WO2016156585A2

WO2016156585A2 - Covering cap

Info

Publication number: WO2016156585A2
Application number: PCT/EP2016/057252
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Hagl
Original assignee: Vasema Diagnostics Ag
Priority date: 2015-04-03
Filing date: 2016-04-01
Publication date: 2016-10-06
Also published as: EP3285648A2; WO2016156585A3; AT516999A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a covering cap (10) for detecting and administering substances. According to the invention, an indicator (11) is deposited on the surface of at least one wall of the covering cap (10) and/or embedded in the wall material in such a way that a substance (20) to be indicated travels from outside the cap (10) to the indicator (11); said indicator (11) is different from the material or material combination forming the cap (10), is sensitive to the substance (20) to be indicated, and permanently or temporarily changes its state from an initial state in the presence of the substance (20).

Description

cap

The invention relates to a cap for the detection of substances, in particular for placement on a skin analyzer and for insertion into body openings, according to the preamble of claim 1, a cap according to the preamble of claim 27 and a cap for administering one or more administration substances, according to the preamble 33. Furthermore, the invention relates to a combination of a measuring device with a cap according to claim 51, a combination of a measuring device with a cap according to claim 56 and a combination of a measuring device with a cap according to claim 57. The invention further relates to a hygiene article according to claim 61 and a robot arm according to claim 62. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a cap according to the preamble of claim 63, a method for producing a cap ge According to the preamble of claim 64 and a method for producing a cap according to the preamble of claim 66.

In this context, skin is understood to mean any body surface, in particular skin surfaces, mucous membranes, conjunctivae, organic skins, etc.

Background of the invention is the use of caps, also called hygienic caps, for covering sensors of a measuring device. Cover caps are essential for sterile or non-sterile, clean human, animal or material measurements, without contaminating the sensor covered by the cap or the meter covered by the cap. Such caps are used in the prior art, for example in an infrared thermometer, the infrared sensor is covered to protect against contamination with a cap. The use of caps is designed not to spread disease to other people or body parts or objects.

However, the caps available from the prior art have disadvantages in many respects. Since substances are difficult or impossible to detect due to the hygienically shielding design of the hygiene caps, for example, the detection of gases with a measuring device covered by a hygiene cap is virtually impossible.

From the prior art it is known that hygiene caps are made of a uniform and equally thick material, preferably polyethylene or polypropylene, wherein the surface area of the respective cap by means of a microtonmeter or by means of a laser in the region of the end wall, through which the infrared temperature characterizing the respective temperature penetrates. Thus, the temperature can be measured, but the presence of substances such as inflammation or certain gases, but can not be detected. The invention solves this disadvantage in a cap of the type mentioned above with the characterizing feature of claim 1 and a combination of a cap with a measuring device according to claim 51.

In the case of a covering cap for the detection of substances, it is provided that at least one wall of the covering cap is superficially deposited or incorporated into the material of the wall, one of which the covering cap forming material or material composite is arranged in such a different manner.

- that by mechanical, chemical or thermal action on the cap or

- By irradiation of the cap

the administration substance, preferably completely, is detachable from the cap or ausbringbar from the cap.

The indicator allows detection of substances while providing hygienic shielding of the meter and can detect substances such as gases and / or particles or other parameters of the skin of a person or an object.

Another known problem is the measurement of pH values or other parameters determined by electrodes with a high standard of hygiene or to carry out electrostimulation in hygienically sensitive areas. The invention solves this problem with a cap of the type mentioned above with the characterizing feature of claim 27 and a combination of a cap with a measuring device according to claim 56.

In such a cap is provided

- That the wall defines an interior space, wherein the cap has an inner side facing the interior and the outside of the cap facing and on the wall of the inside opposite the outside and

- That deposited on at least one wall of the cap on the surface or incorporated in the material of the wall at least one of which the cap forming Material or composite material consisting of different conductive material conductor material is arranged such that

a) from the interior to the outside at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

b) within the interior of the cap at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

c) along the outside of the cap at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

d) within the wall at least one electrical contact can be produced.

