WO2016169495A1 - 直轴型波轮发动机 - Google Patents

直轴型波轮发动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016169495A1
WO2016169495A1 PCT/CN2016/079881 CN2016079881W WO2016169495A1 WO 2016169495 A1 WO2016169495 A1 WO 2016169495A1 CN 2016079881 W CN2016079881 W CN 2016079881W WO 2016169495 A1 WO2016169495 A1 WO 2016169495A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pulsator
cylinder
piston
shaft
straight shaft
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PCT/CN2016/079881
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆友玲
Original Assignee
陆友玲
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Application filed by 陆友玲 filed Critical 陆友玲
Publication of WO2016169495A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016169495A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/26—Engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main-shaft axis; Engines with cylinder axes arranged substantially tangentially to a circle centred on main-shaft axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a direct-shaft type pulsator engine.
  • the engine is one of the necessary devices in mechanical equipment such as motor vehicles.
  • the more common engines mostly use the principle that the main components such as pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts and flywheels are mutually driven, and the external output power.
  • the engine of this structure has been used for more than a hundred years, and the original design of the invention has still been applied so far, and there has been no major change or technological breakthrough in structural design.
  • the crankshaft structure of the engine due to the different degrees of crankshaft and the unidirectionality of the piston movement, the weight caused by the balance block is too late, the huge impact force between the piston rod crankshaft work is transmitted to the bearing and the body, relying on Larger and heavier body to ensure strength, in order to obtain the inertia required for engine operation, there must be an independent and heavier flywheel design, the overall structure is complex, and there are still many problems.
  • the two-stroke engine has low ventilation efficiency, and the exhaust port runs the fuel crankcase and cannot use fluid lubricating oil and must use mixed oil and gas.
  • Today, two-stroke internal combustion engines are facing a phase-out test in the face of high fuel prices and strict environmental emissions requirements.
  • the present invention provides a direct-shaft type pulsator engine aimed at improving the above problems.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine is characterized in that it comprises a body, the body is rotated and provided with a straight shaft, and the pulsator is fixed on the straight shaft; the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator have uniform wavy slip
  • the slide has at least one axial push-up point and at least one axial push-down point; the outer edge of the pulsator is annularly distributed with a plurality of links, and each link is connected to the pulsator through the movable connecting member, each At least one end of a connecting rod is provided with a piston;
  • the body is provided with a fixing device, and the fixing device is fixed with a cylinder, and the axes of all the cylinders are parallel to the axis of the straight shaft; each of the pistons is located in one cylinder, the cylinder
  • the side wall is sequentially provided with an air inlet and a point along the axial direction thereof.
  • the movable connecting member is a roller
  • each connecting rod is provided with two rollers, and the two rollers are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator.
  • each pulsator has an axial pushing point and an axial pushing point; the inner end of each pulsator upper connecting rod is provided There is a piston, all the cylinders are located between the two pulsators, and the two axially adjacent pistons are arranged in the same cylinder, and always move in opposite directions during operation.
  • the straight shaft is fixed with at least three pulsators spaced along the axial direction thereof, and the inner ends of the upper two pulsator upper links are provided with pistons, and the upper ends of the upper pulsator upper links are respectively provided with Piston, all cylinders are located between two pulsators, and two axially adjacent pistons are disposed in the same cylinder.
  • the piston and the cylinder sleeve can be made of ceramic material, so that the piston is more resistant to high temperature and wear when working, and does not need to be cooled by a cooling device, which not only reduces the structure but also reduces the heat loss and saves energy.
  • Other components besides the straight shaft can be made of ceramic.
  • the piston connecting rod is a ceramic integrated structure, which not only resists high temperature and reduces weight, but also reduces the internal energy loss caused by the large amount of inertia of the piston connecting rod.
  • the axially adjacent cylinders on the body can be made into an integrated structure.
  • the pulsator is made of ceramic material to be more wear-resistant, and the whole machine does not need to be cooled, so that the quality of the whole machine is lighter.
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body.
  • the body is a disk frame body composed of a plurality of frame module assemblies, and the body is composed of a single or a plurality of disk frames 113.
  • the modular power form such as single-pulse power form, double-wave wheel three-wheel wheel and other power forms, can be constructed by the same disc frame module assembly, and the disc frame module is composed of the disc frame module 200 as shown in FIG. , 201, 202 and fixed block 116.
  • the disk frame module 200 and the body assembly 202 are fixed on both sides of the wave wheel, and the block 116 is fixed to form a frame body.
  • the body frame is composed of a disc frame module member 200, two sets of disc frame module members 202, and two disc frame module members 201 and fixing blocks 116.
  • the three-wheel wheel When the three-wheel wheel is used, it consists of two disc frame module members 200 and three disc frame module members 202 and two outer disc holder module members 201, and a fixing block 116.
  • the center of the frame body can stably install the straight-axis pulsator, and the disk frame body is uniformly distributed with the cylinder hole, and the cylinder hole is composed of the module assembly fixing block 116 to form a complete cylinder hole, and the modular column cylinder assembly can be stably installed.
  • the center of the body is provided with a hollow straight shaft, and the straight shaft is fixed with two pulsators spaced along the axial direction thereof, and the upper surface and the lower surface of each pulsator have uniform undulating slides, and at least two on the slide track
  • the axial pushing height point and the axial pushing point; each outer side edge of the pulsator is uniformly provided with a plurality of connecting rods of the same number, each connecting rod is provided with two rollers, and the two rollers respectively are connected with the pulsator
  • the upper surface and the lower surface are rollingly connected, and a piston is arranged at an inner end of each of the upper wheels of the pulsator;
  • the body is provided with a fixing device, and the cylinder is fixed on the fixing device, and all the cylinders are located between the two pulsators
  • the axis is parallel to the axis of the straight shaft; the two axially adjacent pistons are disposed in the same cylinder, and the side walls of the cylinder are sequentially
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body, and the body is rotated and provided with a hollow straight shaft, and the straight shaft is fixed with at least three pulsators (as shown in FIG. 15-16) along the axial direction thereof, each wave
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the wheel have uniform undulating slides, and the slide has at least two axial pushing points and axial pushing points; the outer edges of each wheel are equally distributed in the same number of rings.
  • Each of the connecting rods is provided with two rollers, and the two rollers are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator, and the inner ends of the upper two upper pulsators are provided with pistons, and the central waves are provided.
