WO2016191978A1 - 资金借贷交易方法和系统 - Google Patents

资金借贷交易方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016191978A1
WO2016191978A1 PCT/CN2015/080395 CN2015080395W WO2016191978A1 WO 2016191978 A1 WO2016191978 A1 WO 2016191978A1 CN 2015080395 W CN2015080395 W CN 2015080395W WO 2016191978 A1 WO2016191978 A1 WO 2016191978A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
repayment
management server
participant
fund management
fund
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/080395
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张毅
Original Assignee
深圳市银信网银科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市银信网银科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市银信网银科技有限公司
Priority to CA2987467A priority Critical patent/CA2987467A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/080395 priority patent/WO2016191978A1/zh
Publication of WO2016191978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016191978A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/02—Banking, e.g. interest calculation or account maintenance

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of financial technology, and in particular, to a method and system for fund lending transactions.
  • Traditional lending generally refers to a way of lending money to a debtor and collecting fixed income, mainly including bank lending and private lending.
  • the borrower initiates the settlement demand.
  • the lender intends to lend the loan to the borrower.
  • the two parties reach a loan transaction through oral or written agreement. If the borrower repays the loan within the agreed time limit, the lender receives the loan principal and interest, if the borrower does not press
  • the repayment period is agreed upon, and the period of recovery is unlimited.
  • the advantage of traditional lending methods is that there are fixed incomes.
  • the repayment period is extended indefinitely, or it is not uncommon for direct lenders to recover their loans, resulting in higher default risk.
  • the loan funds are not guaranteed.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a loan transaction method and system to reduce the risk of loan funds.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • a method of fund lending transactions includes the following steps:
  • the second participation direction sends a request for the second bank management server to send the bank letter certificate
  • the second fund management server sets up the bank letter with the second participant account fund or the credit line as the deposit, and sends the bank letter to the first fund management server where the first party is located; [0011] The first fund management server issues a corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the silver credit card; [0012] if the first fund management server receives the repayment of the first participant, the second fund management server Sending a repayment notice, the second fund management server unfreezes the corresponding frozen funds of the bank letter according to the repayment amount; [0013] if the first fund management server does not receive the remaining repayment after exceeding the preset dunning period, then The second fund management server sends a default notice, and the second fund management server allocates the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter to the first fund management account.
  • a fund lending transaction method for use in a fund management server, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the silver credit certificate is an electronic commitment payment voucher applied by the second participant to the fund management server and held by the fund management server with the account fund or the credit line as the margin.
  • a fund lending transaction system comprising the following modules: a certificate request module located at a second terminal, a certificate processing module located at a second money management server, and a second a loan processing module and a second default processing module, and a loan processing module, a first loan processing module and a first default processing module located at the first money management server, wherein:
  • the certificate requesting module is configured to send a request for sending a silver letter to the second fund management server
  • the certificate processing module is configured to set up the second fund management server to hold the bank letter with the second participant account fund or the credit line as the security deposit, and send the bank letter to the first fund where the first party is located Management server;
  • the loan processing module is configured to issue a loan amount corresponding to the first participant according to the silver credit card; [0023] the first loan processing module is configured to receive the repayment of the first participant, to the first The second fund management server sends a repayment notice;
  • the second collection and payment processing module is configured to unfreeze the frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit according to the repayment amount
  • the first default processing module is configured to not receive the remaining repayment after exceeding the preset dunning period, to The second fund management server sends a default notice;
  • the second default processing module is configured to allocate the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit card to the first fund management account if the remaining payment is not received after the preset dunning period is exceeded.
  • a fund lending transaction system for use in a money management server, the system comprising the following modules:
  • the lending processing module is configured to, after receiving the silver credit card established by the fund management server via the second party application, issue the corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the bank credit certificate;
  • a repayment processing module configured to: if the repayment of the first participant is received, the frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit card are thawed according to the repayment amount;
  • the default processing module is configured to allocate the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit to the fund management account if the remaining repayment is not received after the preset dunning period is exceeded;
  • the silver credit certificate is an electronic commitment payment certificate applied by the second party to the third fund management server and held by the third fund management server by using the account fund or the credit line as the deposit.
  • the method and system provided by the present invention make the fund management institution become the de facto lender by pulling the fund management institution into the lending transaction process, and the data processing is safer and faster.
  • the risk of default can be reduced, and the acquisition of interest on the deposit of the second party is not affected, and the interests of the second party are maintained.
  • the fund management institution repays the loan according to the frozen funds of the bank letter, which can guarantee the security of the loan fund.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for lending transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method for lending transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of still another method for lending transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of still another method for lending transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of still another method for lending transactions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of another loan transaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of another loan transaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of another loan transaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first party is the borrower.
  • the second participant refers to the individual or organization that intends to initiate the loan intention to the first participant, but plays a guarantee role in the actual loan transaction.
  • a money management institution is a financial institution that can support capital flows and transactions, and acts as a lender in lending transactions.
  • the silver letter certificate is an electronic commitment payment certificate that the second party applies to the fund management server and is established by the fund management server with its account fund or credit line as the security deposit.
  • the bank credit certificate is an electronic credit certificate that the fund management institution promises to handle the settlement and payment in accordance with the payment conditions. .
  • the bank letter can be purchased not only with goods but also for mortgage guarantees.
  • a money management agency is one that supports financial flows, including but not limited to banks and other financial institutions (such as securities institutions).
  • the fund management server includes a bank server or other financial institution server; the fund management account includes a bank loan account or other financial institution loan account; and the fund management credit system includes the People's Bank credit information system or other financial institution credit information system.
  • a method for financing a loan loan includes the following steps:
  • the second participation direction sends a request for the banknote certificate to the second fund management server.
  • the second participant is a person who has the intention of lending funds, and after the online or e-commerce platform responds to the first participant's loan demand agreement, the account capital or the credit line is used as the credit.
  • the guarantee applies to the fund management agency for the establishment of the electronic commitment payment certificate.
  • the e-commerce platform can be an e-commerce platform for a loan bank or a third-party e-commerce platform with a business partnership.
  • the second fund management server uses the second participant account fund or credit line as a deposit to establish a bank certificate, and sends the bank certificate to the first fund management server where the first participant is located.
  • the second fund management server uses the second participant account fund or the credit line as the guarantee money
  • the same party freezes the account funds or credit line of the second party in the second fund management agency. Although the bank letter issued by the second party was frozen, the funds were still in the second party account, but the funds were in an unusable state, but it did not affect the interest collection of the second party during the freezing period.
  • the balance of the second participant's account fund is 300,000, and 200,000 silver letters are issued to the fund management server and frozen, but the fund management server still calculates the deposit interest according to the balance of 300,000 yuan, or the fund management server.
  • the interest of the second party's deposit is calculated based on the balance of 100,000 yuan, and the interest on the fund deposit during the freezing of the bank letter is calculated separately.
