Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
  • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
  • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
  • B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
  • B60L53/52—Wind-driven generators
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
  • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
  • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
  • B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
  • G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
  • G06N5/04—Inference or reasoning models
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
  • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
  • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
  • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
  • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
  • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
  • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
  • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
  • H02J3/0012—Contingency detection
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
  • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
  • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
• • H02J3/383—
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
  • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
  • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
  • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
  • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
  • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
  • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Definitions

• aspects of the disclosure relate to methods and systems for determining an optimal energy storage approach and in particular provide methods and systems for generating personalized recommendations regarding an optimal energy storage solution that can be deployed at a customer service point.
• aspects of the technology relate to a data integrator including one or more processors and a memory coupled to the one or more processors, wherein the processors are configured to execute instructions including aggregating consumption data for a customer, wherein the consumption data comprises information regarding usage of a consumable resource by the customer, receiving energy production data for one or more energy production sources, and determining a utilization efficiency score for each of a plurality of energy storage devices based on the consumption data and the energy production data.
• the processors can be further configured for performing steps including ranking two or more of the energy storage devices based on the utilization efficiency.
• the subject technology relates to a computer-implemented method including, receiving, via a communications network, consumption data for a customer, wherein the consumption data comprises information regarding usage of a consumable resource by the customer, and determining, using one or more processors, a utilization efficiency score for each of a plurality of energy storage devices based on the consumption data.
• the method may include steps for ranking two or more of the energy storage devices based on the utilization efficiency.
• the subject technology can relate to a non-transitory computer- readable storage medium that includes instructions stored therein, which when executed by one or more processors, causes the processors to perform operations including, receiving, via a communication network, consumption data for a customer, wherein the consumption data comprises information regarding usage of a consumable resource by the customer and determining a utilization efficiency score for each of a plurality of energy storage devices based on the consumption data.
• the processors may be further configured for ranking two or more of the energy storage devices based on the utilization efficiency.
• FIG. 1 illustrates an example of energy production and demand curves, in accordance with some intermittent power supply implementations.
• FIG. 2 illustrates an example environment that can be used to implement a data aggregator, according to some aspects of the subject technology.
• FIG. 3 conceptually illustrates an example residential environment in which a data aggregator can be used for analyzing various energy production and consumption metrics.
• FIG. 4 illustrates steps of an example method that can be implemented using a data aggregator, according to some aspects.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a conceptual block diagram of hardware components that can be used to implement a data aggregation system, according to some aspects of the technology.
• energy storage solutions can be used to address the temporal misalignment of power generation and consumption i.e., by storing energy produced at off-peak demand times for later use. Energy storage may be advantageously applied whenever energy supply exceeds demand. Conversely, when energy production falls below demand, stored energy can be discharged from a stored energy source, for example, to avoid drawing power from an electric grid.
• stand-alone batteries, flywheels, and pumped hydroelectric facilities can be used for storage of surplus energy.
• water is pumped to a high elevation (using excess electricity) and stored for later release to produce power at times when electricity is needed.
• Recent technical advancements have led to an increase in the number of available energy storage modes at customer consumption sites, as well as improvements in storage efficiency.
• customers are forced to decide between competing storage solutions, each of which may have different pros and cons, for example due to variations in cost, ease of installation, and energy efficiency, etc.
• aspects of the subject technology address the foregoing problem by providing systems and methods for determining an optimal energy storage solution for a customer service point based on an analysis of customer behavior (including energy consumption and production), customer characteristics (e.g., economic indicators, building type, etc.), and additional local data inputs (e.g., weather patterns, energy prices, net metering regime, technology costs, etc.).
• customer behavior including energy consumption and production
• customer characteristics e.g., economic indicators, building type, etc.
• additional local data inputs e.g., weather patterns, energy prices, net metering regime, technology costs, etc.
• the subject technology provides a data aggregator configured to collect energy consumption data and energy production data for a customer and determine a ranking of optimal (or available) energy storage solutions, e.g., based on the customer's resource usage behavior and/or cost/efficiency considerations for various storage media types.
• a data aggregator configured to collect energy consumption data and energy production data for a customer and determine a ranking of optimal (or available) energy storage solutions, e.g., based on the customer's resource usage behavior and/or cost/efficiency considerations for various storage media types.
• energy storage solutions e.g., batteries, building heating/cooling, water heating, ice production, etc.
