WO2016173304A1 - 一种新型风力机联动变桨系统 - Google Patents

一种新型风力机联动变桨系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173304A1
WO2016173304A1 PCT/CN2016/071791 CN2016071791W WO2016173304A1 WO 2016173304 A1 WO2016173304 A1 WO 2016173304A1 CN 2016071791 W CN2016071791 W CN 2016071791W WO 2016173304 A1 WO2016173304 A1 WO 2016173304A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
linkage
blade
wire rope
plate assembly
holster
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PCT/CN2016/071791
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王一鸣
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宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司
王一鸣
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Application filed by 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司, 王一鸣 filed Critical 宁波锦浪新能源科技有限公司
Priority to JP2017524469A priority Critical patent/JP2017535716A/ja
Publication of WO2016173304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173304A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel wind turbine linkage pitch system, which is a passive plus active variable slurry wind turbine linkage system.
  • Wind energy is a renewable green energy source. How to effectively use wind energy is a major issue facing centuries. China is a world's most populous country and its dependence on energy is also very large. Wind energy is one of the major new energy sources for the current and future development of China and the world. Due to geographical differences, the wind speed and wind direction of the natural world are very different. How to make the wind turbine operate efficiently under the influence of different wind speeds and wind directions is an important issue that wind turbine designers need to solve.
  • the main components of the fan are: shroud, machine compartment, anemometer system and control system.
  • many large and medium-sized wind turbines generally adopt electric active variable pitch control technology to stop the protection unit by adjusting the blade pitch angle in real time to change the blade angle of attack to obtain the best power and control the feathering.
  • Such a structural control system is relatively complicated and has high maintenance costs.
  • the electric variable pitch control system has a complicated mechanism, which is difficult to manufacture and install, has many failures, and has relatively high cost.
  • Small wind turbines generally use fixed blade blade stall control technology and yaw control technology. Due to the adverse weather environment, there are shortcomings such as unstable power generation control, low power generation efficiency, poor safety, and short fan life.
  • Some small and medium-sized wind turbines use gear linkage technology even if they use linkage pitch control technology. This structure is complicated and the precision is not high.
  • a fan linkage variable pulping system for manual and electric linkage reforming of a fan, comprising a blade set and a pulping system connected to the nose hub, the pulping
  • the system includes manual pulping and electric pulping, wherein
  • the blade set is mounted on the head hub by two or more blades with a blade root shaft, and the center line of each blade root axis intersects the center line of the nose hub, and the root of the blade root shaft is coupled with the gravity rod.
  • the gravity rod is connected to the linkage plate uniformly distributed with the waist hole through the joint bearing to form a linkage mechanism;
  • the manual pulping is that the linkage disc is mounted on the head hub through a central bearing coupling, and the linkage disc has a mounting through hole in the pitch rotation direction thereof, and is connected through the pin shaft, the adjusting spring, and the spring cover and the positioning nut.
  • the adjusting spring is adjusted to the specified value by adjusting the positioning nut on the pin shaft, that is, the initial balance force of the blade group linkage pitch is set, and a limit bolt is mounted on the nose hub and the top plate is supported by the adjustment.
  • the length of the limit bolt is used to control the starting position of the rotation of the interlocking disc to control the initial mounting angle of each blade;
  • the electric pitching composition is fixed on the head hub by a tension spring through a flexible wire rope on which the aluminum alloy pressing joint is fixed, and the other end passes through the flexible wire rope guide sleeve to generate electricity.
  • the on-board hollow generator main shaft is coupled to an electric stretching system fixed to the generator.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good stability and high linkage precision, and the motor main control system signal is used to command the electric stretching system to control the blade pitch angle, thereby realizing the blade active pulping; utilizing the multi-degree of freedom rotation of the joint bearing and The high-precision fit of the interlocking lumbar hole and the outer ring of the joint bearing and the movability of the joint bearing in the waist hole reach a high degree of synchronization between the blades of the impeller during blade pitching, solving the wind shearing and downwind direction.
  • the synchronization of the pitch and the timely and active pitching can effectively improve the stability of the unit operation, increase the power generation, extend the operating life of the unit, and ensure the safe operation of the unit.
  • the application number 201210588258.9 discloses a pitch system of a wind turbine, including a pitch drive, a pitch motor, a pitch reducer, and a signal slip ring, a generator stator and a super capacitor in the fan nacelle, having a changeover switch,
  • the transfer switch switches the power supply from the super capacitor and the external power supply, and then connects the signal slip ring;
  • the super capacitor also has a charger including a power factor conversion circuit unit, a DC/DC switch circuit unit, and a super capacitor battery voltage equalization protection unit.
  • the system of the invention can realize the linkage between the nacelle, the blade, the base and the control base station, and realizes the feathering in the rapid reaction when the main power loss occurs, and optimizes the signal slip ring and the super capacitor to ensure the standby power. Fault-free switching and continuous use, system security, low failure rate and low cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel wind turbine linkage pitch system, which relates to an improvement of a wind turbine linkage system.
