WO2016197909A1 - Engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique et son procédé d'usinage - Google Patents

Engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique et son procédé d'usinage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197909A1
WO2016197909A1 PCT/CN2016/085111 CN2016085111W WO2016197909A1 WO 2016197909 A1 WO2016197909 A1 WO 2016197909A1 CN 2016085111 W CN2016085111 W CN 2016085111W WO 2016197909 A1 WO2016197909 A1 WO 2016197909A1
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Prior art keywords
involute
segment
gear
involute gear
symmetric
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PCT/CN2016/085111
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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颜力
吴全衡
刘忠伟
文超
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中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
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Publication of WO2016197909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016197909A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/0806—Involute profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/003—Making screw-threads or gears

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of involute gears, and relates to a non-completely symmetric involute gear and a processing method thereof, and a milling cutter for machining the incompletely symmetric involute gear.
  • Gear transmission systems are commonly used for gears that mesh with two gears at the same time, such as intermediate idlers or planetary gears. Since their teeth are subjected to biaxial bending loads, the roots of the gears are most prone to bending and breaking, for example in GB/T 3480. -1997 "Involute Cylindrical Gear Load Capacity Calculation Method" P56 stipulates: For gears that are symmetrically bi-directionally curved (such as intermediate wheels or planetary gears), the bending fatigue limit of the gear should be multiplied by a factor of 0.7 when designing. The bending fatigue limit that such gears can withstand.
  • the left and right tooth surfaces of the intermediate idler gear or the planetary gear are respectively meshed with two different gears. Therefore, the bending strengths of the left and right tooth surfaces of the intermediate idler gear or the planetary gear are respectively different, and the tooth surface involute is required for meshing. The starting point is also different.
  • the traditional involute gear does not consider the difference between the starting point of the involute of the left and right tooth surfaces.
  • the designed tooth profile is completely symmetrical for the left and right tooth faces and the tooth root. See GB/T 1356-2001 "General Machinery and The standard basic rack tooth profile of cylindrical gears for heavy machinery, which reveals that the involute gear has a completely symmetrical tooth profile, therefore, in order to ensure that the starting points of the left and right flank involutes are the same and have sufficient involute length to participate Engagement makes the curvature radius of the left and right tooth root curve small, which further reduces the root bending strength of the intermediate idler or planetary gear.
  • a non-fully symmetric involute gear (200, 400), the tooth profile of the face tooth groove comprising an involute segment AB and an arc of the first side tooth profile (210, 410) The segment BC and the involute segment FE and the arc segment DE of the second side tooth profile (230, 430), wherein the point B is the first side of the face tooth groove of the asymmetric involute gear (200, 400)
  • the involute starting point of the tooth profile (210, 410) and its involute starting point diameter is r b
  • the point E being the second side tooth of the face tooth slot of the asymmetric involute gear (200, 400)
  • the involute starting point of the profile (230, 430) and its involute starting point diameter is r e ;
  • the involute starting point diameter r b is not equal to the involute starting point diameter r e such that the involute segment AB and the involute segment FE are not completely symmetrical with respect to the axis (III), wherein An axis III is an angle bisector of a central angle corresponding to a face groove width of the incompletely symmetric involute gear (200, 400);
  • the arc curvature radius r 1 of the arc segment BC is not equal to the arc curvature radius r 2 of the arc segment DE.
  • the involute segment AB, the arc segment BC, the arc segment DE and the involute segment EF are used as the cutting tooth shape of the forming milling cutter, and the tooth milling is formed by using the milling cutter to divide the tooth to be machined by the indexing.
  • the incompletely symmetric involute gear (200, 400) is thus produced.
  • a third aspect of the present invention there is still further a method of processing the above-described incompletely symmetric involute gear (200, 400), wherein the teeth of the face groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear (200, 400) are The involute segment AB, the arc segment BC, the arc segment DE and the involute segment EF of the profile are used as the cutting path of the wire cutting, and the indexing of the workpiece to be machined by the indexing line forms a tooth groove, thereby producing the incomplete symmetry Open gear (200,400).
  • a milling cutter characterized in that the involute section AB, the arc segment BC, and the circle of the tooth profile of the face tooth groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear described above are provided.
