WO2016185671A1 - Dispositif de commande de pile rechargeable - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de pile rechargeable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016185671A1
WO2016185671A1 PCT/JP2016/002122 JP2016002122W WO2016185671A1 WO 2016185671 A1 WO2016185671 A1 WO 2016185671A1 JP 2016002122 W JP2016002122 W JP 2016002122W WO 2016185671 A1 WO2016185671 A1 WO 2016185671A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
period
storage battery
charging
rate
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PCT/JP2016/002122
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
遥 仲宗根
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Priority to JP2017518739A priority Critical patent/JP6688981B2/ja
Publication of WO2016185671A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016185671A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a storage battery control device or the like used in a power distribution system that performs a power supply operation of supplying power to a load.
  • Patent Document 1 Conventionally, in a system in which a commercial power supply and a storage battery coexist, there is disclosed a configuration in which a charging rate is set so that charging is terminated at a predetermined time when constant-current charging the storage battery (for example, see Patent Document 1) .
  • the storage battery of Patent Document 1 has a role of backup and a role of peak shift.
  • the storage battery does not play a role of peak shift (peak suppression) unless control such as charging or discharging is performed for the storage battery for an appropriate period. And since a storage battery does not play a role of peak shift (peak suppression), a bad influence may occur in stable operation of an electric power system (commercial power supply).
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery control device and the like capable of performing control such as charging or discharging of a storage battery over an appropriate period.
  • a storage battery control apparatus supplies power to a load from each of a power system, a distributed power supply, and a power storage device, and charges the storage battery provided in the power storage device with generated power of the distributed power supply.
  • a storage battery control apparatus for use in a power distribution system that performs an operation and a reverse power flow operation in which power not charged by the storage battery and not consumed by the load among generated power of the distributed power source is reversely flowed to the power system,
  • a demand forecasting unit for predicting a demand transition which is a temporal transition of demand power consumed by a load and a temporal transition in a predetermined period, and a temporal transition of generated power of the dispersed power source which is a temporal transition in the predetermined period
  • a power generation prediction unit for The rate determining unit is configured to generate the power during the predetermined period based on the demand transition predicted by the demand predicting unit and the power generation transition predicted by the power generation predicting unit.
  • a period including the time when the surplus power obtained by removing the demand power from the power is at a peak is set as a charging period in which the charging operation is performed, and planned charging power scheduled as the amount of power charged by the storage battery in the charging period
  • a charging rate for charging the storage battery over the charging period is determined as the target charging rate in the charging period based on an amount and a time length of the charging period.
  • a storage battery control apparatus is used in a discharge operation for discharging a storage battery included in a storage device and a distribution system performing a power supply operation for supplying power from each of an electric power system and the storage device to a load.
  • a storage battery control apparatus comprising: a demand prediction unit that predicts a demand transition which is a temporal transition of demand power consumed by the load and is a temporal transition in a predetermined period; and discharging by the storage battery in a discharge period in which the discharge operation is performed
  • a storage status prediction unit that predicts a dischargeable amount that is a possible power amount and that is a power amount depending on the charge state of the storage battery at the start timing of the discharge period, and matches or approximates the discharge rate of the storage battery to a target discharge rate
  • a rate determining unit for determining the target discharge rate for the target, and the rate determining The period including the time when the power supplied from the power system to the load is peak when it is assumed that the power storage device does not supply power to the load within the predetermined period based on the demand transition
  • a discharge period is set, and the storage battery is discharged over the discharge period based on the dischargeable amount predicted by the storage state prediction unit with respect to the discharge period and the time length of the discharge period. Is determined as the
  • the storage battery control device or the like performs control such as charging or discharging of the storage battery over an appropriate period.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power distribution system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing prediction results of the required power and the generated power according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic view showing storage battery control different from that of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic view showing equivalent demand different from that of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing the storage battery control of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing the equivalent demand of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the process of determining the charging period in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power distribution system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing charge control of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another charge control of the second embodiment.
  • the amount of power usually means an integrated value of power in a predetermined period, and corresponds to energy.
  • the amount of power per unit time corresponds to the power (power). Since electric power (power) and electric energy (energy) correspond to each other, electric power may be used here in the meaning of electric energy (energy), and electric energy is used in the meaning of electric power (power) There is a case. Then, the amount of power may be referred to as the amount of power.
  • current, power and amount of power may mean their values.
  • charge and discharge correspond to at least one of charge and discharge.
  • the peak may be the maximum or the maximum in a predetermined period.
  • FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the power distribution system.
  • the power distribution system includes a storage battery control device 1, a distribution board 2, a solar power generation device 3, a power storage device 4, and power sensors 91 and 92, and supplies power to a load 6.
  • the solar power generation device 3 is a distributed power supply including a solar cell 31 and a power conditioner 32.
  • the storage device 4 includes a storage battery 41 and a power conditioner 42.
  • the distributed power supply of a power distribution system is not limited to the solar power generation device 3, For example, a wind power generator etc. may be sufficient.
  • the power distribution system is applied to a single dwelling unit, but the power distribution system may be applied to a building such as an apartment house or a business office.
