WO2016165555A1 - 一种快速精确定位靠尺 - Google Patents

一种快速精确定位靠尺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016165555A1
WO2016165555A1 PCT/CN2016/077674 CN2016077674W WO2016165555A1 WO 2016165555 A1 WO2016165555 A1 WO 2016165555A1 CN 2016077674 W CN2016077674 W CN 2016077674W WO 2016165555 A1 WO2016165555 A1 WO 2016165555A1
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Prior art keywords
ruler
half nut
slide
nut
precise positioning
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PCT/CN2016/077674
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English (en)
French (fr)
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仇世宇
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仇世宇
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Publication of WO2016165555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016165555A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B27/00—Guide fences or stops for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Measuring equipment thereon
    • B27B27/02—Guide fences or stops for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Measuring equipment thereon arranged laterally and parallel with respect to the plane of the saw blade
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C9/00—Multi-purpose machines; Universal machines; Equipment therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B27C5/02—Machines with table
    • B27C5/04—Guide fences for work

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ruler mechanism in a processing machine, which can be widely applied to mechanical equipment such as a desktop cutting machine, a band saw machine and a woodworking trimming machine.
  • the ruler In the processing machinery of modern wood and similar materials, the ruler is a widely used processing size control component, which can effectively control the processing size and improve work efficiency. In the actual operation process, due to the different processing sizes, it is necessary to adjust the ruler frequently.
  • the existing ruler on the market although the structure is diverse and diverse, the general operation is not flexible enough, and the size positioning is not accurate enough.
  • Patent No. 201420036268.6 discloses a fine-tuning structure of a woodworking band saw machine.
  • the fine-tuning of the structure is similar to the method of the vernier caliper.
  • the fine-tuning the slider is fixed, and then the fine-tuning lever is rotated.
  • the size value is not accurate, the scale can only be accurate to about 1mm.
  • the fine adjustment plate needs to be fixed first, and then fine-tuned. If the size is high, the test is to be carried out, and the operability needs to be further enhanced.
  • Patent No. 201220212178.9 discloses a push table saw control fine adjustment type large ruler, which adopts screw drive. If the scale is added with the scale, the accuracy of the size can be greatly increased, but it is complicated. In the processing environment, it is necessary to adjust the size frequently. If the size of the movement is large, it is necessary to turn the hand wheel several times. The disadvantage is that the adjustment speed is slow.
  • the patent application No. 201210438020.8 discloses the digital display backing on the mini table saw.
  • the disadvantages are: due to the wood chip cutting effect in wood cutting, the reliability of the electronic device is poor, and each time the electronic display of the switch is required, it needs to be returned. Zero proofreading, and this structure is not suitable for large size.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a fast and accurate positioning ruler with more convenient operation, higher dimensional positioning accuracy and faster working efficiency.
  • a fast and precise positioning ruler includes an end plate 4, a screw rod 3 and a slide rail installed between the end plates 4 on both sides, and a slide table 2 mounted on the slide rail.
  • the half nut 7 sliding up and down, the side wall of the half nut 7 and the half nut mounting hole wall on the sliding table 2 are slidingly fitted, and the half nut 7 is slid upward or downward to make the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 threaded or threaded.
  • at least one end of the both ends of the screw 3 is provided with a scale hand wheel 6.
  • the fast and precise positioning depends on the ruler, the optical axis 5 is used as the slide rail, and the optical axis 5 and the screw rod 3 are installed between the end plates 4 on both sides.
  • the quick and precise positioning is based on the ruler, and the end plates 4 on both sides are used as fixing members, and are fixed on the equipment frame 11 by screws.
  • the half nut 7 is a nut having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a partial thread.
  • the bottom of the half nut 7 is provided with a plurality of holes for mounting the compression spring 12, and a compression spring 12 is mounted in the hole, below the compression spring 12.
  • a spring baffle 13 is provided, and the spring baffle 13 is screwed to the bottom of the slide table 2.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is a hand wheel that can be rotated and adjusted by the scale ring.
  • Two linear bearings 6 are mounted on each side of the slide table 2, and the slide table 2 is mounted on the optical axis 5.
