WO2016157794A1 - Method for charging feedstock into blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for charging feedstock into blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016157794A1 WO2016157794A1 PCT/JP2016/001555 JP2016001555W WO2016157794A1 WO 2016157794 A1 WO2016157794 A1 WO 2016157794A1 JP 2016001555 W JP2016001555 W JP 2016001555W WO 2016157794 A1 WO2016157794 A1 WO 2016157794A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- the present invention relates to a raw material charging method into a blast furnace, in which the raw material is charged into the blast furnace through a turning chute.
- a blast furnace is generally charged with ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, and massive ore and coke stacked in the direction of the furnace axis from the top of the blast furnace, and combustion gas is allowed to flow from the tuyere of the blast furnace. It is a facility for burning pigs and obtaining pig iron from ore.
- Coke and ore raw materials which are blast furnace charging materials charged in the blast furnace, descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and ore reduction and raw material temperature rise occur.
- the ore raw material layer gradually deforms while filling the gaps between the ore raw materials due to the temperature rise and the load from above, and under the shaft part of the blast furnace, it has a very high ventilation resistance and a gas that hardly flows. Form a layer.
- raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there are an ore raw material layer having a high air flow resistance in which ores are softened and fused, and a coke slit derived from coke and having a relatively low air resistance.
- the air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited.
- the amount of coke used is reduced, so the coke slit can be considered as thin as possible, and it is important to ensure the permeability of the cohesive zone. become.
- Patent Document 1 in a bell-less blast furnace, coke is charged into the ore hopper on the downstream side of the ore hopper, and the coke is stacked on the ore on the conveyor, and then charged into the furnace top bunker. The ore and coke are charged into the blast furnace through the turning chute.
- Patent Document 2 ore and coke are separately stored in a bunker at the top of the furnace, and coke and ore are mixed and charged at the same time, so that a normal charging batch for coke and a central charging batch for coke are used. And three batches for mixing and charging are performed simultaneously.
- Patent Document 3 in order to prevent the destabilization of the cohesive zone shape in the blast furnace operation and the decrease in the gas utilization rate near the center, and to improve the safe operation and the thermal efficiency, all ore and all coke are thoroughly mixed and then charged into the furnace.
- JP-A-3-211210 JP 2004-107794 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-10402
- the average particle size of the typical coke described in Patent Document 3 is about 40 mm and the average particle size of the ore is about 15 mm, and the particle sizes of both are greatly different. Ore gets in between, the porosity is greatly reduced, the air permeability is deteriorated in the furnace, and there is a possibility that troubles such as blowout of gas and poor lowering of raw materials may occur.
- a method of forming a coke-only layer in the core part of the furnace can be considered. According to this method, the passage of gas through the coke layer is secured in the core portion of the furnace, so that air permeability can be improved.
- an object of the present invention is to propose a raw material charging method for a blast furnace that can achieve stabilization of blast furnace operation and improvement of thermal efficiency.
- the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
- the swirling chute is tilted at an average angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the axial direction of the blast furnace to supply the charging raw material O1, and then the swirling chute is tilted at an average angle ⁇ 2 larger than the average angle ⁇ 1 to inject the charging raw material.
- a raw material charging method to a blast furnace in which a raw material charging layer is formed by supplying a charging raw material O2 mixed with coke having a particle size 1.1 to 3.0 times the particle size of coke mixed with O1.
- the ore raw material is a general term for sintered ore, pellets, massive ore, and the like.
- the average angle is defined by the following equation.
- the formation of the raw material charging layer is defined, but the blast furnace operation is performed by alternately stacking the coke layer and the charging raw material layer in the entire blast furnace. Furthermore, a coke layer extending in the axial direction may be formed at the center of the blast furnace.
- the air permeability in the blast furnace can be reliably ensured, thereby realizing a stable blast furnace operation with high thermal efficiency. Is done.
- FIG. 1 is a blast furnace
- 2 is a blast furnace throat
- 3 is a blast furnace belly
- 4a to 4c are top bunker
- 5 is a coke layer
- 5a is a central coke layer
- 5b is a peripheral coke layer
- 6 is an ore.
- a raw material layer in which a raw material and coke are mixed 7 is a collecting hopper
- 8 is a bell-less charging device
- 9 is a swivel chute
- 10 is a tuyered air duct.