The prior art also has the problem of achieving administration of drugs or other substances under hygienic conditions. The invention solves this problem with a cap of the type mentioned above with the characterizing feature of claim 33 and a combination with a measuring device according to the characterizing feature of claim 57. In such a cap is provided

- That superimposed on at least one wall of the cap deposited or embedded in the material of the wall one of the cap forming material or composite material different administration substance, is arranged such -dass by mechanical and / or chemical and / or thermal action on the cap or

- By irradiation of the cap, the administration substance, preferably completely, more preferably in a defined amount, detachable from the cap or from the cap is ausbringbar.

The cap according to the invention makes it possible to administer administering substances under a high standard of hygiene.

Another object of the invention is to provide an advantageous method for producing these caps. The invention solves this problem in the method of the type mentioned above with the characterizing feature of claims 63, 64 and 66.

Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in more detail by the features of the dependent claims: An improved embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the cover cap comprises an end wall bounded by a peripheral edge and a jacket wall adjoining the peripheral edge of the end wall, the end wall and the jacket wall defining an interior space, wherein the cover cap has an inner side facing the inner space and an outer area the cap facing and on the wall of the inside opposite the outside has and that

a) the indicator in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside of the front wall and / or

- The inside of the front wall and / or

- The outside of the jacket wall and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall is arranged and / or

b) the indicator is arranged in the material of the end wall and / or the jacket wall.

A simple detection of the substance is achieved by the indicator upon contact with the substance changes at least one physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property, and that this change in the characteristic of the indicator from a, in particular within the cap can be arranged measuring device, detectable.

A determination of the number of uses, i. a single use of the cap or a repeated use of the cap, is achieved by the indicator on contact with the substance of its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property

- irreversibly changes or

or that the indicator reversibly changes and returns to its initial state, the duration of the reaction of the indicator with the substance to be indexed being substantially shorter than the decay time in which the indicator returns to its initial state.

In order to bind the fabric and to keep available for further evaluation, it is provided that on at least one wall, in particular the end wall and / or the shell wall, the cap superficially or embedded in the material one of the covering cap forming material or Composite material is arranged various additional binding substance which binds, in particular volatile, substances for which the indicator is sensitive.

An optical detection of the presence of the substance is achieved by the indicator on contact with the substance, its optical properties, in particular its optical interaction properties, preferably optical material damping and / or be changes optical window and / or optical modes and / or optical scattering and / or optical absorption compared to the initial state and in particular for certain, in particular visible, wavelength components, its transparency, opacity or its reflective or absorbing behavior changes.

By an increased contrast effect of the indicator when the substance with the material of the cap is achieved by the material of the cap is provided with a dye and that the contrast between the indicator and the dye in detection of the substance by the indicator of the contrast between the indicator and the dye is different in the initial state.

An embodiment of the invention that is particularly advantageous for measuring the presence of glucose provides that electrodes, in particular with a comb structure, are arranged on the end wall of the cover cap, and that the electrodes are covered with a graphene layer or with a plurality of graphene layers.

Another way to increase the contrast between the indicator and the cap is achieved by part of the wall of the cap, in particular the shell wall and / or parts of the end wall, free of the indicator, the parts of the wall containing a free dye from the indicator.

In order to be able to detect the substance only above a certain concentration threshold, it is provided that the indicator changes its physical, chemical or thermal property only after exceeding a concentration threshold of the substance.

A larger number of substances or more substances can be detected by at least one wall of the cap on the surface or incorporated in the material of the wall more of the covering cap forming material or composite material has different, in particular different from each other, indicators.

A different detection of the substance or a detection of several different substances is achieved by the indicators are different in their chemical, physical, thermal or optical properties.

A local distribution of the substance can be detected by the indicators at different areas of the cap, in particular at different Regions within or superficially on the end wall and / or the jacket wall, are arranged.

A detection of different volatile substances is achieved by different indicators in different layer depths of the wall, in particular the shell wall and / or the end wall, the cap are arranged.

A hardly detectable substance can be detected by conversion into a messenger by

a) the indicators are in a reaction relationship with each other,

b) the first indicator

- changes its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property when reacting with the substance or

- reacts with the substance and forms a messenger,

c) another indicator is located closer to the inside of the wall than the first indicator and

d) the other indicator

if the physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property of the first indicator changes, or

- When the messenger substance is produced by the first indicator changes its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property.

The reaction of an article to a reaction substance can be detected by

a reaction substance is arranged on the outside of the wall, in particular the casing wall and / or the end wall, the substance being able to be formed on application of the reaction substance to an object to be examined,

- Preferably, on the interior facing surface of the wall, in particular the shell wall and / or the end wall, the indicator is arranged and

- Which is formed between the reaction substance and the indicator lying region of the cap for the substance permeable.

