CN104302784A - Method for charging starting material into blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for charging starting material into blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104302784A CN104302784A CN201380025051.3A CN201380025051A CN104302784A CN 104302784 A CN104302784 A CN 104302784A CN 201380025051 A CN201380025051 A CN 201380025051A CN 104302784 A CN104302784 A CN 104302784A
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- coke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
- C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
In this blast furnace operation method that, using a rotating chute, charges into a blast furnace a blast furnace charging starting material of coke and an ore staring material such as pellet- or clod-shaped ore, when charging the blast furnace charging starting material into the blast furnace, a central coke layer is formed at the axial center section of the blast furnace, a mixed layer of ore starting material and coke is formed at the outside of the central coke layer, and at such a time, the mixing ratio of coke in the blast furnace radial direction towards the furnace wall from the axial center of the blast furnace is caused to vary continuously or discretely, thereby securing air permeability even when performing a high-volume blow-in operation of pulverized coal and achieving an increase in thermal efficiency and a stabilization of blast furnace operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock, utilize rotary chute (rotating chute) to carry out raw material towards the loading in stove.
Background technology
For blast furnace, usually by the ore class raw material of agglomerate, pellet (pellet), massive ore etc. and coke from furnace roof in layeredly loading, and combustion gases are flowed into from air port, thus obtain the pig iron.The blast furnace charging feedstock loaded that is coke and ore class raw material decline towards stove bottom from furnace roof, and the reduction of ore and the intensification of raw material occur.Ore class raw material layer is out of shape on one side gradually by intensification with from the space of load on one side between landfill ore class raw material of top, thus forms aeration resistance gas almost immobilising cohesive layer (cohesive layer) very greatly in the below in the axle portion of blast furnace.
In the past, for the loading of raw material towards blast furnace, ore class raw material and coke are alternately loaded, in stove, ore class raw material layer and coke layer alternately form stratiform.Further, there is the region being referred to as cohesive zone in bottom in blast furnace, mixes the coke interlayer (coke slit) that the large ore class raw material layer of the aeration resistance after having ore to soften melting is less with the ventilation resistance being derived from coke in this region.
The air permeability of air permeability on blast furnace entirety of this cohesive zone causes and significantly affects, and determines the productivity in blast furnace.When carrying out low coke operation, because used amount of coke reduces, therefore think that coke interlayer becomes very thin.
In order to improve the aeration resistance of cohesive zone, the way being known in ore class raw material layer mixing coke is effective, in order to obtain suitable admixture, has reported much research.
Such as, in patent documentation 1, without in clock (bell-less) blast furnace, coke is loaded the ore hopper in the downstream side in ore hopper, on a moving belt coke layer is stacked in above ore, and load in furnace top bin, thus ore and coke are loaded in blast furnace via rotary chute.
And, in patent documentation 2, ore and coke are stored in respectively the feed bin of furnace roof, and coke and ore are mixed loading simultaneously, thus, the usual loading simultaneously carrying out coke with batch, the center of coke load with batch and mixing load with batches these three batches.
In addition, in patent documentation 3, in order to prevent the reduction of the gas effciency near the destabilization of the cohesive zone shape in blast furnace operation and central part, realize the raising of safe operation and thermo-efficiency, in the raw material charging method of blast furnace, load in stove after all ores and all coke are mixed completely.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 3-211210 publication
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-107794 publication
Patent documentation 3: Japanese Patent Publication 59-10402 publication
In order to improve the aeration resistance of cohesive zone, the way that coke is mixed in ore layer by conventional example described in known patent documentation 3 described above is like that effective.
But if improve the air permeability in blast furnace and increase the amount of coke being mixed in ore class raw material layer, then coke interlayer reduces, and finally becomes the situation that there is not coke interlayer in local.If also consider the situation that there is not coke interlayer like this in local in the lump, then the improvement effect of the air permeability in ore class raw material layer when softening is large, and therefore the air permeability of cohesive zone entirety improves.
But, in blast furnace operation, importantly make the air permeability of reducing gas to the reduction efficiency of ore class raw material and reducing gas balance.Therefore, in blast furnace operation in the past, make the Thickness Ratio of ore class raw material layer and coke layer (hereinafter referred to as L
0/ L
c.Herein, L
0the thickness of ore class raw material layer, L
cthe thickness of coke layer.) in the change of blast furnace radial direction thus the gas flow controlled in blast furnace.
