WO2016156627A1 - Disposición de protección antifuego para cables - Google Patents
Disposición de protección antifuego para cables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016156627A1 WO2016156627A1 PCT/ES2015/070248 ES2015070248W WO2016156627A1 WO 2016156627 A1 WO2016156627 A1 WO 2016156627A1 ES 2015070248 W ES2015070248 W ES 2015070248W WO 2016156627 A1 WO2016156627 A1 WO 2016156627A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- cable
- fire
- fire protection
- compound
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
Definitions
- the object of the present invention is an anti-fire protection arrangement for hydrocarbons for cables, consisting of a layer of ceramifiable coating extruded on the core of a cable, a tape with high temperature resistance and an outer sheath for protection mechanics of the whole set.
- Another objective of the present invention is an electrical instrumentation, low voltage or medium voltage cable comprising said arrangement.
- the invention applies to electrical cables, used in both instrumentation, low voltage or medium voltage, and comprises an anti-fire arrangement arranged on the core of a cable, consisting of a layer of ceramifiable coating, a tape with high resistance to the temperature and an outer sheath for mechanical protection of the entire assembly.
- This provision allows the cable to be used safely in fixed installations, for instrumentation, communication, control systems, power cables, emergency systems and alarms, where these facilities are located in areas where fire resistance by hydrocarbons is vital, such as in refineries, petrochemical industry, and production or drilling platforms.
- the invention in essence, consists of a fire protection arrangement for a cable based on the novel use of a halogen-free flame retardant compound, which is continuously extruded on the cable to be protected.
- the compound is characterized by having a polymeric matrix with a system of fireproof filling materials that, when subjected to fire, is transformed into a ceramic material that insulates and protects the inner part of the cable.
- the material increases in volume by up to 200%, almost does not emit any type of smoke and does not emit corrosive gases.
- a fiberglass tape with holes that acts as a fire barrier is applied to the compound.
- the function of this tape is to prevent the ceramic material from falling during exposure to fire (which would represent the loss of fire protection) and, at the same time, allow the ceramifiable compound to expand through the holes. This point is of vital importance in the invention, since if the expansion of the ceramic material is not allowed, it will end up breaking the tape, with the consequent loss of cable protection.
- the cable is mechanically protected by means of a fireproof sheath.
- the fire protection arrangement of the present invention consists of a combination of three layers applied to an instrumentation, low voltage or medium voltage electrical cable, as described below:
- the first layer is a solid layer of constant thickness, which is extruded over a cylindrical cable core, the thermoplastic material has the following properties:
- the light beam reading measured according to ASTM E662 is 70% and 94% for irradiation and open flame, respectively. There is no residue or particles in the generated smoke, and no black smoke is generated. In addition, no toxicity is observed in the smoke.
- the production of marginal smoke from the combustion of the compound occurs in the preliminary phase of the two stage reaction process. Once the compound has reached its ceramic phase, the compound is fireproof and completely "dead.” According to DEF STAN-713 standards, the toxicity index of the compound is 1.6 (on a scale of 1 to 30), which is extremely low.
- certain polymeric materials can be endothermic, that is, the material as it is, is subjected to a temperature above a given threshold value undergoing an endothermic chemical reaction resulting in a temperature decrease effect (cooling). Furthermore, it is known that some polymeric materials such as those exposed to a temperature above a given threshold value expand, that is, they have a swelling effect. It is also known that some polymeric materials exhibit both effects simultaneously, that is, when exposed to a temperature above a given threshold value the material expands and ceramifies, while at the same time a chemical reaction occurs in the energy-consuming material. , so that the material itself, and indirectly the environment, cools. These properties make this type of endothermic material suitable for use in a variety of insulation applications, and also in applications to prevent heat penetration in relation to various fire scenarios.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that if a layer of said ceramifiable expandable endothermic material is combined with a layer of a Fiberglass net structure, the characteristics of the combined material are improved to withstand higher fire requirements.
- the results show that a synergistic effect is obtained by combining said endothermic material with a textured fiberglass mesh.
- the second layer consists of one of the following options placed on top of the layer described above:
- Fiberglass tape with a mesh size of less than 16 mm 2 , Helically placed on the ceramifiable material, with an overlap or overlap between 5% and 30%, or braided fiberglass or metal (aluminum or steel), with a mesh size below 16 mm 2 , placed on the cable with a coating level determined by the size of the mesh, or
- Fiberglass or metal wire (aluminum or steel), with a minimum diameter of 0.5 mm helically placed on the ceramifiable material, with a separation between 0.5 and 5 mm.
- the fiberglass mesh used will have a service temperature of up to 1100 ° C, a tensile strength value of 700 min (N / 5cm) (warp) and 600 min (N / 5cm) (weft) , and a Si0 2 content between 94% and 96%, and A1 2 0 3 between 3% and 4%.