  • a novel wind turbine linkage pitching system which drives the blade to actively or passively pitch, and several sets of blades with a rotating shaft are connected with the hub of the nose via a bearing, including a linkage change that drives the rotation of the blade.
  • a slurry mechanism, a hollow spindle generator system, and an electric stretching system wherein the plurality of blades with the rotating shaft are respectively uniformly mounted on the outer circumference of the nose hub through the bearing circumferential direction
  • the linkage pitching mechanism is at least a linkage plate assembly disposed in the hub, a joint bearing, a linkage plate assembly coupled to the linkage plate assembly, a bearing on the linkage plate assembly, and a wire rope assembly, wherein
  • the linkage plate assembly is coupled to the blade root hinge of the blade and connected to the linkage plate assembly through a joint bearing provided on the linkage plate assembly;
  • the linkage plate assembly is a linkage plate with a central shaft hole and a claw corresponding to the number of blade sets, a linkage pin is arranged on the linkage plate assembly, and the claw end is connected to the fixed plate, and the linkage plate assembly is configured a center bearing in the central shaft hole is mounted on the nose hub, and the linkage plate assembly is connected by its joint bearing to a linkage pin provided on the linkage plate assembly;
  • the wire rope assembly comprises a flexible steel wire rope, a steel wire rope holster and a leather sleeve fixing seat passing through the hollow generator main shaft, the flexible steel wire rope is fixed on the fixed plate 3, and is fixed to the hollow generator main shaft via the leather sleeve fixing seat.
  • the initial position of the blade group linkage pitch is set by adjusting the length of the flexible wire rope between the fixed plate 3 and the holster fixing seat, and is restored to the starting position by the bumper after the pitching Speed buffer control to meet design value requirements;
  • the electric pitcher is pressed by one end of a rope clamp bolt flexible steel cord, passes through the fixed plate 3 and is fixed on the fixed plate 3 by a nut, and the other end is fixed on the electric stretching system of the generator through the wire rope holster, wherein the wire rope skin
  • One end of the sleeve is fixed to the holster fixing seat and fixed to the connecting end of the hollow generator main shaft and the electric stretching system via the hollow generator main shaft.
  • the linkage plate assembly can be rotated around the center line of the nose hub, and the plurality of sets of rotating shaft blades are mounted on the nose hub through bearings, and the center axes of the respective blade shafts intersect with the center line of the nose hub.
  • the linkage plate assembly is mounted on the blade rotating shaft, and the rotation angle of the wire is fixed by the extension of the wire rope fixed on the linkage plate assembly to achieve synchronization of the rotation of the multi-blade around the blade rotation axis.
  • the electric pitching mechanism is configured to stretch the flexible steel wire rope relative to the flexible steel wire rope holster during the action of the electric stretching system, and simultaneously connect the fixed plate assembly fixing plate 3 and The nut of the wire rope clamp bolt pushes the linkage disk to rotate, and the linkage disk rotates through the linkage pin, the joint bearing and the linkage plate assembly to drive the blade to rotate around its rotation axis to change the blade angle of attack, thereby achieving automatic linkage pitching, wherein the flexible wire rope holster is opposite to the machine
  • the head hub and the hollow motor main shaft are stationary; the flexible steel cord is only axially moved relative to the flexible steel cord holster, and does not rotate relative to the hollow motor main shaft and the nose hub.
  • the buffer is a pitch damping spring, so that the impeller power output tends to be stable when the blades are pitched.
  • the invention belongs to an active plus passive wind power generator pulping system, and has the technical effects of simple structure, light weight, reliable action, convenient adjustment, low cost and high linkage precision, and effectively improves the unit through the synchronization of the pitch and the timely and active pitch control.
  • the stability of operation increase the power generation, extend the operating life of the unit, and ensure the safe operation of the unit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the present invention for use on a wind power generator set
  • FIG. 2 is a front view showing the structure of the linkage system of the fan blade with the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a linkage system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the blade root spindle and the linkage plate assembly of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the installation of the linkage plate assembly of the present invention through a joint bearing
  • Figure 6 is a schematic exploded view of the linkage plate assembly of the present invention.
  • 23 flexible steel wire rope
  • 24 wire rope leather case
  • 25 wire rope assembly
  • 26 nut
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the wind turbine generator set of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the linkage system of the fan blade of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the linkage system of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation of the linkage plate assembly of the present invention through the joint bearing
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the linkage plate assembly of the present invention:
  • a novel wind turbine linkage pitch system is used on a three-blade wind power generator.
  • a three-blade wind turbine is disposed in the machine compartment 1 and the shroud 5.
  • the inside of the cavity includes an electric stretching system 2, an anemometer 3 for measuring the wind speed, a generator 4, a nose hub 8 connected to the shaft of the generator 4, and the blade 6 is fixed to the blade rotating shaft assembly 9 via the blade mounting plate 7.