  • the power distribution system uses the solar power generation device 3, the power storage device 4, and the commercial power supply 8 (electric power system 7) as a power supply for supplying power to the load 6.
  • the power system 7 is a system for supplying a building as shown in FIG. 1 and is operated by a power company or the like.
  • the commercial power source 8 is, for example, a power plant operated by a power company or the like.
  • the power system 7 may include a commercial power supply 8. Also, the power system 7 may mean a power network.
  • AC power (commercial power) is supplied from the commercial power source 8 to the distribution board 2 through the power system 7. Furthermore, alternating current power (generated power) is supplied to the distribution board 2 from the solar power generation device 3. Furthermore, AC power (discharge power) is supplied from the storage device 4 to the distribution board 2.
  • a master breaker a plurality of branch breakers, a switch, and the like are incorporated. Further, the plurality of branch breakers of the distribution board 2 are provided for the plurality of branch circuits. The distribution board 2 supplies AC power to the plurality of loads 6 through the plurality of branch circuits.
  • the plurality of loads 6 in FIG. 1 are electrical devices such as lighting devices, air conditioners, and information devices connected to a plurality of branch circuits.
  • the solar cell 31 receives sunlight and generates power.
  • the power conditioner 32 converts direct current power obtained by the solar cell 31 generating electric power into alternating current power, and outputs the alternating current power as generated power of the solar power generation device 3. Furthermore, the power conditioner 32 adjusts the frequency and output voltage of the AC power (generated power) output from the power conditioner 32 in order to perform grid connection with the power system 7.
  • the storage battery 41 is connected to the distribution board 2 via a power conditioner 42.
  • Power conditioner 42 charges and discharges storage battery 41. Specifically, the power conditioner 42 converts the AC power supplied from the distribution board 2 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the storage battery 41 to charge the storage battery 41. Further, the power conditioner 42 discharges the storage battery 41, converts the DC power supplied from the storage battery 41 into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the distribution board 2.
  • the power conditioner 42 adjusts the frequency and output voltage of the AC power (discharge power) output from the power conditioner 42 in order to perform grid connection with the power system 7.
  • the generated power of the solar power generation device 3 is used for a part or all of demand power, charging power and reverse flow power.
  • the discharge power of power storage device 4 (storage battery 41) is used for demand power.
  • the demand power is the total power consumed by the entire load 6 (the sum of the power consumed by a plurality of loads 6).
  • the charging power is the power charged by the storage battery 41.
  • the reverse flow power is power that flows backward to the power system 7.
  • the power distribution system performs a power supply operation of supplying power to the load 6 from each of the power system 7, the solar power generation device 3 and the storage device 4.
  • the power distribution system charges the storage battery 41 with the power generated by the solar power generation device 3 (storage operation), and the power generated by the solar power generation device 3 is not charged by the storage battery 41 and consumed by the load 6
  • a reverse power flow operation is performed to reverse power flow to the power system 7.
  • the storage battery 41 may be charged with commercial power.
  • the power distribution system directly converts the DC power generated by the solar cell 31 into DC power for charging without converting the DC power generated by the solar cell 31 into AC power.
  • the storage battery 41 may be charged.
  • the power distribution system may convert the voltage of the DC power generated by the solar cell 31 into a voltage for charging to charge the storage battery 41.
  • the power sensor 91 measures the current (generated current) supplied from the solar power generation device 3 to the distribution board 2, and stores the generated power data indicating the generated power converted based on the predetermined value from the measured value of the generated current. Output to the control device 1 periodically (with a sampling cycle).
  • the generated power data indicates, for example, generated power obtained by multiplying the measured value of the generated current by a predetermined generated voltage.
  • Power sensor 91 may be provided in power conditioner 32.
  • the power sensor 92 measures the total current supplied from the distribution board 2 to the whole of the load 6 (the sum of the currents supplied to the plurality of loads 6: load current), and based on the measured value of the load current Demand power data indicating the converted demand power is output to the storage battery control device 1 periodically (with a sampling cycle).
  • the demand power data indicates, for example, demand power obtained by multiplying the measured value of the load current by a predetermined load voltage.
  • the storage battery control device 1 includes a demand prediction unit 11, a power generation prediction unit 12, a power storage state prediction unit 13, a rate determination unit 14, a data acquisition unit 15, a storage unit 16, and a communication unit 17. Then, the storage battery control device 1 controls the charging / discharging operation performed on the storage battery 41 by the power conditioner 42 by determining the target charge rate and the target discharge rate of the storage battery 41 to be charged / discharged by the power conditioner 42. .
  • the storage battery control device 1 sets the charging rate corresponding to the power charged by the storage battery 41 via the power conditioner 42, and the discharge rate corresponding to the power discharged by the storage battery 41 as the target charging rate and the target discharging. Control according to the rate. Then, the storage battery control device 1 controls the charge rate and the discharge rate to adjust the commercial power received from the power system 7 and the reverse flow power returned to the power system 7.
  • storage battery control device 1 transmits only the generated power of solar power generation device 3 to electric power system 7 among the generated power of solar power generation device 3 and the discharged power of storage battery 41. You may make it reverse power flow.