• comparisons of various storage solutions or energy storage media can be performed using different types of data, such as user consumption data (e.g., for one or more consumable resources), user energy production data (e.g., from rooftop solar panels), demographic data, weather information, and/or economic or cost considerations.
• user consumption data e.g., for one or more consumable resources
• user energy production data e.g., from rooftop solar panels
• demographic data e.g., from rooftop solar panels
• weather information e.g., weather information, and/or economic or cost considerations.
• the data aggregator can be configured to use all available information to calculate a utilization efficiency score for each of a number of energy storage media/devices.
• a utilization efficiency score can represent a quantification of cost/benefit tradeoffs for a particular energy storage type.
• the utilization efficiency score may be used to compare two different energy storage methods or devices, such as hot water storage and batteries.
• the utilization efficiency score can also be based on other types of information, such as customer location, customer usage patterns, weather data, and/or cost information relating to various energy storage media or methods.
• a targeted recommendation can be provided to inform the customer of a preferred or optimal storage solution.
• the utilization efficiency score is personalized based on a particular set of data associated with a particular customer and used to provide the customer with one or more personalized recommendations for storage solutions.
• FIG. 1 illustrates an example of energy production and demand curves, in accordance with some intermittent power supply implementations.
• Intermittent power sources such as solar panels or wind turbines
• the peak power demand e.g., aggregate regional power demand
• greatest energy production e.g., net power generation from solar panels
• the "gap between peaks" illustrates a temporal difference between production and demand, indicating an amount of power loss that would occur without the benefit of an energy storage solution (or absorption into a broader electric grid).
• an energy production source or service can refer to one or more devices or systems that are configured to produce energy, such as electric power.
• an energy production source can encompass hardware and/or software necessary to produce and direct power, for example, to a storage device such as a battery.
• energy production sources can include, but are not limited to: solar arrays, wind turbine generators, tidal and/or wave power generation systems, and/or hydroelectric turbines, etc.
• energy production sources may be either on-site (e.g., proximately located near a resource consumption site, such as a business or residence), or remote, e.g., remotely coupled to a consumption site via power transmission infrastructure, such as an electric grid.
• on-site e.g., proximately located near a resource consumption site, such as a business or residence
• remote e.g., remotely coupled to a consumption site via power transmission infrastructure, such as an electric grid.
• energy storage solutions, devices, and methods can refer to hardware devices (and software) necessary to implement energy storage methods.
• energy storage solutions can encompass storage media such as batteries (e.g., lithium ion batteries).
• batteries e.g., lithium ion batteries
• other energy storage techniques are contemplated by this disclosure, and can include, for example, the heating of water (e.g., in a hot water heater), or cooling of water, for example, to produce ice.
• a usage type or "usage type information" can refer to an end-use (e.g., by a customer) for which the stored/produced energy is used.
• end-use e.g., by a customer
• aspects of the subject technology relate to a data aggregator configured to receive/aggregate a multitude of data and signals that can be used to identify an optimal energy storage solution for a particular user.
• various data/signal types are discussed in conjunction with a data aggregator; however, it is understood that the use of information and data is not limited to these examples. Any type of data may potentially be used (e.g., by a data aggregator), to make comparisons between two or more energy storage methods or solutions.
• consumption data e.g., for a customer/user
• cost data e.g., the cost of acquiring, operating and/or maintaining an energy storage device
• production data e.g., energy production for an energy generating device, method or system
• location data e.g., identifying a geographic location or region of a user/customer or consumption site
• customer demographic data e.g., economic indicators and household size
• behavioral data e.g., customer use of utility company web portals; adoption of electronic energy billing; customer ownership of an electric vehicle as suggested by consumption data patterns or enrollment in a specialized utility rate plan for EV owners; other participation in energy optimization programs managed by a utility or third party
• building constraints e.g., physical properties of structure at a consumption site such as a residential or commercial building
• building characteristics e.g., zoning distinctions, age, etc.
• resource provider information e.
• FIG. 2 illustrates an example environment 200 that can be used to implement a data aggregator (e.g. data aggregator 204), according to some aspects of the invention.
• Environment 200 includes a utility 202 (e.g., a power utility), power infrastructure 204 (e.g., a power grid) including an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) device 207, data aggregator 214, and a third-party provider 216.
• utility 202, AMI 207, data aggregator 214, and data aggregator 214 are communicatively coupled by a communication network (e.g., network 212).
