WO2016159149A1 - Dispositif de conversion de puissance et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion de puissance et son procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016159149A1
WO2016159149A1 PCT/JP2016/060506 JP2016060506W WO2016159149A1 WO 2016159149 A1 WO2016159149 A1 WO 2016159149A1 JP 2016060506 W JP2016060506 W JP 2016060506W WO 2016159149 A1 WO2016159149 A1 WO 2016159149A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
switching element
unit
current
power conversion
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PCT/JP2016/060506
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
杉本　薫
亮祐 田村
秀介 賀屋
竹三 杉村
Original Assignee
古河電気工業株式会社
古河As株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 古河電気工業株式会社, 古河As株式会社 filed Critical 古河電気工業株式会社
Priority to CN201680013541.5A priority Critical patent/CN107408884B/zh
Priority to JP2017510145A priority patent/JP6698631B2/ja
Priority to EP16773030.8A priority patent/EP3280040A4/fr
Publication of WO2016159149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016159149A1/fr
Priority to US15/668,079 priority patent/US10389239B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K2017/6875—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors using self-conductive, depletion FETs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion device and a control method thereof.
  • a DCDC converter As a power converter that converts the characteristics of input power and outputs the power, for example, there is a DCDC converter.
  • Advantages such as downsizing and low loss of switching elements by replacing WBG (wide band gap) semiconductors such as nitride semiconductors (for example, GaN semiconductors) as the constituent material of switching elements used in DCDC converter booster circuits, etc. Is known to be obtained.
  • WBG wide band gap
  • nitride semiconductors for example, GaN semiconductors
  • the normally-on type has better switching performance than the normally-off type.
  • the normally-on type has a smaller gate capacitance than the normally-off type and can reduce the on-resistance, and can realize a high-speed switching operation. Therefore, it is known that a low-cost and high-performance product can be manufactured relatively easily. It has been.
  • Patent Document 1 a configuration in which a protective device is provided upstream of the power converter is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 1 realizes a protection function by driving the latch opening / closing electromagnetic relay to the open side, it is necessary to input a control signal for driving the latch opening / closing electromagnetic relay from the outside. There is.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device that can automatically cut off a large current and a control method thereof.
  • a power conversion device is a power conversion device that converts and outputs characteristics of input power, and is a nitride-based semiconductor material And a power converter that converts the characteristics of the power when the first switching element performs a switching operation, and an operation for controlling the switching operation of the first switching element.
  • the power conversion device is characterized in that, in the above invention, the threshold value changes according to a time during which a current flows through the second switching element.
  • a power conversion device is a power conversion device that converts and outputs characteristics of input power, and includes a normally-on type first switching element made of a nitride-based semiconductor material, Provided on the power input side of the power conversion unit, a power conversion unit that converts the characteristics of the power when the first switching element performs a switching operation, an operation control unit that controls the switching operation of the first switching element A second switching element that turns on / off the power input to the power conversion unit, and a current detection unit that detects a current flowing through the second switching element to turn on / off the second switching element. And the energization permission obtained from the time dependency of the current threshold that changes according to the time when the current flows through the second switching element. If it exceeds the time, characterized in that it and a intelligent power switch and a protection control unit for turning off the second switching element.
  • the power conversion device is characterized in that, in the above invention, the power conversion unit is a DCDC converter.
  • a method for controlling a power converter is a method for controlling a power converter that converts and outputs characteristics of input power, and the power converter is made of a nitride-based semiconductor material.
  • a power converter having a normally-on type first switching element and converting the characteristics of the power when the first switching element performs a switching operation, and an operation control unit for controlling the switching operation of the first switching element
  • a second switching element that is provided on a power input side of the power conversion unit and that turns on / off power input to the power conversion unit; and a current detection unit that detects a current flowing through the second switching element. And controlling the on / off of the second switching element and the second switching element when the current detected by the current detector exceeds a threshold value.
  • An intelligent power switch that includes a protection control unit that is turned off, and a protection characteristic adjustment unit that is connected to the operation control unit and the intelligent power switch, and the protection characteristic adjustment unit has an abnormality in the operation control unit. Is detected, a predetermined adjustment signal is output to the second switching element.
  • the second switching element when the adjustment signal is input in the on state, the second switching element maintains the on state and the protection control.
  • the unit turns off the second switching element based on the threshold value.