  • the interlocking pitch system of the present invention comprising at least the linkage plate assembly 12, the linkage plate assembly 15 and the wire rope assembly 25 is provided in the nose hub 8.
  • the invention relates to a novel wind turbine linkage pitching system, which drives the blade to actively or passively pitch.
  • a novel wind turbine linkage pitching system which drives the blade to actively or passively pitch.
  • three sets of blades 6 with a rotating shaft are connected with the nose hub 8 via a bearing 11, including driving the blade to rotate.
  • the linkage pitch mechanism is composed of at least a linkage plate assembly 12 disposed in the hub 8, a joint bearing 13, a linkage plate assembly 15 coupled to the linkage plate assembly 12, a center bearing 16 on the linkage plate assembly 15, and a wire rope assembly 25. ,among them,
  • the blade root shaft 10 is coupled to the linkage plate in the linkage plate assembly 12 via the bearing 11.
  • the top of the linkage plate in Fig. 5 is provided with a joint bearing 13.
  • the linkage plate assembly 12 is coupled to the blade root shaft 10 of the blade and connected to the linkage plate assembly 15 through the joint bearing 13 on the linkage plate assembly 12;
  • the interlocking disk assembly 15 is a linkage disk having a central shaft hole and a claw corresponding to the number of blade sets, and a fixing plate is connected at the end of each of the bending claws.
  • a center bearing 16 disposed in the central shaft bore is mounted on the nose hub 8, and the linkage plate assembly 15 can be wound around the centerline of the nose hub 8 Rotating, the linkage pin 17 on the linkage plate assembly 15, the linkage plate assembly 12 is coupled to the linkage pin 17 provided on the linkage plate assembly 15 by the joint bearing 13, and at least one fixing plate is coupled to the wire rope assembly 25;
  • the wire rope assembly 25 includes a flexible steel wire rope 23, a steel wire holster 24 passing through the hollow main shaft of the generator, and a holster fixing seat 21.
  • One end of the flexible steel wire rope 23 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and the other end passes through the steel wire rope through the holster fixing seat 21.
  • the holster 24 is fixed to the electric stretching system 2 to realize electric pitching, and the initial position of the blade group linkage pitch is set by adjusting the length of the flexible wire rope 23 between the fixed plate and the holster fixing seat 21, and is buffered. 14 The speed of returning to the starting position after pitching is buffered to meet the design value requirements.
  • the interlocking disc assembly 15 can be rotated around the center line of the head hub 8, and several sets of rotating shaft blades 6 are mounted on the head hub 8 through the bearing 11 and each blade
  • the shaft center line intersects the center line of the nose hub, and the linkage plate assembly 12 is mounted on the blade shaft, and the rotation angle of the wire rod is controlled by the extension of the wire rope fixed on the linkage plate assembly 15 to achieve the rotation of the multi-blade rotation around the blade shaft.
  • the flexible wire rope 23 has a rope clamp bolt 22 pressed at one end, passed through the fixing plate 3 18 and fixed to the fixing plate 3 18 by a nut 26, and the other end is fixed to the generator through the wire rope holster 24.
  • the electric stretching system 2 is characterized in that one end of the steel wire holster 24 is fixed on the holster fixing seat 21, and the other end is fixed on the connecting end of the hollow generator main shaft and the electric stretching system 2 via the hollow main shaft of the generator 4.
  • the holster mount 21 is fixed to the wheel holster fixing plate 20 provided on the nose hub 8.
  • the buffer 14 is a pitch damping spring, so that the impeller power output tends to be stable when the blades are pitched.
  • the electric stretching system 2 and the flexible steel wire holster 24 and the flexible steel wire rope 23 are related to each other, the electric stretching system 2 is only uniaxially stretched, wherein the flexible steel wire holster 24 does not oppose the hollow main shaft of the generator. Movement, while the flexible wire rope 23 moves axially only along the hollow main shaft, and when the pitch returns, the flexible wire rope 23 returns under the action of the damper 14.
  • the working principle of the invention is: commanding the electric drawing system to control the blade pitch angle through the signal of the fan main control system, thereby realizing the blade active pulping; utilizing the multi-degree of freedom rotation of the joint bearing and the linkage disk group
  • the linkage between the linkage pin and the joint bearing and the joint bearing on the linkage plate assembly achieve high synchronization between the blades of the impeller during blade pitching, which solves the problem caused by wind shear and downwind tower shadow effect.
  • the problem of pitch unsynchronization caused by uneven blade pitch is: commanding the electric drawing system to control the blade pitch angle through the signal of the fan main control system, thereby realizing the blade active pulping; utilizing the multi-degree of freedom rotation of the joint bearing and the linkage disk group
  • the blade 6 generates a moment about the main axis of the blade under the action of aerodynamic load and the blade's own weight. This torque is related to the blade weight, the center of gravity position, the impeller speed, the wind speed, and the wind direction. Under this moment, the blades will rotate around the main axis of the blade root; the blades rotate in the same direction around the main axis of the blade root, driving the linkage plate assembly 12 to rotate radially around the main axis of the blade root, and the rotation of the blade 6 around the main axis of the blade root will drive The linkage plate assembly 15 rotates about the bearing 16, i.e., the impeller rotation centerline. This structure ensures dynamic and static synchronization of multi-blade rotation.
