WO2016158655A1

WO2016158655A1 - Rotational electronic component and rotation encoder

Info

Publication number: WO2016158655A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/059351
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吉昭野村; 武田　健; 治中尾; 浩幸岸下; 誠士森上
Original assignee: 株式会社村田製作所
Priority date: 2015-03-31
Filing date: 2016-03-24
Publication date: 2016-10-06
Also published as: TWI619930B; CN107430954A; JPWO2016158655A1; JP6447715B2; TW201643377A; CN107430954B

Abstract

This rotation encoder is provided with: a shaft which is rotatable around an axis, and which is movable along that axis; a restriction member which restricts the rotation angle of the shaft; an encoder mechanism which detects the rotation direction of the shaft and the rotation angle thereof; and a switch mechanism which is pressed by the shaft moving along the axis of the shaft. The shaft is provided with an outer circumference surface that includes a plurality of convexities and concavities arranged in the circumferential direction. The restriction member is provided with a contact part which is contactable with the outer circumference surface of the shaft. The contact part is in contact with a convexity on the outer circumference surface of the shaft in an elastically energized manner, and is engaged with a concavity in the outer circumference surface of the shaft, thereby restricting the rotation angle of the shaft.

Description

Rotary electronic components and rotary encoders

The present invention relates to a rotary electronic component and a rotary encoder.

Conventionally, as a rotary encoder as an example of a rotary electronic component, there is one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-95242 (Patent Document 1). The rotary encoder includes a shaft, a regulating member that regulates the rotational angle of the shaft, an encoder mechanism that detects the rotational direction and rotational angle of the shaft, and a switch mechanism that is pressed against the shaft.

The encoder mechanism has a rotor attached to the shaft and a slider attached to the rotor. The restricting member contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and restricts the rotation angle of the shaft.

JP 2004-95242 A

By the way, in the conventional rotary encoder, since the regulating member regulates the rotation angle of the shaft in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the rotor has a function of regulating the rotation angle of the shaft. For this reason, the rotor which is a part of an encoder mechanism becomes large, and there exists a problem that a rotary encoder becomes large.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary electronic component and a rotary encoder that can be miniaturized.

In order to solve the above problems, the rotary electronic component of the present invention is
A shaft that can rotate about the axis and move along the axis;
A regulating member for regulating the rotation angle of the shaft;
A shaft rotation detection mechanism for detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the shaft;
A switch mechanism pressed against the shaft by movement along the axis of the shaft,
The shaft has an outer peripheral surface including a plurality of convex portions and concave portions arranged in the circumferential direction,
The regulating member has a contact portion that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and the contact portion is elastically urged to contact the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the outer peripheral surface of the shaft The rotation angle of the shaft is regulated by being fitted in the concave portion.

According to the rotary electronic component of the present invention, the regulating member that regulates the rotation angle of the shaft, the shaft rotation detection mechanism that detects the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the shaft, and the shaft is pressed by the movement along the shaft axis. A switch mechanism. Thereby, the click function of a control member, the shaft rotation detection function of a shaft rotation detection mechanism, and the switch function of a switch mechanism can be controlled by one shaft. Therefore, the three functions can be integrally controlled with one shaft, and the rotary electronic component can be downsized.

Further, since the regulating member regulates the rotation angle of the shaft by the convex portion and the concave portion on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, a part of the shaft rotation detection mechanism (for example, the rotor) has a function of regulating the rotation angle of the shaft. Therefore, the shaft rotation detection mechanism can be reduced in size, and the rotary electronic component can be reduced in size.

The rotary encoder of the present invention is
A shaft that can rotate about the axis and move along the axis;
A regulating member for regulating the rotation angle of the shaft;
An encoder mechanism for detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the shaft;
A switch mechanism pressed against the shaft by movement along the axis of the shaft,
The shaft has an outer peripheral surface including a plurality of convex portions and concave portions arranged in the circumferential direction,
The regulating member has a contact portion that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and the contact portion is elastically urged to contact the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the outer peripheral surface of the shaft The rotation angle of the shaft is regulated by being fitted in the concave portion.
Preferably, there is provided a casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about the axis and movable along the axis.

