EP3279905B1 - Fire protection arrangement for cables - Google Patents

Fire protection arrangement for cables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3279905B1
EP3279905B1 EP15887352.1A EP15887352A EP3279905B1 EP 3279905 B1 EP3279905 B1 EP 3279905B1 EP 15887352 A EP15887352 A EP 15887352A EP 3279905 B1 EP3279905 B1 EP 3279905B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
cable
fire protection
fire
protection arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15887352.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3279905A1 (en
EP3279905A4 (en
Inventor
Neus GENERÓ BOIX
Daniel CALVERAS IBAÑEZ
Vicenç MERCADÉ VALBUENA
Christian SCHLYTTER-HENRICHSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grupo General Cable Sistemas SA
Favuseal Wire & Cable As
Original Assignee
Grupo General Cable Sistemas SA
Favuseal Wire & Cable As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grupo General Cable Sistemas SA, Favuseal Wire & Cable As filed Critical Grupo General Cable Sistemas SA
Publication of EP3279905A1 publication Critical patent/EP3279905A1/en
Publication of EP3279905A4 publication Critical patent/EP3279905A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3279905B1 publication Critical patent/EP3279905B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a hydrocarbon fire protection arrangement for cables, which consists of a layer of extruded ceramifiable coating over a cable core, a tape with high resistance to temperature and an outer cover for the mechanical protection of the entire assembly.
  • Another object of the present invention is a low-voltage or medium-voltage electrical instrumentation cable, which comprises said arrangement.
  • the invention is applied to low-voltage or medium-voltage electrical cables, of those used in instrumentation, and comprises a fire protection arrangement disposed over a cable core, which consists of a layer of ceramifiable coating, a tape with high resistance to temperature and an outer cover for the mechanical protection of the entire assembly.
  • Said arrangement allows the cable to be used safely in fixed installations, for instrumentation, communication, control systems, power cables, emergency and alarm systems, where said installations are located in areas where the resistance to fire generated by hydrocarbons is vital, such as refineries, petrochemical industry and in production or drilling platforms.
  • the invention essentially consists of a fire protection arrangement for a cable based on the novel use of a halogen-free fireproof compound, which is continuously extruded over the cable it aims to protect.
  • the compound is characterized in that it has a polymer matrix with a fireproof filling material, which when subjected to fire, transforms into a ceramic material that protects the inner part of the cable.
  • the material increases in volume by up to 200%, it almost does not emit any type of smoke and does not emit corrosive gases.
  • a fibre glass tape is applied with orifices that acts as a fire barrier.
  • the function of this tape is to avoid that the ceramic material falls off during exposure to fire (which would represent the loss of fire protection) and, at the same time allow the ceramifiable compound to expand through the orifices. This point is of vital importance in the invention, since if expansion of the ceramic material is not permitted, the tape will eventually break, with the subsequent loss of protection of the cable.
  • the cable is mechanically protected by means of a fireproof cover.
  • the fire protection arrangement of the present invention comprises a combination of three layers applied to a low-voltage or medium-voltage electrical instrumentation cable, as described below:
  • the material of this solid layer has the following properties:
  • a halogen compound can be used in this layer.
  • the invention as illustrated in figure no. 1, consists of a fire protection arrangement (20) for a cable, comprising a combination of three layers applied to a core (10) of an electrical low-voltage or medium-voltage instrumentation cable.
  • the arrangement (20) comprises a first solid layer (21), of a halogen-free thermoplastic material, containing inorganic filling materials in a binding agent formed by an ethylene copolymer which is transformed from thermoplastic to ceramic in the case of a fire, isolating and protecting the inner part of the cable.
  • Said first layer (21) has a constant thickness, and is extruded over the core (10) of the cylindrical cable.
  • a second layer (22) is disposed over the first layer (21) which acts as a fire barrier, and its function is to avoid that, once the cable is exposed to the hydrocarbon fire, the ceramified material of the first layer (21) falls off during exposure to fire and the fire protection is lost, but at the same time, said second layer (22) should allow the ceramifiable compound to expand therethrough towards the outside.
  • figure no. 4 illustrates the second layer (22) formed by a fibreglass mesh tape, with orifice size (25) suitable for allowing expansion of the ceramifiable material.
  • the tape is disposed helicoidally over the first layer (21) with an overlapping that varies between 5% and 30%.
  • Figure no. 5 illustrates the second layer (22) formed by a braid which may be of fibre glass or metal, the metal preferably being aluminium or steel, said braid preferably has a mesh orifice size less than 16 mm 2 .