- the third layer is a solid layer of plastic material, which is extruded over the layers described above, with a thickness in accordance with international standards such as NEK TS 606, which are known in the art.
- This is the last layer of the cable and provides the cable with adequate mechanical protection.
- this extruded layer is acting as a fire barrier and must pass the IEC flame and fire propagation tests, but must not actively protect in fire resistance tests, such as the Fire test by Hydrocarbons
- the material of this solid layer has the following properties:
- a halogenated compound could be used in this layer.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, where the cable has a single multifilament conductor.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the cable of the invention, where the cable has three multifilament conductors.
- Figure 3 is an elevation view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, showing the different layers that make up the cable fire protection.
- Figure 4 is an elevational view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, showing the second layer of the fire protection formed by a tapered strip.
- Figure 5 is an elevational view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, showing the second layer of the fire protection formed by a braid.
- Figure 6 is an elevation view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, showing the second layer of the fire protection formed by wire.
- Figure 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the cable of the invention, where the cable and its fire protection are illustrated at three different times when exposed to hydrocarbon fire.
- Figure 8 corresponds to a detail of Figure No. 7.
- Figure 9 illustrates the standard HCF curve according to NS-EN 1363-2: 1999, followed by the Hydrocarbon Fire test. Description of an embodiment of the invention.
- the invention as illustrated in Figure 1, consists of a fire protection arrangement (20) for a cable, comprising a combination of three layers applied to a core (10) of an electric cable, either Instrumentation, low voltage or medium voltage.
- the arrangement (20) comprises a first solid layer (21), of a halogen-free thermoplastic material, which contains inorganic fillers in a binder composed of an ethylene copolymer which is transformed from thermoplastic to ceramic in the case of a fire, isolating and protecting the part cable inside.
- Said first layer (21) has a constant thickness, and is extruded over the core (10) of the cylindrical cable.
- a second layer (22) is disposed that acts as a fire barrier, and its function is to prevent that, once the cable is exposed to fire by hydrocarbons, the ceramized material of the first layer (21) falls during exposure to fire and loss of fire protection occurs, but at the same time, said second layer (22) must allow the ceramifiable compound to expand through it to the outside.
- figure no. 4 illustrates the second layer (22) formed by a fiberglass mesh tape, with hole sizes (25) suitable to allow the expansion of the ceramifiable material.
- the tape is helically disposed on the first layer (21) with an overlap that varies between 5% and 30%.
- the figure no. 5 illustrates the second layer (22) formed by a braid that can be made of fiberglass or metal, the metal preferably being aluminum or steel, said braid preferably has a mesh hole size below 16 mm 2 .
- the third variant embodiment of the second layer (22) is illustrated in figure 6, in said figure the Second layer (22) is formed by a fiberglass or metal wire, with a minimum diameter of 0.5 mm, the metal being preferably aluminum or steel. Said wire, as illustrated in Figure 6, is placed helically with a spacing between the wires that can vary between 0.5 and 5 mm.
- the second layer (22) is of vital importance in the invention, since if the proper expansion of the ceramic material is not allowed, it will end up breaking said layer with the consequent loss of the cable protection.
- a third layer (23) is extruded onto the layer (22), said third layer (23) composed of a plastic material with a thickness in accordance with international standards known in the art .
- Said third layer (23) is the last layer of the cable and provides the cable with adequate mechanical protection, also acting as a fire barrier.
- said layer (23) must not actively protect in case of hydrocarbon fire.
- the material of this third layer (23) is preferably a low smoke and halogen free compound, but a halogenated compound could be used.
- the core (10) of the cable may be formed by one or more conductors, Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invention with a conductor, and embodiments with three conductors are illustrated in Figures 2 to 7. Additionally, the core (10) may comprise elements such as insulations of the conductors, for example Mica tape, inner covers comprising flame retardant compounds, and reinforcement or reinforcement screens, as well as other elements that allow the cable to be adapted to the functions for which it has been designed.
- elements such as insulations of the conductors, for example Mica tape, inner covers comprising flame retardant compounds, and reinforcement or reinforcement screens, as well as other elements that allow the cable to be adapted to the functions for which it has been designed.
- the test consists of a fire resistance test, with the nominal cable tension applied during the test, based on the NEK TS 606: 2009 standard.
- the operating voltage is monitored and the moment of breakage or failure at which the cable stops working is determined, this value being the survival time of the cable.
- Exposure to fire is carried out in accordance with the HCF curve of NS-EN 1363-2: 1999:
- t is the time since the start of the test in minutes
- T is the average oven temperature required in
- oven thermocouples were used according to paragraph
- the oven described in the NEK TS 606: 2009 standard is significantly smaller than the oven used for testing, however, with a larger oven the measurement and control of the oven temperature, as well as the pressure, are Much easier to control.
- the length of the sample to be tested is 900 mm.
- the cable is held by both ends outside the oven and does not have any other support inside the oven.
- test failure occurs when a short circuit appears between one of the conductors and the screen around the phases, or between the conductors and the braid.