But, when coke interlayer described above is very thin or local there is not the situation of coke interlayer under, cannot at blast furnace radial direction control L
0/ L
c.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops in view of above-mentioned present situation, its object is to provide a kind of raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock, without the need to there is the gas flow that coke interlayer just can control in blast furnace, thus the stabilization of blast furnace operation and the raising of thermo-efficiency can be reached.
That is, purport structure of the present invention is as follows.
1, towards a raw material charging method for blast furnace charging feedstock, in the method for operating blast furnace using rotary chute to load in blast furnace the blast furnace charging feedstock of the ore class raw material of agglomerate, pellet, massive ore etc. and coke, it is characterized in that,
When above-mentioned blast furnace charging feedstock is loaded in blast furnace, central coke layer is formed at the axle center part of blast furnace, form the mixolimnion of ore class raw material and coke in the outside of this central coke layer, now, the blend level of coke is changed continuously or periodically at the radial direction of blast furnace.
2, the raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock according to 1, it is characterized in that, at least two furnace top bin are possessed at the furnace roof of above-mentioned blast furnace, above-mentioned furnace top bin one or two in, store either party in above-mentioned ore class raw material or mixing raw material or both sides respectively, this mixing raw material is mixed by the mode of below the 30 quality % by above-mentioned ore class raw material and above-mentioned coke with amount of coke being whole amount of coke, above-mentioned coke is stored in one of remaining furnace top bin, supply towards above-mentioned rotary chute after the raw material of discharging from each furnace top bin being temporarily accommodated in set hopper, thus above-mentioned blast furnace charging feedstock is loaded in blast furnace, now,
(1) first, the raw material of above-mentioned rotary chute being loaded the axle center part that point of destination is set as blast furnace, by only being discharged by coke from the furnace top bin being only incorporated with coke, forming central coke layer at the axle center part of blast furnace,
(2) then, the raw material of above-mentioned rotary chute is loaded the outside that point of destination is set as above-mentioned central coke layer, adjust the velocity of discharge while discharge coke and ore class raw material and/or mixing raw material from each furnace top bin simultaneously, by supplying towards rotary chute after the mixing of set hopper, form the mixolimnion that the blend level of coke is changed continuously or periodically at the radial direction of blast furnace in the outside of above-mentioned central coke layer.
According to the present invention, even if elimination coke interlayer also can control the gas flow in blast furnace, can maintain good blast furnace air permeability, therefore blast furnace operation stabilization and reduction efficiency also improve, therefore, it is possible to realize high productivity and low reducing material compares operation.As a result, CO generation can be cut down, can contribute to the improvement of global environmental problems.
And, according to the present invention, namely box lunch causes the coke distribution in the mixolimnion of blast furnace radial direction to depart from from OK range due to the segregation of mixing raw material in furnace top bin, when gas flow in blast furnace produces abnormal, on this basis, by forming the mixolimnion formed the coke ratio that the coke distribution departed from compensates, the deterioration of the gas flow in blast furnace can be prevented.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment that the raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 2 is the explanatory view that the raw material discharge order of discharging raw material from furnace top bin is shown.
Fig. 3 illustrates that the raw material comprising furnace top bin loads the schematic diagram of state.
Fig. 4 is the brief configuration figure of the experimental installation that the high temperature proterties measuring ore class raw material is shown.
Fig. 5 is than the chart illustrated as parameter relative to the relation between the mixing coke ratio of ore class raw material and Max pressure loss using sintered ore.
Fig. 6 is the chart that the relation between mixing coke ratio and the aeration resistance (Δ P/V) of coke mixing packing layer is shown using the particle diameter ratio of coke and agglomerate as parameter.
Fig. 7 illustrates to make the velocity of discharge of coke and ore class raw material pass change in time thus the figure of example mixing coke ratio being changed at the radial direction of blast furnace based on the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the rheological parameters' change with time of the velocity of discharge that coke in embodiment 1 and ore class raw material are shown.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the rheological parameters' change with time of the velocity of discharge that coke in embodiment 2 and ore class raw material are shown.