• power consumption sites 206 and 208 are connected to power infrastructure 204, each of which are associated with a set of energy storage devices i.e., Storage A/Storage B, and Storage C/Storage D, respectively.
• environment 200 provides example devices and a communication topology that could be used to implement certain aspects of the subject technology, however other configurations can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
• environment 200 can include a greater (or fewer) number of customers/users (e.g., corresponding with consumption sites 206, and 208), and/or a greater/fewer number of utility resource providers (such as utility 202).
• utility 202 represents a power utility, it is understood that utility 202 can represent a provider of other resource types, such as water and/or gas.
• data aggregation system 214 and third party provider 216 are respectively depicted as separate and discrete processing systems, however each may be implemented using distributed hardware and/or software implementations, for example, employing data centers or a distributed computing architecture. Additionally, a greater or fewer number of energy storage devices may be implemented at each consumption site. Each storage device can represent a different storage medium (e.g., lithium ion batteries), or a device and method pairing (e.g., a water heater and control system).
• a different storage medium e.g., lithium ion batteries
• a device and method pairing e.g., a water heater and control system
• Environment 200 may also include other power generation systems (e.g., power production sources) in addition to utility 202, which may be coupled to power infrastructure 204, or associated with one or more consumption site 206 and/or 208.
• power generation systems e.g., power production sources
• utility 202 may be coupled to power infrastructure 204, or associated with one or more consumption site 206 and/or 208.
• a business associated with consumption site may be provided power locally using a wind turbine (not shown), whereas residential consumption site 206 may be powered, at least in part, by a solar array.
• data aggregator 214 collects various types of information and signals pertaining to energy use and power generation at each of power consumption sites 206 and 206. Such information can be received by data aggregator 214, e.g., from utility 202, third party provider 216, or directly from a consumption site, such as power consumption site 208, e.g., using AMI device 207.
• Examples of types of data that can be collected by data aggregator 214 include (1) consumption data that can include power consumption information for consumption sites 206/208; and (2) energy production data that can provide indications as to an amount of energy produced for (or at) a particular consumption site and/or an amount of power that is being produced in excess of the instantaneous power demand.
• consumption information may include indications of an amount of power used/consumed over a given time interval, such as on a month-to-month, week- by-week, or day-by-day basis.
• advanced metering devices e.g., AMI 207
• power consumption may be measured on a smaller time scale, such as on an hourly or minute-by-minute basis.
• Power production data can also be measured over various time intervals, such as on an hourly basis as discussed above with respect to FIG. 1
• Customer information including behavior information and demographic information can be collected (and provided) by a variety of sources. As illustrated with respect to environment 100, customer information can be collected by a resource provider (e.g., utility provider) 102 or a third-party information/service provider (e.g., third-party provider 116). In some aspects, customer information can be provided directly to data aggregator 214, for example, using an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) device, such as AMI 107.
• AMI advanced metering infrastructure
• location information and weather data for consumption site 206 may be provided to data aggregator 214 by a third-party provider (e.g., a weather and/or map service), whereas consumption data can be provided by utility 202, and energy production data may be provided directly by an energy generation source, such as a solar panel (not illustrated).
• Cost information pertaining to one or more energy storage medium or method can also be calculated or received by data aggregator 214, e.g., from a third-party resource, such as a cost database hosted by third party provider 216.
• consumption data for consumption site 208 may be provided directly to data aggregator 214 using AMI 207, e.g., via network 212.
• data aggregator can receive and collect information pertaining to energy use, energy production, weather conditions, and locations for each consumption site 206, 208.
• data aggregator 214 may also collect information about available storage devices at a customer's home or business, such as, Storage A/B for consumption site 206, and Storage C/D for consumption site 208.
• data aggregator can use the information (e.g., consumption data and energy production data) to calculate a utilization efficiency score for a variety of different energy storage methods and/or media.
• the utilization efficiency score can be used to quantify cost/efficiency tradeoffs for an individual customer location, with respect to a variety of different energy storage solutions.
• the computed utilization efficiency score can be used to provide individualized power storage recommendations for a particular customer, based on the customer's usage history, cost considerations, as well as other factors such as weather, consumption location and building characteristics.
• a computed utilization efficiency score may be used to provide recommendations to a customer regarding options for storage media methods that he/she may employ.
• the computed efficiency score may be used to choose between energy storage solutions that are already exist at the consumption site.