  • the embodiment is a three-blade fan, with a spindle blade 6 connected to the nose hub 8 through the spindle, the blade 6 can rotate around the spindle, 9 - blade shaft assembly; 10 - blade root Rotating shaft
  • each blade mount assembly intersects the center line of the rotor hub, and a linkage plate assembly is mounted at the root of the main shaft, and a joint bearing is mounted on the linkage plate assembly.
  • the linkage plate assembly is matched by the profile and has a relative position requirement with the blade main shaft.
  • the three sets of the assembly are connected to the linkage plate assembly through the joint bearing, and the linkage plate assembly is connected to the rotor hub through the bearing, and the linkage plate can rotate around the hub center line, the joint
  • the multi-degree of freedom rotation of the bearing and the vertical radial direction movement of the linkage plate assembly make the multi-blade linkage flexible.
  • the value that the blade needs to overcome for initial pitching of the blade is set, and the damper mounted on the nose hub is used to buffer the blade after pitching.
  • the impact of the interlocking disc assembly on the return stroke makes the return trip smooth.
  • an electric pitching system is added, and the relative movement of the moving direction and angle of the mechanism is realized by the relative movement of the wire rope and the wire rope sleeve to achieve the purpose of driving the controlled pitching motion at a reasonable position.
  • the electric stretching system 2 obtains the signal of the main control system of the fan to act, pulling the flexible steel wire rope 23 relative to the flexible steel wire rope
  • the sleeve 24 is moved so that the nut 26 fixed to the flexible wire rope 23 rope clamp bolt pushes the fixing plate 38 on the linkage disk assembly 15 to rotate the linkage plate assembly 15, and the linkage disk assembly 15 rotates through the linkage pin 17 and the linkage pin.
  • the linkage plate assembly 12 drives the main shaft of the blade to rotate, thereby achieving a change in the pitch angle of the blade 6.
