WO2016184138A1 - Procédé, terminal mobile et support de stockage informatique pour régler des paramètres audio - Google Patents

Procédé, terminal mobile et support de stockage informatique pour régler des paramètres audio Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016184138A1
WO2016184138A1 PCT/CN2016/070515 CN2016070515W WO2016184138A1 WO 2016184138 A1 WO2016184138 A1 WO 2016184138A1 CN 2016070515 W CN2016070515 W CN 2016070515W WO 2016184138 A1 WO2016184138 A1 WO 2016184138A1
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sound waves
sound
terminal
derived
wave
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PCT/CN2016/070515
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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蒋晓
孙淼
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016184138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016184138A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of terminal applications, and in particular, to a method for adjusting audio parameters, a mobile terminal, and a computer storage medium.
  • the existing speech optimization algorithms are concentrated in the terminal development stage, which are all professionally tested and adjusted by the research and development personnel according to the acoustic characteristics.
  • the multimedia sound post-processing adjustment provides the user with a small adjustable range, and can only provide quantitative equalization technology (EQ, EQualize) for adjustment. That is to say, the mobile terminal cannot adjust the acoustic parameters that have a great influence on the sound effect after leaving the factory, which results in the mobile terminal often failing to provide the optimal sound effect during the use process.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a method for adjusting audio parameters, a mobile terminal, and a computer storage medium, so as to implement adaptive adjustment of audio parameters by the mobile terminal, provide optimal sound effects, and improve user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for adjusting an audio parameter, including: playing an original sound wave; recording the sound wave detected to obtain N sound waves, wherein the sound wave is the original sound wave. a reflected wave, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; performing acoustic characteristics analysis on the N recorded sound waves to obtain an environmental influence program parameter and a terminal influence degree parameter; according to a preset strategy, using a corresponding influence degree parameter adjustment
  • the mobile terminal outputs audio parameters of the audio.
  • the recording the reflected reflected sound waves to obtain the N recorded sound waves includes: performing high-definition recording on the detected reflected sound waves to obtain the N recorded sound waves.
  • performing acoustic characteristic analysis on the N recorded sound waves to obtain an influence degree parameter includes: obtaining a degree of influence parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves; The attenuation sound waves of the N recorded sound waves obtain the influence program parameters of the terminal.
  • the obtaining the influence degree parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves includes: performing echo suppression on the N recorded sound waves to obtain N derived sound waves; N derived acoustic waves obtain an environmental acoustic characteristic index; compare the environmental acoustic characteristic index with an acoustic characteristic index of the original detected sound wave to obtain an influence degree parameter of the environment.
  • the obtaining the influence degree parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves includes: calculating a sound pressure value of the N derived sound waves; and based on the sound pressure value, Selecting one of the N derived sound waves as a base-derived sound wave; compensating the base-derived sound wave with the remaining N-1 derivative sound waves to obtain an environment-derived sound wave; performing acoustic analysis on the environment-derived sound wave, Obtaining the environmental acoustic characteristic index.
  • the obtaining the influence program parameters of the terminal based on the attenuated sound waves of the N recorded sound waves includes: extracting the attenuated sound waves included in the N recording files; and based on the N attenuation sound waves Obtaining a terminal acoustic characteristic index; The target is compared with the acoustic characteristic index of the original sound wave to obtain the influence degree parameter of the terminal.
  • the obtaining, according to the N attenuation sound waves, the terminal acoustic characteristic index comprising: calculating a sound pressure value of the N attenuation sound waves; and selecting, according to the sound pressure value, the N attenuation sound waves An attenuating acoustic wave is used as a base to attenuate the acoustic wave; the remaining attenuated acoustic wave is used to compensate the basic attenuated acoustic wave to obtain a terminal attenuated acoustic wave; and the terminal attenuated acoustic wave is acoustically analyzed to obtain the terminal acoustic characteristic index.
  • the adjusting, according to the preset policy, the audio parameter of the output audio of the mobile terminal by using the corresponding influence degree parameter includes: when the mobile terminal is currently running a multimedia play application, adopting the environmental impact degree The parameter and the terminal influence degree parameter adjust the audio parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running a recording and playing application, the audio parameter is adjusted by using the environmental impact degree parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running In the voice call application, the audio parameter is adjusted by using the terminal influence degree parameter.