  • the ruler 1 is fixed above the slide table 2 by a connecting plate 8.
  • Solution 2 A fast and precise positioning ruler, including an end plate 4, a screw rod 3 and a slide rail installed between the end plates 4 on both sides, and a slide table 2 mounted on the slide rail, and the slide table 2 is provided only in the middle
  • the half nut 7 sliding up and down, the side wall of the half nut 4 and the half nut mounting hole wall on the sliding table 2 are slidingly fitted, and the half nut 7 is slid upward or downward to make the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 threaded or threaded.
  • at least one end of the both ends of the screw 3 is provided with a scale hand wheel 6.
  • the fast and precise positioning is based on the ruler, and the optical axis 5 with the support base 16 or the square ball slide 20 is used as the slide rail.
  • the fast and precise positioning depends on the ruler, and the sliding rail is provided with a fixing screw hole, and the sliding rail is used as a fixing component, and is fixed on the equipment supporting frame 17 by screws.
  • the half nut 7 is a nut having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a partial thread.
  • the bottom of the half nut 7 is provided with a plurality of holes for mounting the compression spring 12, and a compression spring 12 is mounted in the hole, below the compression spring 12.
  • a spring baffle 13 is provided, and the spring baffle 13 is screwed to the bottom of the slide table 2.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is a hand wheel that can be rotated and adjusted by the scale ring.
  • the sliding table 2 is mounted on the sliding rail, and two sliding linear bearings 18 or a square ball slider 19 matched with the sliding rail are disposed on each side of the sliding table 2.
  • the ruler 1 is fixed above the slide table 2 by a connecting plate 8.
  • Solution 3 A fast and precise positioning ruler, including an end plate 4, a screw rod 3 and a slide rail installed between the end plates 4 on both sides, and a slide table 2 mounted on the slide rail, and the slide table 2 is provided only in the middle
  • the half nut 7 sliding up and down, the side wall of the half nut 7 and the half nut mounting hole wall on the sliding table 2 are slidingly fitted, and the half nut 7 is slid upward or downward to make the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 threaded or threaded.
  • at least one end of the both ends of the screw 3 is provided with a scale hand wheel 6.
  • the fast and precise positioning depends on the ruler, the optical axis 5 is used as the slide rail, and the optical axis 5 and the screw rod 3 are installed between the end plates 4 on both sides.
  • the fast and precise positioning is based on the ruler, the slide table 2 is used as a fixing component, and the slide table 2 is screwed on the work surface 10.
  • the half nut 7 is a nut having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a partial thread.
  • the bottom of the half nut 7 is provided with a plurality of holes for mounting the compression spring 12, and a compression spring 12 is mounted in the hole, below the compression spring 12.
  • a spring baffle 13 is provided, and the spring baffle 13 is fixed to the bottom of the slide table 2.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is a hand wheel that can be rotated and adjusted by the scale ring.
  • the ruler 1 is fixed to the end plate 4 of the corresponding side by means of a screw through the connecting plate 8.
  • the end plate 4 for mounting the ruler 1 is U-shaped or the connecting plate 8 is U-shaped, and the U-shaped intermediate recess can accommodate the scale hand mounted on the screw 3 Round 6.
  • the invention provides a fast and precise positioning ruler with various structures in response to different work requirements, and the structure design is ingenious.
  • the semi-nut can be separated from the screw rod, thereby making the ruler
  • the sliding is extremely simple and fast, and the screw is used as the transmission.
  • the handwheel with the adjustable scale ring is used as a micro-adjustment, so the size of the ruler is more accurate.
  • the cooperation between the screw rod and the nut has a movable clearance, and the half nut is pressed by the compression spring due to the partial thread engagement, and the thread slopes are fitted to each other, so there is no active gap between the screw rod and the nut. This makes the operation more convenient.
  • the accurate positioning of the ruler can be completed in an average of 8 seconds, and the prior art ruler is difficult to achieve such fast and accurate, and the invention has significant remarkable work efficiency and work quality.
  • the upgrade can make the operator feel relaxed and happy during use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the slide-slide.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the sliding platform of the solution.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a half nut.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the second slide table.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the scheme three.
  • Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the scheme three slides.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sliding table with a square ball slide as a slide rail.
  • Figure 11 is a side elevational view of the solution of the three U-connector plate.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the fixed three-U connecting plate fixed by the ruler.
  • Fig. 1 is drawn with a circular saw cutting machine.
  • the ruler 1 is usually made of an aluminum alloy profile, and the ruler 1 is fixed by a connecting plate 8 with a screw.
  • a connecting plate 8 with a screw Above the slide table 2, two linear bearings 9 are mounted on each side of the slide table 2, and a square vertical through hole for mounting the half nut 7 is disposed in the middle of the slide table 2, and the half nut 7 is mounted therein and is only allowed to slide up and down.
  • the side wall of the half nut 7 is in sliding engagement with the wall of the hole, and the half nut is a nut with a partial thread 14.
  • the optical axis 5 and the screw rod 3 are installed between the end plates 4 on both sides, and the end plate 4 is fixed to the equipment frame 11 by screws as a fixing member of the entire ruler mechanism, and one end of the screw rod 3 is provided with a scale hand wheel 6,
  • the scale ring on the scale hand wheel 6 is rotatably adjustable.
  • the bottom of the half nut 7 is provided with a plurality of spring mounting holes 15 in which the compression spring 12 is mounted.
  • the bottom of the slide table 2 is provided with a spring baffle 13 for working principle: natural state
  • the lower half nut 7 is subjected to the upward thrust of the compression spring 12, and at this time, the half nut 7 and the screw shaft 3 are in a thread engagement state, and the scale hand wheel 6 can be rotated to adjust the movement by the ruler 1, and when the moving distance is large, Press the half nut 7 downward to separate the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3, and then directly push the slide table 2 for rapid movement.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is used for micro adjustment, and the table 10 can be provided with a scale. The combination of the scale value and the value on the scale ring can accurately reflect the position of the ruler 1.
  • FIG. 6 is drawn by the circular saw cutting machine.
  • the ruler 1 is usually made of an aluminum alloy profile, and the ruler 1 is fixed on the slide table 2 through the connecting plate 8, the slide table. 2 two open linear bearings 18 are mounted on both sides, and a square vertical through hole for mounting the half nut 7 is arranged in the middle of the slide table 2, and the half nut 7 is installed therein and is only allowed to slide up and down, the side wall of the half nut 7 and the hole wall Is a sliding fit, the optical axis 5 and the screw 3 are mounted between the end plates 4 on both sides, the slide rail is an optical axis 5 with a support base 16, and the support base 16 is mounted at the bottom of the middle portion of the optical axis 5,
  • the support base 16 has a screw hole, and the entire ruler device is fixed on the equipment support frame 17 by using a slide rail as a fixing component.
  • One end of the screw rod 3 is provided with a scale hand wheel 6, and the scale ring on the scale hand wheel 6 can be rotated and adjusted.
  • the bottom of the half nut 7 is provided with a spring mounting hole 15 .
  • the compression spring 12 is installed therein, and the bottom of the sliding table 2 is provided with a spring baffle 13 .
  • Working principle the half nut 7 in the natural state is subjected to the upward thrust of the compression spring 12 , the half nut 7 is in a threaded state with the screw rod 3, then the scale hand wheel 6 can be rotated to adjust the ruler 1 When the moving distance is large, the half nut 7 can be pressed downward.
  • the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 are separated from each other, and the sliding table 2 can be directly moved by hand to move quickly.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is used for micro adjustment.
  • the table 10 can be provided with a scale. The scale value and the value on the scale ring can accurately reflect the position of the ruler 1. .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the slide structure of the scheme.
  • the square ball slider 19 is screwed under the slide table 2, and 20 is a square ball slide rail.
  • the square ball slide 20 is provided with screw holes, and the square ball slide 20 is fixed on the equipment support frame 17 as a fixing member of the entire ruler mechanism.
  • the second embodiment uses the slide rail as a fixed component of the entire ruler mechanism, so that the end plate 4 can be extended to a longer length, thereby greatly increasing the sliding stroke of the ruler.
  • Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are all drawn with the table top of the woodworking router, and the slide table 2 is fixed as a fixing member to the countertop 10 in the above figure.
  • two linear bearings 9 are mounted on both sides of the sliding table 2, and a square vertical through hole for mounting a half nut is arranged in the middle of the sliding table 2.
  • the half nut 7 is installed therein and is only allowed to slide up and down, and the side wall of the half nut 7 is The hole wall is slidingly matched, and the sliding table 2 has lugs on both sides thereof, and the lug is provided with a screw hole, and the screw rod 3 and the optical axis 5 are installed between the end plates 4 on both sides for mounting the shape of the end plate 4 on the side of the ruler.
  • the U-shaped portion is for accommodating the scale hand wheel 6, the U-shaped end is provided with a screw hole, the connecting plate 8 is fixed on the end plate 4, and the ruler 1 is screwed on the connecting plate 8, up or down
  • the sliding half nut 7 allows the half nut 7 and the lead screw 3 to be in a threaded or threaded state.
  • Working principle in the natural state, the half nut 7 is subjected to the thrust of the compression spring 12, and the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 are in the thread engagement state.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 can be rotated to adjust the movement by the ruler 1, when the moving distance is large
  • the half nut 7 can be pressed down.
  • the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 are separated from each other, and the ruler 1 can be quickly slid directly by hand.
  • the half nut 7 is loosened, the half nut 7 and the screw rod 3 are threaded.
  • the scale hand wheel 6 is used for micro adjustment, and the table 10 can be provided with a scale. The combination of the scale value and the value on the scale ring can accurately reflect the position of the ruler 1.
  • FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show another way of mounting the ruler 1 and the end plate 4.