According to the rotary encoder of the present invention, a regulating member that regulates the rotational angle of the shaft, an encoder mechanism that detects the rotational direction and rotational angle of the shaft, and a switch mechanism that is pressed against the shaft by movement along the shaft axis; Have Thereby, the click function of a control member, the encoder function of an encoder mechanism, and the switch function of a switch mechanism can be controlled by one shaft. Therefore, the three functions can be integrally controlled with one shaft, and the size of the rotary encoder can be reduced.

Further, since the regulating member regulates the rotation angle of the shaft by the convex portion and the concave portion on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, a part of the encoder mechanism (for example, the rotor) can have a function of regulating the rotation angle of the shaft. Therefore, the encoder mechanism can be reduced in size, and the rotary encoder can be reduced in size.

In the rotary encoder of one embodiment,
The contact portion includes a first contact portion and a second contact portion,
When the first contact portion is in contact with the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, the second contact portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the first contact portion is The second contact portion comes into contact with the convex portion on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft when fitted in the concave portion on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.

According to the rotary encoder of the embodiment, when the first contact portion is in contact with the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, the second contact portion is fitted in the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, When the contact portion is fitted in the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, the second contact portion comes into contact with the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft. Thereby, when a shaft rotates, a 1st contact part and a 2nd contact part will fit by the recessed part of the outer peripheral surface of a shaft alternately. Therefore, even if the shaft is downsized, the number of clicks can be increased.

In the rotary encoder of one embodiment,
The encoder mechanism is
An encoder board;
A resistor pattern provided on the encoder substrate;
An encoder terminal provided on the encoder board and electrically connected to the resistor pattern;
A rotor attached to the shaft so as to be rotatable with the shaft;
A slider attached to the rotor and in sliding contact with the resistor pattern.

In the rotary encoder of one embodiment,
The switch mechanism is
A switch board;
Two switch terminals provided on the switch board;
The switch terminal is electrically connected to the one switch terminal, pressed by the end of the shaft, and electrically connected to the other switch terminal, and the one switch terminal and the other switch terminal are electrically connected. And a conductor.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to one embodiment, the encoder board and the switch board are integrally held by the bent encoder terminal.

According to the rotary encoder of the embodiment, since the encoder board and the switch board are held together by the bent encoder terminal, the encoder board and the switch board can be integrated using the encoder terminal. . Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder board and the switch board can be improved without increasing the number of components.

In the rotary encoder of one embodiment,
A casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about an axis and to be movable along the axis;
The casing includes an encoder fixing part that fixes the encoder board and a switch fixing part that fixes the switch board.

According to the rotary encoder of the embodiment, the casing includes the encoder fixing portion that fixes the encoder board and the switch fixing portion that fixes the switch board. Therefore, the encoder board and the switch board are integrated using the casing. Can be Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder board and the switch board can be improved without increasing the number of components.

In the rotary encoder of one embodiment,
A casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about an axis and to be movable along the axis;
The rotor has a long diameter portion where the outer diameter of the rotor is a long diameter, and a short diameter portion where the outer diameter of the rotor is a short diameter,
The casing includes a locking portion that is detached without locking the short diameter portion, and that the long diameter portion can be engaged and disengaged by rotation of the rotor.

According to the rotary encoder of the above-described embodiment, the casing has the locking portion that is detached without locking the short diameter portion, and the long diameter portion can be engaged and disengaged by the rotation of the rotor. Thus, when the rotor is assembled to the casing, the rotor can be easily assembled to the casing by passing the short diameter portion of the rotor through the engaging portion of the casing. On the other hand, after the rotor is assembled to the casing, the rotor is rotated, and the long diameter portion of the rotor is locked to the locking portion of the casing, whereby the assembled state of the rotor to the casing can be maintained.

According to the rotary electronic component and the rotary encoder of the present invention, since the regulating member regulates the rotation angle of the shaft by the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, a part of the shaft rotation detection mechanism or the encoder mechanism can be reduced in size, The size of the rotary encoder can be reduced.