Figure 10 is the figure of the rheological parameters' change with time of the velocity of discharge that coke in embodiment 3 and ore class raw material are shown.
Figure 11 is the figure of the rheological parameters' change with time of the velocity of discharge that coke in embodiment 4 and ore class raw material are shown.
Embodiment
Below, based on accompanying drawing, an embodiment of the invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the figure of the embodiment schematically shown based on the raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock of the present invention.
In figure, Reference numeral 1 is the ore class raw material hopper preserving the ore class raw material 2 be made up of at least one in agglomerate, pellet and massive ore, and 3 is the coke hoppers preserving coke 4.The ore class raw material 2 transported with requirement ratio from above-mentioned ore hopper 1 and coke hopper 3 and coke 4 are carried upward by ore conveyer belt 5, and ore class raw material 2 and coke 4 are in deposit hopper (reserving hopper) 6 mixing and store as blast furnace charging feedstock 7.The blast furnace charging feedstock 7 transported from this deposit hopper 6 is delivered to the furnace roof of blast furnace 10 by loading conveying belt 8, and is fed into a such as 12b of multiple such as three furnace top bin 12a ~ 12c via reception chute 11 and is stored.In addition, the mixing raw material of the ore class raw material and coke that are stored in furnace top bin 12b is adjusted to below the 30 quality % that amount of coke is whole amount of coke.
Herein, reason amount of coke being adjusted to below the 30 quality % of whole amount of coke is as follows.The ore class raw material 2 transported from ore class raw material hopper 1 and coke hopper 3 and coke 4 are fed into deposit hopper 6 by ore conveyer belt 5 with coke 4 state be layered in ore class raw material 2, thus, in this deposit hopper 6, ore class raw material 2 and coke 4 are mixed to mixing raw material.But, coke 4 and ore class raw material 2 there is difference in specific gravity and particle diameter is poor, therefore there are the misgivings of the mixing raw material segregation on loading conveying belt 8 during being delivered to reception chute 11 by loading conveying belt 8 being stored in deposit hopper 6, in addition, also there are the misgivings of segregation when being fed into furnace top bin 12b via reception chute 11.
Now, if the amount of coke of mixing is below the 30 quality % of whole amount of coke, then when being stored in furnace top bin 12b, large segregation can not be produced at coke and ore class raw material, the blend level of the mixolimnion of ore class raw material and the coke utilizing rotary chute 16 to be formed can be made roughly even.
On the other hand, if amount of coke exceedes 30 quality % of whole amount of coke, then easily cause the segregation caused because of difference in specific gravity and particle diameter difference, when being stored in furnace top bin 12b, the segregation of coke and ore class raw material becomes large, can produce the region that only there is ore class raw material or only there is coke partly.
And, for discharge order when discharging mixing raw material from furnace top bin 12b, as shown in Figure 2, move successively upward from the position that the relief outlet 12g apart from the central shaft near blast furnace is near, then along moving from the direction that the central shaft of blast furnace leaves towards outside, the upper end side of sloped sidewall 12h is finally expelled to.
Therefore, when only there is ore class raw material on the positive top of relief outlet 12g or the upper end side of sloped sidewall 12h or only there is coke, can only discharge ore class raw material or only discharge coke.In addition, even if in this case, although at set hopper 14 described later, mix with the coke of discharging from other furnace top bin 12a and 12c and ore class raw material, but the ratio of ore class raw material or coke increases, and the blend level of the ore class raw material utilizing rotary chute 16 to be formed and the mixolimnion of coke becomes uneven.
Secondly, based on Fig. 3, the concrete loading main points loading ore class raw material and coke in blast furnace are described.
In addition, in this example embodiment, have the mixing raw material of ore class raw material and coke, and only have coke at furnace top bin 12a at furnace roof gondola 12b, this external furnace top bin 12c only has ore class raw material.
And, the situation that rotary chute 16 carries out raw material loading with so-called reverse deflection control mode is described, carries out oppositely deflection and control to make rotary chute 16 turn towards furnace wall lateral deviation from the axle center part of blast furnace 10 while rotating centered by the axle center of blast furnace 10.