  • the first fund management server issues a corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the silver credit certificate.
  • the first participant issues a loan according to the loan term attached to the bank letter, the agreed loan interest, and the like, wherein the amount of the loan fund is equal to the amount of funds frozen in the bank letter.
  • the second fund management server unfreezes the partially frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter. At the same time, part of the thawed funds and corresponding deposit interest are automatically made available in the second participant's account, while the remaining funds of the unfrozen silver letter remain frozen.
  • the fund management server receives the repayment of the first participant account within a predetermined repayment term, and the repayment amount includes full repayment or partial repayment, if the fund management server receives the first participant account and sends the remittance
  • the full amount of the principal and all the loan interest, the first party is considered to be fully repaid, and then all the bank credit funds are thawed, and the second party is allocated the deposit interest during the freezing of the bank letter. It may include a partially agreed loan interest distribution. If the bank only receives partial repayment within the predetermined repayment period, part of the repayment refers to receiving part of the principal and all loan interest.
  • This step includes the following situations: This step includes the following situations: After receiving the full repayment of the first participant within the preset repayment period, the device will unfreeze all the frozen funds corresponding to the silver letter. After receiving the partial repayment of the first party within the preset repayment period, the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter are released according to the repayment amount. When the remaining repayments of the first participant within the preset repayment period are received, the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit certificate are thawed. When receiving the full repayment of the first party within the preset dunning period, all the frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter are released. When received the first A part of the repayment of the participant within the preset dunning period, and the partial freezing of the funds corresponding to the silver letter is released. When the remaining repayment of the first participant within the preset dunning period is received, the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit certificate are thawed. .
  • the Bessie second fund management server sends a default notice, and the second fund management server allocates the remaining freeze corresponding to the bank letter certificate. Funds to the first fund management account.
  • the first fund management server After the first fund management server does not receive the remaining payment after exceeding the preset dunning period, it is determined that the first party defaults, and then the first fund management server sends a notification to the second fund management server to allocate The remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver letter certificate are transferred to the first fund management account, thereby ensuring the security of the loan funds.
  • the first money management server and the second money management server are different servers, such as different bank servers, or different funds management servers of peers across regions.
  • the first fund management server and the second fund management server are the same fund management server.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present invention makes the money management institution become the de facto lender by pulling the fund management institution into the lending transaction process, and the data processing is safer and faster.
  • the risk of default can be reduced, and the acquisition of interest on the deposit of the second party is not affected, and the interests of the second party are maintained.
  • the fund management institution repays the loan according to the frozen funds of the bank letter, which can guarantee the security of the loan funds.
  • a method for financing a loan loan includes the following steps:
  • the second participation direction sends a request for the ⁇ to the second fund management server.
  • the second fund management server sets up the bank letter with the second participant account fund or the credit line as the deposit, and sends the bank certificate to the first fund management server where the first party is located.
  • the first fund management server issues a corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the bank letter certificate.
  • S204 Determine whether the remaining repayment is received within the preset repayment term. If yes, go to step S205, otherwise go to step S207. [0064] S205. The first fund management server sends the remaining repayment notice to the second fund management server.
  • the second fund management server unfreezes the frozen amount corresponding to the silver credit, and allocates the loan interest and the deposit interest in the second party and the first fund account.
  • step S207 The first money management server consults the first participant whether or not it is willing to pay in installments. If yes, step S208 is performed, otherwise step S209 is performed.
  • step S210 Whether the remaining repayment of the first party is received within the preset dunning period, and if yes, step S211 is performed, otherwise step S213 is performed.
  • the second fund management server After receiving the notification of the first fund management service, the second fund management server unfreezes the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter.
  • S212 Allocate loan interest, deposit interest, and late payment fee in the second participant account and the second fund management server account according to a preset rule.
  • the second fund management server allocates the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the banknote to the first fund management server account.
  • the first fund management server synchronizes the default record of the first participant to the fund management credit information system.
  • the first participant by synchronizing the default record of the first party to the bank credit information system, the first participant can be credited with the credit blacklist, so that the first party can not use the credit line.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention increases the installment repayment method through the way, and allows the first participant to repay the loan in the case that the first participant is unable to fully repay the loan, which can alleviate the first
  • the short-term financial pressure of a participant will increase the likelihood of successful loan repayment, thereby reducing the risk of loan funds.
  • the credit rating of the first party after the repayment of the first party can promote the positive repayment of the first party to a certain extent, and lower the credit level after the first party defaults.
  • the law uses the credit line to further increase the default cost of the first party and reduce the risk of default.
  • a method for financing a loan loan provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the second participation direction sends a request for the banknote certificate to the second fund management server.
  • the second fund management server sets up the bank letter with the second participant account fund or the credit line as the deposit, and sends the bank certificate to the first fund management server where the first party is located.
  • the first fund management server issues a corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the silver credit certificate.
  • S304 Determine whether the remaining repayment is received within the preset repayment term. If yes, go to step S305, otherwise go to step S307.
  • the first fund management server sends the remaining repayment notice to the second fund management server.
  • the second fund management server unfreezes the frozen amount corresponding to the silver credit, and allocates the loan interest and the deposit interest in the second participant and the first fund account.
  • part of the repayment amount received includes all loan interest and part of the loan principal.
  • the repayment principal ie, the thawing of funds
  • the loan interest is first obtained, and the subsequent calculation of the remaining repayment delay is also beneficial to the fund management institution.
  • step S307 The first money management server consults the first participant whether or not it is willing to pay in installments. If yes, step S308 is performed, otherwise step S309 is performed.
  • the first fund management server transfers a loan to the first participant.
  • the bank may manually remind the first party to repay the remaining payment, or may promptly repay the remaining repayment through the bank server, for example, by using one or a combination of the following methods:
  • the first party's preset phone number or mobile phone the email notification sent to the first participant's preset email address, the software program client registered to the first participant, and the mobile phone preset to the first participant
  • the number sends an SMS notification, sends a QQ message to the QQ number preset by the first participant, or sends a message to the micro-signal code preset by the first participant.
  • step S310 whether the remaining repayment of the first participant is received within a preset dunning period, and if yes, performing the step Step S311, otherwise step S314 is performed.
  • the second fund management server After receiving the notification of the first fund management service, the second fund management server unfreezes the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the bank letter.
  • the interest on the deposit during the freezing of the funds is automatically calculated in the second participant's account and becomes available in the frozen funds of the defrosted silver letter.
  • the interest on the loan is transferred to the fund management account by the same party who repaid the first party.
  • the second party and the fund management agency can also separately agree on the distribution of loan benefits and redistribute according to the agreed method.
  • a late payment fee for the deferred funds may be charged to further increase the default cost of the first party.
  • step S313. Determine whether the second participant is received instead of the first participant repayment notice, and if yes, execute step S314, otherwise step S316 is performed.