  • the connecting plate 8 is U-shaped and has a corresponding screw hole on the connecting plate 8 for connecting and fixing the ruler 1 With the end plate 4, there is a nut 22 in the groove of the ruler 1, and the connecting plate 8 has a screw 21. When the screw 21 is tightened, the ruler 1 is fixed on the connecting plate 8.

Abstract

一种快速精确定位靠尺，属于加工设备上的靠尺机构。包括靠尺（1）、滑台（2）、滑轨和丝杆（3），滑台（2）中间设有仅限上下滑动的半螺母（7），在丝杆（3）的一端还设有刻度手轮（6），向上或向下滑动半螺母（7）可使半螺母（7）与丝杆（3）处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态，由于半螺母（7）与丝杆（3）可以分离，所以靠尺（1）可以在导轨上快速的移动，螺纹咬合后由刻度手轮（6）进行微量调节，可以使尺寸定位极为精确，在实际作业中可以显著提升工作效率及加工质量，并可使操作人员在使用过程中显得轻松愉快。

Description

一种快速精确定位靠尺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种加工机械中的靠尺机构，可广泛应用于台式切割机、带锯机、木工修边机等机械设备。
背景技术
在现代木材及类似材料的加工机械中，靠尺是一种广泛应用的一种加工尺寸控制部件，其能有效的控制加工尺寸、提高工作效率。实际作业过程中，由于加工尺寸的不同，需要经常调整靠尺，然而目前市场上现有的靠尺，虽然结构多样品种繁多，但普遍操作不够灵活，且尺寸定位不够精确。
专利号为201420036268.6的发明专利公示一种木工带锯机的靠尺微调结构，此结构的微调类似游标卡尺的方法，当靠尺移动到大概位置时，固定微调滑板，再旋转微调杆，此方案中，存在不足如下：尺寸值不精确，标尺一般只能精确到1mm左右,每次调尺寸需要先固定微调板，再微调，如果尺寸要求高，还要进行试切，其操作性有待进一步增强。
专利号为201220212178.9的发明专利公示了一种推台锯控制微调式大靠尺，其采用了丝杆传动，如果配合标尺，手轮上增加刻度，便可大大增加尺寸的精确度，但在繁杂的加工环境中需要经常调整尺寸，如果尺寸移动数值较大就要转动手轮数圈，不足之处在于调整尺寸速度慢。
专利申请号为201210438020.8的文件公示了迷你台锯上的数显靠山，其不足之处有：由于木料切割中木屑效多，电子装置可靠性较差，并且每次开关电子数显，都需要归零校对，还有此结构不适合大尺寸的靠尺。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的是针对现有技术中存在的上述不足，而提供一种操作更便利、尺寸定位精度更高、工作效率更快的一种快速精确定位靠尺。
技术方案：
方案一：一种快速精确定位靠尺，包括端板4、安装在两侧端板4间的丝杆3和滑轨、安装在滑轨上的滑台2，滑台2中间设有仅限上下滑动的半螺母7，半螺母7侧壁与滑台2上的半螺母安装孔孔壁滑动配合，向上或向下滑动半螺母7可使半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态，丝杆3的两端至少一端设有刻度手轮6。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，采用光轴5为作滑轨，光轴5与丝杆3安装在两侧端板4间。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，以两侧端板4作为固定部件，用螺丝固定在设备机架11上。
所述的半螺母7是一种外形是长方体的，带有局部螺纹的螺母，半螺母7的底部设有若干个用于安装压缩弹簧12的孔，孔内安装压缩弹簧12，压缩弹簧12下方设有弹簧档板13，弹簧档板13用螺丝固定在滑台2底部。
所述的刻度手轮6是一种刻度环可以转动调节的手轮。
所述的滑台2两边各安装有两个直线轴承6，滑台2安装在光轴5上。
所述的靠尺1通过连接板8固定在滑台2上方。
方案二：一种快速精确定位靠尺，包括端板4、安装在两侧端板4间的丝杆3和滑轨、安装在滑轨上的滑台2，滑台2中间设有仅限上下滑动的半螺母7，半螺母4侧壁与滑台2上的半螺母安装孔孔壁滑动配合，向上或向下滑动半螺母7可使半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态，丝杆3的两端至少一端设有刻度手轮6。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，采用带支撑座16的光轴5或方形滚珠滑轨20作为滑轨。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其滑轨上设有固定螺丝孔，以滑轨作为固定部件，用螺丝固定在设备支撑架17上。
所述的半螺母7是一种外形是长方体的，带有局部螺纹的螺母，半螺母7的底部设有若干个用于安装压缩弹簧12的孔，孔内安装压缩弹簧12，压缩弹簧12下方设有弹簧档板13，弹簧档板13用螺丝固定在滑台2底部。
所述的刻度手轮6是一种刻度环可以转动调节的手轮。
