WO2016198232A1 - Dispositif d'antenne en forme de dipôle - Google Patents

Dispositif d'antenne en forme de dipôle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016198232A1
WO2016198232A1 PCT/EP2016/060660 EP2016060660W WO2016198232A1 WO 2016198232 A1 WO2016198232 A1 WO 2016198232A1 EP 2016060660 W EP2016060660 W EP 2016060660W WO 2016198232 A1 WO2016198232 A1 WO 2016198232A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
filter
arrangement according
signal line
dipole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/060660
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
Original Assignee
Kathrein-Werke Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kathrein-Werke Kg filed Critical Kathrein-Werke Kg
Publication of WO2016198232A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016198232A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/203—Strip line filters
    • H01P1/2039—Galvanic coupling between Input/Output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/202—Coaxial filters

Definitions

  • dipole radiator 196 27 015 A have been known for example from the Vorveröffent ⁇ cations DE 197 22 742 A and DE.
  • dipole radiators may have a conventional dipole structure in the form of a simple dipole or may consist, for example, of a crossed dipole or a dipole square, etc.
  • a so-called vector dipole is known eg from the publication WO 00/39894 Vorveröf ⁇ . Its structure seems to be comparable to a dipole square. However, because of the specific design of the dipole radiator according to this prior publication and the special supply, this dipole radiator acts in a similar way to a crossed dipole, which radiates in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes. In constructive In particular, due to its outer contour design, it is rather square in shape.
  • Such dipole antenna elements are usually so- ⁇ fed, that a dipole or radiator half having an outer conductor for direct current (ie galvanically) is connected, whereas the inner conductor of a coaxial connection cable to the second dipole or radiator half direct current (that is in turn electrically) is connected.
  • the feed takes place in each case at the end regions of the dipole or radiator halves facing one another.
  • such single- or dual-polarized emitters can also have a very broadband design so that they can transmit and / or receive in different frequency ranges or frequency bands.
  • the single- or dual-polarized radiator are fed via a single-ended coaxial cable to form a balun.
  • a specific embodiment of vector dipoles which has proved to be favorable, has semicylindrical carrier sections, within which the feed lines are arranged running from a root point to the radiator halves, wherein the wall sections closed to the outside, semicylindrical or semi-cylindrical, form a quasi-coaxial line structure with the inside form laid signal lines.
  • the feeding itself to the respective opposite radiator half can be carried out galvanically or capacitively, namely in the case of singly polarized radiators, but also in the case of cross-shaped polarized radiators, such as dipole crosses, dipole squares or the mentioned vector dipoles.
  • multi-band antennas that are suitable for different frequency ranges.
  • These are generally so-called X-polarized antennas whose polarization ⁇ levels is preferably aligned in a + 45 ° or -45 ° angle against ⁇ over the horizontal as vertical.
  • Very widespread are antennas and in particular mobile radio antennas, which can be operated in different frequency bands in a lower frequency range and in an upper frequency range.
  • These antennas are also referred to as dual-band, triple-band, quad-band, pen-taband or hexaband antennas.
  • These filters are usually housed in the base station or in a so-called Remote Radio Head (RRH) near the antenna. These filters are usually designed as a duplex filter or as a bandpass filter. The technical requirements are enormous regarding insulation and outer band suppression.
  • RRH Remote Radio Head
  • decoupling such as e.g. the so-called interband decoupling between the frequency bands. As a rule, this decoupling should have at least 30 dB.
  • These decoupling will be e.g. generated in a lower and upper frequency band using high and low pass filters.
  • Such filter structures under construction of stubs have become known, for example, from WO 2010/124810 AI.
  • US 4,623,894 A describes a dipole antenna having at least two radiator halves, over which the antenna is operated in a polarization plane.
  • the Strah ⁇ lerhquen are electrically conductively connected to the carrier elements, the radiator halves and the support elements are arranged in front of a reasonable electrically conductive reflector.
  • the support element can be used inter alia as a signal line or feed line for the dipole antenna, wherein in the signal line or feed line, a filter is integrated, which is thus arranged so on the front or above the reflector tor.
  • a dipole-shaped antenna structure can also be taken from US 2009/0284431 AI as known. According to this prior publication, it is proposed to provide a matching circuit on the front side of a reflector, in particular in the region of a feed line. The object of the present invention is now to provide an improved feed structure on the basis of such a prior art.
  • the inventive solution is based on that zusharm ⁇ Liche filter in the form are provided by coaxial filter structures, wherein the filters are arranged within a external conductors ⁇ ters. These filters can be provided in particular in the form of low-pass filters, on the reflector front side, on which the radiators are also arranged. The corresponding new coaxial filter structures are therefore not on the back of the accommodated.