  • a piston is disposed at both ends of the upper link of the wheel;
  • the body is provided with a fixing device, and the cylinder is fixed on the fixing device, and all the cylinders are located between the two pulsators and the axis thereof is parallel to the axis of the straight shaft;
  • Two adjacent pistons are disposed in the same cylinder, and the side walls of the cylinder are sequentially arranged with an air inlet, an ignition oil supply device and an exhaust port along the axial direction thereof; when the piston is linearly reciprocated in the cylinder
  • the roller can drive the axis of the pulsator around the straight axis
  • the wire rotates, which in turn drives the straight shaft to rotate about its axis.
  • each two adjacent pulsators are symmetrically disposed on the straight axis with respect to the straight axis.
  • the axial push-up point of the middle pulsator and the axial push-down points on the two outer pulsators thereof are offset by 15-25 degrees in the same direction, and each pulsator has 3-9 connections.
  • Rod The purpose of this setting is that when the work is done in the cylinder, the two pistons at the top dead center slide to the opposite direction in the opposite direction, and the outer piston first reaches the air port, and the exhaust gas having a certain residual pressure at the later stage of the work is discharged. Exhaust, the inner piston reaches the port and the pre-pressed new gas is put into the cylinder to become the intake air.
  • the remaining exhaust gas in the cylinder is swept out of the cylinder to form the entire exhaust process, which makes the scavenging more thorough.
  • the outer piston of the return stroke closes the exhaust port in advance, but the intake air intake process continues until the air inlet is closed, so that the air density in the cylinder is increased.
  • the entire intake process is formed, at which point fuel is injected, which creates conditions for oxyfuel combustion in the cylinder. This two-stroke structure is fully burned and fuel-free.
  • the fixing device is a disc holder, and each of the pulsators is provided with one of the disc holder assemblies, and a mounting hole for installing a pulsator is disposed in a middle portion of each of the disc holders, and the disc holder assembly is provided There are multiple cylinder bores.
  • the disc carrier comprises a frame body and a plurality of fixing blocks uniformly distributed annularly along the axial direction thereof, and each of the fixing blocks forms a cylinder hole between the frame body.
  • a frame composed of a plurality of disc frames is a body.
  • This kind of engine solves the problem that the two-stroke engine has been plagued by the incomplete exhaust port running fuel, and the connecting gear transmission box cannot use the flowing lubricating oil and the flywheel that must be set outside the machine body to cause mass and mass.
  • the structure of the engine is designed in a special way.
  • the structure of the straight shaft plus pulsator replaces the original crankshaft function.
  • the rotation of the pulsator produces sufficient inertia and the concentricity is very high. It replaces the function of the crankshaft and has the flywheel.
  • the function is simple and torsionally strong, and the volume is much smaller than that of the crankshaft structure.
  • the circumferential cylinder alignment is the smallest and tightest arrangement of the geometry.
  • the axially opposed cylinder assembly is arranged, and a combined disc frame is shared as the body part.
  • the piston on the same axis and the opposite pistons disposed on the two axially adjacent pulsators share a combustion. In the chamber, the two pistons always slide in the opposite direction, the space occupied by the vertical and horizontal is the smallest, and the piston cylinders on the same axis are arranged independently.
  • the frequency of the piston movement is constant, and the rotation speed of the main shaft can be set in multiple multiples.
  • the rotation speed is equivalent to the rotation speed of the conventional crankshaft engine.
  • the spindle speed drops by 50%.
  • the speed dropped by 66.6%.
  • the spindle speed decreased by 75%, which also greatly increased the torque.
  • the cylinder When there are two axial pushing points and axial pushing points on the pulsator, the cylinder can be operated once by rotating the straight axis by 180 degrees in the two-stroke mechanism, which is higher than the rotation efficiency of the traditional two-stroke engine.
  • the cylinder components are arranged in a row on the same axis, and the cylinders of each column can be arranged in a circumferential structure.
  • the cylinder sleeve can be designed as a tubular opposite whole, which can be used to reduce the processing difficulty. Set for two or one divided into four.
  • the openings required for the rotation of the respective pulsators are provided at the positions of the three pulsators and the link rollers.
  • the water-cooling sleeve structures of the left and right cylinders are independent, the spark plug installation and the fuel injector are all passed through the water-cooled layer, and the intake and exhaust configuration components are also independent.
  • the center of the mounting hole of the cylinder has a fixed axial arrangement of the cylinder sleeve and a function of being radially disassembled when opened, so that the cylinder sleeve connecting rod piston attached to the periphery of the pulsator is not inserted during the disassembly, and the cylinders can be independent.
  • the disassembly and assembly is completed, so it is called a modular structure.
  • the pulsator is set for the two-way four-peak, the straight-axis rotation makes the cylinder get twice the chance of doing work.
  • the power output and torque of the spindle are several times larger than the conventional engine.
  • the pulsator can be designed with more peaks (ie, axial push-up and push-down), such as bidirectional six-peak and Two-way eight-peak, sixteen peaks can be designed, and even more can be needed.
  • the engine can also be used in the four-stroke mechanism.
  • the shaft can complete four strokes in one revolution, eliminating the essential camshafts, timing gears, belt chains, flywheels and other key components in the traditional four-stroke structure. Greatly simplified. The same displacement, compared to the traditional crankshaft engine weight loss of 50%, the backbone component simplification rate of more than 50%.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view showing a connection between a straight shaft and a disk frame in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a connection between a straight shaft and a disk frame in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a front view showing the connection of a connecting rod, a pulsator and a cylinder in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a connection of a connecting rod, a pulsator and a cylinder in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a connection of a connecting rod, a pulsator and a cylinder in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a connection between a connecting rod and a pulsator in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a front elevational view showing the connection of a straight shaft and a pulsator in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the connection of a straight shaft and a pulsator in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a plan view of the direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to the second embodiment of the present invention after removing the body;
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a connection between a straight shaft and a pulsator in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to Embodiment 4 of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a front elevational view showing the connection of a straight shaft and a pulsator in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the straight-shaft type pulsator engine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention after removing the body;
  • Figure 18 is a front elevational view showing the straight-shaft type pulsator engine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention after removing the body;
  • FIG. 19 is a plan view of the straight-shaft type pulsator engine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, after removing the body;
  • 20 is a schematic exploded view of a connecting rod, a cylinder, and a piston in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 21 is a schematic exploded view of a connecting rod, a cylinder, and a piston when two pulsators are staggered in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection of a straight shaft, a pulsator, a connecting rod, and a cylinder in a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 23 is an exploded view of a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a view showing a direct-shaft type pulsator engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the straight-shaft type pulsator engine provided by the embodiment includes a body 101.
  • the body 101 is rotatably provided with a straight shaft 102.