It is the perspective view seen from the upper part of the rotary encoder as an example of the rotary electronic component of one Embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view seen from the downward direction of a rotary encoder. It is a disassembled perspective view seen from the upper direction of a rotary encoder. It is the disassembled perspective view seen from the downward direction of the rotary encoder. It is sectional drawing of a rotary encoder. It is an exploded perspective view seen from the lower part of an encoder mechanism. It is the perspective view seen from the downward direction of an encoder mechanism. It is a circuit diagram which shows the equivalent circuit of an encoder mechanism. It is a wave form diagram which shows the output waveform of an encoder mechanism. It is a top view which shows the relationship between a shaft and a control member. It is a graph which shows the change of the torque of the 1st contact part and the 2nd contact part when a shaft rotates. It is a graph which shows the change of the torque which synthesize | combined the torque of a 1st contact part, and the torque of a 2nd contact part. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder. It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly method of a rotary encoder.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary encoder as an example of a rotary electronic component according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rotary encoder as viewed from below. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the rotary encoder as viewed from above. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the rotary encoder as viewed from below. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder.

In each figure, the width direction of the rotary encoder is the X direction, and the length direction of the rotary encoder is the Y direction. The height direction of the rotary encoder is taken as the Z direction. The positive direction in the Z direction is the upper side, and the negative direction in the Z direction is the lower side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the rotary encoder 1 includes a casing 2, a shaft 3 attached to the casing 2 so as to be rotatable about the axis and movable along the axis, and the shaft 3. It has a regulating member 5 that regulates the rotational angle, an encoder mechanism 6 that detects the rotational direction and rotational angle of the shaft 3, and a switch mechanism 7 that is pressed against the shaft 3 by movement along the axis of the shaft 3. The restriction member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7 are arranged in order from the upper side to the lower side along the axis of the shaft 3.

Casing 2 is made of metal, for example. The casing 2 integrally assembles the shaft 3, the regulating member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7.

The casing 2 includes an upper wall 21,

side walls

22, 22 provided on both sides of the upper wall 21 in the X direction and extending downward, and a protruding wall provided in the positive direction of the upper wall 21 in the Y direction and extending downward. 23 and a protruding piece 24 provided in the negative direction of the upper wall 21 in the Y direction and extending downward. The upper wall 21 has a hole 21a. The side wall 22 has a hole 22a on the lower side and a groove 22b on the upper side. On the inner surface of the hole 22a, a locking portion 22c that protrudes inside the casing 2 is provided. The protruding wall 23 extends over the entire length of the upper wall 21 in the X direction. The projecting piece 24 is provided at the center of the upper wall 21 in the X direction.

The shaft 3 is made of, for example, resin. The shaft 3 includes an operation portion 35, a gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30, and an end portion 36. The operation part 35, the gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30, and the end part 36 are arranged in order from the upper side to the lower side along the axis. The operation unit 35 has a notch that serves as a mark for the rotation of the shaft 3. The gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30 includes a plurality of convex portions 31 and concave portions 32. The plurality of convex portions 31 and concave portions 32 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The operation unit 35 penetrates the hole 21 a of the upper wall 21 of the casing 2, and the user can operate the operation unit 35 from the outside of the casing 2.

The regulating member 5 is made of metal, for example. The regulating member 5 is a leaf spring, for example. The regulating member 5 has a first contact portion 51 and a second contact portion 52 that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are elastically biased to contact the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3, while being fitted in the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3. Regulate the rotation angle. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are configured to be bent. The 1st contact part 51 and the 2nd contact part 52 exist in the position which opposes substantially.

The encoder mechanism 6 includes an encoder board 60,

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63 provided on the encoder board 60, and an encoder provided on the encoder board 60 and electrically connected to the

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63.

Terminals

601, 602, 603, a rotor 65 attached to the shaft 3 so as to be rotatable together with the shaft 3, and a slider 66 attached to the rotor 65 and in sliding contact with the

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63. .

