WO2013172045A1 - Method for charging starting material into blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for charging starting material into blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013172045A1 WO2013172045A1 PCT/JP2013/003171 JP2013003171W WO2013172045A1 WO 2013172045 A1 WO2013172045 A1 WO 2013172045A1 JP 2013003171 W JP2013003171 W JP 2013003171W WO 2013172045 A1 WO2013172045 A1 WO 2013172045A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
- C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a raw material charging method for a blast furnace in which the raw material is charged into the furnace with a turning chute.
- a blast furnace generally charges raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, and massive ore and coke in layers from the top of the furnace, and flows combustion gas from the tuyere to obtain pig iron.
- the coke and ore raw material which are the charged raw materials for the blast furnace, descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and ore reduction and raw material temperature rise occur.
- the ore raw material layer is gradually deformed while filling the gaps between the ore raw materials due to the temperature rise and the load from above, and the lower part of the shaft part of the blast furnace has a very high resistance to gas and almost no gas flows. Form a layer.
- raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there is a region called a cohesive zone where an ore raw material layer having a large ventilation resistance softened and fused with ore and a coke slit having a relatively small ventilation resistance derived from coke are mixed.
- the air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited.
- Patent Document 2 ore and coke are separately stored in a bunker at the top of the furnace, and coke and ore are mixed and charged at the same time. And three batches for mixing and charging are performed simultaneously.
- Patent Document 3 in order to prevent the instability of the cohesive zone shape in the blast furnace operation and the decrease in the gas utilization rate near the center, and to improve the safe operation and the thermal efficiency, the raw material charging method in the blast furnace is In addition, after all ore and all coke are thoroughly mixed, they are charged into the furnace.
- JP-A-3-211210 JP 2004-107794 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-10402
- the thickness ratio between the ore raw material layer and the coke layer (hereinafter referred to as L O / L C , where L O is the thickness of the ore raw material layer and L C is the thickness of the coke layer.) Is controlled in the blast furnace radial direction to control the gas flow in the blast furnace.
- the present invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned present situation, and can stabilize the blast furnace operation and improve the thermal efficiency by controlling the gas flow in the blast furnace without having to have a coke slit.
- the purpose is to provide a raw material charging method.
- the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
- the blast furnace operation method of charging ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, massive ore and blast furnace charging raw materials of coke into the blast furnace using a rotating chute In charging the blast furnace charging material into the blast furnace, a central coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace, and a mixed layer of ore raw material and coke is formed outside the central coke layer,
- the raw material charging method to the blast furnace is characterized by changing the mixing ratio of coke continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
- the top of the blast furnace is provided with at least two top bunker, and one or two of the top bunker is provided with the ore raw material or the ore raw material and the coke, and the coke amount is 30% of the total coke amount.
- the coke is stored in one of the remaining furnace top bunkers, and the raw materials discharged from each furnace top bunker are temporarily collected into a collecting hopper
- the central charging coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace by discharging only the coke from the furnace top bunker charged with only the coke, with the raw material charging destination of the turning chute as the axial center of the blast furnace.
- the material charging destination of the swivel chute is outside the central coke layer, and simultaneously discharges coke and ore material and / or mixed material from each furnace top bunker while adjusting the discharge speed, After mixing with a collecting hopper, a mixed layer in which the mixing ratio of coke is changed continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace is formed outside the central coke layer by supplying the swirl chute.
- the raw material charging method to the blast furnace as described in 1 above.
- the gas flow in the blast furnace can be controlled without the coke slit, and good blast furnace air permeability can be maintained, so the blast furnace operation is stabilized and the reduction efficiency is also improved. And low-reducing material ratio operation becomes possible. As a result, the amount of CO generated can be reduced, which can contribute to the improvement of global environmental problems. Further, according to the present invention, due to segregation of the mixed raw material in the furnace top bunker, the coke distribution in the mixed layer in the blast furnace radial direction deviates from an appropriate range, and an abnormality occurred in the gas flow in the blast furnace. Even in this case, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the gas flow in the blast furnace by forming a mixed layer having a coke ratio that compensates for the deviated coke distribution.
- Example 1 It is the graph which showed the relationship between mixing coke ratio and the ventilation resistance ((DELTA) P / V) of a coke mixing packed bed, using the particle size ratio of coke and a sintered ore as a parameter. It is the figure which showed the example which changed the mixed coke ratio over the radial direction of the blast furnace by changing the discharge rate of coke and an ore raw material with time according to this invention.
- Example 1 it is the figure which showed the time-dependent change of the discharge rate of coke and an ore raw material.
- Example 2 which showed the time-dependent change of the discharge rate of coke and an ore raw material.
- Example 3 which showed the time-dependent change of the discharge rate of coke and an ore raw material.
- Example 4 which showed the time-dependent change of the discharge rate of coke and an ore raw material.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a method for charging a raw material into a blast furnace according to the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 denotes an ore raw material hopper for storing an ore raw material 2 composed of at least one of sintered ore, pellets and massive ore
- 3 denotes a coke hopper for storing coke 4.
- the ore raw material 2 and the coke 4 cut out from the ore raw material hopper 1 and the coke hopper 3 at a predetermined ratio are conveyed upward by the ore conveyor 5, and the ore raw material 2 and the coke 4 are mixed with the reserve hopper 6. It is stored as a blast furnace charging raw material 7.
- the blast furnace charging material 7 cut out from the reserve hopper 6 is conveyed to the furnace top of the blast furnace 10 by the charging conveyor 8, and is passed through the receiving chute 11 to a plurality of, for example, one of the three furnace top bunkers 12a to 12c. It is thrown into 12b and stored.
- the ore raw material and the mixed raw material of coke stored in the furnace top bunker 12b are adjusted so that the amount of coke becomes 30% by mass or less of the total amount of coke.
- the reason for adjusting the coke amount to 30% by mass or less of the total coke amount is as follows.
- the ore raw material 2 and the coke 4 cut out from the ore raw material hopper 1 and the coke hopper 3 are put into the reserve hopper 6 in a state where the coke 4 is laminated on the ore raw material 2 by the ore conveyor 5.