Like this, as the raw material loading order from furnace top bin charging feedstock, first, the raw material of rotary chute 16 is loaded the axle center part that point of destination is set as blast furnace, only discharge coke from the furnace top bin 12a being only incorporated with coke, thus, form central coke layer 12d at the axle center part of blast furnace.
Namely, under the state that rotary chute 16 deflects with substantially vertical state, close the flow adjustment gate 13 of furnace top bin 12b and 12c, only open the flow adjustment gate 13 of furnace top bin 12a, only the coke being stored in this furnace top bin 12a is supplied towards rotary chute 16, thus, as shown in Figure 3, central coke layer 12d is formed at axle center part.
Now, blast furnace axle center part is being set as 0, is being set as on the blast furnace dimensionless radius of 1 by furnace wall portion, the lowering position of the coke of preferred feedstock top filling line (stock line) At The Height is less than more than 0 0.3.Its reason is, by a part for coke is concentrated on furnace axis portion, effectively can improve the air permeability at axle center part place and then effectively improve the air permeability of blast furnace entirety.
In addition, the amount of coke loaded preferably in forming central coke layer is about 5 ~ 30 quality % of the coke Intake Quantity of feeding each time.This is because, if be discontented with 5 quality % towards the coke Intake Quantity of axle center part, the improvement of the air permeability of axle center part periphery is insufficient, on the other hand, when making to concentrate on axle center part more than the coke of 30 quality %, be of use not only in mixolimnion use amount of coke reduce, and gas axle center part excess flow, from body of heater escape heat increase on the contrary.Be preferably 10 ~ 20 quality %.
Then, after formation central coke layer 12d, make rotary chute 16 gradually in the horizontal direction lateral deviation turn while discharge coke and ore class raw material and/or mixing raw material from each furnace top bin simultaneously, and supply towards rotary chute 16 after set hopper 14 mixes, the mixolimnion 12e of ore class raw material and coke is formed thus in the outside of central coke layer 12d.
Namely, when the raw material loading point of destination of rotary chute is positioned at the outside of central coke layer, not only by furnace top bin 12a but also the aperture flow of remaining two furnace top bin 12b and 12c adjustment gate 13 being opened regulation, the coke of discharging from furnace top bin 12a, the mixing raw material from furnace top bin 12b discharge, the ore class raw material from furnace top bin 12c discharge are supplied towards set hopper 14 simultaneously, supplies towards rotary chute 16 after coke and ore class raw material mix by this set hopper 14 completely.As a result, the outside of the central coke layer 12d in blast furnace 10, is formed with coke and ore class raw material is roughly uniform blend level, does not produce the mixolimnion 12e of coke interlayer.
Herein, for the ratio of the coke in mixolimnion, preferably (amount of coke/ore class material quantity), than being about 7 ~ 25 quality %, is more preferably about 10 ~ 15 quality %.If (amount of coke/ore class material quantity) departs from above-mentioned scope, then the air permeability in any one situation in mixolimnion all worsens.In addition, if the preferred proportion of the coke in mixolimnion is converted into the ratio relative to whole amount of coke, be about 20 ~ 95%.
And, the particle diameter of preferred ore class raw material is 5 ~ 35mm, is preferably 10 ~ 30mm, and on the other hand, the particle diameter of preferred coke is 10 ~ 60mm, is preferably 30 ~ 55mm, in addition, preferably their particle diameter ratio (particle diameter of the particle diameter/ore class raw material of coke) is about 1.0 ~ 5.5.
But, when blast furnace operation in the past, as described, in order to make to balance based on the reduction efficiency of the ore class raw material of reducing gas and the air permeability of reducing gas, the ratio of ore class material quantity and amount of coke is importantly made suitably to change at blast furnace radial direction thus control the gas flow in blast furnace.
Therefore, in the present invention, replacement ore class raw material layer in the past and the Thickness Ratio (L of coke layer
0/ L
c) adjustment, the ratio of the ore class raw material layer in mixolimnion and amount of coke is suitably adjusted at blast furnace radial direction, controls the gas flow in blast furnace thus.