The encoder board 60 is made of resin, for example. A concave portion 60a is provided on the upper surface of the encoder substrate 60, and the regulating member 5 is fitted in the concave portion 60a. Protrusions 60b are provided on both sides of the encoder board 60 in the X direction. The protrusion 60 b is fitted in the groove 22 b of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Both sides of the encoder board 60 in the Y direction are sandwiched between the protruding wall 23 and the protruding piece 24. Thus, the encoder board 60 is fixed to the casing 2 by the groove 22b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the protruding piece 24. In other words, the groove portion 22 b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the protruding piece 24 constitute an encoder fixing portion that fixes the encoder board 60.

Resistor patterns

61, 62, and 63 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder board 60. The

resistor patterns

61, 62, and 63 are for detecting the rotation direction and rotation angle of the shaft 3. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are formed in an annular shape and arranged concentrically. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are sequentially arranged from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction. The first resistor pattern 61 and the second resistor pattern 62 are each formed intermittently. The third resistor pattern 63 is formed continuously.

Encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603 are insert-molded on the encoder board 60. The first encoder terminal 601 is electrically connected to the first resistor pattern 61, the second encoder terminal 602 is electrically connected to the second resistor pattern 62, and the third encoder terminal 603 is a third resistor. The body pattern 63 is electrically connected.

The rotor 65 is positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft 3 and is movable in the axial direction. More specifically, the rotor 65 has a D-shaped hole 65a. The outer peripheral surface of the end portion 36 of the shaft 3 is formed in a D shape. The D-shaped end portion 36 is fitted into the D-shaped hole 65a, so that the rotor 65 is fixed to the shaft 3 in the circumferential direction and is not fixed in the axial direction.

The rotor 65 is formed in a substantially oval shape. The rotor 65 has a long diameter portion 651 in which the outer diameter of the rotor 65 is a long diameter and a short diameter portion 652 in which the outer diameter of the rotor 65 is a short diameter. The length of the long diameter portion 651 is larger than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposite side walls 22, and the length of the short diameter portion 652 is smaller than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposite side walls 22. . In other words, the locking portion 22 c is configured such that the short diameter portion 652 is detached without locking and the long diameter portion 651 can be engaged and disengaged by the rotation of the rotor 65.

The slider 4 is made of metal, for example. The slider 66 is fixed to the two protrusions 65 b on the upper surface of the rotor 65. The slider 66 is formed in an annular shape. The slider 66 has a first contact portion 661, a second contact portion 662, and a third contact portion 663. The first contact portion 661, the second contact portion 662, and the third contact portion 663 are sequentially arranged from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction. The first contact part 661, the second contact part 662, and the third contact part 663 are electrically connected. The first contact portion 661 can contact the first resistor pattern 61, the second contact portion 662 can contact the second resistor pattern 62, and the third contact portion 663 can contact the third resistor pattern 63. It becomes possible to contact.

The switch mechanism 7 includes a switch board 70, first to

third switch terminals

701, 702, and 703 provided on the switch board 70, and a conductor provided on the switch board 70 and pressed against the end portion 36 of the shaft 3. 71. The conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702. The conductor 71 is pressed by the end portion 36 of the shaft 3 and is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703 to conduct the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702 and the third switch terminal 703. When the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702 are electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, the switch signal is turned on. For example, each function operates when the switch signal is turned on. Note that only one of the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702 may be provided.

Projections 70b are provided on both sides of the switch board 70 in the X direction. The protrusion 70 b is fitted in the hole 22 a of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. As described above, the switch board 70 is fixed to the casing 2 by the hole 22 a of the side wall 22. In other words, the hole 22 a of the side wall 22 constitutes a switch fixing portion that fixes the switch substrate 70.

A stepped portion 70c is provided on one side of the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 in the X direction. End portions of the

bent encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603 are locked to the stepped portion 70c. That is, the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 are integrally held by the

bent encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603.

The depth of the stepped portion 70c is deeper than the thickness of the

encoder terminals

601, 602, 603. Thereby, when the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 is installed on the mounting substrate, the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 can be used as the installation surface instead of the

encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603.