- the ore raw material 2 and the coke 4 are mixed by this reserve hopper 6 and become a mixed raw material.
- the charging conveyor 8 may be segregated, and may also be segregated when thrown into the furnace top bunker 12b via the receiving chute 11. At this time, if the amount of coke to be mixed is 30% by mass or less of the total amount of coke, no large segregation occurs between the coke and the ore raw material when stored in the furnace top bunker 12b.
- the mixing rate of the mixed layer of the ore raw material and coke formed can be made substantially uniform.
- the discharging order when discharging the mixed raw material from the furnace top bunker 12b is sequentially moved upward from a position close to the discharge port 12g close to the central axis of the blast furnace, and thereafter from the central axis of the blast furnace. It moves in the direction away from the outside, and finally the upper end side of the inclined side wall 12h is discharged.
- the ore raw material and coke mixed raw material are stored in the furnace top bunker 12b, only the coke is stored in the furnace top bunker 12a, and only the ore raw material is stored in the furnace top bunker 12c. Yes. Further, the turning chute 16 is rotated about the shaft center of the blast furnace 10 and at the same time is reversely tilted to tilt toward the furnace wall side from the shaft center portion of the blast furnace 10. The case of performing will be described.
- the raw material charging order from the furnace top bunker is as follows. First, the raw material charging destination of the swivel chute 16 is the central part of the blast furnace, and only the coke is discharged from the furnace top bunker 12a charged with only coke.
- the central coke layer 12d is formed in the axial center portion of the blast furnace. That is, in a state where the turning chute 16 is tilted in a substantially vertical state, the flow rate adjustment gates 13 of the furnace top bunkers 12b and 12c are closed, the flow rate adjustment gate 13 of only the furnace top bunker 12a is opened, and the furnace top bunker 12a By supplying only the stored coke to the turning chute 16, as shown in FIG. 3, a central coke layer 12d is formed in the axial center portion.
- the coke dropping position at the height of the raw material stock line is preferably 0 or more and 0.3 or less in the dimensionless radius of the blast furnace where the blast furnace shaft center part is 0 and the furnace wall part is 1.
- the reason for this is that by collecting a part of the coke in the core part of the furnace, the air permeability in the shaft part and thus the air permeability of the entire blast furnace can be effectively improved.
- the amount of coke charged to form the central coke layer is preferably about 5 to 30% by mass of the amount of coke charged per charge.
- the amount of coke charged to the shaft center portion is less than 5% by mass, the air permeability around the shaft center portion is not sufficiently improved, while more than 30% by mass of coke is concentrated on the shaft center portion.
- the content is preferably 10 to 20% by mass.
- the coke and the ore material and / or the mixed material are discharged simultaneously from each furnace top bunker while the swivel chute 16 is gradually tilted in the horizontal direction.
- a mixed layer 12e of ore material and coke is formed outside the central coke layer 12d. That is, when the raw material charging destination of the turning chute is outside the central coke layer, not only the furnace top bunker 12a but also the flow rate adjusting gates 13 of the remaining two furnace top bunkers 12b and 12c with a predetermined opening degree.
- the coke discharged from the furnace top bunker 12a, the mixed raw material discharged from the furnace top bunker 12b, and the ore raw material discharged from the furnace top bunker 12c are simultaneously supplied to the collecting hopper 14, and the collecting hopper 14 Then, the coke and the ore raw material are completely mixed and then supplied to the turning chute 16. As a result, a mixed layer 12e is formed outside the central coke layer 12d in the blast furnace 10 so that the coke and the ore raw material have a substantially uniform mixing ratio and no coke slit is generated.
- the ratio of coke in the mixed layer is preferably about 7 to 25% by mass, more preferably about 10 to 15% by mass in the ratio of (coke amount / ore raw material amount). If the ratio of (coke amount / ore raw material amount) ratio deviates from the above range, the air permeability in the mixed layer deteriorates in any case. Note that when a suitable ratio of coke in the mixed layer is converted to a ratio to the total amount of coke, it is about 20 to 95%.
- the ore raw material has a particle size of 5 to 35 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, while the coke has a particle size of 10 to 60 mm, preferably 30 to 55 mm.
- the diameter / particle diameter of the ore raw material) is preferably about 1.0 to 5.5.
- the ratio of the ore raw material amount and the coke amount is set in the radial direction of the blast furnace. It is important to control the gas flow in the blast furnace by changing it appropriately. Therefore, in the present invention, instead of adjusting the thickness ratio (L O / L C ) of the conventional ore raw material layer and coke layer, the ratio of the ore raw material amount and the coke amount in the mixed layer is appropriate in the blast furnace radial direction.
- the gas flow in the blast furnace is controlled by adjusting to the above.
- the top bunker 12a for storing coke the top bunker 12c for storing ore raw materials
- the top bunker 12b for storing mixed raw materials of ore raw materials and coke are preferably used as the top bunker.
- the raw material discharge speed from each furnace top bunker can be changed in any way by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting gate 13 disposed at the bottom of each furnace top bunker 12. Therefore, the discharge rate of the coke and the ore raw material can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting gate 13, and as a result, the ratio of the ore raw material amount and the coke amount in the mixed layer deposited in the furnace is determined. It is possible to change continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
- the gas flow in the radial direction of the blast furnace is distributed by the ratio of the radial ventilation resistance of the inner packed bed and the cohesive zone, and this ventilation resistance is determined by the particle size of the particles constituting the layer and the voids between the particles.
- these in the mixed layer are mainly determined by the amount of coke mixed. Therefore, the gas flow in the blast furnace radial direction can be controlled by adjusting the amount of coke contained in the mixed layer.
- a change in the ventilation resistance was investigated by simulating the raw material reduction and the temperature raising process in the blast furnace.
- a furnace core tube 32 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical furnace body 31, and a cylindrical heating heater 33 is disposed outside the furnace core tube 32.