  • the straight shaft 102 is fixed with a pulsator 103.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103 have a uniform undulating slide having at least one axial push-up point 104 and at least one axial push-down point 105; the outer edge of the pulsator 103 is annularly distributed with a plurality of links 106, each of which is 106
  • the movable connecting member is connected to the pulsator 103. At least one end of each connecting rod 106 is provided with a piston 107.
  • the body 101 is provided with fixing means, and the cylinder 108 is fixed on the fixing device, and the axis and the straight shaft 102 of all the cylinders 108 are The axes are parallel; each of the pistons 107 is located in a cylinder 108, and the side walls of the cylinders 108 are sequentially spaced along the axial direction thereof with an exhaust port 109, an ignition oil supply device 110 and an air inlet 111;
  • the movable connecting member can drive the pulsator 103 to rotate about the axis of the straight shaft 102, thereby driving the straight shaft 102 to rotate about its axis.
  • This type of direct-shaft type pulsator engine is referred to as an engine.
  • the body 101 is an infrastructure component of the engine, and is composed of a disc holder and a casing for mounting, protecting, and connecting other components.
  • the straight shaft 102 is a power output member that outputs power outward when rotated.
  • the pulsator 103 is the main working component. As shown in the figure, the pulsator 103, that is, the turret with the undulating slide on the upper and lower surfaces, is fixed on the straight shaft 102, and can rotate the straight shaft 102 when rotating.
  • the connecting rod 106 is connected to the pulsator 103 through the movable connecting member.
  • the pulsator 103 can be driven to rotate by the axial pushing point 104 and the axial pushing down point 105 on the pulsator 103.
  • the straight shaft 102 is rotated.
  • the cylinder 108 here is basically the same as the cylinder of the conventional engine.
  • the exhaust port 109, the ignition oil supply device 110, and the intake port 111 are also identical to the corresponding structures in the conventional opposed piston engine.
  • the specific structure of the body 101 may be a structure as shown in the drawing, so that the structure is relatively compact and cost-effective; however, it is not limited to such a structure, as long as the structure of the body 101 capable of realizing its function can be applied thereto.
  • Each of the pulsators 103 may have an axial pushing point 104 and an axial pushing point 105.
  • the connecting rod 106 performs a reciprocating motion to drive the pulsator 103 to rotate one turn; or there may be two axial pushing points. 104 and two axial pushing down points 105, so that the connecting rod 106 makes two reciprocating motions to drive the pulsator 103 to rotate one revolution, and the output torque is larger; there may be more axial pushing points 104 and more axial directions. Push down 105.
  • Only one pulsator 103 may be disposed on the straight shaft 102, or two or more pulsators 103 may be disposed at intervals.
  • the axial pushing height 104 and the axial pushing low point 105 of the pulsator 103 may be two or more, and the connecting rod 106 connected to the pulsator 103 may be 3-9 There may be more; each of the connecting rods 106 may have a piston 107 connected to one end or a piston 107 connected to both ends.
  • each of the pulsators 103 When the two pulsators 103 are spaced apart from each other on the straight shaft 102, it is preferably designed such that the outer edges of each of the pulsators 103 are annularly provided with a plurality of links 106 of the same number, and each of the links 106 is provided with two rollers. 112, two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103, and a piston 107 is disposed at an inner end of the upper link 106 of each pulsator 103.
  • the body 101 is provided with a fixing device and a fixing device.
  • a cylinder 108 is fixed thereon, and all of the cylinders 108 are located between the two pulsators 103 and have their axes parallel to the axis of the straight shaft 102; two axially adjacent pistons 107 are disposed in the same cylinder 108.
  • the two sets of links 106 on the two pulsators 103 share a set of cylinders 108.
  • the two pulsators 103 are preferably symmetrically disposed on the straight shaft 102.
  • the two pistons 107 in the same cylinder 108 are symmetrically moved to each other to The reverse running cycle, the compression efficiency is higher, the structure is more compact, and the volume is smaller.
  • the axial push-up point 104 of one pulsator 103 is offset from the axial push-down point 105 on the other pulsator 103 by an angle of 15-25 degrees in the same direction.
  • the movement of the adjacent two pistons 107 is asymmetrical to the bottom dead center, exhibiting a certain misalignment.
  • the exhaust port 109 is blocked by the piston 107 and closed, and the intake air continues, so that the density of the intake air in the cylinder is increased, and the intake port 111 is activated in the early stage of the exhaust.
  • the piston 107 is blocked and not opened, forming one side of the exhaust.
  • each outer side of the pulsator 103 is annularly provided with a plurality of links 106 of the same number, each of which
  • the connecting rod 106 is provided with two rollers 112.
  • the two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103.
  • the outer two pulsators 103 are provided with a piston 107 at the inner end of the upper connecting rod 106.
  • a piston 107 is disposed at both ends of the upper link 106 of the pulsator 103; the body 101 is provided with a fixing device, and the cylinder 108 is fixed on the fixing device, and all the cylinders 108 are located between the two pulsators 103 and the axis thereof Parallel to the axis of the straight shaft 102; two axially adjacent pistons 107 are disposed within the same cylinder 108.
  • the water jacket 119 is provided on the outside of the cylinder for cooling.
  • a set of cylinders 108 are disposed between each two adjacent pulsators 103, and both ends of the upper pulsator 103 are provided with a piston 107 at both ends, and the outer pulsator 103 has an inner side of the upper link 106.
  • a piston 107 is provided at the end. This type of engine is more powerful and more compact.
  • the number of pulsators 103 can also be more than three.
  • An electronic turbine or a Roots blower for increasing the intake pressure may also be provided on the body 101.
  • the end of the outermost link may be provided with a cylinder 117 which cooperates with a linear bearing in the cylinder.
  • the cylinder here can be replaced by a piston, which can also be used with a cylinder to achieve the effect of work.
  • the ignition oil supply device may be a carburetor oil supply.
  • Two gas rings can be arranged at the front end of the piston, and an oil ring is arranged at the tail end of the piston to make the piston and the cylinder have better sealing performance.
  • the oil ring at the tail end of the piston always runs below the intake and exhaust ports, preventing the pulsator from being blocked. The possibility of oil spilling from the exhaust port in the tank.
  • all the intake and exhaust ports are connected to the intake and exhaust ports by the intake gas collecting joint 118, the exhaust gas collecting joint and the ventilation duct, respectively.
  • the gas structure is only the display principle).
  • the function of the movable connecting member is to connect the connecting rod 106 and the pulsator 103 to drive the pulsator 103 to rotate when the connecting rod 106 moves up and down. Therefore, its structure can be in various forms.
  • the movable connecting member is a roller 112.
  • Each of the connecting rods 106 is provided with two rollers 112, and the two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103.