  • ⁇ nen filter at least such a strong filtering can be rea ⁇ linstrument that - if additional filtering devices should not be necessary - these can be implemented on the back of the reflector or outside the antenna separately, but with considerably lower construction costs and therefore lower costs.
  • the solution according to the invention proves to be particularly preferred when the corresponding filters are provided and formed directly on the radiators.
  • the filters with the corresponding filter functions are realized as a low-pass filter. They sit between the radiator feed (i.d.R. at the level of the radiator elements or halves) and the radiator base or the radiator base.
  • the filters are typically located immediately adjacent outside or in corresponding receiving spaces within the carrier carrying the radiator halves, i. the carrier halves or, for example, in the formation of vector dipoles of the four completely or predominantly separated by slots slots carrier sections.
  • the filter function can sit on one or both sides of the radiator halves or the radiator symmetry.
  • the filters can be designed in many different ways, for example as a coaxial system, also in the board base, etc.
  • the preferred solution has been the formation of the filters in the form of stubs, as is known in principle in a coaxial structure already known from WO 2010/124180 A1 are. It has also been found that the filters can be used and adapted in the context of the invention as well as impedance transformation between radiator feed and Strahlerfußddling, thereby helping to improve the VSWR, so the so-called standing wave ratio (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio).
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a einspalti ⁇ ges antenna array and depicting different, more suitable in the invention dipole radiators;
  • Figure 2 a fragmentary simplified spatial
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c Representation of a simple polarized dipole radiator, as it can be used in the invention.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b are identical to FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5e are identical to FIGS. 5a to 5e:
  • FIGS. 6a to 6d are identical to FIGS. 6a to 6d:
  • FIGS. 7a to 7d are identical to FIGS. 7a to 7d.
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b are identical to FIGS. 8a and 8b.
  • FIGS. 9a to 9d are identical to FIGS. 9a to 9d.
  • Feed lines of the associated filter structure consists of metal strip, which by punching or cutting and / or edges or bending are made;
  • FIGS. 10a to 12b are identical to FIGS. 10a to 12b.
  • FIGS. 13a to 13d are identical to FIGS. 13a to 13d:
  • vector dipole which is made entirely of a sheet metal part including associated feed lines with filter structures
  • FIGS. 14a to 15b are identical to FIGS. 14a to 15b.
  • Feeder lines with associated filter structures according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 a schematic plan view of an antenna arrangement, i. in the concrete, a single-column antenna nenarray 1 shown, which is usually mounted extending in the vertical direction.
  • This antenna array 1 comprises a reflector 3, which is shown in a vertical plan view in FIG.
  • V of the antenna array 1 are generally at equidistant intervals A radiator 5 mounted (distance A between two in the V direction be ⁇ neighboring centers of two radiators).
  • dipolförmiger cross emitters are merely illustrative of a basic construction of a corresponding antenna or cellular antenna 5b still and again lying offset a so- ⁇ -called vector radiator 5c in plan view shown, the two vertically aligned polarization- ⁇ onsebenen PI and P2.
  • An equally applicable dipole square is not shown to achieve better Small dimension, but might as well be ⁇ sets.
  • the dipole cross 5b shown in FIG. 1 as well as the vector dipole 5c would be able to transmit and / or receive in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes PI and P2, as well as in FIG. For example, in a suitably aligned dipole ⁇ square.
  • the actual radiator elements that is the dipole halves 7.1a and 7.1b at easy-polarized antenna and the radiator halves 7.1a, 7.1b and 7.2a, 7.2b at ⁇ dual polarized radiators usually run at a distance to the reflector 3 in parallel alignment with the reflector plane RE.
  • an antenna array 1 can be constructed using a very wide variety of radiators 5 a, 5 b and / or 5 c, ie using radiators of the same type or also of radiators with different radii design.
  • the structures can thus be different, whereby differently shaped radiators can be used, which radiate in different bands.
  • vector radiators 5c these can be designed very broad band of home, so that they are offset in at least two or even in several ⁇ ren send to each other lying frequency bands and / or receive.
  • FIG. 2 shows a corresponding spatial representation of the antenna array shown in FIG. 1, but only with a simplified view of a simple dipole radiator 5 a which radiates PI in only one polarization plane.
  • Such a dipole-shaped radiator usually have ei ⁇ NEN carrier 11, which in the case of a dipole radiator 2
  • Carrier halves 11.1a and 11.1b includes, extending from the reflector plane RE of the reflector 3 to the amount of mall ⁇ lich each other away from each other dipole halves 7.1a and 7.1b, namely forming a slit see this 13.1 provided in the case a dipole can also be referred to as Symmetri proceedingssschlitzes 13.1.
  • the dipole halves 7.1a and 7.1b are galvanically separated in height of the radiator via the above-mentioned slit 13.1 of each other, and thereby have adjacent zuei ⁇ Nander lying, so-called inner beam end portions 107, ie, 107.1a and 107.1b to a lying and removed to the outside -setting beam end portions 117.1a and 117.1b on the other, hereinafter referred to as externa ⁇ ßere beam end portions 117.1a, 117.1b.