  • the storage battery control device 1 includes only a part of the demand prediction unit 11, the power generation prediction unit 12, the power storage state prediction unit 13, the rate determination unit 14, the data acquisition unit 15, the storage unit 16 and the communication unit 17. Good.
  • Other components may be included in a device separate from the storage battery control device 1.
  • the storage battery control device 1 may include only the demand prediction unit 11, the power generation prediction unit 12, and the rate determination unit 14 among them, or only the demand prediction unit 11, the power storage state prediction unit 13, and the rate determination unit 14 May be provided.
  • the data acquisition unit 15 is an acquisition unit that acquires generated power data from the power sensor 91 and acquires demand power data from the power sensor 92.
  • the data acquisition unit 15 stores the generated power data and the required power data in the storage unit 16 in association with the date and time data. Weather information at the time of measurement may be associated with the generated power data.
  • the storage unit 16 stores a history of generated power and required power. Specifically, the storage unit 16 stores power generation data and demand power data for a fixed period in the past (for example, past one week, one month, three months, etc.), and is earlier than the fixed period in the past The old data of are deleted sequentially.
  • the demand prediction unit 11 is a predictor that predicts a time transition of demand power on a day (target day) in which the storage battery 41 is controlled based on the history of demand power of the storage unit 16 at a fixed time every day.
  • the temporal transition of the demand power is a temporal transition of the power consumed by the load 6 in one day.
  • the time transition of demand power is also referred to as demand transition.
  • the demand prediction unit 11 predicts the time transition of the demand power on the target date, for example, by obtaining the average of the demand power at each time based on the history of the demand power. Furthermore, the demand forecasting unit 11 may forecast the time transition of the demand power using only the demand power data on the same day of the week as the target day among all the demand power data.
  • the power generation prediction unit 12 is a predictor that predicts the time transition of the generated power on the target date based on the history of the generated power of the storage unit 16 at a fixed time every day.
  • the time transition of the generated power is also referred to as the power generation transition.
  • the power generation prediction unit 12 predicts the time transition of the generated power on the target date using only the generated power data associated with the past weather information similar to the weather forecast on the target date among all the generated power data. May be In addition, the power generation prediction unit 12 may predict the time transition of the generated power on the target date by obtaining the average of the generated power at each time.
  • Each of the demand prediction unit 11 and the power generation prediction unit 12 may perform prediction on the night before the target day for which the storage battery 41 is controlled or on the morning of the target day.
  • FIG. 2 shows the demand transition predicted by the demand prediction unit 11 and the power generation transition predicted by the power generation prediction unit 12.
  • the time transition of the demand power X1 on one day is the demand transition predicted by the demand prediction unit 11
  • the time transition of the generated power X2 on one day is the power generation transition predicted by the power generation prediction unit 12.
  • the demand power X1 increases in the morning when the consumer starts to operate. Thereafter, in the daytime, the demand power X1 fluctuates in accordance with the use state of the load 6. Then, the demand power X1 increases again in the evening, for example, due to the preparation of dinner or the use of the load 6 by the returning customer. Thereafter, the demand power X1 decreases.
  • the generated power X2 increases from time t1 (around sunrise time) which is the operation start time of the power conditioner 32 in the case of weather where the amount of solar radiation is sufficiently ensured. Then, in the daytime, the generated power X2 decreases after reaching a maximum value around time t2, which is the south-middle time. And generated electric power X2 becomes 0 after time t3 (near sunset time) which is operation stop time of power conditioner 32.
  • FIG. 3A shows storage battery control performed on the demand power X1 and the generated power X2, and shows storage battery control different from the present embodiment.
  • the electric energy which can be discharged by the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 may be called dischargeable amount.
  • the amount of power that can be charged in a portion obtained by subtracting (subtracting) the remaining capacity from the maximum battery capacity of the storage battery 41 may be called a chargeable amount.
  • the maximum battery capacity is the battery capacity of the storage battery 41 in consideration of the deterioration of the storage battery 41.
  • the maximum battery capacity is a rated capacity in an initial state in which the use of the storage battery 41 is started. The maximum battery capacity then decreases from the rated capacity in accordance with the degree of deterioration of the storage battery 41.
  • the dischargeable amount may be further limited by other conditions (conditions different from the charge state of the storage battery 41).
  • the chargeable amount may be further limited by other conditions (conditions different from the charge state of the storage battery 41).
  • the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 is small, and the dischargeable amount is “0”.
  • the generated power X2 is supplied, and the generated power X2 is preferentially used for the demand power X1 (area A102 in FIG. 3A).
  • the remainder obtained by subtracting the generated power X2 from the required power X1 is the insufficient power, and this insufficient power is covered by the commercial power (area A101 in FIG. 3A) .
  • demand electric power X1 is covered only with generated electric power X2 from time t11 whose generated electric power X2 is more than demand electric power X1 to time t13. From time t11 to time t13, the remainder obtained by subtracting the demand power X1 from the generated power X2 is surplus power, and the surplus power is preferentially used for charging power of the storage battery 41 (area A103 in FIG. 3A). Then, at time t12, the storage battery 41 reaches a fully charged state. After time t12, the surplus power is reversely flowed to the power system 7 and sold to the power company (area A104 in FIG. 3A).