The first to

third switch terminals

701, 702, and 703 are insert-molded on the switch board 70. The third switch terminal 703 is located between the first switch terminal 701 and the second switch terminal 702.

The conductor 71 has elasticity. The conductor 71 is formed in a dome shape. The conductor 71 is fitted in the recess 70 a on the upper surface of the switch substrate 70.

The peripheral portion 71 a of the conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702. The zenith portion 71 b of the conductor 71 is separated from the third switch terminal 703 in the free state of the conductor 71, while being pressed by the end portion 36 of the shaft 3 and electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703.

That is, when the shaft 3 is pressed downward, the end portion 36 of the shaft 3 presses the zenith portion 71 b of the conductor 71, and the zenith portion 71 b of the conductor 71 is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703. Is done. As a result, the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702 and the third switch terminal 703 are electrically connected, and the switch signal is turned on.

On the other hand, when the downward pressing of the shaft 3 is released, the conductor 71 returns to the free state, so that the shaft 3 moves upward, and the zenith portion 71b of the conductor 71 is separated from the third switch terminal 703. . As a result, the first and

second switch terminals

701 and 702 and the third switch terminal 703 are not electrically connected, and the switch signal is turned off.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the encoder mechanism 6 as viewed from below. As shown in FIG. 6, first, second, and

third electrode portions

671, 672, and 673 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder substrate 60. The 1st electrode part 671, the 2nd electrode part 672, and the 3rd electrode part 673 are formed in an annular shape, and are arranged concentrically. The 1st electrode part 671, the 2nd electrode part 672, and the 3rd electrode part 673 are arranged in order from the outside in the diameter direction to the inside. The first electrode portion 671 is electrically connected to the end portion 601a of the first encoder terminal 601, the second electrode portion 672 is electrically connected to the end portion 602a of the second encoder terminal 602, and the third electrode portion. 673 is electrically connected to the end 603a of the third encoder terminal 603.

An insulating sheet 68 is laminated on the first, second, and

third electrode portions

671, 672, and 673. The insulating sheet 68 includes a first electrode portion 671 and a second electrode portion 672 so that the first electrode portion 671 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction and the second electrode portion 672 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction. Cover. That is, the insulating sheet 68 has a plurality of holes 68 a that are intermittently arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first electrode part 671 and the second electrode part 672 are exposed from the hole 68 a of the insulating sheet 68. The third electrode portion 673 is not covered with the insulating sheet 68.

A first resistor pattern 61 is provided in a portion where the first electrode portion 671 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68; a second resistor pattern 62 is provided in a portion where the second electrode portion 672 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68; A third resistor pattern 63 is provided on the third electrode portion 673.

Accordingly, the first resistor pattern 61 is electrically connected to the first encoder terminal 601 via the first electrode portion 671, and the second resistor pattern 62 is connected to the first electrode portion 672 via the second electrode portion 672. 2 is electrically connected to the encoder terminal 602, and the third resistor pattern 63 is electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603 via the third electrode portion 673.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the encoder mechanism 6 as viewed from below. As shown in FIG. 7, the first contact portion 661 of the slider 66 is at a position corresponding to the first resistor pattern 61, and the second contact portion 662 of the slider 66 is the second resistor pattern 62. The third contact portion 663 of the slider 66 is at a position corresponding to the third resistor pattern 63.

Then, by the rotation of the slider 66, the first contact portions 661 are alternately brought into contact with the first resistor pattern 61 and the insulating sheet 68, and the second contact portion 662 is contacted with the second resistor pattern 62 and the insulating sheet. 68 and alternately contact. The third contact portion 663 is always in contact with the third resistor pattern 63. That is, by the rotation of the slider 66, the first encoder terminal 601 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently electrically connected, and the second encoder terminal 602 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently connected. Electrically connected.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the encoder mechanism 6. FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing an output waveform of the encoder mechanism 6. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the first encoder terminal 601 and the third encoder terminal 603 are electrically connected, a current flows between the points A and C, and the A signal is turned on. Become. When the second encoder terminal 602 and the third encoder terminal 603 are electrically connected, a current flows between point B and point C, and the B signal is turned on.