  • Such a dipole or generally dipole-shaped radiator 5 can be made of a conductive metal, for example of a cast part, in particular an aluminum cast part.
  • a corresponding dipole for example a crossed dipole, can also consist of a sheet metal part or be made of a sheet metal part, which can be shaped accordingly by cutting, punching, edging and / or bending.
  • such a dipole-shaped radiator may be gebil ⁇ det also using, for example a dielectric, for example in the form of a mono- or multilayer circuit board or by using a corresponding platinum material, which at least on one side, ie the front or the back with a metallizing Layer is coated.
  • the entire top surface is metallized ⁇ accordingly.
  • the slot 13.1 extends as mentioned almost over the entire height of the dipole, or may be different from ge ⁇ shown embodiment of Figure 2 adjacent a bottom to reflector 3 underlying having two carrier halves 11.1a and 11.1b connecting connecting web 15.1, whereby the entire joint Base 17 of the carrier 11.1 and thus the base 17 of the radiator 5 is formed.
  • This connecting web 15.1 is shown as one of the possible variants in Figure 2 only by dashed lines, since the radiator halves 7.1a and 7.1b can also extend to the reflector plane RE through the slot 13 separately.
  • connection of the underside of the carrier 11.1 or the carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b with or without additional connecting web 15.1, ie generally the common or separate base 17, may preferably be realized galvanically on the conductive reflector 3. But also possible here is the formation of a capacitive connection. If an insulating intermediate layer is provided between the base 17, that is to say the underside of the base 17 (with or without the connecting web 15.1 shown in FIG. 2) and the electrically conductive reflector layer, a capacitive coupling of the respective radiator arrangement to the reflector 3 is thereby produced. In other words, an even a galvanic connection to be provided to the reflector ⁇ capacitive or if necessary here to the base 17 of the carrier. 11
  • the statements made above generally apply generally to other dual-polarized radiator types, for example the above-mentioned cross radiator 5b and, above all, also the vector dipole 5c.
  • the feed height or the feed plane SpE is usually provided, which is shown in dashed form in FIG. 2, this plane extending parallel to the reflector plane RE.
  • this feed height or feed level the feeding of the transmission signals or the received signals, which is explained in detail below, usually takes place.
  • the feed can certainly be provided in a certain range even below the height range in which the dipole or radiator halves 7.1a, 7.1b are formed.
  • the radiator height H with respect to the reflector plane RE and thus more or less the length of the slot 13.1 generally corresponds to a value of about ⁇ / 4.
  • the radiator height and / or the slit length should all ⁇ absolutely not screaming ⁇ th preferably a value of ⁇ / 10 min.
  • a limitation in the upward direction in principle does not exist, so that the antenna height could in principle be any multiple of ⁇ (especially as a radiator without Reflector has a radiation pattern).
  • ⁇ preferably represents a wavelength from the frequency band to be transmitted, preferably in a middle frequency of the band to be transmitted. If it is a broadband radiator transmitting two or more frequency bands, the value of ⁇ should preferably be a mean size of the total Frequency band range from the lowest to the highest ⁇ th value of the various frequency bands amount.
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic side view, in FIG. 3b a spatial view and in FIG. 3c a top view of a section of the dipole emitter 7.1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, namely with its two carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b and the lower connecting web 15.1, FIG. namely without the at the upper end of the carrier 11.1 running away from each other dipole or radiator halves 7.1a, 7.1b, which are merely indicated in Figure 3a.
  • Such a dipole radiator is thereby fed to the control using an unbalanced line system, for example, using a two-line power 21.1 in the form of an unbalanced co axialskos 21.1, which from the bottom or back ⁇ side of the reflector 3 via a recess or bore in the reflector 3 passed to the emitter side and then along a support half, for example, the Trä ⁇ gerhque 11.1a in the direction of the upper end of the carrier 11.1 is guided running.
  • a coaxial feed structure is created, ie using a coaxial cable.
  • the feed is carried out as described in more detail below, with the formation of a balun.
  • the upper end of the ground conductor 25.1 in case of Ko ⁇ axiallogies 125.1 in the form of an outer conductor 125.1 can capacitively and preferably electrically be connected in particular by soldering with the electrically conductive surface of the Toggle adjacent carrier half IIa, ie at ⁇ play, at a mass feed point 126.1 a.
  • connection is to be electrically example ⁇ means of soldering.
  • signal coupling takes place via the signal line here in the form of the inner conductor 27.1 at a signal feed point 128.1b at the top and inner region of the second carrier half IIb.