  • the connecting rod 106 and the pulsator 103 are connected by the roller 112, so that the connection between the two is a rolling connection, rolling friction during movement, less friction, less energy loss, and higher transmission efficiency. And the roller 112 is more likely to push the pulsator 103 to move.
  • the straight shaft 102 here is preferably made of a hollow shaft.
  • the hollow shaft is more special in the engine application process.
  • the power shaft can pass through the center of the engine to the other side. Multiple engines of the same power or different power can be set on the same power shaft, and can be operated independently.
  • the two functions can be realized in the same body, and the two machines on the same axis can be operated asynchronously and freely switched.
  • the fixing device is composed of a disc frame module 200, 202, 201 and a fixing block 116, and a disc holder 113 is provided on the outer side of each of the pulsators 103, each of which is provided with a disc holder 113.
  • a mounting hole 114 for mounting the pulsator 103 is disposed in the middle of the disc holder 113, and a plurality of cylinder holes 115 are disposed in the disc holder 113.
  • the pulsator 103 is mounted in the bore of the pulsator 103 in the middle of the disc holder 113.
  • the cylinder 108 is mounted in the cylinder bore 115, and the ring is evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the disc holder 113.
  • the disc holder 113 is structurally sturdy and stable, and the internal pulsator 103 and the cylinder 108 can be stably connected.
  • the disc holder 113 includes a frame body and a plurality of fixing blocks 116 uniformly distributed annularly along the axial direction thereof, and each of the fixing blocks 116 forms a cylinder bore 115 between the frame body and the frame body. As shown, each of the fixed blocks 116 is detachably coupled to the frame. This design allows the cylinder 108 to be easily removed.
  • the bearings on the disc frame and the straight shaft are not directly subjected to the strong thrust from the axial movement of the piston rod.
  • the pulsator circumferential structure is highly balanced and unbiased, and the whole machine does not need a balancing device. , running smoothly, this is also unique to this structure.
  • a straight-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body 101.
  • the body 101 is rotatably provided with a straight shaft 102.
  • the straight shaft 102 is fixed with a pulsator 103.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103 are uniform.
  • a wavy slide having two axial push-up points 104 and two axial push-down points 105; the outer edge of the pulsator 103 is annularly distributed with five links 106, each of which is provided There are two rollers 112, and two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103.
  • Each of the links 106 is provided with a piston 107 at both ends thereof; the straight shaft 102 is provided with two discs.
  • the module module 200, the two disc module modules 200 are located on both sides of the pulsator 103, and are supported and fixed by a set of the disc frame module 202.
  • the disc frame is formed, and the cylinder 108 is fixed on the body, and all the cylinders are fixed.
  • the axis of 108 is parallel to the axis of the straight shaft 102; each of the pistons 107 is located within a cylinder 108, the cylinder
  • An exhaust port 109, an ignition oil supply device 110, and an intake port 111 are sequentially disposed on the side wall of the 108 in the axial direction.
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body 101.
  • the body 101 is rotatably provided with a straight shaft 102.
  • the straight shaft 102 is fixedly spaced with two pulsators 103; the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103 have a uniform wavy slide, each pulsator 103 having an axial push-up point 104 and an axial push-down point 105; the outer edge of each pulsator 103 is annularly distributed with five links 106, each
  • the connecting rod 106 is provided with two rollers 112.
  • the two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103.
  • each connecting rod 106 is provided with a piston 107; the outer side is provided with a sliding line matched with a linear bearing.
  • a rod, a linear bearing is arranged on the cylinder bore provided by the two pulsator outer disc module module 201 as shown in FIG. 24; the straight shaft 102 is provided with a disc frame module 200, and the disc frame module 200 is located
  • a disc holder is formed between the two pulsators 103.
  • the cylinder 108 is fixed on the disc holder.
  • the axes of all the cylinders 108 are parallel to the axis of the straight shaft 102.
  • the two axially adjacent pistons 107 are located in the same cylinder 108.
  • the side wall of the cylinder 108 is sequentially provided with exhaust ports 109 along its axial direction. Ignition fuel supply apparatus 110 and the intake port 111.
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body 101.
  • the body 101 is rotatably provided with a straight shaft 102.
  • the straight shaft 102 is fixedly spaced with two pulsators 103; the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103 have Uniform undulating slides, each of which has two axial push-up points 104 and two axial push-down points 105, an axial push-up point 104 of one pulsator 103 and another pulsator 103
  • the axial push-down points 105 are all disposed at an angle of 20 degrees offset from the direction such that the axial push-up point 104 and the axial push-down point 105 are horizontally offset by an L-spacing; the outer edge of each of the pulsators 103 is evenly distributed with five rings.
  • Each of the connecting rods 106 is provided with two rollers 112.
  • the two rollers 112 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103, and the inner end of each of the connecting rods 106 is provided with a piston 107.
  • the straight shaft 102 is provided with a disc frame module member 200.
  • the disc rack module member 200 is located between the two pulsators 103 to form a disc frame.
  • the disc holder is fixed with a cylinder 108, and the axes of all the cylinders 108 are straight.
  • the axes of the shafts 102 are parallel; the two axially adjacent pistons 107 are located in the same cylinder 108, the side of the cylinder 108 On sequentially spaced along the axial direction thereof is provided with an exhaust port 109, an ignition fuel supply means 110 and the intake port 111.
  • a direct-shaft type pulsator engine includes a body 101.
  • the body 101 is rotatably provided with a straight shaft 102.
  • the straight shaft 102 is fixedly spaced with three pulsators 103; the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103 are evenly distributed.
  • a wavy slide each of the pulsators 103 having two axial push-up points 104 and two axial push-down points 105, each of the two adjacent pulsators 103 being radially symmetric about the straight axis 102;
  • the outer edge of each pulsator 103 is annularly arranged with five connecting rods 106.
  • Each of the connecting rods 106 is provided with two rollers 112.
  • the two rollers 112 are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pulsator 103, and the outer side is respectively
  • the inner end of the upper connecting rod 106 of the two pulsators 103 is provided with a piston 107, and the upper end of the connecting rod 106 of the middle pulsator 103 is provided with a piston 107;
  • the straight shaft 102 is provided with two disc holders 113.
  • the cylinders 108 are fixed with cylinders 108, and the axes of all the cylinders 108 are parallel to the axis of the straight shaft 102; the two axially adjacent pistons 107 are located in the same cylinder 108.
  • the side wall of the cylinder 108 is sequentially provided with an exhaust port 109, an ignition oil supply device 110, and a space along the axial direction thereof. Port 111.