  • the generated power X2 falls below the required power X1.
  • the remainder obtained by subtracting the generated power X2 from the required power X1 is the insufficient power, and the insufficient power is covered by the discharged power of the storage battery 41 (area A105 in FIG. 3A).
  • the dischargeable amount of the storage battery 41 decreases to "0", and thereafter, the insufficient power is covered by the commercial power (area A106 in FIG. 3A).
  • FIG. 3B shows equivalent demand Y100 when the storage battery control of FIG. 3A is performed.
  • the equivalent demand Y100 corresponds to the power flowing from the power system 7 into the building (purchasing power) and the power flowing out of the building into the power system 7 (selling power).
  • equivalent demand Y100 shown by FIG. 3B is equivalent demand when storage battery control different from the present embodiment is performed.
  • the peak of electric power sale electric power (reverse flow electric power) is large, and the electric power grid
  • the unstable state of the power system 7 is a large fluctuation range of the grid voltage and frequency of the commercial power supplied from the commercial power supply 8 through the power system 7, and the supply and demand balance of the commercial power is broken. .
  • the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 is small, and the dischargeable amount is “0”.
  • the generated power X2 is supplied, and the generated power X2 is preferentially used for the demand power X1 (area A2 in FIG. 4A).
  • the remainder obtained by subtracting the generated power X2 from the required power X1 is the insufficient power, and this insufficient power is covered by the commercial power (area A1 in FIG. 4A) .
  • demand electric power X1 is covered only with generated electric power X2 from time t11 whose generated electric power X2 is more than demand electric power X1 to time t13. From time t11 to time t13, surplus power, which is the remaining power obtained by subtracting the required power X1 from the generated power X2, is generated. The period in which the surplus power is generated is called a surplus power period T1. Then, rate determination unit 14 sets a charging period T11 for charging storage battery 41 so as to suppress reverse flow power within power surplus period T1.
  • the charging period T11 includes the peak of the surplus power. That is, charging period T11 includes the time when the reverse flow of electric power is a peak when the entire amount of surplus power is reversely flowed to electric power system 7.
  • the rate determination unit 14 is a determination unit that determines a target charge rate or a target discharge rate.
  • the target charge rate is a target charge rate that matches or approximates the charge rate of the storage battery 41.
  • the target discharge rate is a target discharge rate that matches or approximates the discharge rate of the storage battery 41.
  • the rate determination unit 14 sets the charging period T11, and determines the target charging rate based on the set charging period T11 and the like.
  • the charging period T11 may be the power surplus period T1 or a part of the power surplus period T1.
  • the rate determination unit 14 determines whether surplus power is generated for each unit time, for example, by comparing the average value per unit time of the demand power X1 and the generated power X2 with each other, and the power The surplus period T1 is determined.
  • the power surplus period T1 may be set to a plurality of fine periods due to the instantaneous fluctuation of the demand power X1 or the generated power X2.
  • the unit time may be set to, for example, about one hour.
  • the storage status prediction unit 13 is a predictor that predicts the chargeable amount and the dischargeable amount.
  • the chargeable amount is the amount of power that can be charged by the storage battery 41 in the charging period T11, and is the amount of power depending on the charging state of the storage battery 41 at time t11 that is the start time (start timing) of the charging period T11.
  • the dischargeable amount is the amount of power that can be discharged by the storage battery 41 in the discharge period T21, and is the amount of power depending on the charge state of the storage battery 41 at time t15 that is the start time (start timing) of the discharge period T21. is there.
  • the state of charge of the storage battery 41 may be the remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 or the ratio of the remaining capacity to the maximum battery capacity of the storage battery 41.
  • the ratio of the remaining capacity to the maximum battery capacity of the storage battery 41 is also called SOC.
  • the planned charging amount of power scheduled as the amount of power charged by the storage battery 41 in the charging period T11 may be the chargeable amount predicted by the storage state prediction unit 13. Note that the planned charging power amount may be part or all of the surplus power amount in the charging period T11.
  • the storage state prediction unit 13 holds data such as the maximum battery capacity of the storage battery 41 in advance. Further, the storage state prediction unit 13 acquires data of the current remaining capacity of the storage battery 41 from the power conditioner 42 via the communication unit 17. Then, based on the remaining capacity of storage battery 41, the maximum battery capacity of storage battery 41, the predicted result of demand power X1, and the predicted result of generated power X2, storage state prediction unit 13 determines the start time of charging period T11 (time The chargeable amount depending on the state of charge at t11) is predicted.
  • the communication unit 17 is a communication device that performs communication. Specifically, the communication unit 17 communicates with the power conditioner 42 in a wired or wireless manner. Further, the communication unit 17 acquires the current remaining capacity data of the storage battery 41 and the like from the power conditioner 42.
  • the rate determination unit 14 suppresses the peak of reverse flow power by determining the target charging rate in the charging period T11 so that the charging power of the storage battery 41 is averaged in the charging period T11.