It is preferably provided that the reaction substance contains or is an allergen. Contamination of a measuring device arranged in the interior of the covering cap can be prevented by forming part of the wall of the covering cap, in particular the casing wall and / or the end wall, permeable to the substance, the wall of the covering cap, in particular the casing wall and / or the End wall, impermeable to contamination, in particular body secretions such as faeces, urine, blood, pus and / or saliva, is. Furthermore, certain components of the sample can be targeted or neutralized, if a part of the wall of the cap, in particular the shell wall and / or the end wall, an antibacterial or self-cleaning coating or lotus coating or a coating with titanium effect includes and / or impurity indicating Coating comprising, in particular, Biodorus, which is designed such that contact with contaminants can be indicated,

Targeted activation or formation of the indicator is achieved by:

the indicator comprises at least one auxiliary substance which can be converted into the indicator substance by external excitation, in particular by heat, light and / or chemical processes, and / or

in that the indicator has a plurality of auxiliary substances, wherein the auxiliary substances can be converted into an indication substance by external excitation, in particular by heat, light and / or chemical methods. the indicator comprises an indicator substance and an auxiliary substance and

- that by external excitation, in particular by heat, light and / or chemical

Method, the indicator substance is activated by the auxiliary substance.

An incorporation of the indicator in a carrier is provided by the indicator comprises an indicator substance and a carrier, wherein the indicator substance is incorporated in the carrier and formed such that the indicator for the substance in the initial state is not sensitive, and

that the carrier activates the indicator after mechanical, chemical or thermal action.

Premature detection of the substance or contamination of the indicator is prevented by the indicator comprising an indicator substance, the indicator being separated or encapsulated by a barrier from the environment of the cap, the barrier being disrupted or permeable to the substance upon external stimulation, and wherein in particular by an acting on the cap pressure, the indicator substance is pressed out. A preferred embodiment of the cap is achieved in that the indicator consists of one of the following indicators or substances or a mixture thereof: pH indicators (acid-base titrations), in particular litmus, bromothymol blue or phenolphthalein, redox indicators, complex indicators, Solvatochrome indicators, thermoindicators, mixed indicator, contrast indicator, moisture indicators,

- Fluorescence indicator, enzymes, biochemical catalyst, in particular

Group I: oxidoreductases

• Group II: transferases

• Group III: hydrolases

• Group IV: lyases (synthases)

• Group V: isomerases

Group VI: ligases (synthetases),

Allergen, zymase, cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, yeast, oxygen, enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx), yeast and / or boronic acid, carbon dioxide, urea, enzyme urease, catalase, hexachlorobenzene, laurel oil, pomegranate, calendula oil, medium, rice extract, tetra- ethyl-ammonium-hydroxide, acids or bases or acid-alkali combinations, alkalis (oxides, soda-lime).

The carrier preferably consists of one of the following substances or substances or a mixture thereof:

- Colloidal vehicle systems such as microemulsions,

- drug molecules with sufficient lipophilicity,

small hydrophilic molecules, in particular urea or propylene glycol,

- enhancers, in particular oleic acid, terpenes, glycolipids, medium-chain triglycerides,

Waxes, in particular isopropyl myristate, branched-chain fatty alcohols, in particular eutanol G, urea, propylene glycol, azone, dimethyl sulfoxide, taurine, 1,2-pentylene glycol,

galenic vehicle systems, in particular microemulsions,

- Penetration retarder or reducer.

The auxiliary substance preferably consists of one of the following substances or substances or a mixture thereof:

Gases, liquids, solids, air constituents, in particular C02 or 02, water, water vapor, substances that occur in or on the surface of the skin, bacteria, viruses. In order to facilitate the application of the cap or the effect of the application of the cap and to reduce or repair any damage, it is provided that on the outside of the cap, a lubricant and / or care agent is applied and the lubricant and / or care agent is arranged on the outside of the cap so that the indicator, in particular the indicators, is covered by the lubricant and / or care agent.

In order to take samples of the object or a person to be examined, it is provided that the covering cap and / or the indicator comprises an adhesive substance, wherein the adhesive substance is arranged such that the adhesive substance comes into contact with the object when the covering cap is applied to an object .