  • the audio parameter includes at least one of the following parameters: a gain of a parameter filter, a cutoff frequency point (Fh), a quality factor (Q), a noise suppression (VAD) parameter, and an analog gain. (Analog-Gain) and digital gain (Digital-Gain).
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a mobile terminal, including: a playback component, a radio component, and a processor; wherein the playback component is configured to play an original sound wave; the sound component is configured to detect a reflection The sound wave is recorded to obtain N recorded sound waves, wherein the detected reflected sound wave is a reflected wave of the original detected sound wave, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and the processor is configured to record the N sound waves Perform acoustic characteristic analysis to obtain the environmental impact program parameters and the influence degree parameters of the terminal; according to the preset strategy, adjust the audio parameters of the output audio of the mobile terminal by using the corresponding influence degree parameter.
  • the sound receiving component is configured to perform high-definition recording on the detected reflected sound waves to obtain the N recorded sound waves.
  • the processor is configured to obtain an influence degree parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves; and obtain an influence of the terminal based on the attenuated sound waves of the N recorded sound waves Program parameters.
  • the processor is configured to perform echo suppression on the N recorded sound waves to obtain N derived sound waves; obtain an environmental acoustic feature index based on the N derived sound waves; and the ambient acoustic characteristics The indicator is compared with the acoustic characteristic index of the original sound wave to obtain the influence degree parameter of the environment.
  • the processor is configured to calculate a sound pressure value of the N derived sound waves; and select a derived sound wave from the N derived sound waves as a base-derived sound wave based on the sound pressure value; The remaining N-1 derived acoustic waves compensate the basic derived acoustic wave to obtain an environmentally derived acoustic wave; and acoustically analyzing the environmentally derived acoustic wave to obtain the environmental acoustic characteristic index.
  • the processor is configured to extract the attenuated sound waves included in the N recording files; obtain a terminal acoustic feature index based on the N attenuated sound waves; and use the terminal acoustic feature indicator to The acoustic characteristic indexes of the original detected sound waves are compared to obtain the influence degree parameter of the terminal.
  • the processor is configured to calculate a sound pressure value of the N attenuated sound waves; and select an attenuated sound wave from the N attenuated sound waves as a base attenuation sound wave based on the sound pressure value; The remaining N-1 attenuating sound waves compensate the basic attenuating sound wave to obtain a terminal attenuating sound wave; and acoustically analyzing the terminal attenuating sound wave to obtain the terminal acoustic characteristic index.
  • the processor is configured to adjust the audio parameter by using the environmental impact degree parameter and the terminal influence degree parameter when the mobile terminal is currently running a multimedia play application; When the mobile terminal is currently running a recording and playing application, the audio parameter is adjusted by using the environmental impact degree parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running When the voice call application is used, the audio parameter is adjusted by using the terminal influence degree parameter.
  • the playing component is a speaker or a receiver; the sound collecting component is a microphone or an array of microphones.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are configured to perform the method for adjusting audio parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention. .
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for adjusting audio parameters, a mobile terminal, and a computer storage medium.
  • the mobile terminal plays the original detected sound wave, and the original detected sound wave propagates and reflects to form a detected reflected sound wave.
  • the mobile terminal records the detected reflected sound wave to obtain N recorded sound waves, and then performs acoustic characteristic analysis on the N recorded sound waves.
  • the audio parameter of the output audio of the mobile terminal is adjusted by using the corresponding influence degree parameter.
  • the influence degree parameters of the terminal and the influence degree parameters of the environment are respectively obtained, and then, according to different application scenarios, different influence program parameters are selected to perform audio parameters of the output audio of the terminal. Adjustment to achieve adaptive adjustment of audio parameters by the mobile terminal to provide optimal sound effects and enhance user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for adjusting an audio parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining an influence degree parameter of an environment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for obtaining a degree of influence parameter of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a mobile terminal, which can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a multimedia player, a smart watch, and the like.
  • the mobile terminal includes a playback component 11, a radio component 12, and a processor 2.
  • the playing component 11 can be a speaker (SPK, Speaker), or can be a receiver (RCV, Receiver), and the radio component 12 can be a microphone (MIC) or a MIC array.
  • the acoustic components (SPK/RCV/MIC) used herein may be conventional mainstream devices, or may be selected according to the requirements of detection accuracy. For example, a device with high power and large receiving/transmitting bandwidth may be used, which is not specifically limited in the present invention. .
  • the playing component 11 is used as a detecting output module
  • the sound collecting component 12 is used as a detecting receiving module.