  • the arc segment DE and the involute segment EF serve as the cutting tooth profile of the milling cutter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a tooth profile of a face of a non-completely symmetric involute gear engaged with a first involute gear and a second involute gear, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the shape of two teeth of a non-completely symmetric involute gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a tooth profile of a face tooth groove of a non-completely symmetric involute gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a tooth profile of a face tooth groove of a non-completely symmetric involute gear according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • incompletely symmetric means that one of the two objects is symmetrically disposed about a portion of the other object, and another portion of the other component is asymmetrically disposed about another portion of the other object.
  • the tooth profile of the face tooth groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 includes an involute segment AB, a circular arc segment BC and a straight segment CD, a circular arc segment DE, and an involute segment EF.
  • the involute segment AB and the arc segment BC can be used to form the left tooth profile 210/410
  • the arc segment DE and the involute segment EF can be used to form the right tooth profile 230/430.
  • the straight line segment CD is tangent to the arc segment BC and the arc segment DE, respectively, to points C and D.
  • the involute segment AB and the involute segment EF are not completely symmetrical with respect to the axis III, wherein the axis III is the face cogging width M of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400.
  • point A and point F are the tooth vertices of the left and right tooth faces of the face groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400, respectively;
  • point B is the incompletely symmetric involute
  • the involute starting point of the left side tooth profile 210/410 of the face tooth groove of the gear 200/400, r b is the gradual change of the left side tooth profile 210/410 of the face tooth groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400
  • the point E is the involute starting point of the right side tooth profile 230/430 of the face tooth groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400, and
  • r e is the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/
  • the straight line segment CD is perpendicular to the axis III and is tangent to the root circle
  • the arc segment BC is tangent to the straight line segment CD and the straight line I
  • the arc segment DE is simultaneously tangent to the straight line segment CD and the straight line II
  • the straight line I is a tangent that passes through point B and is tangent to the involute segment AB
  • the straight line II is a tangent that passes through the point E and is tangent to the involute segment EF.
  • the y-axis is established along the axis III, and the x-axis is established with a line perpendicular to the y-axis and tangential to the root circle.
  • the coordinates of the defined point B are (-x b , y b )
  • the coordinates of the defined point E are (x e , y e )
  • the radius of curvature of the arc of the arc segment BC is r 1
  • the circle of the arc segment DE The radius of curvature of the arc is r 2 and r 1 ⁇ r 2 .
  • r 2 > r 1 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, r 2 < r 1 .
  • the radius of the arc of curvature of the arc segment BC relationship arc radius r 1 of curvature of the arc segment DE and r 2 is:
  • the involute segment AB of the left tooth profile 210 is longer than the involute segment EF of the right tooth profile 230, and the involute segment AB is composed of the involute segment AE' and the involute segment E'B, and the involute segment AE' It is completely symmetrical with respect to the involute segment EF with respect to the axis III, wherein the point E' is the boundary point of the circumference of the involute segment AB corresponding to the diameter r e .
  • the radius of curvature of the arc of the arc segment BC r 1 and the arc is:
  • the involute segment AB of the left tooth profile 410 is shorter than the involute segment EF of the right tooth profile 430, and the involute segment EF is composed of the involute segment EB' and the involute segment B'F, and the involute segment B' F and the involute segment AB are completely symmetrical about the axis III, wherein the point B' is the boundary point of the circumference of the involute segment EF corresponding to the diameter r b .
  • the involute segment AB of the left side tooth profile 210 of the face groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 is a non-completely symmetric involute gear.
  • the involute section of the 200/400 end face tooth shape meshing with the end face tooth profile of the first involute gear 100, the involute section EF of the right side tooth profile of the face groove of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200 is incomplete
  • the involute starting point of the left and right tooth surfaces and the curvature radius of the left and right tooth root arcs are different, so the left and right teeth of the entire tooth of the incompletely symmetric involute gear
  • the starting point of the involute and the radius of curvature of the left and right root arcs are different.
  • the designer can design different curvature curves of the left and right root curves according to the position of the starting point of the involute of the left and right tooth surfaces, so that the left and right sides of the tooth obtain different roots.
  • the bending strength ensures that the gear of the present invention can better adapt to the effect of the biaxial bending load, thereby improving the reliability of the gear.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to intermediate idlers or planet gears in which the teeth are subjected to a bi-directional bending load.
  • ⁇ 1 represents the central angle of the groove width on the circumference corresponding to the diameter r b , which is calculated by the following formulas (1-3) to (1-7):
  • m and ⁇ respectively represent the end face modulus and the end face pressure angle of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400
