ultrasonic scanning probe of the present embodiment (the acoustic window is separated from the housing);
  • FIG 2 is a schematic perspective view of the ultrasonic scanning probe of the present embodiment (the acoustic window is fixed to the housing);
  • 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of two different directions of the ultrasonic scanning probe of the present embodiment, respectively;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the ultrasonic scanning probe of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an automatic ultrasonic scanning device of the present embodiment.
  • an ultrasonic scanning probe includes a housing 1, a transducer 3, an acoustic window 2, and a driving mechanism 4.
  • the transducer 3 is capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves to the subject's tissue to be tested (for example, the breast or other tissues of the human body or animal, etc.) according to the control signal, and is capable of generating an echo signal according to the reflected wave of the tissue to be tested.
  • the acoustic window 2 is connected to the outer casing 1.
  • the acoustic window 2 can include a film 21.
  • the film 21 may be a flexible film and has ultrasonic permeability.
  • the transducer 3 has an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving surface 31 facing the human body tissue, and the film 21 can be located on the side of the transducer 3 facing the tissue to be tested.
  • the drive mechanism 4 is capable of driving the transducer 3 to perform scanning of human tissue.
  • the membrane 21 can be pre-tensioned prior to operation of the ultrasonic scanning probe and maintained in tension during operation.
  • the film 21 is in a "tensioned state" by applying a force to the film 21 so that the film is being tensioned. status.
  • the material forming the film in the tensioned state, may be tensioned but the material itself is not tensilely deformed; or, in other embodiments, in the In the tensioned state, the material forming the film itself may also have tensile deformation (e.g., elastic deformation), for example, the material forming the film itself may be elongated.
  • the tensioning state or the pre-tensioning may be pre-tensioned by applying a force to the film during installation of the ultrasonic scanning probe, and pre-tensioning the pre-tensioned
  • the film 2 1 is attached to the outer casing 1 or the outer frame 22 (described in detail below).
  • the tensioning state or the pretensioning may also be by an adjustment mechanism provided on the ultrasonic scanning probe or by other means (for example, a space enclosed by the film 21 (for example, a confined space).
  • Inflating or filling, etc. applying a force to the film 21 to pull the film 21 at a desired time (for example, before the ultrasonic scanning probe is operated, that is, before scanning the tissue to be tested with the ultrasonic scanning probe) Tight to achieve.
  • the film 21 may be a gas impermeable film. In some embodiments, the film 21 can be a liquid impermeable film.
  • the "operation" of the ultrasonic scanning probe may refer to the normal operation of the ultrasonic scanning probe, that is, the ultrasound scanning probe is used for ultrasonic scanning of the tissue to be tested.
  • the term "work process” refers to the process of ultrasonically scanning a tissue to be tested with an ultrasonic scanning probe.
  • the film 21 is pressed against the breast of the subject, and the transducer 3 is moved by the driving mechanism 4, and the breast is scanned through the film 21.
  • the front side 23 of the film is in direct contact with the breast of the subject, and the transducer scans the breast on the back side 24 of the film.
  • the film 21 can be kept in tension at all times, the film 21 does not move relative to the breast, and since the film 21 is kept in tension, it can provide a large holding force for the breast to keep the breast fixed, thereby The tissue of the breast is less prone to movement during scanning and affects imaging quality.
  • the film 21 can be made of a gas-permeable, gas-impermeable and liquid-impermeable material, that is, ultrasonic waves can pass through the film but the gas and liquid cannot pass through the film.
  • the film 21 directly contacts the human tissue, and the scanning area of the ultrasonic scanning probe can cover the whole milk (for example, the scanning area is 16 cm long and 16 cm wide), and the scanning area is less than or equal to the surface area of the film.
  • the transducer can be an elongated linear array transducer having a width comparable to the width of the ultrasonic scanning probe (e.g., 16 cm).
  • the ultrasonic scanning probe may comprise a housing 1 which is closed by a membrane 21 to form an internal space 15, which may be filled with a coupling fluid, in which the transducer 3 may be immersed.
  • a coupling fluid can also be applied between the front side of the film and the tissue to be tested.
  • the coupling fluid in the outer casing and the couplant on the front side of the film can couple the transducer, the outer casing and the tissue to be tested.
  • the material and thickness of the film determine the ultrasonic permeability and strength of the film.
