WO2016176817A1 - 扳手 - Google Patents

扳手 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016176817A1
WO2016176817A1 PCT/CN2015/078249 CN2015078249W WO2016176817A1 WO 2016176817 A1 WO2016176817 A1 WO 2016176817A1 CN 2015078249 W CN2015078249 W CN 2015078249W WO 2016176817 A1 WO2016176817 A1 WO 2016176817A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
workpiece
wrench
component
space
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/078249
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王暋
Original Assignee
杭州巨星工具有限公司
杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州巨星工具有限公司, 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 杭州巨星工具有限公司
Priority to CA2984969A priority Critical patent/CA2984969A1/en
Priority to EP15891069.5A priority patent/EP3292956B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/078249 priority patent/WO2016176817A1/zh
Priority to US15/565,205 priority patent/US10589404B2/en
Priority to AU2015394039A priority patent/AU2015394039A1/en
Priority to JP2017557453A priority patent/JP6647318B2/ja
Publication of WO2016176817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016176817A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/04—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of ring jaw type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/481—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating in areas having limited access
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0007—Connections or joints between tool parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hand tools, and more particularly to a wrench.
  • the movement of the hand in the direction of rotation has a certain limit and does not continue in one direction.
  • the rotation axis of the handle is coaxial with the main shaft.
  • it is used in the following way: First, turn the handle in a desired direction by hand (for example, tighten or loosen a screw), and then rotate the hand in the opposite direction to make the The tool is repositioned to go to the next loop.
  • the reverse rotation of the hand may be re-held after the handle is released, or a unidirectional device such as a ratchet mechanism may be provided in the tool, so that the spindle does not move when the handle is reversed, and Insert the tool away from the screw.
  • the second method is more convenient because it is not necessary to disengage the handle or to release the tool from the screw.
  • the design of the ratchet mechanism due to its own toothed structure inevitably brings the click of the wrench in use, which is considered unpleasant in the use of many users.
  • those skilled in the art are directed to developing a wrench that achieves a one-way transmission of the wrench to the mute of the workpiece.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wrench that realizes one-way transmission of the hand to the mute of the workpiece by providing a one-way transmission mechanism at the trigger portion of the wrench.
  • the present invention provides a wrench for pulling a workpiece, comprising a trigger portion and a grip portion, the grip portion extending and coupling with the trigger portion at an extending end thereof, characterized in that
  • the method further includes a one-way transmission mechanism including a roller, a first component, and a second component at least partially disposed in the first component; the first component is fixedly disposed on the a wrenching portion of the wrench, the second member is for engaging with the workpiece; a direction of a rotational moment from the trigger portion is a first direction and a second direction along a rotational axis of the first member;
  • the roller rests the second component relative to the first component to rotate the torque Outputting to the workpiece; for the other of the rotational moment of the first direction and the rotational moment of the second direction, the roller causes the second component relative to the first component Rotating without outputting the rotational torque to the work .
  • the first surface of the first component and the second surface of the second component are opposite to each other; the first surface is a smooth curved surface, and the second surface has a plurality of grooves, the plurality of The grooves are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; each of the grooves and the first surface it faces together define an active space of the roller; the roller being driven by the first member Moving from a first portion of the active space to a second portion of the active space or from the second portion to the first portion, the roller in the first portion is free to rotate, in the The two-part roller is sandwiched between the first component and the second component.
  • the second surface of the first component and the first surface of the second component are opposite to each other;
  • the first surface is a smooth curved surface, and the second surface has a plurality of grooves, the plurality of The grooves are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; each of the grooves and the first surface it faces together define an active space of the roller; the roller being driven by the first member Moving from a first portion of the active space to a second portion of the active space or from the second portion to the first portion, the roller in the first portion is free to rotate, in the The two-part roller is sandwiched between the first component and the second component.
  • the first surface is a cylindrical surface.
  • the roller is a ball, a roller or a needle.
  • the wrench further includes an elastic member disposed at the first portion, the elastic member extending in a direction from the first portion to the second portion and contacting the roller to cause the roller to be Sandwiched between the first component and the second component.
  • the grooves are evenly or unevenly distributed in a cross section perpendicular to the second surface of the axis of rotation.
  • the grooves are uniformly or unevenly distributed on a portion of the second surface perpendicular to the second surface of the rotating shaft close to the grip portion, and the number of the grooves is not less than 3.
  • the second component has a third surface for mating with the workpiece.
  • the second surface of the first component and the first surface of the second component are opposite each other; the first surface and the second surface are both smooth curved surfaces; the respective rollers are distributed in the Between the first surface and the second surface, any two adjacent rollers are connected by elastic members, and the elastic members extend in a direction from one of the rollers to the other a roller having a maximum width and a minimum width perpendicular to the axis of rotation, the maximum width being greater than a distance between the first surface and the second surface where the roller is located The minimum width is less than a distance between the first surface and the second surface where the roller is located; in the rotation of the roller driven by the first member, along the cross section thereof The angle between the axis of the maximum width direction and the normal to the first surface where it is located gradually increases or decreases.
  • first surface and the second surface are cylindrical surfaces.
  • the first surface of the first component and the second surface of the second component are opposite each other; the first surface is a smooth curved surface, and the second surface has a portion adjacent to the grip portion a groove, the groove and the first surface thereof facing together define an active space of the respective rollers; any two adjacent rollers are connected by elastic members, and the extending direction of the elastic members a roller from one of the rollers to the other; a section of the roller perpendicular to the axis of rotation having a maximum width and a minimum width, the maximum width being greater than the location of the roller a distance between the first surface and the second surface, the minimum width being less than a distance between the first surface and the second surface where the roller is located; driven by the first component In the rotation of the roller, the angle between the axis along the maximum width direction of the section thereof and the normal line of the first surface where it is located gradually increases or decreases.
  • the second surface of the first component and the first surface of the second component are opposite each other;
  • the first surface is a smooth curved surface, and the second surface has a portion adjacent to the grip portion a groove, the groove and the first surface thereof facing together define an active space of the respective rollers; any two adjacent rollers are connected by elastic members, and the extending direction of the elastic members a roller from one of the rollers to the other; a section of the roller perpendicular to the axis of rotation having a maximum width and a minimum width, the maximum width being greater than the location of the roller a distance between the first surface and the second surface, the minimum width being less than a distance between the first surface and the second surface where the roller is located; driven by the first component In the rotation of the roller, the angle between the axis along the maximum width direction of the section thereof and the normal line of the first surface where it is located gradually increases or decreases.
  • the first surface is a cylindrical surface.
  • the elastic member is in a pressed state, and the roller is sandwiched between the first member and the second member.
  • the second component has a third surface for mating with the workpiece.
  • the present invention also discloses a wrench for pulling a workpiece, comprising a trigger portion and a grip portion, the grip portion extending and coupling with the trigger portion at an extending end thereof, characterized in that it further comprises a one-way transmission mechanism including a roller, a first member, and a retainer at least partially disposed in the first member; the first member being fixedly disposed at a trigger portion of the wrench a retainer for receiving the roller and receiving the workpiece; a direction of a rotational moment from the trigger portion being a first direction and a second direction along a rotational axis of the first member;
  • the roller causes the workpiece to be stationary relative to the first member to output the rotational torque to one of the rotational moment of the first direction and the rotational moment of the second direction
  • the workpiece for the other of the rotational moment of the first direction and the rotational moment of the second direction, the roller rotates the workpiece relative to the first component without The rotational torque is output to the workpiece.
  • the first component is a smooth curved surface facing the first surface of the cage, and the cage is provided with a plurality of spaces spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the rotating axis, and each of the rollers is respectively The ground is housed in each of the spaces; the space has a first opening toward the first surface and a second opening toward the workpiece, the roller being in contact with the first surface through the first opening and Thereby being movable by the first member, the roller being in contact with the workpiece through the second opening; the space defined by the surface of the first surface and the workpiece being the roller therein a moving space of the child, the roller driven by the first component moves from a first portion of the active space to a second portion of the active space or from the second portion to the first portion, The roller of the first portion is free to rotate, and the roller at the second portion is sandwiched between the first member and the workpiece.
  • the wrench further includes an elastic member disposed at the first portion, the elastic member extending in a direction from the first portion to the second portion and contacting the roller to cause the roller to be Sandwiched between the first component and the workpiece.
  • the roller is a ball, a roller or a needle, and the width of the second opening is smaller than the diameter of the ball, the roller or the needle so that the roller does not leave the space.
  • the roller is a roller or a needle, at least one end of the roller or the needle has a protrusion; the holder further has a limiting structure, and the limiting structure makes the The roller does not leave the space, and the limiting structure is a sliding slot; the protrusion is embedded in the sliding slot.
  • the cage further has an elastic ram for resisting the workpiece.
  • the roller is a roller or a needle, the diameter of the middle of the roller or the needle is smaller than the diameter of the upper and lower portions thereof; and the retainer further has a limiting structure, the limit The bit structure causes the roller to not leave the space, and the limit structure is partially a U-shaped elastic piece; the middle portion of the roller or the needle is engaged with the U-shaped portion of the elastic piece, and the upper and lower portions of the roller or the needle are used to contact the first member and the workpiece.
  • the wrench further includes a retaining ring that abuts an end surface of the retainer to limit movement of the retainer in the direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the wrench further includes a retaining spring for engaging the retaining ring, the retaining spring cooperates with an annular groove provided in the triggering portion to prevent the retaining ring from being disengaged in the direction of the rotating shaft The triggering portion.
  • the wrench has two of the triggering portions, and the gripping portion is connected between the two pulling portions.
  • the structure of the various one-way transmission mechanisms that can be used for the wrench is provided. Since the one-way transmission mechanism applied to the wrench does not have a high-speed rotation requirement, the torque can reach the use requirement of the wrench, and thus the wrench of the present invention can be comparable to the prior art wrench. At the same time, the one-way transmission mechanism is kept silent during use and has the characteristics of bearing wear resistance.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the wrench of the present invention in a first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of a structure of a wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 shows a front view of the toggle shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view showing a second configuration of a wrench portion of the wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 6 is a front elevational view showing a third structure of a wrench portion of the wrench shown in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the structure shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view showing a fourth structure of a wrench portion of the wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevational view showing the structure of another wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of the toggle shown in Figure 9.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of the wrench of the present invention in a second embodiment.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the wrench shown in Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 is a front view of the wrench of the present invention in a third embodiment.
  • Figure 14 is a side view of the wrench shown in Figure 12.
  • Figure 15 is an exploded view showing a structure of the wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view of the second portion of the cage of the one-way transmission of the wrench shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 17 is a front elevational view of the second portion of the cage shown in Figure 16.