Namely, in the present invention, as furnace top bin, preferably possesses the furnace top bin 12b of the furnace top bin 12a of storage coke, the furnace top bin 12c of storage ore class raw material and the mixing raw material of storage ore class raw material and coke, and, be disposed in the aperture of the flow adjustment gate 13 of the bottom of each furnace top bin 12 by adjustment, the raw material velocity of discharge of discharging raw material from each furnace top bin can be changed arbitrarily.
Therefore, by the aperture adjustment of above-mentioned flow adjustment gate 13, can adjust the velocity of discharge of coke and ore class raw material, and then the ratio of the ore class material quantity that can make to be deposited in the mixolimnion in stove and amount of coke changes continuously or periodically at the radial direction of blast furnace.
Usually, the gas flow of blast furnace radial direction is distributed by the ratio of the aeration resistance of the radial direction of packing layer in stove and cohesive zone, this aeration resistance is determined by the particle diameter of particle and interparticle voidage forming this layer, and the above-mentioned parameter of mixolimnion determines primarily of the amount of mixed coke.
Thus, the gas flow of blast furnace radial direction can be controlled by contained amount of coke in adjustment mixolimnion.
Use the raw material reduction in the experimental installation analog blast furnace shown in Fig. 4, temperature-rise period, the change of investigation aeration resistance.
This experimental installation, at the inner peripheral surface configuration furnace core tube 32 of the body of heater 31 of cylindrical shape, configures cylindric heater 33 in the outside of this furnace core tube 32.In the inner side of furnace core tube 32, at the upper end of the cylinder 34 be made up of refractory body configuration graphite-made crucible 35, charging feedstock 36 is enclosed in this crucible 35.In order to form the state with the cohesive layer same degree of bottom house, utilize via pressure rod 37 link load applying device 38 from top to this charging feedstock 36 applied load.The bottom of cylinder 34 is provided with dropping sampling apparatus 39.
Cylinder 34 via crucible 35 bottom sends into the gas after utilizing gas mixer 40 to adjust towards crucible 35, and utilizes gas analysis apparatus 41 to analyze by the gas after the charging feedstock 36 in crucible 35.Be equipped with the thermopair 42 of heating and temperature control at heater 33, utilize this thermopair 42 to measure temperature and utilize not shown control device to control heater 33, thus crucible 35 is heated to 1200 ~ 1500 DEG C.
Herein, as charging feedstock 36, be used in the ore class raw material that agglomerate and iron ore are mixed with the ratio of regulation with the sample of various ratio mixing coke.
Fig. 5 is above-mentioned experimental result, is than the chart illustrated as parameter relative to the relation between the mixing coke ratio of ore class raw material and Max pressure loss using agglomerate.
As shown in Figure 5, known: the kind of Max pressure loss and ore class raw material has nothing to do, significantly reduce along with the increase of mixing coke ratio.
Think that its reason is as follows: by mixing coke, inhibit the distortion of ore and maintain the space near mixing coke, therefore, inhibit the interparticle space because of the distortion of ore to reduce thus the phenomenon of aeration resistance rising.
Further, relation between the aeration resistance (Δ P/V) investigated and mix coke ratio and coke mixing packing layer is shown in addition and the result that obtains in Fig. 6 using the particle diameter ratio of coke and agglomerate as parameter.
In addition, Δ P/V is the index aeration resistance exponentiate in blast furnace obtained, and is calculated by following formula.
ΔP/V＝(BP-TP)/BGV
Herein, BP is pressure of air supply [Pa]
TP is furnace top pressure [Pa]
BGV is bosh gas volume [m
3(standard state)/min]
As shown in Figure 6, along with the increase of mixing coke ratio, the aeration resistance of coke mixing packing layer rises.And it is known: larger then this tendency of particle diameter ratio of coke and agglomerate is more remarkable.
But at cohesive zone, along with the increase of the increase of mixing coke ratio and then the particle diameter ratio along with coke and agglomerate, aeration resistance significantly alleviates.Thus, for the increase of amount of coke, although can aeration resistance be improved at packing layer, at cohesive zone, can obtain deducting negative value also has a surplus on the occasion of, therefore there is effect on the whole that reduce aeration resistance.
Thus, according to the present invention, by adjustment relative to the mixing coke ratio of ore class raw material and then the particle diameter ratio adjusting coke and agglomerate, the mixing coke ratio on the radial direction of blast furnace suitably can be controlled to predetermined value, as a result, the gas flow in blast furnace can suitably be maintained.