  • the film 21 may be made of a polymer material having good fatigue resistance and creep resistance. If the thickness of the film is too small, it may cause creep or breakage due to insufficient strength, or the wrinkles may be affected by the squeezing and fixing of the breast. The image quality may be too large, which may cause the ultrasonic transmission performance to decrease, and artifacts may affect the image quality. Therefore, in some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the film may be between 0.05 mm and 3 mm.
  • the acoustic window 2 may comprise only the film 21, i.e. the film 21 is the acoustic window 2, and the film 21 is detachably or permanently attached to the outer casing 1.
  • the acoustic window 2 may further include an outer frame 22 that is tensioned and attached to the outer frame 22, the outer frame 22 and the outer casing 1 being detachably or permanently The connection is made to connect the acoustic window 2 to the outer casing 1.
  • an ultrasonic scanning probe includes a housing 1, a transducer 3, an acoustic window 2, and a driving mechanism 4.
  • the outer casing 1 includes an upper casing 11 and a lower casing 12, and the upper casing 11 and the lower casing 12 are fixedly coupled to surround the inner space 15, and the bottom of the inner space 15 has an opening 16.
  • the acoustic window 2 includes a fixedly attached film 21 and an outer frame 22 which is fixed to the bottom of the lower casing 12 which closes the opening 16 of the casing.
  • the transducer 3 is capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected waves having an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving surface 31.
  • the film 21 is located on the side of the transducer 2 facing the tissue to be tested, for example between the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving surface and the tissue to be tested.
  • the drive mechanism 4 is disposed in the inner space 15 of the outer casing, and the drive mechanism 4 is dynamically coupled to the transducer 3 and is capable of driving the transducer to move linearly.
  • the front side 23 of the film is in direct contact with the tissue to be tested, and the transducer moves on the back side 24 of the film and emits ultrasonic waves through the film to scan the tissue to be tested.
  • the film has ultrasonic permeability which is tensioned and maintained in tension.
  • the drive mechanism 4 may include a lead screw pair 42 and a motor 41.
  • the lead screw pair includes a screwed screw 43 and a nut 44.
  • the motor 41 is mechanically coupled to the lead screw 43, and the nut 44 is fixed to the transducer 3.
  • the energy device 3 is mounted on the linear guide 14, and the linear guide 14 is fixed in the internal space 15 of the outer casing.
  • the film 21 may be a square film having a length and a width, and the linear guide 14 extends in the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • the width of the transducer matches the width of the film. Typically, the width of the transducer is equal to or slightly less than the width of the film.
  • the length of the transducer is less than the length of the film, and the transducer can move back and forth in the length direction of the film.
  • a handle 13 may also be provided on the outer casing.
  • an ultrasound scanning probe it includes an acoustic window and an outer casing.
  • the acoustic window is permanently attached to the outer casing and cannot be split, such as by welding, riveting or gluing. With this configuration, there is no need to replace the acoustic window.
  • the acoustic window is detachably coupled to the outer casing and can be split, such as a threaded connection or a snap connection. With this configuration, the physician can periodically replace the acoustic window as needed.
  • the drive mechanism can drive transducer motion, such as rotational motion or linear motion.
  • the membrane can cover a fixed body tissue (such as a breast), and the transducer moves on the back of the membrane to scan human tissue.
  • the film has ultrasonic permeability, and the image quality meets the needs of the doctor.
  • the material and thickness of the film meet the fatigue resistance requirements, the scanning film is not easy to creep, and the breast can be squeezed well, in a fast scanning mode (for example)
  • the 15 second transducer moves horizontally (16 cm)
  • the sensitive area such as the nipple of the examinee does not cause pain.
  • an ultrasonic imaging system includes a support frame 200, a data processing device, and the above-described ultrasonic scanning probe 100.
  • the support frame 200 can be lifted and lowered along the column 300, and the bottom of the column 300 is fixed to the base 400.
  • the ultrasonic scanning probe 100 is disposed on the support frame 200 and is electrically connected to the data processing device.
  • the film of the ultrasonic scanning probe is always in a tension state during work, and can better squeeze and fix the human body tissue, thereby avoiding unnecessary displacement and deformation of the human tissue, thereby ensuring image acquisition. Quality, peer scanning, sensitive areas of the examinee are not prone to pain.