  • a mounting hole 114 for mounting the pulsator 103 is disposed in the middle of each of the disc frames, and a plurality of cylinder holes 115 are disposed in the disc holder.
  • the disc frame includes a frame body and a plurality of fixing blocks 116 uniformly distributed annularly along the axial direction thereof, and each of the fixing blocks 116 forms a cylinder bore 115 between the frame body and the frame body.
  • the intake air continues to increase in density and then the intake port 111 is closed to start the injection. Going into a loop again.
  • the time difference between the same link 106 and the piston 107 disposed opposite to the piston 108 in the cylinder 108 at a specific angle of 90 degrees opposite to the straight shaft 102 is also operated, and the adjacent cylinder is performed with a time difference of the cylinder angle, and is outputted by the hollow straight shaft 102. Torque.
  • the connecting rod 106 continues to make a linear reciprocating motion, and the pulsator 103 is continuously rotated, thereby driving the straight shaft 102 to rotate and outputting power outward.

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Abstract

一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体（101），该机体（101）上转动设置有直轴（102），直轴（102）上固定有波轮（103），波轮（103）的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，该滑道上具有至少一个轴向推高点（104）及至少一个轴向推低点（105）。波轮（103）的外侧边缘环形均布有多个连杆（106），每一个连杆（106）通过活动连接件与波轮（103）连接，每一个连杆（106）的至少一端设置有活塞（107）。机体（101）上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸（108），所有气缸（108）的轴线与直轴（102）的轴线平行；每一个活塞（107）均位于一个气缸（108）内，气缸（108）的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口（111）、点火供油装置（110）及排气口（109）。该直轴型波轮发动机结构紧凑、动力充沛，应用领域广泛。

Description

直轴型波轮发动机 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种直轴型波轮发动机。
背景技术
发动机是机动车辆等机械设备内必备的装置之一。目前，较常见的发动机多以活塞、连杆、曲轴、飞轮等主要部件相互传动这一原理，对外输出功率。这种结构的发动机应用了百余年，至今仍应用发明当初的设计，在结构设计方面一直未有较大改变和技术突破。
曲轴结构的发动机，因曲轴的不同心度和活塞运动的单方向性，造成的偏重靠平衡块来维迟，活塞连杆曲轴间做功时巨大的冲击力全都传递到轴承和机体间，全靠体积较大质量较重的机体来保证强度，为了获得发动机运转所需的惯量，必须有个独立且较重的飞轮设计，总体结构复杂，还存在着居多解决的问题。如二冲程发动机的换气效率低，排气口跑燃料曲轴箱无法应用流体润滑油和必须使用混合油气等诸多无奈。在燃油价格较高和环境排放要求严格的今天，二冲程内燃机正面临淘汰的考验。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种直轴型波轮发动机，旨在改善上述问题。
本发明是这样实现的：
一种直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，包括机体，该机体上转动设置有直轴，所述直轴上固定有波轮；波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，该滑道上具有至少一个轴向推高点及至少一个轴向推低点；波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有多个连杆，每一个连杆通过活动连接件与波轮连接，每一个连杆的至少一端设置有活塞；所述机体上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸的轴线与直轴的轴线平行；每一个所述活塞均位于一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点 火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过活动连接件能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
进一步地，所述活动连接件为滚轮，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接。
进一步地，所述直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有两个波轮，每一个波轮上具有一个轴向推高点及轴向推低点；每一个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有一个活塞，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间，轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内，工作时始终作相反方向运动。
进一步地，所述直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有至少三个波轮，外侧的两个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有活塞，中部的波轮上连杆的两端均设有活塞，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间，轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内。活塞和气缸套可采用陶瓷材料制成，这样使活塞工作时，更耐高温更耐磨，也不需采用冷却装置来进行冷却，既减化结构又降低了热损失更节能。除了直轴外的其他部件均可采用陶瓷制成。活塞连杆为陶瓷一体式结构，既耐高温又减轻重量，同时减少了活塞连杆运动时因量重惯量大带来的内能损失，机体上轴向相邻的气缸可制成一体式结构，使其更加稳定，波轮同为陶瓷材料制成更耐磨，整机无需冷却，使整机的质量更轻。
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体，如图4该机体是由多个架体模块组件构成的圆盘架架体，由单个或多个圆盘架113构成机体，分别可做多种模块式功率的形式，如单波轮功率形式，双波轮三波轮等多种功率形式，可用同一圆盘架模块组件架构，圆盘架模块件由如图4上的圆盘架模块件200、201、202和固定块116组成。当单波轮时，波轮两侧各设圆盘架模块件200和一架体组件202，固定块116，形成架体。当双波轮结构时，体架由一个圆盘架模块件200，两组圆盘架模块件202，和两个圆盘架模块件201及固定块116组成。当三波轮时，由两个圆盘架模块件200和三个圆盘架模块件202及两个外侧圆盘架模块件201，固定块116组成。如图4，架体中心能稳固安装直轴波轮，圆盘架架体环形均布缸孔，缸孔由模块组件固定块116组成形成完整缸孔，能稳固安装模块式列缸组件，当多个波轮结构时，圆盘架和 直轴上的轴承均不直接承受来自活塞连杆做功时轴向运动的强大推力，波轮周向结构本为高度平衡无偏重，整机无需平衡装置。