所述的滑台2安装在滑轨上，滑台2两边各设有两个与滑轨相配套的开口直线轴承18或方形滚珠滑块19。
所述的靠尺1通过连接板8固定在滑台2上方。
方案三：一种快速精确定位靠尺，包括端板4、安装在两侧端板4间的丝杆3和滑轨、安装在滑轨上的滑台2，滑台2中间设有仅限上下滑动的半螺母7，半螺母7侧壁与滑台2上的半螺母安装孔孔壁滑动配合，向上或向下滑动半螺母7可使半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态，丝杆3的两端至少一端设有刻度手轮6。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，采用光轴5为作滑轨，光轴5与丝杆3安装在两侧端板4间。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，以滑台2作为固定部件，滑台2用螺丝固定在工作台面10上。
所述的半螺母7是一种外形是长方体的，带有局部螺纹的螺母，半螺母7的底部设有若干个用于安装压缩弹簧12的孔，孔内安装压缩弹簧12，压缩弹簧12下方设有弹簧档板13，弹簧档板13固定在滑台2底部。
所述的刻度手轮6是一种刻度环可以转动调节的手轮。
所述的靠尺1使用螺丝通过连接板8与相应一侧的端板4固定在一起。
所述的快速精确定位靠尺，用于安装靠尺1的端板4形状为U型的或者连接板8形状为U型的，U型中间凹陷处可容纳安装在丝杆3上的刻度手轮6。
本发明在应对不同的工作需求，提供了有多种结构的快速精确定位靠尺，其结构设计巧妙，与现有的技术相比，由于采用的半螺母可与丝杆分离，从而使靠尺的滑动极为简便、快速，并以丝杆作为传动，以带有可调节刻度环的手轮作为微量调节，所以靠尺的尺寸定位更加精确。通常来说丝杆与螺母的配合是有活动间隙的，而半螺母由于螺纹是局部螺纹配合的同时受到压缩弹簧向上的推力，螺纹斜面相互贴合，所以丝杆与螺母间不存在活动间隙，从而操作更方便。本发明在实际使用中，平均只需8秒便可完成靠尺的精确定位，而目前现有技术的靠尺很难达到如此地快速而精确，本发明在工作效率和工作质量方面有非常显著的提升，并可使操作人员在使用过程中显得轻松愉快。
附图说明
图1为方案一立体示意图。
图2为方案一滑台内部结构示意图。
图3为方案一滑台俯视结构示意图。
图4为半螺母示意图。
图5为方案二立体示意图。
图6为方案二滑台内部结构示意图。
图7为方案三立体示意图。
图8为方案三局部放大示意图。
图9为方案三滑台内部结构示意图。
图10为方案二以方形滚珠滑轨作为滑轨的滑台结构示意图。
图11为方案三U连接板固定靠尺的侧视图。
图12为方案三U连接板固定靠尺的立体图。
上述图中：1-靠尺，2-滑台，3-丝杆，4-端板，5-光轴，6-刻度手轮，7-半螺母，8-连接板，9-直线轴承，10-台面板，11-设备机架，12-压缩弹簧，13-弹簧挡板，14-半螺母的局部螺纹，15-弹簧安装孔，16-支撑座，17-支撑架，18-开口直线轴承，19-方形滚珠滑块，20-方形滚珠滑轨，21-螺丝,22-螺母；23-丝杆孔。
具体实施方式
以下将结合上述附图对本发明实施再进行三个具体实施例作详细说明。
方案一：
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示，图1以圆锯切割机为原形绘制，上述图中靠尺1通常由铝合金型材制成，靠尺1用螺丝通过连接板8固定在滑台2上方，滑台2两侧各安装有两个直线轴承9，滑台2中间设有一个用于安装半螺母7的方形垂直通孔，半螺母7安装在其中且仅限上下滑动，半螺母7侧壁与孔壁是滑动配合的，半螺母是一种带有局部螺纹14的螺母。光轴5和丝杆3安装在两侧的端板4间，端板4作为整个靠尺机构的固定部件用螺丝固定在设备机架11上，丝杆3的一端设有刻度手轮6，刻度手轮6上的刻度环是可以转动调节的，半螺母7的底部设有若干个弹簧安装孔15压缩弹簧12安装在其中，滑台2底部设有弹簧档板13，工作原理：自然状态下半螺母7由于受到压缩弹簧12向上的推力，此时半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合状态，这时可以转动刻度手轮6来调节靠尺1移动，当移动距离较大时便可向下按半螺母7，使半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹分离，便可直接用手推动滑台2作快速移动，当松开半螺母7后，半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹咬合，此时再用刻度手轮6作微量调节，台面板10上可设有标尺,标尺数值与刻度环上的数值相结合便能精确的反映靠尺1的位置。
方案二：
