WO2016202178A1 - 一种手持电动工具 - Google Patents

一种手持电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016202178A1
WO2016202178A1 PCT/CN2016/084655 CN2016084655W WO2016202178A1 WO 2016202178 A1 WO2016202178 A1 WO 2016202178A1 CN 2016084655 W CN2016084655 W CN 2016084655W WO 2016202178 A1 WO2016202178 A1 WO 2016202178A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
crank
main shaft
elastic
hand
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/084655
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
覃桂才
Original Assignee
覃桂才
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Publication date
Application filed by 覃桂才 filed Critical 覃桂才
Priority to US15/579,218 priority Critical patent/US10442070B2/en
Priority to EP16810919.7A priority patent/EP3311957B1/en
Publication of WO2016202178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202178A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B19/00—Other reciprocating saws with power drive; Fret-saws
    • B27B19/006—Other reciprocating saws with power drive; Fret-saws with oscillating saw blades; Hand saws with oscillating saw blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/006—Vibration damping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D47/12—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of drives for circular saw blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/008—Cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/46—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides with movements in three dimensions
    • F16H21/52—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides with movements in three dimensions for interconverting rotary motion and oscillating motion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a hand-held power tool, and more particularly to a hand-held power tool for performing various operations on a spindle reciprocating oscillating drive tool attachment.
  • a hand-held power tool in which a spindle reciprocates around its axis to drive a tool attachment for various operations is widely used in many fields, including a housing, a motor, a swinging device, and a spindle.
  • the swinging device of such a power tool has a crank member (eccentric shaft) whose axis is parallel to the axis of the crank arm, and a spherical bearing on the crank arm is connected to the link member (pendulum) through the slide pair.
  • the hand-held power tool crank member and the link member generate a large amount of heat due to sliding friction, and the mechanical efficiency is low; the hand-held power tool is prone to heat when cutting, especially when cutting metal materials for a long time.
  • the present invention aims to provide various technical solutions that overcome the deficiencies of the prior art to provide a hand-held power tool that is energy efficient, convenient, comfortable, safe and reliable.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention is a hand-held power tool having a housing, a motor, a swinging device and a spindle, wherein the spindle reciprocally oscillates around the axis to drive the tool attachment for various operations, characterized in that:
  • the swinging device is provided with a crank member whose angle of intersection with the axis of the crank arm is not more than 30°, the axis of the crank member, the axis of the crank arm and the axis of the main shaft intersect a point that the angle between the axis of the crank member and the axis of the main shaft is fixed to 70° to 110°;
  • the swinging device is provided with a link member connected to the main shaft, the link member The other end is rotatably coupled to the crank member about the axis of the crank arm, and the axis of the link member about an axis perpendicular to the main axis and intersecting the axis of the crank member may be not less than The pivoting center of the crank member
  • An eccentric element is typically used on a hand held power tool having a crank member with an axis parallel to the axis of the crank arm to reduce the shock caused by the crank member to the housing, but the eccentric member cannot reduce the link member to the housing The vibration caused by the body.
  • the portion of the link member that is in contact with the spherical bearing in the crank member is designed to be as light as possible, and the mechanical strength of the link member is thus lowered, and the output of the power tool is reduced. Power is therefore limited.
  • Patent application CN201310057785 discloses a multi-function electric tool provided with a crank member whose axis intersects the axis of the crank arm, the angle between the axis of the crank member and the axis of the main shaft is not fixed, and there is no swing device Install any components for damping.
  • the movement mechanism may be self-locking; when the crank member and the link member are wound around the crank member When the shaft is rotated at a high speed, the vibration of the housing is large.
  • the handheld device provided by the technical solution 1 proposed by the present invention is compared with the prior art.
  • the power tool has high mechanical efficiency, small vibration of the housing, and can have a larger output power.
  • the invention provides a technical solution 2: a hand-held power tool having a casing, a motor, a swinging device and a main shaft, wherein the main shaft reciprocates around its axis to drive the tool attachment to perform various operations, characterized in that:
  • the housing is provided with a valve device, which can selectively guide the positive pressure airflow generated by the blades of the motor during rotation to be discharged through different air passages, and the air passage is disposed in the
  • the housing has a space for the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet, and a positive pressure airflow exiting through one of the air ducts is directed to cool or clean the tool attachment.