  • a 1 represents the first involute gear 100 of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 meshing therewith
  • the center distance, r a1 represents the tip circle diameter of the first involute gear 100
  • z 1 represents the number of teeth of the first involute gear 100.
  • r e is the involute starting point diameter of the right side tooth profile 230/430 of the face tooth groove of the asymmetric involute gear 200/400
  • r f is the root circle of the asymmetric involute gear 200/400
  • ⁇ 2 represents the central angle of the groove width on the circumference corresponding to the diameter r e , which is calculated by the following formulas (2-3) to (2-7):
  • m and ⁇ respectively represent the end face modulus and the end face pressure angle of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400
  • a 2 represents the second involute gear 300 of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 meshing therewith.
  • the center distance, r a2 represents the tip circle diameter of the second involute gear 300
  • z 2 represents the number of teeth of the second involute gear 300.
  • r 1 represents the radius of curvature of the arc segment BC, which is calculated by the following formula and equation:
  • ⁇ 1 represents the central angle of the tooth groove width on the circumference corresponding to the diameter r b , which can be calculated by the above formula (1-3), and x b and y b respectively represent the x coordinate and the y coordinate of the point B, It can be calculated by the above formula (1-1), ⁇ b is calculated by the above formula (1-4), and s 1 is the maximum value of the solution of equation (3-3).
  • r 2 represents the radius of curvature of the arc segment DE, which is calculated by the following formula and equation:
  • ⁇ 2 represents the central angle of the cogging width on the circumference corresponding to the diameter r e , which can be calculated by the above formula (2-3), and x e and y e respectively represent the x coordinate and y of the E point.
  • the coordinates can be calculated by the above formula (2-1), ⁇ e is calculated by the above formula (2-4), and s 2 is the minimum value of the solution of equation (4-3).
  • m and ⁇ respectively represent the end face modulus and the end face pressure angle of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400; z, z 1 , and z 2 are respectively represented as the incomplete symmetry.
  • the top circle diameter; a 1 , a 2 respectively represent the center distance of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 and the first involute gear 100 and the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 and the second involute
  • the center distance of the line gear 300; r b , r e , r f respectively represent the starting point radius of the left flank involute of the face tooth profile of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400, and the face tooth
  • the present invention also provides a method of processing a non-completely symmetric involute gear as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the involute segment AB, the arc segment BC, the straight segment CD, the arc segment DE, and the involute segment EF of the face tooth profile of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 are used as forming milling
  • the cutting tooth profile of the tooth cutter is formed by pitching the tooth to be machined to form a tooth groove, and a non-completely symmetric involute gear 200/400 is obtained. This processing method is highly efficient and is very suitable for mass production.
  • the involute segment AB, the arc segment BC, the straight segment CD, the arc segment DE, and the involute segment EF of the face tooth tooth profile of the incompletely symmetric involute gear 200/400 are taken as a line
  • the cutting path of the cutting, the indexing of the workpiece to be machined to form a tooth groove, and a non-completely symmetric involute gear 200/400 is obtained.
  • special tools are not required, but the efficiency is low, suitable for single or small batch production. This eliminates the need for special tools, but is relatively inefficient and suitable for single or small batch production.
  • a coordinate system is established, with the axis of symmetry of the cogging being the y-axis, and the line perpendicular to the y-axis and tangential to the root circle being the x-axis.
  • the coordinates of the point B (-x b , y b ), the coordinates of the point E (x e , y e ), and the curve equation of the arc segment BC and the arc segment DE are determined as follows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique, son procédé d'usinage et son outil d'usinage. Un profil de denture d'un espace de face d'extrémité de dent de l'engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique comprend un segment de développante (AB) et un segment d'arc (BC) d'un profil de dent de premier côté, ainsi qu'un segment de développante (FE) et un segment d'arc (DE) d'un profil de dent de second côté, un point B étant le point de départ du segment de développante du profil de dent de premier côté de l'espace de face d'extrémité de dent de l'engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique et le diamètre du segment de développante au niveau du point de départ étant (rb), un point E étant le point de départ du segment de développante du profil de dent de second côté de l'espace de face d'extrémité de dent de l'engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique et le diamètre du segment de développante au niveau du point de départ étant (re), et rb ≠ re, de sorte que le segment de développante (AB) et le segment de développante (FE) sont non entièrement symétriques autour d'un axe (III), et des intensités de courbure de racine de dent différentes peuvent être obtenues aux deux côtés des dents de l'engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique.
PCT/CN2016/085111 2015-06-08 2016-06-07 Engrenage en développante non entièrement symétrique et son procédé d'usinage WO2016197909A1 (fr)