机体中心设置有中空的直轴，该直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有两个波轮，每一个波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，滑道上具有至少两个轴向推高点及轴向推低点；每一个波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有一个活塞；所述机体上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间且其轴线与直轴的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过滚轮能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体，该机体上转动设置有中空的直轴，该直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有至少三个波轮(如图15-16)，每一个波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，滑道上具有至少两个轴向推高点及轴向推低点；每一个波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接，外侧的两个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有活塞，中部的波轮上连杆的两端均设有活塞；所述机体上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间且其轴线与直轴的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过滚轮能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
进一步地，每两个相邻的波轮关于直轴的径向对称地设置在直轴上。
进一步地，中部波轮的轴向推高点与其相对的两个外侧波轮上的轴向推低点均同方向错开15-25度角设置，每一个波轮上设有3-9个连杆。这样设置的目的在于，当缸内做功时，两个处于上止点的活塞向相反方向滑向下止点，外侧的活塞先到达气口，将做功后期有一定余压的废气排出，成为 排气，内侧的活塞后到达气口将有预压的新气放入缸内，成为进气，同时将缸内剩余的废气扫出缸外，形成整个排气过程，使得扫气更加彻底。到达下止点后回程的外侧活塞提前关闭排气口，但进气口进气过程还在继续至进气口关闭，使缸内气密度增高。形成整个进气过程，此时喷入燃油，这为缸内富氧燃烧创造了条件，此二冲程结构燃烧充分，更无燃油浪费。
进一步地，所述固定装置为圆盘架，每一个波轮的外侧设有一个所述圆盘架组件，每个圆盘架中部设有用于安装波轮的安装孔，圆盘架组件上设有多个气缸孔。
进一步地，所述圆盘架包括架体及沿其轴线方向环形均匀分布的多个固定块，每一个固定块与架体之间形成一个所述气缸孔。多个圆盘架组成的架体即机体。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过上述设计得到的直轴型波轮发动机至少具有如下特征：
1.这种发动机解决了一直困扰二冲程发动机换气不彻底排气口跑燃料，和连杆传动箱无法使用流动润滑油及机体外必须设置的飞轮造成体积大质量重等问题。
2.本发动机的结构以特别的方式设计，由直轴加波轮的结构取代原有的曲轴功能，波轮的转动会产生足够的惯量且同心度极高，替代了曲轴功能的同时具有飞轮的功能，且加工简单抗扭性强，体积比曲轴结构方式的体积小得多。周向缸位排列是几何结构最小最紧密的排列。同时还具有如下特点：轴向对置缸组件设置，共用了一个组合圆盘架作为机体部分，同一轴线上的活塞，轴向相邻的两个波轮上配置的对置活塞共用了一个燃烧室，运行时两个活塞始终做相反方向滑行，纵横占据的空间都是最小，同一轴线上的活塞缸体为一列独立设置，这些都是列缸模块化的设计体现。
3.本发明另一大的特点，活塞运动频次不变，主轴的转速可作多种倍数级设置，当波轮为一个推高点和一个推低点时，转速等同传统曲轴发动机的转速，当波轮为两个推高点和两个推低点时，主轴的转速下降50％，当 三个推高点和三个推低点时，转速下降了66.6％，当四个推高点和四个推低点时，主轴的转速下降了75％，同时也使得扭矩大幅提高。波轮上具有两个轴向推高点及轴向推低点时，在二冲程机制中直轴旋转180度角就能使气缸做功一次，相比传统二冲程发动机工作的旋转效率高出一倍；为了加工和维护更加方便，在同一轴线上将各缸组件对置设置为一列，各列气缸可作周向结构设置，缸套可作管状对置整体设计，为降低加工难度可一分为二或者一分为四设置。当缸套为管状整体设置时，在三个波轮与连杆滚轮处的位置上设相应波轮转动时所需的开口。左右缸的水冷套结构各为独立，火花塞安装处和喷油嘴都穿过水冷层，进排气配置部件同样都各自独立。气缸的安装孔中心具有固定轴向设置的缸套和打开时能径向拆装的功能，使能附着在波轮的四周的缸套连杆活塞在拆卸时不受穿插，各列缸可独立完成拆装，故称为列装模块化结构。波轮为双向四波峰设置时，直轴转一周使每缸获得两次做功的机会，主轴的功率输出和扭矩较传统发动机增大数倍。要使主轴扭矩进一步大幅增大和排量增大，可作更多环周缸数设计，波轮可作更多的波峰(即轴向推高点及推低点)设计，例如双向六波峰和双向八波峰，十六波峰均可设计，根据需要甚至可以更多。
4.应用领域广泛：在功率密度要求较高、小体积、大功率、应用方便等领域更具有优异性，例如理论设计一台机体，其直径为420毫米，长为1600毫米，缸径100毫米，行程120毫米，环周7列的三波轮结构发动机，可容纳26.376升排量，功率为1600多千瓦，机体体积仅为0.222立方米，可为军用机械坦克装甲车等重型装备机舱提供同等体积功率更为强大的动力，同样可用于小型直升机，无人机等飞行器的动力。，适合的排量可应用于陆上乘用车辆及移动电源等方面的动力，在水上冲锋舟的轻装动力及小型船舶等都能得到应用，可为现今活塞发动机的升级版，将是发动机发展史上的一次革命性改进。
5.本发动机同样可用于四冲程机制，轴转一周就能完成四个冲程，免去了传统四冲程结构中必不可少的凸轮轴、正时齿轮、皮带链条、飞轮等骨干部件，结构得到大大简化，。同样的排量，相比传统曲轴发动机体积重量下降50％，骨干部件的简化率超过50％。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机的立体图；
图2是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机的主视图；
图3是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机的俯视图；
图4是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与圆盘架连接的主视图；
图5是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与圆盘架连接的立体图；
图6是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中连杆、波轮及气缸连接的主视图；
图7是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中连杆、波轮及气缸连接的轴测图；
图8是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中连杆、波轮及气缸连接的俯视图；
图9是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中连杆与波轮连接的轴测图；
图10是本发明实施方式中实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与波轮连接的主视图；
图11是本发明实施方式中实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与波轮连接的轴测图；
图12是本发明实施方式中实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机的主视图；
图13是本发明实施方式中实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机的轴测图；
图14是本发明实施方式中实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机去除机体后的俯视图；
图15是本发明实施方式中实施例4提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与波轮连接的轴测图；
图16是本发明实施方式中实施例4提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴与波轮连接的主视图；
图17是本发明实施方式中实施例4提供的直轴型波轮发动机去除机体后的轴测图；
图18是本发明实施方式中实施例4提供的直轴型波轮发动机去除机体后的主视图；
图19是本发明实施方式中实施例4提供的直轴型波轮发动机去除机体后的俯视图；
图20是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中连杆、气缸、活塞的展开示意图；
图21是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中两个波轮错开设置时连杆、气缸、活塞的展开示意图；
图22是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机中直轴、波轮、连杆及气缸连接的剖视图；
图23是本发明实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机的爆炸图；
图24是本发明实施方式中提供的实施例2提供的直轴型波轮发动机图。
图中标记分别为：
机体101；直轴102；波轮103；轴向推高点104；轴向推低点105；连杆106；活塞107；气缸108；排气口109；点火供油装置110；进气口111；滚轮112；圆盘架113；安装孔114；气缸孔115；固定块116；圆柱体117；集气接头118；水冷套119；圆盘架模块件200、201、202。
具体实施方式
请参考图1-图24。