- a graphite crucible 35 is disposed at the upper end of a cylindrical body 34 made of a refractory inside the furnace core tube 32, and a charging raw material 36 is charged into the crucible 35.
- a load is applied to the charged raw material 36 from above by a load loading device 38 connected via a punch bar 37 so as to be in the same level as the fused layer at the bottom of the blast furnace.
- a drop sampling device 39 is provided below the cylindrical body 34.
- the gas adjusted by the gas mixing device 40 is sent to the crucible 35 through the lower cylindrical body 34, and the gas that has passed through the charging material 36 in the crucible 35 is analyzed by the gas analyzer 41.
- the heating heater 33 is provided with a thermocouple 42 for controlling the heating temperature, and the crucible 35 is 1200 to 1500 by controlling the heater 33 with a control device (not shown) while measuring the temperature with the thermocouple 42. Heat to ° C.
- the charging raw material 36 a sample in which coke was mixed at various ratios to an ore raw material in which sintered ore and iron ore were mixed at a predetermined ratio was used.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixed coke ratio with respect to the ore raw material and the maximum pressure loss, using the sintered ore ratio as a parameter, as a result of the above experiment.
- the maximum pressure loss significantly decreases with an increase in the mixed coke ratio regardless of the type of the ore raw material.
- the reason for this is that mixing the coke suppresses the deformation of the ore and maintains the voids in the vicinity of the mixed coke, which suppresses the phenomenon in which the voids between the particles decrease due to the deformation of the ore and the ventilation resistance increases. It is thought that.
- FIG. 6 separately shows the results of examining the relationship between the mixed coke ratio and the airflow resistance ( ⁇ P / V) of the coke mixed packed bed using the particle size ratio of coke and sintered ore as a parameter.
- ⁇ P / V is an index obtained by indexing the airflow resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
- ⁇ P / V (BP-TP) / BGV
- BP the blowing pressure [Pa].
- TP the furnace top pressure [Pa]
- BGV Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
- the airflow resistance of the coke mixed packed layer increases as the mixed coke ratio increases.
- the mixed coke ratio in the radial direction of the blast furnace is appropriately set to a predetermined value.
- the gas flow in the blast furnace can be properly maintained.
- the coke distribution in the mixed layer in the blast furnace radial direction deviates from an appropriate range due to the segregation of the mixed raw material generated in the furnace bunker 12b, and the gas flow in the blast furnace.
- the raw material discharge rate from the furnace top bunker 12a for storing coke and the furnace top bunker 12c for storing ore raw materials is changed over time, and the mixed coke ratio is changed over the radial direction of the blast furnace.
- An example is shown.
- the central coke layer 12d is formed by charging only coke at a discharge rate of 0.10 t / s, and then a mixed layer is formed around it.
- the discharge rate of the ore raw material is kept constant at 1.75 t / s, but the discharge rate of the coke is about 0.08 t for the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.4 to 0.7 region. / S, and the subsequent blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.7 to 1.0 is the case where the discharge rate is increased to 0.12 t / s.
- the layers composed of the central coke layer 12d and the mixed layer 12e as described above are sequentially formed in the blast furnace 10 from the lower part to the upper part.
- the central coke layer 12d having a low airflow resistance is formed in the axial center portion of the blast furnace 10 from the lower blast furnace to the upper blast furnace.
- a mixed layer 12e in which coke and ore raw materials are completely mixed is formed outside.
- the gas flow rising through the central coke layer 12d in the axial center portion by blowing high-temperature gas mainly composed of CO into the furnace from the tuyeres blast pipe provided in the hot water reservoir portion in the lower part of the blast furnace 10 Is formed, and a gas flow rising through the mixed layer 12e is formed.
- the coke is burned by the high temperature gas blown from the tuyere blast pipe, and the ore raw material is reduced and melted.
- the ore raw material in the lower part of the blast furnace 10 is melted, so that the coke and the ore raw material charged in the blast furnace 10 descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and the reduction of the ore raw material and the ore The temperature of the raw material is raised. For this reason, a fusion zone in which the ore material is softened is formed on the upper side of the molten layer, and the ore material is reduced on the upper side of the fusion zone.
- the ore raw material and the coke are completely mixed in the mixed layer 12e, so that the coke enters between the ore raw materials and there is no coke slit, so the air permeability is improved.
- the high-temperature gas passes directly between the ore raw materials, there is no heat transfer delay and the heat transfer characteristics can be improved.
- the contact area between the ore raw material and the high temperature gas is expanded, and carburization can be promoted. Further, in the cohesive zone, air permeability and heat transfer can be improved. Furthermore, since the ore raw material and coke are arranged close to each other in the upper part of the blast furnace 10, the coupling is a mutual activation phenomenon between the reduction reaction of the ore raw material and the gasification reaction (carbon solution loss reaction). Good reduction is performed without causing a reduction delay due to the reaction.
- the ore and coke described above are laminated in layers
- the ore and coke are alternately charged in the blast furnace, and the ore layer and the coke layer are charged in layers in the blast furnace.
- the high temperature gas mainly composed of CO flows from the tuyeres
- the hot gas of the ore is increased at the lower part of the cohesive zone by restricting the air flow by reducing the coke slit and increasing the pressure loss.
- the contact area becomes small and carburization is limited.
- a coke slit is formed on the upper side of the cohesive zone, and heat conduction is mainly conducted to the ore through the coke slit, so that a heat transfer delay occurs and heat transfer is insufficient, and in the upper part of the blast furnace 10, Since the coke layer with good air permeability and the ore layer with poor air permeability are laminated, not only the rate of temperature increase is reduced, but only the reduction reaction is performed and the above coupling reaction cannot be expected. There is a problem that occurs.
- the mixing is performed.
- the coke slit is not formed in the layer 12e, and the gas flow in the radial direction of the furnace can be accurately controlled by appropriately adjusting the mixing ratio of the coke in the mixed layer 12e in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
- the gas flow in the blast furnace is stabilized, good heat transfer properties are ensured, and stable ventilation can be improved, thereby solving the problems of the conventional example.