• data can be collected by data aggregator 214 for a customer associated with consumption site 208.
• Such information can include consumption data provided by AMI 207, for example, in the form of a historic representation of power consumption over time (e.g., a load curve).
• Weather, storage media cost data and/or location information can also be provided by one or more third-party services, such as that represented by third-party provider 216.
• a utilization efficiency score is calculated for all available or relevant storage media (e.g., Storage C/D) and/or storage media that may or may not be installed at the consumption site (e.g., Storage E).
• data aggregator 214 can be used to provide notifications to a customer associated with the consumption site. Further to the above example, a customer associated with consumption site 208 may be provided with a ranking of optimal energy storage method or solutions. Alternatively, notifications provided to the customer may include recommendations and cost comparisons for recommended energy storage devices, such as batteries or advanced water heating devices.
• notifications may be determined based on customer demographic data that is provided to data aggregator 214.
• customer demographic data For example, cost considerations for one or more storage medium type may be used to match storage solutions with users based on an amount of investment cost that the user is likely to be able (or willing) to absorb. That is, customer demographic information (such as salary data, location, building size, etc.), may be used to determine not only what energy storage solutions would be most efficient, but also what solution/s would be economically viable for the notification recipient.
• consumption data may be collected by aggregator 214 for a residential consumption site, such as consumption site 206.
• Energy production data for a power generation device e.g., a solar array
• data aggregator 214 can calculate a utilization efficiency score for each of a number of available energy storage options.
• the utilization efficiency score may be used to provide user recommendations for choosing or alternating use as between two or more existing storage devices, such as Storage A and Storage B.
• data aggregator 214 could be provided as a localized system configured to serve one or more consumption locations.
• data aggregator 214 could be installed at a residential consumption site (e.g., consumption site 206) and configured to provide recommendations, and rankings etc., to a customer associated with that location.
• a residential consumption site e.g., consumption site 206
• recommendations, and rankings etc. to a customer associated with that location.
• FIG. 3 conceptually illustrates an example consumption site (e.g., residential environment 300) in which a data aggregator 306 is used to analyze various energy production and consumption metrics, for example, to provide recommendations regarding how one or more energy storage options should be utilized.
• Environment 300 includes a residential consumption site 302 (i.e., a residential building) that includes power generation source 304 (e.g., a solar array), data aggregator 306, and controller 308 for selecting between storage devices (e.g., hot water storage 310, power control system 312 and/or electric vehicle 314).
• power generation source 304 e.g., a solar array
• data aggregator 306 e.g., a solar array
• controller 308 for selecting between storage devices (e.g., hot water storage 310, power control system 312 and/or electric vehicle 314).
• storage devices e.g., hot water storage 310, power control system 312 and/or electric vehicle 314.
• controller 308 can be configured to provide communications and power switching necessary to direct current from generation source 304 and/or storage sources 310, 312, 314 to power one or more electrical devices or appliances, such as devices 307A-307D.
• Various types of information can be collected by data aggregator 306 regarding consumption site 302.
• Some signals and information collected by data aggregator 306 can include power production information (e.g., for generation source 304), power consumption information (e.g., amounts and times of energy usage), power usage types, and/or information regarding the availability of energy storage media or methods at consumption site 302.
• characteristic/constraint information for consumption site 302 may also be collected by data aggregator 306, for example, via a communication network (not shown).
• energy production may exceed energy use during midday when the solar array is at its peak production and a customer associated with consumption site 302 is typically away from home (e.g., on weekdays).
• usage type information collected by data aggregator 306 it may be determined that a primary power use for an associated customer is in the form of electrical current needed to power various electrical appliances and electronic devices.
• a higher utilization efficiency score may be calculated for a battery storage device, such as storage 312, as compared to a hot water storage device (e.g., storage device 310).
• data aggregator may be used to generate a message to the customer to let him/her know that battery storage is preferable to hot water storage, for example, based on his/her typical weekday use.
• a customer associated with consumption site 302 may prefer to drive his/her electric vehicle frequently during nighttime hours. Accordingly, based on the customer's energy utilization type (e.g., power for an electric vehicle), energy storage in an electric vehicle may be determined to have a better (higher) utilization efficiency score as compared to either a stand-alone battery (e.g., second storage 312) or a hot water storage system (e.g., first storage 310).