- the cable "A" coincides with the usual provisions mentioned in the state of the art, whereby the test carried out makes it possible to demonstrate that the arrangement of the present invention has a higher resistance to fire by hydrocarbons than those arrangements known in the state of the art. technique .
- the cable is subjected to the action of a burner at a minimum flame attack temperature of 750 ° C, for a period of 90 minutes.
- the purpose of the test is to verify the ability of a cable to maintain the integrity of the circuit during a fire.
- test conditions were as follows:
- a driver breaks during the test time, signaled when a pilot lamp goes out.
- Ceramifiable non-ceramifiable can be expanded expands through the holes of the tape, since this tape, allowing no holes, a duration and ends testing breaking the tape significantly. superior to
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15887352.1A EP3279905B1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Fire protection arrangement for cables |
KR1020177031503A KR20180008439A (ko) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | 케이블용 방화 배열체 |
PCT/ES2015/070248 WO2016156627A1 (es) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Disposición de protección antifuego para cables |
CN201580078452.4A CN107615409B (zh) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | 用于线缆的防火结构、低压或中压仪器线缆 |
SG11201708049QA SG11201708049QA (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Fire protection arrangement for cables |
ES15887352T ES2885434T3 (es) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Disposición de protección antifuego para cables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2015/070248 WO2016156627A1 (es) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Disposición de protección antifuego para cables |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016156627A1 true WO2016156627A1 (es) | 2016-10-06 |
Family
ID=57005724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2015/070248 WO2016156627A1 (es) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Disposición de protección antifuego para cables |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3279905B1 (es) |
KR (1) | KR20180008439A (es) |
CN (1) | CN107615409B (es) |
ES (1) | ES2885434T3 (es) |
SG (1) | SG11201708049QA (es) |
WO (1) | WO2016156627A1 (es) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107507668A (zh) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-22 | 福建通宇电缆有限公司 | 一种防火电线及其制备方法 |
WO2018202760A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | Favuseal As | Method of protecting an object against fire and fire protective covering for an object |
CN109243682A (zh) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏华远电缆有限公司 | 耐500℃高温电缆及其制备方法 |
CN109494009A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 上海胜华电气股份有限公司 | 一种智能矿物质中压防火自监测电缆 |
US11810695B2 (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2023-11-07 | Nexans | Cable comprising a fire-resistant ceramic layer |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113066615A (zh) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 福建微波通通信技术有限公司 | 一种通讯电缆生产工艺及通讯电缆 |
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ES2056403T3 (es) * | 1989-05-25 | 1994-10-01 | Atochem Elf Sa | Composiciones polimeras ignifugadas y su aplicacion al revestimiento de cables electricos. |
CN202736535U (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-13 | 安徽新科电缆集团股份有限公司 | 一种轻型耐温耐火生态软电缆 |
CN202871387U (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-04-10 | 江苏长峰电缆有限公司 | 一种高柔性防火电力电缆 |
CN103646711A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-19 | 四川鑫电电缆有限公司 | 铝合金耐火电缆 |
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2015
- 2015-03-31 CN CN201580078452.4A patent/CN107615409B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-31 WO PCT/ES2015/070248 patent/WO2016156627A1/es active Application Filing
- 2015-03-31 EP EP15887352.1A patent/EP3279905B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-31 SG SG11201708049QA patent/SG11201708049QA/en unknown
- 2015-03-31 ES ES15887352T patent/ES2885434T3/es active Active
- 2015-03-31 KR KR1020177031503A patent/KR20180008439A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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ES2056403T3 (es) * | 1989-05-25 | 1994-10-01 | Atochem Elf Sa | Composiciones polimeras ignifugadas y su aplicacion al revestimiento de cables electricos. |
CN202736535U (zh) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-02-13 | 安徽新科电缆集团股份有限公司 | 一种轻型耐温耐火生态软电缆 |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018202760A1 (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | Favuseal As | Method of protecting an object against fire and fire protective covering for an object |
CN107507668A (zh) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-22 | 福建通宇电缆有限公司 | 一种防火电线及其制备方法 |
CN107507668B (zh) * | 2017-09-05 | 2023-09-08 | 新疆胡杨线缆制造有限公司 | 一种防火电线及其制备方法 |
CN109243682A (zh) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏华远电缆有限公司 | 耐500℃高温电缆及其制备方法 |
CN109494009A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 上海胜华电气股份有限公司 | 一种智能矿物质中压防火自监测电缆 |
US11810695B2 (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2023-11-07 | Nexans | Cable comprising a fire-resistant ceramic layer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107615409B (zh) | 2021-06-04 |
SG11201708049QA (en) | 2017-10-30 |
KR20180008439A (ko) | 2018-01-24 |
EP3279905A4 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
EP3279905A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
CN107615409A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
ES2885434T3 (es) | 2021-12-13 |
EP3279905B1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
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