  • the interlocking disc assembly 15 returns at the designed return speed under the action of the damper spring of the damper 14, and stops at the initial length of the flexible steel cord 23, reaching the initial installation angle of the blade. Position, pitch recovery is complete.
  • the invention belongs to an active plus passive wind power generator pulping system, and has the technical effects of simple structure, light weight, reliable action, convenient adjustment, low cost and high linkage precision, and effectively improves the unit through the synchronization of the pitch and the timely and active pitch control.
  • the stability of operation increase the power generation, extend the operating life of the unit, and ensure the safe operation of the unit.

Abstract

一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，带动叶片（6）主动或被动变桨，由几组带转轴的叶片（6）分别通过轴承（11）周向均匀安装在机头轮毂（8）外周上电动变桨，包括带动叶片转动的联动变桨机构、带空心主轴发电机系统、电动拉伸系统（2），其中：所述的联动变桨机构至少由设在轮毂（8）内的联动板组件（12）、关节轴承（13）、与联动板组件（12）连接的联动盘组件（15）、联动盘组件（15）上的中心轴承（16）、钢丝绳组件（25）构成。该风力发电机变桨系统具有结构简单、重量轻、动作可靠、调节方便、成本低且联动精度高的技术效果，从而有效提高机组运行的稳定性，提高发电量，延长机组运行寿命，保障机组运行安全。

Description

一种新型风力机联动变桨系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，为一种被动加主动变浆风力发电机联动系统。
背景技术
风能是可再生的绿色环保能源，如何有效的利用风能，是人类面临的一大课题。我国是世界人口大国，对能源的依赖也是非常的大。风能是我国及世界各国目前及将来发展的主要新能源之一。由于地域的差异，自然界的风速、风向存在很大差异；如何使风机在不同风速、风向的影响下仍然能高效作业，是风机设计人员需要解决的重要课题。风机主要部件有：导流罩、机仓、风速仪系统及控制系统。
目前许多大中型风力发电机一般采用电动主动变浆距控制技术，通过实时调整叶片的浆距角以改变叶片攻角获得最佳功率及控制顺桨来停机保护机组。此种结构控制系统相对复杂，维护保养成本高。特别是对中小型风机而言，电动变浆距控制系统机构复杂，其制造、安装难度大，故障多，相对成本较高。而小型风力发电机一般采用定桨矩叶片失速控制技术、偏航控制技术，由于受恶劣天气环境影响，存在发电功率控制不稳定、发电效率低、安全性较差、风机寿命较短等缺点。有些中小型风机即使采用联动变桨控制技术，一般也是采用齿轮联动，此结构复杂而且精度不高。
本申请人在申请号201210587711.4发明中公开了一种风机联动变浆系统，用于风机的手动和电动联动变浆，包括叶片组和与机头轮毂连接的变浆系统，：所述的变浆系统包括手动变浆和电动变浆，其中，
所述的叶片组是由二个以上带叶根转轴的叶片通过叶片转轴轴承安装于机头轮毂上，各叶根转轴中心线相交于机头轮毂中心线，叶根转轴的根部联接重力杆，重力杆通过关节轴承与均布有腰孔的联动盘联接构成联动机构；
所述的手动变浆是联动盘通过中心轴承联接安装于机头轮毂上，该联动盘上在其变桨旋转方向上有安装通孔，通过销轴、调节弹簧、及弹簧盖及定位螺母联接于机头轮毂上，通过调整销轴上定位螺母来压缩调节弹簧到规定值，即设置叶片组联动变桨初始平衡力，一限位螺栓安装在机头轮毂上并顶住联动盘，通过调节限位螺栓的长度来控制联动盘转动起始位置从而控制各叶片的起始安装角；
所述的电动变桨组成由在其上固定有铝合金压制接头的柔性钢丝绳通过联动盘的配合过孔一端由拉簧固定于机头轮毂上，另一端通过柔性钢丝绳导套一并穿过发电机上的空心发电机主轴联接于固定在发电机上的电动拉伸系统上。具有 结构简单、成本低、稳定性好，联动精度高的特点，通过风机主控系统信号来指令电动拉伸系统控制叶片变浆角度，从而实现叶片主动变浆；利用关节轴承的多自由度旋转及联动盘腰孔与关节轴承的外圏的高精度配合和关节轴承在腰孔内的可运动性达到叶轮各叶片间在叶片变桨时达到高度的同步性，解决了因风剪切、下风向塔影效应等引起的叶片变桨力不均而造成的变桨不同步问题。变桨的同步及适时主动的变桨，有效提高机组运行的稳定性，提高发电量，延长机组运行寿命，保障机组运行安全。