  • a method for adaptively adjusting audio parameters provided by the mobile terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below.
  • the above method includes:
  • the mobile terminal controls the playing component to play the original sounding sound wave.
  • the triggering event may be performed by the user to enable the audio parameter optimization function, or may be reached for a preset detection period, or the mobile terminal is powered on, etc., of course, there may be other trigger events, which are not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the sound receiving component can receive at least one sound wave reflected in the propagation direction, and the sound wave is the sound wave detected. Record these detected reflected sound waves to obtain N recorded sound waves.
  • step S202 may include: performing high-definition recording on the detected reflected sound waves, and obtaining N recorded sound waves, that is, recording by using high-definition recording technology.
  • the sound collecting device may be a MIC array and set at different positions of the mobile terminal.
  • the processor preprocesses the detected reflected sound waves, such as suppressing noise, eliminating echoes, etc.; and also adopting high sampling rate (such as 48 kHz and above), large coded bits Deep (such as 24bits and above) lossless coding technology, so that the recording file can more realistically restore the sound field of the recording environment, and more accurately record the acoustic response information of the recording environment.
  • S203 Perform acoustic characteristic analysis on the N recorded sound waves to obtain the degree of influence parameters.
  • step S203 includes: obtaining an influence degree parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves; and obtaining the influence program parameters of the terminal based on the N attenuated sound waves.
  • the steps of obtaining the ambient influence degree parameter based on the N-sound sound wave-derived sound waves include:
  • S301 Perform echo suppression on the N recorded sound waves to obtain N derived sound waves.
  • the mobile terminal first performs echo suppression on the N recorded sound waves, removes the attenuated sound waves contained in the recorded sound waves, and obtains N clean derived sound waves.
  • S302 Obtain an environmental acoustic characteristic index based on the N derived acoustic waves.
  • step S302 may include: calculating a sound pressure value of the N derived sound waves; selecting a derived sound wave from the N derived sound waves as a base-derived sound wave based on the sound pressure value; using the remaining N - 1 derived acoustic wave compensates the underlying derived acoustic wave to obtain an environmentally derived acoustic wave; acoustically analyzing the environmentally derived acoustic wave to obtain an environmental acoustic characteristic index.
  • the mobile terminal obtains the sound pressure values of the derived sound waves by using the A weighting algorithm for the N derived sound waves, and the second step selects the sound pressure value from the derived sound waves to select the one with the highest sound pressure value.
  • the derived sound wave is used as the base-derived sound wave.
  • the remaining N-1 derivative sound waves are collected to obtain the environmental sound field parameters, and the basic derived sound waves are compensated to obtain the environment.
  • the fourth step acoustically analyzing the environmentally derived acoustic wave to obtain an environmental acoustic characteristic index
  • the environmental acoustic characteristic indicator includes but is not limited to: a frequency response (FR, Frequency Response) curve, and a noise output level ( The noise level and the sound pressure level (SPL), etc., of course, the ambient acoustic characteristic index may also be other indicators, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the step of acquiring the ambient sound field parameters of the remaining N-1 derived sound waves may include: first, performing gate function interception and fast Fourier transform (FFT, respectively) on the remaining N-1 derived sound waves.
  • FFT gate function interception and fast Fourier transform
  • the FR curve of each derived sound wave is obtained, and then these FR curves are processed by a sound pressure test algorithm to obtain ambient sound field parameters.
  • the ambient sound field parameters may be obtained in other manners, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal may perform acoustic feature analysis on the original probe sound wave as described above in advance or at the same time as step S302, obtain an acoustic feature index of the original probe sound wave, and then, after step S302, the ambient acoustics The characteristic index is compared with the acoustic characteristic index of the original detected sound wave, and the difference point of the index is found, and these difference points are the environmental influence degree parameter.
  • the environmental impact degree parameter is calculated, which characterizes the degree of influence of the environment on the audio parameters.
  • the foregoing steps of obtaining terminal influence program parameters based on N attenuated sound waves include:
  • S402 Obtain a terminal acoustic characteristic indicator based on the N attenuated sound waves.
  • step S402 may include: calculating sound pressure values of the N attenuated sound waves; Based on the sound pressure value, an attenuating sound wave is selected as the basic attenuating sound wave from the attenuated sound waves of the N recorded sound waves; the base attenuation sound wave is compensated by using the remaining N-1 attenuation sound waves to obtain the terminal attenuated sound wave; Acoustic analysis to obtain terminal acoustic characteristics.