- that the adhesive substance binds to itself parts of the object, in particular dander or DNA, and

- that the parts of the article adhere to the adhesive substance when removing the cap.

In order to detect whether a first substance is present and a second substance can not analyze or detect more complex substances or substance mixtures, the covering cap comprises:

a first indicator, which changes its state in the presence of a first substance,

at least one second indicator, in particular a number of further indicators, which changes state in the presence of a second substance,

a calculator comprising a calculator substance that changes state depending on the state of the first indicator and the second indicator, wherein preferably the calculator consists of one of the substances or a mixture of indicator substances.

A particular embodiment of the invention is provided in that the cover cap comprises an end wall bounded by a peripheral edge and a lateral wall adjoining the peripheral edge of the end wall, the end wall and the jacket wall defining an interior space, wherein the cover cap has an inner side facing the inner space and an outer area the cap facing and on the wall of the inside opposite the outside has and that

a) the conductor substance in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside of the front wall and / or - The inside of the front wall and / or

- The outside of the jacket wall and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall is arranged and / or

b) the conductor substance is arranged in the material of the end wall and / or the jacket wall,

and wherein preferably the conductor substance is formed from one or more conductive polymers with intrinsic or extrinsic conductivity, which is in particular doped, preferably p-doped.

In order to conduct electrical impulses from the interior of the cap to the outside and to deliver by means of electrodes to the object or a person, it is provided that on the outside, in particular the end wall, the cap electrodes are arranged, wherein by the conductor substance, between the interior of the Cover and the electrodes, an electrical contact, in particular with a low, preferably constant, roughness, is formed, wherein preferably the electrodes as holey structures and / or conductive grid structures, in particular pores, are formed, which cover the cap.

Electrodes or other electrical components or lines can be connected to the cap by electrically conductive contact surfaces, in particular with a roughness of less than 0.4μηι in particular less than 20nm, are formed on the outside and / or inside, in particular on the end wall , wherein formed by the conductor substance, between the interior of the cap and the contact surfaces, an electrical contact.

A particular embodiment of the invention is provided in that the conductor substance, the electrodes and / or the contact surfaces consist of or comprise one, in particular doped, conductive, in particular the same adhesive.

Preferred embodiments of the conductor substance are achieved by

- the conductor substance, the electrodes and / or the contact surfaces of one of the following materials or a mixture thereof: plant starch, stearin (biodegradable), palm fat, vegetable fat, paraffin, beeswax, beeswax with capillary separating acids,

Conductive substances may be, for example: carbon (graphite and graphene), silver (eg silver nanoparticles) eg 200 mQ / mm ² , carbon, tin oxide, copper, silver, Gold, aluminum, sodium, tungsten, salt, tungsten, zinc, brass, iron, chromium, lead, titanium, stainless steel, mercury, gadolinium, graphite, conductive polymers, doped germanium, doped silicon and tellurium; are embedded in the material and / or

- That the material comprises binders for binding the conductive substances.

These conductive substances can be arranged as layers one above the other and next to one another with different conductivities and in particular have pores or holes and be arranged on the outside or inside of the end wall.

Preferably, the administering substance is a medicament, analgesic, disinfectant, hormone, skin care agent, barrier barrier, homeopathic or supplemental, especially a food supplement, or a combination of the foregoing.

A preferred embodiment of the cap is achieved by the cap comprises an end wall bounded by a peripheral edge and a mantle wall adjoining the peripheral edge of the end wall, wherein the end wall and the shell wall define an interior space, the cap having an inner side facing the inner space and an outer area the cap facing and on the wall of the inside opposite the outside has and that

a) the administration substance in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside of the front wall and / or

- The inside of the front wall and / or

- The outside of the jacket wall and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall is arranged and / or

b) the administration substance is arranged in the material of the end wall and / or the jacket wall.

A defined dose or a defined volume of the administration substance is achieved by the end wall in particular being completely folded over the peripheral edge into the interior of the covering cap and forming an indentation, which in particular has a definable volume, wherein the administering substance is arranged in the indentation and the administration substance, in particular by a dispensing element which can be arranged within the interior of the covering cap, can be brought out of the indentation, wherein the indentation in particular has a tapering, has constant or widening cross section and / or is preferably formed as a cavity or trough.

