WO2016208253A1 - 硬度計 - Google Patents
硬度計 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016208253A1 WO2016208253A1 PCT/JP2016/061231 JP2016061231W WO2016208253A1 WO 2016208253 A1 WO2016208253 A1 WO 2016208253A1 JP 2016061231 W JP2016061231 W JP 2016061231W WO 2016208253 A1 WO2016208253 A1 WO 2016208253A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hardness meter
- main body
- hardness
- buffer member
- movable part
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0048—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli
- A61B5/0053—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying mechanical forces or stimuli by applying pressure, e.g. compression, indentation, palpation, grasping, gauging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/442—Evaluating skin mechanical properties, e.g. elasticity, hardness, texture, wrinkle assessment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0223—Magnetic field sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hardness meter.
- the measurement of hardness is beneficial in the medical field, or in the fields of skin shaping and beauty.
- the medical field by measuring the hardness of a predetermined location, it is possible to determine ulcers on the support surface skin caused by bedriddenness in the same posture over a long period of time, skin edema or scleroderma due to changes in organs, and the like.
- the fields of skin shaping and beauty by measuring the hardness of a predetermined location, it is possible to determine the degree of disease progression, the effect of drug treatment, and the like.
- Patent Document 2 Conventionally, there is a technique for reciprocating a piston using a crank mechanism (see Patent Document 2) and a piston assembly sealing technique (see Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 uses change information of a resonance state when the mechanical vibration unit comes into contact with an object, and is not a technique using an acceleration sensor in the first place. Therefore, a hardness meter using an acceleration sensor is required to have a structure in which a piston is smoothly moved at a contact portion with an object.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for moving a piston using a crank mechanism.
- the crankshaft that is eccentric with respect to the shaft of the power source such as a motor
- the contact portion with the object swings in the lateral direction. Due to this influence, noise is mixed in information from the acceleration sensor, and it has been considered difficult to apply the crank mechanism to the hardness meter using the acceleration sensor.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for sealing a piston, but this technique only considers a reduction in mechanical load at the piston tip.
- a sealing technique that enables a smooth piston movement in a hardness meter using an acceleration sensor has not been studied.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a hardness meter capable of smoothly piston-moving a contact portion with an object.
- the present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems.
- a first sensor that outputs acceleration information corresponding to the acceleration of the movement of the portion in the pressing direction, and a second sensor that outputs reaction force information corresponding to a reaction force at a contact portion of the measurement object with the movable portion.
- a hardness meter is provided that includes a sensor, a motor, a crank mechanism that is driven by the motor and causes the main body portion and the movable portion to perform a piston motion, and at least one buffer member disposed around the main body portion.
- acceleration information corresponding to an acceleration of a movement in a pressing direction of a main body portion including a movable portion that is continuously pressed against a measurement target and a contact portion of the measurement target with the movable portion.
- a second sensor that outputs reaction force information corresponding to a reaction force at a contact portion with the movable part of the measurement object, a motor,
- a crank mechanism that causes the main body part and the movable part to perform a piston motion, at least one buffer member disposed around the main body part, and a contact member that surrounds the movable part and contacts the measurement object , And the contact member has a notch.
- a contact member for a hardness meter having a movable part that is continuously pressed against an object to be measured is provided.
- the contact member is configured to surround the movable part and to contact the measurement object, and has a notch.
- the contact portion with the object can be smoothly moved by the piston.
- FIG. 1 It is a whole lineblock diagram of a living body hardness meter of one embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the principle of operation of a measuring apparatus. It is a schematic diagram of the structural example of a measuring apparatus. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the output voltage by the side of a receiving coil, and the pressure by compression.
- A is a figure which shows the output by an acceleration sensor
- (b) is a figure which shows the output by a magnetic sensor
- (c) is a figure which shows the output by a pressure sensor, when a target object is made into a spring.
- D is a figure which shows the output by a displacement sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a figure which shows a magnetic sensor voltage
- (b1) is a figure which shows a 2nd-order differential waveform
- (b2) is a figure which shows the acceleration waveform based on the output of an acceleration sensor
- (c) is a target object
- FIG. It is an example of the flowchart which shows the flow of the whole process by a biological hardness meter. It is a block diagram of the biohardness meter in 1st Example. It is the figure which looked at the bearing member and crankshaft in a measuring apparatus from upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the buffer member in 1st Example from the side. It is the figure which looked at the buffer member in 1st Example from the advancing direction side of piston motion.
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 11. It is a preferable example of arrangement
- the following examples relate to a technique for calculating the hardness of a measurement object.
- a living body such as a human body will be described as an example of the measurement target, but the measurement target is not limited thereto.