  • the mobile terminal calculates the sound pressure value of the obtained N attenuated sound waves by the A weighting algorithm, and in the second step, the mobile terminal is from the N attenuation sound waves. Select a fading sound wave that satisfies the analysis requirements as the base attenuation sound wave.
  • the remaining N-1 damped sound waves are used to compensate the fundamental attenuation sound wave to obtain the terminal attenuation sound wave.
  • the fourth step is to perform acoustic analysis on the terminal attenuation sound wave.
  • the terminal acoustic characteristic index is obtained.
  • the terminal acoustic characteristic index includes but is not limited to: FR curve, Noise Level, SPL, etc., of course, other indicators may be used, and the present invention is not specifically limited.
  • the mobile terminal compares the acoustic characteristic index of the terminal with the acoustic characteristic index of the original detected sound wave, and finds the difference point of the indicator, and the difference point is the influence degree parameter of the terminal.
  • the influence degree parameter of the terminal is calculated, and the parameter characterizes the degree of influence of the terminal itself on the audio parameter.
  • S204 Adjust audio parameters of the output audio of the mobile terminal according to a preset policy by using a corresponding influence degree parameter.
  • the mobile terminal can select different influence degree parameters for different application scenarios to adjust the audio parameters of the output audio of the mobile terminal according to the preset policy.
  • the audio parameter includes and is not limited to at least one of the following parameters: a gain of a parameter filter, a cutoff frequency point (Fh), a quality factor (Q), a noise suppression (VAD) parameter, and an analog gain. (Analog-Gain) and digital gain (Digital-Gain).
  • the environmental impact process is adopted.
  • the audio parameter is adjusted by the degree parameter and the terminal influence degree parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running the recording and playing application, the audio parameter is adjusted by using the environmental influence degree parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running the voice call application, the terminal influence degree parameter adjustment is adopted. Audio parameters.
  • the FR curve, Noise Level, and SPL are used to adjust the above audio parameters of the mobile terminal.
  • the acoustic characteristics are also used to adjust other audio parameters of the mobile terminal, which are not specifically limited by the present invention.
  • the filter parameters of the playback channel or the downlink channel of the call are compensated.
  • we adjust the parameters of the parameter filter including modifying the gain value for the recess depth, according to the recessed position.
  • Setting Fh and setting the Q value according to the recessed bandwidth, and finally using the filter to compensate for the dent on the FR curve, can also compensate the EQ parameter (frequency domain) in the playback optimization algorithm in a targeted manner;
  • Noise Level to modify the VAD parameters in the call audio parameters, including but not limited to various noise detection thresholds, various parameters of the noise filter, etc.; modify the similar noise threshold in the playback optimization algorithm It can also improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the playback channel signal.
  • the Noise-Level value is increased, the VAD threshold needs to be raised, which can better suppress the noise, but inevitably, it will lose more useful signals, so the magnitude of the improvement is selected empirically.
  • a threshold value may be separately set for the environmental impact degree parameter and the terminal impact degree parameter, and when the environmental impact degree parameter and the terminal influence degree parameter are smaller than the corresponding threshold value, the method is adopted.
  • the corresponding influence degree parameter adjusts the audio parameter of the output audio of the mobile terminal.
  • the degree of influence of the terminal is obtained by analyzing the reflected reflected sound waves respectively.
  • Parameter and environment influence degree parameters and then, according to different application scenarios, different influence program parameters are selected to adjust the audio parameters of the output audio of the terminal, so that the mobile terminal adaptively adjusts the audio parameters to provide optimal sound effects. Improve the user experience.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are configured to perform the method for adjusting audio parameters according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a mobile terminal, which is consistent with the mobile terminal described in at least one embodiment.
  • the mobile terminal includes: a playing component 11 , a sound collecting component 12 , and a processor 2 ; wherein the playing component 11 is configured to play an original sounding sound wave; the sound collecting component 12 is configured to detect reflected sound waves Recording, obtaining N recorded sound waves, wherein the detected reflected sound waves are reflected waves of the original detected sound waves, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and the processor 2 is configured to perform acoustic characteristic analysis on the N recorded sound waves Obtaining the influence parameter of the environment and the influence degree parameter of the terminal; according to the preset strategy, adjusting the audio parameter of the output audio of the mobile terminal by using the corresponding influence degree parameter.