- a furnace top bunker is prepared by placing a mixture of ore raw materials and coke in advance on a conveyor that transports raw materials to the furnace top bunker. And the mixture may be supplied from one top bunker.
- the raw material charging in the swirl chute blast furnace is performed by alternately charging the raw material and coke with the swirl chute 9, and the coke layer 5 and the charging raw material layer 6 are alternately layered in the furnace.
- the raw material charging destination of the turning chute 9 is set as the inner peripheral portion of the furnace wall of the blast furnace 1 by a so-called forward tilting method.
- the coke is charged from the furnace top bunker 4a or 4b charged with only coke, thereby forming the peripheral coke layer 5b on the inner peripheral portion of the furnace wall.
- the coke is charged from the furnace top bunker 4a or 4b with the raw material charging destination of the swivel chute 9 as the axial center of the blast furnace, thereby forming the central coke layer 5a in the axial center of the blast furnace.
- the charging raw material layer 6 is stacked and formed. Previously, as shown in FIG. 2, a single charging material layer 6 was formed.
- O1 is supplied to the core side to form the inner charging raw material layer 6a.
- the raw material O2 mixed from the ore raw material from the furnace top bunker 4c and the coke having a larger particle size than the coke of the raw material O1 from the furnace top bunker 4b is mixed on the furnace wall side.
- the outer charging material layer 6b is formed by supplying.
- the charging raw material layer 6 is constituted by the lamination of the inner charging raw material layer 6a and the outer charging raw material layer 6b.
- the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 of the particle size DpC2 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O2 and the particle size DpC1 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 is 1.1 to 3.0. is there.
- the charging chute 9 is inclined at an average angle ⁇ 1 and the charging material O1 is supplied to the core side to The charging raw material layer 6a is formed.
- the turning chute 9 is tilted at an average angle ⁇ 2 larger than the average angle ⁇ 1, and the charging raw material O2 having a large mixed coke particle size is supplied to form the outer charging raw material layer 6b.
- the average angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the turning chute 9 are preferably set so that ⁇ 2 / ⁇ 1 is 1.1 to 2.0 from the viewpoint of ensuring the air permeability and reactivity of the charged raw material layer.
- the air permeability in the blast furnace can be reliably ensured. This is because the gas flow rate in the blast furnace is not uniform from the center of the furnace to the furnace wall and has a distribution, so that the permeability can be secured by charging coke with different particle sizes. That is, since the gas easily flows through the furnace wall portion in the shortest path connecting the blast furnace tuyere and the furnace mouth, coke having a large particle size with good air permeability is charged so as not to inhibit the gas flow.
- the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 between the particle size DpC2 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O2 and the particle size DpC1 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 is 1.1 to 3.0, so that The charged raw material O1 is deposited and mixed with highly reactive small particle size coke in order to ensure the reducibility of the ore, while the charged raw material O2 is aerated to improve the air permeability. Coke having a small particle size and a small resistance is deposited and mixed, so that reducibility and air permeability can be achieved at a high level.
- the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 when the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 is less than 1.1, coke having a small airflow resistance and a large particle size cannot be deposited and mixed, so that the effect of improving air permeability cannot be obtained.
- it is 1.5 or more.
- the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 exceeds 3.0, the airflow resistance is reduced, but the reactivity is further reduced, and thus the effect of improving the reduction cannot be obtained.
- it is 2.0 or less.
- the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 of the particle diameter DpC1 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 to the particle diameter DpO1 of the ore raw material mixed with the charging raw material O1 is preferably 0.5 to 1.5. That is, if the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 is less than 0.5, coke with a small particle size is mixed in the vicinity of the furnace center, and the ventilation resistance becomes high, which may hinder the gas flow flowing in the vicinity of the center of the blast furnace. is there. On the other hand, when the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 exceeds 1.5, the reactivity of the charged raw material O1 disposed on the core side becomes small, and it becomes difficult to obtain the effect of improving the reducing property. More preferably, it is 1.0 to 1.2.
- the same mixing ratio of coke mixed with the ore raw material is made the same, and then DpC2 / DpC1 in the charging raw materials O1 and O2, and the charging raw material O1.
- charging raw materials O1 and O2 having various changes in DpC1 / DpO1 are prepared, and they are set to the average angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the swiveling chute shown in Table 1 and charged into the blast furnace. , Performed each operation. The operational results in each case were investigated. The survey results are also shown in Table 1.