  • Figure 18 shows the design principle of the one-way transmission shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 19 shows a front view of the toggle shown in Figure 13 with the toggle idle.
  • Figure 20 shows a front view of the toggle shown in Figure 13, when the toggle is not turned.
  • Figure 21 shows a front view of the toggle shown in Figure 13 with the toggle rotating forward.
  • Figure 22 is a second configuration of the wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 23 is a third structure of the wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 13.
  • Figure 24 is a front elevational view of the wrench of the present invention in a fourth embodiment.
  • Figure 25 is an exploded view showing the structure of the wrench portion of the wrench shown in Figure 24.
  • Figure 26 is a front elevational view of the wrench of the present invention in a fifth embodiment.
  • Figure 27 is a side view of the wrench shown in Figure 26.
  • Figure 28 is an exploded view showing a structure of the wrench of the wrench shown in Figure 26.
  • Figure 29 shows a front view of the toggle shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 30 is a front elevational view showing the first portion of the second component of the one-way transmission of the toggle shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective view showing the second portion of the second member of the one-way transmission mechanism of the pulling portion shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 32 shows a side view of the roller of the one-way transmission of the toggle shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 33 is a perspective view showing the elastic member of the one-way transmission mechanism of the pulling portion shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 34 is a front elevational view showing another configuration of the wrench portion of the wrench shown in Figure 28.
  • Figure 35 is a side elevational view of the roller of the one-way transmission of the toggle shown in Figure 34.
  • Fig. 36 is a perspective view showing the elastic member of the one-way transmission mechanism of the pulling portion shown in Fig. 34.
  • the wrench of the present invention has two pulling portions, and the grip portion 1 Extending and coupling with two triggering portions at its two extended ends. Both of the triggering portions are provided with a one-way transmission mechanism.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of the trigger portion shown in Figures 3 and 4 includes a plurality of rollers such as rollers 112, a first member 110 and a second member 111.
  • the first component 110 is fixed to the triggering portion
  • the second component 111 is sleeved in the first component 110
  • the rotating shaft of the second component 111 and the first component 110 The axes of rotation are parallel, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 110, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 against the first member 110. Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is in the direction of the vertical paper in FIG. 4, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG. In the middle, the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • the first surface 110 of the first member 110 facing the second member 111 is a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface, and the second member 111
  • the second surface 1112 facing the first member 110 has a plurality of grooves, such as grooves 116.
  • the grooves are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first member 110, in this case they are distributed perpendicular to the second member. 111 on the circumference of the axis of rotation.
  • the second surface 1112 and the first surface 1101 are opposed to each other, and each groove together with the first surface 1101 facing it limits the movable space of one roller, such as an active space. 116.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion, such as the active space 116 having a first portion 116a and a second portion 116b.
  • Rollers in the active space such as rollers 112 due to the first surface 1101
  • the force of the force can be caused to move from the first part of the active space to the second part or from the second part to the first part.
  • the roller in the first part of its active space is free to rotate, and the roller in the second part is clamped in the first part Between 110 and the second part 111.
  • the roller sandwiched between the first member 110 and the second member 111 is deformed by the self-locking frictional force to form a lock, thereby causing the second member 111 Relative to the first member 110, the rotational torque from the trigger portion can be output to the workpiece through the one-way transmission mechanism; and the freely rotatable roller does not form a lock, and the second member 111 can be opposite to the first member 110 Rotation, whereby the rotational torque from the trigger cannot be output to the workpiece.
  • the roller in this embodiment is a ball, a roller or a needle, which is a rotating body, and may be cylindrical, spherical or stepped.
  • a laterally disposed elastic member is further disposed in the first portion of the movable space where each roller is located, The roller is in contact with the roller so that the roller is sandwiched between the first member 110 and the second member 111, such as the spring 115.
  • Lateral finger spring Extending from the first portion of the active space from which it is located to the second portion, that is, the direction of the restoring force is from the first portion to the second portion.
  • the second member 111 has a third surface 1111 for mating with the workpiece, as shown in Figure 4, which in this example is remote from the first member The surface of 110. In use, it is sleeved at the end of the workpiece such as a nut to drive the workpiece to rotate.
  • the rotational moment of the first member 110 as shown in Fig.
  • the roller is sandwiched between the first member 110 Between the second member 111 and the second member 111, the rotational torque from the first member 110 is transmitted to the second member 111, and the second member 111 drives the workpiece to rotate clockwise;
  • the rotational moment of the first member 110 is shown as the second direction, the roller is driven away from the first member 110 and the second member 111 by the first member 110, thereby failing to be from the first member.
  • the rotational torque of 110 is transmitted to the second member 111, and the workpiece does not rotate.
  • the retaining ring 113a, 113b and the retaining springs 114a, 114b and the retaining ring are further included.
  • 113a, 113b respectively interfere with one end surface of the second member 111 to restrain the second member 111 in the first member 110
  • the snap springs 114a, 114b are used to respectively abut the retaining ring 113a, 113b, which cooperate with an annular groove provided in the triggering portion (specifically, the first surface 1101 of the first member 110 in this embodiment), which is embedded in the corresponding annular groove to limit the retaining ring
  • the movement of the 113a, 113b and the second member 111 in the direction of the rotation axis thereby prevents the retaining rings 113a, 113b and the second member 111 from coming off the trigger portion in the direction of the rotation axis.
  • Figure 5 shows another configuration of the one-way transmission of the toggle, including a plurality of rollers, such as rollers 122, a first component 120 With the second part 121.
  • first component 120 is fixed to the triggering portion
  • second component 121 is sleeved in the first component 120
  • the rotating shaft of the second component 121 and the first component 120 The axes of rotation are parallel, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 120, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 against the first member 120. Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is inwardly in FIG. 5, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG. In the middle, the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • the second member 121 faces the first surface 1212 of the first member 120 as a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface, the first member 120
  • the second surface 1201 facing the second member 121 has a plurality of grooves, such as grooves 126.
  • the grooves are distributed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first member 120, in this case they are distributed perpendicular to the second member. 121 on the circumference of the axis of rotation.
  • the second surface 1201 and the first surface 1212 are opposed to each other, and each groove together with the first surface 1212 facing it limits the movable space of a roller, such as an active space. 126.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion, such as the active space 126 having a first portion 126a and a second portion 126b.
  • Rollers in the active space due to the first surface 1212
  • the force of the force can be caused to move from the first part of the active space to the second part or from the second part to the first part.
  • the roller in the first part of its active space is free to rotate, and the roller in the second part is clamped in the first part Between 120 and the second part 121.
  • the roller sandwiched between the first member 120 and the second member 121 is deformed by the frictional force of the self-locking to form a lock, thereby causing the second member 121 Relative to the first member 120, the rotational torque from the trigger portion can be output to the workpiece through the one-way transmission mechanism; and the freely rotatable roller does not form a lock, and the second member 121 can be opposite to the first member 120 is rotated, whereby the rotational torque from the trigger portion cannot be output to the workpiece.
  • the roller in this embodiment is a ball, a roller or a needle, which is a rotating body, and may be cylindrical, spherical or stepped.
  • a laterally disposed elastic member is further disposed in the first portion of the movable space where each roller is located, The roller is in contact with the roller so that the roller is sandwiched between the first member 120 and the second member 121, such as the spring 125.
  • Lateral finger spring Extending from the first portion of the active space from which it is located to the second portion, that is, the direction of the restoring force is from the first portion to the second portion.
  • the second member 121 has a third surface 1211 for mating with the workpiece, as shown in Figure 4, which in this example is remote from the first member The surface of 120. In use, it is sleeved at the end of the workpiece such as a nut to drive the workpiece to rotate.
  • the rotational moment of the first member 120 as shown in Fig.
  • the roller is sandwiched between the first member 120 Between the second member 121 and the second member 121, the rotational torque from the first member 120 is transmitted to the second member 121, and the second member 121 drives the workpiece to rotate clockwise;
  • the roller is disengaged from the first member 120 and the second member 121 by the first member 120, thereby failing to be from the first member 120.
  • the rotational torque is transmitted to the second member 121, and the workpiece does not rotate.
  • the groove on the surface of the first member or the second member is a U-shaped groove having sides on both sides of the bottom surface and the bottom surface.
  • the groove provided on the second surface 1301 of the first member 130 is V-shaped, which is also an operable structure.
  • the second component 131 such as a roller a plurality of rollers of 132, a first surface 1312 of the second member 131, and a third surface 1311 of the second member 131 for mating with the workpiece Both are the same as the previous example.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion, such as the active space 136 having a first portion 136a and a second portion 136b .
  • the first portion of the movable space in which the respective rollers are located is further provided with a laterally disposed elastic member which abuts the roller so that the roller is sandwiched between the first member 130 and the second member 131, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the U-shaped spring 135 is shown. The spring extends in a direction from the first portion of the active space to the second portion, i.e., the direction of the restoring force is from the first portion to the second portion.
  • Figure 8 shows a fourth configuration of the one-way transmission of the toggle, including a plurality of rollers, such as rollers 142, a first component 140 With the second part 141.
  • the first component 140 is fixed to the triggering portion
  • the second component 141 is sleeved in the first component 130
  • the rotating shaft of the second component 141 and the first component 140 The axes of rotation are parallel, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 140, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 against the first member 140. Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is inward of the vertical paper in FIG. 8, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG. In the middle, the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • the first surface 140 facing the first surface 1401 of the second member 141 is a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface; the second member The second surface 1412 facing the first member 140 is a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface.
  • the second surface 1412 and the first surface 1401 They are parallel to each other and their axes of symmetry are the axes of rotation of the second component 141 and the first component 140.
  • Each roller is distributed on the first surface 1401 and the second surface 1412 Between any two adjacent rollers is connected by elastic members (not shown), such as springs, which extend from one of the rollers to the other.
  • the roller is a shaped roller, as shown in Figure 8.
  • its cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation has a maximum width and a minimum width, wherein the maximum width is greater than the distance between the first surface 13401 and the second surface 1412, and the minimum width is smaller than the first surface 1401 The distance from the second surface 1412.
  • the spring between the rollers is in a squeezed state and the respective rollers are sandwiched between the first member 140 and the second member 141, specifically sandwiched Between the first surface 1401 and the second surface 1412.
  • the roller between the first surface 1401 and the second surface 1412 is subjected to the first surface 1401
  • the force of friction can be driven and rotated.
  • the rotation of the roller may be the axis along the maximum width direction of its section and the first surface 1401 where it is located
  • the angle between the normals (the one for the acute angle) is gradually increasing, or vice versa.
  • the second member 141 has a third surface 1311 for mating with the workpiece, as shown in Figure 8, which is away from the first member in this example.