• energy utilization type e.g., power for an electric vehicle
• energy storage in an electric vehicle may be determined to have a better (higher) utilization efficiency score as compared to either a stand-alone battery (e.g., second storage 312) or a hot water storage system (e.g., first storage 310).
• building constraints or characteristic information may be used to weight a utilization efficiency score for a particular storage medium type. For example, in instances where a consumption site has a relatively small square footage (e.g., a small business or residential location), ice generation/storage systems may be more lowly weighted, i.e., given a lower utilization efficiency score, due to space constraints at the customer location.
• thermostat driven storage methods may be less heavily weighted (or not recommended at all).
• HVAC heating-ventilating and air-conditioning
• building constraint/characteristic data indicates that a building is outfitted with a non-electric water heater (e.g., a solar thermal water heater)
• storage media that store excess electrical energy as heated water may be determined to have a lower utilization efficiency score and would therefore be less likely to be recommended over other energy storage approaches.
• storage methods that include energy storage onto an electric vehicle battery may be less heavily weighted as compared, for example, to local battery storage or water heating.
• FIG. 4 illustrates steps of an example method 400 that can be implemented using a data aggregator, similar to that discussed above with respect to FIGs. 1-3.
• Method 400 begins with step 402 in which customer consumption data is aggregated, e.g., by a data aggregation system. Aggregation of customer consumption data can be performed in different ways, depending on the desired implementation. In some approaches, consumption data may be received by the aggregations system from a remote source, such as a utility provider or a third-party data provider. In other approaches, the aggregation of customer consumption data may be performed through direct interaction between the data aggregation system and a smart metering device e.g., an AMI device, or the like.
• a smart metering device e.g., an AMI device, or the like.
• customer consumption data can include any type of data describing or quantifying the use of a consumable resource.
• consumption data can include amounts of power usage consumed over a time period, represented as load curve data. Additionally, consumption data may include information describing statistics or trends in resource consumption, such as indications of when peak usage typically occurs.
• consumable resources may include water and/or natural gas, etc.
• energy production data is received by from one or more energy production devices or services.
• Energy production data can include any type of information relating to energy production for one or more energy generation sources.
• Energy generation sources can include any device/s or method/s that generate a power resource and may include, but are not limited to: solar arrays, wind turbine generators, marine energy such as tidal and wave power (at coastal locations), other hydroelectric turbines, etc.
• step 406 a utilization efficiency score is determined for each of a plurality of energy storage devices or solutions. It is understood that while consumption and energy production data can be used in the utilization efficiency score calculation, a variety of other signals and/or data sources may be employed. By way of example, information about user location, utility provider preferences, customer preferences, weather and/or cost data for a variety of energy storage solutions may be collected and used to perform utilization efficiency score calculations.
• a computed utilization efficiency score provides a quantifiable scoring to indicate a degree of appropriateness of a particular energy storage solution for a particular customer. In this manner, different energy storage solutions and methods may be directly compared, for example, to help provide recommendations to one or more users or customers.
• step 408 two or more energy storage devices are ranked based on the utilization efficiency score.
• a storage solution with a utilization efficiency score below a predetermined threshold may not be considered for ranking.
• utilization scores are calculated for a battery (8), a water heater (6), and an ice generation method (2)
• the battery and water heater may be determined to be the first and second best solutions (i.e., with utilization scores of 8 and 6, respectively).
• a ranking threshold of 7 only the battery may be returned in the ranking.
• step 410 a notification is provided to the customer based on the utilization efficiency score for at least one of the energy storage devices. Further to the example discussed above with respect to step 405, the ranking (including only the battery), may be provided to the user as a recommended energy storage option for his/her specific type of use.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a conceptual block diagram of hardware components that can be used to implement a data aggregation system, according to some aspects of the technology.
• computing device 505 can include various types of memory, data storage, and/or non-transitory computer-readable storage media, such as a first data storage for program instructions for execution by the processor 502, a separate storage for usage history or user information, a removable memory for sharing information with other devices, etc.
• Computing device 505 can also include one or more communication components 506, such as a Wi-Fi, Bluetooth®, radio frequency, near-field communication, wired, and/or wireless communication systems, etc.
• Computing device 505 can communicate with a network (e.g., network 503), such as the Internet, and can be configured to communicate with other such devices, such as one or more smart thermostat device, demand response devices, and/or AMI metering devices.
• Computing device 505 may also include at least one input device 508 configured to receive input from a user.