  • the airflow generated when the motor blades rotate is only to cool the components inside the hand-held power tool housing.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the technical solution 2 of the present invention repeatedly utilizes the positive pressure airflow generated when the motor blades rotate, and cools or cleans the tool accessories to avoid the safety caused by the high temperature of the tool accessories. Hidden dangers can also improve the efficiency of the work.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides a hand-held power tool having a housing, a motor, a swinging device and a spindle, wherein the spindle reciprocally oscillates around the axis to drive the tool attachment to perform various operations, wherein:
  • the main shaft is provided with a resilient bracket, and the elastic bracket is provided with an inner ring and an outer ring respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft and the housing, and the elastic bracket is further provided with a plurality of elastic elements fixedly connected thereto.
  • the inner ring and the outer ring; the main shaft is oscillated about its axis, and is subjected to a torsional elastic force applied by the elastic bracket, and the main shaft receives a torsional elastic force of zero when the angular velocity is maximum.
  • the main shaft is subjected to the torsional spring force, the angular velocity is zero.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the third embodiment of the present invention can balance the load of the motor during operation, thereby improving the efficiency and life of the motor.
  • the invention provides a hand-held power tool according to claim 1 of the present invention, characterized in that: the eccentric element and the crank member are integrally formed as a motion around the crank member.
  • the centrifugal force generated when the shaft is rotated is equal in magnitude and opposite to the centrifugal force generated when the link member is rotated about the axis of the crank member.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the fourth aspect of the present invention can make the vibration intensity of the casing as low as possible.
  • the present invention provides a hand-held power tool according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, characterized in that any one of the link members is perpendicular to a cross section of the axis of the crank arm.
  • the center is on the axis of the crank arm; the link member, the crank member and the eccentric member have a center of mass on the axis of the crank member as a whole.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the fifth aspect of the present invention can more easily measure the moment of inertia of the rotation of the link member about the axis of the crank, thereby reducing the difficulty of designing the power tool and the manufacturing cost of the component.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention provides a hand-held power tool according to claim 1 of the present invention, characterized in that: the link member is provided with an elastic member and is fixedly connected to the main shaft, An axis of the elastic member about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft and intersecting the axis of the crank member may produce a bending deformation greater than an angle of intersection of the axis of the crank member with the axis of the crank arm, the elastic member winding The axis of the spindle may not produce a bending deformation greater than the angle of intersection of the axis of the crank member with the axis of the crank arm.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the sixth aspect of the present invention can reduce the defects caused by the machining tolerance and the assembly error. Impact, reducing noise caused by active connections.
  • the invention provides a hand-held power tool according to claim 6 of the present invention, characterized in that the angle between the axis of the crank member and the axis of the crank arm is not more than 5
  • the main shaft is provided with a resilient bracket
  • the elastic bracket is provided with an inner ring and an outer ring respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft and the housing, and the elastic bracket is further provided with a plurality of elastic
  • the element fixedly connects the inner ring and the outer ring, and the main shaft is oscillated about the axis to be subjected to a torsional elastic force applied by the elastic bracket; when the axis of the crank member is When the axis of the crank arm and the axis of the spindle are in the same plane, the spindle is subjected to a torsional spring force applied by the elastic bracket to be zero.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the technical solution 7 provided by the invention can not only reduce the adverse effects of machining tolerances or assembly errors on the power tool, reduce the noise caused by the movable connection, improve the life of the bearing, and balance the load of the motor, thereby Improve the efficiency of the motor.
  • the invention provides a hand-held power tool according to claim 2 of the present invention, characterized in that: the valve device is provided with a regulating valve, and the regulating valve is provided with the airflow
  • the diverting port of the inlet butt, adjusting the relative position of the diverter port and the airflow inlet, can adjust the airflow flow of the airflow outlet.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the technical solution 8 proposed by the present invention can conveniently cool or clean the tool attachment by using the airflow generated by the motor blades.