  • the repayment of the second party in place of the first party further includes:
  • the amount of full repayment includes loan funds and loan interest
  • the amount of partial repayment is the sum of all loan interest and part of loan funds.
  • the second fund management server allocates the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the banknote to the first fund management server account.
  • the second fund management server allocates the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the banknote to the first fund management server account.
  • the first fund management server synchronizes the default record of the first participant to the fund management credit information system.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is based on the foregoing second embodiment, and the first participant is unable to fully repay the loan.
  • the second party's credit rating is increased to motivate the alternative repayment. It can further improve the possibility of repayment of loans, increase the risk of reducing loan funds, and make lending transactions safer.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the first fund management server and the second fund management server as the same fund management server (referred to as a fund management server) as an example.
  • a method for borrowing and lending funds according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a fund management server, and the method includes the following steps:
  • the default record can also be synchronized to the credit management system of the financial management department, such as the credit information system of the People's Bank of China.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the first fund management server and the second fund management server as the same fund management server (referred to as a fund management server) as an example.
  • a method for borrowing and lending funds according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a fund management server, and the method includes the following steps:
  • the first participant is asked whether it is willing to repay the instalment. [0116] Specifically, the first participant is asked whether the willingness to repay the payment can be manually performed, and the inquiry result is entered into the fund management server, and the fund management server can also perform automatic consultation and collect the consultation result.
  • step S505 If the feedback of the first participant is willing to repay instalments, step S505 is performed, otherwise step S506 is performed.
  • part of the repayment amount received includes all loan interest and part of the loan principal.
  • the repayment principal ie, the thawing of funds
  • the loan interest is first obtained, and the subsequent calculation of the remaining repayment delay is also beneficial to the fund management institution.
  • step S509 If the remaining repayment of the first participant is received, step S509 is performed, otherwise step S511 is performed.
  • step S510 The loan interest and the late payment fee within the dunning period are allocated in the second participant account and the fund management account according to a preset rule, and the process proceeds to step S513.
  • S512 Synchronize the default record of the first participant to the fund management credit system, and reduce the credit level of the first participant.
  • the first party by synchronizing the default record of the first party to the fund management credit system, the first party can be credited with the credit blacklist, so that the first party can not use the credit.
  • the amount in order to further increase the default cost of the first party.
  • the short-term financial pressure of the first participant is alleviated by the function of installment payment.
  • the increase of the late payment fee during the dunning period and the reduction of the credit level after the first party defaults make it impossible to use the credit line, thereby further increasing the default cost of the first party and reducing the capital risk.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a fund lending transaction system, and the system includes the following modules: a certificate requesting module 101 located in the second terminal 10, and a certificate in the second fund management server 20.
  • the processing module 201, the second loan processing module 202 and the second default processing module 203, and the loan processing module 301, the first loan processing module 302, and the first default processing module 303 are located in the first money management server 30.
  • the certificate requesting module 101 is configured to send a request for the banknote to the second fund management server.
  • the certificate processing module 201 is configured to set up, by the second fund management server, a bank letter with a second participant account fund or a credit line as a security deposit, and send the bank letter to the first party where the first party is located.
  • Money management server a bank letter with a second participant account fund or a credit line as a security deposit
  • the loan processing module 301 is configured to issue a corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the silver credit certificate.
  • the first loan collection processing module 302 is configured to send a repayment notice to the second money management server if the repayment of the first participant is received.
  • the second loan collection processing module 202 is configured to unfreeze the frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit according to the repayment amount.
  • the first default processing module 303 is configured to send a default notification to the second fund management server if the remaining payment is not received after the preset dunning period is exceeded.
  • the second default processing module 203 is configured to allocate the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver letter to the first fund management account if the remaining payment is not received after the preset dunning period is exceeded.
  • the system further includes a dunning module 304 located at the first money management server, an installment repayment module 305 and a first credit management module 306, and a second fund management service.
  • the dunning module 304 is configured to, after the first fund management server does not receive the remaining repayment within the preset repayment period, repay the loan to the first participant within the preset dunning period.
  • the installment repayment module 305 is configured to, after the first fund management server does not receive the remaining repayment after the preset repayment period, ask the first participant whether it is willing to repay the installment; if the feedback of the first participant If you are willing to repay in installments, you will start the installment repayment process.
  • the first credit management module 306 is configured to: if the first money management server exceeds a preset dunning period After the remaining repayments are not received, the default record of the first party is synchronized to the fund management credit system, and the credit level of the first party is reduced.
  • the frozen fund corresponding to the banknote is allocated to the fund management account according to the repayment amount.
  • the second credit management module 205 is configured to increase the credit level of the second participant if the second fund management server receives the notification that the second participant replaces the repayment of the first participant.
  • the benefit distribution module 206 is configured to: if the first party receives the repayment within the preset repayment period, allocate the loan interest and the second party account and the first fund management account according to a preset rule. Deposit interest; It is also set to allocate loan interest, deposit interest and late payment fee in the second participant account and the first fund management account according to the preset rules if the first party receives the repayment within the preset dunning period. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the first fund management server and the second fund management server as the same fund management server (referred to as a fund management server) as an example.
  • the fund lending transaction system is applied to a fund management server, and the system includes a lending processing module 401, a repayment processing module 402, and a default processing module 403.
  • a dunning module 404, an installment repayment module 504, an alternative repayment module 406, and an interest distribution module 407 can also be included.
  • the loan processing module 401 is configured to, after receiving the silver credit certificate established by the fund management server via the second party application, issue the corresponding amount of loan funds to the first participant according to the bank credit certificate.
  • the repayment processing module 402 is configured to, if the repayment of the first participant is received, thaw the frozen funds corresponding to the silver credit according to the repayment amount.
  • the default processing module 403 is configured to allocate the remaining frozen funds corresponding to the silver letter to the fund management account if the remaining payment is not received after the preset dunning period is exceeded.
  • the silver credit certificate is an electronic commitment payment voucher applied by the second party to the third fund management server and held by the third fund management server by using the account fund or the credit line as the margin.
  • the dunning module 404 is configured to, after the preset repayment period is not received, within the preset dunning period, The first participant in the fund management reminded the loan.
  • the installment repayment module 405 is configured to, after the preset repayment period is not received, ask the first participant whether they are willing to repay the installment; if the feedback of the first participant is willing to repay the installment, start Instalment repayment process.
  • the benefit distribution module 407 is configured to: if the first party of the fund management receives the repayment within the preset repayment term, allocate the loan in the second party account and the fund management according to the preset rule Interest and deposit interest; If the first party of the fund management receives the repayment within the preset dunning period, the loan interest, deposit interest and late payment fee are allocated in the second party account and fund management of the fund management according to the preset rules. .
  • the present invention provides a smart financial lending transaction system, introduces a silver credit card, and makes the fund management institution become a de facto lender, and the data processing is safer and faster.
  • the introduction of a bank letter can reduce the risk of default, and the same does not affect the acquisition of deposit interest of the second party, and also protects the interests of the second party.