  • the rate determination unit 14 divides the chargeable amount based on the charge state at the start time (time t11) of the charge period T11 by the time length of the charge period T11 to obtain the target charge rate in the charge period T11. To derive. Thus, the rate determination unit 14 derives a target charging rate of a constant value in the entire charging period T11.
  • the rate determining unit 14 transmits the data of the derived target charging rate to the power conditioner 42 via the communication unit 17. Specifically, the rate determination unit 14 transmits the data of the derived target charge rate to the power conditioner 42 from the start time (time t11) of the charge period T11 to the end time (time t13) of the charge period T11. Send regularly through.
  • rate determining unit 14 instructs power conditioner 42 to set a target charging rate of a constant value from time t11 to time t13.
  • Power conditioner 42 charges storage battery 41 based on the target charge rate instructed from rate determination unit 14.
  • the charge rate for charging storage battery 41 is It is substantially lower than the indicated target charge rate. Further, in the period from time t111 to time t131, since the surplus power is sufficiently large, the charging rate for charging the storage battery 41 becomes the instructed constant target charging rate.
  • the storage battery 41 is substantially fully charged at the end time of the charging period T11 (time t13) due to the charging in the charging period T11.
  • the surplus power corresponds to the charging power charged by the storage battery 41 (region A3 in FIG. 4A) and the reverse flow power sold (region A4 in FIG. 4A). It is used for both. Then, charging is performed according to the target charging rate determined by the rate determining unit 14 over the entire period of the power surplus period T1. Therefore, the reverse flow power is suppressed over the entire power surplus period T1.
  • FIG. 4B shows equivalent demand Y1 when the storage battery control of FIG. 4A is performed.
  • the peak of the power sale power (reverse flow power) becomes smaller than the equivalent demand Y100, and the peak of the power sale power is suppressed.
  • the peak of the power sale power is suppressed to the upper limit target value K1 or less.
  • the upper limit target value K1 is an index determined so that the power system 7 does not become unstable, and indicates a standard for suppressing an excessive increase in the peak of the sold power.
  • the upper limit target value K1 is a value designated at any time by a demand response signal (hereinafter referred to as a DR signal) transmitted from a power company or an aggregator.
  • the upper limit target value K1 may be a fixed value predetermined by a power company or an aggregator.
  • the storage battery control device 1 can suppress the peak of selling power (reverse flow power) when the surplus power of the solar power generation device 3 is reversely flowed. It can contribute to stabilization.
  • the generated power X2 decreases until it becomes equal to the required power X1. Then, after time t13, the remainder obtained by subtracting the generated power X2 from the required power X1 is the insufficient power, and the insufficient power is covered by the discharged power of the storage battery 41 and the commercial power.
  • equivalent demand Y100 shown in FIG. 3B the peak of purchased power (commercial power supplied to load 6) is large, and power system 7 may become unstable.
  • Rate determining unit 14 defines a period including a period in which commercial power (Y200 in FIG. 4B) supplied to load 6 exceeds upper limit target value K2 as discharge period T21 when all the insufficient power is supplied by commercial power.
  • the discharge period T21 includes a period in which the commercial power supplied to the load 6 exceeds the upper limit target value K2 when the discharge power of the storage battery 41 is not supplied to the load 6.
  • the discharge period T21 includes the time when the commercial power supplied to the load 6 is a peak when the discharge power of the storage battery 41 is not supplied to the load 6.
  • the commercial power supplied to the load 6 is the upper limit target value when all the insufficient power is supplied by the commercial power, that is, when the discharged power of the storage battery 41 is not supplied to the load 6. It may be a period exceeding K2.
  • the upper limit target value K2 is an index determined to prevent the power system 7 from becoming unstable, and indicates a standard for suppressing an excessive increase in the peak of purchased power.
  • the upper limit target value K2 is a value designated at any time by a DR signal transmitted from a power company or an aggregator.
  • the upper limit target value K2 may be a fixed value predetermined by a power company or an aggregator.
  • the rate determination unit 14 determines the target discharge rate in the discharge period T21 so that the discharge power of the storage battery 41 is averaged in the discharge period T21. Suppress the peak of).
  • the rate determination unit 14 divides the dischargeable amount based on the charge state at the start time (time t15) of the discharge period T21 by the time length of the discharge period T21 to obtain the target discharge rate in the discharge period T21. To derive.
  • the rate determination unit 14 transmits the data of the derived target discharge rate to the power conditioner 42 via the communication unit 17. Specifically, the rate determination unit 14 sends the data of the target discharge rate derived to the communication unit 17 from the start time (time t15) of the discharge period T21 to the end time (time t16) of the discharge period T21. Send regularly through.
  • the rate determination unit 14 instructs the power conditioner 42 on the target discharge rate during the period from time t15 to time t16.
  • Power conditioner 42 discharges storage battery 41 at the target discharge rate instructed from rate determination unit 14.
  • the peak of purchased power (commercial power supplied to the load 6) becomes smaller than equivalent demand Y100, and the peak of purchased power is suppressed.
  • the peak of purchased power is suppressed to the upper limit target value K2 or less.