  • the present invention provides a hand-held power tool according to the second aspect of the present invention, characterized in that: the housing is provided with a flow guiding element capable of adjusting a direction, and the flow guiding element is provided There is an airflow outlet that is facing the tool attachment in the direction of the airflow.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the present invention proposed by the present invention can conveniently use the airflow generated by the motor blades to cool or clean the tool accessories.
  • the invention provides a hand-held power tool according to claim 10 of the present invention, characterized in that the elastic bracket supports the spindle to reciprocate around its axis instead of the bearing.
  • the hand-held power tool provided by the technical solution 10 provided by the present invention can reduce the adverse effect on the power tool caused by the failure of the dust-proof component, and can also buffer the vibration of the casing caused by the radial impact of the main shaft.
  • the angle of intersection of the axis of the crank member with the axis of the main shaft is fixed to 90°, which is an optimum embodiment.
  • the elastic bracket may be integrally formed or assembled from a plurality of parts, and the elastic member may be made of a metal material or Made of other elastic materials.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an isometric projection of the major components of a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 2, 3, and 4 are schematic cross-sectional views showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a particular embodiment of the present invention.
  • the relevant components and technical feature numbers are listed below:
  • the crank member 4 having the axis 45 intersecting the axis 44 of the crank arm at an angle of 2° is provided, and the axis 45 of the crank member 4, the axis 44 of the crank arm, and the axis 11 of the spindle 1 intersect at At the same point, the angle of intersection of the axis 45 of the crank member 4 with the axis 11 of the main shaft 1 is fixed to 90°; a link member 3 connected to the main shaft 1 is provided, and the other end of the link member 3 and the crank member 4 pass through the bearing 42 is rotatably coupled about the axis 44, and the link member 3 is rotatable in an angular range of not less than 4° about an axis perpendicular to the axis 11 and intersecting the axis 45.
  • the crank member 4 is provided with a bearing 43 rotatably coupled to the housing 6, and the crank member 4 is simultaneously fixedly coupled to the motor shaft 83 at the same axial center, and the housing 6 is fixedly coupled to the housing 7.
  • the link member 3 drives the spindle 1 to reciprocate around the axis 11 within an angular range of 4°.
  • an eccentric element 41 integrally connected to the crank member 4 is provided.
  • the link member 3 has a symmetrical outer shape and is centered on the axis 44, and the link member 3, the crank member 4, and the eccentric member 41 have a center of mass on the axis 45 as a whole movement.
  • the centrifugal force generated when the link member 3 rotates about the axis 45 is opposite to the centrifugal force generated by the crank member 4 with the eccentric member 41, and thus the vibration caused to the casing 7 is light.
  • the link member 3 is provided with an elastic member 31 which is a sheet-like metal body.
  • the elastic member 31 is wound perpendicular to the axis 11 and The axis at which the axes 45 intersect can produce a bending deformation of more than 2°, and the bending of the elastic member 31 in the direction of the axis 11 becomes small to a negligible level.
  • the link member 3 is fixedly coupled to the main shaft 1 via the elastic member 31, so that noise caused by the movable coupling can be avoided, and the elastic member 31 can also adaptively deform elastically in response to the movement displacement of the member, thereby reducing machining tolerance and assembly error. The adverse effects caused.
  • the main shaft 1 is provided with an elastic bracket 2, and the elastic bracket 2 is provided with an inner ring 22 and an outer ring 23 fixedly connected to the main shaft 1 and the housing 7, respectively, and the elastic bracket 2 is further provided with four elastic members.
  • the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 23 are fixedly connected.
  • the elastic member 21 When the main shaft 1 reciprocates around the axis 11, the elastic member 21 will undergo bending deformation and tensile deformation in the transverse direction of the shaft 11, and the main shaft 1 is also subjected to the torsional elastic force applied by the elastic bracket 2.
  • the torsion spring force received by the main shaft 1 When the torsion spring force received by the main shaft 1 is zero, the angular velocity is the largest, and the torsional spring force received by the main shaft 1 is the maximum angular velocity.