- the hardness meter in the following embodiments may be applied to an object other than a living body.
- Hardness is an index representing the hardness of the measurement object.
- the hardness can be expressed by various indices, but as an example, may be defined by a concept including at least one of elasticity and viscosity.
- Elasticity represents the property that an object deformed by applying a force tries to return to its original shape when the force is removed.
- Viscosity represents a characteristic that is difficult to return to its original shape when an object is deformed by applying force.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a biological hardness tester.
- the biological hardness meter 1000 includes a measurement device 1 and a hardness calculation device 2.
- the illustration of a part of structure is abbreviate
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes a main body portion 14 having a receiving coil 11 (magnetic field detecting means), a movable portion 15 having a transmitting coil 12 (magnetic field generating means) and an acceleration sensor 13, and a spring 16 (elastic body).
- the receiving coil 11 and the transmitting coil 12 are collectively referred to as a magnetic sensor 19.
- the magnetic sensor 19 outputs reaction force information corresponding to the reaction force at the contact portion of the object with the movable portion 15.
- the acceleration sensor 13 outputs acceleration information corresponding to the acceleration of the movement in the pressing direction of the contact portion with the movable part 15 in the object.
- the contact part 20 of the movable part 15 is a part that is pressed against the body B so that the body B of the human body, which is the object, is recessed when calculating the hardness.
- the main-body part 14 and the movable part 15 have rigidity.
- the acceleration sensor 13 detects information on acceleration of movement in the pressing direction.
- the body B has a spring property and a dashpot property.
- the body B has a spring 17 (a) (spring constant K) and a dashpot 17 (b) (dashpot constant G).
- the spring constant K corresponds to the elastic component of the body B
- the dashpot constant G corresponds to the viscous component of the body B. At least one of these elastic components and viscous components is a calculation target in this embodiment.
- the magnetic sensor 19 outputs voltage information corresponding to the magnitude of the reaction force of the body B corresponding to the pressure applied to the body B by the measuring device 1. Therefore, the receiving coil 11 and the transmitting coil 12 are disposed so as to face each other. And between the main-body part 14 and the movable part 15, the spring 16 whose spring constant is K '(known) is arrange
- the spring 16 may be replaced with a spring having the same shape and a large wire diameter. Further, the free length of the spring 16 may be made longer.
- the compression force F for the spring 16 to have the same contraction amount increases, and as a result, the force from the main body portion 14 to the object also increases.
- the hardness of the deep layer position of a target object can be measured.
- the hardness of not only the skin surface but the subcutaneous tissue or muscle to the skin deep layer can be measured.
- the AC oscillation source 31 generates an AC voltage having a specific frequency (for example, 20 kHz).
- the alternating voltage is converted into an alternating current having a specific frequency by the amplifier 32, and the converted alternating current flows through the transmission coil 12.
- the magnetic field generated by the alternating current flowing through the transmission coil 12 causes the reception coil 11 to generate an induced electromotive force.
- the alternating current generated in the receiving coil 11 by the induced electromotive force (the frequency is the same as the frequency of the alternating voltage generated by the alternating current oscillation source 31) is amplified by the preamplifier 33, and the amplified signal is input to the detection circuit 34. .
- the detection circuit 34 detects the amplified signal based on a specific frequency or a double frequency generated by the AC oscillation source 31. Therefore, the output of the AC oscillation source 31 is introduced as a reference signal 35 to the reference signal input terminal of the detection circuit 34. Note that an operation method using a full-wave rectifier circuit without using the detector circuit 34 may be adopted.
- the voltage information (output signal) from the detection circuit 34 (or rectifier circuit) passes through the low-pass filter 36 and is then introduced into the drive circuit 21 (see FIG. 1) of the hardness calculator 2.
- the line 4b solid line
- the conversion coefficient indicating the ratio of the pressure applied to the body B to the voltage information output from the magnetic sensor 19 is hereinafter referred to as a voltage / pressure conversion coefficient (Cmp [N / mV]), and this value is It is assumed that it has been calculated in advance by experiments.
- the hardness calculation device 2 is a computer device.
- the hardness calculation device 2 includes drive circuits 21 and 22, a microprocessor 23, a storage unit 24, a sound generation unit 25, a display unit 26, a power supply unit 27, and an input unit 28.
- the drive circuit 21 transmits the voltage information received from the receiving coil 11 of the measuring apparatus 1 via the low-pass filter 36 (see FIG. 2) and the like to the microprocessor 23.
- the drive circuit 22 transmits the acceleration information received from the acceleration sensor 13 of the measuring apparatus 1 to the microprocessor 23.