And, as shown in earlier figures 2, when the mixing raw material because producing in furnace top bin 12b segregation and cause coke distribution in the mixolimnion of the blast furnace radial direction gas flow departed from OK range, blast furnace to produce abnormal, on this basis, by forming the mixolimnion formed the coke ratio that the disorder of above-mentioned coke distribution compensates, the deterioration of the gas flow in blast furnace can be improved.
Secondly, Fig. 7 illustrates and makes pass in time from the raw material velocity of discharge of the furnace top bin 12c discharge raw material of the furnace top bin 12a and storage ore class raw material storing coke and change, thus makes the example that mixing coke ratio changes at the radial direction of blast furnace.
Be following situation in this example embodiment: at blast furnace dimensionless radius be 0 ~ 0.4 region only load coke with the velocity of discharge of 0.10t/s and form central coke layer 12d, then, when forming mixolimnion around it, the velocity of discharge of ore class raw material is made to be 1.75t/s and constant, but about the velocity of discharge of coke, make the velocity of discharge be O.08t/s in the region that blast furnace dimensionless radius is 0.4 ~ 0.7, the region being then 0.7 ~ 1.0 at blast furnace dimensionless radius makes the velocity of discharge rise to 0.12t/s.
In addition, load about towards the raw material in blast furnace, in blast furnace 10, form the layer be made up of central coke layer 12d and mixolimnion 12e as above from the lower to the upper successively.
Like this, by stacking gradually the layer be made up of central coke layer 12d and mixolimnion 12e, axle center part in blast furnace 10 forms the little central coke layer 12d of aeration resistance from bottom house towards upper blast furnace, form the mixolimnion 12e that coke and ore class raw material mix completely outside it.
Therefore, by being blown into the high-temperature gas based on CO in stove from the blast tube in air port of the cupola well being arranged at blast furnace 10 bottom, forming the gas stream risen by the central coke layer 12d of axle center part, meanwhile, form the gas stream risen by mixolimnion 12e.And then the high-temperature gas be such as blown into from this air port blast tube makes coke burn, and make ore class raw material reducing and smelting.
Thus, by the ore class raw materials melt of blast furnace 10 bottom, load coke in blast furnace 10 and ore class raw material declines towards stove bottom from furnace roof, produce the reduction of ore class raw material and the intensification of ore class raw material.
Therefore, be formed with the softening cohesive zone of ore class raw material in the upper side of melting layer, carry out the reduction of ore class raw material in the upper side of this cohesive zone.
Now, in the bottom of blast furnace 10, at mixolimnion 12e, ore class raw material and coke mix completely, become coke and enter state between ore class raw material, owing to there is no coke interlayer, therefore air permeability improves, and, because high-temperature gas directly passes through between ore class raw material, so there is no thermal conductivity delay, can thermal conduction characteristic be improved.
Therefore, in the bottom of the cohesive zone of blast furnace 10, the contact area of ore class raw material and high-temperature gas expands, and can promote carburizing.Further, in cohesive zone, air permeability and thermal conductivity can be improved.In addition, on the top of blast furnace 10, because ore class raw material and coke are close to configuration, therefore, by the reduction reaction of ore class raw material and the mutual sensitization phenomenon of gasification reaction (carbon's solution loss reaction (carbon solution loss reaction)) that is linked reaction, can good reduction be carried out and reduction can not be produced postpone.
Reduction reaction is now by FeO+CO=Fe+CO
2represent.
Further, gasification reaction is by C+CO
2=2CO represents.
On the other hand, be in layeredly stacked conventional example what describe above by ore and coke, ore and coke are alternately loaded in blast furnace, with ore layer and coke layer, the mode in stratiform in blast furnace loads.In this case, there is following problem: when the blast tube making the high-temperature gas of CO main body from air port flows into, in the bottom of cohesive zone, because coke interlayer reduces, ventilation is restricted and the pressure-losses rises, thus, the contact area of ore and high-temperature gas diminishes, and carburizing is restricted.