  • the surface of 140 In use, it is sleeved at the end of the workpiece such as a nut to drive the workpiece to rotate.
  • the roller is replaced by the first member
  • the driving of 140 occurs in a direction in which the angle between the axis along the maximum width direction of the section thereof and the normal line of the first surface 1401 where it is located gradually increases, thereby being separated from the first surface 1401 and the second surface.
  • the clamping of 1412 cannot transmit the rotational torque from the first component 140 to the second component 141, and the workpiece does not rotate.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of the trigger portion shown in Figures 9 and 10 includes a plurality of rollers such as rollers 212, a first member 210 and a second member 211.
  • the first component 210 is fixed to the triggering portion
  • the second component 211 is sleeved in the first component 210
  • the second component 211 and the first component 210 The axes of rotation are parallel, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 210, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 to the first member 210. Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is inwardly facing the vertical paper in FIG. 9, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG. In the middle, the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • the structure of the one-way transmission shown in Figures 9 and 10 is similar to the structure shown in Figure 5, with the difference being that Figures 9 and 10
  • a plurality of slots, such as slots 216, on the second surface 2101 of the first component 210 of the illustrated one-way transmission are only distributed over a second surface 2101 that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first component 210.
  • the cross section is close to the portion of the grip 1, in this case distributed over a portion of the circumference, in particular the portion proximate the grip 1.
  • the number of slots is preferably 3 One.
  • the structure and operation of the second component 211 of the one-way transmission mechanism, the first component 210, the plurality of rollers such as the roller 212, and the plurality of elastic members such as the spring 215 are the same as those of FIG.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism shown is the same and will not be described here.
  • the trigger portion further includes a retaining spring 213a, 213b and fixing plates 214a, 214b, and a circlip 113a, 113b respectively interfere with one end surface of the second member 211 and with the second surface 2101 disposed on the first member 210
  • the upper annular groove fits into the corresponding annular groove to restrict the movement of the second member 211 in the direction of the rotation axis; on the outside of the circlips 113a, 113b, the plate members 214a, 214b are fixed They are respectively fixed on the pulling portion, and as shown in Fig. 10, the fixed plate members 214a, 214b and the screw holes of the pulling portion are passed through the screws to realize a fixed connection therebetween.
  • the one-way transmission shown in Figures 4, 6 and 8 can also be designed to resemble the structure shown in Figure 9, ie the rollers and slots are only distributed A cross section perpendicular to the second surface of the rotating shaft approaches the portion of the grip 1.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism shown in Figure 4 is similar to Figure 9
  • the second member is slotted toward the surface of the first member, each slot corresponding to a roller and an elastic member, preferably three in number.
  • the design is similar.
  • the first member is grooved toward the surface of the second member, and each groove corresponds to one roller and one elastic member, and the number of grooves is preferably three.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism shown in Figure 8 is designed as Similar to the structure shown in Fig. 9, a groove is formed in the surface of the second member toward the first member or a groove is formed in the surface of the first member toward the second member, and a plurality of grooves are arranged in the groove (for example, 3 Roller, the roller is connected by elastic parts.
  • a groove is formed in the surface of the second member toward the first member or a groove is formed in the surface of the first member toward the second member, and a plurality of grooves are arranged in the groove (for example, 3 Roller, the roller is connected by elastic parts.
  • the structure and operation of the second component, the first component, the plurality of rollers and the plurality of springs of the one-way transmission mechanism are shown in Figures 4, 6 and 8.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism shown is the same and will not be described here.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of this structure makes the head of the wrench not arrange the roller, so that the structure of the head can be made small, thereby being usable in
  • the wrench of the present invention has two pulling portions, and the grip portion 1 Extending and coupling with two triggering portions at its two extended ends.
  • One of the pulling portions is provided with a one-way transmission mechanism as described in the previous embodiment, and the other of the pulling portions is not provided with a one-way transmission mechanism, but is a structure of a common trigger portion.
  • the wrench of the present invention has a wrenching portion, the grip portion 1
  • the extension portion is coupled to the trigger portion at an extending end thereof, and the one-way transmission mechanism is disposed on the trigger portion.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of the trigger portion shown in Fig. 15 includes a plurality of rollers such as rollers 312, and the first member 310 And the second member, wherein the second member includes a holder formed by joining the first portion 311a and the second portion 311b to each other.
  • the first component 310 is fixed to the triggering portion, and the second component is sleeved on the first component Among the 310, the second member is parallel to the rotational axis of the first member 310, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 310, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 to the first member. 310 Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is in the direction of the vertical paper in FIG. 18-21, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in the figure In the 18-21, the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • Figure 20 shows a front view of the one-way transmission in a stationary state in which the mated workpiece 3 is shown.
  • Figure 15 and 20 It can be seen that the first part 310 faces the first surface 3101 of the second part as a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface; the second part of the cage is an annular body with an upper edge perpendicular to the first part 310 And the direction of the rotating shaft of the second member is provided with a plurality of spaces spaced apart from each other, and the respective rollers are respectively accommodated in the respective spaces, and the space here is similar to the space 3212 on the second member shown in Fig. 25. .
  • Each space has a first opening toward the first component 310 and a second opening toward the workpiece 3.
  • the active space which is limited by the surface of the workpiece, becomes the active space of the roller, such as the active space 316.
  • the active space has a partial cylindrical shape (the cross section is arcuate),
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion, such as the active space 316 having a first portion 316a and a second portion 316b.
  • Roller The first opening of the space in which it is located is in contact with the first surface 3101 and thereby can be driven by the first member 320, and the roller is in contact with the workpiece 3 through the second opening.
  • the first component 310 The roller can be moved from the first part of the space in which it is located to the second part or from the second part to the first part.
  • the roller in the first part is free to rotate, and the roller in the second part is clamped in the first part 310 and the workpiece 3 Between.
  • the roller in the movable space 316 is located in the second portion 316b, when the first member 310 is rotated counterclockwise, the roller is generated by the frictional force from the 316b direction.
  • Figures 16 and 17 show the second portion 311b of the cage; the structure and the second portion of the first portion 311a 311b is symmetrical except that the second portion 311b is provided with a plurality of convex portions such as convex portions 3112 on the surface joined to the first portion 311a, and the first portion 311a
  • the joint faces are recesses for mating with the raised portions.
  • the second portion 311b has a plurality of slots, such as slots 3161; the slots and the first portion 311a
  • the upper grooves are joined one by one to form an active space for accommodating the rollers, such as the movable space 316 (see Fig. 20).
  • the second portion 311b has an inner surface facing the workpiece and faces the first member 310 An outer surface, wherein the outer surface has a gap with the first surface 3101 of the first member 310, that is, the two are not in contact, and the inner surface has a shape matching the workpiece; the first portion 311a
  • the one-way transmission mechanism in this example is used to fit a hex nut (as shown in Fig. 18), and therefore, the inner surface of the second portion 311b has six side walls, such as the side wall 3111. Each side wall corresponds to a side surface of the hex nut.
  • the inner surface thereof is an approximate regular hexagon, and the first portion 311a Similarly, the inner surface of the cage formed by the joining of the two is an approximately regular hexagon in a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the shape of the inner surface of the cage is designed to be tailored to the workpiece to be fitted, and may be other shapes.
  • the inner surface of the cage and the workpiece 3 is opposite, but the two are not in full contact.
  • the inner surface of the cage is designed to have a distance from the surface of the workpiece.
  • each of the six side walls of the inner surface of the cage has two workpieces 3
  • Each of the six side walls of the inner surface of the cage also has a pointing workpiece 3 a raised portion of one side wall, such as a raised portion C.
  • the bulge C is between the vacant places A1 and A2, and its connection with respect to A1 and A2 is closer to the workpiece 3.
  • the bulge C between A2 is distributed farther from the side where the roller is located, as shown in Figure 18, and bisector B between the vacant places A1 and A2.
  • the bisector divides one side wall of the cage into two parts, and the contact point C In the two parts away from the part of the roller.
  • the design of the projections on the other side walls of the inner surface of the cage and the cutouts are also the same, so that the six contact points on the six side walls of the inner surface of the cage C Form a hexagon to ensure the workpiece 3 Put in the initial position to avoid the lockout function.
  • these contacts can also be used to contact the workpiece and the contact when the ratchet is rotated, so that the individual cage rotation can realize the ratchet function.
  • the roller does not form a lock and can rotate relative to the first member 310, whereby the rotational torque from the trigger portion cannot be output to the workpiece 3 .
  • the above-mentioned rotation is a rotation of the roller-based rolling honing of the workpiece 3 with respect to the first member 310, and the resistance is small, which is advantageous for the realization of the ratchet function.
  • the roller is subjected to the workpiece 3 and the first part 310
  • the interaction has a tendency to move to a smaller part of the active space, which causes the roller to be tightened more tightly, that is, the roller is deformed by the self-locking frictional force to form a lock, thereby being relative to First part 110 and workpiece 3 Static, the torque from the trigger can be output to the workpiece 3 through it.
  • the roller in this embodiment is a ball, a roller or a needle, which is a rotating body, and may be cylindrical, spherical or stepped.
  • the width of the second opening is smaller than the diameter of the ball, the roller or the needle roller to The roller does not get out of the space when the workpiece is not mated.
  • the triggering portion further includes a retaining spring 314a, 314b, and the retaining springs 314a, 314b Resisting one end surface of the second component and being disposed on the first component 310
  • An annular groove fits on the first surface that fits into the corresponding annular groove to limit movement of the second member in the direction of the axis of rotation. Since the cage is of a split construction, the roller can be placed in the second part when the second part and the roller are mounted. In the space portion of 311b, the first portion 311a is joined to the second portion 311b to complete.
  • laterally disposed elastic members are further disposed in the first portion of the movable space where the respective rollers are located, as shown in FIG. 32, the respective elastic members are respectively respectively The rollers are opposed to each other so that the respective rollers are sandwiched between the first member 310 and the workpiece 3, such as the spring 315.
  • the spring extends in a direction from the first portion of the active space to the second portion, ie The direction of the restoring force is the direction from the first part to the second part.
  • a laterally disposed elastic member is also disposed in the first portion of the movable space in which one of the rollers is located, as shown in FIG. 23, the spring 315 is in contact with the roller. 312 is such that it is sandwiched between the first part 310 and the workpiece 3.
  • the wrench of the present invention has a pulling portion, and the grip portion 1
  • the extension portion is coupled to the trigger portion at an extending end thereof, and the one-way transmission mechanism is disposed on the trigger portion.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of the trigger portion shown in Fig. 25 includes a plurality of rollers such as rollers 322, and a first member 320. And a second component, wherein the second component includes a retainer 321 .