  • the sound receiving component 12 is configured to perform high-definition recording on the detected reflected sound waves to obtain N recorded sound waves.
  • the processor 3 is configured to obtain an influence degree parameter of the environment based on the derived sound waves of the N recorded sound waves; and obtain the influence program parameters of the terminal based on the attenuated sound waves of the N recorded sound waves.
  • the processor 2 is configured to perform echo suppression on the N recorded sound waves to obtain N derived sound waves; obtain an environmental acoustic characteristic index based on the N derived sound waves; and use the ambient acoustic characteristic indicator and the original detected sound wave The acoustic characteristics of the indicators are compared to obtain the environmental impact degree parameters.
  • the processor 2 is configured to calculate sound pressures of N derived sound waves Value; based on the sound pressure value, one of the N derived sound waves is selected as the base-derived sound wave; the remaining N-1 derived sound waves are used to compensate the base-derived sound wave to obtain the environmentally derived sound wave; and the environmentally derived sound wave is acoustically Analysis, obtaining environmental acoustic characteristics indicators.
  • the processor 2 is configured to extract the attenuated sound waves included in the N recording files; obtain the terminal acoustic feature indicators based on the N attenuated sound waves; and set the acoustic characteristics of the terminal and the acoustic characteristics of the original detected sound waves. Perform an alignment to obtain the influence degree parameter of the terminal.
  • the processor 2 is configured to calculate a sound pressure value of the N attenuated sound waves; and based on the sound pressure value, select one of the N attenuated sound waves as the base attenuation sound wave; and use the remaining N- One attenuation sound wave compensates the fundamental attenuation sound wave to obtain the terminal attenuation sound wave; the terminal attenuation sound wave is acoustically analyzed to obtain the terminal acoustic characteristic index.
  • the processor 2 is configured to adjust an audio parameter by using an environmental impact degree parameter and a terminal influence degree parameter when the mobile terminal is currently running a multimedia play application; when the mobile terminal is currently running a recording play application, When the environmental impact degree parameter is used to adjust the audio parameter; when the mobile terminal is currently running a voice call application, the terminal influence degree parameter is used to adjust the audio parameter.
  • the playing component 11 is a speaker or a receiver; the sound collecting component 12 is a microphone or an array of microphones.
  • the processor 2 in the mobile terminal may be a central processing unit (CPU, Central Signal Processor) and a digital signal processor (DSP) in the mobile terminal. Or a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation; the playback component 11 can be implemented by a speaker (SPK, Speaker), or a receiver (RCV, Receiver) in an actual application; the radio component in the mobile terminal 12 can be implemented in a practical application by a microphone (MIC), or a MIC array.
  • CPU Central Signal Processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the playback component 11 can be implemented by a speaker (SPK, Speaker), or a receiver (RCV, Receiver) in an actual application
  • the radio component in the mobile terminal 12 can be implemented in a practical application by a microphone (MIC), or a MIC array.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
  • the influence degree parameter of the terminal and the influence degree parameter of the environment are respectively obtained by analyzing the reflected sound wave of the detection, and then, according to different application scenarios, different influence program parameters are selected to perform audio parameters of the output audio of the terminal.
  • the adjustment realizes that the mobile terminal adaptively adjusts the audio parameters, provides the optimal sound effect, and improves the user experience.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract

Un procédé de réglage de paramètres audio décrit dans les modes de réalisation de la présente invention comprend les étapes consistant : à lire des ondes sonores de détection d'origine ; à enregistrer les ondes sonores de détection réfléchies pour obtenir un nombre N d'ondes sonores enregistrées, les ondes sonores de détection réfléchies étant les ondes réfléchies des ondes sonores de détection d'origine, et N étant un nombre entier positif supérieur ou égal à 1 ; à analyser le comportement acoustique d'un nombre N d'ondes sonores enregistrées pour obtenir un paramètre de degré d'effet du terminal et un paramètre de degré d'effet de l'environnement ; et à régler les paramètres audio de la sortie de fréquence audio du terminal mobile en adoptant les paramètres de degré d'effet correspondants selon une stratégie prédéterminée. Un terminal mobile et un support de stockage informatique sont également décrits dans les modes de réalisation de la présente invention.
PCT/CN2016/070515 2015-10-23 2016-01-08 Procédé, terminal mobile et support de stockage informatique pour régler des paramètres audio WO2016184138A1 (fr)

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CN113709619A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-26 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 音频处理方法、装置、用户终端及计算机可读介质

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