- FIG. 7 shows the case where the coke discharging speed is switched in one stage
- the switching of the discharging speed may be two or more stages, or may be continuously changed.
- an example in which the two-stage switching of the discharge speed is performed is as follows. Also in this case, in the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0 to 0.4, only the coke is charged at a discharge rate of 0.10 t / s to form a central coke layer. Next, when the mixed layer is formed, the discharge rate of the ore raw material is made constant at 1.75 t / s, but the discharge rate of the coke is discharged in the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.4 to 0.6 region. Speed: 0.2 t / s, blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.6 to 0.8, discharge speed: 0.17 t / s, blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.8 to 1.0 The discharge speed may be set to 0.15 t / s.
- the shaft pressure is closely monitored, and when the blast furnace charging according to the present invention is continuously performed, if an abnormality is detected in the shaft pressure, the raw material charging method is changed to the normal charging method. It is advantageous to switch to a method in which the ore raw material layer and the coke slit are formed separately, and then after switching to the charging method according to the present invention, once the shaft pressure abnormality is resolved, it is advantageous to operate. .
- the mixing ratio of coke representing the amount of coke mixed with the mixed layer 12e with respect to the total amount of coke is 40 mass%, and the amount of drought per day (t / d) in the blast furnace is the furnace volume (m 3 )
- Example 1 in which the ratio of the coke, which is the value divided by 2 ), was 2.2
- Example 2 in which the mixing ratio of coke was 69% by mass, and the mixing ratio of the coke was 2.2, and the mixing ratio of coke was 84% by mass
- Comparative Example 2 with a mixing ratio of coke of 32% by mass and a tapping ratio of 2.2, and a mixing ratio of coke of 32% %
- Example 1 the raw material was charged by changing the coke ratio in the mixed layer stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
- Table 1 shows the results of operation performed under each operation condition.
- the coke ratio and the pulverized coal ratio are the amount of coke and the amount of pulverized coal (kg) used when producing hot metal 1t.
- the reducing material ratio is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio.
- the gas utilization rate is a ratio of the concentration of CO 2 and CO at the top of the furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
- Gas utilization rate CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) ⁇ 100
- CO 2 is the furnace top CO 2 concentration [%]
- CO furnace top CO concentration [%]
- ⁇ P / V is an index obtained by indexing the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
- ⁇ P / V (BP-TP) / BGV
- BP the blowing pressure [Pa].
- TP the furnace top pressure [Pa]
- BGV Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
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Abstract
Description
この融着帯の通気性が高炉全体の通気性に大きく影響を及ぼしており、高炉における生産性を律速している。低コークス操業を行う場合、使用されるコークス量が減少することからコークススリットが非常に薄くなることが考えられる。 Conventionally, raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there is a region called a cohesive zone where an ore raw material layer having a large ventilation resistance softened and fused with ore and a coke slit having a relatively small ventilation resistance derived from coke are mixed.
The air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited. When performing a low coke operation, it is considered that the coke slit becomes very thin because the amount of coke used is reduced.
例えば、特許文献1においては、ベルレス高炉において、鉱石ホッパーのうち下流側の鉱石ホッパーにコークスを装入し、コンベア上で鉱石の上にコークスを積層し、炉頂バンカーに装入して、鉱石とコークスとを旋回シュートを介して高炉内に装入するようにしている。 In order to improve the cohesive zone ventilation resistance, it is known that mixing coke into the ore raw material layer is effective, and many studies have been reported to obtain an appropriate mixing state. .
For example, in Patent Document 1, in a bell-less blast furnace, coke is charged into the ore hopper on the downstream side of the ore hopper, the coke is stacked on the ore on a conveyor, charged into the furnace top bunker, and the ore And coke are charged into the blast furnace through a turning chute.
しかしながら、高炉内の通気性を改善するために鉱石類原料層に混合するコークス量を増加していくと、コークススリットが減少し、最終的には局所的にコークススリットがない状況になる。このようなコークススリットが局所的に存在しない状況を考慮に入れても、軟化時の鉱石類原料層における通気性の改善効果が大きいため、融着帯全体の通気性は向上する。 In order to improve the ventilation resistance of the cohesive zone, it is known that it is effective to mix coke into the ore layer as in the conventional example described in
However, when the amount of coke mixed with the ore raw material layer is increased in order to improve the air permeability in the blast furnace, the coke slits are decreased, and eventually there is no local coke slit. Even in consideration of such a situation where the coke slits are not locally present, the air permeability of the ore raw material layer at the time of softening is great, so the air permeability of the entire cohesive zone is improved.
1.焼結鉱、ペレット、塊状鉱石などの鉱石類原料及びコークスの高炉装入原料を、旋回シュートを用いて高炉内へ装入する高炉操業方法において、
前記高炉装入原料を高炉内に装入するに当たり、高炉の軸心部に中心コークス層を形成し、この中心コークス層の外側に鉱石類原料とコークスとの混合層を形成するものとし、その際、コークスの混合率を高炉の半径方向に連続的又は段階的に変化させることを特徴とする高炉への原料装入方法。 That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. In the blast furnace operation method of charging ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, massive ore and blast furnace charging raw materials of coke into the blast furnace using a rotating chute,
In charging the blast furnace charging material into the blast furnace, a central coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace, and a mixed layer of ore raw material and coke is formed outside the central coke layer, In this case, the raw material charging method to the blast furnace is characterized by changing the mixing ratio of coke continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
(1) まず、前記旋回シュートの原料装入先を高炉の軸心部とし、コークスのみを装入した炉頂バンカーからコークスのみを排出することによって、高炉の軸心部に中心コークス層を形成し、
(2) ついで、前記旋回シュートの原料装入先を前記中心コークス層の外側とし、各炉頂バンカーから同時に、コークスと鉱石類原料及び/又は混合原料とを排出速度を調整しつつ排出し、集合ホッパーで混合したのち、旋回シュートに供給することによって、前記中心コークス層の外側に、コークスの混合率を高炉の半径方向に連続的又は段階的に変化させた混合層を形成する
ことを特徴とする前記1に記載の高炉への原料装入方法。 2. The top of the blast furnace is provided with at least two top bunker, and one or two of the top bunker is provided with the ore raw material or the ore raw material and the coke, and the coke amount is 30% of the total coke amount. Either or both of the mixed raw materials mixed so as to be less than or equal to mass% are respectively stored, the coke is stored in one of the remaining furnace top bunkers, and the raw materials discharged from each furnace top bunker are temporarily collected into a collecting hopper And when charging the blast furnace charging raw material into the blast furnace by supplying to the swivel chute,
(1) First, the central charging coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace by discharging only the coke from the furnace top bunker charged with only the coke, with the raw material charging destination of the turning chute as the axial center of the blast furnace. And
(2) Next, the material charging destination of the swivel chute is outside the central coke layer, and simultaneously discharges coke and ore material and / or mixed material from each furnace top bunker while adjusting the discharge speed, After mixing with a collecting hopper, a mixed layer in which the mixing ratio of coke is changed continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace is formed outside the central coke layer by supplying the swirl chute. The raw material charging method to the blast furnace as described in 1 above.