  • the load of the motor 8 When the operation is performed, the load of the motor 8 is proportional to the torsional elastic force received by the main shaft 1 and the angular velocity of the main shaft 1, and thus the elasticity is obtained.
  • the bracket 2 can equalize the load of the motor 8.
  • the elastic bracket 2 replaces the bearing as the support of the main shaft 1, which not only avoids the noise caused by the movable joint, but also avoids the adverse consequences caused by the failure of the bearing grease caused by the failure of the dust ring.
  • the housing 6 is provided with an airflow inlet 61, an airflow inlet 62 and an elastic seal 63.
  • the housing 6 is further provided with a regulating valve 5, which is provided to interface with the airflow inlet 61 and the airflow inlet 62, respectively.
  • the flow dividing port 51 and the splitting port 52 are provided with a flow guiding element 71 and an air flow outlet 72.
  • the flow guiding element 71 is provided with an air outlet 711. The flow guiding element 71 can be adjusted around the axis 11 such that the direction of the air outlet 711 is directed against the tool attachment 9.
  • adjusting the angle of the regulating valve 5 around the axis 45 can achieve the following effects: the split port 51, the airflow inlet 61 are in a communicating state, the split port 52, and the airflow inlet 62 are in a closed state, and the fan blade 81 of the motor 8
  • the positive pressure airflow 82 generated during the rotation is discharged through the airflow outlet 711, and the direction of the airflow outlet 711 is directly opposite to the tool attachment 9, so that the tool attachment 9 is cooled or cleaned;
  • the splitter port 51 and the airflow inlet 61 are in a closed state and the splitter port 52.
  • the airflow inlet 62 is in a communicating state, and the positive pressure airflow 82 generated by the fan blade 81 of the motor 8 is discharged through the airflow outlet 72; the splitter port 51, the airflow inlet 61, the splitter port 52, and the airflow inlet 62 are all in communication state.
  • the positive pressure airflow 82 generated by the blades 81 of the motor 8 is respectively discharged through the airflow outlet 711 and the airflow outlet 72; in order to prevent the motor 8 from being effectively cooled, the split port 51, the airflow inlet 61 and the split port 52, and the airflow
  • the inlet 62 will not be in a simultaneous closed state.
  • crank member 4 is integrally coupled to the motor shaft 83, and the eccentric member 41 is fixedly coupled to the crank member 4, and the link member 3 is elastic.