- the microprocessor 23 is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the microprocessor 23 includes a differential waveform creation unit 231, a waveform comparison unit 232, a conversion coefficient calculation unit 233, a calculation unit 235, and a determination unit 236.
- the processing unit of the microprocessor 23 can be realized by various programs. For example, various programs stored in the storage unit 24 are expanded in a memory (not shown) of the hardness calculator 2.
- the microprocessor 23 executes a program loaded in the memory.
- processing contents of each processing unit of the microprocessor 23 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the output from the acceleration sensor 13 is as shown in (a), and the output from the magnetic sensor 19 is as shown in (b).
- the output when a pressure sensor (not shown) is used instead of the magnetic sensor 19 is as shown in (c), and the output (displacement true) by a displacement sensor (not shown) such as a laser sensor as a reference is shown.
- the value (correct value) is as shown in (d).
- the purpose of this embodiment is to calculate the hardness of the object, that is, at least one of the spring constant K and the dashpot constant G in FIG. To that end, first, consider obtaining information as close as possible to the information shown in (d) using at least one of the output information shown in (a), (b), and (c) of FIG. Then, the hardness of the object is calculated using the obtained information.
- the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md is a numerical value indicating the ratio of the magnitude of the acceleration waveform to the second-order differential waveform (described later in detail). The same applies to the waveform of the output from the pressure sensor shown in (c) and the waveform of the output from the displacement sensor shown in (d).
- Expression (1) is an expression representing Hooke's law.
- Expression (2) is an expression representing that the displacement amount X can be obtained by multiplying the output voltage V m from the magnetic sensor 19 by the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md .
- Expression (3) is an expression representing that the pressure F can be obtained by multiplying the output voltage V m by the magnetic sensor 19 by the voltage / pressure conversion coefficient C mp .
- Equation (2) Equation (2)
- Equation (3) Equation (3)
- the complex elastic modulus of the object can be calculated by dividing the voltage / pressure conversion coefficient Cmp by the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient Cmd .
- this complex elastic modulus is used as information on hardness.
- the storage unit 24 is a means for storing various information, and is realized by, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), or the like.
- the storage unit 24 stores in advance a voltage / pressure conversion coefficient Cmp calculated by experiment.
- the sound generator 25 is a means for generating sound, and is realized by a speaker, for example.
- the sound generation unit 25 generates a beep sound at the start and end of measurement by the measurement apparatus 1.
- the display unit 26 is a means for performing various displays, and is realized by, for example, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) Display.
- the display unit 26 displays various waveforms, hardness of the object (for example, at least one of elasticity information and viscosity information), an indicator that visualizes the hardness of the object, and the like.
- the power supply unit 27 is a power supply means in the hardness calculation device 2.
- the input unit 28 is a means operated by the user for inputting various information, and is realized by, for example, a keyboard or a mouse.
- the entire measuring apparatus 1a (1) is a pencil type.
- the measuring device 1 a (1) includes a main body portion 14 and a movable portion 15.
- the main body 14 includes the receiving coil 11, the coil substrate 120 on which the receiving coil 11 is mounted, the operation circuit substrate 130 connected to the receiving coil 11 and the transmitting coil 12, the battery 18, and the start of hardness calculation.
- An operation button 190 to be operated and a display unit 26 are provided.
- the movable portion 15 includes a transmission coil 12, an acceleration sensor 13, and a coil substrate 110 on which the transmission coil 12 and the acceleration sensor 13 are mounted.
- one to four springs 16a (16) are arranged between the coil substrate 110 and the coil substrate 120.
- a single spring 16a (16) can be used, and the spring 16a (16) having a diameter equal to or larger than the coil diameter of the coil substrate 110 and the transmitting coil 12 can be used. If the spring 16a (16) has a single configuration, the coil substrate 110 and the coil of the transmitting coil 12 can be arranged inside the spring 16a (16), and the size can be reduced.
- the measuring device 1a (1) when the movable part 15 is pressed against the object so that the object is recessed, the spring 16a (16) is contracted, and the transmission coil 12 and the reception coil 11 approach each other.
- produced in the contact part 20 is output from the receiving coil 11 because the magnitude
- the whole measuring apparatus 1a (1) is a pencil type, it is compact and easy to use.
- the operation button 190 of the measuring apparatus 1 is operated by the operator (step S1).
- the whole measuring apparatus 1a (1) is attached to a motor (not shown).
- the motor by driving the motor, the movable part 15 can be continuously pressed against the object at a predetermined frequency fHz.
- the microprocessor 23 of the hardness calculation device 2 acquires information from the measurement device 1 each time the movable part 15 of the measurement device 1 is pressed against the object.