また、本発明によれば、炉頂バンカー内での混合原料の偏析に起因して、高炉半径方向の混合層中のコークス分布が適正範囲から逸脱し、高炉内のガス流れに異常が生じた場合でも、その上から、逸脱したコークス分布を補償するコークス比になる混合層を形成することにより、高炉内のガス流れの悪化を防止することができる。 According to the present invention, the gas flow in the blast furnace can be controlled without the coke slit, and good blast furnace air permeability can be maintained, so the blast furnace operation is stabilized and the reduction efficiency is also improved. And low-reducing material ratio operation becomes possible. As a result, the amount of CO generated can be reduced, which can contribute to the improvement of global environmental problems.
Further, according to the present invention, due to segregation of the mixed raw material in the furnace top bunker, the coke distribution in the mixed layer in the blast furnace radial direction deviates from an appropriate range, and an abnormality occurred in the gas flow in the blast furnace. Even in this case, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the gas flow in the blast furnace by forming a mixed layer having a coke ratio that compensates for the deviated coke distribution.
図1は、本発明による高炉への原料装入方法の一実施形態を模式的に示す図である。
図中、符号1は、焼結鉱、ペレット及び塊状鉱石の少なくとも一つからなる鉱石類原料2を貯蔵する鉱石類原料ホッパー、3はコークス4を貯蔵するコークスホッパーである。これら鉱石原料ホッパー1及びコークスホッパー3から所定比率で切出された鉱石類原料2及びコークス4は鉱石コンベア5によって上方に搬送されてリザービングホッパー6に鉱石類原料2及びコークス4が混合されて高炉装入原料7として貯留される。このリザービングホッパー6から切出された高炉装入原料7は装入コンベア8によって高炉10の炉頂に搬送され、レシービングシュート11を介して複数例えば3つの炉頂バンカー12a~12cの1つ例えば12bに投入されて貯留される。なお、炉頂バンカー12bに貯留される鉱石類原料及びコークスの混合原料は、コークス量が全コークス量の30質量%以下となるように調整されている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a method for charging a raw material into a blast furnace according to the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an ore raw material hopper for storing an ore
このとき、混合させるコークス量が全コークス量の30質量%以下であれば、炉頂バンカー12bに貯留された時点で、コークスと鉱石類原料とで大きな偏析を生じることはなく、旋回シュート16によって形成される鉱石類原料とコークスとの混合層の混合率を略均一にすることができる。 Here, the reason for adjusting the coke amount to 30% by mass or less of the total coke amount is as follows. The ore
At this time, if the amount of coke to be mixed is 30% by mass or less of the total amount of coke, no large segregation occurs between the coke and the ore raw material when stored in the furnace
しかも、炉頂バンカー12bから混合原料を排出する際の排出順序は、図2に示すように、高炉の中心軸に近い排出口12gに近い位置から上方に順次移動し、その後高炉の中心軸から外側に離れる方向に移動し、最後に傾斜側壁12hの上端側が排出される。 On the other hand, when the amount of coke exceeds 30% by mass of the total amount of coke, segregation due to difference in specific gravity and particle size is likely to occur, and segregation between coke and ore raw material when stored in the furnace
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the discharging order when discharging the mixed raw material from the furnace
なお、この例で、炉頂バンカー12bには鉱石類原料及びコークスの混合原料が、また炉頂バンカー12aにはコークスのみが、さらに炉頂バンカー12cには鉱石類原料のみが、それぞれ貯留されている。
また、旋回シュート16は、高炉10の軸心を中心に旋回すると同時に高炉10の軸心部から炉壁側へ向かって傾動するように逆傾動制御される、いわゆる逆傾動制御方式で原料装入を行う場合について説明する。 Next, a specific charging procedure for charging the ore raw material and coke into the blast furnace will be described with reference to FIG.
In this example, the ore raw material and coke mixed raw material are stored in the furnace
Further, the turning
すなわち、旋回シュート16が略垂直状態に傾動している状態では、炉頂バンカー12b及び12cの流量調整ゲート13を閉じ、炉頂バンカー12aのみの流量調整ゲート13を開き、この炉頂バンカー12aに貯留されているコークスのみを旋回シュート16に供給することによって、図3に示すように、軸心部に中心コークス層12dを形成する。 The raw material charging order from the furnace top bunker is as follows. First, the raw material charging destination of the
That is, in a state where the turning
なお、中心コークス層を形成するために装入されるコークス量は、1チャージ当たりのコークス装入量の5~30質量%程度とするのが好ましい。というのは、軸心部へのコークス装入量が5質量%に満たないと軸心部周辺の通気性の改善が十分でなく、一方30質量%より多いコークスを軸心部に集中させた場合には、混合層に使用するためのコークス量が低下するだけでなく、軸心部をガスが流れすぎてやはり炉体からの抜熱量が増加するからである。好ましくは10~20質量%である。 At this time, the coke dropping position at the height of the raw material stock line is preferably 0 or more and 0.3 or less in the dimensionless radius of the blast furnace where the blast furnace shaft center part is 0 and the furnace wall part is 1. The reason for this is that by collecting a part of the coke in the core part of the furnace, the air permeability in the shaft part and thus the air permeability of the entire blast furnace can be effectively improved.