  • the fund management institution repays the loan according to the frozen funds of the bank letter certificate, which can guarantee the security of the loan fund.
  • the first participant is allowed to make repayments in installments, and the second participant is allowed to help the first party to repay the remaining repayments, making the repayment method more flexible and user-friendly.
  • the fund management institution is the de facto lender
  • the fund management agency when the first party defaults, the fund management agency will make a dunning, which will have a deterrent effect on the breach of contract, reduce the risk of default, and safeguard the interests of the second party.
  • the first party's credit rating is lowered, thereby increasing the number
  • the default cost of a participant reduces the risk of default and further protects the interests of the second party, the creditor. Therefore, it has industrial applicability.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种借贷交易方法和系统，属于金融技术领域。其中，该方法包括：第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而开立银信证，并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器；第一资金管理服务器根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金；第二资金管理服务器收到第一资金管理服务器的还款通知后，款根据还款金额解冻银信证相应的冻结资金；如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款，划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。采用本发明，通过引入银信证进行借贷交易，能维护债权人的利益，并降低了违约风险，从而提高贷款资金的安全性，并且还还款方式更为灵活和人性化。

Description

资金借贷交易方法和系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于金融技术领域， 尤其涉及一种资金借贷交易方法和系统。
背景技术
[0002] 传统的借贷一般是指将资金出借给债务人而收取固定收益的一种方式， 主要包 括银行借贷和民间借贷。 由借款方发起结算需求， 贷款人有意向贷款给借方吋 ， 双方通过口头或者书面约定达成借贷交易， 如果借款方按约定期限还款， 贷 款人收到贷款本金和利息， 如果借款方不按约定期限还款， 其追款期限无限延 长。 传统借贷方式的优点在于有固定的收益， 但由于缺乏资金担保和监管机制 ， 尤其民间借贷活动中， 还款期限无限期延长， 或者直接贷款人难以追回贷款 的事件屡见不鲜， 造成违约风险较高， 贷款资金得不到保障。
[0003] 由此可见， 现阶段需要一种改进的借贷交易方法， 以降低违约风险和贷款资金 风险， 使得借贷交易更安全。
[0004] 由此可见， 现阶段需要一种改进的资金借贷交易方法， 以降低贷款资金风险和 提高债权人的收益， 使得借贷交易更安全。
技术问题
[0005] 有鉴于此， 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种借贷交易方法和系统， 以降低 贷款资金风险。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0006] 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明是这样实现的：
[0007] 本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：
[0008] 根据本发明的一个方面， 提供的一种资金借贷交易方法包括以下步骤：
[0009] 第二参与方向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求；
[0010] 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而幵立银信 证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器； [0011] 第一资金管理服务器根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金； [0012] 如果第一资金管理服务器收到第一参与方的还款， 则向第二资金管理服务器发 送还款通知， 第二资金管理服务器根据还款金额解冻银信证相应的冻结资金； [0013] 如果第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 则向第二资 金管理服务器发送违约通知， 第二资金管理服务器划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结 资金到第一资金管理账户。
[0014] 根据本发明的另一个方面， 提供的一种资金借贷交易方法， 应用于资金管理服 务器， 该方法包括以下步骤：
[0015] 接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服务器幵立的银信证后， 根据银信 证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金；
[0016] 如果收到第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金额解冻银信证对应的冻结资金； [0017] 如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金 到资金管理账户；
[0018] 其中， 银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而向资金管 理服务器申请并由资金管理服务器幵立的电子承诺支付凭证。
[0019] 根据本发明的又一个方面， 提供的一种资金借贷交易系统， 该系统包括以下模 块： 位于第二终端的幵证请求模块、 位于第二资金管理服务器的幵证处理模块 、 第二收贷处理模块和第二违约处理模块、 以及位于第一资金管理服务器的放 贷处理模块、 第一收贷处理模块和第一违约处理模块， 其中：
[0020] 幵证请求模块， 设置为向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求；
[0021] 幵证处理模块， 设置为第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度 作为保证金而幵立银信证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理 服务器；
[0022] 放贷处理模块， 设置为根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金； [0023] 第一收贷处理模块， 设置为如果收到第一参与方的还款， 向第二资金管理服务 器发送还款通知；
[0024] 第二收贷处理模块， 设置为根据还款金额解冻银信证对应的冻结资金；
[0025] 第一违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 向第 二资金管理服务器发送违约通知；
[0026] 第二违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨 银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。
[0027] 根据本发明的又一个方面， 提供的一种资金借贷交易系统， 应用于资金管理服 务器， 该系统包括以下模块：