- the output ratio is a value obtained by dividing the daily output (t / d) of the blast furnace by the furnace volume (m 3 ).
- the reducing material ratio, the coke ratio, and the pulverized coal ratio are the amount of reducing material, the amount of coke, and the amount of pulverized coal (kg / t) used when producing hot metal 1t.
- the inventive examples 1 to 9 have a coke ratio in the range of 339 to 353 kg / t, which is a low coke ratio as compared with the coke ratio of the comparative examples 1 to 3 of 356 to 360 kg / t. Yes.
- ⁇ P / V which is an index of ventilation resistance, is 18.3 to 20 lower than the range of 20.9 to 23.1 in Comparative Examples 1 to 3. .8 range.
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Abstract
Description
この融着帯の通気性が高炉全体の通気性に大きく影響を及ぼしており、高炉における生産性を律速している。コークス使用量を抑制する、低コークス操業を行う場合は、使用されるコークス量が減少することから、コークススリットが限りなく薄くなることが考えられ、融着帯の通気性を確保することが重要になる。 Conventionally, raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there are an ore raw material layer having a high air flow resistance in which ores are softened and fused, and a coke slit derived from coke and having a relatively low air resistance.
The air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited. When performing low coke operation, which suppresses the use of coke, the amount of coke used is reduced, so the coke slit can be considered as thin as possible, and it is important to ensure the permeability of the cohesive zone. become.
しかしながら、特許文献3に記載された代表的なコークスの平均粒径は約40mmおよび鉱石の平均粒径は約15mmであり、両者の粒径は大幅に異なることから、単純に混合しただけではコークス間に鉱石が入り込んで空隙率が大幅に低下し、炉内において通気性が悪化し、ガスの吹き抜けや原料の降下不良といったトラブルを生じる可能性がある。 By the way, in order to improve the ventilation resistance of the cohesive zone, it is effective to mix coke in the ore layer as in the technique described in
However, the average particle size of the typical coke described in
1.鉱石類原料およびコークスを混合した装入原料を、高炉内へ旋回シュートを介して装入するに際し、
前記旋回シュートを前記高炉の軸方向に対して平均角度θ1にて傾けて装入原料O1を供給し、次いで前記旋回シュートを前記平均角度θ1より大きい平均角度θ2にて傾けて、前記装入原料O1に混合させるコークスの粒径の1.1~3.0倍の粒径を有するコークスが混合された装入原料O2を供給して原料装入層を形成する高炉への原料装入方法。
ここで、前記鉱石類原料は、焼結鉱、ペレットおよび塊状鉱石などの総称である。また、前記平均角度は、次式にて定義される。
但し、θk,iはi周目の旋回シュートの高炉の軸方向に対する角度であり、k=1がθ1およびk=2がθ2をそれぞれ示している。 That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. When charging the raw material mixed with ore raw material and coke into the blast furnace via the swivel chute,
The swirling chute is tilted at an average angle θ1 with respect to the axial direction of the blast furnace to supply the charging raw material O1, and then the swirling chute is tilted at an average angle θ2 larger than the average angle θ1 to inject the charging raw material. A raw material charging method to a blast furnace in which a raw material charging layer is formed by supplying a charging raw material O2 mixed with coke having a particle size 1.1 to 3.0 times the particle size of coke mixed with O1.
Here, the ore raw material is a general term for sintered ore, pellets, massive ore, and the like. The average angle is defined by the following equation.
Here, θk, i is the angle of the turning chute of the i-th rotation with respect to the axial direction of the blast furnace, k = 1 indicates θ1, and k = 2 indicates θ2.