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CN201510309979.5 2015-06-08
CN201510309979.5A CN104896061B (zh) 2015-06-08 2015-06-08 非完全对称渐开线齿轮及其加工方法

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN110259682A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-09-20 中国石油大学(华东) 一种偏心渐开线罗茨转子及其设计方法
CN112579965A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-30 武汉理工大学 一种渐开线式圆柱直齿轮转动惯量的计算方法
CN112729206A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-30 汉江工具有限责任公司 非渐开线车齿刀齿形检测方法
CN113536472A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-10-22 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 一种基于齿廓法线法计算齿轮渐开线起始点的方法
US20220065341A1 (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-03 Jatco Ltd Gear mechanism and method for manufacturing gear mechanism

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CN104896061B (zh) * 2015-06-08 2017-05-24 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 非完全对称渐开线齿轮及其加工方法
CN106041223B (zh) * 2016-06-08 2018-01-19 南京工大数控科技有限公司 一种齿轮加工单齿分度工艺
CN106624228A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-10 合肥工业大学 一种微线段齿轮的线切割加工方法
CN110645319B (zh) * 2019-09-24 2023-01-24 武汉理工大学 一种多齿廓啮合圆柱齿轮传动
CN112059082B (zh) * 2020-09-11 2022-08-09 汉德车桥(株洲)齿轮有限公司 渐开线花键键齿修形设计方法和加工方法及其齿轮产品

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110259682A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-09-20 中国石油大学(华东) 一种偏心渐开线罗茨转子及其设计方法
CN110259682B (zh) * 2019-07-24 2023-09-29 中国石油大学(华东) 一种偏心渐开线罗茨转子及其设计方法
US20220065341A1 (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-03 Jatco Ltd Gear mechanism and method for manufacturing gear mechanism
CN112579965A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-30 武汉理工大学 一种渐开线式圆柱直齿轮转动惯量的计算方法
CN112579965B (zh) * 2020-12-04 2024-01-30 武汉理工大学 一种渐开线式圆柱直齿轮转动惯量的计算方法
CN112729206A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-30 汉江工具有限责任公司 非渐开线车齿刀齿形检测方法
CN113536472A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-10-22 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 一种基于齿廓法线法计算齿轮渐开线起始点的方法
CN113536472B (zh) * 2021-05-31 2023-07-21 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 一种基于齿廓法线法计算齿轮渐开线起始点的方法

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