  • the storage battery control device 1 can suppress the peak of purchased power (commercial power supplied to the load 6) when the insufficient power is covered by the commercial power. It can contribute to stabilization.
  • the storage battery control device 1 described above is used in a power distribution system that performs a power supply operation of supplying power to the load 6 from each of the power system 7 (commercial power supply 8), the distributed power supply (such as the solar power generation device 3), and the storage device 4 Be
  • the power distribution system includes a charging operation for charging the storage battery 41 of the storage device 4 with the generated power of the distributed power supply, and the power generated by the distributed power supply that is not charged by the storage battery 41 and not consumed by the load 6. Perform reverse flow operation to reverse flow.
  • the rate determination unit 14 determines surplus power obtained by removing demand power from generated power within a predetermined period based on the demand transition predicted by the demand prediction unit 11 and the power generation transition predicted by the power generation prediction unit 12. Is set as the charging period T11 in which the charging operation is performed.
  • rate determining unit 14 determines a target charging rate based on the scheduled charging power amount scheduled as the amount of power charged by storage battery 41 in charging period T11 and the time length of charging period T11. Specifically, rate determining unit 14 determines a charging rate for charging storage battery 41 over the charging period T11 as a target charging rate in charging period T11.
  • storage battery control device 1 can perform control of charge to storage battery 41 over a suitable period. Specifically, the storage battery control device 1 can suppress the peak of reverse flow power by charging the storage battery 41 in the charging period T11 including the time when the surplus power is at the peak. That is, when selling surplus power of the distributed power supply, the storage battery control device 1 can suppress the peak of the selling power (reverse flow power), and can contribute to the stabilization of the power system 7.
  • the storage battery control device 1 is further configured to estimate a chargeable amount which is an amount of power chargeable by the storage battery 41 in the charging period T11 and an amount of power depending on a charging state of the storage battery 41 at the start timing of the charging period T11.
  • the situation prediction unit 13 may be provided.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set the chargeable amount as the scheduled charge amount.
  • the target charge rate is determined based on the chargeable amount. Therefore, storage battery control device 1 can continue charging appropriately until the end timing of charging period T11 based on the chargeable amount.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target charge rate as a constant value over the charge period T11.
  • the target charge rate is set to a constant value over the charge period T11. Therefore, charging control is simplified.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target charging rate by dividing the planned charging amount by the time length of the charging period T11.
  • storage battery control device 1 can average the power charged by storage battery 41 in charging period T11 including the time when the surplus power is at the peak.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set a power surplus period T1 in which the generated power exceeds the demand power as the charging period T11.
  • the storage battery control device 1 described above performs a discharging operation for discharging the storage battery 41 included in the storage device 4 and a feeding operation for supplying power to the load 6 from each of the power system 7 (commercial power supply 8) and the storage device 4 Used in power distribution systems. Then, the storage battery control device 1 includes a demand prediction unit 11, a storage state prediction unit 13, and a rate determination unit 14.
  • the demand prediction unit 11 predicts a demand transition which is a temporal transition of demand power consumed by the load 6 and which is a temporal transition in a predetermined period (for example, one day).
  • the storage state prediction unit 13 predicts a dischargeable amount that is an amount of power that can be discharged by the storage battery 41 during the discharge period T21 in which the discharge operation is performed and that depends on the charge state of the storage battery 41 at the start timing of the discharge period T21. Do.
  • the rate determination unit 14 determines a target discharge rate for causing the discharge rate of the storage battery 41 to match or approach (match or approach) the target discharge rate.
  • the rate determination unit 14 sets the discharge period T21 based on the demand transition predicted by the demand prediction unit 11. Specifically, rate determining unit 14 determines that the time when the power supplied from power system 7 to load 6 is peak when it is assumed that power is not supplied from power storage device 4 to load 6 during a predetermined period. A period including is set as the discharge period T21.
  • the rate determination unit 14 determines a target discharge rate based on the dischargeable amount predicted by the storage state prediction unit 13 for the discharge period T21 and the time length of the discharge period T21. Specifically, rate determining unit 14 determines a discharge rate for discharging storage battery 41 over discharge period T21 as a target discharge rate in discharge period T21.
  • storage battery control device 1 can perform control of discharge to storage battery 41 over an appropriate period. Specifically, the storage battery control device 1 can discharge the storage battery 41 over the discharge period T21 including the time when the commercial power supplied to the load 6 is peak when the discharge is not performed. That is, the storage battery control device 1 can suppress the peak of purchased power and can contribute to the stabilization of the power system 7.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target discharge rate as a constant value over the discharge period T21.
  • the target discharge rate is set to a constant value over the discharge period T21. Therefore, discharge control is simplified.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target discharge rate by dividing the dischargeable amount by the time length of the discharge period T21.
  • storage battery control device 1 can average the power discharged by storage battery 41 in discharge period T21 including the time when commercial power supplied to load 6 is at a peak when discharge is not performed.
  • the storage battery control device 1 may further include a power generation prediction unit 12 that predicts a power generation transition that is a time transition of a generated power of the distributed power supply and that is a time transition in a predetermined period.