An easy way to deploy the administration substance from the indentation or bring them completely out of the bulge is made possible by the end wall is flexible and the indentation over the peripheral edge, in particular completely, can be folded out.

In order to be able to dispose residues of the administration substance completely out of the covering cap after use or to render the covering cap and / or the administration substance ineffective, it can be provided that the administration substance comprises a heat source, in particular a measuring device or therapy device that can be arranged in the interior of the covering cap a heat source, destructible and in particular combustible. Thus, it is also achieved that the cap can be disposed of easily on a simple landfill, or that already decomposition of the cap or the material of the cap is initiated by the action of the heat source and thereby the decomposition is accelerated. Also, the substances contained in the cap, such as indicators, auxiliary substances, etc., can be permanently disabled by irradiation, heating, light, etc., so that the cap can be disposed of without environmental impact. In particular, enzymes or hormones disintegrate even with moderate irradiation or heating, for example even between 50 ° C and 60 ° C, so that the cap disposed of residue and possibly even can be composted.

Hygienic covering of the administration substance and shielding of germs or contamination is achieved by covering the administration substance by a sealing lid, wherein in particular the sealing lid completely covers the recess and extends along the peripheral edge.

A further possibility of sealing and encapsulating the administration substance and thus preventing contamination is achieved by the administration substance being separated or encapsulated by a barrier from the environment of the covering cap, the barrier being destructible or permeable by external excitation, and in particular by a acting on the cap pressure the administration substance is auspressbar. A particular embodiment of the invention provides that the jacket wall has at least one peripheral portion whose thickness is less than the thickness of the jacket wall in the portion of the end wall remote from the end wall of the shell wall. By this measure, a certain flexibility is given in the region of the circumferential section, with the optimal adaptation of the cap is made possible to the respective measuring device.

Different permeabilities and properties of the individual parts of the cap can be achieved if the cap consists of at least two different materials, preferably with different physical and / or chemical and / or electrical properties, wherein in particular the shell wall, the end wall and / or portions thereof consist of different materials.

In principle, it is in any type of cap, in particular in all the above-mentioned developments of the invention, advantageous if that the end wall at least one point a thickness in the range of less than 100 μηι, preferably between 0.1 μηι and 20 μηι, in particular between 5 μηι and 10 μηι, has. This makes it possible to create an end wall, can diffuse through the gases and a cap is also possible to protect the sensor from harmful substances, without affecting the entire function of the meter, as through the formation of the end wall to be measured substances through this can diffuse.

In particular, it can be provided that the end wall in particular has a constant, logarithmic or exponential thickness. As a result, a particularly accurate measurement is possible.

In order to be able to analyze gaseous substances better, it is provided that the wall, in particular the end wall, is gas-permeable, and / or has plugs and / or areas which upon chemical, thermal and / or physical change, in particular pressure change, irradiation of UV light or radiation, change their permeability.

Another preferred aspect of the invention provides that the end wall is radiation, vapor, moisture, particle, and / or translucent and / or a number of, in particular vapor-permeable or gas-permeable, micro-holes and or nanoholes. This makes it possible to make the thus formed cover for a variety of different measuring devices applicable.

A particularly adaptable, robust and resistant embodiment of the invention provides that the cap is made of the same material and / or integral or nonuniform material, and in particular of one or more thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable plastics, preferably one or more of the following materials or a Mixture of this, consists of:

PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol), PP (Polypropylene), PE (Polyethylene), PC (Polycarbonate), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), PS (Polystyrene), ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene ), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), ECOTERM S 900 T1, PETG / copolyester 67639, wherein the material of the cap (10), in particular in addition, contains one or more of the following ingredients: additives, stabilizers, colorants, Fillers, reinforcing materials, wherein preferably the cap in at least part of the wall comprises a number of layers, wherein preferably the plurality of materials are arranged in different layers

Furthermore, the material of the cap can advantageously have a dye and the end wall for certain, in particular visible, wavelength components may be made opaque or absorbent.

A particular embodiment of the invention provides that the cap is formed of the same material and / or in one piece, and in particular consists of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable bioplastic based on cellulose, polylactic acid or starch,

wherein the material of the cap, in particular in addition, contains one or more of the following components: binders, additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents.