- the microprocessor 23 calculates hardness (for example, complex elastic modulus) based on information (reaction force information and acceleration information) acquired from the measuring device 1 (step S2).
- the microprocessor 23 calculates an average value and a variance for the hardness data calculated in step S2 (step S3).
- step S4 determines whether or not those values are abnormal values based on the average value and the variance calculated in step S3 (step S4). This process is executed by the determination unit 236 of the microprocessor 23. In the case of Yes, it progresses to step S5, and in No, it progresses to step S6.
- the determination of whether or not the value is an abnormal value can be realized, for example, by comparing the average value and the variance with a preset threshold value.
- step S4 in the case of an abnormal value
- the microprocessor 23 causes the display unit 26 to display a message for redoing the measurement and returns to step S2 (step S5).
- step S6 the microprocessor 23 displays information on hardness on the display unit 26 (step S6), and the process is terminated.
- the display unit 26 may display an average value of information regarding hardness and an average value of information regarding elastic components.
- step S2 the hardness calculation process (step S2) will be described with reference to FIG.
- the complex elastic modulus is calculated as the hardness.
- the microprocessor 23 acquires a voltage waveform based on the voltage information acquired from the magnetic sensor 19 via the drive circuit 21 and an acceleration waveform based on the acceleration information acquired from the acceleration sensor 13 via the drive circuit 22.
- the voltage waveform is input to the differential waveform creation unit 231.
- the acceleration waveform is input to the waveform comparison unit 232.
- FIG. 6A shows a voltage waveform.
- (b2) of FIG. 6 shows an acceleration waveform.
- the differential waveform creating unit 231 differentiates the voltage waveform to the second order and creates a second order differential waveform.
- (B1) in FIG. 6 shows a second-order differential waveform calculated from the voltage waveform.
- the waveform comparison unit 232 compares the second-order differential waveform ((b1) in FIG. 6) calculated by the differential waveform creation unit 231 with the acceleration waveform ((b2) in FIG. 6), and converts the comparison result. It outputs to the coefficient calculation part 233.
- the conversion coefficient calculation unit 233 calculates a voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md based on the comparison result.
- the conversion coefficient calculation unit 233 outputs the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md to the calculation unit 235.
- the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md can be calculated using the following equation (5) (see FIG. 6B).
- Am and Aa correspond to the values shown in (b1) and (b2) of FIG. 6, respectively.
- the calculation unit 235 divides the voltage / pressure conversion coefficient Cmp stored in advance in the storage unit 24 by the voltage / displacement conversion coefficient C md (see Expression (4)), so that the complex elasticity of the object is obtained.
- the absolute value K of the rate is calculated.
- the complex elastic modulus is a dynamic physical property value of a material taking into account the energy lost as heat when the measurement object is deformed and recovered.
- the real part of the complex elastic modulus is equal to the storage elastic modulus, and the imaginary part is equal to the loss elastic modulus.
- the example of calculating the complex elastic modulus as the hardness has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- at least one information of an elastic component and a viscous component may be calculated as more detailed information on hardness.
- the phase difference between the acceleration waveform and the second-order differential waveform calculated from the voltage waveform may be calculated, and the elastic component and the viscosity component information may be calculated using the complex elastic modulus and the phase difference.
- FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the biohardness meter in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 mainly shows only the components of the measuring device 1, and the components of the hardness calculating device 2 are omitted.
- the hardness calculation device 2 may be incorporated in the measurement device 1 of FIG. 8 or may be realized by another computer device connected by wire or wirelessly.
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes a motor 81 and a crank mechanism driven by the motor 81.
- the crank mechanism includes a crankshaft 82 that is eccentric with respect to the shaft 81 a of the motor 81, and a link (connecting member) 84 that connects the crankshaft 82 and the main body 14.
- the measuring device 1 is configured to transmit the power from the motor 81 to the main body portion 14 by a crank mechanism and press the movable portion 15 against the object at a predetermined frequency.
- the measuring apparatus 1 includes a housing 80 for accommodating various components described below.
- the housing 80 has a shape bent substantially at a right angle in a plan view of FIG.
- the housing 80 includes a first portion 80a and a second portion 80b.
- the motor 81 is disposed in the first portion 80a, and the main body portion 14 is disposed in the second portion 80b.
- a crank mechanism is disposed at a bent portion between the first portion 80 a and the second portion 80 b of the housing 80. According to this configuration, when the motor 81 disposed in the first portion 80a is driven, the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 can be moved in a piston motion by the crank mechanism.
- the operator can point the second portion 80b toward the object while holding the first portion 80a by hand.
- the living body hardness meter of the present embodiment does not require an absolute rest of the measurement object, and is a preferable configuration for a moving measurement object such as a human body.