  • the material is integrally formed.
  • a similar alternative has no substantial effect on the effect of the implementation of this embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种主轴(1)绕轴心(11)往复摆动驱动工具附件(9)进行各种作业的手持电动工具，摆动装置设有可以减小连杆构件(3)对壳体(7)造成的震动的偏心元件(41)；另一壳体(6)设有调节不同风道气流流量的阀门装置(5)，通过其中一个风道的气流可以对工具附件(9)进行冷却或清理；主轴(1)设有弹性支架(2)均衡电机(8)作业时的负载，弹性支架(2)可以代替轴承支撑主轴(1)绕轴心(11)往复摆动。该电动工具效率高、震动小、安全可靠。

Description

一种手持电动工具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种手持电动工具，特别是涉及一种主轴绕轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业的手持电动工具。
背景技术
一种主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业的手持电动工具在很多领域得到广泛的应用，这种手持电动工具包括壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴。通常地，这种电动工具的摆动装置中有一个轴心与曲柄臂轴心平行的曲柄构件(偏心轴)，在曲柄臂上有一个球面轴承通过滑动副与连杆构件(摆杆)连接。这种手持电动工具曲柄构件与连杆构件之间会因为滑动摩擦产生大量的热量，机械效率较低；这种手持电动工具在进行切割作业时刀具容易发热，尤其是长时间切割金属材料时，高温甚至会被传到至主轴和壳体，从而造成操作不适甚至危险；这种电动工具容易因为防尘元件的失效而导致支撑主轴的轴承效率降低甚至失效。业界对这种电动工具有诸多技术改进方案，但仍然还存在着不足之处。
发明内容
本发明旨在提出多种克服现有技术不足的技术方案以提供一种高效节能、便利舒适、安全可靠的手持电动工具。
本发明提出的技术方案1：一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的摆动装置设有轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心相交角度不大于30°的曲柄构件，所述的曲柄构件的轴心、所述的曲柄臂的轴心和所述的主轴的轴心相交于同一点，所述的曲柄构件的轴心与主轴的轴心的交角被固定至70°～110°；所述的摆动装置设有与所述的主轴连接的连杆构件，所述的连杆构件的另一端与所述的曲柄构件绕所述的曲柄臂的轴心可旋转地连接，所述的连杆构件绕垂直于主轴的轴心并与曲柄构件的轴心相交的轴线可以在不小于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与所述的曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的二倍的角度范围内回转；所述的摆动装置设有与所述的曲柄构件固定地连接的偏心元件，所述偏心元件可以减小所述的曲柄构件及所述的连杆构件绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时对所述的壳体造成的震动。
在一种设有轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心平行的曲柄构件的手持电动工具上通常使用一个偏心元件来减小曲柄构件对壳体造成的震动，但是偏心元件无法减小连杆构件对壳体造成的震动。为了减小连杆构件绕主轴轴心转动时的转动惯量，连杆构件中与曲柄构件中的球面轴承接触的部分被设计得尽量轻小，连杆构件的机械强度因而降低，电动工具的输出功率也因此受到限制。专利申请CN201310057785公开了一种设有轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心相交的曲柄构件的多功能电动工具中，曲柄构件的轴心与主轴的轴心的交角是不固定的，而且摆动装置上没有装设任何用以减震的元件。在这种多功能电动工具中，当主轴的轴心与曲柄臂的轴心的交角大于150°或小于30°时，运动机构会出现自锁现象；当曲柄构件和连杆构件绕曲柄构件的轴心高速转动时，壳体的振动较大。与现有技术相比，本发明提出的技术方案1提供的手持 电动工具机械效率高、壳体震动小，可以有更大的输出功率。
本发明提出的技术方案2：一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的壳体设有阀门装置，所述的阀门装置可以选择性地引导所述的电机的风叶在旋转时产生的正压气流通过不同的风道排出，所述的风道是设在所述的壳体内具有气流入口和气流出口的空间，通过其中一个所述的风道排出的正压气流被引导至对所述的工具附件进行冷却或清理。
在现有技术中，电机风叶旋转时产生的气流仅仅对手持电动工具壳体内部的部件起冷却作用。与现有技术相比，本发明提出的技术方案2提供的手持电动工具重复利用了电机风叶旋转时产生的正压气流对工具附件进行冷却或清理，避免因工具附件产生高温所导致的安全隐患，还能提高作业的效率。
本发明提出的技术方案3：一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的主轴设有弹性支架，所述的弹性支架设有分别与所述的主轴、所述的壳体固定地连接的内环和外环，所述的弹性支架还设有若干弹性元件固定地连接所述的内环和所述的外环；所述的主轴绕其轴心摆动时会受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力，所述的主轴受到的扭转弹力为零时角速度最大，所述的主轴受到的扭转弹力最大时角速度为零。