In the clockwise rotation of the slider 66, the rotation angle of the slider 66 from the start of turning off the A signal to the start of the next off is 60 °. The same applies to the B signal. Further, the difference between the start of turning off the A signal and the start of turning off the B signal is 15 ° in the rotation angle of the slider 66. Then, in one rotation of the slider 66 (that is, the rotation angle of the slider 66 is 360 °), the change in the combination of ON and OFF of the A signal and the B signal is divided into 24. That is, it can be determined that the rotation angle of the slider 66 changes every 15 ° in one rotation of the slider 66. Therefore, the rotation direction and rotation angle (rotation amount) of the slider 66 can be determined by determining changes in the A signal and the B signal.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the shaft 3 and the regulating member 5. As shown in FIG. 10, when the first contact portion 51 of the restriction member 5 is in contact with the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the restriction member 5 is It fits into the recess 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30. On the other hand, when the first contact portion 51 of the regulating member 5 is fitted in the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the regulating member 5 is the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3. 31 is contacted. That is, the phase difference of the rotation angle of the shaft 3 is provided between the contact between the first contact portion 51 and the convex portion 31 and the contact between the second contact portion 52 and the convex portion 31. And if the shaft 3 rotates, the 1st contact part 51 and the 2nd contact part 52 will fit in the recessed part 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3 by turns.

FIG. 11A is a graph showing changes in torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 when the shaft 3 rotates. As shown in FIG. 11A, as the shaft 3 rotates, each torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 has a waveform that repeats maximum and minimum. For example, the torque becomes maximum when the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3 passes against the elastic force of the first contact portion 51 due to the rotation of the shaft 3. The user gets a click when the torque is from maximum to minimum. The torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52 are alternately maximum.

FIG. 11B is a graph showing a change in torque obtained by combining the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52. As shown in FIG. 11B, the wavelength of the waveform of the combined torque is twice the wavelength of the torque waveform of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. That is, in one rotation of the shaft 3, the quantity (number of clicks) that maximizes the combined torque is the quantity (number of clicks) that maximizes the torque of the first contact part 51 and the torque of the second contact part 52 is maximum. It becomes the quantity which added the quantity (number of clicks).

Therefore, by shifting the torque waveform of the first contact portion 51 and the torque waveform of the second contact portion 52, the total number of clicks is 2 of the number of clicks of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. Doubled. Therefore, even if the shaft 3 is downsized, the number of clicks can be increased.

Next, a method for assembling the rotary encoder 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 12A, the casing 2 is inverted and set so that the upper wall 21 is on the lower side. As shown in FIG. 12B, the operating portion 35 of the shaft 3 is inserted into the hole 21 a of the upper wall 21, and the shaft 3 is installed in the casing 2.

12C, the encoder substrate 60 provided with the

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63 and the regulating member 5 is inserted into the end portion 36 of the shaft 3 and installed in the casing 2. At this time, the protrusion 60 b of the encoder board 60 is fitted into the groove 22 b of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Both sides in the Y direction of the encoder board 60 are sandwiched between the protruding wall 23 and the protruding piece 24 of the casing 2. The

encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603 are not bent except for the end portions.

As shown in FIG. 12D, the rotor 65 is inserted into the end 36 of the shaft 3 and installed in the casing 2. At this time, the short diameter portion 652 of the rotor 65 is passed through the locking portion 22 c of the side wall 22 of the casing 2, and the rotor 65 is assembled to the casing 2. Since the short diameter portion 652 is not locked to the locking portion 22c, the assembly of the rotor 65 to the casing 2 is facilitated.

As shown in FIG. 12E, after the rotor 65 is assembled to the casing 2, the operating portion 35 of the shaft 3 is operated to rotate the rotor 65, so that the long diameter portion 651 of the rotor 65 becomes the locking portion of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. 22c. Since the long diameter portion 651 is locked to the locking portion 22c by the rotation of the rotor 65, the assembled state of the rotor 65 to the casing 2 can be maintained.