  • the first component 320 is fixed to the triggering portion, the second component is sleeved in the first component 320, and the second component 321 and the first component
  • the axes of rotation of 320 are parallel, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 320, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 against the first member 320. Apply a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is downward in FIG. 25, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG.
  • the middle is upward, that is, counterclockwise.
  • the first surface of the first member 320 facing the second member is a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface; the retainer 321 is an annular body, The upper side is provided with a plurality of spaces spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axes of the first member 320 and the second member, and the respective rollers are respectively accommodated in the respective spaces, such as the space 3212. .
  • Each space has a first opening toward the first component 320 and a second opening toward the workpiece. The space thus constrained by the first surface and the surface of the workpiece becomes the active space of the roller.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion.
  • the roller is in contact with the first surface through the first opening of the space in which it is located and thereby can be used by the first component 320 Driven, the roller contacts the workpiece through the second opening. Through the friction between the two, the first part 320 The roller can be moved from the first part of the space in which it is located to the second part or from the second part to the first part. The roller in the first portion is free to rotate, and the roller in the second portion is clamped in the first component 320 Between the workpiece and the workpiece.
  • the roller in this embodiment is a ball, a roller or a needle, which is a rotating body, and may be cylindrical, spherical or stepped.
  • the second component also includes a cage
  • the elastic ram on the 321 is an elastic ram 327 as shown in Fig. 24 for resisting the workpiece.
  • the elastic ejector in the embodiment is disposed on the cage 321 as a cage.
  • 321 has a plurality of grooves on the surface facing the workpiece, such as a groove 3213, a plate with a spring, such as a plate 326 , embedded in the corresponding groove, the contact head is arranged on the spring of the plate member to form an elastic ejector.
  • the elastic ram enables the workpiece such as the nut to withstand the roller, so that the wrench is not idling in use, which is more convenient.
  • the cage 321 in this embodiment needs to be engaged with the shutter 324 to prevent the roller from coming off.
  • the cage 321 The end face has a plurality of protrusions, such as protrusions 3211, for gaps with the edge of the baffle 324 (eg, notch 3241) ) Coordination to achieve positioning between the two.
  • the sliding portion further includes a circlip that respectively abuts the second member and the baffle, and the structure, function and arrangement thereof are the same as those of the previous embodiment, and are not described herein.
  • the working mode of the one-way transmission mechanism of this embodiment is the same as that of the previous embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the wrench of the present invention has a pulling portion, and the grip portion 1
  • the extension portion is coupled to the trigger portion at an extending end thereof, and the one-way transmission mechanism is disposed on the trigger portion.
  • the structure of the one-way transmission mechanism is shown in Figure 28-33.
  • the one-way transmission mechanism of the trigger portion shown in Figs. 28 and 29 includes a plurality of rollers such as rollers 412, and the first member 410 And the second member, wherein the second member includes a cage formed by the mutual engagement of the first portion 411a and the second portion 411b.
  • the first component 410 is fixed to the triggering portion, and the second component is sleeved on the first component Among the 410, the second member is parallel to the axis of rotation of the first member 410, preferably coincidentally.
  • the grip portion 1 is coupled to the first member 410, and the user rotates the grip portion 1 to the first member. 410 applies a turning moment.
  • the direction of the rotational moment along its axis of rotation includes a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is in the vertical paper face in FIG. 29, ie, clockwise; the second direction is in FIG.
  • the middle of the vertical paper faces outward, that is, counterclockwise, as indicated by the arrow in the figure.
  • the first component 410 faces the first surface of the second component 4101 A smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface;
  • the cage of the second component is an annular body having a side perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first component 410 and the second component
  • To the arrangement is provided a plurality of spaces spaced apart from each other, the respective rollers are respectively accommodated in the respective spaces, and the space here is similar to the space 3212 on the second member shown in Fig. 25.
  • Each space has a first part facing a first opening of 410 and a second opening toward the workpiece. The space thus constrained by the first surface 4101 and the surface of the workpiece becomes the active space of the roller, such as the active space 416.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion.
  • the roller is in contact with the first surface 4101 through the first opening of the space in which it is located and is thereby capable of being coupled by the first component 410 Driven, the roller contacts the workpiece through the second opening. Through the friction between the two, the first component 410 The roller can be moved from the first part of the space in which it is located to the second part or from the second part to the first part.
  • the roller in the first portion is free to rotate, and the roller in the second portion is clamped in the first component 410 Between the workpiece and the workpiece.
  • the holder has a plurality of surface portions such as a surface portion 4111 facing the workpiece, the first portion 411a and the second portion 411b thereof See Figures 30 and 31, respectively.
  • the first portion 411a is a plate-like structure having a plurality of notches at its edges, such as a notch 411a2; and a plurality of projections, such as protrusions, on the end face of the second portion 411b. 411b1.
  • the plurality of projections on the end faces of the second portion 411b are respectively engaged with the plurality of notches at the edges of the first portion 411a to achieve positioning therebetween.
  • Part II 411b There are a plurality of grooves on the upper surface, such as the groove 411b2. After the second portion 411b is engaged with the first portion 411a, the groove portions form the aforementioned space of the holder.
  • the second component has a stop structure to keep the rollers from the aforementioned space of the cage.
  • the roller is a cylindrical roller or needle having a projection at one end, as shown in Fig. 32, the tip of which has a projection 4121.
  • the limiting structure is a chute on the first portion 411a of the cage, as shown in FIG. The chute 411a1 is shown.
  • the projections of the individual rollers are respectively embedded in the respective chutes, thereby limiting their range of motion, i.e., being confined within the aforementioned space.
  • a laterally disposed elastic member is provided in the first portion of the movable space in which the respective rollers are located, such as the spring 415 shown in FIG. .
  • Each of the elastic members respectively abuts the respective rollers such that the respective rollers are sandwiched between the first member 410 and the workpiece.
  • the spring extends in a direction from the first portion of the active space to the second portion, ie The direction of the restoring force is the direction from the first part to the second part.
  • the triggering portion in this embodiment further includes a retaining ring 413 and retaining springs 414a, 414b, and the retaining ring 413
  • the retaining springs 414a, 414b respectively abut one side of the retaining ring 413 and the second portion 411b of the retainer and with the first surface 4101 of the first member 410
  • the upper annular groove cooperates to define the movement of the second member and the retaining ring 413 in the direction of its axis of rotation.
  • 34-36 show another structure of the second member and the roller of the pulling portion in the present embodiment, the first member 420
  • the first surface 4201 facing the second member is a smooth curved surface, in this case a cylindrical surface
  • the retainer of the second member is an annular body having a side perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first member 420 and the second member
  • To the arrangement is provided a plurality of spaces spaced apart from each other, the respective rollers are respectively accommodated in the respective spaces, and the space here is similar to the space 3212 on the second member shown in Fig. 25.
  • Each space has a first part facing a first opening of 420 and a second opening toward the workpiece.
  • the space thus constrained by the first surface 4201 and the surface of the workpiece becomes the active space of the roller, such as the active space 426.
  • the active space is designed to have a larger first portion and a smaller second portion.
  • the roller is in contact with the first surface 4201 through the first opening of the space in which it is located and is thereby detachable by the first member 420 Driven, the roller contacts the workpiece through the second opening. Through the friction between the two, the first component 420 The roller can be moved from the first part of the space in which it is located to the second part or from the second part to the first part.
  • the roller in the first portion is free to rotate, and the roller in the second portion is clamped in the first member 420 Between the workpiece and the workpiece.
  • the first portion 421a of the cage is a plate-like structure that passes through the second portion such as a screw 428. Multiple screws are joined together.
  • the second portion (as in the second portion 411b of the previous example) has a plurality of grooves, such as grooves 421b2.
  • the second part and the first part 421a These groove portions form the aforementioned space of the cage after the joining is completed.
  • the cage has a plurality of surface portions, such as surface portion 4211, that face the workpiece.
  • the second component has a stop structure to prevent the rollers from coming off the through holes and recesses.
  • the roller in this embodiment is a cylindrical roller or needle with a thinner central portion, as shown in the figure. 35 is shown.
  • the limit structure is a shrapnel with a U-shaped middle portion, as shown in Figure 36. Secure the end of the shrapnel to the cage by snapping the middle of the roller or needle into the U-shaped portion of the shrapnel That is, the range of motion of the limiting roller is achieved, that is, the roller is confined in the through hole and the recess. Moreover, the roller of this structure is not easy to roll over under the action of the elastic piece.
  • the elastic piece in the structure can also function as the elastic member in the previous embodiment, such as the elastic piece 425, and one side of the U-shaped portion is ejector 427 Resist to fit the cage.
  • Each of the elastic pieces extends in a direction from the first portion to the second portion of the movable space in which it is located, that is, the direction of the restoring force is a direction from the first portion to the second portion.