在现有技术中，手持电动工具中的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行作业时，电机负载会随主轴的角速度变化而波动，从而导致电机效率降低和寿命缩短。与现有技术相比，本发明提出技术方案3提供的手持电动工具可以均衡电机在作业时的负载，从而提高电机的效率和寿命。
本发明提出的技术方案4：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案1的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的偏心元件与所述的曲柄构件作为一个运动整体绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时产生的离心力大小相等且方向相反于所述的连杆构件绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时产生的离心力。
本发明提出的技术方案4提供的手持电动工具可以使壳体的震动强度处在尽可能低的水平。
本发明提出的技术方案5：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案4的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的连杆构件的任一垂直于所述的曲柄臂的轴心的截面的中心都处在所述的曲柄臂的轴心上；所述的连杆构件、所述的曲柄构件和所述的偏心元件作为一个运动整体时其质心在所述的曲柄构件的轴心上。
本发明提出的技术方案5提供的手持电动工具可以更容易测算连杆构件绕曲柄的轴心转动的转动惯量，降低了电动工具设计的难度以及零件的制造成本。
本发明提出的技术方案6：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案1的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的连杆构件设有弹性元件并与所述的主轴固定地连接，所述的弹性元件绕垂直于主轴的轴心并与曲柄构件的轴心相交的轴线可以产生大于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的弯曲形变，所述的弹性元件绕所述的主轴的轴心不可以产生大于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的弯曲形变。
本发明提出的技术方案6提供的手持电动工具可以减小加工公差和装配误差造成的不良 影响，减少因活动连接而产生的噪音。
本发明提出的技术方案7：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案6的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的曲柄构件的轴心和所述的曲柄臂的轴心的交角不大于5°；所述的主轴设有弹性支架，所述的弹性支架设有分别与所述的主轴、所述的壳体固定地连接的内环和外环，所述的弹性支架还设有若干弹性元件固定地连接所述的内环和所述的外环，所述的主轴绕轴心摆动时会受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力；当所述的曲柄构件的轴心、所述的曲柄臂的轴心和所述的主轴的轴心处在同一个平面时，所述的主轴受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力为零。
本发明提出的技术方案7提供的手持电动工具不但可以减小加工公差或装配误差对电动工具造成的不良影响，减少因活动连接造成的噪音和提高轴承的寿命，还可以均衡电机的负载，从而提高电机的效率。
本发明提出的技术方案8：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案2的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的阀门装置设有调节阀，所述的调节阀设有与所述的气流入口对接的分流口，调整所述的分流口与所述的气流入口的相对位置可以调节所述的气流出口的气流流量。
本发明提出的本发明提出的技术方案8提供的手持电动工具可以便捷地利用电机风叶产生的气流对工具附件进行冷却或清理。
本发明提出的技术方案9：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案2的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的壳体设有可以调整方向的导流元件，所述的导流元件设有气流方向正对着工具附件的气流出口。
本发明提出的本发明提出的技术方案9提供的手持电动工具可以便捷地利用电机风叶产生的气流对工具附件进行冷却或清理。
本发明提出的技术方案10：一种采用了本发明提出的技术方案10的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的弹性支架代替轴承支撑所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动。
本发明提出的技术方案10提供的手持电动工具可以减小因防尘元件的失效对电动工具造成的不良影响，同时还可以缓冲主轴受到径向冲击时造成的壳体的震动。
在本发明提出的技术方案1提供的手持电动工具中，所述的曲柄构件的轴心与主轴的轴心的交角被固定至90°是最优的实施方案。
在本发明提出的技术方案7和本发明提出的技术方案10提供的手持电动工具中，所述的弹性支架可以一体成型或由多个零件装配而成，所述的弹性元件可以由金属材料或其它弹性材料制成。
综上所述，采用本发明提出的一个或多个技术方案以提供一种高效节能、便利舒适、安全可靠的手持电动工具是可以实现的。
附图说明
图1是本发明的具体实施例的主要部件的等角投影示意图。