Further, in the upper side of cohesive zone, coke interlayer is formed, thermal conduction is carried out towards ore mainly through this coke interlayer, therefore can produce thermal conductivity delay and become heat conduction deficiency, and, on the top of blast furnace 10, the ore layer of the coke layer that air permeability is good and air permeability difference is stacked, therefore, not only heat-up rate reduces, and only carries out reduction reaction, above-mentioned linked reaction cannot be expected, therefore there is the problem producing reduction and postpone.
But, in the present embodiment, as mentioned above, owing to being laminated with the loading layer formed by the central coke layer 12d and coke and ore class raw material mix completely around it mixolimnion 12e that are only coke, therefore coke interlayer can not be formed at mixolimnion 12e, and, the blend level of the coke in mixolimnion 12e is suitably adjusted by the radial direction at blast furnace, the gas flow in stove inside radius direction can be controlled accurately, therefore the gas flow in blast furnace is stablized, good thermal conductivity can be guaranteed and realize stable ventilation improvement, the problem points of above-mentioned conventional example can be solved.
In addition, in the figure 7, show the situation of the switching carrying out the velocity of discharge of coke with one-level, but the switching of this velocity of discharge also can be more than two-stage, also can be make it change continuously further.
Such as, if carry out describing to an example of the situation that the two-stage of carrying out the velocity of discharge switches, as described below.
Also the region being 0 ~ 0.4 at blast furnace dimensionless radius in this case only loads coke with the velocity of discharge of 0.10t/s and forms central coke layer.Then, when forming mixolimnion, although the velocity of discharge of ore class raw material is 1.75t/s and keeps constant, but about the velocity of discharge of coke, the velocity of discharge is made to be 0.2t/s in the region that blast furnace dimensionless radius is 0.4 ~ 0.6, make the velocity of discharge be 0.17t/s in the region that blast furnace dimensionless radius is 0.6 ~ 0.8, make the velocity of discharge be 0.15t/s in the region that blast furnace dimensionless radius is 0.8 ~ 1.0.
In addition, following way is favourable: in blast furnace operation, monitor axial pressure, when continuing to carry out loading based on blast furnace of the present invention, when detecting abnormal at axial pressure, the load mode of raw material is switched to the common mode forming ore class raw material layer and coke interlayer respectively, then, again switch to based on load mode of the present invention after the exception of axial pressure is eliminated and carry out operation.
Embodiment
About the mixolimnion 12e of present embodiment, in embodiment 1, will represent that the amount of coke that is mixed in mixolimnion 12e is set as 40 quality % relative to the blend level of the coke of whole amount of coke, will goes out iron (t/d) divided by furnace volume (m with blast furnace one day
3) and the numerical value obtained that is porductivity coefficient are set as 2.2, in example 2, the blend level of coke is set as 69 quality %, above-mentioned porductivity coefficient is set as 2.2, in embodiment 3, the blend level of coke is set as 84 quality %, above-mentioned porductivity coefficient is set as 2.2, in example 4, the blend level of coke is set as 84 quality %, porductivity coefficient is set as 2.6, as comparative example, in comparative example 1, the blend level of coke is set as 0 quality %, porductivity coefficient is set as 2.2, in comparative example 2, the blend level of coke is set as 32 quality %, porductivity coefficient is set as 2.2, in comparative example 3, the blend level of coke is set as 32 quality %, porductivity coefficient is set as 2.6, in comparative example 4, the blend level of coke is set as 84 quality %, porductivity coefficient is set as 2.6.
In addition, about embodiment 1 ~ 4, as shown in Fig. 8 ~ Figure 11, the coke ratio in mixolimnion is made periodically to change at the radial direction of blast furnace and carry out the loading of raw material.
The job result illustrating and implement with each operating condition is compared in table 1.
[table 1]
In this table 1, coke ratio and micro mist charcoal are than the amount of coke used when being and manufacturing 1t iron liquid and micro mist charcoal amount (kg).
Reducing material is than the summation being coke ratio and micro mist charcoal ratio.
Gas effciency is the CO at furnace roof place
2ratio with the concentration of CO, utilizes following formula to calculate.
Gas effciency=CO
2/ (CO
2+ CO) × 100
Herein, CO
2for furnace roof CO
2concentration [%]
CO is furnace roof CO concentration [%]
Further, Δ P/V is the index ventilation resistance exponentiate in blast furnace obtained, and utilizes following formula to calculate.