[0028] 放贷处理模块， 设置为接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服务器幵立 的银信证后， 根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金；
[0029] 还款处理模块， 设置为如果收到第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金额解冻银信证 对应的冻结资金；
[0030] 违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨银信 证对应的剩余冻结资金到资金管理账户；
[0031] 其中， 银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而向第三资 金管理服务器申请并由第三资金管理服务器幵立的电子承诺支付凭证。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0032] 本发明所提供的方法和系统， 通过将资金管理机构拉入借贷交易过程， 使得资 金管理机构成为事实上的贷款方， 数据处理更为安全、 快捷。 通过引入银信证 进行借贷交易， 能降低违约风险， 同吋不影响第二参与方存款利息的获取， 维 护了第二参与方的利益。 而且在第一参与方违约的情况， 资金管理机构依据银 信证的冻结资金进行还贷， 能保证贷款资金的安全性。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0033] 图 1为本发明实施例提供一种借贷交易方法的流程图。
[0034] 图 2为本发明实施例提供另一种借贷交易方法的流程图。
[0035] 图 3为本发明例实施例提供又一种借贷交易方法的流程图。
[0036] 图 4为本发明例实施例提供再一种借贷交易方法的流程图。
[0037] 图 5为本发明例实施例提供再一种借贷交易方法的流程图。
[0038] 图 6为本发明实施例提供另一种借贷交易系统的结构图。 [0039] 图 7为本发明实施例提供另一种借贷交易系统的结构图。
[0040] 图 8为本发明实施例提供另一种借贷交易系统的结构图。
本发明的实施方式
[0041] 为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、 技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、 明白， 以 下结合附图和实施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述 的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
[0042] 在本发明中， 第一参与方是借款方。 第二参与方是指有意向第一参与方发起贷 款意向的个人或组织， 但在实际借贷交易中起到了担保作用。 资金管理机构是 指能支持资金流动和交易的金融机构， 在借贷交易中起到贷款方的作用。 其中 ， 银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而向资金管理服 务器申请并由资金管理服务器幵立的电子承诺支付凭证。 银信证是资金管理机 构承诺依照解付条件办理收付结算的电子信用凭证。 。 银信证不仅可以用商品 购买， 也可用于抵押担保。 资金管理机构是指能支持资金流动的机构， 包括但 不限于银行和其他金融机构 （如证券机构） 。 相应地， 资金管理服务器包括银 行服务器或者其他金融机构服务器； 资金管理账户包括银行贷款账户或者其他 金融机构贷款账户； 资金管理征信系统包括人民银行征信系统或其他金融机构 征信系统。
[0043] [0041]实施例一
[0044] 如图 1所示， 本发明实施例提供的一种资金借贷交易方法包括以下步骤：
[0045] S101、 第二参与方向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求。
[0046] 具体地， 第二参与方是持有资金有放贷意向的人， 其通过线下或电商平台线上 响应第一参与方借款需求达成协议后， 以其账户资金或授信额度为信用担保向 资金管理机构申请幵立电子承诺支付凭证。 电子商务平台可以为贷款银行的电 子商务平台， 也可以为具有业务合作关系的第三方电子商务平台。
[0047] S102、 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而幵 立银信证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器。
[0048] 具体地， 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金生 成银信证， 同吋冻结第二参与方在第二资金管理机构的账户资金或授信额度。 第二参与方所幵立的银信证虽然被冻结， 但资金仍然在第二参与方帐户内， 只 是资金处于不可利用的状态， 但也不影响冻结期间第二参与方存款利息的收取
。 比如说， 第二参与方账户资金余额为 30万， 向资金管理服务器幵具了 20万的 银信证并被冻结， 但资金管理服务器仍然按 30万的资金余额计算存款利息， 或 者资金管理服务器按 10万的资金余额计算第二参与方存款利息， 并单独计算银 信证冻结期间的资金存款利息。
[0049] S103、 第一资金管理服务器根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金
[0050] 具体地， 第一参与方按照银信证所附的贷款期限、 约定贷款利息等条件发放贷 款， 其中， 贷款资金的额度与银信证关联冻结的资金是等额的。
[0051] S104、 如果第一资金管理服务器收到第一参与方的还款， 则向第二资金管理服 务器发送还款通知， 第二资金管理服务器根据还款金额解冻银信证相应的冻结 资金。
[0052] 具体地， 第一参与方还款后， 第二资金管理服务器解冻银信证对应的部分冻结 资金。 与此同吋， 解冻的部分资金和相应的存款利息在第二参与方账户自动变 为可利用状态,而未解冻的银信证剩余资金仍然保持冻结状态。
[0053] 资金管理服务器在预定的还贷期限内收到第一参与方账户的还款， 还款金额包 含全额还款或者部分还款， 如果资金管理服务器收到第一参与方账户发来的是 全额的本金以及全部的贷款利息， 则认为第一参与方全额还款， 此吋解冻全部 银信证资金， 并为第二参与方分配银信证冻结期间的存款利息， 还可包含部分 约定的贷款利息分配。 如果银行在预定的还贷期限内只收到部分还款， 部分还 款是指收到部分本金和全部的贷款利息。 本步骤包括以下几种情况： 本步骤包 括以下几种情况： 当器收到第一参与方在预设还贷期限内的全额还款后， 解冻 银信证对应的全部冻结资金。 当收到第一参与方在预设还贷期限内的部分还款 后， 根据还款金额解冻银信证对应的剩余冻结资金。 当收到第一参与方在预设 还贷期限内的剩余还款， 解冻银信证对应的剩余冻结资金。 当收到第一参与方 在预设的催款期限内的全额还款， 解冻银信证对应的全部冻结资金。 当收到第 一参与方在预设的催款期限内的部分还款， 解冻银信证对应的部分冻结资金。 当收到第一参与方在预设的催款期限内的剩余还款， 解冻银信证对应的剩余冻 结资金。 。
[0054] S105、 如果第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 贝晌 第二资金管理服务器发送违约通知， 第二资金管理服务器划拨银信证对应的剩 余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。
[0055] 具体地， 当第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款后， 认 定第一参与方违约， 此吋第一资金管理服务器发送通知第二资金管理服务器划 拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户， 从而保证贷款资金的安全
[0056] 第一资金管理服务器与第二资金管理服务器为不同服务器， 例如不同银行服务 器， 或者同行跨地域的不同资金管理服务器。 当然， 在第二参与方的资金所在 账户与贷款银行为同一银行吋， 第一资金管理服务器与第二资金管理服务器为 同一资金管理服务器。
[0057] 本发明实施例的方法， 通过将资金管理机构拉入借贷交易过程， 使得资金管理 机构成为事实上的贷款方， 数据处理更为安全、 快捷。 通过引入银信证进行借 贷交易， 能降低违约风险， 同吋不影响第二参与方存款利息的获取， 维护了第 二参与方的利益。 而且在第一参与方违约的情况， 资金管理机构依据银信证的 冻结资金进行还贷， 能保证贷款资金的安全性。
[0058] 实施例二
[0059] 如图 2所示， 本发明实施例提供的一种资金借贷交易方法包括以下步骤：
[0060] S201、 第二参与方向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求。
[0061] S202、 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而幵 立银信证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器。