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Abstract

一种超声扫描探头及超声成像系统，该超声扫描探头包括外壳(1)、具有薄膜(21)的声窗(2)、能够透过所述薄膜(21)发射超声波扫描待测组织的换能器(3)及能够驱动所述换能器(3)运动的驱动机构(4)；声窗(2)连接到外壳(1)上；换能器(3)和驱动机构(4)设置于外壳(1)中；薄膜(21)位于换能器(3)的面向待测组织的一侧；薄膜(21)具有超声波透过性；薄膜(21)在超声扫描探头工作之前被预张紧并且在工作过程中保持张紧状态。薄膜(21)被预张紧并且在工作过程中保持张紧状态，能够较好的挤压固定人体组织，避免人体组织产生不必要的位移和形变，从而保证采集图像的质量，同时扫描时被检查者的敏感区域也不容易产生疼痛感。

Description

超声扫描探头及超声成像系统 技术领域
[0001] 本申请涉及用于乳腺疾病诊断的超声扫描探头及超声成像系统。
[0002]
[0003] 背景技术
[0004] 乳腺癌是女性排名第一的常见恶性肿瘤。 尽管乳腺癌的发病率居高不下， 死亡 率却在不断下降， 原因之一是女性乳腺癌筛査和早期诊断制度的建立。
[0005] 中国卫生部乳腺癌筛査文件中规定， 对接受筛査的妇女均进行乳腺的视诊、 触 诊， 可疑者和高危人群进行乳腺彩超检査， 彩超检査可疑或阳性者， 再进行钼 靶 X-线检査。
[0006] 钼靶 X-线对乳腺癌的早期诊断意义很大， 但存在 X射线损伤， 不适于四十岁以 下女性的普査； 同吋 X射线钼靶对年轻、 腺体致密的乳腺有效性低； 钼靶的夹 板式扫査方法不能扫査乳腺外周区域， 也会使被检査者感到不舒服。
[0007] 超声在乳腺筛査中是重要的影像学工具， 超声检査没有辐射顾虑、 使用方便、 费用低， 对腺体多、 腺体质密和年轻女性， 特别是腺体深面、 靠近胸肌的部位 效果良好且无损伤， 但是超声检査的应用效果受超声医生经验影响较大， 一方 面， 对于较小病变， 由于手法原因可能造成遗漏； 另一方面， 对于能够发现的 病变也可能因为不能很好识别其良恶性特征而造成较高的假阴或假阳， 假阴会 使患者贻误病情， 假阳会给被检査者造成不必要的心理负担， 同吋也造成医疗 资源的不必要浪费。
[0008] 为了减少检査过程中的人为因素， 通常采用全乳自动扫描设备进行乳腺筛査。
现有的一种乳腺扫描装置包括超声波探头和膜单元， 膜单元包括能够透过声波 的膜， 该膜单元为软质结构， 其形状能够随着乳房的形状变化而变化。 但是， 现有的这种乳腺扫描装置在扫描过程中， 超声波探头扫过乳头等敏感区域吋容 易引起被检査者的不适； 另外， 如果超声波探头压力过小吋， 不容易固定乳房 ， 乳房的异常运动容易导致图像采集变形； 而如果超声波探头压力过大吋， 膜 单元容易损坏。
[0009] 因此， 有必要提供一种新的全乳自动扫描装置。
[0010]
[0011] 发明内容
[0012] 本发明提供一种新的超声扫描探头及包括该超声扫描探头的超声成像系统。
[0013] 本发明的实施例中提供了一种超声扫描探头， 包括外壳、 包括薄膜的声窗、 能 够发射超声波透过所述薄膜扫描待测组织的换能器及能够驱动所述换能器运动 的驱动机构； 所述声窗连接到所述外壳上； 所述换能器和所述驱动机构设置于 所述外壳中； 所述薄膜位于所述换能器的面向待测组织的一侧； 所述薄膜具有 超声波透过性； 其中所述薄膜在所述超声扫描探头工作之前被预张紧并且在工 作过程中保持张紧状态。
[0014] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述薄膜为不透气的薄膜。
[0015] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述薄膜为不透液的薄膜。
[0016] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述薄膜由高分子材料制成。
[0017] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述薄膜由透明材料制成。
[0018] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述外壳由透明材料制成。
[0019] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述外壳具有底部敞口的内部空间， 所述换能器及所 述驱动机构设于所述内部空间中， 所述薄膜封闭所述内部空间的底部敞口。
[0020] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述声窗还包括外框， 所述薄膜被张紧并连接到所述 外框上， 所述外框连接到所述外壳。