  • the second layer (22) is formed by a fibre glass or metal wire, with a minimum diameter of 0.5 mm, the metal preferably being aluminium or steel.
  • Said wire, as illustrated in figure no. 6, is placed helicoidally with a separation between the wires which may vary between 0.5 and 5 mm.
  • the second layer (22) is of vital importance in the invention, since if the suitable expansion of the ceramic material is not permitted this will eventually break said layer with the consequent loss of protection of the cable.
  • a third layer (23) is extruded over the layer (22), said third layer (23) being composed of a plastic material with a thickness in accordance with international standards known in the state of the art.
  • Said third layer (23) is the last layer of the cable and gives the cable suitable mechanical protection, also acting as a fire barrier.
  • said layer (23) should not actively protect in the event of a hydrocarbon fire.
  • the material of this third layer (23) is preferably a compound with low smoke emission and halogen-free, but a halogen compound can be used.
  • the cable core (10) may be formed by one or more conductors: figure no. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention with a conductor, and in figures nos. 2 to 7 illustrate the embodiments with three conductors. Additionally, the core (10) may comprise elements such as conductor insulations, e.g. Mica tape, inner covers comprising flame-retardant compounds, and reinforcement frames or screens, in addition to other elements that allow the adaptation of the cable to the functions it has been designed for.
  • elements such as conductor insulations, e.g. Mica tape, inner covers comprising flame-retardant compounds, and reinforcement frames or screens, in addition to other elements that allow the adaptation of the cable to the functions it has been designed for.
  • the ceramifiable material that forms the layer (21) increases in volume by up to 200%, causing its exit through the orifices (25) or spaces present in the second layer (22) which is disposed over said layer (21).
  • the second layer (22) allows, thanks to its arrangement and manufacturing, both the expansion of the ceramifiable material during its expansion and it retention over the core (10) once it has ceramified.
  • the test consists of a fire resistance test, with the nominal voltage of the cable applied during the tests, based on standard NEK TS 606:2009.
  • the voltage operation is monitored and the time of rupture or failure when the cable stops functioning is determined; this value is the survival time of the cable.
  • thermocouples for furnaces were used according to paragraph 7.3 of the IMO 2010 FTP Code part 3.
  • Figure no. 9 illustrates the standard HFC curve according to standard NS-EN 1363-2:1999, which is followed during the test.
  • the furnace described in standard NEK TS 606:2009 is significantly smaller than the furnace used for the test execution, however, with a larger furnace the temperature measurement and control of the furnace temperature, in addition to pressure, are much easier to control.
  • test sample length is 900 mm.
  • the cable is fastened by both ends outside of the furnace and there is no further support within the furnace.
  • the failure in the test occurs when there is a short-circuit between one of the conductors and the screen around the phases, or between the conductors and the braid.
  • Cable "A” coincides with the typical arrangements mentioned in the state of the art, so that the test performed makes it possible to demonstrate that the arrangement of the present invention has a greater hydrocarbon fire resistance that those arrangements known in the state of the art.
  • the cable is subjected to the action of a burner at a minimum attack temperature of the flame of 750°C, during a period of 90 minutes.
  • the aim of the test is to verify the capacity of a cable to maintain circuit integrity during a fire.
  • test conditions were as follows:
  • the criteria to determine the failure point was as follows: Voltage is not maintained, indicated by the failure of the fuse or by short-circuit interruption.
  • a conductor is broken during the test time, indicated when a pilot lamp switches off.
  • Fire resistance test results Description Cable 1 Cable 2 Core BFOU-HCF(i) 150/250 V 1x2x0.5 mm 2 BFOU-HCF(i) 150/250 V 1x2x0.5 mm 2 Ceramifiable material Layer of 11 mm of solid thickness (no orifices) Layer of 11 mm of solid thickness (no orifices) Fibre glass tape No orifices With orifices Cover Thermoplastic LSOH Thermoplastic LSOH Result (survival time) 123 minutes 180 minutes Observations The ceramifiable material does not expand through the tape, since it does not have orifices, and eventually breaks the tape. The ceramifiable material expands through the tape orifices, allowing a significantly longer test duration that the previous one.
  • ceramifiable material does not expand through the tape, since it does not have orifices, and eventually breaks the tape.
  • the ceramifiable material expands through the tape orifices, allowing a significantly longer test duration that the previous one.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
EP15887352.1A 2015-03-31 2015-03-31 Fire protection arrangement for cables Active EP3279905B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2015/070248 WO2016156627A1 (es) 2015-03-31 2015-03-31 Disposición de protección antifuego para cables