  • first component 420 in the structure The structure, arrangement and working mode of the second component and the roller are the same as those of the previous structure, and are not described here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种扳手，用于扳动工件，其包括单向传动机构。单向传动机构包括滚子（112）、第一部件（110）和至少部分地套设在所述第一部件中的第二部件（111）；第一部件（110）固定设置在扳手的扳动部，第二部件（111）用于与工件配合。来自于扳动部的转动力矩的方向为沿第一部件（110）的转动轴的第一方向和第二方向；对于第一方向的转动力矩和第二方向的转动力矩中的一个，第二部件（111）相对于第一部件（110）静止以将转动力矩输出到工件；对于其中的另一个，第二部件（111）相对于第一部件（110）转动而不将转动力矩输出到工件。该单向传动机构其扭矩可以达到扳手的使用要求，同时，单向传动机构在使用中保持静音，且具有轴承耐磨的特点。

Description

扳手
技术领域
本发明涉及手动工具，尤其涉及一种扳手。
背景技术
一般扳手的使用中，手在转动方向上的运动有一定的限度，不会是沿着一个方向持续进行的。其手柄的转动轴与主轴同轴，使用时一般是这样的：首先，用手朝着某个希望的方向转动手柄（例如拧紧或松开一个螺钉），然后，将手反向旋转，使该工具重新定位以便进入下一循环。在上述循环的第二部分，手的反向旋转可以是放开手柄后再重新握住，也可以是在工具中配有棘轮机构等单向装置，使手柄反转时主轴不动，还可以是将该工具与螺钉脱离后再插入。其中，第二种方法由于不需要将手脱开手柄或使工具脱离螺钉而更为方便。但是棘轮机构由于其本身的齿状结构的设计必然会带来扳手使用中的嗒嗒声，这在很多使用者的使用中被认为是不愉快的。
因此，本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种 扳手，实现扳手对工件的静音的单向传动 。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种扳手，通过在扳手的扳动部设置单向传动机构，实现手对工件的静音的单向传动 。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种扳手，用于扳动工件，包括扳动部和握持部，所述握持部延伸并在其延伸端与所述扳动部相联接，其特征在于，还包括单向传动机构，所述单向传动机构包括滚子、第一部件和至少部分地套设在所述第一部件中的第二部件；所述第一部件固定设置在所述扳手的扳动部，所述第二部件用于与所述工件配合；来自于所述扳动部的转动力矩的方向为沿所述第一部件的转动轴的第一方向和第二方向；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的一个，所述滚子使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件静止以将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的另一个，所述滚子使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件转动而不将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件。
可选地，所述第一部件的第一表面与所述第二部件的第二表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面上具有多个槽，所述多个槽沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向分布；每一个所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定一个所述滚子的活动空间；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
可选地，所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面上具有多个槽，所述多个槽沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向分布；每一个所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定一个所述滚子的活动空间；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
进一步地，所述第一表面为圆柱面。
进一步地，所述滚子是滚珠、滚柱或滚针。
进一步地，所述扳手还包括布置在所述第一部分的弹性件，所述弹性件沿从所述第一部分到所述第二部分的方向延伸且抵触所述滚子以使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
可选地，在垂直于所述转动轴的所述第二表面的横截面上，所述槽均匀或不均匀地分布。
可选地，在垂直于所述转动轴的所述第二表面的横截面靠近所述握持部的部分上，所述槽均匀或不均匀地分布，所述槽的个数不小于 3 。
进一步地，所述第二部件具有用于与所述工件配合的第三表面。
可选地，所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面和所述第二表面皆为光滑曲面；所述各个滚子分布在所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间，任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
进一步地，所述第一表面和所述第二表面为圆柱面。
可选地，所述第一部件的第一表面与所述第二部件的第二表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面在接近所述握持部的部分具有槽，所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定所述各个滚子的活动空间；任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
可选地，所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面在接近所述握持部的部分具有槽，所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定所述各个滚子的活动空间；任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
进一步地，所述第一表面为圆柱面。
进一步地，所述弹性件处于被挤压的状态，且使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
进一步地，所述第二部件具有用于与所述工件配合的第三表面。
本发明还公开了一种扳手，用于扳动工件，包括扳动部和握持部，所述握持部延伸并在其延伸端与所述扳动部相联接，其特征在于，还包括单向传动机构，所述单向传动机构包括滚子、第一部件和至少部分地套设在所述第一部件中的保持架；所述第一部件固定设置在所述扳手的扳动部，所述保持架用于容纳所述滚子并接纳与所述工件；来自于所述扳动部的转动力矩的方向为沿所述第一部件的转动轴的第一方向和第二方向；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的一个，所述滚子使所述工件相对于所述第一部件静止以将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的另一个，所述滚子使所述工件相对于所述第一部件转动而不将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件。
进一步地，所述第一部件朝向所述保持架第一表面为光滑曲面，所述保持架上沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个所述滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内；所述空间具有朝向所述第一表面的第一开口和朝向所述工件的第二开口，所述滚子通过所述第一开口与所述第一表面接触并由此能被所述第一部件带动，所述滚子通过所述第二开口与所述工件接触；被所述第一表面和所述工件的表面限定的所述空间为其中的所述滚子的活动空间，被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述工件之间。
进一步地，所述扳手还包括布置在所述第一部分的弹性件，所述弹性件沿从所述第一部分到所述第二部分的方向延伸且抵触所述滚子以使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述工件之间。
可选地，所述滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，所述第二开口的宽度小于所述滚珠、滚柱或滚针的直径，以使所述滚子不脱离所述空间。
可选地，所述滚子为滚柱或滚针，所述滚柱或滚针的至少一个端部具有凸起；所述保持架上还具有限位结构，所述限位结构使所述滚子不脱离所述空间，所述限位结构为滑槽；所述凸起嵌入于所述滑槽中。
进一步地，保持架上还具有弹性顶杆，所述弹性顶杆用于抵触所述工件。
可选地，所述滚子为滚柱或滚针，所述滚柱或滚针的中部处的直径小于其上、下部处的直径；所述保持架上还具有限位结构，所述限位结构使所述滚子不脱离所述空间，所述限位结构为部分为 U 形的弹片；所述滚柱或滚针的中部卡入所述弹片的 U 型部分，所述滚柱或滚针的上部和下部用于与所述第一部件和所述工件接触。
进一步地，所述扳手还包括挡圈，所述挡圈抵触所述保持架的端面以限制所述保持架在所述转动轴方向上的活动。
进一步地，所述扳手还包括用于抵触所述挡圈的卡簧，所述卡簧与设置在所述扳动部的环形槽配合，以避免所述挡圈沿所述转动轴的方向脱离所述扳动部。
进一步地，所述扳手具有两个所述扳动部，所述握持部连接于所述两个扳动部之间。
在本发明的较佳实施方式中 ，提供了扳手的各种可采用的单向传动机构的结构。因为应用于扳手的单向传动机构没有高速旋转要求，所以其扭矩可以达到扳手的使用要求，由此本发明的扳手可以跟现有技术的板手媲美。同时，单向传动机构在使用中保持静音，且具有轴承耐磨的特点。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图 1 是在第一个实施例中，本发明的扳手正视图 。
图 2 是图 1 所示的扳手的侧视图。
图 3 是图 1 所示的扳手的一个扳动部的一种结构的爆炸图。
图 4 显示了图 3 所示的扳动部的正视图。
图 5 是图 1 所示的扳手的一个扳动部的第二种结构的正视图。
图 6 是图 1 所示的扳手的一个扳动部的第三种结构的正视图。
图 7 是图 6 所示的结构的局部放大图。
图 8 是图 1 所示的扳手的一个扳动部的第四种结构的正视图。
图 9 是图 1 所示的扳手的另一个扳动部的结构的正视图。
图 10 是图 9 所示的扳动部的爆炸图。
图 11 是在第二个实施例中，本发明的扳手正视图 。
图 12 是图 11 所示的扳手的剖视图。
图 13 是在第三个实施例中，本发明的扳手正视图 。
图 14 是图 12 所示的扳手的侧视图。
图 15 是图 13 所示的扳手的扳动部的一种结构的爆炸图。
图 16 是图 13 所示的扳手的单向传动机构的保持架的第二部分的立体图。
图 17 是图 16 所示的保持架的第二部分的正视图。
图 18 显示了图 13 所示的单向传动机构的设计原理。
图 19 显示了图 13 所示的扳动部的正视图，此时扳动部空转。
图 20 显示了图 13 所示的扳动部的正视图，此时扳动部未转。
图 21 显示了图 13 所示的扳动部的正视图，此时扳动部正转。
图 22 是图 13 所示的扳手的扳动部的第二种结构。
图 23 是图 13 所示的扳手的扳动部的第三种结构。
图 24 是在第四个实施例中，本发明的扳手正视图 。
图 25 是图 24 所示的扳手的扳动部的结构的爆炸图。
图 26 是在第五个实施例中，本发明的扳手正视图。
图 27 是图 26 所示的扳手的侧视图。
图 28 是图 26 所示的扳手的扳动部的一种结构的爆炸图。
图 29 显示了图 28 所示的扳动部的正视图。
图 30 显示了图 28 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的第二部件的第一部分的正视图。
图 31 显示了图 28 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的第二部件的第二部分的立体图。
图 32 显示了图 28 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的滚柱的侧视图。
图 33 显示了图 28 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的弹性件的立体图。
图 34 是图 28 所示的扳手的扳动部的另一种结构的正视图。
图 35 显示了图 34 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的滚柱的侧视图。
图 36 显示了图 34 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构的弹性件的立体图。
具体实施方式
如图 1 和 2 所示，在第一个较佳的实施例中，本发明的扳手具有两个扳动部，握持部 1 延伸并在其两个延伸端分别与两个扳动部联接。这两个扳动部上皆设置有单向传动机构。
如图 3 、 4 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构包括如滚子 112 的多个滚子、第一部件 110 与第二部件 111 。其中，第一部件 110 固定于该扳动部，第二部件 111 套设在第一部件 110 之中，第二部件 111 的转动轴和第一部件 110 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 110 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 110 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 4 中为垂直纸面向内，即顺时针方向 ；第二方向在图 4 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向。