[0062] S203、 第一资金管理服务器根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金
[0063] S204、 判断是否在预设还贷期限内收到剩余还款， 如果是， 执行步骤 S205 , 否 则执行步骤 S207。 [0064] S205、 第一资金管理服务器向第二资金管理服务器发送剩余还款通知。
[0065] S206、 第二资金管理服务器解冻银信证对应的冻结金额， 并在第二参与方和第 一资金账户分配贷款利息和存款利息。
[0066] S207、 第一资金管理服务器向第一参与方咨询是否愿意分期付款， 如果是， 执 行步骤 S208 , 否则执行步骤 S209。
[0067] S208、 启动分期还款流程， 转至步骤 S215。
[0068] S209、 如果第一资金管理服务器收到第一参与方的还款， 则向第二资金管理服 务器发送还款通知， 第二资金管理服务器根据还款金额解冻银信证相应的冻结 资金。
[0069] S210、 是否在预设的催款期限内收到第一参与方的剩余还款， 如果是， 执行步 骤 S211 , 否则执行步骤 S213。
[0070] S211、 第二资金管理服务器接收到第一资金管理服务的通知后， 解冻银信证对 应的剩余冻结资金。
[0071] S212、 按预设的规则在第二参与方账户和第二资金管理服务器账户分配贷款利 息、 存款利息和滞纳金。
[0072] S213、 第二资金管理服务器划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理服 务器账户。
[0073] S214、 第一资金管理服务器将第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统
， 降低第一参与方的信用级别。
[0074] 具体地， 本步骤通过将第一参与方的违约记录同步到银行征信系统， 可以给第 一参与方记上信用污点拉入信用黑名单， 使第一参与方后继无法使用授信额度
， 从而进一步提高第一参与方的违约成本。
[0075] S214、 结束流程。
[0076] 本发明实施例二在上述实施例一的基础上， 通过途增加分期还贷方式， 在第一 参与方无力全部偿还贷款的情况下， 允许第一参与方分期还款， 能缓解第一参 与方的短期资金压力， 提高还贷成功的可能性， 从而降低贷款资金风险。 此外 ， 通过引入征信系统， 在第一参与方如约还款后提高信用级别， 在一定程度上 可以促进第一参与方积极还款， 在第一参与方违约后降低信用级别使其后继无 法使用授信额度， 从而进一步提高第一参与方的违约成本， 降低违约风险。
[0077] 实施例三
[0078] 如图 3所示， 本发明实施例提供的一种资金借贷交易方法包括以下步骤：
[0079] S301、 第二参与方向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求。
[0080] S302、 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而幵 立银信证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器。
[0081] S303、 第一资金管理服务器根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金
[0082] S304、 判断是否在预设还贷期限内收到剩余还款， 如果是， 执行步骤 S305， 否 则执行步骤 S307。
[0083] S305、 第一资金管理服务器向第二资金管理服务器发送剩余还款通知。
[0084] S306、 第二资金管理服务器解冻银信证对应的冻结金额， 并在第二参与方和第 一资金账户分配贷款利息和存款利息。
[0085] 为了最大化资金管理机构的利益， 所收到的部分还款金额包括全部贷款利息和 部分贷款本金。 也就是说， 从还款资金中先减掉贷款资金的全部贷款利息后才 是还款本金 （即解冻资金） 。 从而在部分还款中先拿到贷款利息， 后继在计算 剩余还款延期滞纳金吋对资金管理机构也有利。
[0086] S307、 第一资金管理服务器向第一参与方咨询是否愿意分期付款， 如果是， 执 行步骤 S308， 否则执行步骤 S309。
[0087] S308、 启动分期还款流程， 转至步骤 S215。
[0088] S309、 第一资金管理服务器向第一参与方催款贷款。
[0089] 具体地， 银行可以人工催第一参与方还剩余还款， 也可以通过银行服务器全方 位的催还剩余还款， 比如通过以下一种或几种方式的组合进行催还： 拨号通知 第一参与方预设的电话号码或移动电话、 向第一参与方预设的电子邮箱发送邮 件通知、 向第一参与方注册的软件程序客户端推送信息、 向第一参与方预设的 移动号码发送短信通知、 向第一参与方预设的 QQ号码发送 QQ消息、 或向第一参 与方预设的微信号码发送消息。
[0090] S310、 是否在预设的催款期限内收到第一参与方的剩余还款， 如果是， 执行步 骤 S311， 否则执行步骤 S314。
[0091] S311、 第二资金管理服务器接收到第一资金管理服务的通知后， 解冻银信证对 应的剩余冻结资金。
[0092] S312、 按预设的规则在第二参与方账户和第二资金管理服务器账户分配贷款利 息、 存款利息和滞纳金。
[0093] 具体地， 由于银信证的特点， 资金冻结期间的存款利息在解冻银信证的冻结资 金吋自动计算在第二参与方帐户内并变为可用状态的。 而贷款利息则由第一参 与方还款的同吋转账到资金管理账户的。 当然， 第二参与方和资金管理机构也 完全可以另行约定贷款利益分配方式， 按照约定的方式进行再分配。 当延期还 款吋， 还可以收取延期资金的滞纳金， 以进一步提高第一参与方的违约成本。
[0094] S313、 判断是否接收到第二参与方代替第一参与方还款通知， 如果是， 执行步 骤 S314， 否则执行步骤 S316。
[0095] 具体地， 第二参与方代替第一参与方的还款进一步包括：
[0096] 代替第一参与方在预设还贷期限内还清全额还款、 代替第一参与方在预设的还 贷期限内偿还部分还款、 代替第一参与方在预设还贷期限内偿还剩余还款、 代 替第一参与方在预设的催款期限内还清全额还款、 代替第一参与方在预设的催 款期限内偿还部分还款、 代替第一参与方预设的催款期限内偿还剩余还款。
[0097] 其中， 全额还款的金额包括贷款资金和贷款利息， 部分还款的金额为全部贷款 利息与部分贷款资金之和。
[0098] S314、 第二资金管理服务器划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理服 务器账户。
[0099] S315、 提高第二参与方的信用级别。
[0100] S316、 第二资金管理服务器划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理服 务器账户。
[0101] S317、 第一资金管理服务器将第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统
， 降低第一参与方的信用级别。
[0102] S318、 结束流程。
[0103] 本发明实施例三在上述实施例二的基础上， 在第一参与方无力全部偿还贷款的 情况下， 通过提供第二参与方代替第一参与方部分还款的灵活方式， 并且利用 第二参与方代替第一参与方还款后， 提高第二参与方的信用级别来激励代替还 款。 能进一步提高还贷成功的可能性， 提高降低贷款资金风险， 使得借贷交易 更安全。
[0104] 实施例四
[0105] 如图 4所示， 本发明实施例以第一资金管理服务器和第二资金管理服务器为同 一个资金管理服务器 （称资金管理服务器） 为例进行说明。 本发明实施例提供 的一种资金借贷交易方法， 应用于资金管理服务器， 该方法包括以下步骤：
[0106] S401、 接收到经第二参与方申请而由资金管理服务器幵立的银信证后， 根据银 信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金。
[0107] S402、 如果收到第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金额解冻银信证对应的冻结资金
[0108] S403、 如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨银信证对应的剩余冻 结资金到资金管理账户。
[0109] 具体地， 只要在催款期内未完全还清所欠贷款， 则将银信证冻结的资金划拨到 资金管理账户。
[0110] 在一种优选的方案中， 并且记录第一参与方的违约记录， 违约记录还可以同步 到金融管理部门的征信系统， 例如人民银行的征信系统。
[0111] 实施例五
[0112] 如图 5所示， 本发明实施例以第一资金管理服务器和第二资金管理服务器为同 一个资金管理服务器 （称资金管理服务器） 为例进行说明。 本发明实施例提供 的一种资金借贷交易方法， 应用于资金管理服务器， 该方法包括以下步骤：
[0113] S501、 接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服务器幵立的银信证后， 根 据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金