[0021] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述薄膜和所述外壳可拆卸连接或者永久连接。
[0022] 本发明的一个实施例中， 所述外框和所述外壳可拆卸连接或者永久连接。
[0023] 本发明的实施例中还提供了一种超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 包括外壳、 包括 薄膜的声窗、 换能器及驱动机构， 所述声窗连接到所述外壳的底部， 所述外壳 的底部被所述薄膜封闭而形成内部空间； 所述换能器能够发射超声波透过所述 薄膜扫描待测组织， 所述换能器具有超声波发送接收面； 所述薄膜位于所述换 能器的面向待测组织的一侧； 所述驱动机构设于所述内部空间中并能够驱动所 述换能器在所述薄膜的上方运动； 所述薄膜具有超声波透过性； 其中所述薄膜 在所述超声扫描探头工作之前被预张紧并且在工作过程中保持张紧状态。
[0024] 本发明的实施例中还提供了一种超声成像系统， 包括支撑架和数据处理装置， 其特征在于， 还包括前面的任一实施例中的超声扫描探头， 所述超声扫描探头 设置在所述支撑架上并与所述超声扫描探头电连接。
[0025] 本发明的有益效果是： 薄膜始终处于张紧状态， 能够较好的挤压固定人体组织
， 避免人体组织产生不必要的位移和形变， 从而保证采集图像的质量， 同吋扫 描吋被检査者的敏感区域也不容易产生疼痛感。
[0026]
[0027] 附图说明
[0028] 图 1是本实施方式超声扫描探头的立体结构示意图 (声窗与壳体分离)；
[0029] 图 2是本实施方式超声扫描探头的立体结构示意图 (声窗与壳体固定)；
[0030] 图 3和图 4分别是本实施方式超声扫描探头的两个不同方向的剖视图；
[0031] 图 5是图 4沿 A-A方向的剖视图；
[0032] 图 6是本实施方式超声扫描探头的立体分解图；
[0033] 图 7是本实施方式自动超声扫描装置的结构示意图。
[0034]
[0035] 具体实施方式
[0036] 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
[0037] 如图 1至图 6所示， 一种超声扫描探头， 包括外壳 1、 换能器 3、 声窗 2及驱动机 构 4。 换能器 3能够根据控制信号向被检査者的待测组织 （例如， 人体或者动物 的乳腺或其他组织， 等等） 发送超声波， 并能够根据待测组织的反射波产生回 波信号。 声窗 2连接到外壳 1上。 声窗 2可以包括薄膜 21。 该薄膜 21可以是柔性薄 膜， 并具有超声波透过性。 换能器 3具有面向人体组织的超声波发送接收面 31， 薄膜 21可以位于换能器 3的面向待测组织的一侧。 驱动机构 4能够驱动换能器 3运 动， 实现对人体组织的扫描。
[0038] 本发明的实施例中， 薄膜 21可以在该超声扫描探头工作之前被预张紧并且在工 作过程中保持张紧状态。
[0039] 这里， 所说的薄膜 21处于"张紧状态"是指向薄膜 21施加力使得薄膜处于被拉紧 的状态。 此吋， 在一些实施例中， 在该被拉紧的状态下， 可以是形成薄膜的材 料受力被拉紧但是材料本身并没有拉伸变形； 或者， 在另外的实施例中， 在该 被拉紧的状态下， 形成薄膜的材料本身也可以存在拉伸变形 （例如， 弹性变形 ) ， 例如， 形成薄膜的材料本身可以被拉长。
本发明的一些实施例中， 该张紧状态或者该预张紧可以通过在制造该超声扫描 探头的过程中在安装该薄膜 21吋对薄膜施加力而预张紧并将该预张紧了的薄膜 2 1连接到外壳 1或者外框 22 (下文中详述） 实现。 本发明的另外一些实施例中， 该张紧状态或者该预张紧也可以通过该超声扫描探头上设置的调节机构或者通 过其他方式 （例如， 向薄膜 21围成的空间 （例如， 密闭空间） 中充气或者充液 等等） 在需要的吋候 （例如， 在超声扫描探头工作之前， 即在用该超声扫描探 头对待测组织进行扫描之前） 施加力到该薄膜 21上而使该薄膜 21拉紧而实现。
[0041] 本发明的一些实施例中， 该薄膜 21可以是不透气的薄膜。 一些实施例中， 该薄 膜 21可以是不透液的薄膜。
[0042] 这里， 所说的超声扫描探头 "工作 "可以指用超声扫描探头进行正常工作， 即用 超声扫描探头对待测组织进行超声扫描。 所说的 "工作过程"是指用超声扫描探头 对待测组织进行超声扫描的过程。
[0043] 进行乳腺检査吋， 薄膜 21紧压在被检査者的乳房上， 换能器 3在驱动机构 4的带 动下运动， 并透过薄膜 21扫描乳房。