本实施方式提供的直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体101，该机体101上转动设置有直轴102，所述直轴102上固定有波轮103；波轮103的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，该滑道上具有至少一个轴向推高点104及至少一个轴向推低点105；波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有多个连杆106，每一个连杆106通过活动连接件与波轮103连接，每一个连杆106的至少一端设置有活塞107；所述机体101上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108的轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；每一个所述活塞107均位于一个气缸108内，气缸108的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111；当所述活塞107在气缸108内做直线往复运动时，通过活动连接件能够带动波轮103绕直轴102的轴线转动，进而带动直轴102绕其轴线转动。
这种直轴型波轮发动机简称发动机。发动机中，机体101为发动机的基础结构件，由圆盘架及壳体等构成，用于安装、保护及连接其他部件。直轴102为动力输出部件，转动时向外输出动力。波轮103为主要工作部件，如图所示，波轮103即上下表面带有波浪形滑道的转轮，固定在直轴102上，转动时能够带动直轴102转动。连杆106通过活动连接件与波轮103连接，连杆106在上下往复运动的过程中，通过波轮103上的轴向推高点104及轴向推低点105能够带动波轮103转动，进而带动直轴102转动。此处的气缸108与传统发动机的缸体工作原理基本一致。排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111与传统对置活塞发动机中相应结构也一致。
机体101的具体结构可以是如图所示的结构，使得结构比较紧凑，成本合理；但也并不限于这种结构，只要能够实现其功能的机体101结构均可应用在此处。
每一个波轮103上可以是有一个轴向推高点104及一个轴向推低点105，连杆106做一次往复运动带动波轮103转动一周；也可以是有两个轴向推高点104及两个轴向推低点105，使连杆106做两次往复运动带动波轮103转动一周，输出扭矩更大；也可以有更多个轴向推高点104及更多个轴向推低点105。
直轴102上可以只设置一个波轮103，也可以间隔设置两个或更多个波轮103。当波轮103只有一个时，波轮103上轴向推高点104及轴向推低点105可以是有两个或者更多个，波轮103上连接的连杆106可以是3-9个，也可以是更多个；每一个连杆106可以是一端连接有活塞107，也可以是两端均连接有活塞107。
当直轴102上间隔设置两个波轮103时，优选这样设计：每一个波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个波轮103上连杆106的内侧端设有一个活塞107；所述机体101上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108均位于两个波轮103之间且其轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞107设置于同一个气缸108内。
两个波轮103上的两组连杆106共用一组气缸108，两个波轮103优选对称设于直轴102上，在工作时，同一个气缸108内两个活塞107对称地相向运行至相背运行循环着，压缩效率更高，结构更紧凑，体积更小。
或者，如图所示，一个波轮103的轴向推高点104与另一个波轮103上的轴向推低点105均同方向错开15-25度角设置，这样的设置使得轴向相邻的两个活塞107的运动至下止点时不对称，呈现一定的错位。在发动机运行的过程中，使进气后期时排气口109受活塞107遮挡而关闭，进气还在继续，使缸内进气的密度增高创造了条件，排气前期时进气口111被活塞107遮挡而未打开，形成一侧排气。
如图15-图19所示，当直轴102上间隔设置三个波轮103时，优选这样设计：每一个波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，外侧的两个波轮103上连杆106的内侧端设有活塞107，中部的波轮103上连杆106的两端均设有活塞107；所述机体101上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108均位于两个波轮103之间且其轴线 与直轴102的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞107设置于同一个气缸108内。气缸的外部设置有水冷套119，起到冷却作用。
如图1所示，每两个相邻的波轮103之间设置有一组气缸108，中间波轮103上连杆106的两端均设有活塞107，外侧波轮103上连杆106的内侧端设有活塞107。这种结构的发动机动力更加充沛，结构更加紧凑。
波轮103的数目还可以是多于3个的更多个。在机体101上还可设置用于提高进气压力的电子涡轮或者罗茨风机。如图22所示，最外侧的连杆的端部可设置圆柱体117，圆柱体117与气缸内的直线轴承配合。此处的圆柱体可以换成活塞，配合气缸使用，也可以达到做功的效果。
点火供油装置可以是化油器供油。可以在活塞的前端设置两道气环，在活塞尾端设置一道油环，使活塞与气缸的密封性更好，活塞尾端的油环工作时始终行至进排气口以下，阻止了波轮箱中机油从排气口溢出的可能。如图1及图2所示，所有的进气口及排气口分别用进气集气接头118、排气集气接头及通气管道连通至进气和排气处，(图中的进排气结构只是显示原理)。
活动连接件的作用在于连接连杆106及波轮103，使连杆106上下运动的时候能够带动波轮103转动。因此其结构可以是多种形式的。优选如图所示，所述活动连接件为滚轮112，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接。
通过滚轮112连接连杆106与波轮103，使二者之间的连接为滚动连接，运动时为滚动摩擦，摩擦力较小，能量损失较小，传动效率更高。且滚轮112更容易推动波轮103运动。
理论上，同直径的空心轴与实心轴，能承受的最大扭矩是相同的，而空心轴显然可以节约材料减轻重量，因此，此处的直轴102优选采用空心轴制成。空心轴在发动机应用过程体现更为特殊，受功轴可穿过发动机中心至另一侧，在同一受功轴上可设置多台同功率或不同功率的发动机，且可作独立运行，可根据需要的功率切换或多机并联。在汽车混合动力结构中， 可在同一机体中实现两机功能，同一轴线上的两机可作不同步运行，自由切换。
固定装置的作用在于安装气缸108，其结构形式也可以是多种。优选地，如图所示，固定装置由为圆盘架模块件200、202、201和固定块116组成圆盘架113，每一个波轮103的外侧设有一个所述圆盘架113，每个圆盘架113中部设有用于安装波轮103的安装孔114，圆盘架113上设有多个气缸孔115。波轮103安装在圆盘架113中间的波轮103孔内，气缸108安装在气缸孔115内，环形均布于圆盘架113的周侧。这种圆盘架113结构匀称、稳固，能够使内部的波轮103及气缸108稳定地连接。
优选地，所述圆盘架113包括架体及沿其轴线方向环形均匀分布的多个固定块116，每一个固定块116与架体之间形成一个所述气缸孔115。如图所示，每一个固定块116与架体之间为可拆卸连接，这种设计使气缸108方便拆装。
多个波轮结构时，圆盘架和直轴上的轴承均不直接承受来自活塞连杆做功时轴向运动的强大推力，波轮周向结构本为高度平衡无偏重，整机无需平衡装置，运行平稳，这也是本结构的独到之处。
为清楚说明本发明，本实施方式中列举了一些具体的实施例：
实施例1
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体101，该机体101上转动设置有直轴102，所述直轴102上固定有一个波轮103；波轮103的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，该滑道上具有两个轴向推高点104及两个轴向推低点105；波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有五个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个连杆106的两端均设置有活塞107；所述直轴102上设有两个圆盘架模块件200，两个圆盘架模块件200位于波轮103的两侧，之间由一组圆盘架模块件202支撑固定，所组成圆盘架，机体上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108的轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；每一个所述活塞107均位于一个气缸108内，气缸 108的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111。
实施例2
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体101，该机体101上转动设置有直轴102，所述直轴102上间隔固定有两个波轮103；波轮103的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，每一个波轮103上具有一个轴向推高点104及一个轴向推低点105；每一个波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有五个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个连杆106的内侧端均设置有活塞107；外侧设置配合直线轴承的滑杆，在两个波轮外侧圆盘架模块件201所设的缸孔上设置直线轴承如图24；所述直轴102上设有一个圆盘架模块件200，圆盘架模块件200位于两个波轮103之间组成圆盘架，圆盘架上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108的轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞107位于同一个气缸108内，气缸108的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111。