图2、图3、图4是本发明的第一个具体实施例的剖面示意图。
图5是本发明的具体实施例的替代方案的剖面示意图。 相关元件、技术特征编号列表如下：
1   主轴              11      轴心              2      弹性支架
21  弹性元件          22      内环              23     外环
3   连杆构件          31      弹性元件          4      曲柄构件
41  偏心元件          42      轴承              43     轴承
44  轴心              45      轴心              5      调节阀
51  分流口            52      分流口            6      壳体
61  气流入口          62      气流入口          63     弹性密封件
7   壳体              71      导流元件          711    气流出口
72  气流出口          8       电机              81     风叶
82  正压气流          83      电机轴            9      工具附件
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示：
在本具体实施例设有轴心45与其曲柄臂的轴心44相交角度为2°的曲柄构件4，曲柄构件4的轴心45、曲柄臂的轴心44和主轴1的轴心11相交于同一点，曲柄构件4的轴心45与主轴1的轴心11的交角被固定至90°；设有与主轴1连接的连杆构件3，连杆构件3的另一端与曲柄构件4通过轴承42绕轴心44可旋转地连接，连杆构件3绕垂直于轴心11并与轴心45相交的轴线可以在不小于4°的角度范围内回转。曲柄构件4设有轴承43与壳体6可旋转地连接，曲柄构件4同时与电机轴83同一轴心固定地连接，壳体6与壳体7固定地连接。当电机8带动曲柄构件4连续旋转时，连杆构件3带动主轴1绕轴心11在4°的角度范围内往复摆动。
在本具体实施例设有与曲柄构件4连为一体的偏心元件41。连杆构件3具有对称的外形并且中心处在轴心44上，连杆构件3、曲柄构件4和偏心元件41作为一个运动整体时其质心在轴心45上。连杆构件3在绕轴心45转动时产生的离心力与带有偏心元件41的曲柄构件4产生的离心力大小相等方向相反，因而对壳体7造成的震动较轻。
在本具体实施例中，连杆构件3设有弹性元件31，弹性元件31是一个薄片状金属体，当连杆构件3绕轴心45转动时，弹性元件31绕垂直于轴心11并与轴心45相交的轴线可以产生大于2°的弯曲形变，弹性元件31绕轴心11的方向的弯曲形变小至可以忽略的水平。连杆构件3通过弹性元件31与主轴1固定地连接，可以避免活动联接造成的噪音，弹性元件31还会因应构件的运动错位产生自适应性的弹性形变，从而减小因加工公差和装配误差造成的不良影响。
在本具体实施例中，主轴1设有弹性支架2，弹性支架2设有分别与主轴1、壳体7固定地连接的内环22和外环23，弹性支架2还设有4个弹性元件21固定地连接内环22和外环23。当曲柄构件4的轴心45、曲柄臂的轴心44和主轴1的轴心11处在同一个平面时，弹性元件21在主轴1的横切方向没有弹性形变。当主轴1绕轴心11往复摆动时，弹性元件21会在轴心11的横切方向产生弯曲形变和拉伸形变，主轴1也受到弹性支架2施加的扭转弹力， 主轴1受到的扭转弹力为零时角速度最大，主轴1受到的扭转弹力最大时角速度为零，在进行作业时电机8的负载与主轴1受到的扭转弹力及主轴1的角速度均成正比，因而弹性支架2可以均衡电机8的负载。当主轴1受到径向的外力冲击时，轴心11相对于壳体6的位置会发生轻微的位移，所造成的震动也得以缓冲。弹性支架2代替轴承作为主轴1的支承，不但可以避免活动联接造成的噪音，还可以避免因防尘圈失效导致的轴承润滑脂失效而造成的不良后果。
在本具体实施例中，壳体6设有气流入口61、气流入口62和弹性密封件63，壳体6还设有调节阀5，调节阀5设有分别与气流入口61、气流入口62对接的分流口51和分流口52，壳体7上设有导流元件71及气流出口72，导流元件71上设有气流出口711。导流元件71可以绕轴心11调整角度使气流出口711的方向正对着工具附件9。
在本具体实施例中，绕轴心45调整调节阀5的角度可以达到以下效果：分流口51、气流入口61处于连通状态而分流口52、气流入口62处于闭合状态，电机8的风叶81在旋转时产生的正压气流82经气流出口711排出，气流出口711的方向正对着工具附件9，从而使工具附件9得到冷却或清理；分流口51、气流入口61处于闭合状态而分流口52、气流入口62处于连通状态，电机8的风叶81在旋转时产生的正压气流82经气流出口72排出；分流口51、气流入口61与分流口52、气流入口62均处于连通状态，电机8的风叶81在旋转时产生的正压气流82分别经气流出口711、气流出口72排出；为了防止电机8得不到有效的冷却，分流口51、气流入口61与分流口52、气流入口62不会处于同时闭合状态。
本具体实施例的一些技术特征可以有多种替代方式:如图5所示，曲柄构件4与电机轴83连为一体，偏心元件41固定地连接在曲柄构件4上，连杆构件3用弹性材料一体成型。类似的替代方式对本实施例的实施效果没有实质性的影响。
本领域技术人员还可以根据本发明提出的多种技术方案对一些技术特征进行非根本性的改动，从而得到其它的实施例。例如：增大或减小曲柄轴心与曲柄臂轴心的交角；连杆构件采用刚性元件与主轴通过回转副连接；采用其它形式的阀门装置调节不同风道的气流流量；在气流出口增设可以调整角度的导流叶片……诸如此类不脱离本发明的范围。