A desired, adjustable permeability can be further improved if the end wall has a defined, uniform or uneven spacing of the braid of the polymer chains, the thickness of the end wall having a thickness in the range of less than 100 nm at at least one point. A simple production is made possible by the fact that the thickness of the shell wall, in particular in the axial or radial direction, has a continuous over the shell wall, kink and edge-free course, and / or thickness as the respective average thickness in each section of the shell wall applies, and /or

that the jacket wall, in particular with the exception of the region of the latching projections and / or latching recesses, is rotationally symmetrical.

In order to achieve a hygienic packaging and sealing of the cap, the administration substance, the electrode substance, it is provided that the cap has a seal, wherein the seal the cap, in particular the indicator, the administration substance, the electrode substance, or the wall, in particular the end wall, partially, in particular completely, surrounds and seals.

An uniquely made use of the cap can be made visible when the cap has another indicator, in particular a pH indicator, which is designed such that at least a part of the wall of the cap disc discolored upon contact with the skin, so that a one-time use of the cap is visible

The invention relates by means of a combination of a measuring device, in particular for skin analysis, which is covered with a cap according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device comprises at least one detector for the change of state of at least one indicator upon contact with the substance is sensitive.

In order to be able to activate the auxiliary substance by means of a measuring device, it is provided that the measuring device, in particular the detector, comprises at least one activation element, wherein the indicator can be activated by the activation element or the auxiliary substance can be converted into the indicator substance of the indicator or activated.

A simplified application of a cap with a barrier or a carrier and in combination with a meter can be achieved by the barrier by the meter, in particular the detector, is breakable or causes the carrier to release the indicator. A preferred positioning of the combination of the cap with the measuring device to the object to be examined or a person is achieved by the distance of the detector from the cap during detection is a maximum of 10 mm.

A particular embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the detector has a photomultiplier, in particular embodied as μΡΜΤ.

The invention further relates to a combination of a measuring device, in particular according to claim 51 to 56, which is covered with a cap, which is formed according to one of claims 1 to 50, in particular according to one of claims 33 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device a dispensing element, wherein the administration substance, in particular by expressing the bulge of the cap over the peripheral edge, by the dispensing element is detachable or ausbringbar.

In order to be able to record or record the duration of administration of an administration substance, it is provided that the measuring device comprises a timer, wherein the duration of administration of the administration substance with the timer can be detected, and the timer in particular after a predetermined period of time a signal or the administration of the administration substance interrupts. This interruption can be done, for example, by making the administration substance inactive by irradiation or heating.

In order to prevent unauthorized operation of the measuring device, it is provided that the measuring device has an identification unit, wherein the identification unit allows the use of the measuring device only after entering an authorization key, in particular a password or a fingerprint.

In order to be able to irradiate the auxiliary substance with heat or a special radiation, it is provided that the measuring device comprises a heat source and / or radiation source, which is directed in particular to the auxiliary substance, the indicator, the carrier of the covering cap or for heating or irradiation of the measuring object, Object or a person is trained.

A particular embodiment and application of the cap according to the invention is provided with a hygiene article according to claim 61. For this purpose, it is provided that the absorbent sanitary article, in particular diaper or sanitary napkin, with a covering cap according to the invention is covered, wherein the cap or the cap is arranged in combination with a measuring device, in particular on the waistband of the diaper and is preferably integrated in a holder with clip.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a cap, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 50,

a) wherein a plastic film, in particular a film consisting of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), is used as starting material for a deep-drawing process, which preferably has a thickness of between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

- In a molding step b) the cap is formed from the plastic film and

wherein, in an application step c), a material or composite of material forming the covering cap which changes its state in the presence of a substance, into the plastic film or onto the surface of the plastic film,

- Is applied or introduced prior to the formation of the cap in or on the plastic film or

- Applied or introduced after the formation of the cap on the cap. With this method caps according to the invention can be produced with indicators advantageous.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a cap, in particular according to one of claims 27 to 50,

a) wherein a plastic film, in particular a film consisting of PETG, is used as starting material for a deep-drawing process, which preferably has a thickness of between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

- In a molding step b) the cap is formed from the plastic film and

- In one application step c) one of the cap forming material or composite material different from one or more conductive materials, in particular polymers with intrinsic or extrinsic conductivity, which are preferably doped in particular p-doped, existing electrode substance, in the plastic film or on the Surface of the plastic film,

- Is applied or introduced prior to the formation of the cap in or on the plastic film or - Applied or introduced after the formation of the cap on the cap. Cover caps with electrodes according to the invention can advantageously be produced with this method.