As shown in FIG. 12F, the casing 2 is inverted so that the upper wall 21 is on the upper side. At this time, since the rotor 65 is locked to the locking portion 22c of the side wall 22 of the casing 2, the rotor 65 does not fall downward.

12G, the conductor 71 is fitted into the recess 70a of the switch board 70 provided with the

switch terminals

701, 702, and 703, and the casing 2 is attached to the switch board 70 from the upper side of the switch board 70. By doing so, the casing 2 can be attached to the switch board 70 while the conductor 71 remains fitted in the recess 70 a of the switch board 70.

12H, the protrusion 70b of the switch board 70 is fitted into the hole 22a of the side wall 22 of the casing 2, and the switch board 70 is fixed to the casing 2. Thus, the encoder board 60 is fixed to the hole 22a of the side wall 22 as the encoder fixing part of the casing 2, and the switch board 70 is formed of the groove part 22b of the side wall 22 as the switch fixing part of the casing 2, the protruding wall 23, and Since it is fixed to the projecting piece 24, the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 can be integrated using the casing 2. Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 can be improved without increasing the number of components.

As shown in FIG. 12I, the portions of the

encoder terminals

601, 602, 603 protruding from the encoder board 60 are bent, and the ends of the

encoder terminals

601, 602, 603 are locked to the stepped portion 70c. By doing so, the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 are integrally held by the

bent encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603. Accordingly, the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 can be integrated using the

encoder terminals

601, 602, and 603. Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder board 60 and the switch board 70 can be improved without increasing the number of components.

According to the rotary encoder 1, the regulating member 5 that regulates the rotation angle of the shaft 3, the encoder mechanism 6 that detects the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the shaft 3, and the shaft 3 is pressed by movement along the axis of the shaft 3. And a switch mechanism 7 to be operated. Thereby, the click function of the restricting member 5, the encoder function of the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch function of the switch mechanism 7 can be controlled by one shaft 3. Accordingly, the three functions can be integrally controlled by the single shaft 3, and the size of the rotary encoder 1 can be reduced.

Further, since the regulating member 5 regulates the rotation angle of the shaft 3 by the convex portion 31 and the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the shaft 3, the shaft 3 is partly attached to a part of the encoder mechanism 6 (the rotor 65 in this embodiment). Therefore, the encoder mechanism 6 can be downsized and the rotary encoder 1 can be downsized.

Further, the slider 66 (rotor 65) is located closer to the switch mechanism 7 (lower side) than the

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63. As a result, when the shaft 3 is pressed toward the switch mechanism 7, the slider 66 receives a force in a direction away from the

resistor patterns

61, 62, 63 even if the rotor 65 is pulled downward. For this reason, the slider 66 is not pressed and deformed by the

resistor patterns

61, 62, and 63, and the reliability of the output of the encoder mechanism 6 can be maintained.

Further, the regulating member 5 and the

resistor patterns

61, 62 and 63 are located on the opposite side with respect to the encoder board 60. Thereby, even if abrasion powder is generated from the outer circumferential surface 30 of the shaft 3 due to contact between the regulating member 5 and the outer circumferential surface 30 of the shaft 3, the abrasion powder is blocked by the encoder substrate 60, and the resistor pattern 61, Does not enter the 62, 63 side. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the electrical characteristics of the encoder mechanism 6 from being deteriorated by the wear powder.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

In the above-described embodiment, the restriction member, the encoder mechanism, and the switch mechanism are arranged in order from the upper side to the lower side along the shaft axis. However, the restriction member, the encoder mechanism, and the switch mechanism are arranged along the shaft axis. The order may be changed.

In the embodiment described above, the contact timing between the first contact portion and the recess and the contact timing between the second contact portion and the recess are shifted in the relationship between the regulating member and the shaft, but they may be simultaneously performed.

In the above embodiment, the restricting member has two contact portions, but the number of contact portions may be one, or three or more.