[0114] S502、 收到第一参与方在预设还贷期限内的部分还款后， 根据还款金额解冻银 信证对应的部分冻结资金。
[0115] S503、 当超过预设还贷期限未收到剩余还款后， 向第一参与方询问是否愿意分 期还款。 [0116] 具体地， 向第一参与方询问是否愿意分期还款可以人工进行， 将询问结果录入 资金管理服务器， 也可以通过资金管理服务器进行自动征询和收集咨询结果。
[0117] S504、 如果第一参与方的反馈是愿意分期还款， 则执行步骤 S505， 否则执行步 骤 S506。
[0118] S505、 启动分期还款流程， 转至步骤 S512。
[0119] S506、 在预设的催款期限内， 向第一参与方催还贷款。
[0120] S507、 如果收到第一参与方的部分还款， 解冻银信证对应的部分冻结资金。
[0121] 为了最大化资金管理机构的利益， 所收到的部分还款金额包括全部贷款利息和 部分贷款本金。 也就是说， 从还款资金中先减掉贷款资金的全部贷款利息后才 是还款本金 （即解冻资金） 。 从而在部分还款中先拿到贷款利息， 后继在计算 剩余还款延期滞纳金吋对资金管理机构也有利。
[0122] S508、 如果收到第一参与方的剩余还款， 则执行步骤 S509， 否则执行步骤 S511
[0123] S509、 解冻银信证对应的剩余冻结资金。
[0124] S510、 按预设的规则在第二参与方账户和资金管理账户分配贷款利息以及催款 期限内的滞纳金， 转至步骤 S513。
[0125] S511、 划拨银信证对应的冻结资金到资金管理账户。
[0126] S512、 将第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统， 降低第一参与方的 信用级别。
[0127] 具体地， 本步骤通过将第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统， 可以 给第一参与方记上信用污点拉入信用黑名单， 使第一参与方后继无法使用授信 额度， 从而进一步提高第一参与方的违约成本。
[0128] S513、 结束流程。
[0129] 本发明实施例中， 在上述实施例五的基础上， 通过分期付款的功能缓解第一参 与方的短期资金压力。 此外， 增加催款期限内的滞纳金， 以及在第一参与方违 约后降低信用级别使其后继无法使用授信额度， 从而进一步提高第一参与方的 违约成本， 降低资金风险。
[0130] 实施例六 [0131] 如图 6所示， 本发明实施例提供了一种资金借贷交易系统， 该系统包括以下模 块： 位于第二终端 10的幵证请求模块 101、 位于第二资金管理服务器 20的幵证处 理模块 201、 第二收贷处理模块 202和第二违约处理模块 203、 以及位于第一资金 管理服务器 30的放贷处理模块 301、 第一收贷处理模块 302和第一违约处理模块 3 03。
[0132] 幵证请求模块 101， 设置为向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求。
[0133] 幵证处理模块 201， 设置为第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信 额度作为保证金而幵立银信证， 并将银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金 管理服务器。
[0134] 放贷处理模块 301， 设置为根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金
[0135] 第一收贷处理模块 302， 设置为如果收到第一参与方的还款， 向第二资金管理 服务器发送还款通知。
[0136] 第二收贷处理模块 202， 设置为根据还款金额解冻银信证对应的冻结资金。
[0137] 第一违约处理模块 303， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 向第二资金管理服务器发送违约通知。
[0138] 第二违约处理模块 203， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。
[0139] 请参阅图 7， 作为一种优选方案， 该系统还包括位于第一资金管理服务器的催 款模 304、 分期还款模块 305和第一信用管理模块 306、 以及位于第二资金管理服 务的代替还款模块 204、 第二信用管理模块 205、 第一利益分配模块 206和第二利 益分配模块 207。 其中：
[0140] 催款模 304， 设置为当第一资金管理服务器超过预设还贷期限未收到剩余还款 后， 在预设催款期限内， 向第一参与方催还贷款。
[0141] 分期还款模块 305， 设置为当第一资金管理服务器超过预设还贷期限未收到剩 余还款后， 向第一参与方询问是否愿意分期还款； 如果第一参与方的反馈是愿 意分期还款， 则启动分期还款流程。
[0142] 第一信用管理模块 306， 设置为如果第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限 后未收到剩余还款， 将第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统， 并降 低第一参与方的信用级别。
[0143] 代替还款模块 204， 设置为第一资金管理服务器如果接收到第二参与方代替第 一参与方还款的通知， 根据代替还款金额划拨银信证对应的冻结资金到资金管 理账户。
[0144] 第二信用管理模块 205， 设置为如果第二资金管理服务器接收到第二参与方代 替第一参与方还款的通知， 提高第二参与方的信用级别。
[0145] 利益分配模块 206， 设置为如果收到第一参与方在预设的还贷期限内的还款， 按预设的规则在第二参与方账户和第一资金管理账户分配贷款利息和存款利息 ； 还设置为如果收到第一参与方在预设的催款期限内的还款， 按预设的规则在 第二参与方账户和第一资金管理账户分配贷款利息、 存款利息以及滞纳金。
[0146] 需要说明的是， 上述方法实施例一、 实施例二和实施例三中的技术特征在本装 置均对应适用， 这里不再重述。
[0147] 实施例七
[0148] 如图 8所示， 本发明实施例以第一资金管理服务器和第二资金管理服务器为同 一个资金管理服务器 （称资金管理服务器） 为例进行说明。 该资金借贷交易系 统应用于资金管理服务器， 该系统包括放贷处理模块 401、 还款处理模块 402和 违约处理模块 403。 在某些实施例中， 还可以包括催款模块 404， 分期还款模块 4 05、 代替还款模块 406和利益分配模块 407。
[0149] 放贷处理模块 401， 设置为接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服务器 幵立的银信证后， 根据银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金。
[0150] 还款处理模块 402， 设置为如果收到第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金额解冻银 信证对应的冻结资金。
[0151] 违约处理模块 403， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨 银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到资金管理账户。
[0152] 其中， 银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而向第三资 金管理服务器申请并由第三资金管理服务器幵立的电子承诺支付凭证。
[0153] 催款模块 404， 设置为当超过预设还贷期限未收到后， 在预设催款期限内， 向 资金管理第一参与方催还贷款。
[0154] 分期还款模块 405， 设置为当超过预设还贷期限未收到后， 向第一参与方询问 是否愿意分期还款； 如果第一参与方的反馈是愿意分期还款， 则启动分期还款 流程。
[0155] 代替还款模块 406， 设置为如果接收到资金管理第二参与方代替资金管理第一 参与方还款的通知， 根据代替还款金额划拨资金管理银信证对应的冻结资金到 资金管理账户。
[0156] 利益分配模块 407， 设置为： 如果收到资金管理第一参与方在预设的还贷期限 内的还款， 按预设的规则在资金管理第二参与方账户和资金管理分配贷款利息 和存款利息； 如果收到资金管理第一参与方在预设的催款期限内的还款， 按预 设的规则在资金管理第二参与方账户和资金管理分配贷款利息、 存款利息以及 滞纳金。
[0157] 需要说明的是， 上述方法实施例四和实施例五中的技术特征在本装置均对应适 用， 这里不再重述。
[0158] 本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以 通过程序来控制相关的硬件完成， 所述的程序可以在存储于一计算机可读取存 储介质中， 所述的存储介质， 如 ROM/RAM、 磁盘、 光盘等。