Note that the amount of coke charged to form the central coke layer is preferably about 5 to 30% by mass of the amount of coke charged per charge. This is because if the amount of coke charged to the shaft center portion is less than 5% by mass, the air permeability around the shaft center portion is not sufficiently improved, while more than 30% by mass of coke is concentrated on the shaft center portion. In this case, not only the amount of coke for use in the mixed layer is reduced, but also the amount of heat removed from the furnace body is increased due to excessive gas flow in the axial center. The content is preferably 10 to 20% by mass.
すなわち、旋回シュートの原料装入先が中心コークス層の外側にある場合には、炉頂バンカー12aだけでなく、残りの2つの炉頂バンカー12b及び12cの流量調整ゲート13を所定の開度で開き、炉頂バンカー12aから排出されるコークスと、炉頂バンカー12bから排出される混合原料と、炉頂バンカー12cから排出される鉱石類原料とを同時に集合ホッパー14へ供給し、この集合ホッパー14でコークスと鉱石類原料とを完全に混合してから旋回シュート16に供給する。その結果、高炉10内の中心コークス層12dの外側には、コークスと鉱石類原料とが略均一な混合率となってコークススリットを生じない混合層12eが形成されるのである。 Next, after the
That is, when the raw material charging destination of the turning chute is outside the central coke layer, not only the furnace
また、鉱石類原料の粒径は5~35mm、好ましくは10~30mm、一方コークスの粒径は10~60mm、好ましくは30~55mmとすることが望ましく、さらにこれらの粒径比(コークスの粒径/鉱石類原料の粒径)を1.0~5.5程度とすることが好適である。 Here, the ratio of coke in the mixed layer is preferably about 7 to 25% by mass, more preferably about 10 to 15% by mass in the ratio of (coke amount / ore raw material amount). If the ratio of (coke amount / ore raw material amount) ratio deviates from the above range, the air permeability in the mixed layer deteriorates in any case. Note that when a suitable ratio of coke in the mixed layer is converted to a ratio to the total amount of coke, it is about 20 to 95%.
The ore raw material has a particle size of 5 to 35 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, while the coke has a particle size of 10 to 60 mm, preferably 30 to 55 mm. The diameter / particle diameter of the ore raw material) is preferably about 1.0 to 5.5.
そこで、本発明では、従来の鉱石類原料層とコークス層の厚み比(LO/LC)の調整に代えて、混合層中の鉱石類原料量とコークス量の比率を高炉半径方向で適正に調整することによって高炉内のガス流れを制御するのである。 By the way, as described in the case of conventional blast furnace operation, in order to balance the reduction efficiency of the ore raw material with the reducing gas and the breathability of the reducing gas, the ratio of the ore raw material amount and the coke amount is set in the radial direction of the blast furnace. It is important to control the gas flow in the blast furnace by changing it appropriately.
Therefore, in the present invention, instead of adjusting the thickness ratio (L O / L C ) of the conventional ore raw material layer and coke layer, the ratio of the ore raw material amount and the coke amount in the mixed layer is appropriate in the blast furnace radial direction. The gas flow in the blast furnace is controlled by adjusting to the above.
従って、これら流量調整ゲート13の開度調整によって、コークスおよび鉱石類原料の排出速度を調整することができ、ひいては炉内に堆積される混合層中における鉱石類原料量とコークス量の比率を、高炉の半径方向で連続的又は段階的に変化させることが可能となる。 That is, in the present invention, as the top bunker, the
Therefore, the discharge rate of the coke and the ore raw material can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow
従って、高炉半径方向のガス流れは、混合層中に含まれるコークス量を調整することによって制御することができる。 In general, the gas flow in the radial direction of the blast furnace is distributed by the ratio of the radial ventilation resistance of the inner packed bed and the cohesive zone, and this ventilation resistance is determined by the particle size of the particles constituting the layer and the voids between the particles. Depending on the rate, those in the mixed layer are mainly determined by the amount of coke mixed.
Therefore, the gas flow in the blast furnace radial direction can be controlled by adjusting the amount of coke contained in the mixed layer.
この実験装置は、円筒状の炉体31の内周面に炉芯管32を配置し、この炉芯管32の外側に円筒状の加熱用ヒーター33を配置する。炉芯管32の内側には耐火物で構成された円筒体34の上端に黒鉛製るつぼ35を配置し、このるつぼ35内に装入原料36が装入されている。この装入原料36には、高炉下部の融着層と同程度の状態となるように、パンチ棒37を介して連結した荷重負荷装置38により上部から荷重を負荷する。円筒体34の下部には、滴下物サンプリング装置39が設けられている。 Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 4, a change in the ventilation resistance was investigated by simulating the raw material reduction and the temperature raising process in the blast furnace.
In this experimental apparatus, a
ここで、装入原料36としては、焼結鉱と鉄鉱石を所定の比率で混合した鉱石類原料に、コークスを種々の割合で混合した試料を用いた。 The gas adjusted by the
Here, as the charging
図5に示したとおり、最大圧力損失は、鉱石類原料の種類に拠らず混合コークス比の増加に伴って顕著に低下することが分かる。
この理由は、コークスを混合することによって鉱石の変形が抑制され、また混合コークス近傍の空隙が維持されるため、鉱石の変形により粒子間の空隙が減少して通気抵抗が上昇する現象が抑制されたものと考えられる。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixed coke ratio with respect to the ore raw material and the maximum pressure loss, using the sintered ore ratio as a parameter, as a result of the above experiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, it can be seen that the maximum pressure loss significantly decreases with an increase in the mixed coke ratio regardless of the type of the ore raw material.
The reason for this is that mixing the coke suppresses the deformation of the ore and maintains the voids in the vicinity of the mixed coke, which suppresses the phenomenon in which the voids between the particles decrease due to the deformation of the ore and the ventilation resistance increases. It is thought that.