本発明の原料装入方法を、実機の旋回シュート方式の高炉に適用する場合の例について、図1から3に基づいて説明する。
図1中、符号1は高炉、2は高炉炉口部、3は高炉炉腹部、4a~4cは炉頂バンカー、5はコークス層、5aが中心コークス層および5bが周辺コークス層、6は鉱石類原料およびコークスを混合した装入原料層、7は集合ホッパー、8はベルレス式装入装置、9は旋回シュート、10は羽口の送風管である。
なお、この例では、炉頂バンカー4aおよび4bにはコークスのみが、さらに炉頂バンカー4cには鉱石類原料のみが、それぞれ貯留されている。また、コークスのみを装入した4aおよび4bには、粒径の異なるコークスを貯留する。そして、炉頂バンカー4aと4cとから同時に切り出し、同様に炉頂バンカー4bと4cとから同時に切り出すことにより、鉱石類原料およびコークスを混合しての供給を行う。尚、コークス粒径の異なる混合層を形成する手法は上記に限定されず、例えば炉頂バンカーへ原料等を運搬するコンベア上に、予め鉱石類原料およびコークスを混合したものを載せて炉頂バンカーまで運搬し、該混合物を1つの炉頂バンカーから供給しても構わない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
An example in which the raw material charging method of the present invention is applied to an actual turning chute blast furnace will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a blast furnace, 2 is a blast furnace throat, 3 is a blast furnace belly, 4a to 4c are top bunker, 5 is a coke layer, 5a is a central coke layer and 5b is a peripheral coke layer, and 6 is an ore. A raw material layer in which a raw material and coke are mixed, 7 is a collecting hopper, 8 is a bell-less charging device, 9 is a swivel chute, and 10 is a tuyered air duct.
In this example, only the coke is stored in the furnace
ここで、具体的なコークス層の装入手順の例としては、いわゆる順傾動方式により、図2に示すように、まず、旋回シュート9の原料装入先を高炉1の炉壁内周部とし、コークスのみを装入した炉頂バンカー4aまたは4bからコークスを装入することによって、炉壁内周部に周辺コークス層5bを形成する。ついで、旋回シュート9の原料装入先を高炉の軸心部として、炉頂バンカー4aまたは4bからコークスを装入することにより、高炉の軸心部に中心コークス層5aを形成する。
かように形成したコークス層5の上に、装入原料層6を積み重ねて形成する。従前はこの図2に示すように、単一の装入原料層6を形成していた。 The raw material charging in the swirl chute blast furnace is performed by alternately charging the raw material and coke with the swirl chute 9, and the
Here, as a specific example of the charging procedure of the coke layer, as shown in FIG. 2, first, the raw material charging destination of the turning chute 9 is set as the inner peripheral portion of the furnace wall of the blast furnace 1 by a so-called forward tilting method. The coke is charged from the furnace
On the
ここで、旋回シュート9の前記平均角度θ1およびθ2は、装入原料層の通気性及び反応性を確保する観点から、θ2/θ1を1.1~2.0とすることが好ましい。 That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the angle of the turning chute 9 with respect to the axis L of the blast furnace is θ, first, the charging chute 9 is inclined at an average angle θ1 and the charging material O1 is supplied to the core side to The charging
Here, the average angles θ1 and θ2 of the turning chute 9 are preferably set so that θ2 / θ1 is 1.1 to 2.0 from the viewpoint of ensuring the air permeability and reactivity of the charged raw material layer.
とりわけ、装入原料O2に混合させるコークスの粒径DpC2と、装入原料O1に混合させるコークスの粒径DpC1との比DpC2/DpC1を1.1~3.0とすることによって、炉心側に配置される装入原料O1には、鉱石の還元性を確保するために反応性の高い小さい粒径のコークスを堆積および混合させる一方、装入原料O2には、通気性を向上させるために通気抵抗の小さい粒径の大きいコークスを堆積および混合させることになり、還元性および通気性を高い次元で両立させることができる。 By arranging the charging
In particular, the ratio DpC2 / DpC1 between the particle size DpC2 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O2 and the particle size DpC1 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 is 1.1 to 3.0, so that The charged raw material O1 is deposited and mixed with highly reactive small particle size coke in order to ensure the reducibility of the ore, while the charged raw material O2 is aerated to improve the air permeability. Coke having a small particle size and a small resistance is deposited and mixed, so that reducibility and air permeability can be achieved at a high level.
すなわち、比DpC1/DpO1が0.5未満では、炉中心部近傍に小さい粒径のコークスが混合されて通気抵抗が高くなり高炉の中心部近傍を流れるガス流を阻害する、おそれがあるためである。一方、比DpC1/DpO1が1.5を超えると、炉心側に配置される装入原料O1における反応性が小さくなって還元性の向上効果を得ることが難しくなるためである。より好ましくは、1.0~1.2である。 Further, the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 of the particle diameter DpC1 of the coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 to the particle diameter DpO1 of the ore raw material mixed with the charging raw material O1 is preferably 0.5 to 1.5.