- a cylindrical bearing member 83 is attached to the shaft 81a of the motor 81.
- a crankshaft 82 is attached to the bearing member 83 at a position eccentric with respect to the shaft 81 a of the motor 81.
- FIG. 9 is a view of the bearing member 83 and the crankshaft 82 as viewed from above. Further, in order to stabilize the rotation of the shaft 81a, a bearing may be fixed around the shaft 81a in the bearing member 83.
- the crankshaft 82 is connected to the main body 14 by a link 84.
- the crankshaft 82 that is eccentric with respect to the shaft 81a of the motor 81 rotates around the shaft 81a of the motor 81 in a plan view of FIG.
- the link 84 moves in the left-right direction in FIG. 8, and as a result, the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 perform piston motion.
- the direction of the piston movement of the main body 14 and the movable portion 15 is referred to as a traveling direction.
- the length l 1 of the link 84 is 1/3 or more with respect to the length l 2 of the main body part 14 in the traveling direction. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce lateral movement (rattle in the casing 80) when the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 are subjected to piston movement by the crank mechanism.
- the main body 14 has a cylindrical shape.
- the main body 14 includes a first member 86 connected to the link 84 and a second member 87 connected to the first member 86.
- the first member 86 is connected to the link 84 by a connecting member 85.
- the first member 86 has an extending portion 86 a that extends inside the second member 87.
- the extending portion 86a includes a coil substrate 120 to which the receiving coil 11 is attached.
- the coil substrate 120 is disposed at a position facing the coil substrate 110 of the movable portion 15.
- the second member 87 of the main body portion 14 includes a movable portion 15.
- the movable part 15 has a cylindrical shape.
- the movable part 15 is connected to the first member 91 including the contact part 20 with the object, and the second member 87 connected to the first member 91 and disposed inside the second member 87 of the main body part 14.
- the movable portion 15 is supported inside the second member 87 of the main body portion 14 in a state where the contact portion 20 with the object protrudes from the tip of the second member 87.
- the spring 16 is disposed between the first member 91 of the movable portion 15 and the protruding portion 87a of the second member 87 of the main body portion 14.
- the second member 92 of the movable portion 15 includes a coil substrate 110 to which the transmission coil 12 is attached.
- the coil substrate 110 is disposed at a position facing the coil substrate 120. Thereby, the receiving coil 11 and the transmitting coil 12 are disposed so as to face each other.
- the acceleration sensor 13 is attached to the coil substrate 110.
- a plurality of buffer members 93 are arranged around the main body 14.
- the buffer member 93 is a rubber member.
- the buffer member 93 is made of silicone rubber.
- the buffer member 93 does not have to be silicone rubber, and rubber used for a packing material or the like can be used.
- two buffer members 93 are disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80. According to this configuration, the main body portion 14 and the housing can be moved even when a lateral movement (ragging in the housing 80) occurs when the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 are piston-moved by the crank mechanism.
- the buffer member 93 is disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80, the buffer member 93 is disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80. Since the contact between the main body part 14 and the housing 80 can be prevented, smooth piston movement of the main body part 14 and the movable part 15 becomes possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent noise from being mixed in the information from the acceleration sensor 13, and as a result, the accuracy of the hardness measured by the biological hardness meter is improved.
- the buffer members 93 may be disposed at least at two locations around the main body portion 14. In addition, the buffer member 93 may be disposed on a portion where contact between the main body 14 and the housing 80 is assumed.
- FIG. 10 to 12 show the structure of the buffer member 93.
- FIG. 10 is a view of the buffer member 93 as viewed from the side
- FIG. 11 is a view of the buffer member 93 as viewed from the direction of travel of the piston motion.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- the buffer member 93 has a ring shape surrounding the periphery of the main body 14 (FIG. 11).
- the buffer member 93 has an S-shaped cross section (FIG. 12). Since the buffer member 93 has an S-shaped cross section, the buffer member 93 can have a spring property. If the buffer member 93 is provided with a spring property, the buffer member 93 is always easily returned to the same position when the main body portion 14 performs a piston motion. Therefore, in order to perform a stable piston motion, the buffer member 93 preferably has a spring property while having a function of preventing contact between the main body portion 14 and the housing 80.
- FIG. 13 shows a preferred arrangement example of the buffer member 93.
- the two buffer members 93 are arranged so that their S-shapes face each other.
- the two buffer members 93 are arranged so that their S-shapes are symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the traveling direction (dotted line in FIG. 13).
- the position of the buffer member 93 may be shifted in the traveling direction.
- the S-shapes of the buffer members 93 are arranged so as to face each other, it is possible to prevent the buffer members 93 from being displaced when the main body portion 14 performs a piston motion.