なお、ΔP/Vは高炉内での通気抵抗を指数化した指標であり、次式により算出する。
ΔP/V=(BP-TP)/BGV
ここで、BPは送風圧力[Pa]
TPは炉頂圧力[Pa]
BGVはボッシュガス量[m3(標準状態)/min]
図6に示したとおり、混合コークス比の増加に伴ってコークス混合充填層の通気抵抗は上昇する。また、この傾向はコークスと焼結鉱の粒径比が大きいほど顕著になることが分かる。
但し、融着帯では、混合コークス比の増加、さらにはコークスと焼結鉱の粒径比の増加に伴って通気抵抗は大幅に軽減される。従って、コークス量の増加は、充填層では通気抵抗を高めるものの、融着帯ではそのマイナスを差し引いて余りあるプラスが得られるので、トータルとしては通気抵抗を下げる効果がある。 FIG. 6 separately shows the results of examining the relationship between the mixed coke ratio and the airflow resistance (ΔP / V) of the coke mixed packed bed using the particle size ratio of coke and sintered ore as a parameter.
ΔP / V is an index obtained by indexing the airflow resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
ΔP / V = (BP-TP) / BGV
Here, BP is the blowing pressure [Pa].
TP is the furnace top pressure [Pa]
BGV is Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
As shown in FIG. 6, the airflow resistance of the coke mixed packed layer increases as the mixed coke ratio increases. Moreover, it turns out that this tendency becomes so remarkable that the particle size ratio of a coke and a sintered ore is large.
However, in the cohesive zone, the airflow resistance is greatly reduced as the mixed coke ratio increases and the particle size ratio between the coke and the sintered ore increases. Accordingly, an increase in the amount of coke has an effect of lowering the airflow resistance as a whole because the airflow resistance is increased in the packed layer, but a plus is obtained by subtracting the minus in the cohesive zone.
また、前掲図2に示したように、炉頂バンカー12b内で生じた混合原料の偏析に起因して、高炉半径方向の混合層中のコークス分布が適正範囲から逸脱し、高炉内のガス流れに異常が生じた場合には、その上から、上記したコークス分布の乱れを補償するコークス比になる混合層を形成することにより、高炉内のガス流れの悪化を改善することができる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, by adjusting the mixed coke ratio with respect to the ore raw material, and further the particle size ratio between the coke and the sintered ore, the mixed coke ratio in the radial direction of the blast furnace is appropriately set to a predetermined value. As a result, the gas flow in the blast furnace can be properly maintained.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the coke distribution in the mixed layer in the blast furnace radial direction deviates from an appropriate range due to the segregation of the mixed raw material generated in the
この例では、高炉無次元半径:0~0.4までの領域は、排出速度:0.10t/sでコークスのみを装入して中心コークス層12dを形成し、ついでその周りに混合層を形成するに際し、鉱石類原料の排出速度は1.75t/sの一定にするものの、コークスの排出速度については高炉無次元半径:0.4~0.7の領域については排出速度:0.08t/sとし、引き続く高炉無次元半径:0.7~1.0の領域については排出速度を上昇させて0.12t/sとした場合である。 Next, in FIG. 7, the raw material discharge rate from the furnace
In this example, in the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0 to 0.4, the
このように、中心コークス層12d及び混合層12eで構成される層を順次積層することにより、高炉10内の軸心部には通気抵抗の小さい中心コークス層12dが高炉下部から高炉上部に向かって形成され、その外側にはコークスと鉱石類原料とが完全混合された混合層12eが形成される。 In addition, regarding the charging of the raw material into the blast furnace, the layers composed of the
In this way, by sequentially laminating the layers composed of the
このため、溶融層の上部側に鉱石類原料が軟化した融着帯が形成され、この融着帯の上部側で鉱石類原料の還元が行われる。
このとき、高炉10の下部では、混合層12eにおいて、鉱石類原料とコークスとが完全混合されて、鉱石類原料間にコークスが入り込んだ状態となり、コークススリットが無いので、通気性が改善されると共に、高温ガスが直接鉱石類原料間を通過するため伝熱遅れがなく伝熱特性を改善することができる。 As a result, the ore raw material in the lower part of the
For this reason, a fusion zone in which the ore material is softened is formed on the upper side of the molten layer, and the ore material is reduced on the upper side of the fusion zone.
At this time, in the lower part of the
このときの還元反応は、FeO+CO=Fe+CO2で表される。
また、ガス化反応は、C+CO2=2COで表される。 For this reason, in the lower part of the cohesive zone of the
The reduction reaction at this time is represented by FeO + CO = Fe + CO 2 .
The gasification reaction is represented by C + CO 2 = 2CO.
例えば、排出速度の2段階切り替えを行う場合の一例について述べると次のとおりである。
この場合も、高炉無次元半径:0~0.4までの領域は、排出速度:0.10t/sでコークスのみを装入して中心コークス層を形成する。ついで、混合層を形成するに際し、鉱石類原料の排出速度は1.75t/sの一定にするものの、コークスの排出速度については高炉無次元半径:0.4~0.6の領域については排出速度:0.2t/sとし、高炉無次元半径:0.6~0.8の領域については排出速度:0.17t/sとし、高炉無次元半径:0.8~1.0の領域については排出速度を0.15t/sとすれば良い。 Although FIG. 7 shows the case where the coke discharging speed is switched in one stage, the switching of the discharging speed may be two or more stages, or may be continuously changed. .
For example, an example in which the two-stage switching of the discharge speed is performed is as follows.
Also in this case, in the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0 to 0.4, only the coke is charged at a discharge rate of 0.10 t / s to form a central coke layer. Next, when the mixed layer is formed, the discharge rate of the ore raw material is made constant at 1.75 t / s, but the discharge rate of the coke is discharged in the blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.4 to 0.6 region. Speed: 0.2 t / s, blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.6 to 0.8, discharge speed: 0.17 t / s, blast furnace dimensionless radius: 0.8 to 1.0 The discharge speed may be set to 0.15 t / s.