Figure PCTCN2016084655-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016084655-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2016084655-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2016084655-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2016084655-appb-000005

Claims (10)

  1. 一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的摆动装置设有轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心相交角度不大于30°的曲柄构件，所述的曲柄构件的轴心、所述的曲柄臂的轴心和所述的主轴的轴心相交于同一点，所述的曲柄构件的轴心与主轴的轴心的交角被固定至70°～110°；所述的摆动装置设有与所述的主轴连接的连杆构件，所述的连杆构件的另一端与所述的曲柄构件绕所述的曲柄臂的轴心可旋转地连接，所述的连杆构件绕垂直于主轴的轴心并与曲柄构件的轴心相交的轴线可以在不小于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与所述的曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的二倍的角度范围内回转；所述的摆动装置设有与所述的曲柄构件固定地连接的偏心元件，所述偏心元件可以减小所述的曲柄构件及所述的连杆构件绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时对所述的壳体造成的震动。
  2. 一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的壳体设有阀门装置，所述的阀门装置可以选择性地引导所述的电机的风叶在旋转时产生的正压气流通过不同的风道排出，所述的风道是设在所述的壳体内具有气流入口和气流出口的空间，通过其中一个所述的风道排出的正压气流被引导至对所述的工具附件进行冷却或清理。
  3. 一种手持电动工具，具有壳体、电机、摆动装置和主轴，所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动驱动工具附件进行各种作业，其特征在于：所述的主轴设有弹性支架，所述的弹性支架设有分别与所述的主轴、所述的壳体固定地连接的内环和外环，所述的弹性支架还设有若干弹性元件固定地连接所述的内环和所述的外环；所述的主轴绕其轴心摆动时会受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力，所述的主轴受到的扭转弹力为零时角速度最大，所述的主轴受到的扭转弹力最大时角速度为零。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的偏心元件与所述的曲柄构件作为一个运动整体绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时产生的离心力大小相等且方向相反于所述的连杆构件绕所述的曲柄构件的轴心转动时产生的离心力。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的连杆构件的任一垂直于所述的曲柄臂的轴心的截面的中心都处在所述的曲柄臂的轴心上；所述的连杆构件、所述的曲柄构件和所述的偏心元件作为一个运动整体时其质心在所述的曲柄构件的轴心上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的连杆构件设有弹性元件并与所述的主轴固定地连接，所述的弹性元件绕垂直于主轴的轴心并与曲柄构件的轴心相交的轴线可以产生大于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的弯曲形变，所述的弹性元件绕所述的主轴的轴心不可以产生大于所述的曲柄构件的轴心与其曲柄臂的轴心的相交角度的弯曲形变。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的曲柄构件的轴心和所述的曲柄臂的轴心的交角不大于5°；所述的主轴设有弹性支架，所述的弹性支架设有分别与所述的主轴、所述的壳体固定地连接的内环和外环，所述的弹性支架还设有若干弹性元件固定地连接所述的内环和所述的外环，所述的主轴绕轴心摆动时会受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力；当所述的曲柄构件的轴心、所述的曲柄臂的轴心和所述的主轴的轴心处在同一个平面时，所述的主轴受到所述的弹性支架施加的扭转弹力为零。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的阀门装置设有调节阀，所 述的调节阀设有与所述的气流入口对接的分流口，调整所述的分流口与所述的气流入口的相对位置可以调节所述的气流出口的气流流量。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的壳体设有可以调整方向的导流元件，所述的导流元件设有气流方向正对着工具附件的气流出口。
  10. 根据权利要求3或权利要求7所述的手持电动工具，其特征在于：所述的弹性支架代替轴承支撑所述的主轴绕其轴心往复摆动。
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US10442070B2 (en) 2019-10-15
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CN104889944A (zh) 2015-09-09
US20180178368A1 (en) 2018-06-28
EP3311957B1 (en) 2021-03-03

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