• Such inputs may include, for example, one or more push button/s, touch pad/s, touch screen/s, wheel/s, joystick/s, keyboard/s, a mouse, keypad/s, or other such devices or elements enabling a user to input a command to the device.
• Computing device 505 can also include a display element 510, such as a touch-screen or liquid crystal display (LCD).
• display element 510 such as a touch-screen or liquid crystal display (LCD).
• the various aspects can be implemented in a wide variety of operating environments, which in some cases can include one or more user computers, computing devices, or processing devices which can be used to operate any of a number of applications.
• User or client devices can include any of a number of general purpose personal computers, such as desktop or laptop computers running a standard operating system, as well as cellular, wireless, and handheld devices running mobile software and capable of supporting a number of networking and messaging protocols.
• Such a system also can include a number of workstations running any of a variety of commercially-available operating systems and other known applications for purposes such as development and database management.
• These devices also can include other electronic devices, such as dummy terminals, thin-clients, gaming systems, and other devices capable of communicating via a network.
• Various aspects also can be implemented as part of at least one service or Web service, such as may be part of a service-oriented architecture.
• Services such as Web services can communicate using any appropriate type of messaging, such as by using messages in extensible markup language (XML) format and exchanged using an appropriate protocol such as SOAP (derived from the "Simple Object Access Protocol").
• SOAP derived from the "Simple Object Access Protocol”
• Processes provided or executed by such services can be written in any appropriate language, such as the Web Services Description Language (WSDL).
• WSDL Web Services Description Language
• Using a language such as WSDL allows for functionality such as the automated generation of client-side code in various SOAP frameworks.
• Most embodiments utilize at least one network that would be familiar to those skilled in the art for supporting communications using any of a variety of commercially-available protocols, such as TCP/IP, OSI, FTP, UPnP, NFS, and CIFS.
• the network can be, for example, a local area network, a wide-area network, a virtual private network, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a public switched telephone network, an infrared network, a wireless network, and any combination thereof.
• the Web server can run any of a variety of server or mid-tier applications, including HTTP servers, FTP servers, CGI servers, data servers, Java servers, and business map servers.
• the server(s) also may be capable of executing programs or scripts in response requests from user devices, such as by executing one or more Web applications that may be implemented as one or more scripts or programs written in any programming language, such as Java®, C, C# or C++, or any scripting language, such as Perl, Python, or TCL, as well as combinations thereof.
• the server(s) may also include database servers, including without limitation those commercially available from Oracle®, Microsoft®, Sybase®, and IBM®.
• the environment can include a variety of data stores and other memory devices. These can reside in a variety of locations, such as on a computer data storage medium local to (and/or resident in) one or more of the computers or remote from any or all of the computers across the network. In a particular set of embodiments, the information may reside in a storage-area network ("SAN") familiar to those skilled in the art. Similarly, any necessary files for performing the functions attributed to the computers, servers, or other network devices may be stored locally and/or remotely, as appropriate.
• SAN storage-area network
• each such device can include hardware elements that may be electrically coupled via a bus, the elements including, for example, at least one central processing unit (CPU), at least one input device (e.g., a mouse, keyboard, controller, touch screen, or keypad), and at least one output device (e.g., a display device, printer, or speaker).
• CPU central processing unit
• input device e.g., a mouse, keyboard, controller, touch screen, or keypad
• at least one output device e.g., a display device, printer, or speaker
• Such a system may also include one or more storage devices, such as disk drives, optical storage devices, and solid-state storage devices such as random access memory (“RAM”) or read-only memory (“ROM”), as well as removable media devices, memory cards, flash cards, etc.
• ROM read-only memory
• Such devices can include a computer-readable storage media reader, a communications device (e.g., a modem, a network card (wireless or wired), an infrared communication device, etc.), and working memory as described above.
• the computer-readable storage media reader can be connected with, or configured to receive, a computer-readable storage medium, representing remote, local, fixed, and/or removable storage devices as well as storage media for temporarily and/or more permanently containing, storing, transmitting, and retrieving computer-readable information.
• the system and various devices also typically will include a number of software applications, modules, services, or other elements located within at least one working memory device, including an operating system and application programs, such as a client application or Web browser.
• Storage media and computer readable media for containing code, or portions of code can include any appropriate media known or used in the art, including storage media and communication media, such as but not limited to volatile and non-volatile, removable and nonremovable media implemented in any method or technology for storage and/or transmission of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data, including RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by the a system device.