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3279905A1 EP3279905A1 (en) 2018-02-07
EP3279905A4 EP3279905A4 (en) 2018-12-19
EP3279905B1 true EP3279905B1 (en) 2021-06-02

Family

ID=57005724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15887352.1A Active EP3279905B1 (en) 2015-03-31 2015-03-31 Fire protection arrangement for cables

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3279905B1 (es)
KR (1) KR20180008439A (es)
CN (1) CN107615409B (es)
ES (1) ES2885434T3 (es)
SG (1) SG11201708049QA (es)
WO (1) WO2016156627A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018202760A1 (en) * 2017-05-03 2018-11-08 Favuseal As Method of protecting an object against fire and fire protective covering for an object
CN107507668B (zh) * 2017-09-05 2023-09-08 新疆胡杨线缆制造有限公司 一种防火电线及其制备方法
CN109243682A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-18 江苏华远电缆有限公司 耐500℃高温电缆及其制备方法
CN109494009A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-19 上海胜华电气股份有限公司 一种智能矿物质中压防火自监测电缆
FR3098635A1 (fr) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-15 Nexans câble comprenant une couche céramique résistante au feu
CN113066615A (zh) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-02 福建微波通通信技术有限公司 一种通讯电缆生产工艺及通讯电缆

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2647458B1 (fr) * 1989-05-25 1991-09-06 Norsolor Sa Compositions polymeres ignifugees et leur application au revetement de cables electriques
DE4437596A1 (de) * 1994-10-20 1996-04-25 Daetwyler Ag Flammwidrige Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kabeln mit Isolations- und/oder Funktionserhalt
EP1733002B1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2012-06-06 Olex Australia Pty Limited Ceramifying composition for fire protection
US7538275B2 (en) * 2005-02-07 2009-05-26 Rockbestos Surprenant Cable Corp. Fire resistant cable
LT2345535T (lt) * 2010-01-18 2016-12-27 Armacell Enterprise Gmbh & Co. Kg Išpūstų polimerų priešgaisrinės apsaugos sistema
CN202736535U (zh) * 2012-08-29 2013-02-13 安徽新科电缆集团股份有限公司 一种轻型耐温耐火生态软电缆
CN102850805A (zh) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-02 无锡江南电缆有限公司 陶瓷化耐火硅橡胶、其制备方法及在电线电缆中的应用
CN202871387U (zh) * 2012-10-22 2013-04-10 江苏长峰电缆有限公司 一种高柔性防火电力电缆
CN103515002B (zh) * 2013-09-15 2016-01-20 深圳市奔达康电缆股份有限公司 主动式遇火可陶瓷化的防火电缆
CN103646711A (zh) * 2013-11-29 2014-03-19 四川鑫电电缆有限公司 铝合金耐火电缆
CN103943245A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-07-23 深圳市沃尔核材股份有限公司 一种具有耐振动、耐水喷淋功能的耐火电线及耐火电缆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107615409B (zh) 2021-06-04
EP3279905A1 (en) 2018-02-07
WO2016156627A1 (es) 2016-10-06
KR20180008439A (ko) 2018-01-24
ES2885434T3 (es) 2021-12-13
SG11201708049QA (en) 2017-10-30
EP3279905A4 (en) 2018-12-19
CN107615409A (zh) 2018-01-19

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