另，申请号201210588258.9公开了一种风电机组的变桨系统，包括变桨驱动器、变桨电机、变桨减速器，以及风机机舱中的信号滑环、发电机定子和超级电容，具有转换开关，转换开关将来自超级电容和外部电源的供电进行切换，然后连接信号滑环；超级电容还具有充电器，充电器包括功率因子变换电路单元、DC/DC开关电路单元和超级电容电池均压保护单元；外部电源和转换开关之间还具有预警设备；超级电容的充电器和风机控制基站具有接收设备，接收预警设备传来的信号。该发明所述系统，可实现机舱、桨叶、机座和控制基站间的联动，在主电丢失情况发生时，快速反应实现顺桨，并且优化了信号滑环和超级电容，保证备用电的无故障切换和持续使用，系统安全、故障率低、成本低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，涉及风力发电机联动系统的改进。
本发明目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，带动叶片主动或被动变桨，由几组带转轴的叶片经轴承与机头轮毂连接，包括带动叶片转动的联动变浆机构、带空心主轴发电机系统、电动拉伸系统，所述的几组带转轴的叶片分别通过轴承周向均匀安装在机头轮毂外周上电动变桨，所述的联动变桨机构至少由设在轮毂内的联动板组件、关节轴承、与联动板组件连接的联动盘组件、联动盘组件上的轴承、钢丝绳组件构成，其中，
所述的联动板组件与叶片的叶根转轴连接并通过设在联动板组件上的关节轴承与联动盘组件连接；
所述的联动盘组件为带中心轴孔和与叶片组数对应的弯爪的联动盘，在联动盘组件上设联动销，且弯爪端头连接固定板，所述的联动盘组件通过设在中心轴孔内的中心轴承安装在机头轮毂上，所述的联动板组件通过其关节轴承与设在联动盘组件上的联动销连接；
所述的钢丝绳组件包括柔性钢丝绳、穿过空心发电机主轴的钢丝绳皮套和皮套固定座，柔性钢丝绳固定在固定板三上，经皮套固定座固定在空心发电机主轴 与电动拉伸系统的连接端，通过调节固定板三与皮套固定座之间柔性钢丝绳的长度来设定叶片组联动变桨初始位置，并由缓冲器对变桨后恢复到起始位置的速度进行缓冲控制，以达到设计值要求；
电动变桨由一端压制一绳夹螺栓柔性钢丝绳，穿过固定板三并通过螺母固定在固定板三上，另一端穿过钢丝绳皮套固定在发电机上的电动拉伸系统上，其中，钢丝绳皮套一端固定在皮套固定座经空心发电机主轴固定在空心发电机主轴与电动拉伸系统的连接端。
在上述方案基础上，所述的联动盘组件能绕机头轮毂中心线转动，几组带转轴叶片通过轴承安装于机头轮毂上且各叶片转轴中心线相交于机头轮毂中心线，所述的联动板组件装在叶片转轴上，通过联动盘组件上固定的钢丝绳伸长量来控制联动盘旋转角度达到多叶片绕叶片转轴转动同步。
在上述方案基础上，所述的电动变桨机构是在电动拉伸系统动作时，拉伸所述的柔性钢丝绳相对于柔性钢丝绳皮套轴向运动，同时用于连接联动板组件固定板三以及钢丝绳绳夹螺栓的螺母推动联动盘旋转，联动盘转动通过联动销、关节轴承及联动板组件带动叶片绕其转轴转动改变叶片攻角，达到自动联动变桨，其中，柔性钢丝绳皮套相对于机头轮毂和空心电机主轴静止；所述的柔性钢丝绳只相对于柔性钢丝绳皮套作轴向运动，不发生相对于空心电机主轴、机头轮毂转动。
在上述方案基础上，所述的缓冲器为变桨阻尼弹簧，使叶片联动变桨时达到叶轮功率输出趋于平稳。
在上述方案基础上，所述的电动拉伸系统与柔性钢丝绳皮套及柔性钢丝绳发生相关动作时，只单向拉伸，其中,柔性钢丝绳皮套不与发电机的空心主轴发生相对运动，而柔性钢丝绳沿空心主轴的轴向运动，在变桨返回时，柔性钢丝绳在缓冲器作用下返回。
本发明属主动加被动风力发电机变浆系统，具有结构简单、重量轻、动作可靠、调节方便、成本低且联动精度高的技术效果，通过变桨的同步及适时主动的变桨来有效提高机组运行的稳定性，提高发电量，延长机组运行寿命，保障机组运行安全。
附图说明
图1是本发明用在风力发电机组上的总体结构示意图；
图2本发明风机带叶片的联动系统主视结构示意图；
图3是本发明的联动系统立体结构示意图；
图4本发明的叶根主轴及联动板组件连接结构示意图；
图5本发明的联动板组件通过关节轴承安装示意图；
图6本发明联动盘组件分解结构示意图；
图中标号说明：
1——机仓；        2——电动拉伸系统；   3——风速仪；       4——发电机；
5——导流罩；      6——叶片；           7——叶片安装板；
8——机头轮毂；    9——叶片转轴组件；   10——叶根转轴；
11——轴承；       12——联动板组件；    13——关节轴承；
14——阻尼弹簧；   15——联动盘组件；    16——轴承；
17——联动销；     18——固定板三；      19——销轴；
20——皮套固定板； 21——皮套固定座；    22——绳夹螺栓；
23——柔性钢丝绳； 24——钢丝绳皮套；    25——钢丝绳组件；  26——螺母。
具体实施方式
如图1是本发明用在风力发电机组上的总体结构示意图、图2本发明风机带叶片的联动系统主视结构示意图、图3是本发明的联动系统立体结构示意图、图4本发明的叶根主轴及联动板组件连接结构示意图、图5本发明的联动板组件通过关节轴承安装示意图和图6本发明联动盘组件分解结构示意图所示：