  • At least one filter F ie a filter arrangement or filter structure F
  • the mentioned filter F are not only on the front of the reflector, lying between the reflectors or on the reflector surface itself, but un ⁇ indirectly provided in the area of the radiator 5, namely integrated directly into the two-line feed 21.1 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the filter F as a coaxial filter system and is formed UNMIT ⁇ telbar running parallel to the adjacent, ie sawn adjacent carrier 11.1 or carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b integrated into the coaxial feed line.
  • radiator feed that is to say generally at the level of the dipole or radiator halves on the one hand and the radiator base 17, with radiator base 17 also being spoken in part instead of radiator base 17.
  • this coaxial filter comprises the continuous inner conductor, that is, the signal line 27.1, on which in the exemplary embodiment shown has a specific filter arrangement in the form of two oppositely oriented stub lines 205, in the illustrated embodiment 205a and 205b.
  • These stubs branch off at a base point 207 from the signal line 27.1 and then pass over a subsequent angle or arc section 209 in the ei ⁇ tual stub lines 205, which is preferably paral ⁇ lel to the signal line 27.1 at a small distance therefrom.
  • the length of the individual stubs may be formed differ long enough to produce the desired passage or blocking function of the filter.
  • the entire filter structure thus formed is housed within the outer conductor 125.1a, which is not shown in Figure 4a.
  • the structure and the structure of the filter basically correspond to the structure as it is known from WO 2010/124810 AI. Therefore, reference is made to the Of ⁇ fenbarungsgehalt this prior publication and in the content of this application.
  • filter structures can also be used deviating therefrom.
  • the filter structure F ( ⁇ punching part) could be formed within the hollow-cylindrical outer conductor as a metallic conductive sheet metal part.
  • the filter structure F can also be realized as a conductor track, which is formed on a board material.
  • this example is a cross-shaped dipole radiator 5b which transmits and receives in two polarization planes PI and P2 which are perpendicular to one another.
  • the other difference from the preceding embodiment in that the asymmetric two-Lei ⁇ tung system 21.1 is not by means of coaxial cable 121 reali ⁇ Siert but using Micro-Strip lines 221 (lines).
  • P2 a feed could be performed by means of a two-line system 21.1 and 21.2, under using coaxial cables 121, as was explained with reference ⁇ of the previous embodiment.
  • the two-line feed system 21.1 and 21.2 explained below for one or both polarization planes PI, P2 could also be carried out in the above explained exemplary embodiment not using coaxial cables 212 but using microstrip lines 221, such as different ones , are basically possible feeder systems insbeson ⁇ wider unbalanced feed line systems.
  • the cross-shaped radiator 5b comprises two dipoles 7.1 and 7.2 perpendicular to one another, each with two dipole or radiator halves 7.1a, 7.1b and 7.2a, 7.2 lying in the associated polarization plane PI, P2 b, where ⁇ in the polarization planes PI, P2, as in the first embodiment also, are aligned perpendicular to the reflector plane RE according to the design of the radiator.
  • the two polarization planes PI and P2 intersect at the center of the radiators such that the two diodes pole halves 7.1a, 7.1b in the first polarization plane PI and the two perpendicular thereto radiator or the dipole halves 7.2a, 7.2b in the second polarization plane P2.
  • Each of the supports 11.1 and 11.2 lying parallel to the planes of polarization PI, P2 with the associated carrier halves 11.1a and 11.1b or 11.2a, 11.2b can be made of metal or metal plates, in particular of one or more assembled sheet metal parts. It is also possible that these carriers are formed for example from Lei ⁇ terplattenmaterial, ie from a dielectric, wherein at least one and preferably both of the opposite side surfaces are coated with an electrically conductive layer, which are preferably galvanically connected to each other ⁇ .
  • the pairs of carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b and 11.2a, 11.2b which are perpendicular to each other for both polarization planes PI, P2, can be mounted and / or held on a common base 17, with which they preferably also galvanically are connected. Via a provided for example in the center of the base 17 bore 18 then the base as well as the spotlight total galvanic or capacitive, as explained, are connected to an electrically conductive reflector, whereby it is electrically connected and mechanically held accordingly.
  • the two feed systems are basically similar and comparable to the previous embodiment formed from ⁇ . In the variant according to FIGS.
  • the connection of the ground line 25, ie the ground line 25.1a or 25.2a for example via the galvanic connection of the lower end of the carrier 11, ie the respective carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b and 11.2a , 11.2b not only directly, but also for example via the base 17 with the reflector 3 and / or via a separate ground line 25 done.
  • a galvanic or capacitive connection of the ground line for example in the vicinity of the upper regions of a carrier half 11.1a, 11.1b and 11.2a, 11.2b, as described explained by Fi gures ⁇ 3a and 3b.