实施例3
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体101，该机体101上转动设置有直轴102，所述直轴102上间隔固定有两个波轮103；波轮103的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，每一个波轮103上具有两个轴向推高点104及两个轴向推低点105，一个波轮103的轴向推高点104与另一个波轮103上的轴向推低点105均同方向错开20度角设置，使得该轴向推高点104与轴向推低点105水平错开L间距；每一个波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有五个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个连杆106的内侧端均设置有活塞107；所述直轴102上设有一个圆盘架模块件200，圆盘架模块件200位于两个波轮103之间组成圆盘架，圆盘架上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108的轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞107位于同一个气缸108内，气缸108的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111。
实施例4
一种直轴型波轮发动机，包括机体101，该机体101上转动设置有直轴102，所述直轴102上间隔固定有三个波轮103；波轮103的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，每一个波轮103上具有两个轴向推高点104及两个轴向推低点105，每两个相邻的波轮103关于直轴102的径向对称设置；每一个波轮103的外侧边缘环形均布有五个连杆106，每一个连杆106上设有两个滚轮112，两个滚轮112分别与波轮103的上表面及下表面滚动连接，外侧的两个波轮103上连杆106的内侧端设有活塞107，中部的波轮103上连杆106的两端均设有活塞107；所述直轴102上设有两个圆盘架113，分别位于三个波轮103之间，圆盘架113上固定有气缸108，所有气缸108的轴线与直轴102的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞107位于同一个气缸108内，气缸108的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有排气口109、点火供油装置110及进气口111。
每个圆盘架中部设有用于安装波轮103的安装孔114，圆盘架上设有多个气缸孔115。圆盘架包括架体及沿其轴线方向环形均匀分布的多个固定块116，每一个固定块116与架体之间形成一个所述气缸孔115。
以实施例4提供发动机为例，简述其工作循环过程：当中间波轮103上连杆106的活塞107处在下止点时，外侧波轮103上活塞107已上行20度角的行程量，推进至排气口109的中间位置；当波轮103及直轴102旋转时，进气口111处的活塞107推进至进气口111的一半时，排气口109的活塞107已越过排气口109，这时预压的进气继续充盈(指在进气时使用增压供气装置和电喷控油装置)，为缸腔内富氧燃烧创造条件，当进气口111处的活塞107越过进气口111时，缸腔内形成了密闭的空间，这时供油装置喷入燃油，波轮103圆盘的旋转推动活塞107向上止点，当到点火角度时点火做功，越过上止点的活塞107和连杆106一起推动波轮103圆盘向一个方向旋转，当内侧的进气口111处的活塞107快接近进气口111时，外侧活塞107运动到排气口109，这时有余压的废气瞬间冲出缸外，当进气口111打开时有预压的进气挤入缸腔内，同时把进气口111端失压剩余的废气扫向排气口109，并扫出 缸外，这时继续旋转的波轮103推动活塞107越过下止点推高活塞107，这时排气口109关闭后，进气在继续密度增大接着进气口111关闭，开始喷油，又进入一个循环。同一连杆106和活塞107对置设置在气缸108内以直轴102对置缸特定的90度角的时差同样工作着，邻缸以缸位角度的时差进行着，为中空的直轴102输出扭矩。通过这种循环，使连杆106持续不断做直线往复运动，带动波轮103持续转动，进而带动直轴102转动，向外输出动力。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，包括机体，该机体上转动设置有直轴，所述直轴上固定有波轮；波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，该滑道上具有至少一个轴向推高点及至少一个轴向推低点；波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有多个连杆，每一个连杆通过活动连接件与波轮连接，每一个连杆的至少一端设置有活塞；所述机体上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸的轴线与直轴的轴线平行；每一个所述活塞均位于一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过活动连接件能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，所述活动连接件为滚轮，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，所述直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有两个波轮，每一个波轮上具有一个轴向推高点及一个轴向推低点；每一个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有一个活塞，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间，轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，所述直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有至少三个波轮，外侧的两个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有活塞，中部的波轮上连杆的两端均设有活塞，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间，轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内。
  5. 直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，包括机体，该机体上转动设置有中空的直轴，该直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有两个波轮，每一个波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，滑道上具有至少两个轴向推高点及至少两个轴向推低点；每一个波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接，每一个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有一个活塞；所述机体上 设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间且其轴线与直轴的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过滚轮能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
  6. 直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，包括机体，该机体上转动设置有中空的直轴，该直轴上沿其轴线方向间隔固定有至少三个波轮，每一个波轮的上表面及下表面均具有均匀的波浪形滑道，滑道上具有至少两个轴向推高点及轴向推低点；每一个波轮的外侧边缘环形均布有个数相同的多个连杆，每一个连杆上设有两个滚轮，两个滚轮分别与波轮的上表面及下表面滚动连接，外侧的两个波轮上连杆的内侧端设有活塞，中部的波轮上连杆的两端均设有活塞；所述机体上设有固定装置，固定装置上固定有气缸，所有气缸均位于两个波轮之间且其轴线与直轴的轴线平行；轴向相邻的两个活塞设置于同一个气缸内，气缸的侧壁上沿其轴线方向依次间隔设有进气口、点火供油装置及排气口；当所述活塞在气缸内做直线往复运动时，通过滚轮能够带动波轮绕直轴的轴线转动，进而带动直轴绕其轴线转动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，每两个相邻的波轮关于直轴的径向对称地设置在直轴上。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，中部波轮的轴向推高点与其相对的两个外侧波轮上的轴向推低点均同方向错开15-25度角设置，每一个波轮上设有3-9个连杆。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，所述固定装置为圆盘架，每一个波轮的外侧设有一个所述圆盘架，每个圆盘架中部设有用于安装波轮的安装孔，圆盘架上设有多个气缸孔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的直轴型波轮发动机，其特征在于，所述圆盘架包括架体及沿其轴线方向环形均匀分布的多个固定块，每一个固定块与架体之间形成一个所述气缸孔。
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