[0044] 进行乳腺检査吋， 薄膜的正面 23与被检査者的乳房直接接触， 换能器在薄膜的 背面 24扫描乳房。 在检査过程中， 薄膜 21可以始终保持张紧状态， 薄膜 21与乳 房没有相对移动， 而且由于薄膜 21保持张紧状态， 其能够为乳房提供较大的保 持力， 使乳房保持固定， 从而使得在扫描过程中乳房的组织不容易发生运动而 影响成像质量。 薄膜 21可以采用透声不透气和不透液的材质， 即超声波能够透 过该薄膜但气体和液体不能透过该薄膜。
[0045] 检査过程中， 薄膜 21直接接触人体组织， 超声扫描探头的扫描面积能够覆盖全 乳 （例如扫描面积为长 16cm*宽 16cm) ， 该扫描面积小于或等于薄膜的表面积。 换能器可以采用长条形的线阵换能器， 该换能器的宽度可以与超声扫描探头的 宽度相当 （例如 16cm) 。 [0046] 超声扫描探头可以包括一个外壳 1， 该外壳 1被薄膜 21封闭而形成一个内部空间 15， 该内部空间 15可以填充有耦合液， 换能器 3可以浸在该耦合液中。 薄膜正面 与待测组织之间也可以涂抹耦合液， 外壳内的耦合液、 薄膜正面的耦合剂能够 将换能器、 外壳和待测组织耦合起来。
[0047] 薄膜的材质和厚度决定了薄膜的超声波透过性和强度。 本发明的一些实施例中 ， 薄膜 21可以由具有良好抗疲劳性和抗蠕变性的高分子材料制成。 薄膜的厚度 太小可能由于强度不够导致蠕变或破损， 或者在挤压固定乳房吋自身产生皱褶 影响图像质量， 太大可能导致超声波透过性能下降， 产生伪像等原因而影响图 像质量。 因此， 本发明的一些实施例中， 薄膜的厚度可以在 0.05mm至 3mm之间
[0048] 本发明的一些实施例中， 声窗 2可以只包括薄膜 21， 即薄膜 21即为声窗 2， 并且 该薄膜 21可拆卸地或者永久地连接到外壳 1上。
[0049] 本发明的另一些实施例中， 声窗 2可以还包括外框 22， 该薄膜 21被张紧并连接 到该外框 22上， 该外框 22与外壳 1可拆卸地或者永久地连接， 从而将该声窗 2连 接到外壳 1上。
[0050] 例如， 如图 1至图 7所示， 一种超声扫描探头， 包括外壳 1、 换能器 3、 声窗 2及 驱动机构 4。 外壳 1包括上壳体 11和下壳体 12， 该上壳体 11和下壳体 12固定连接 而围出内部空间 15， 该内部空间 15的底部具有敞口 16。 声窗 2包括固定连接的薄 膜 21和外框 22， 该外框 22与下壳体 12的底部固定， 该薄膜 21封闭外壳的敞口 16 。 换能器 3能够发送超声波和接收反射波， 其具有超声波发送接收面 31。 薄膜 21 位于换能器 2的面向待测组织的一侧， 例如位于超声波发送接收面和待测组织之 间。 驱动机构 4设置于外壳的内部空间 15中， 驱动机构 4与换能器 3动力连接并能 够驱动换能器直线移动。 薄膜的正面 23与待测组织直接接触， 换能器在薄膜的 背面 24运动并发射超声波透过薄膜扫描待测组织。 薄膜具有超声波透过性， 其 被张紧并保持张紧状态。
[0051] 驱动机构 4可以包括丝杠副 42和电机 41， 丝杠副包括螺纹连接的丝杠 43和螺母 4 4， 电机 41与丝杠 43动力连接， 螺母 44与换能器 3固定， 换能器 3安装在直线导轨 14上， 直线导轨 14固定在外壳的内部空间 15内。 [0052] 薄膜 21可以是具有一定长度和宽度的方形薄膜， 直线导轨 14在薄膜的长度方向 延伸。 换能器的宽度与薄膜的宽度匹配， 通常的， 换能器的宽度等于或略小于 薄膜的宽度。 换能器的长度小于薄膜的长度， 在薄膜的长度方向， 换能器能够 前后移动。
[0053] 为了便于移动整个超声扫描探头， 外壳上还可以设有手柄 13。
[0054] 对于超声扫描探头， 其包括声窗和外壳。 在一种结构中， 声窗与外壳永久连 接而不能拆分， 如焊接、 铆接或胶连， 采用此种结构吋， 不需要更换声窗。 在 另一种结构中， 声窗与外壳可拆卸连接而能够拆分， 如螺纹连接或卡扣连接， 采用此种结构吋， 医生可以根据需要定期更换声窗。
[0055] 对于超声扫描探头， 驱动机构能够驱动换能器运动， 如旋转运动或直线移动。
[0056] 对于超声扫描探头， 薄膜能够覆盖固定人体组织 （如乳房） ， 换能器在薄膜背 面移动来扫描人体组织。 薄膜具有超声波透过性， 图像质量满足医生阅片需求 ； 另外， 薄膜材质和厚度满足抗疲劳性要求， 扫描吋薄膜不容易蠕变， 可以较 好的挤压固定乳房， 在快速扫描模式 （例如 15秒换能器水平移动 16cm) 下， 被 检査者的乳头等敏感区域不会产生疼痛感。
[0057] 如图 7所示， 一种超声成像系统， 包括支撑架 200、 数据处理装置及上述超声扫 描探头 100， 支撑架 200能够沿着立柱 300升降， 立柱 300的底部与底座 400固定。 超声扫描探头 100设置在支撑架 200上并且与数据处理装置电连接。