  • the intelligent power switch supplies power to the current conversion unit when the detected current exceeds the threshold value or when the time when the current flows through the second switching element exceeds the allowable energization time. Since it interrupts
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the intelligent power switch.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a case where a large current flows through the power conversion device illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a case where a large current flows through the power conversion device illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of overcurrent protection characteristics of a field effect transistor and electric wire smoke characteristics of a power supply line.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. The power conversion apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment functions as a DCDC converter that steps down the voltage of power output from the battery S that is a power source and outputs the voltage.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes a DCDC converter unit 11 that is a power conversion unit, a control unit 12 that is an operation control unit, and an intelligent power switch 13.
  • the DCDC converter unit 11 includes a field-effect transistor 11a as a first switching element, a drive unit 11b that drives the field-effect transistor 11a with PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation), a diode 11c, and an inductor 11d.
  • a capacitor unit 11e composed of two capacitors, and is configured as a step-down DCDC converter. An electric load is connected to the output side.
  • the field effect transistor 11a is a normally-on type field effect transistor made of a nitride semiconductor material.
  • the field effect transistor 11a has a drain connected to the battery S side, a source connected to the output side, and a drive unit 11b connected to the gate.
  • the drive unit 11b applies a control voltage to the gate of the field effect transistor 11a to control on / off of the field effect transistor 11a.
  • the field effect transistor 11a turns on the input of electric power to the output unit when the drive unit 11b does not apply a control voltage to the gate, and the drive unit 11b applies a reverse bias control voltage to the output unit. Turn off the power input to the.
  • the driving unit 11b performs PWM driving for switching the field effect transistor 11a by applying a PWM signal to the gate of the field effect transistor 11a in accordance with the control signal input from the control unit 12.
  • the inductor 11d accumulates energy by a direct current flowing from the battery S when the field effect transistor 11a is switched on. When the field effect transistor 11a is switched off, the inductor 11d releases the stored energy. As a result, an induced current flows through the diode 11c.
  • the capacitor unit 11e is provided to smooth the voltage. Thereby, the power converter device 10 can output DC power having the output voltage Vout that is stepped down from the input voltage Vin from the battery S.
  • the voltage step-down amount can be adjusted by setting the duty ratio of the PWM signal.
  • the control unit 12 controls the switching operation of the field effect transistor 11a by controlling the operation of the driving unit 11b.
  • the control unit 12 is constituted by a microcomputer, for example.
  • the intelligent power switch 13 is provided on the power input side of the DCDC converter unit 11, that is, between the battery S and the power input side of the DCDC converter unit 11 in the first embodiment.
  • the intelligent power switch 13 includes a field effect transistor 13a as a second switching element and a protection control unit 13b.
  • the field effect transistor 13a is a normally-off type field effect transistor, for example, an n-channel power MOSFET.
  • the protection controller 13b is connected to the gate.
  • the protection controller 13b applies a control voltage to the gate of the field effect transistor 13a to control on / off of the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the field effect transistor 13a turns on the input of power to the DCDC converter unit 11 when the protection control unit 13b applies a control voltage to the gate, and is connected from the battery S to the output side via the DCDC converter unit 11. Apply load current to the electrical load.
  • the protection control unit 13b stops applying the control voltage to the gate to turn off the input of power to the DCDC converter unit 11.
  • the protection control unit 13b includes a current detection unit 13ba that detects a current flowing between the drain and source of the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the protection control unit 13 b transmits and receives signals to and from the control unit 12. This signal includes a signal including information on the current value detected by the current detection unit 13ba.
  • the intelligent power switch 13 the well-known structure marketed can be used. Here, the intelligent power switch 13 will be described in detail below.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the intelligent power switch 13.
  • the intelligent power switch 13 includes a field effect transistor 13a as a semiconductor switch, a current detection unit 13ba, an abnormality detection unit 130, a control unit 140, and a switch drive unit 150 that constitute a protection control unit 13b.
  • the current detection unit 13ba detects an external load, that is, a load current Iload supplied to the DCDC converter unit 11 via the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the abnormality detection unit 130 detects overcurrent and overheating in the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the control unit 140 connected to the external control unit 12 controls the field effect transistor 13a to be turned off when the abnormality detection unit 130 detects an abnormality.
  • the switch driver 150 controls on / off of the field effect transistor 13a. Connected to the switch driver 150 is a charge pump 151 that boosts the voltage to a voltage required to turn on the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the drain terminal 13ad of the field effect transistor 13a is connected to the battery S, and the source terminal 13as is connected to the DCDC converter unit 11.
  • the gate terminal 13ag is connected to the charge pump 151 via the switch driving unit 150.