第一部件 110 朝向第二部件 111 的第一表面 1101 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面，第二部件 111 朝向第一部件 110 的第二表面 1112 上具有多个槽，如槽 116 。这些槽沿垂直于第一部件 110 的转动轴的方向分布，本例中它们分布在垂直于第二部件 111 的转动轴的圆周上。第二表面 1112 与第一表面 1101 彼此相对，各个槽与其面对的第一表面 1101 一起限制一个滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 116 。活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分，如活动空间 116 具有第一部分 116a 和第二部分 116b 。活动空间中的滚子，如滚子 112 ，由于受到第一表面 1101 的摩檫力，可以被带动发生从其所在的活动空间的第一部分到第二部分的移动或者从第二部分到第一部分的移动。在其活动空间的第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 110 和第二部件 111 之间。被夹在第一部件 110 和第二部件 111 之间的滚子受到自锁的摩擦力作用产生变形，形成锁死，由此 使第二部件 111 相对于第一部件 110 静止，来自扳动部的转动力矩能够通过该单向传动机构输出到工件；而 能自由转动的滚子不形成锁死， 第二部件 111 能相对于第一部件 110 转动，由此来自于扳动部的转动力矩不能输出到工件。
本实施例中的滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，其为回转体，可以是柱形、球形或台阶形。较佳地，各个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，其 抵触滚子以使滚子被 夹在第一部件 110 和第二部件 111 之间，如弹簧 115 。此处的横向指弹簧 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。
第二部件 111 具有用于与工件配合的第三表面 1111 ，如图 4 所示地，本例中其为远离第一部件 110 的表面。使用时，其套设在诸如螺母的工件的端部以带动工件转动。当如图 4 所示的第一部件 110 的转动力矩为第一方向时，滚子被夹在第一部件 110 和第二部件 111 之间，由此将来自于第一部件 110 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 111 上，第二部件 111 带动工件使其顺时针方向转动；当如图 4 所示的第一部件 110 的转动力矩为第二方向时，滚子被第一部件 110 带动脱离第一部件 110 和第二部件 111 对其的夹持，由此不能将来自于第一部件 110 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 111 上，工件 不转动。
较佳地，如图 3 所示，还包括挡圈 113a 、 113b 和卡簧 114a 、 114b ，挡圈 113a 、 113b 分别抵触第二部件 111 的一个端面以将第二部件 111 限制在第一部件 110 中，卡簧 114a 、 114b 用于分别抵触挡圈 113a 、 113b ，其与设置在扳动部（本实施例中具体地为第一部件 110 的第一表面 1101 上）的环形槽配合，其嵌入对应的环形槽中以限制挡圈 113a 、 113b 和第二部件 111 的沿转动轴方向的活动，由此避免挡圈 113a 、 113b 和第二部件 111 沿转动轴的方向脱离扳动部。
图 5 示出了扳动部的单向传动机构的另一种结构，包括如滚子 122 的多个滚子、第一部件 120 与第二部件 121 。其中，第一部件 120 固定于该扳动部，第二部件 121 套设在第一部件 120 之中，第二部件 121 的转动轴和第一部件 120 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 120 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 120 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 5 中为垂直纸面向内，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 5 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向。
第二部件 121 朝向第一部件 120 的第一表面 1212 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面，第一部件 120 朝向第二部件 121 的第二表面 1201 上具有多个槽，如槽 126 。这些槽沿垂直于第一部件 120 的转动轴的方向分布，本例中它们分布在垂直于第二部件 121 的转动轴的圆周上。第二表面 1201 与第一表面 1212 彼此相对，各个槽与其面对的第一表面 1212 一起限制一个滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 126 。活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分，如活动空间 126 具有第一部分 126a 和第二部分 126b 。活动空间中的滚子，如滚子 122 ，由于受到第一表面 1212 的摩檫力，可以被带动发生从其所在的活动空间的第一部分到第二部分的移动或者从第二部分到第一部分的移动。在其活动空间的第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 120 和第二部件 121 之间。被夹在第一部件 120 和第二部件 121 之间的滚子受到自锁的摩擦力作用产生变形，形成锁死，由此 使第二部件 121 相对于第一部件 120 静止，来自扳动部的转动力矩能够通过该单向传动机构输出到工件；而 能自由转动的滚子不形成锁死， 第二部件 121 能相对于第一部件 120 转动，由此来自于扳动部的转动力矩不能输出到工件。
本实施例中的滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，其为回转体，可以是柱形、球形或台阶形。较佳地，各个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，其 抵触滚子以使滚子被 夹在第一部件 120 和第二部件 121 之间，如弹簧 125 。此处的横向指弹簧 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。
第二部件 121 具有用于与工件配合的第三表面 1211 ，如图 4 所示地，本例中其为远离第一部件 120 的表面。使用时，其套设在诸如螺母的工件的端部以带动工件转动。当如图 5 所示的第一部件 120 的转动力矩为第一方向时，滚子被夹在第一部件 120 和第二部件 121 之间，由此将来自于第一部件 120 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 121 上，第二部件 121 带动工件使其顺时针方向转动；当如图 5 所示的第一部件 120 的转动力矩为第二方向时，滚子被第一部件 120 带动脱离第一部件 120 和第二部件 121 的夹持，由此不能将来自于第一部件 120 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 121 上，工件 不转动。
以上两个示例中，第一部件或第二部件的表面上的槽为 U 形槽，具有底面和底面两侧的侧面。在图 6 示出的 扳动部的单向传动机构的第三种结构中，其设置在第一部件 130 的第二表面 1301 上的槽为 V 形，这也是可以工作的结构。其中的第二部件 131 、诸如滚子 132 的多个滚子、第二部件 131 的第一表面 1312 、第二部件 131 的用于与工件配合的第三表面 1311 皆与上一个示例相同。各个槽与其面对的第一表面 1312 一起限制一个滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 136 。活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分，如活动空间 136 具有第一部分 136a 和第二部分 136b 。较佳地，各个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，其 抵触滚子以使滚子被 夹在第一部件 130 和第二部件 131 之间，如图 7 中示出的 U 形弹簧 135 。弹簧 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。
图 8 示出了扳动部的单向传动机构的第四种结构，包括如滚子 142 的多个滚子、第一部件 140 与第二部件 141 。其中，第一部件 140 固定于该扳动部，第二部件 141 套设在第一部件 130 之中，第二部件 141 的转动轴和第一部件 140 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 140 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 140 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 8 中为垂直纸面向内，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 8 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向。
第一部件 140 朝向第二部件 141 的第一表面 1401 为 光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面 ； 第二部件 141 朝向第一部件 140 的第二表面 1412 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面。本例中，第二表面 1412 和第一表面 1401 彼此平行且它们的对称轴皆为第二部件 141 和第一部件 140 的转动轴。各个滚子分布在第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 之间，任意两个相邻的滚子之间有弹性件（未图示）相连，例如弹簧，弹簧的延伸方向为从其中一个滚子到另一个滚子。滚子为异形滚子，如图 8 所示，其垂直于转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，其中最大宽度大于第一表面 13401 和第二表面 1412 之间的距离，最小宽度小于第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 之间的距离。 较佳地，滚子之间的弹簧处于被挤压的状态，并使各个滚子被夹在第一部件 140 和第二部件 141 之间，具体地为被夹在 第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 之间。第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 之间的滚子由于受到第一表面 1401 的摩檫力，可以被带动，而发生转动。滚子的转动可以为，沿其截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的第一表面 1401 的法线之间的夹角（为锐角的那个）逐渐增大的方向转动，或者反之。
第二部件 141 具有用于与工件配合的第三表面 1311 ，如图 8 所示地，本例中其为远离第一部件 140 的表面。使用时，其套设在诸如螺母的工件的端部以带动工件转动。当如图 8 所示的第一部件 140 的转动力矩为第一方向时，滚子发生沿其截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的第一表面 1401 的法线之间的夹角逐渐减小的方向的转动或具有该方向转动的趋势，由此被牢牢地夹在第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 之间，能够将来自于第一部件 140 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 141 上，第二部件 141 带动工件使其顺时针方向转动；当如图 8 所示的第一部件 130 的转动力矩为第二方向时，滚子被第一部件 140 带动，发生沿其截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的第一表面 1401 的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大的方向的转动，由此脱离第一表面 1401 和第二表面 1412 的夹持，不能将来自于第一部件 140 的转动力矩传递到第二部件 141 上，工件 不转动。
如图 9 、 10 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构包括如滚子 212 的多个滚子、第一部件 210 与第二部件 211 。其中，第一部件 210 固定于该扳动部，第二部件 211 套设在第一部件 210 之中，第二部件 211 和第一部件 210 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 210 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 210 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 9 中为垂直纸面向内，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 9 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向。
图 9 、 10 所示的单向传动机构的结构与图 5 所示的结构类似，差别在于图 9 、 10 所示的单向传动机构的第一部件 210 的第二表面 2101 上的诸如槽 216 的多个槽仅分布在垂直于第一部件 210 的转动轴的 第二表面 2101 的横截面靠近握持部 1 的部分上，本例为分布在 圆周的一部分上，具体地为接近握持部 1 的部分上。槽的个数较佳地为 3 个。除了以上描述的，该单向传动机构的第二部件 211 、第一部件 210 、如滚子 212 的多个滚子和如弹簧 215 的多个弹性件的结构和工作原理与图 5 所示的单向传动机构相同，在此不赘述。
如图 10 所示，该扳动部还包括卡簧 213a 、 213b 和固定板件 214a 、 214b ，卡簧 113a 、 113b 分别抵触第二部件 211 的一个端面且与设置在第一部件 210 的第二表面 2101 上的环形槽配合，其嵌入对应的环形槽中以限制第二部件 211 的沿转动轴方向的活动；在卡簧 113a 、 113b 的外侧，固定板件 214a 、 214b 分别固定在扳动部上，图 10 所示地为通过螺钉穿过固定板件 214a 、 214b 和扳动部螺纹孔，实现它们之间的固定连接。