  • the two signal lines 27.1 and 27.2 are in this example preferably in each case as a micro-strip line (ie as a strip line) 221.1 and 221.2 formed, ie as a conductor on a corresponding dielectric 128, for example in the form of a printed circuit board material 128, which thus as a substrate or carrier , here in Spe ⁇ zifischen serves as a support plate.
  • a micro-strip line ie as a strip line
  • 221.1 and 221.2 formed, ie as a conductor on a corresponding dielectric 128, for example in the form of a printed circuit board material 128, which thus as a substrate or carrier , here in Spe ⁇ zifischen serves as a support plate.
  • the formation of the respective line system 21.1 and 21.2 in the embodiment shown in the form of a micro-strip line system 221.1 or 221.2 designed in a lateral plan view in the manner of an inverted L or approximately L-shaped, with the associated carrier or the substrate 128th can be designed with appropriate design but not must.
  • the aforementioned printed circuit board material 128 with the thereon micro-strip feed line 27.1, 27.2 in each case for each plane of polarization PI and P2 in paral ⁇ Lelex position at a small distance to the actual plate-shaped carrier 11, that is, the respective support half 11.1 and 11.2 arranged ,
  • the electrically conductive surface of the carrier 11 serves as a Mas ⁇ sefiguration for the spaced apart by the thickness of the substrate 128 to micro-strip conductor track.
  • the signal line 27.1a, 27.1b and 27.2a, 27.2b are preferably each pointing outward on the associated non-conductive surface of the carrier 11.
  • opposite rear side of the substrate 128 to form the micro-strip conductor tracks an associated ground plane, the preferred receiving under Zvi ⁇ rule circuit of a dielectric film or with interposition of an air Abstandsspal- tes from the Ground surface of the carrier halves is separated.
  • the respective plate-shaped dielectric support (Sub ⁇ strat) 128 preferably has a at the lower end of standing before ⁇ tongue 128a, wherein the formed on the plate-shaped dielectric substrate 128 provided signal line 27.1 or 27.2 into the region of the projecting tongue 128a extending is.
  • the jewei ⁇ celled signal line 27 preferably terminates in the region of this projecting tongue 128a, which vorzugt loading in the assembled state to the back of the reflector protrudes through a bore or recess in the reflector 3 of the antenna elements or the front side, so that there the corresponding end 27 'of the signal conductor 27.1 (FIG. 5c) and 27.2 can be connected to a corresponding feed network (usually by soldering).
  • a capacitive coupling between the guided via the slot 13 away portion of the micro-strip line as ⁇ by resulting for example in each case 221.1 and 221.2 for the two polarization planes.
  • this ground area can extend into the region of the tongue 128a (also there on the rear side to the end 27 'of the feed line 21) run, then also at the appropriate location below the reflector plane RE, ie on the back of the reflector or angebun to be in the region of the reflector itself, to ground ⁇ .
  • the micro-strip lines could also on the 11.1 and 11.2 of the zug tactileigen dipole or radiator half facing the zug culinaryigen support portion are ⁇ the side of the substrate 128 formed when the ⁇ particular between this micro-strip line and the corresponding ground plane the carrier 11.1, 11.2 or the dipole or radiator surface is still provided an insulating Zwi ⁇ rule layer.
  • the support 128 for the feed system is so large, ie generally dimensioned so wide that in this area, in addition to the feed line 27, the mentioned filters or filter structures F are or can be accommodated ,
  • these filter structures F are shown only schematically as enlarged line sections.
  • the specific Design of the filter structures can be formed very different.
  • the filter structures F are also useful in this he ⁇ läuterten example in each case in the parallel to the support section 11, ie, 11.1 and 11.2 extending portion of the associated radiator out ⁇ forms and / or positioned, where relatively large amount of space for accommodating the filter structures is available.
  • the feed system explained with reference to the first exemplary embodiment using an asymmetrical coaxial cable (coaxial feed structure) could however also be realized in the case of a crossed dipole, as shown by the second exemplary embodiment of the microstrip lines.
  • the solution according to the invention also opens on the basis of this example that the desired filter structures can be produced and mounted directly with the radiators in their specific adaptation.
  • filter structures structural ⁇ F are shown only by way of example. They also have a number of stubs again. However, the filter structures F can also be designed completely differently. Thus, different filter types can be used, notwithstanding the exemplary embodiments shown. However, it has proved to be advantageous to use filter structures which, as explained, preferably comprise branch lines which run parallel to the signal line, as has been explained with reference to the preceding exemplary embodiments.
  • a further execution namely a vector dipole 5, 5c, has the basic ⁇ additionally a dual-polarized antenna structure ⁇ .
  • the vector dipole may basically have a shape ⁇ as exemplary only and in principle in WO 2008/022703 Al or WO 2005/060049 Al or in one of the Vorveröf- initially described and mentioned is treated fentlichept.