- the buffer member 93 having an S-shaped cross section has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the buffer member 93 may have a rectangular cross-sectional shape. In consideration of springiness, the buffer member 93 may have a cross-sectional shape having at least one curved portion.
- the main body 14 may include a non-slip member 94 disposed around the buffer member 93.
- the anti-slip member 94 is a polyester tape (mylar tape).
- the non-slip member 94 only needs to form a step in the main body portion 14 and may be made of other materials.
- the anti-slip member 94 is disposed between the two buffer members 93, but is not limited to this configuration.
- FIG. 14 shows another configuration example of the biological hardness tester. As shown in FIG. 14, preferably, the anti-slip member 94 may be disposed before and after each buffer member 93 with respect to the traveling direction.
- the main body portion 14 may include a groove portion 96 at a position corresponding to the buffer member 93. Thereby, the shift
- the housing 80 may include a groove portion 95 at a position corresponding to the buffer member 93.
- difference of the buffer member 93 when the main-body part 14 carries out piston motion can be prevented.
- the measuring apparatus 1 further includes a contact member (guard member) 101 that surrounds the periphery of the movable portion 15 and contacts the measurement object.
- the contact member 101 has a cylindrical shape and is attached to the tip of the second portion 80 b of the housing 80 by a screw 103.
- the contact member 101 has a pressing portion 101a for pressing against the measurement object (FIG. 8).
- the relationship between the pressing part 101a of the contact member 101 and the contact part 20 of the movable part 15 is demonstrated.
- the surface of the contact portion 20 of the movable portion 15 and the surface of the pressing portion 101a of the contact member 101 are located on the same plane at the center position of the amplitude of the piston motion. Therefore, the surface of the contact portion 20 of the movable portion 15 protrudes from the surface of the pressing portion 101a of the contact member 101 when the amplitude of the piston motion is maximum.
- the surface of the contact portion 20 of the movable portion 15 protrudes 1.5 mm from the surface of the pressing portion 101a of the contact member 101 when the amplitude of the piston motion is maximum.
- FIG. 15 is a view of the contact member 101 as viewed from the direction of piston movement
- FIG. 16 is a view of the contact member 101 as viewed from the side.
- the contact member 101 has three pressing portions 101a.
- the contact member 101 only needs to include at least three pressing portions 101a. According to this configuration, when the main body portion 14 is moved in a piston motion while bringing the three pressing portions 101a into contact with the measurement object, the measurement device 1 is held at a certain position (height) with respect to the measurement object.
- the contact portion 20 of the movable portion 15 can be vertically applied to the measurement object. Accordingly, accurate hardness information can be obtained.
- the contact member 101 has three cutout portions 102.
- the skin surface becomes hard due to the tension of the skin surface when the contact member 101 is pressed against the measurement object. If the skin surface becomes hard in this way, the original hardness of the skin or muscle cannot be measured.
- the contact member 101 includes the notch 102, the tension on the skin surface escapes from the notch 102, and the original hardness of the skin or muscle can be measured.
- the number of the notch parts 102 is not limited to three. Further, as described above, since the notch 102 serves to release the tension on the skin surface, the notch 102 is preferably provided in a wider range in the contact member 101. As an example, it is preferable that the notch 102 occupies 1/2 or more with respect to the circumference R of the contact member 101 when viewed in a plan view (contact surface with the measurement object) in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the biohardness meter in the second embodiment. Constituent elements described in the above-described embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the feature of this embodiment is that one buffer member 104 is arranged around the main body 14.
- the buffer member 104 is disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80.
- the buffer member 104 is a gel-like member that covers the periphery of the main body 14.
- the buffer member 104 is a silicone gel.
- the cushioning member 104 may be made of a material such as silicone gel packed in a bag shape.
- another gel-like member may be used as the buffer member 104.
- the buffer member 104 may be partially disposed on a portion where the main body portion 14 and the housing 80 are supposed to contact each other.
- the buffer member 104 it is possible to use one or a plurality of members having a resin or metal bearing structure as the buffer member 104.
- the material of the buffer member 104 having a bearing structure include Teflon.
- 18 is a side view of the buffer member 104 having a resin or metal bearing structure
- FIG. 19 is a view of the buffer member 104 of FIG. 18 as viewed from the direction of piston movement.
- the buffer member 104 is a cylindrical member and is disposed around the main body 14.
- the buffer member 104 may be a resin or metal ring-shaped member.
- the ring-shaped cushioning member 104 is disposed at one or a plurality of locations around the body portion 14 where contact with the housing 80 is assumed.
- the following contact surface of the buffer member 104 with the main body 14 is provided.