ΔP/V＝(BP-TP)/BGV
Herein, BP is pressure of air supply [Pa]
TP is furnace top pressure [Pa]
BGV is bosh gas volume [m
3(standard state)/min]
As shown in table 1, any one of embodiment 1 ~ 4 is compared with comparative example 1 ~ 4, and not only the summation of coke ratio and micro mist charcoal ratio that is reducing material reduce than significantly, and gas effciency also improves.In addition known: index that is the Δ P/V of aeration resistance especially reduce, and in stove, air permeability is significantly improved.
Description of reference numerals:
1: ore class powder bucket; 2: ore class raw material; 3: coke hopper; 4: coke; 5: ore conveyer belt; 6: deposit hopper; 7: blast furnace charging feedstock; 8: load conveying belt; 10: blast furnace; 11: receive chute; 12a ~ 12c: furnace top bin; 12d: central coke layer; 12e: mixolimnion; 12g: the relief outlet of furnace top bin; 12h: the sloped sidewall of furnace top bin; 13: flow adjustment gate; 14: set hopper; 15: without clock-type charging apparatus; 16: rotary chute; 31: cylindric body of heater; 32: furnace core tube; 33: cylindric heater; 34: cylinder; 35: graphite-made crucible; 36: charging feedstock; 37: pressure rod; 38: load applying device; 40: mixing device; 41: gas analysis apparatus; 42: thermopair.
Claims (2)
1., towards a raw material charging method for blast furnace charging feedstock, in the method for operating blast furnace using rotary chute to load in blast furnace the blast furnace charging feedstock of the ore class raw material of agglomerate, pellet, massive ore etc. and coke, it is characterized in that,
When described blast furnace charging feedstock is loaded in blast furnace, central coke layer is formed at the axle center part of blast furnace, form the mixolimnion of ore class raw material and coke in the outside of this central coke layer, now, the blend level of coke is changed continuously or periodically at the radial direction of blast furnace.
2. the raw material charging method towards blast furnace charging feedstock according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
At least two furnace top bin are possessed at the furnace roof of described blast furnace, described furnace top bin one or two in, store either party in described ore class raw material or mixing raw material or both sides respectively, this mixing raw material is mixed by the mode of below the 30 quality % by described ore class raw material and described coke with amount of coke being whole amount of coke, described coke is stored in one of remaining furnace top bin, supply towards described rotary chute after the raw material of discharging from each furnace top bin being temporarily accommodated in set hopper, thus described blast furnace charging feedstock is loaded in blast furnace, now,
(1) first, the raw material of described rotary chute being loaded the axle center part that point of destination is set as blast furnace, by only being discharged by coke from the furnace top bin being only incorporated with coke, forming central coke layer at the axle center part of blast furnace,
(2) then, the raw material of described rotary chute is loaded the outside that point of destination is set as described central coke layer, adjust the velocity of discharge while discharge coke and ore class raw material and/or mixing raw material from each furnace top bin simultaneously, by supplying towards rotary chute after the mixing of set hopper, form the mixolimnion that the blend level of coke is changed continuously or periodically at the radial direction of blast furnace in the outside of described central coke layer.
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| JP2012-114866 | 2012-05-18 | ||
| JP2012114866 | 2012-05-18 | ||
| PCT/JP2013/003171 WO2013172045A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2013-05-17 | Method for charging starting material into blast furnace |
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| CN104302784A true CN104302784A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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| EP (1) | EP2851435B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5910735B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20150004879A (en) |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106133151A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-11-16 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method to blast furnace charging feedstock |
| CN111989411A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-11-24 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method for charging raw material into blast furnace |
| TWI803107B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-05-21 | 日商保羅伍斯Ｉｈｉ股份有限公司 | Furnace top device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2016051773A1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-07 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method for charging raw material into blast furnace |
| US20210095353A1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2021-04-01 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for charging raw materials into blast furnace |
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- 2013-05-17 KR KR1020147032829A patent/KR20150004879A/en active Search and Examination
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2851435A4 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| WO2013172045A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
| EP2851435A1 (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| KR20150004879A (en) | 2015-01-13 |
| JPWO2013172045A1 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
| EP2851435B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
| JP5910735B2 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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