另外，如图 4 、 6 和 8 所示的单向传动机构也可以设计成类似图 9 所示的结构，即滚子及槽仅分布在 垂直于转动轴的第二表面的横截面的接近握持部 1 的部分上。其中，对于图 4 所示的单向传动机构设计为 类似图 9 所示的结构时，在第二部件朝向第一部件的表面上开槽，每一个槽对应一个滚子和一个弹性件， 槽的个数较佳地为 3 个。对于图 6 所示的单向传动机构设计为 类似图 9 所示的结构时，在第一部件朝向第二部件的表面上开槽，每一个槽对应一个滚子和一个弹性件， 槽的个数较佳地为 3 个。对于图 8 所示的单向传动机构设计为 类似图 9 所示的结构时，在第二部件朝向第一部件的表面上开一个槽或在第一部件朝向第二部件的表面上开一个槽，槽中布置多个（例如 3 个）滚子，滚子之间有弹性件相连。 除了以上描述的，该单向传动机构的第二部件、第一部件、多个滚子和多个弹簧的结构和工作原理与图 4 、 6 和 8 所示的单向传动机构相同，在此不赘述。这种结构的单向传动机构使得扳手的头部不布置滚子，因而其头部的结构可做小，由此可在狭小空间使用，适用范围更广。
如图 11 和 12 所示，在第二个较佳的实施例中，本发明的扳手具有两个扳动部，握持部 1 延伸并在其两个延伸端分别与两个扳动部联接。其中一个扳动部上设置有如前一个实施例中所述的单向传动机构，另一个扳动部上不设置单向传动机构，而为普通扳动部的结构。
如图 13 和 14 所示，在第三个较佳的实施例中，本发明的扳手具有一个扳动部，握持部 1 延伸并在其延伸端与扳动部联接，扳动部上设置有单向传动机构。
如图 15 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构包括如滚子 312 的多个滚子、第一部件 310 与第二部件，其中的第二部件包括由第一部分 311a 和第二部分 311b 相互接合而成的保持架。其中，第一部件 310 固定于该扳动部，第二部件套设在第一部件 310 之中，第二部件和第一部件 310 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 310 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 310 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 18-21 中为垂直纸面向内，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 18-21 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向。
图 20 示出了该单向传动机构处于静止状态时的正视图，其中显示了配合的工件 3 。由图 15 和 20 可见，第一部件 310 朝向第二部件的第一表面 3101 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面；第二部件的保持架为环状体，其 上沿垂直于 第一部件 310 和第二部件的转动轴的方 向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内 ，这里的空间类似与图 25 所示的第二部件上的空间 3212 。各个空间具有朝向第一部件 310 的第一开口，和朝向工件 3 的第二开口。 由此被第一表面 3101 和工件的表面限制的该空间成为该滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 316 。本例中，活动空间具有部分的圆柱体的形状（其横截面为弓形）， 活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分，如活动空间 316 具有第一部分 316a 和第二部分 316b 。滚子 通过其所在的空间的第一开口与第一表面 3101 接触并由此能被第一部件 320 带动，滚子通过第二开口与工件 3 接触。通过两者间的摩檫力， 第一部件 310 能带动滚子从其所在的空间的第一部分移动到第二部分或者从第二部分移动到第一部分。在第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 310 和工件 3 之间。如图 20 所示，当活动空间 316 中的滚子位于第二部分 316b ，当第一部件 310 逆时针转动时，该滚子在摩擦力的作用下产生从 316b 向 316a 运动的趋势，该滚子被锁紧，工件 3 被带动一起转动；当第一部件 310 顺时针方向转动时，该滚子在摩擦力的作用下产生从 316a 向 316b 运动的趋势，该滚子自由转动，工件 3 和保持架一起和第一部件 310 产生相对运动，实现棘轮功能。可见，当需要顺时针拧紧工件，只要将滚子设置在如第一部分 316a 的第一部分中就可以了。
具体地，图 16 、 17 示出了保持架的第二部分 311b ；第一部分 311a 的结构与第二部分 311b 对称，除了第二部分 311b 用于与第一部分 311a 接合的表面上具有多个如凸起部 3112 的凸起部，而第一部分 311a 的接合面上为用于与这些凸起部配合的凹陷。第二部分 311b 上具有多个槽，如槽 3161 ；这些槽与第一部分 311a 上的槽一一对应地接合，形成用于容纳滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 316 （参见图 20 ）。第二部分 311b 具有朝向工件的内表面和朝向第一部件 310 的外表面，其中外表面与第一部件 310 的第一表面 3101 之间具有间隙，即两者不接触，内表面具有与工件匹配的形状；第一部分 311a 也一样。例如本示例中的单向传动机构用于配合一个六角螺母（如图 18 所示），因此，第二部分 311b 的内表面具有六个侧壁，如侧壁 3111 ，每一个侧壁对应六角螺母的一个侧表面。在图 17 示出的第二部分 311b 的正视图可以看出，其内表面是近似的正六边形，第一部分 311a 一样，因此两者接合形成的保持架的内表面在垂直于转动轴的截面上是近似的正六边形。但是在本发明的其他示例中，保持架的内表面的形状是可以根据需要配合的工件而设计确定的，其也可以是其他的形状。
具体地，如图 18 所示，本示例的单向传动机构与工件 3 配合后，保持架的内表面与工件 3 的表面相对，但两者见并不是完全接触的。事实上为了保证滚子的锁紧功能的有效以及便于工件 3 与单向传动机构的配合和脱离配合，保持架的内表面被设计为与工件的表面具有一定间距的避空处。在本例中，保持架的内表面的六个侧壁中的每一个都具有两个与工件 3 的侧壁不接触的避空处，如避空处 A1 、 A2 ，其中，避空处 A1 用于保证工件 3 在被拧动时不和保持架发生接触，避免滚子的锁紧功能失效；避空处 A2 用于保证工件 3 放入单向传动机构中时其六角点不会碰到保持架，方便工件 3 的放入和取出。保持架的内表面的六个侧壁中的每一个还具有指向工件 3 的一个侧壁的凸起处，如凸起处 C 。凸起处 C 在避空处 A1 、 A2 之间，其相对于 A1 、 A2 的连线更接近工件 3 。另外，在避空处 A1 、 A2 之间的凸起处 C 分布在更远离滚子所在的一侧，即如图 18 所示地，在避空处 A1 、 A2 之间作平分线 B ，平分线将保持架的一个侧壁分为两部分，而接触处 C 在这两部分中远离滚子的那一部分处。保持架的内表面的其他侧壁上的凸起处和避空处的设计也是一样的，这样，保持架的内表面的六个侧壁上的六个接触处 C 构成一个六边形，可以保证工件 3 放入时初始位置，避免锁死功能失效。这是因为只有滚子处于较小的空间时锁死才能起作用，如果滚子刚好在中间的最大位置处锁死是会失效的。另外，这些接触处还可以起到在棘轮回转时，工件和接触处接触，从而单独保持架回转实现棘轮功能。当然也可以通过工件接触其他位置而带动保持架回转，实现棘轮功能。如果将保持架的形状以平分线对称设计，则其锁死和棘轮功能可以实现互换。
具体地，如图 19 所示，当来自扳手部的转动力矩为第一方向时，即第一部件 310 以图中箭头所示的方向相反地转动时，第一部件 310 、滚子和工件 3 之间的夹持力被释放，在回转一个较小的角度后，工件 3 和第二部件的保持架接触；在工件 3 未回转的情况下，工件 3 和保持架一起相对于第一部件 310 产生转动，此时滚子发生滚动。即滚子被第一部件 310 带动进入其所在的活动空间的第一部分，能自由转动。滚子不形成锁死， 能相对于第一部件 310 转动，由此来自于扳动部的转动力矩不能输出到工件 3 。上述的回转为工件 3 相对于第一部件 310 的基于滚子的滚动磨檫的回转，阻力小，有利于棘轮功能的实现。如图 21 所示， 当来自扳手部的转动力矩为第二方向时，即第一部件 310 以图中箭头所示的方向转动时，工件 3 和第二部件的保持架之间会发生转动，形成楔形的活动空间，滚子被第一部件 310 带动进入其所在的活动空间的第二部分，即被夹在第一部件 310 和工件 3 之间。并且，在此楔形的活动空间里，滚子由于受到工件 3 和第一部件 310 的共同作用，具有向活动空间中更小的部分运动的趋势，该趋势使的滚子被越夹越紧，即滚子受到自锁的摩擦力作用产生变形，形成锁死，由此 相对于第一部件 110 和工件 3 静止，来自扳动部的转动力矩能够通过其输出到工件 3 。
本实施例中的滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，其为回转体，可以是柱形、球形或台阶形。第二开口的宽度小于该滚珠、滚柱或滚针的直径，以 使在未配合工件时，滚子不至于脱离该空间。
本实施例中，扳动部还包括卡簧 314a 、 314b ，卡簧 314a 、 314b 分别抵触第二部件的一个端面且与设置在第一部件 310 的第一表面上的环形槽配合，其嵌入对应的环形槽中以限制第二部件的沿转动轴方向的活动。由于保持架是分体式的构造，在安装第二部件和滚子时，可以通过将滚子放入第二部分 311b 的空间部分中，再将第一部分 311a 与第二部分 311b 接合而完成。
较佳地，在各个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，如图 32 所示，各个弹性件分别地 抵触各个滚子以使各个滚子被 夹在第一部件 310 和工件 3 之间，如弹簧 315 。弹簧 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。或者，在某一个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，如图 23 所示，弹簧 315 抵触滚子 312 以使其被 夹在第一部件 310 和工件 3 之间。
如图 24 所示，在第四个较佳的实施例中，本发明的扳手具有一个扳动部，握持部 1 延伸并在其延伸端与扳动部联接，扳动部上设置有单向传动机构。
如图 25 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构包括如滚子 322 的多个滚子、第一部件 320 与第二部件，其中的第二部件包括保持架 321 。其中，第一部件 320 固定于该扳动部，第二部件套设在第一部件 320 之中，第二部件 321 和第一部件 320 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 320 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 320 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 25 中为向下，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 25 中为向上，即逆时针方向。
第一部件 320 朝向第二部件的第一表面为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面；保持架 321 为环状体，其 上沿垂直于 第一部件 320 和第二部件的转动轴的方 向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内 ，如空间 3212 。各个空间具有朝向第一部件 320 的第一开口，和朝向工件的第二开口。 由此被第一表面和工件的表面限制的该空间成为该滚子的活动空间。与前一示例相同地， 活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分。滚子 通过其所在的空间的第一开口与第一表面接触并由此能被第一部件 320 带动，滚子通过第二开口与工件接触。通过两者间的摩檫力， 第一部件 320 能带动滚子从其所在的空间的第一部分移动到第二部分或者从第二部分移动到第一部分。在第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 320 和工件之间。
本实施例中的滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，其为回转体，可以是柱形、球形或台阶形。第二部件还包括设置在 保持架 321 上的弹性顶杆，如图 24 所示的弹性顶杆 327 ，其用于抵触工件。如图 25 所示，本实施例中的弹性顶杆在保持架 321 上的设置方式为，保持架 321 朝向工件的表面上上具有多个凹槽，如凹槽 3213 ，带有弹簧的板件，如板件 326 ，嵌入对应的凹槽中，在板件的弹簧上设置接触头即形成弹性顶杆。弹性顶杆能够使诸如螺母的工件顶住滚子，由此扳手的使用中没有空转，更加方便。
本实施例中的保持架 321 需要与挡板 324 接合，以免滚子脱落。具体地，保持架 321 的端面上具有多个凸起，如凸起 3211 ，用于与挡板 324 边缘的缺口（如缺口 3241 ）配合，实现两者之间的定位。该扳动部还包括分别抵触第二部件和挡板的卡簧，其结构、作用和设置方式与前一实施例相同，在此不赘述。本实施例的单向传动机构的工作模式与前一实施例相同，在此不赘述。
如图 26 、 27 所示，在第五个较佳的实施例中，本发明的扳手具有一个扳动部，握持部 1 延伸并在其延伸端与扳动部联接，扳动部上设置有单向传动机构。该单向传动机构的结构如图 28-33 所示。
如图 28 、 29 所示的扳动部的单向传动机构包括如滚子 412 的多个滚子、第一部件 410 与第二部件，其中的第二部件包括由第一部分 411a 和第二部分 411b 相互配合而成的保持架。其中，第一部件 410 固定于该扳动部，第二部件套设在第一部件 410 之中，第二部件和第一部件 410 的转动轴平行，较佳地两者重合。具体地，握持部 1 与第一部件 410 相连，使用者通过转动握持部 1 对第一部件 410 施加转动力矩。该转动力矩沿其转动轴的方向，包括第一方向和第二方向，其中第一方向在图 29 中为垂直纸面向里，即顺时针方向；第二方向在图 29 中为垂直纸面向外，即逆时针方向，如图中箭头所示的。
第一部件 410 朝向第二部件的第一表面 4101 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面；第二部件的保持架为环状体，其 上沿垂直于 第一部件 410 和第二部件的转动轴的方 向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内 ，这里的空间类似与图 25 所示的第二部件上的空间 3212 。各个空间具有朝向第一部件 410 的第一开口，和朝向工件的第二开口。 由此被第一表面 4101 和工件的表面限制的该空间成为该滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 416 。 活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分。滚子 通过其所在的空间的第一开口与第一表面 4101 接触并由此能被第一部件 410 带动，滚子通过第二开口与工件接触。通过两者间的摩檫力， 第一部件 410 能带动滚子从其所在的空间的第一部分移动到第二部分或者从第二部分移动到第一部分。在第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 410 和工件之间。