  • vector dipoles also radiate and receive in two mutually perpendicular planes of polarization PI and P2, the planes of polarization perpendicular to each other running in each case through the diagonal through the vector dipole.
  • the two radiator halves provided for each of the planes of polarization are taken to be more square in plan view, or approximate to a square from the basic structure.
  • the support 11 here consists of four support quadrants 11.1a, 11.1b, 11.2a, 11.2b, which are arranged lying in plan view about the central central axis Z offset by 90 °.
  • two adjacent carrier quadrants are separated from each other via a slot 13 extending from the base upwards and thereby at least almost over the entire height of the beam.
  • the carrier quadrants are connected to one another only via their underlying base 17 and / or only at a low partial height. It is also possible that the individual Suquadranten separated from each other directly electrically or capacitively electrically connected to the electrically conductive reflector and are mechanically fixed there.
  • Each extending in the diagonal direction, so cover ⁇ equal to two mutually perpendicular Pola Risationsebenen PI, P2 are from the center Z outwardly extending, ie outwardly closed U-shaped or semi-cylindrical or partially cylindrical wall sections 43 formed, which inwardly toward the center Z towards cylinder or tubular and in plan view along the Primaach ⁇ se Z four 90 ° offset recording areas 45 arise, converge in the center toward the center in a common central space 46 or connected thereto.
  • the Feiselei ⁇ tions 27 described below with the associated filter structures F are housed.
  • the signal line then transitions into an optionally only briefly immersed free end section 27 ', which dips into the respectively nearly opposite cylindrical or semicylindrical receiving areas and there leads to the signal line being interrupted. citric is coupled to the corresponding radiator half.
  • this signal line again comprises the desired filter F.
  • the filter F can be constructed in exactly the same way as was explained in principle with reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the filter structure 4 may be formed on a substrate plate 28, wherein the signal ⁇ line 27 is carried out as a micro-strip line here, formed on one side of the substrate 28 is, for example, again with at least one or in the illustrated embodiment with two stub lines 205, which may be formed in different lengths to achieve the desired filtering effect and thereby have, for example, in the opposite direction but need not show.
  • the filter according to Figures 8a and 8b is shown only by way of example.
  • the corresponding capacitive coupling is in the sectional view of Figure 7b also again gege ⁇ ben, namely there without the underlying in Figure 7a plug.
  • the lower end portion of the signal line which leads through a corresponding hole in the reflector to a network formed on the back side 3b of the reflector 3, is preferably connected by means of soldering.
  • the free end of the signal line does not only have to be capacitively connected at the level of the radiator halves must, but also can be galvanically connected (so can be short-circuited).
  • the connecting or coupling end of the signal line shown in FIG. 5d is preferably galvanically connected by means of soldering to the upper end region of the wall section 43, which is galvanically connected to the associated radiator half.
  • the inwardly open and outwardly closed and so far partially cylindrical-shaped and thus shielded receiving spaces 45 serve as ground or outer conductor 25, 125 of the corresponding unbalanced feed structure, i. the coaxial feed structure.
  • the design of the feeder with the associated filter F is the same, except that the crossbar of the feeder line at the level of the associated radiator halves is offset in the altitude to the offset by 90 ° other cross bar of the feed line for the other plane of polarization, so that here both bars of the feeder ⁇ lines can be passed past each other without contact, so can cross over, as can be seen in particular from the spatial representation of Figure 5a.
  • the two feed lines in the form of these metal strips are provided in the intersecting central portion on the one hand with an upwardly raised and on the other hand with a downwardly spaced, contactlessly past each other past center section Ml or M2.
  • the coupling of the feed line 27 to the associated radiator half is in turn capacitive for each of the two polarization planes PI and P2, that is to say without contact.
  • the connection of the free end 27 'of the corresponding metal strip 327 (which forms the feed line 27, 127.1 or 127.2) at the respective inner end portion of the associated radiator half also be made galvanically , as shown schematically again with reference to the cross-sectional view according to FIG. 9d.
  • the free end 27 'of the feed line is soldered to the corresponding inner end portion of the radiator half, for example.
  • the supply lines are held back by electrically non-conductive spacers 66, preferably made of plastic contact ⁇ freely to the walls of the carrier, such as by way of example only with reference to figures 9b and 9c is shown.
  • the mentioned spacer 66 is embodied here in the form of a spacer basket or frame 66 ', via which both intersecting feed lines 27 can be anchored without contact in the form of the respective metal strips 327, so that not only the actual feed line 27, but also the free end portion 27 'can extend without contact to the carrier in the AufEnglishung 45, wherein the wall of the carrier also serves as outer conductor 125.1, 125.2 in this embodiment. This forms the coaxial feed structure.
  • Figure 9e shows furthermore also, for example, that the base of the carrier 11 can be held over a se parate ⁇ holder again, that can be anchored to a corresponding reflector, whereby this holder is designed for example as an insulating dielectric.