本实施例一种新型风力机联动变桨系统用在三叶式风力发电机组上，如图1和图2所示，三叶式风力发电机设在机仓1和导流罩5围成的腔体内，依序包括电动拉伸系统2、测风速的风速仪3、发电机4，与发电机4轴连接的机头轮毂8，叶片6经叶片安装板7固定在叶片转轴组件9上，本发明至少包括联动板组件12、联动盘组件15和钢丝绳组件25构成的联动变桨系统设在机头轮毂8。
本发明一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，带动叶片主动或被动变桨，如图1至3所示，由三组带转轴的叶片6经轴承11与机头轮毂8连接，包括带动叶片转动的联动变浆机构、带空心主轴发电机系统、电动拉伸系统2，所述的几组带转轴的叶片6分别通过轴承11周向均匀安装在机头轮毂8外周上电动变桨，其中：所述的联动变桨机构至少由设在轮毂8内的联动板组件12、关节轴承13、与联动板组件12连接的联动盘组件15、联动盘组件15上的中心轴承16、钢丝绳组件25构成，其中，
如图4和5所示，图4中，叶根转轴10经轴承11连接联动板组件12中的联动板。图5中联动板的顶部设有关节轴承13。所述的联动板组件12与叶片的叶根转轴10连接并通过联动板组件12上的关节轴承13与联动盘组件15连接；
如图3和6所示，图6中，所述的联动盘组件15为带中心轴孔和与叶片组数对应的弯爪的联动盘，在每个弯爪的端头连接固定板，通过设在中心轴孔内的中心轴承16安装在机头轮毂8上，所述的联动盘组件15能绕机头轮毂8中心线 转动，在联动盘组件15上的联动销17，所述的联动板组件12通过关节轴承13与设在联动盘组件15上的联动销17连接，且至少一个固定板与钢丝绳组件25连接；
所述的钢丝绳组件25包括柔性钢丝绳23、穿过发电机空心主轴的钢丝绳皮套24和皮套固定座21，柔性钢丝绳23一端与固定板连接固定，另一端经皮套固定座21穿过钢丝绳皮套24与电动拉伸系统2固定，实现电动变桨，通过调节所述固定板与皮套固定座21之间柔性钢丝绳23的长度来设定叶片组联动变桨初始位置，并由缓冲器14对变桨后恢复到起始位置的速度进行缓冲控制，以达到设计值要求。
在上述方案基础上，如图2至4所示，所述的联动盘组件15能绕机头轮毂8中心线转动，几组带转轴叶片6通过轴承11安装于机头轮毂8上且各叶片转轴中心线相交于机头轮毂中心线，所述的联动板组件12装在叶片转轴上，通过联动盘组件15上固定的钢丝绳伸长量来控制联动盘旋转角度达到多叶片绕叶片转轴转动同步。
如图3所示，所述的柔性钢丝绳23一端压制了绳夹螺栓22，穿过固定板三18并通过螺母26固定在固定板三18上，另一端穿过钢丝绳皮套24固定在发电机上的电动拉伸系统2上，其中，钢丝绳皮套24一端固定在皮套固定座21上，另一端经发电机4空心主轴固定在空心发电机主轴与电动拉伸系统2的连接端。所述的皮套固定座21固定在设在机头轮毂8上的轮皮套固定板20上。
在上述方案基础上，电动拉伸系统2动作时，柔性钢丝绳23相对于柔性钢丝绳皮套24轴向运动，同时用于连接联动板组件12的固定板三18以及连接柔性钢丝绳23绳夹螺栓22的螺母26推动联动盘旋转，转动的联动盘通过联动销17、关节轴承13及联动板组件12带动叶片绕其转轴电动变桨，改变叶片攻角达到自动联动变桨，其中，钢丝绳皮套24相对于机头轮毂8和电机空心主轴静止，而所述的柔性钢丝绳23不发生相对于空心电机主轴和机头轮毂8的转动。
所述的缓冲器14为变桨阻尼弹簧，使叶片联动变桨时达到叶轮功率输出趋于平稳。
所述的电动拉伸系统2与柔性钢丝绳皮套24及柔性钢丝绳23发生相关动作时，电动拉伸系统2只单向拉伸，其中,柔性钢丝绳皮套24不与发电机的空心主轴发生相对运动，而柔性钢丝绳23只沿空心主轴作轴向运动，在变桨返回时，柔性钢丝绳23在缓冲器14作用下返回。
本发明的工作原理是：通过风机主控系统信号来指令电动拉伸系统控制叶片变浆角度，从而实现叶片主动变浆；利用关节轴承的多自由度旋转及联动盘组 件中联动销与关节轴承连接和关节轴承在联动盘组件上可运动性达到叶轮各叶片间在叶片变桨时达到高度的同步性，解决了及因风剪切、下风向塔影效应等引起的叶片变桨力不均而造成的变桨不同步问题。
叶片6在气动载荷及叶片自重等作用力下会产生绕其叶根主轴的力矩，此力矩与叶片重量、重心位置、叶轮转速、风速、风向等有关。在此力矩作用下，叶片会绕其叶根主轴旋转；各叶片绕其叶根主轴旋转方向一致，带动联动板组件12绕叶根主轴径向旋转，叶片6绕其叶根主轴的转动将带动联动盘组件15绕轴承16即叶轮旋转中心线转动。此结构保证多叶片转动的动静同步性。
如图2和图4，本实施例为三叶式风机，带主轴叶片6通过该主轴与机头轮毂8连接，叶片6能绕该主轴旋转，9——叶片转轴组件；10——叶根转轴
对于各叶片安装座组件的主轴中心相交于风轮轮毂中心线，在该主轴根部装有联动板组件，联动板组件上装有一关节轴承。联动板组件通过型面配合且与叶片主轴有相对位置要求，三组此组件通过关节轴承与联动盘组件连接，联动盘组件通过轴承与风轮轮毂连接，联动盘能绕轮毂中心线旋转，关节轴承的多自由度旋转及联动盘组件旋转垂直径向方向移动使多叶片联动灵活。通过调整皮套固定座与固定板三连接的钢丝绳组件中钢丝绳的伸长量来设置叶片初始启动变桨所需克服的值，同时通过安装在机头轮毂上的阻尼器来缓冲叶片变桨后联动盘组件回程时冲击，使回程平稳。为了控制叶片自动变桨，增加了电动变桨系统，通过钢丝绳与钢丝绳套的相对运动来实现机构运动方向及角度的任意转移来达到合理位置驱动控制变桨运动的目的。通过上述结构，使多叶片风轮系统在叶片变桨时能完全同步，从而解决叶片变桨不同步造成的振动、噪音等问题。