保持架具有朝向工件的如表面部分 4111 的多个表面部分，其的第一部分 411a 和第二部分 411b 分别如图 30 、 31 所示。第一部分 411a 为板状结构，其边缘具有多个缺口，如缺口 411a2 ；第二部分 411b 的端面上具有多个凸起，如凸起 411b1 。第二部分 411b 的端面上的多个凸起分别与第一部分 411a 边缘的多个缺口配合，实现两者之间的定位。第二部分 411b 上具有多个凹槽，如凹槽 411b2 。第二部分 411b 与第一部分 411a 完成接合后，这些凹槽部分形成保持架的上述的空间。
第二部件具有限位结构以使滚子不脱离保持架的上述的空间。本实施例中的 滚子为一端具有凸起的圆柱形的滚柱或滚针，如图 32 所示，该滚子的顶端具有凸起 4121 。限位结构为保持架的第一部分 411a 上的 滑槽，如图 30 中所示的滑槽 411a1 。各个滚子的凸起分别嵌入于各个滑槽中， 由此被限制其运动范围，即被限制在上述的空间内。
较佳地，在各个滚子所在的活动空间的第一部分中还设置有横向布置的弹性件，如图 33 所示的弹簧 415 。各个弹性件分别地 抵触各个滚子以使各个滚子被 夹在第一部件 410 和工件之间。弹簧 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。
本实施例中的扳动部还包括挡圈 413 和卡簧 414a 、 414b ，挡圈 413 抵触第二部件的一侧，卡簧 414a 、 414b 分别抵触挡圈 413 和保持架的第二部分 411b 的一侧并与第一部件 410 的第一表面 4101 上的环形槽配合，以限定第二部件和挡圈 413 在其转动轴方向上的运动。本实施例的单向传动机构的工作模式与之前实施例相同，在此不赘述。
图 34-36 示出了本实施例中的扳动部的第二部件和滚子的另一种结构，其 第一部件 420 朝向第二部件的第一表面 4201 为光滑曲面，本例中为圆柱面；第二部件的保持架为环状体，其 上沿垂直于 第一部件 420 和第二部件的转动轴的方 向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内 ，这里的空间类似与图 25 所示的第二部件上的空间 3212 。各个空间具有朝向第一部件 420 的第一开口，和朝向工件的第二开口。 由此被第一表面 4201 和工件的表面限制的该空间成为该滚子的活动空间，如活动空间 426 。 活动空间被设计为具有较大的第一部分和较小的第二部分。滚子 通过其所在的空间的第一开口与第一表面 4201 接触并由此能被第一部件 420 带动，滚子通过第二开口与工件接触。通过两者间的摩檫力， 第一部件 420 能带动滚子从其所在的空间的第一部分移动到第二部分或者从第二部分移动到第一部分。在第一部分的滚子能自由转动，在第二部分的滚子被夹在第一部件 420 和工件之间。
保持架的第一部分 421a 为板状结构，其与第二部分通过诸如螺钉 428 的多个螺钉接合在一起。第二部分（如前一示例中的第二部分 411b ）上具有多个凹槽，如凹槽 421b2 。第二部分与第一部分 421a 完成接合后，这些凹槽部分形成保持架的上述的空间。另外，保持架具有朝向工件的如表面部分 4211 的多个表面部分。
第二部件具有限位结构以使滚子不脱离通孔和凹陷。本实施例中的 滚子为中部较细的圆柱形的滚柱或滚针，如图 35 所示。限位结构为中间 部分为 U 形的弹片，如图 36 所示。通过将滚柱或滚针的中部卡入弹片的 U 型部分，将弹片的端部固定在保持架上 ，即实现限制滚子的运动范围，即滚子被限制在通孔和凹陷中。并且，这种结构的滚子在弹片的作用下不易侧翻。
另外，本结构中弹片还能起到前一实施例中的弹性件的作用，如弹片 425 ，其 U 形部分的一侧被顶杆 427 抵触，以贴合于保持架。各个弹片分别 沿从其所在的活动空间的第一部分向第二部分的方向延伸，即其 回复力方向为从 第一部分指向第二部分 的方向。
除以上描述的部分，本结构中的第一部件 420 、第二部件和滚子的结构、设置方式和工作方式与前一结构相同，在此不赘述。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域的技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种扳手，用于扳动工件，包括扳动部和握持部，所述握持部延伸并在其延伸端与所述扳动部相联接，其特征在于，还包括单向传动机构，所述单向传动机构包括滚子、第一部件和至少部分地套设在所述第一部件中的第二部件；所述第一部件固定设置在所述扳手的扳动部，所述第二部件用于与所述工件配合；来自于所述扳动部的转动力矩的方向为沿所述第一部件的转动轴的第一方向和第二方向；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的一个，所述滚子使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件静止以将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的另一个，所述滚子使所述第二部件相对于所述第一部件转动而不将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件的第一表面与所述第二部件的第二表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面上具有多个槽，所述多个槽沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向分布；每一个所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定一个所述滚子的活动空间；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面上具有多个槽，所述多个槽沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向分布；每一个所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定一个所述滚子的活动空间；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的扳手，其中所述第一表面为圆柱面。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的扳手，其中所述滚子是滚珠、滚柱或滚针。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的扳手，其中还包括布置在所述第一部分的弹性件，所述弹性件沿从所述第一部分到所述第二部分的方向延伸且抵触所述滚子以使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
  7. 如权利要求2或3所述的扳手，其中在垂直于所述转动轴的所述第二表面的横截面上，所述槽均匀或不均匀地分布。
  8. 如权利要求2或3所述的扳手，其中在垂直于所述转动轴的所述第二表面的横截面靠近所述握持部的部分上，所述槽均匀或不均匀地分布，所述槽的个数不小于3。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的扳手，其中所述第二部件具有用于与所述工件配合的第三表面。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的扳手，其中所述第二部件具有用于与所述工件配合的第三表面。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面和所述第二表面皆为光滑曲面；所述各个滚子分布在所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间，任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
  12. 如权利要求11述的扳手，其中所述第一表面和所述第二表面为圆柱面。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件的第一表面与所述第二部件的第二表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面在接近所述握持部的部分具有槽，所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定所述各个滚子的活动空间；任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件的第二表面与所述第二部件的第一表面彼此相对；所述第一表面为光滑曲面，所述第二表面在接近所述握持部的部分具有槽，所述槽和它面对的所述第一表面一起限定所述各个滚子的活动空间；任意两个相邻的所述滚子之间有弹性件相连，所述弹性件的延伸方向为从其中一个所述滚子到另一个所述滚子；所述滚子的垂直于所述转动轴的截面具有最大宽度和最小宽度，所述最大宽度大于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离，所述最小宽度小于所述滚子所在处的所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离；被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子的转动中，沿其所述截面的最大宽度方向的轴线与其所在处的所述第一表面的法线之间的夹角逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的扳手，其中所述第一表面为圆柱面。
  16. 如权利要求12-14中任何一个所述的扳手，其中所述弹性件处于被挤压的状态，且使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的扳手，其中所述第二部件具有用于与所述工件配合的第三表面。
  18. 一种扳手，用于扳动工件，包括扳动部和握持部，所述握持部延伸并在其延伸端与所述扳动部相联接，其特征在于，还包括单向传动机构，所述单向传动机构包括滚子、第一部件和至少部分地套设在所述第一部件中的保持架；所述第一部件固定设置在所述扳手的扳动部，所述保持架用于容纳所述滚子并接纳与所述工件；来自于所述扳动部的转动力矩的方向为沿所述第一部件的转动轴的第一方向和第二方向；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的一个，所述滚子使所述工件相对于所述第一部件静止以将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件；对于所述第一方向的所述转动力矩和所述第二方向的所述转动力矩中的另一个，所述滚子使所述工件相对于所述第一部件转动而不将所述转动力矩输出到所述工件。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的扳手，其中所述第一部件朝向所述保持架第一表面为光滑曲面，所述保持架上沿垂直于所述转动轴的方向设置有多个彼此间隔开的空间，各个所述滚子分别地被容纳在各个空间内；所述空间具有朝向所述第一表面的第一开口和朝向所述工件的第二开口，所述滚子通过所述第一开口与所述第一表面接触并由此能被所述第一部件带动，所述滚子通过所述第二开口与所述工件接触；被所述第一表面和所述工件的表面限定的所述空间为其中的所述滚子的活动空间，被所述第一部件带动的所述滚子从所述活动空间的第一部分移动到所述活动空间的第二部分或者从所述第二部分移动到所述第一部分，在所述第一部分的所述滚子能自由转动，在所述第二部分的所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述工件之间。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的扳手，其中还包括布置在所述第一部分的弹性件，所述弹性件沿从所述第一部分到所述第二部分的方向延伸且抵触所述滚子以使所述滚子被夹在所述第一部件和所述工件之间。
  21. 如权利要求19所述的扳手，其中所述滚子为滚珠、滚柱或滚针，所述第二开口的宽度小于所述滚珠、滚柱或滚针的直径，以使所述滚子不脱离所述空间。
  22. 如权利要求19所述的扳手，其中所述滚子为滚柱或滚针，所述滚柱或滚针的至少一个端部具有凸起；所述保持架上还具有限位结构，所述限位结构使所述滚子不脱离所述空间，所述限位结构为滑槽；所述凸起嵌入于所述滑槽中。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的扳手，其中所述保持架上还具有弹性顶杆，所述弹性顶杆用于抵触所述工件。
  24. 如权利要求19所述的扳手，其中所述滚子为滚柱或滚针，所述滚柱或滚针的中部处的直径小于其上、下部处的直径；所述保持架上还具有限位结构，所述限位结构使所述滚子不脱离所述空间，所述限位结构为部分为U形的弹片；所述滚柱或滚针的中部卡入所述弹片的U型部分，所述滚柱或滚针的上部和下部用于与所述第一部件和所述工件接触。
  25. 如权利要求1或18所述的扳手，其中还包括挡圈，所述挡圈抵触所述保持架的端面以限制所述保持架在所述转动轴方向上的活动。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的扳手，其中还包括用于抵触所述挡圈的卡簧，所述卡簧与设置在所述扳动部的环形槽配合，以避免所述挡圈沿所述转动轴的方向脱离所述扳动部。
  27. 如权利要求1或18所述的扳手，其中所述扳手具有两个所述扳动部，所述握持部连接于所述两个扳动部之间。
PCT/CN2015/078249 2015-05-05 2015-05-05 扳手 WO2016176817A1 (zh)

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US15/565,205 US10589404B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2015-05-05 Wrench
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US20180079055A1 (en) 2018-03-22
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US10589404B2 (en) 2020-03-17
AU2015394039A1 (en) 2017-12-21
EP3292956B1 (en) 2020-09-30
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CA2984969A1 (en) 2016-11-10
JP6647318B2 (ja) 2020-02-14

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