In the above embodiment, the restricting member is composed of a leaf spring, but may be composed of a ball and an elastic member that imparts an elastic force to the ball. In this case, the ball fits into the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft to regulate the rotation angle of the shaft.

In the above-described embodiment, the rotary encoder is used as an example of the rotary electronic component. However, the rotary encoder may be a rotary electronic component such as a potentiometer or a trimmer capacitor. At this time, instead of the encoder mechanism, a shaft rotation detection mechanism that detects the rotation direction and rotation angle of the shaft is used. The shaft rotation detection mechanism has the same configuration as the encoder mechanism, for example.

1 Rotary encoder (rotary electronic components)
2 Casing 22 Side wall 22a Hole (switch fixing part)
22b Groove (encoder fixing part)
22c Locking part 23 Projection wall (encoder fixing part)
24 Projection piece (encoder fixing part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Shaft 30 Gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 31 Convex part 32 Concave part 5 Restriction member 51 1st contact part 52 2nd contact part 6 Encoder mechanism (shaft rotation detection mechanism)
60

Encoder board

61, 62, 63

Resistor pattern

601, 602, 603 Encoder terminal 65 Rotor 651 Long diameter part 652 Short diameter part 66 Slider 7 Switch mechanism 70 Switch board 71

Conductor

701, 702, 703 Switch terminal

Claims

A shaft that can rotate about the axis and move along the axis;
A regulating member for regulating the rotation angle of the shaft;
A shaft rotation detection mechanism for detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the shaft;
A switch mechanism pressed against the shaft by movement along the axis of the shaft,
The shaft has an outer peripheral surface including a plurality of convex portions and concave portions arranged in the circumferential direction,
The regulating member has a contact portion that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and the contact portion is elastically urged to contact the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the outer peripheral surface of the shaft A rotary electronic component that fits into the recess of the shaft and regulates the rotation angle of the shaft.
A shaft that can rotate about the axis and move along the axis;
A regulating member for regulating the rotation angle of the shaft;
An encoder mechanism for detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the shaft;
A switch mechanism pressed against the shaft by movement along the axis of the shaft,
The shaft has an outer peripheral surface including a plurality of convex portions and concave portions arranged in the circumferential direction,
The regulating member has a contact portion that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and the contact portion is elastically urged to contact the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the outer peripheral surface of the shaft A rotary encoder that fits in the recess of the shaft and regulates the rotation angle of the shaft.
The contact portion includes a first contact portion and a second contact portion,
When the first contact portion is in contact with the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, the second contact portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, while the first contact portion is The rotary encoder according to claim 2, wherein the second contact portion is in contact with a convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft when fitted in a concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft.
The encoder mechanism is
An encoder board;
A resistor pattern provided on the encoder substrate;
An encoder terminal provided on the encoder board and electrically connected to the resistor pattern;
A rotor attached to the shaft so as to be rotatable with the shaft;
The rotary encoder according to claim 2, further comprising a slider attached to the rotor and in sliding contact with the resistor pattern.
The switch mechanism is
A switch board;
Two switch terminals provided on the switch board;
The switch terminal is electrically connected to the one switch terminal, pressed by the end of the shaft, and electrically connected to the other switch terminal, and the one switch terminal and the other switch terminal are electrically connected. The rotary encoder according to claim 4, further comprising:
The rotary encoder according to claim 5, wherein the encoder board and the switch board are held together by the bent encoder terminal.
A casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about the axis and movable along the axis;
The rotary encoder according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the casing includes an encoder fixing part that fixes the encoder board and a switch fixing part that fixes the switch board.
A casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about the axis and movable along the axis;
The rotor has a long diameter portion where the outer diameter of the rotor is a long diameter, and a short diameter portion where the outer diameter of the rotor is a short diameter,
The said casing has the latching | locking part from which the said short diameter part is disengaged without latching, and the said long diameter part becomes disengageable by rotation of the said rotor. Rotary encoder.
The rotary encoder according to any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a casing for mounting the shaft so as to be rotatable about the axis and to be movable along the axis.