[0159] 以上参照附图说明了本发明的优选实施例， 并非因此局限本发明的权利范围。
本领域技术人员不脱离本发明的范围和实质， 可以有多种变型方案实现本发明 ， 比如作为一个实施例的特征可用于另一实施例而得到又一实施例。 凡在运用 本发明的技术构思之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进， 均应在本发明的权 利范围之内。
工业实用性
[0160] 本发明通过提供一种智能金融借贷交易系统， 引入银信证， 使得资金管理机构 成为事实上的贷款方， 数据处理更为安全、 快捷。 通过引入银信证能降低违约 风险， 同吋不影响第二参与方存款利息的获取， 也维护了第二参与方的利益。 而在第一参与方违约的情况， 资金管理机构依据银信证的冻结资金进行还贷， 能保证贷款资金的安全性。 此外， 在第一参与方无力全部偿还贷款的情况下， 允许第一参与方分期还款， 并允许第二参与方帮助第一参与方偿还剩余还款， 使得偿还方式更为灵活和人性化。 由于资金管理机构是事实上的贷款方， 当第 一参与方违约吋由资金管理机构进行催款， 对违约行为有震慑作用， 降低了违 约风险， 维护了第二参与方的利益。 另外， 还通过引入征信功能， 当第一参与 方无力偿还剩余还款， 而由第二参与方帮助第一参与方偿还了剩余还款吋， 降 低第一参与方的信用评级， 从而增加第一参与方的违约成本， 降低违约风险， 进一步维护第二参与方即债权人的利益。 因此， 具有工业实用性。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种资金借贷交易方法， 该方法包括以下步骤：
第二参与方向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的请求； 第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资金或授信额度作为保证金而 幵立银信证， 并将所述银信证发送给第一参与方所在的第一资金管理 服务器；
所述第一资金管理服务器根据所述银信证向第一参与方发放相应额度 的贷款资金；
如果第一资金管理服务器收到所述第一参与方的还款， 则向所述第二 资金管理服务器发送还款通知， 所述第二资金管理服务器根据还款金 额解冻所述银信证相应的冻结资金；
如果第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 则 向所述第二资金管理服务器发送违约通知， 所述第二资金管理服务器 划拨所述银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中：
所述第一资金管理服务器收到的所述第一参与方的还款包括： 第一参 与方在预设还贷期限内的全额还款、 所述第一参与方在预设还贷期限 内的部分还款、 所述第一参与方在预设还贷期限内的剩余还款、 所述 第一参与方在预设的催款期限内的全额还款、 所述第一参与方在预设 的催款期限内的部分还款、 和 /或所述第一参与方在预设的催款期限 内的剩余还款；
其中， 所述全额还款的金额包括贷款资金和贷款利息， 所述部分还款 的金额为全部贷款利息与部分贷款资金之和。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中， 该方法还包括： 当所述第一资金管理服务器超过预设还贷期限未收到剩余还款后， 在 预设催款期限内向所述第一参与方催还贷款。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中， 该方法还包括： 当所述第一资金管理服务器超过预设还贷期限未收到还清贷款资金剩 余还款后， 向第一参与方询问是否愿意分期还款； 如果第一参与方的 反馈是愿意分期还款， 则启动分期还款流程。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中， 该方法还包括： 如果第二资金管理服务器接收到所述第二参与方代替所述第一参与方 还款的通知， 根据代替还款金额划拨所述银信证对应的冻结资金到第 一资金管理账户， 并提高所述第二参与方的信用级别。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中， 所述第二参与方代 替所述第一参与方的还款进一步包括：
代替所述第一参与方在预设还贷期限内还清全额还款、 代替第一参与 方在预设的还贷期限内偿还部分还款、 代替第一参与方在预设还贷期 限内偿还剩余还款、 代替所述第一参与方在预设的催款期限内还清全 额还款、 代替第一参与方在预设的催款期限内偿还部分还款、 代替第 一参与方预设的催款期限内偿还剩余还款；
其中， 所述全额还款的金额包括贷款资金和贷款利息， 所述部分还款 的金额为全部贷款利息与部分贷款资金之和。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的资金借贷交易方法， 其中， 该方法还包括： 如果第一资金管理服务器超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 将 第一参与方的违约记录同步到资金管理征信系统， 并降低所述第一参 与方的信用级别。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的借贷交易方法， 其中， 该方法还包括：
如果收到所述第一参与方在预设的还贷期限内的还款， 按预设的规则 在所述第二参与方账户和所述第一资金管理账户分配贷款利息和存款 利息；
如果收到所述第一参与方在预设的催款期限内的还款， 按预设的规则 在所述第二参与方账户和所述第一资金管理账户分配贷款利息、 存款 利息以及滞纳金。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1-8任意一项权利要求所述的借贷交易方法， 其中， 所 述第一资金管理服务器和所述第二资金管理服务器为同一资金管理服 务器或者不同的资金管理服务器。
[权利要求 10] —种资金借贷交易方法， 应用于资金管理服务器， 该方法包括以下步 骤：
接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服务器幵立的银信证后， 根据所述银信证向所述第一参与方发放相应额度的贷款资金； 如果收到所述第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金额解冻所述银信证对应 的冻结资金；
如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨所述银信证对应的 剩余冻结资金到资金管理账户；
其中， 所述银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证 金而向所述资金管理服务器申请并由所述资金管理服务器幵立的电子 承诺支付凭证。
[权利要求 11] 一种资金借贷交易系统， 该系统包括以下模块： 位于第二终端的幵证 请求模块、 位于第二资金管理服务器的幵证处理模块、 第二收贷处理 模块和第二违约处理模块、 以及位于第一资金管理服务器的放贷处理 模块、 第一收贷处理模块和第一违约处理模块， 其中：
所述幵证请求模块， 设置为向第二资金管理服务器发送幵立银信证的 请求；
所述幵证处理模块， 设置为第二资金管理服务器以第二参与方账户资 金或授信额度作为保证金而幵立银信证， 并将所述银信证发送给第一 参与方所在的第一资金管理服务器；
所述放贷处理模块， 设置为根据所述银信证向第一参与方发放相应额 度的贷款资金；
所述第一收贷处理模块， 设置为如果收到所述第一参与方的还款， 向 所述第二资金管理服务器发送还款通知；
所述第二收贷处理模块， 设置为根据还款金额解冻所述银信证对应的 冻结资金；
所述第一违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩 余还款， 向所述第二资金管理服务器发送违约通知；
所述第二违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩 余还款， 划拨所述银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到第一资金管理账户。
[权利要求 12] —种资金借贷交易系统， 应用于资金管理服务器， 该系统包括以下模 块：
放贷处理模块， 设置为接收到经第二参与方申请而由所述资金管理服 务器幵立的银信证后， 根据所述银信证向所述第一参与方发放相应额 度的贷款资金；
还款处理模块， 设置为如果收到所述第一参与方的还款， 根据还款金 额解冻所述银信证对应的冻结资金；
违约处理模块， 设置为如果超过预设的催款期限后未收到剩余还款， 划拨所述银信证对应的剩余冻结资金到资金管理账户；
其中， 所述银信证是由第二参与方以其账户资金或授信额度作为保证 金而向所述第三资金管理服务器申请并由所述第三资金管理服务器幵 立的电子承诺支付凭证。
PCT/CN2015/080395 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 资金借贷交易方法和系统 WO2016191978A1 (zh)

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