  • the control unit 140 controls the switch driving unit 150 to output a predetermined driving voltage from the charge pump 151 to the gate terminal 13ag, the field effect transistor 13a is turned on and the load current from the battery S toward the DCDC converter unit 11 is turned on. (Iload) flows.
  • the field effect transistor 13a is switched from the on state to the off state, and the power supply to the DCDC converter unit 11 is stopped.
  • the current detection unit 13ba includes a temperature compensation circuit 121, a differential amplifier 122, a P-channel MOSFET 123, and an I / V conversion circuit 124.
  • the temperature compensation circuit 121 is composed of a temperature sensitive resistor whose resistance value (Rs1) changes with temperature, one end (input side) is connected to the battery S, and the other end (output side) is an inversion of the differential amplifier 122. Connected to the input terminal.
  • a non-inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier 122 is connected to an electric wire that connects the field effect transistor 13 a and the DCDC converter unit 11.
  • the output terminal of the differential amplifier 122 is connected to the gate terminal of the P-channel type MOSFET 123.
  • the drain terminal and the source terminal of the P-channel MOSFET 123 are connected to the output side of the temperature compensation circuit 121 and the I / V conversion circuit 124, respectively.
  • the current detection unit 13ba By configuring the current detection unit 13ba as described above, the current Is flowing through the P-channel MOSFET 123 so that the voltage on the source terminal 13as side of the field effect transistor 13a and the voltage on the outlet side of the temperature compensation circuit 121 match. (Sense current Is) is adjusted. Since the drain terminal 13ad of the field effect transistor 13a and the input side of the temperature compensation circuit 121 are both connected to the battery S, the sense current Is is the drain-source voltage Vds of the field effect transistor 13a and the temperature compensation circuit 121. The current value when the inter-terminal voltage is equal.
  • the sense current Is indicates a current value proportional to the load current Iload flowing through the field effect transistor 13a, and the proportionality coefficient can be derived from the resistance value Rds of the field effect transistor 13a and the resistance value Rs1 of the temperature compensation circuit 121.
  • the sense current Is flowing through the P-channel MOSFET 123 is proportional to the load current Iload, the load current Iload can be detected using the sense current Is.
  • the sense current Is is converted into a voltage by the I / V conversion circuit 124 and output to the abnormality detection unit 130 as the sense voltage Vs.
  • the abnormality detection unit 130 includes a comparator 131 and has a function of detecting and protecting an overcurrent and overheat in the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the comparator 131 has two input terminals.
  • the sense voltage Vs which is an output from the current detection unit 13ba, is input to one input terminal, and a predetermined cutoff threshold Vref is input to the other input terminal.
  • the cutoff threshold Vref is set so that the current value corresponding to the cutoff threshold Vref satisfies the overcurrent protection characteristics of the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the comparator 131 compares the sense voltage Vs with the cutoff threshold value Vref, and outputs an abnormality detection signal to the control unit 140 when the sense voltage Vs becomes larger than the cutoff threshold value Vref. Thereby, as will be described later, the field effect transistor 13a in the intelligent power switch 13 is cut off.
  • the control unit 140 outputs a predetermined control signal to the switch driving unit 150 in accordance with an operation signal input from the external control unit 12. That is, when an operation signal requesting activation of the DCDC converter unit 11 is input from the external control unit 12, the control unit 140 outputs a control signal for turning on the field effect transistor 13 a to the switch driving unit 150. . When an operation signal for stopping the supply of power from the control unit 12 to the DCDC converter unit 11 is input, a control signal for turning off the field effect transistor 13 a is output to the switch driving unit 150.
  • the control unit 140 also receives an abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection unit 130 and outputs the abnormality detection signal to the switch driving unit 150. As the abnormality detection signal, an abnormality non-detection signal is normally output. When an abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection unit 130, the abnormality detection signal is switched to an abnormality detection signal.
  • the switch driving unit 150 does not apply the driving voltage from the charge pump 151 to the gate terminal 13ag of the field effect transistor 13a when the control signal for turning off the field effect transistor 13a is input from the control unit 140. Thereby, the field effect transistor 13a is turned off, and power supply from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 11 is stopped.
  • a control signal for turning on the field effect transistor 13a is input from the control unit 140 and the abnormality detection signal is not abnormally detected, a predetermined drive voltage is applied from the charge pump 151 to the gate terminal 13ag of the field effect transistor 13a. Apply. As a result, the field effect transistor 13a is turned on, and power is supplied from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 11.