各操業条件で実施した操業結果を、表1に比較して示す。 In Examples 1 to 4, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the raw material was charged by changing the coke ratio in the mixed layer stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace.
Table 1 shows the results of operation performed under each operation condition.
還元材比は、コークス比と微粉炭比の総和である。
ガス利用率は、炉頂におけるCO2とCOとの濃度の比であり、次式により算出する。
ガス利用率=CO2/(CO2+CO)×100
ここで、CO2は炉頂CO2濃度[%]
COは炉頂CO濃度[%]
また、ΔP/Vは高炉内での通気抵抗を指数化した指標であり、次式により算出する。
ΔP/V=(BP-TP)/BGV
ここで、BPは送風圧力[Pa]
TPは炉頂圧力[Pa]
BGVはボッシュガス量[m3(標準状態)/min] In Table 1, the coke ratio and the pulverized coal ratio are the amount of coke and the amount of pulverized coal (kg) used when producing hot metal 1t.
The reducing material ratio is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio.
The gas utilization rate is a ratio of the concentration of CO 2 and CO at the top of the furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
Gas utilization rate = CO 2 / (CO 2 + CO) × 100
Here, CO 2 is the furnace top CO 2 concentration [%]
CO is furnace top CO concentration [%]
ΔP / V is an index obtained by indexing the ventilation resistance in the blast furnace, and is calculated by the following equation.
ΔP / V = (BP-TP) / BGV
Here, BP is the blowing pressure [Pa].
TP is the furnace top pressure [Pa]
BGV is Bosch gas amount [m 3 (standard state) / min]
2 鉱石類原料
3 コークスホッパー
4 コークス
5 鉱石コンベア
6 リザービングホッパー
7 高炉装入原料
8 装入コンベア
10 高炉
11 レシービングシュート
12a~12c 炉頂バンカー
12d 中心コークス層
12e 混合層
12g 炉頂バンカーの排出口
12h 炉頂バンカーの傾斜側壁
13 流量調整ゲート
14 集合ホッパー
15 ベルレス式装入装置
16 旋回シュート
31 円筒状の炉体
32 炉芯管
33 円筒状の加熱用ヒーター
34 円筒体
35 黒鉛製るつぼ
36 装入原料
37 パンチ棒
38 荷重負荷装置
40 混合装置
41 ガス分析装置
42 熱電対 1
Claims (2)
- 焼結鉱、ペレット、塊状鉱石などの鉱石類原料及びコークスの高炉装入原料を、旋回シュートを用いて高炉内へ装入する高炉操業方法において、
前記高炉装入原料を高炉内に装入するに当たり、高炉の軸心部に中心コークス層を形成し、この中心コークス層の外側に鉱石類原料とコークスとの混合層を形成するものとし、その際、コークスの混合率を高炉の半径方向に連続的又は段階的に変化させることを特徴とする高炉への原料装入方法。 In the blast furnace operation method of charging ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, massive ore and blast furnace charging raw materials of coke into the blast furnace using a rotating chute,
In charging the blast furnace charging material into the blast furnace, a central coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace, and a mixed layer of ore raw material and coke is formed outside the central coke layer, In this case, the raw material charging method to the blast furnace is characterized by changing the mixing ratio of coke continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace. - 前記高炉の炉頂に少なくとも2つの炉頂バンカーを備え、前記炉頂バンカーの1つまたは2つに、前記鉱石類原料若しくは前記鉱石類原料と前記コークスとを当該コークス量が全コークス量の30質量%以下となるように混合させた混合原料のいずれかまたは両者をそれぞれ貯留し、残りの炉頂バンカーの1つに前記コークスを貯留し、各炉頂バンカーから排出した原料を、一旦集合ホッパーに収容したのち、前記旋回シュートに供給することによって、高炉内に前記高炉装入原料を装入するに際し、
(1) まず、前記旋回シュートの原料装入先を高炉の軸心部とし、コークスのみを装入した炉頂バンカーからコークスのみを排出することによって、高炉の軸心部に中心コークス層を形成し、
(2) ついで、前記旋回シュートの原料装入先を前記中心コークス層の外側とし、各炉頂バンカーから同時に、コークスと鉱石類原料及び/又は混合原料とを排出速度を調整しつつ排出し、集合ホッパーで混合したのち、旋回シュートに供給することによって、前記中心コークス層の外側に、コークスの混合率を高炉の半径方向に連続的又は段階的に変化させた混合層を形成する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高炉への原料装入方法。 The top of the blast furnace is provided with at least two top bunker, and one or two of the top bunker is provided with the ore raw material or the ore raw material and the coke, and the coke amount is 30% of the total coke amount. Either or both of the mixed raw materials mixed so as to be less than or equal to mass% are respectively stored, the coke is stored in one of the remaining furnace top bunkers, and the raw materials discharged from each furnace top bunker are temporarily collected into a collecting hopper And when charging the blast furnace charging raw material into the blast furnace by supplying to the swivel chute,
(1) First, the central charging coke layer is formed in the axial center of the blast furnace by discharging only the coke from the furnace top bunker charged with only the coke, with the raw material charging destination of the turning chute as the axial center of the blast furnace. And
(2) Next, the material charging destination of the swivel chute is outside the central coke layer, and simultaneously discharges coke and ore material and / or mixed material from each furnace top bunker while adjusting the discharge speed, After mixing with a collecting hopper, a mixed layer in which the mixing ratio of coke is changed continuously or stepwise in the radial direction of the blast furnace is formed outside the central coke layer by supplying the swirl chute. The raw material charging method to the blast furnace according to claim 1.
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KR1020147032829A KR20150004879A (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-05-17 | Method for charging starting material into blast furnace |
JP2014515506A JP5910735B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-05-17 | Raw material charging method to blast furnace |
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WO2019187997A1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Method for loading raw materials into blast furnace |
WO2019187998A1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Method for loading raw materials into blast furnace |
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JPWO2022138043A1 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-30 |
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