A particular manufacturing method of the cap is provided by the manufacturing method provides that

magnetic or magnetizable elements, in particular graphite powder, are added in an admixing step d) prior to the application or introduction of the conductive substance onto or into the plastic film or onto or into the covering cap of the conductive substance formed from the plastic film,

wherein in a magnetization step e) at least one magnet or an electric field is applied to a surface of the plastic film or the cap, in particular the end wall,

- In a positioning step f) before or after the magnetization step e) the electrode substance is applied to the plastic film or on the formed of the plastic film cap, in particular the end wall and the electrode substance is brought into a defined position by the magnet or the electric field and

wherein in a fixing step g) the positioned electrode substance is incorporated in or on the plastic film or cap, in particular by local heating of the plastic film or cap, or sealed by application of a particular non-conductive material to the surface of the plastic film or the cap and / or or by means of an adhesive, in particular cellulose adhesive or plant adhesive, is fixed.

An inventive production method of a cap with administering substance provides that

a plastic film, in particular a film consisting of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), is used as the starting material for a deep drawing process, which preferably has a thickness of between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

wherein, in a shaping step b), the covering cap is formed from the plastic film,

wherein in an application step c) one of the covering cap forming material or composite material preferably having a multilayer structure, different administration substance in the plastic film or on the surface of the plastic film, - Is applied or introduced prior to the formation of the cap in or on the plastic film or

- Applied or introduced after the formation of the cap on the cap.

In order to easily form the bulge of the cap and to achieve a particular embodiment of the cap, it is provided

- That in the plastic film prior to the formation of the cap indentation is formed or

- That in the cap after the formation of the cap an indentation, in particular with a tapered, constant or widening cross-section preferably as a cavity or trough is formed, and

- That one of the covering cap forming material or composite material is introduced into the bulge different delivery substance or applied to the surface of the bulge.

A particular possibility to attach the electrode substance, the administration substance or the indicator to the plastic film or cap provides that the indicator, the electrode substance and / or the administration substance by a stamp on the plastic film or on the formed from the plastic film cap, in particular the end wall is printed. As a result, layer thicknesses of between 20nm and 140nm can be created. The stamp can also be used to specify the structure of the deposit or of the substances applied.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the indicator, the electrode substance and / or the administration substance is in liquid form and the indicator, the electrode substance and / or the administration substance are dripped onto the plastic film or onto the covering cap, in particular the end wall, formed from the plastic film is and then optionally dried. As a result, deposits with a thickness of 100 nm to 2 μηι can be created. In addition, by selecting the position to which the drop is dropped and the concentration of the dropped liquid, the concrete deposit can be determined. Furthermore, as an alternative or in addition, it may be provided that the indicator, the electrode substance and / or the administration substance is in liquid form and the plastic film or the cover formed from the plastic film, in particular the end wall in the indicator, the electrode substance and / or the administration substance dipped is and then optionally dried. With this measure, depending on the viscosity and concentration of the liquid substance, layer thicknesses of the deposition of between 20 nm and 140 nm can be created. In addition, multiple dips can be used to create structures with multiple layers of deposits.

A cap with a particularly thin end wall can be produced by the method according to the invention. It is intended

a) that a plastic film, in particular a film consisting of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), is used as starting material for a deep-drawing process, which preferably has a thickness between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

b) that a stamp with a number of separately and / or synchronously movable, adjacent partial stamps is pressed onto the plastic film, wherein the individual partial punches are moved normal to the plane of the plastic film and wherein the plastic film is pressed by the pressure of the partial punch in a counter-mold and is deformed into a cap shape,

c) that the individual partial stamps of the stamp during or after step b) are spaced from each other, each of the sub-stamp is moved from the position of the punch radially and / or corkscrew outward, whereby in the plastic film, an end wall, in particular with a thickness in Range of less than 100 μηι, preferably between 3 μηι and 20 μηι, in particular between 5 μηι and 10 μηι, is formed.