  • the galvanic connection of the carrier is then transferred to the support base 17 above, usually in one piece with the carrier comparable
  • Thematic conductive connection pins 111 which project through entspre ⁇ sponding holes in the reflector, and then preferably on the rear side 3b of the reflector to earth ⁇ be closed, so in general be grounded.
  • the signal line 27 in the form of the metal strips 327 may be formed differently.
  • the signal line thus formed into a receiving space 45 of an associated carrier half leads, wherein the free end 27 is immersed 'in the diagonally opposite receiving space 45 of an opposite support half and ⁇ play capacitively coupled there with, if not, how He ⁇ explains, with reference to Figure 9d, a galvanic connection is desired.
  • the corresponding metal strip-shaped stub lines 205 are formed, which can be connected to the metal strip at different heights, that is to say at different base points 209, can be of different lengths, etc.
  • the filters in the two terminal branches Z127a and Z127b of the signal lines 27, 127 are identical, so are at the same place, the jewei ⁇ ended foot points 207 in the same distance to the lower end of the two terminal branches Z127a and Z127b are located and from there in each case the same aligned and equally long stub lines 205 are formed.
  • FIGS. 12a and 12b With regard to the two branches Z127a and Z127b of the supply lines, a different structure is shown in FIGS. 12a and 12b.
  • the stub lines 205 while forming the desired filter structure, are not only provided at different locations, but are also designed with different lengths and numbers. As a result, a different blocking and / or transmission effect can be generated on both connecting sections of the double signal line thus formed.
  • FIG. 9 A corresponding vector dipole producible by punching and edges is shown with reference to FIG. 9, as it is known from the aforementioned utility model.
  • a radiator half is provided with a metal strip produced by punching and edges and thus positively connected, which is folded over several times and forms the illustrated feed line.
  • the course of the feed line for each of the two planes of polarization can be formed as explained in the other exemplary embodiments.
  • the feed line is arranged parallel and at a distance to a neighboring Trä ⁇ ger 11 extending from bottom to top and a parallel to the radiator halves extending horizontal bracket with an opposite coupling section 327 'provided, which is capacitively coupled to the associated radiator or dipole half.
  • the Rushba ⁇ sis is also total or via separate terminal ⁇ points or pins with the ground surface of the reflector at the, preferably each parallel to the carrier duri fenden signal line section connected and could then be formed in turn in the corresponding filter or the filter structures, for example with the stubs, as already explained in principle with reference to the other embodiments.
  • a metal strip 327 likewise formed by punching and edges, which forms the signal line 27, is shown with reference to FIGS. 14a to 15b.
  • At the respectively parallel to the support portion extending line section are also punching lines, edges and possibly 180 ° bending ( Figures 15a and 15b) pa ⁇ rallel to the signal line section extending stubs ⁇ lines 205 formed, which also again metallic are formed strip-shaped.
  • This filter structures may be formed on both the extending upwardly from the base signal line portion as compared to the second ⁇ opposite, capacitively coupled signal line portion.
  • the Stichleitun ⁇ gene to provide the desired filtering effect to erzeu ⁇ gene may also be formed at different locations in different orientations and different length.
  • Fil ⁇ ter Vietnamese can be generated by different configuration, arrangement and / or dimensions, for example, using bar lines, and this in a particularly simple and space-saving manner.
  • the filter structures are arranged on the one hand on the radiator side of the reflector, ie on the front ⁇ side 3a of the reflector on which the radiators are posi- tioned.
  • the above-Fil ⁇ F terpatenteden preferably arranged directly in the area itself or in the vicinity of the radiator, ie, especially directly adjacent to the associated carrying device of the radiator or radiator structures, and in particular of the dipole-shaped radiator structures shown.
  • the exemplary embodiments shown also show that the filters are each arranged between the radiator feed-in , that is to say usually at the level of the dipole or radiator halves on the one hand and the radiator base or the radiator base point.
  • the fil ⁇ ter Vietnamese is integrated into the signal line. Thereby The filters can be arranged and stored highly space efficient, on the reflector front 3a.
  • the associated support structure for single- or dual-polarized radiators is constructed such that the associated carrier halves 11.1a, 11.1b and / or 11.2a, 11.2b are configured in a hollow cylindrical fashion, then this hollow or partially cylindrical support structure can be used as an outer conductor and / or shielding for the internal conductor or signal conductor laid therein to form a coaxial feed structure for feeding the dipole radiators.
  • this hollow or partially cylindrical support structure can be used as an outer conductor and / or shielding for the internal conductor or signal conductor laid therein to form a coaxial feed structure for feeding the dipole radiators.
  • a symmetrical or asymmetrical microstrip line and / or a coaxial line for the feed as explained.
  • Show all embodiments described as Mo ⁇ bilfunk spotlights can be equipped with an integrated filter.