  • Rate determination unit 14 sets discharge period T21 within the power shortage period in which the generated power falls below demand power based on the demand transition predicted by demand prediction unit 11 and the power generation transition predicted by power generation prediction unit 12 You may
  • a discharge period T21 is set that includes the time when commercial power supplied to the load 6 is at a peak when discharge is not performed. Therefore, storage battery control device 1 can appropriately suppress the peak of commercial power by discharged power.
  • rate determination unit 14 sets, as discharge period T21, a period in which the power supplied from power system 7 to load 6 exceeds upper limit target value K2 when it is assumed that power is not supplied from power storage device 4 to load 6. You may
  • the storage battery control device 1 reduces the commercial power supplied to the load 6 and brings the peak of the commercial power supplied to the load 6 closer to the upper limit target value K2, or the commercial power supplied to the load 6 Can be suppressed to the upper limit target value K2 or less.
  • the distributed power supply in the above-mentioned distribution system may be the solar power generation device 3 which generates electric power by sunlight.
  • the storage battery control device 1 charges the storage battery 41 using the surplus power of the solar power generation device 3 and discharges the storage battery 41 at night when the solar power generation device 3 does not generate power. And, the peak of the commercial power supplied to the load 6 can be suppressed.
  • the rate determining unit 14 may determine the charging period T12 within the power surplus period T1 as shown in FIG. Specifically, rate determination unit 14 sets, as charging period T12, a period in which power Y300 (power sale power) reversely flowing when the entire amount of surplus power is reversely transmitted to power system 7 exceeds the upper limit target value K1. Do. Also in this case, the charging period T12 includes the time when the power Y300 reversely flowing when the total amount of surplus power is reversely flowed to the power system 7 is a peak.
  • the rate determination unit 14 derives a target charge rate in the charge period T12 by dividing the chargeable amount based on the charge state at the start time of the charge period T12 by the time length of the charge period T12.
  • the target charging rate derived by the rate determining unit 14 is constant throughout the charging period T12.
  • the storage battery control device 1 can reduce the peak of the selling power (reverse flow power) in the direction approaching the upper limit target value K1. That is, the storage battery control device 1 can bring the peak of the power sale power closer to the upper limit target value K1, or can suppress the peak of the power sale power to the upper limit target value K1 or less.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set, as the charging period T12, a period in which the power reversely flowing when the surplus power is reversely flowed to the power system 7 exceeds the upper limit target value K1.
  • FIG. 6 shows the entire configuration of the power distribution system according to the present embodiment. It is assumed that storage battery 41 of the present embodiment is in a state where the chargeable amount is sufficiently secured. The state in which the chargeable amount is sufficiently ensured is a state in which the amount of chargeable power is large because the remaining capacity of storage battery 41 is small or the rated capacity of storage battery 41 is large.
  • the storage battery control apparatus 1A of the present embodiment does not include the storage state prediction unit 13 as compared with the storage battery control apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. Further, the rate determination unit 14 of the storage battery control device 1A differs from the first embodiment in that the surplus power amount obtained by integrating the surplus power over the charging period is used as the scheduled charging power amount. That is, in the present embodiment, the planned charging power amount is the surplus power amount obtained by integrating the surplus power over the charging period.
  • the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the rate determination unit 14 sets a power surplus period T1 in which the surplus power Y400 is generated as a charging period T13. And the rate determination part 14 uses the surplus electric energy (area A11 in FIG. 7) which is an integrated value of surplus electric power Y400 in the whole period of charge period T13 as electric charge planned electric energy. That is, the rate determination unit 14 derives the target charging rate in the charging period T13 by dividing the surplus power amount by the time length of the charging period T13. The target charge rate derived by the rate determination unit 14 is constant throughout the charging period T13.
  • the rate determination unit 14 instructs the power conditioner 42 on the target charging rate of the charging period T13.
  • Power conditioner 42 charges storage battery 41 based on the target charge rate instructed from rate determination unit 14.
  • the charging rate for charging the storage battery 41 is higher than the instructed target charging rate Is also substantially lower.
  • surplus power Y400 is sufficiently large, charging at a designated constant target charging rate is possible.
  • surplus power Y400 is larger than the target charging rate. Therefore, part of surplus power Y400 is used as reverse flow power without being charged.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set the surplus power amount obtained by integrating the surplus power over the charging period T13 as the scheduled charging power amount.
  • the charge rate is set based on the amount of surplus power. Therefore, storage battery control apparatus 1A can appropriately continue charging until the end timing of charging period T13 based on the surplus power amount.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target charge rate as a constant value over the charge period T13.
  • the target charge rate is set to a constant value over the charge period T13. Therefore, charging control is simplified.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the target charging rate by dividing the planned charging amount by the time length of the charging period T13.
  • storage battery control apparatus 1A can average the power charged by storage battery 41 in charging period T13 including the time when the surplus power is at the peak.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set the power surplus period T1 in which the generated power exceeds the demand power as the charging period T13.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may determine the charging period T14 within the power surplus period T1. Specifically, rate determining unit 14 sets a period during which surplus power Y400 exceeds threshold value K11 as charging period T14. Also in this case, the charging period T14 includes the time when the reverse flow of electric power is a peak when the entire surplus power Y400 is reversely flowed to the electric power system 7.