[0058] 本发明的实施例中， 超声扫描探头的薄膜在工作中始终处于张紧状态， 能够较 好的挤压固定人体组织， 避免人体组织产生不必要的位移和形变， 从而保证采 集图像的质量， 同吋扫描吋被检査者的敏感区域也不容易产生疼痛感。
[0059] 以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能认定 本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人 员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换， 都 应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 包括外壳、 包括薄膜的声窗、 能够 发射超声波透过所述薄膜扫描待测组织的换能器及能够驱动所述换能 器运动的驱动机构； 所述声窗连接到所述外壳上； 所述换能器和所述 驱动机构设置于所述外壳中； 所述薄膜位于所述换能器的面向待测组 织的一侧； 所述薄膜具有超声波透过性； 其中所述薄膜在所述超声扫 描探头工作之前被预张紧并且在工作过程中保持张紧状态。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述薄膜为不透气 的薄膜。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1或 2所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述薄膜为不透 液的薄膜。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1至 3中任意一项所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述 薄膜由高分子材料制成。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1至 3中任意一项所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述 薄膜由透明材料制成。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1至 3中任意一项所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述 外壳由透明材料制成。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于： 所述外壳具有底部 敞口的内部空间， 所述换能器及所述驱动机构设于所述内部空间中， 所述薄膜封闭所述内部空间的底部敞口。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 1所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 所述声窗还包括外 框， 所述薄膜被张紧并连接到所述外框上， 所述外框连接到所述外壳
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 所述薄膜和所述外 壳可拆卸连接。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 8所述的超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 所述外框和所述 外壳可拆卸连接。
[权利要求 11] 一种超声扫描探头， 其特征在于， 包括外壳、 包括薄膜的声窗、 换 能器及驱动机构， 所述声窗连接到所述外壳的底部， 所述外壳的底部 被所述薄膜封闭而形成内部空间； 所述换能器能够发射超声波透过所 述薄膜扫描待测组织， 所述换能器具有超声波发送接收面； 所述薄膜 位于所述换能器的面向待测组织的一侧； 所述驱动机构设于所述内部 空间中并能够驱动所述换能器在所述薄膜的上方运动； 所述薄膜具有 超声波透过性； 其中所述薄膜在所述超声扫描探头工作之前被预张紧 并且在工作过程中保持张紧状态。
[权利要求 12] —种超声成像系统， 包括支撑架和数据处理装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括权利要求 1-11中任意一项所述的超声扫描探头， 所述超声扫描探 头设置在所述支撑架上并与所述超声扫描探头电连接。
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