That is, if the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 is less than 0.5, coke with a small particle size is mixed in the vicinity of the furnace center, and the ventilation resistance becomes high, which may hinder the gas flow flowing in the vicinity of the center of the blast furnace. is there. On the other hand, when the ratio DpC1 / DpO1 exceeds 1.5, the reactivity of the charged raw material O1 disposed on the core side becomes small, and it becomes difficult to obtain the effect of improving the reducing property. More preferably, it is 1.0 to 1.2.
ここで、出銑比は、高炉の一日当たりの出銑量(t/d)を炉内容積(m3)で除した値である。また、還元材比、コークス比及び微粉炭比は、溶銑1tを製造する際に使用した還元材量、コークス量及び微粉炭量(kg/t)である。 In the actual blast furnace of the swirl chute system shown in FIG. 1, the same mixing ratio of coke mixed with the ore raw material is made the same, and then DpC2 / DpC1 in the charging raw materials O1 and O2, and the charging raw material O1. As shown in Table 1, charging raw materials O1 and O2 having various changes in DpC1 / DpO1 are prepared, and they are set to the average angles θ1 and θ2 of the swiveling chute shown in Table 1 and charged into the blast furnace. , Performed each operation. The operational results in each case were investigated. The survey results are also shown in Table 1.
Here, the output ratio is a value obtained by dividing the daily output (t / d) of the blast furnace by the furnace volume (m 3 ). The reducing material ratio, the coke ratio, and the pulverized coal ratio are the amount of reducing material, the amount of coke, and the amount of pulverized coal (kg / t) used when producing hot metal 1t.
2 高炉炉口部
3 高炉炉腹部
4a~4c 炉頂バンカー
5 コークス層
5a 中心コークス層
5b 周辺コークス層
6 装入原料層
6a 内側装入原料層
6b 外側装入原料層
7 集合ホッパー
8 ベルレス式装入装置
9 旋回シュート
10 羽口の送風管
1
Claims (3)
- 鉱石類原料およびコークスを混合した装入原料を、高炉内へ旋回シュートを介して装入するに際し、
前記旋回シュートを前記高炉の軸方向に対して平均角度θ1にて傾けて装入原料O1を供給し、次いで前記旋回シュートを前記平均角度θ1より大きい平均角度θ2にて傾けて、前記装入原料O1に混合させるコークスの粒径の1.1~3.0倍の粒径を有するコークスが混合された装入原料O2を供給して原料装入層を形成する高炉への原料装入方法。 When charging the raw material mixed with ore raw material and coke into the blast furnace via the swivel chute,
The swirling chute is tilted at an average angle θ1 with respect to the axial direction of the blast furnace to supply the charging raw material O1, and then the swirling chute is tilted at an average angle θ2 larger than the average angle θ1 to inject the charging raw material. A raw material charging method to a blast furnace in which a raw material charging layer is formed by supplying a charging raw material O2 mixed with coke having a particle size 1.1 to 3.0 times the particle size of coke mixed with O1. - 前記装入原料O2に混合させるコークスの粒径は、前記装入原料O1に混合させるコークスの粒径の1.5倍以上である請求項1に記載の高炉への原料装入方法。 The method for charging raw material into a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of coke mixed with the charged raw material O2 is 1.5 times or more than the particle size of coke mixed with the charged raw material O1.
- 前記装入原料O1に混合させるコークスの粒径は、同装入原料O1に混合させる鉱石類原料の粒径の0.5~1.5倍である請求項1または2に記載の高炉への原料装入方法。 The blast furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a particle size of coke mixed with the charging raw material O1 is 0.5 to 1.5 times a particle size of an ore raw material mixed with the charging raw material O1. Raw material charging method.
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JP2020015933A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Bell-less blast furnace charge method |
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- 2016-03-17 JP JP2016535260A patent/JP6041073B1/en active Active
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JPH02213405A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-24 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for classifying and charging raw material in blast furnace |
JPH05239513A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1993-09-17 | Nippon Steel Corp | Raw material charging method of blast furnace |
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JP2020015933A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-01-30 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Bell-less blast furnace charge method |
JP7073962B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2022-05-24 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | How to charge the bellless blast furnace |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR102058834B1 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
JPWO2016157794A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
CN107406896A (en) | 2017-11-28 |
JP6041073B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
CN107406896B (en) | 2019-06-28 |
KR20170128554A (en) | 2017-11-22 |
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