  • rate determining unit 14 uses the surplus power amount (area A12 in FIG. 8), which is the integrated value of surplus power Y400 in charging period T14, as the planned charging amount, and uses the surplus power amount as the time length of charging period T14.
  • the target charging rate in the charging period T14 is derived by dividing by.
  • the target charging rate derived by the rate determining unit 14 is constant throughout the charging period T14.
  • the rate determination unit 14 may set, as the charging period T14, a period in which the surplus power exceeds the threshold K11 in the power surplus period T1 in which the generated power exceeds the demand power.
  • the maximum charge rate that can charge rechargeable battery 41 and the maximum discharge rate that can be discharged from rechargeable battery 41 are determined by the specifications and performance of storage battery 41 and power conditioner 42.
  • rate determiner 14 when the target charge rate derived by rate determiner 14 exceeds the maximum charge rate, rate determiner 14 instructs power conditioner 42 to finally designate the maximum charge rate. It may be determined as a target charging rate. Further, in the above-described first and second embodiments, when the target discharge rate derived by rate determining unit 14 exceeds the maximum discharge rate, rate determining unit 14 instructs power conditioner 42 to finally indicate the maximum discharge rate. It may be determined as a target discharge rate.
  • the minimum charge rate that can charge rechargeable battery 41 and the minimum discharge rate that can be discharged from storage battery 41 may be determined.
  • rate determiner 14 when the target charge rate derived by rate determiner 14 is less than the minimum charge rate, rate determiner 14 instructs power conditioner 42 to give a minimum charge rate. It may be determined as a typical target charge rate. Further, in the above-described first and second embodiments, when the target discharge rate derived by rate determining unit 14 falls below the minimum discharge rate, rate determining unit 14 instructs power conditioner 42 to finally indicate the minimum discharge rate. It may be determined as a target discharge rate.
  • the storage battery control devices 1 and 1A may be equipped with a computer.
  • the functions of the above-described storage battery control devices 1 and 1A (in particular, the functions of the demand prediction unit 11, the power generation prediction unit 12, the power storage condition prediction unit 13 and the rate determination unit 14) are realized.
  • this computer mainly includes a device provided with a processor for executing a program, a device for an interface for exchanging data with another device, and a device for storing data. It has as a component.
  • the device provided with the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or a micro processing unit (MPU) that is separate from the semiconductor memory, or may be a microcomputer integrally provided with the semiconductor memory.
  • the storage device may be a combination of a storage device having a short access time, such as a semiconductor memory, and a large-capacity storage device, such as a hard disk drive.
  • a form readable in a computer readable ROM Read Only Memory
  • a form stored in advance in a recording medium such as an optical disc
  • the program causes the computer to function as the storage battery control device 1 or 1A.
  • a program that causes a computer to function as storage battery control device 1 or 1A can also achieve the same effect as described above. That is, this program can perform control such as charging or discharging of the storage battery 41 for an appropriate period.
  • Photovoltaic generator distributed power supply

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de commande de pile rechargeable (1) qui est pourvu des unités suivantes : une unité de prédiction de demande (11) qui prédit une variation de demande qui est la variation temporelle d'une puissance appelée, consommée par une charge (6), et qui est la variation temporelle dans une période prescrite ; une unité de prédiction de puissance générée (12) qui prédit une variation de puissance générée qui est la variation temporelle de la puissance générée par une source d'énergie distribuée (3) et qui est la variation temporelle dans une période prescrite ; une unité de détermination de régime (14) qui détermine un régime de charge cible. Sur la base de la variation de demande prédite par l'unité de prédiction de demande (11) et de la variation de puissance générée prédite par l'unité de prédiction de puissance générée (12), l'unité de détermination de régime (14) établit, comme période de charge dans laquelle une charge est effectuée, une période, parmi des périodes prescrites, qui comprend un moment auquel le surplus de puissance atteint un maximum, ce surplus de puissance étant la puissance restant après que la puissance appelée a été soustraite de la puissance générée. Sur la base d'une quantité d'énergie planifiée pour une charge, qui est planifiée à titre de quantité d'énergie devant être chargée par une pile rechargeable (41) dans une période de charge, et sur la base de la durée de la période de charge, l'unité de détermination de régime détermine, à titre de régime de charge cible dans la période de charge, un régime de charge pour charger la pile rechargeable (41) sur toute la période de charge.
PCT/JP2016/002122 2015-05-19 2016-04-21 Dispositif de commande de pile rechargeable WO2016185671A1 (fr)

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JP2014187876A (ja) * 2010-12-13 2014-10-02 Panasonic Corp 電力制御装置及びそれを用いた電力制御システム
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WO2020105019A3 (fr) * 2018-11-23 2020-08-27 Aurora's Grid Sàrl Procédé et système de gestion sensible au vieillissement de la charge et de la décharge de batteries aux ions de lithium
KR20210091969A (ko) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-23 주식회사트레디오 에너지저장관리시스템 및 이의 에너지 저장 능동 관리 방법
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