  • the radiators can this case be configured for example as a dipole antenna, crossed dipoles, dipole squares or Vek ⁇ tordipole or in any other way.
  • the filters may be designed so that the filter function is preferably implemented as a low pass.
  • the filters themselves and the filter functions can only sit on one or both sides of the radiator support, in particular the radiator symmetry.
  • the filters can, as described and shown, be designed, for example, in the form of stubs, but also as a coaxial system or on a platform. nenbasis. Completely different filter designs and filter structures are also possible. There are no restrictions in this respect.
  • the basis of all embodiments explained ⁇ be signed filters can be used in addition to the impedance transformation between the radiator and the feed Strahlerfußddling and adapted. Inso far ⁇ the filter structures can generally also so-called adjustments Anpasstransformationen or even the aforementioned impedance transformations include. This makes it possible ver ⁇ mend also the VSWR ratio of the radiator, so the so-called standing wave ratio Zvi ⁇ rule pros and returning wave.
  • the invention and some embodiments of the He ⁇ invention have been explained so far for a dipole-shaped Strahleranord ⁇ voltage, for example, includes one or more emitters with the associated filters which are arranged in a single column or intended antenna installed.
  • the invention can also be implemented in two- or multi-column antennas, that is to say in the case of a radiator arrangement comprising, for example, two antenna columns or even more adjacent antenna columns, in each of which at least one or more radiators with the associated explained filters are provided.
  • the same radiator can be arranged, as well as radiators, of which at least some structurally differ from each other.
  • These emitters can be operated, for example, in the same frequency band, in a dual-band or in a multi-band.
  • Such an arrangement, for example, with two transformants ⁇ nenspalten is also within the scope of the invention, for example when the provided in an antenna column radiator is operated for example as a low-band antenna element arrangement, whereas the one or more vorgese ⁇ Henen in the second antenna column radiators in the sense of a high-band radiator arrangement, ie transmission and / or reception.
  • These at least two antenna columns thus become so operated differently and are preferably arranged side by side.
  • this principle can also be further developed for antenna arrangements or antenna arrays which have more than two antenna columns, wherein the radiators arranged in the individual antenna columns can be operated in different bands, ie different frequency ranges.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'antenne amélioré en forme de dipôle caractérisé en ce que : - le dispositif d'antenne en forme de dipôle comprend au moins une antenne (5a, 5b, 5c) composée d'au moins deux parties d'antenne (7.1a, 7.1b ; 7.2a, 7.2b), moyennant quoi le dispositif d'antenne en forme de dipôle est au moins commandé dans un plan de polarisation (P1, P2), - les au moins deux parties d'antenne (7.1a, 7.1b ; 7.2a, 7.2b) sont disposées ou maintenues sur un support (11 ; 11.1a, 11.1b ; 11.2a, 11.2b) devant un réflecteur (3) électroconducteur, une base ou un pied (17) du support (11 ; 11.1, 11.2) est disposé et/ou maintenu directement ou indirectement sur le réflecteur (3), - le ou les antennes (5a, 5b, 5c) sont alimentées par le biais d'au moins une ligne de signaux (27.1, 27.2).
PCT/EP2016/060660 2015-06-11 2016-05-12 Dispositif d'antenne en forme de dipôle WO2016198232A1 (fr)

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DE102015007503.9A DE102015007503A1 (de) 2015-06-11 2015-06-11 Dipolförmige Strahleranordnung

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CN107112631A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-08-29 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 辐射集成天线单元及多阵列天线
CN108493602A (zh) * 2018-05-22 2018-09-04 华南理工大学 一种双极化双工天线及其构成的双频基站天线阵列
CN108879115A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-23 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 集成滤波器的基站辐射单元及天线
CN113725598A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-30 嘉兴美泰通讯技术有限公司 一种具有滤波特性的宽带高增益双极化基站天线

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WO2023155971A1 (fr) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Système d'antenne à filtre passe-bas
WO2023155970A1 (fr) * 2022-02-15 2023-08-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne alimentée en extrémité

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CN107112631A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-08-29 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 辐射集成天线单元及多阵列天线
CN108493602A (zh) * 2018-05-22 2018-09-04 华南理工大学 一种双极化双工天线及其构成的双频基站天线阵列
CN108493602B (zh) * 2018-05-22 2023-06-20 华南理工大学 一种双极化双工天线及其构成的双频基站天线阵列
CN108879115A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-23 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 集成滤波器的基站辐射单元及天线
CN113725598A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-11-30 嘉兴美泰通讯技术有限公司 一种具有滤波特性的宽带高增益双极化基站天线
CN113725598B (zh) * 2021-09-06 2023-11-17 嘉兴美泰通讯技术有限公司 一种具有滤波特性的宽带高增益双极化基站天线

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