  • the control signal input from the control unit 140 turns on the field effect transistor 13a. Even for the signal to be transmitted, the field effect transistor 13a is switched to the OFF state. Thereby, the power supply from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 11 is stopped.
  • the protection control unit 13b stops applying the control voltage to the gate so as to turn off the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the threshold value is set to a large value that is considered to be an overcurrent with respect to the DCDC converter unit 11. Thereby, a large current flowing from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 11, particularly the field effect transistor 11 a of the DCDC converter unit 11, can be cut off. Such interruption of current is automatically performed by the intelligent power switch 13 regardless of external control. Thereby, the expansion of the failure of the power converter device 10 can be prevented.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a case where a large current flows through the power conversion device 10 shown in FIG.
  • illustration of the control unit 12 and the like is omitted for simplification of the drawing.
  • a PWM signal is applied from the drive unit 11b to the gate portion of the field effect transistor 11a.
  • a current I may flow as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage V L between the terminals of the inductor 11d is indicated by a solid line according to the characteristics of the PWM signal. Increase or decrease periodically.
  • the voltage VL becomes a constant value as shown by a broken line, for example, a large value corresponding to the maximum value of the voltage VL when the gate portion is functioning normally.
  • the current flowing through the inductor 11d I L periodically as shown by the solid line according to the characteristics of the PWM signal The average value is an output current value.
  • the current IL increases.
  • the current IL may be about 50 times or more, or even 100 times or more of the normal value when the gate portion is faulty.
  • Current I is also the same degree of value and the current I L.
  • the power converter 10 is a step-down DCDC converter having an output voltage of 3 kW, an input voltage Vin of 48V, and an output voltage Vout of 12V.
  • the protection control unit 13b when the current detected by the current detection unit 13ba of the intelligent power switch 13 exceeds the threshold as described above, the protection control unit 13b includes the field effect transistor 13a. The application of the control voltage to the gate is stopped so as to turn off. As a result, the current I can be interrupted on the upstream side of the power conversion device 10. Thereby, the expansion of the failure of the power converter device 10 can be prevented.
  • the threshold value may have a characteristic that decreases as the energization time from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 11 (the time during which the current flows in the field effect transistor 13a) becomes longer and then becomes a substantially constant value. .
  • the reason is that, for example, when the power conversion device 10 is mounted on a vehicle and the electric load is an on-vehicle electrical component, the DCDC converter unit 11 can be used in a short time in accordance with load current characteristics such as an inrush current of a lamp or a motor. If so, a relatively large current can be passed, but the upper limit of the current value that can be passed decreases as the energization time increases.
  • the protection control unit 13b stores such threshold characteristics, and can be configured to update the threshold according to the current application time detected by the current detection unit 13ba.
  • the protection control unit 13b obtains an allowable energization time (hereinafter referred to as overcurrent detection determination time) from the time-dependent characteristics of the threshold according to the magnitude of the energization current of the field effect transistor 13a detected by the current detection unit 13ba. This can be used as the limit value for the overcurrent energization time.
  • the threshold value is an allowable current value set according to the protection target, and a value depending on the energization time.
  • the protection control unit 13b controls the DCDC converter unit 11 (particularly the field effect transistor 11a) by controlling the field effect transistor 13a to be turned off when the energization time exceeds the overcurrent detection determination time. Can be properly protected.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment.
  • the power conversion device 20 according to the second embodiment functions as a DCDC converter that boosts and outputs the voltage of power output from the battery S that is a power source.
  • the power conversion device 20 includes a DCDC converter unit 21 that is a power conversion unit, a control unit 12, and an intelligent power switch 13.
  • a DCDC converter unit 21 that is a power conversion unit
  • control unit 12 and the intelligent power switch 13 will be omitted, and the DCDC converter unit 21 will be described.
  • the DCDC converter unit 21 includes a field effect transistor 11a, a drive unit 11b for PWM driving the field effect transistor 11a, a diode 11c, an inductor 11d, and a capacitor unit 11e composed of two capacitors connected in parallel.
  • Type DC-DC converter Type DC-DC converter.
  • the driving unit 11b performs PWM driving for switching the field effect transistor 11a by applying a PWM signal to the gate of the field effect transistor 11a in accordance with the control signal input from the control unit 12.
  • the inductor 11d accumulates energy by a direct current flowing from the battery S when the field effect transistor 11a is switched on. When the field effect transistor 11a is switched off, the inductor 11d releases the stored energy. As a result, the energy accumulated in the inductor 11d is added to the input power from the battery S. As a result, the power conversion device 20 can output DC power having the output voltage Vout boosted from the input voltage Vin from the battery S.