- Such surface treatment is preferably performed.
- the contact surface of the buffer member 104 with the main body 14 may be mirror-finished (for example, when the buffer member 104 is made of metal, it may be polished).
- a coating may be applied to the contact surface of the buffer member 104 with the main body 14.
- silicon coating or Teflon coating is effective as the coating treatment.
- FIG. 20 shows a configuration in which eight convex rods (rib structures) are provided as the buffer member 104, and the buffer member 104 is viewed from the direction of the piston movement of the main body 14.
- 21 is a cross-sectional view when the buffer member 104 of FIG.
- the eight rod-shaped buffer members 104 are provided at regular intervals around the main body 14 (illustrated by phantom lines). Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the eight rod-shaped buffer members 104 extend along the piston direction of the main body portion 14.
- the example in which the eight bar-shaped buffer members 104 are provided has been described.
- the plurality of convex buffer members 104 have a contact area between the housing 80 and the main body 14. It is effective to make the structure small or to make the friction coefficient between the housing 80 and the main body 14 small.
- the plurality of convex buffer members 104 may be provided so as to support the periphery of the main body 14 (the circumference of the main body 14) at least at three points. In consideration of rattling when the main body part 14 and the movable part 15 are moved by the crank mechanism by the crank mechanism, the plurality of convex buffer members 104 are arranged around the main body part 14 (circumference of the main body part 14). It is preferable that four or more are provided.
- the cross section of the buffer member 104 (that is, the cross section of the convex portion when viewed from the direction of travel of the piston motion) is a square, but is not limited thereto.
- the cross section of the buffer member 104 (the cross section of the convex portion) may be other shapes such as a triangular shape or a semicircular shape.
- the buffer member 104 has a quadrangular cross section and is formed in a rod shape along the piston direction of the main body 14, so that it contacts the main body 14 on the surface.
- the convex buffer member 104 may come into contact with the main body portion 14 by a line or a point depending on the configuration such as the cross-sectional shape thereof.
- the main body 14 may include a groove at a position corresponding to the buffer member 104 in consideration of the stability when the main body 14 and the movable portion 15 are moved by the crank mechanism.
- a plurality of groove portions may be provided along the piston direction of the main body portion 14 at positions corresponding to the bar-shaped buffer member 104 around the main body portion 14. According to this configuration, it is possible to more effectively prevent rattling when the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 are subjected to piston movement by the crank mechanism.
- the main body portion 14 and the housing can be moved even when a lateral movement (ragging in the housing 80) occurs when the main body portion 14 and the movable portion 15 are piston-moved by the crank mechanism. Since the buffer member 104 is disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80, the buffer member 104 is disposed between the main body 14 and the housing 80. Since the contact between the main body part 14 and the housing 80 can be prevented, smooth piston movement of the main body part 14 and the movable part 15 becomes possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent noise from being mixed in the information from the acceleration sensor 13, and as a result, the accuracy of the hardness measured by the biological hardness meter is improved.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.
- the above embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment.
- the structure of another Example can also be added to the structure of a certain Example.
- another configuration can be added, deleted, or replaced.
- the various processes of the microprocessor 23 described above may be realized by hardware, for example, by designing a part or all of them with an integrated circuit.
- Each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor.
- Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function can be stored in a recording device such as a memory, a hard disk, an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.
- control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. All the components may be connected to each other.