如图5、图6所示，图6以圆锯切割机为原形绘制，上述图中靠尺1通常由铝合金型材制成，靠尺1通过连接板8固定在滑台2上，滑台2两侧各安装有两个开口直线轴承18，滑台2中间设有用于安装半螺母7的方形垂直通孔，半螺母7安装在其中且仅限上下滑动，半螺母7侧壁与孔壁是滑动配合的，光轴5和丝杆3安装在两侧的端板4间，所述的滑轨为带有支撑座16的光轴5，支撑座16安装在光轴5的中段底部，支撑座16上有螺丝孔，整个靠尺装置以滑轨作为固定部件固定在设备支撑架17上，丝杆3的一端设有刻度手轮6，刻度手轮6上的刻度环是可以转动调节的，半螺母7底部设有弹簧安装孔15压缩弹簧12安装在其中，滑台2底部设有弹簧档板13，工作原理：自然状态下半螺母7由于受到压缩弹簧12向上的推力，半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合状态，这时可以转动刻度手轮6来调节靠尺1移动，当移动距离较大时便可向下按半螺母7，这时半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹分离，便可直接用手推动滑台2作快速移动，松开半螺母7后，半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹咬合，此时再用刻度手轮6作微量调节，台面板10上可设有标尺,标尺数值与刻度环上的数值相结合便能精确的反映靠尺1的位置。
此方案还可以使用方形滚珠滑轨作为滑轨，图10即为该方案滑台结构示意图，所述图10中，方形滚珠滑块19用螺丝固定在滑台2下方，20为方形滚珠滑轨，方形滚珠滑轨20上设有螺丝孔，方形滚珠滑轨20作为整个靠尺机构的固定部件定在设备支撑架17上。
方案二与方案一相比，采用滑轨作为整个靠尺机构的固定部件，可使端板4延伸至更长，从而大大增加靠尺的滑动行程。
方案三：
如图7、图8、图9、图11、图12所示，图7、图8均以木工锣铣机台面为原形绘制，上述图中滑台2作为固定部件用螺丝固定在台面板10上，滑台2两侧各安装有两个直线轴承9，滑台2中间设有用于安装半螺母的方形垂直通孔，半螺母7安装在其中且仅限上下滑动，半螺母7侧壁与孔壁是滑动配合的，滑台2两边有凸耳，凸耳上设有螺丝孔，丝杆3和光轴5安装在两侧端板4间，用于安装靠尺一侧的端板4形状是U形的，U形处用于容纳刻度手轮6，U形顶端设有螺丝孔，连接板8固定在端板4上，靠尺1用螺丝固定在连接板8上，向上或向下滑动半螺母7可使半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态。工作原理：自然状态下半螺母7由于受到压缩弹簧12的推力，半螺母7与丝杆3处于螺纹咬合状态，这时可以转动刻度手轮6来调节靠尺1移动，当移动距离较大时便可向下按半螺母7，这时半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹分离，便可直接用手快速滑动靠尺1，松开半螺母7后，半螺母7与丝杆3螺纹咬合，此时再用刻度手轮6作微量调节，台面板10上可设有标尺,标尺数值与刻度环上的数值相结合便能精确的反映靠尺1的位置。
图11、图12为靠尺1与端板4安装的另一种方式，此连接板8是一种形状为U型的，连接板8上面有相应的螺丝孔，用于连接固定靠尺1与端板4，靠尺1槽内有螺母22，连接板8上有螺丝21，当拧紧螺丝21后，靠尺1便固定在连接板8上了。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种快速精确定位靠尺，包括端板(4)、安装在两侧端板(4)间的丝杆(3)和滑轨、安装在滑轨上的滑台(2)，其特征在于：滑台(2)中间设有仅限上下滑动的半螺母(7)，向上或向下滑动半螺母(7)可使半螺母(7)与丝杆(3)处于螺纹咬合或螺纹分离状态，丝杆(3)的两端至少一端设有刻度手轮(6)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：半螺母(7)是一种外形是长方体的，带有局部螺纹的螺母，半螺母(7)的底部还可设置若干个用于安装压缩弹簧(12)的孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：刻度手轮(6)上带有的刻度环是可以转动调节的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：所述滑轨为光轴(5)，光轴(5)与丝杆(3)安装在两侧端板(4)间，并以两侧端板(4)作为固定部件用螺丝固定在设备机架(11)上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：所述滑轨为带支撑座(16)的光轴(5)或方形滚珠滑轨(20)，并以滑轨作为固定部件用螺丝固定在支撑架(17)上。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：靠尺(1)安装在滑台(2)上方，靠尺(1)与滑台(2)是由连接板(8)固定在一起。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：以滑台(2)作为固定部件用螺丝固定在工作台面(10)上，且所述滑轨为光轴(5)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的快速精确定位靠尺，其特征在于：靠尺(1)安装在一侧端板(4)上，靠尺(1)与端板(4)是由连接板(8)固定在一起的，用于安装靠尺(1)的端板(4)是U型的或者连接板(8)是U型的，U型中间凹陷处可容纳安装在丝杆(3)上的刻度手轮(6)。
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