在机组遇大风预警或需进行检修、维护等需要停机及其它工况需要自动或人为指令电动变桨时，电动拉伸系统2得到风机主控系统信号进行动作，拉动柔性钢丝绳23相对柔性钢丝绳皮套24运动，从而固定于柔性钢丝绳23绳夹螺栓上的螺母26推动联动盘组件15上的固定板三18带动联动盘组件15转动，联动盘组件15转动通过联动销17和与联动销连接的联动板组件12带动叶片主轴转动，从而达到叶片6桨矩角变化。当电动拉伸系统2得风机主控系统信号恢复返回时，联动盘组件15在缓冲器14阻尼弹簧的作用下按设计返回速度返回，并在柔性钢丝绳23初始长度处停止，达到叶片最初安装角位置，变桨恢复完成。
本发明属主动加被动风力发电机变浆系统，具有结构简单、重量轻、动作可靠、调节方便、成本低且联动精度高的技术效果，通过变桨的同步及适时主动的变桨来有效提高机组运行的稳定性，提高发电量，延长机组运行寿命，保障机组运行安全。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种新型风力机联动变桨系统，带动叶片主动或被动变桨，由几组带转轴的叶片(6)经轴承(11)与机头轮毂(8)连接，包括带动叶片转动的联动变浆机构、带空心主轴发电机系统、电动拉伸系统(2)，所述的几组带转轴的叶片(6)分别通过轴承(11)周向均匀安装在机头轮毂(8)外周上电动变桨，其特征在于：所述的联动变桨机构至少由设在轮毂(8)内的联动板组件(12)、关节轴承(13)、与联动板组件(12)连接的联动盘组件(15)、联动盘组件(15)上的中心轴承(16)、钢丝绳组件(25)构成，其中，
    所述的联动板组件(12)与叶片的叶根转轴(10)连接并通过联动板组件(12)上的关节轴承(13)与联动盘组件(15)连接；
    所述的联动盘组件(15)为带中心轴孔和与叶片组数对应的弯爪的联动盘，在联动盘组件(15)上设联动销(17)，在每个弯爪的端头连接固定板，通过设在中心轴孔内的中心轴承(16)安装在机头轮毂(8)上，所述的联动板组件(12)通过关节轴承(13)与设在联动盘组件(15)上的联动销(17)连接，且至少一个固定板与钢丝绳组件(25)连接；
    所述的钢丝绳组件(25)包括柔性钢丝绳(23)、穿过发电机空心主轴的钢丝绳皮套(24)和皮套固定座(21)，柔性钢丝绳(23)一端与一固定板连接固定，另一端经皮套固定座(21)穿过钢丝绳皮套(24)与电动拉伸系统(2)固定，实现电动变桨，通过调节所述固定板与皮套固定座(21)之间柔性钢丝绳(23)的长度来设定叶片组联动变桨初始位置，并由缓冲器(14)对变桨后恢复到起始位置的速度进行缓冲控制，以达到设计值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型风力机联动变桨系统，特征在于：所述的联动盘组件(15)能绕机头轮毂(8)中心线转动，几组带转轴叶片(6)通过轴承(11)安装于机头轮毂(8)上且各叶片转轴中心线相交于机头轮毂中心线，所述的联动板组件(12)装在叶片转轴上，通过联动盘组件(15)上固定的钢丝绳伸长量来控制联动盘旋转角度达到多叶片绕叶片转轴转动同步。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的新型风力机联动变桨系统，特征在于：所述的柔性钢丝绳(23)一端压制了绳夹螺栓(22)，穿过固定板三(18)并通过螺母(26)固定在固定板三(18)上，另一端穿过钢丝绳皮套(24)固定在发电机上的电动拉伸系统(2)上，其中，钢丝绳皮套(24)一端固定在皮套固定座(21)经发电机(4)空心主轴固定在空心发电机主轴与电动拉伸系统(2)的连接端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新型风力机联动变桨系统，特征在于：电动拉伸系统(2)动作时，柔性钢丝绳(23)相对于柔性钢丝绳皮套(24)轴向运动， 同时用于连接联动板组件(12)的固定板三(18)以及连接柔性钢丝绳(23)绳夹螺栓(22)的螺母(26)推动联动盘旋转，转动的联动盘通过联动销(17)、关节轴承(13)及联动板组件(12)带动叶片绕其转轴电动变桨，改变叶片攻角达到自动联动变桨，其中，钢丝绳皮套(24)相对于机头轮毂(8)和电机空心主轴静止，而所述的柔性钢丝绳(23)不发生相对于空心电机主轴和机头轮毂(8)的转动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的新型风力机联动变桨系统，特征在于：所述的缓冲器(14)为变桨阻尼弹簧，使叶片联动变桨时达到叶轮功率输出趋于平稳。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的新型风力机联动变桨系统，特征在于：所述的电动拉伸系统(2)与柔性钢丝绳皮套(24)及柔性钢丝绳(23)发生相关动作时，只单向拉伸，其中,柔性钢丝绳皮套(24)不与发电机的空心主轴发生相对运动，而柔性钢丝绳(23)沿空心主轴的轴向运动，在变桨返回时，柔性钢丝绳(23)在缓冲器(14)作用下返回。
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