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Abstract
Description
式(2)は、磁気センサ19による出力電圧Vmに、電圧・変位変換係数Cmdを乗算することで、変位量Xを得ることができることを表す式である。
式(3)は、磁気センサ19による出力電圧Vmに、電圧・圧力変換係数Cmpを乗算することで、圧力Fを得ることができることを表す式である。
図8は、第1実施例における生体硬度計の構成図である。図8は、主に測定装置1の構成要素のみを図示し、硬度計算装置2の構成要素は省略されている。硬度計算装置2は、図8の測定装置1に組み込まれてもよいし、有線または無線で接続された他のコンピュータ装置で実現されてもよい。
図17は、第2実施例における生体硬度計の構成図である。上述の実施例で説明した構成要素については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
1、1a ...測定装置
2 ...硬度計算装置
11 ...受信コイル
12 ...発信コイル
13 ...加速度センサ(第1のセンサ)
14 ...本体部
15 ...可動部
16、16a...バネ
17(a)...バネ
17(b)...ダッシュポット
18 ...電池
19 ...磁気センサ(第2のセンサ)
20 ...接触部
21、22...駆動回路
23 ...マイクロプロセッサー
24 ...記憶部
25 ...音声発生部
26 ...表示部
27 ...電源部
28 ...入力部
31 ...交流発振源
32 ...アンプ
33 ...プリアンプ
34 ...検波回路
35 ...参照信号
36 ...ローパスフィルタ
80 ...筐体
81 ...モータ
82 ...クランク軸
83 ...軸受部材
84 ...リンク
85 ...連結部材
86 ...本体部の第1の部材
87 ...本体部の第2の部材
91 ...可動部の第1の部材
92 ...可動部の第2の部材
93 ...緩衝部材
94 ...滑り止め部材
95、96...溝部
101 ...接触部材
101a ...押し当て部
102 ...切欠き部
104 ...緩衝部材
110、120...コイル基板
130 ...動作回路基板
190 ...動作ボタン
231 ...微分波形作成部
232 ...波形比較部
233 ...変換係数算出部
235 ...計算部
236 ...判定部
Claims (20)
- 測定対象物に連続的に押し付けられる可動部を備える本体部と、
前記測定対象物における前記可動部との接触部分の押し付け方向の動きの加速度に対応する加速度情報を出力する第1のセンサと、
前記測定対象物における前記可動部との接触部分での反力に対応する反力情報を出力する第2のセンサと、
モータと、
前記モータによって駆動され、前記本体部および前記可動部をピストン運動させるクランク機構と、
前記本体部の周囲に配置された少なくとも1つの緩衝部材と、
を備えることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材が、前記本体部の周囲において少なくとも2箇所に配置されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項2に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材は、S字の断面を有することを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項3に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材は、それらのS字の形状が互いに向き合うように配置されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項2に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材は、ゴム部材であることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記本体部は、前記緩衝部材に対応する位置に溝部を備えることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記本体部は、前記緩衝部材の周囲に配置された滑り止め部材を備えることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記第2のセンサは、2つのコイルとバネとで構成されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記本体部、前記第1のセンサ、前記第2のセンサ、前記モータ、前記クランク機構、および前記緩衝部材を収容する筐体をさらに備え、
前記緩衝部材が、前記筐体と前記本体部との間に配置されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項9に記載の硬度計において、
前記筐体が、前記緩衝部材に対応する位置に溝部を備えることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材は、前記本体部の周囲を覆うゲル状部材であることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記可動部の周囲を取り囲み、かつ、前記測定対象物に接触する接触部材をさらに備え、
前記接触部材が切欠き部を有することを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項12に記載の硬度計において、
前記接触部材が円筒形状であり、前記切欠き部が、前記測定対象物との接触面から見たときに、前記接触部材の円周に対して1/2以上を占めることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記クランク機構は、前記モータの軸に対して偏心した位置にあるクランク軸と、前記クランク軸と前記本体部とを接続する接続部材とを備え、
前記接続部材の長さは、前記本体部の進行方向の長さに対して1/3以上であることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項1に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材は、前記本体部の周囲の1つまたは複数の箇所に配置された樹脂製または金属製の円筒状部材であることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項15に記載の硬度計において、
前記円筒状部材の内側面は、コーティングまたは研磨処理が施されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項9に記載の硬度計において、
前記緩衝部材が、前記筐体に内側面に形成された少なくとも3つの凸部であることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 請求項17に記載の硬度計において、
前記凸部が、前記本体部の前記本体部のピストン方向に沿って延びるように構成されていることを特徴とする硬度計。 - 測定対象物に連続的に押し付けられる可動部を備える本体部と、
前記測定対象物における前記可動部との接触部分の押し付け方向の動きの加速度に対応する加速度情報を出力する第1のセンサと、
前記測定対象物における前記可動部との接触部分での反力に対応する反力情報を出力する第2のセンサと、
モータと、
前記モータによって駆動され、前記本体部および前記可動部をピストン運動させるクランク機構と、
前記本体部の周囲に配置された少なくとも1つの緩衝部材と、
前記可動部の周囲を取り囲み、かつ、前記測定対象物に接触する接触部材と、
を備え、
前記接触部材が切欠き部を有することを特徴とする硬度計。 - 測定対象物に連続的に押し付けられる可動部を備える硬度計用の接触部材であって、
前記可動部の周囲を取り囲み、かつ、前記測定対象物に接触するように構成されるとともに、切欠き部を有することを特徴とする接触部材。
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CN202010090131.9A CN111198142B (zh) | 2015-06-25 | 2016-04-06 | 硬度计 |
CN201680029642.1A CN107615040B (zh) | 2015-06-25 | 2016-04-06 | 硬度计 |
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US11619572B2 (en) | 2023-04-04 |
US10620101B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 |
US11092526B2 (en) | 2021-08-17 |
CN107615040B (zh) | 2020-03-13 |
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US20210341368A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
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