• RAM random access memory
• ROM read only memory
• EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
• flash memory electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
• CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
• DVD digital versatile disk
• magnetic cassettes magnetic tape
• magnetic disk storage magnetic disk storage devices
• the various embodiments can be implemented in a wide variety of operating environments, which in some cases can include one or more user computers, computing devices, or processing devices which can be used to operate any of a number of applications.
• User or client devices can include any of a number of general purpose personal computers, such as desktop or laptop computers running a standard operating system, as well as cellular, wireless, and handheld devices running mobile software and capable of supporting a number of networking and messaging protocols.
• Such a system also can include a number of workstations running any of a variety of commercially-available operating systems and other applications for purposes such as development and database management.
• These devices also can include other electronic devices, such as dummy terminals, thin-clients, gaming systems, and other devices capable of communicating via a network.
• Various aspects also can be implemented as part of at least one service or Web service, such as may be part of a service-oriented architecture.
• Services such as Web services can communicate using any appropriate type of messaging, such as by using messages in extensible markup language (XML) format and exchanged using an appropriate protocol such as SOAP (derived from the "Simple Object Access Protocol").
• SOAP derived from the "Simple Object Access Protocol”
• Processes provided or executed by such services can be written in any appropriate language, such as the Web Services Description Language (WSDL).
• WSDL Web Services Description Language
• Using a language such as WSDL allows for functionality such as the automated generation of client-side code in various SOAP frameworks.
• Most embodiments utilize at least one network for supporting communications using any of a variety of commercially-available protocols, such as TCP/IP, FTP, UPnP, NFS, and CIFS.
• the network can be, for example, a local area network, a wide-area network, a virtual private network, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a public switched telephone network, an infrared network, a wireless network, and any combination thereof.
• the Web server can run any of a variety of server or mid-tier applications, including HTTP servers, FTP servers, CGI servers, data servers, Java servers, and business application servers.
• the server(s) also may be capable of executing programs or scripts in response requests from user devices, such as by executing one or more Web applications that may be implemented as one or more scripts or programs written in any programming language, such as Java®, C, C# or C++, or any scripting language, such as Perl, Python, or TCL, as well as combinations thereof.
• the server(s) may also include database servers, including without limitation those commercially available from Oracle®, Microsoft®, Sybase®, and IBM®.
• the environment can include a variety of data stores and other memory and storage media as discussed above. These can reside in a variety of locations, such as on a storage medium local to (and/or resident in) one or more of the computers or remote from any or all of the computers across the network. In a particular set of embodiments, the information may reside in a storage-area network ("SAN"). Similarly, any necessary files for performing the functions attributed to the computers, servers, or other network devices may be stored locally and/or remotely, as appropriate.
• SAN storage-area network
• each such device can include hardware elements that may be electrically coupled via a bus, the elements including, for example, at least one central processing unit (CPU), at least one input device (e.g., a mouse, keyboard, controller, touch screen, or keypad), and at least one output device (e.g., a display device, printer, or speaker).
• CPU central processing unit
• input device e.g., a mouse, keyboard, controller, touch screen, or keypad
• at least one output device e.g., a display device, printer, or speaker
• Such a system may also include one or more storage devices, such as disk drives, optical storage devices, and solid-state storage devices such as random access memory (“RAM”) or read-only memory (“ROM”), as well as removable media devices, memory cards, flash cards, etc.
• ROM read-only memory
• Such devices can include a computer-readable storage media reader, a communications device (e.g., a modem, a network card (wireless or wired), an infrared communication device, etc.), and working memory as described above.
• the computer-readable storage media reader can be connected with, or configured to receive, a computer-readable storage medium, representing remote, local, fixed, and/or removable storage devices as well as storage media for temporarily and/or more permanently containing, storing, transmitting, and retrieving computer-readable information.
• the system and various devices also typically will include a number of software applications, modules, services, or other elements located within at least one working memory device, including an operating system and application programs, such as a client application or Web browser.
• Storage media and other non-transitory computer readable media for containing code, or portions of code can include any appropriate storage media used in the art, such as but not limited to volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data, including RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by the a system device.
• RAM random access memory
• ROM read only memory
• EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
• flash memory electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
• CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
• DVD digital versatile disk
• magnetic cassettes magnetic tape
• magnetic disk storage magnetic disk storage devices

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