  • the amount of voltage boost can be adjusted by setting the duty ratio of the PWM signal.
  • the protection control unit 13b applies a control voltage to the gate so as to turn off the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the threshold value is set to a large value that is considered to be an overcurrent with respect to the DCDC converter unit 21. Thereby, a large current flowing from the battery S to the DCDC converter unit 21, particularly the field effect transistor 11 a of the DCDC converter unit 21, can be cut off. Such interruption of current is automatically performed by the intelligent power switch 13 regardless of external control. Thereby, the expansion of the failure of the power converter device 20 can be prevented.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a case where a large current flows through the power conversion device 20 shown in FIG.
  • illustration of the control unit 12 and the like is omitted for simplification of the drawing.
  • the PWM signal is given from the drive unit 11b to the gate portion of the field effect transistor 11a.
  • a current I may flow as shown in FIG.
  • the protection control unit 13b includes the field effect transistor 13a. A control voltage is applied to the gate so as to turn off. As a result, the current I is interrupted on the upstream side of the power conversion device 20. Thereby, the expansion of the failure of the power converter device 20 can be prevented.
  • the power conversion unit is a DCDC converter.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the power conversion unit includes a power conversion unit that converts the characteristics of input power, such as an inverter. It can adapt to.
  • the intelligent power switch 13 automatically cuts off the current regardless of external control, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the control unit supplies the protection control unit 13b to the field effect transistor 13a.
  • a control signal for turning off the signal may be output. According to this configuration, the intelligent power switch 13 automatically cuts off the current by external control.
  • the control unit 12 has monitoring / protection means for monitoring / protecting the power supply line that reaches the output from the field effect transistor 13a and the battery S through the DCDC converter unit. It may be.
  • the field effect transistor 13a and the power supply line are provided with restrictions on overcurrent, respectively, and the monitoring / protection means monitors both.
  • overcurrent protection characteristics are set for the field effect transistor 13a.
  • the electric wire smoke generation characteristic for preventing that an electric wire overheats and emits smoke is set with respect to the electric power supply line. Since the control unit 12 can detect the current flowing through the field effect transistor 13a with high accuracy via the current detection unit 13ba of the protection control unit 13b, the overcurrent can be detected with high accuracy based on the detected current. Can be monitored.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of overcurrent protection characteristics of the field effect transistor 13a and electric wire smoke characteristics of the power supply line.
  • the horizontal axis represents time
  • the vertical axis represents current
  • the overcurrent protection characteristic and the electric wire smoke generation characteristic are represented by symbols C1 and C2, respectively.
  • the overcurrent protection characteristic and the electric wire smoke generation characteristic monitored by the monitoring / protection means are not limited to one, but may be two or more.
  • the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 which is a limitation on the overcurrent of the field effect transistor 13a, can pass a relatively large current in a short period, but the current value that can flow for a long period of time decreases as the period becomes longer. It shows that The electric wire smoke characteristics C2, which is a restriction for preventing smoke from the power supply line, can flow a large current in a short period, but after the time T3, the current value increases sharply as the period during which the current flows is long. It is necessary to lower it.
  • the overcurrent characteristic shown in FIG. 6 indicates that the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 is the upper limit of the allowable current for a short period and the wire smoke generation characteristic C2 is the upper limit for a long period.
  • the monitoring / protection means of the control unit 12 monitors and protects both the field effect transistor 13a and the power supply line, and monitors the respective overcurrent protection characteristics C1 and the electric wire smoke generation characteristics C2.
  • the monitoring / protection means detects an abnormality exceeding the limit based on the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 or the electric wire smoke generation characteristic C2
  • the field effect transistor 13a is turned off to cut off the current, thereby exceeding the limit. It is possible to protect the transistor 13a or the power supply line.
  • a predetermined adjustment signal is sent to the field effect transistor 13a from a protection characteristic adjustment unit (not shown) connected to both the control unit 12 and the intelligent power switch 13. Is output.
  • the field effect transistor 13a maintains the ON state and enables the protection control unit 13b to monitor and protect both the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 and the wire smoke generation characteristic C2. Further, when the field effect transistor 13a is in an off state, the off state is maintained.
  • the protection control unit 13b normally sets the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 with respect to the conduction current of the field effect transistor 13a as the monitoring set value (threshold value). When a signal is input, it is changed to a set value that can monitor both the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 and the electric wire smoke generation characteristic C2.
  • the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 becomes a limit value for the overcurrent for a short period, but the wire smoke generation characteristic C2 becomes a limit value for a long period. Therefore, for example, the setting value of C3 shown in FIG. 6 is used in the protection control unit 13b as a setting value that can monitor both the overcurrent protection characteristic C1 and the electric wire smoke generation characteristic C2. Thereby, both the field effect transistor 13a and the power supply line can be monitored.
  • the field effect transistor 13a that controls the power supply to the DCDC converter unit can be maintained in the ON state.
  • the protection control unit 13b which is a self-protection means of the field effect transistor 13a by the intelligent power switch 13 the intelligent power switch 13 itself is configured to protect by turning off the current. Safety can be improved.
  • the power converter according to the second modification may be configured by including the following sleep detection means in the power converter according to the embodiment of the present invention or the first modification thereof.
  • This sleep detection means is a means for detecting that the amount of power output from the battery S is lowered (sleep state) after a predetermined time has elapsed since the main switch of the vehicle is turned off.
  • the power conversion device reduces the output voltage Vout, which is stepped down from the input voltage Vin from the battery S, to the lowest operating voltage at which the electric load can operate, and supplies power to the load. .
  • the battery state detection means can detect the charging rate (SOC) and the degree of deterioration (SOH) of the battery S.
  • SOC charging rate
  • SOH degree of deterioration
  • the power conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention and the modifications thereof uses a normally-on type first switching element in the DCDC converter section.
  • a normally-on type switching element has a smaller gate capacitance and a lower on-resistance than a normally-off type switching element. Therefore, the power conversion device according to the embodiment of the present invention and each modification thereof can reduce the power consumption because the switching loss during the operation of the DCDC converter unit is reduced. Thereby, since the power consumption of the DCDC converter part at the time of said sleep state can also be reduced, the battery S can be made to last longer.
  • the power conversion device and the control method thereof according to the present invention can be applied to, for example, an AC inverter that is mounted on a vehicle and performs voltage control of the DCDC converter unit according to the vehicle state or the battery state. it can.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de conversion de puissance, qui convertit les caractéristiques de puissance entrée et délivre en sortie une puissance, équipé : d'une unité de conversion de puissance, qui comporte un premier élément de commutation du type normalement sous tension constitué d'un matériau semi-conducteur au nitrure, et qui convertit les caractéristiques de la puissance par le biais d'opérations de commutation mises en œuvre par le premier élément de commutation; d'une unité de commande de fonctionnement qui commande les opérations de commutation du premier élément de commutation; et d'un commutateur de puissance intelligent, qui est disposé côté entrée de puissance de l'unité de conversion de puissance, et qui est pourvu d'un second élément de commutation mettant en œuvre des opérations de mise sous tension/hors tension d'entrée de puissance vers l'unité de conversion de puissance, et d'une unité de commande de protection, qui comporte une unité de détection de courant qui détecte un courant circulant dans le second élément de commutation, et qui commande la mise sous tension/hors tension du second élément de commutation, ladite unité de commande de protection mettant hors tension le second élément de commutation dans les cas où le courant détecté par l'unité de détection de courant dépasse une valeur seuil.
PCT/JP2016/060506 2015-03-31 2016-03-30 Dispositif de conversion de puissance et son procédé de commande WO2016159149A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

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CN201680013541.5A CN107408884B (zh) 2015-03-31 2016-03-30 电力转换装置及电力转换装置的控制方法
JP2017510145A JP6698631B2 (ja) 2015-03-31 2016-03-30 電力変換装置およびその制御方法
EP16773030.8A EP3280040A4 (fr) 2015-03-31 2016-03-30 Dispositif de conversion de puissance et son procédé de commande
US15/668,079 US10389239B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2017-08-03 Power conversion device with protection device and method of controlling the same

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JP2015-073455 2015-03-31
JP2015073455 2015-03-31

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JP2019161300A (ja) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-19 Ｎｅｃプラットフォームズ株式会社 動作装置及び動作システム
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CN111579978B (zh) * 2020-05-18 2024-01-02 珠海施诺电力科技有限公司 一种基于人工智能技术实现继电器故障识别的系统及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3280040A1 (fr) 2018-02-07
US10389239B2 (en) 2019-08-20
EP3280040A4 (fr) 2018-11-07
JP6698631B2 (ja) 2020-05-27
CN107408884B (zh) 2020-03-17
JPWO2016159149A1 (ja) 2018-01-25
CN107408884A (zh) 2017-11-28
US20170331369A1 (en) 2017-11-16

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