A particularly adaptable, robust and resistant embodiment of the invention provides that the plastic film of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable plastic, preferably one or more of the following materials or a mixture thereof, which are in particular connected by means of cold or hot rolling process, consists ::

- PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PC (polycarbonate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PS (polystyrene), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), HDPE (high density polyethylene), LDPE (low density Polyethylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), ECOTERM S 900 T1, PETG / copolyester 67639, wherein the material of the cap, in particular in addition, contains one or more of the following ingredients: additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents, in particular the material of the cap has a dye and the end wall for certain wavelength components opaque or absorbent is trained.

A particular embodiment of the invention provides that the plastic film consists of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable bioplastic based on cellulose, polylactic acid or starch,

wherein the material of the cap, in particular in addition, contains one or more of the following constituents:

- Binders, additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents.

To create caps with circular end walls can be provided that the part of the punch during their radially directed away from its center movement in step c) along a about a central axis spirally outwardly extending and widening curve are rotated.

In order to enable an improved diffusion of substances through the end wall, it can be provided that, in particular by means of a laser, laser array or a heated microneedle or nanoneedle or an array of heated microneedles or nanotubes or by etching, holes, in particular microholes or nanoholes, in the end wall are formed. If laser arrays or arrays of heated microneedles or nanopipes are used, there is the advantage that a large number of holes can be created simultaneously.

A cap with knobs can preferably be made if each partial stamp comprises a survey for the formation of nubs, wherein when forming the end wall of the cap the nubs are formed by pressing the projections in the material of the end wall to be formed.

An advantageous embodiment of the cap can be provided when the cap has a number of nubs on the end wall, wherein the nubs, in particular radially the same, have a distance from the center of the end wall. The knobs allow the user of the cap to recognize the differences in thickness or portions of the cap with a special permeability. This simplifies the application and also allows targeted application of partial areas on the points to be examined.

In order to make visible and to produce several areas with different properties, it is provided that the end wall of the covering cap has a number of partial areas with different thicknesses, each of which is delimited in each case by a number of annularly arranged dimples. It is advantageous if the nubs have a different, in particular a smaller, wall thickness than the end wall.

A cap for DNA analysis can be provided by the indicator comprises a reagent, in particular primer, for DNA analysis, in particular for adapter sequences and / or protein sequencing.

It is advantageous if the reaction substance for DNA analysis is mixed with at least one release agent selected from the group comprising: polydimethylsiloxane, 100% methyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 5% phenyl, 95% dimethyl; Polycyanopropylphenylsiloxane, 25% cyanopropyl, 25% phenylmethyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 14% phenyl, 86% dimethyl; Polycyanopropylphenylmethylsiloxane, 6% cyanopropylphenyl, 94% dimethyl; Polyphenylmethylcyano siloxane, 6% phenyl, 6% cyano, 88% methyl; Polyethylene glycol; Polyethylene glycol-2-nitroterephthalsäureester.

To augment the DNA it is envisioned that the indicator comprises one or more DNA amplification agents.

An advantageous embodiment of the cap is provided when the indicator comprises a DNA cleaning and / or detection fluid.

A further advantageous embodiment of the cap is provided when the cap has at least one guide and / or at least one insertion aid, wherein the guide and / or at least one insertion aid is respectively designed such that upon insertion into a meter a defined orientation of the cap to the meter can be specified. The guide and insertion aids make it possible to introduce the cap into a measuring device or the like with a defined orientation and thus for example specify the orientation of the electrodes relative to the measuring device or the application rotation. Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings. The invention is illustrated schematically below with reference to particularly advantageous, but not limiting exemplary embodiments in the drawings and is described by way of example with reference to the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cap according to the invention in cross section. Fig. 2 shows the cap shown in Fig. 1 from above. Fig. 3 shows a cap according to a particularly simple embodiment of the invention in cross section. Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b show an alternative of the first embodiment of the cap with nubs. Fig. 3c and Fig. 3d show a further alternative of the first embodiment of the cap. Fig. 4 is a first embodiment of a cap according to the invention in section. Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a cover according to the invention in section. Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of a cap according to the invention in section. Fig. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of a cap according to the invention in section. 8 and 9 show several variants of the arrangement of the indicator in the wall of a cap. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of a cap according to the invention for this purpose. Fig. 11 shows a sixth embodiment of a cap according to the invention with a view towards the end wall. Fig. 12 shows a seventh embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 13 shows an eighth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 14 shows a ninth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 15 shows a preferred embodiment of the ninth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 16 shows a tenth embodiment of the invention with a barrier. Fig. 17 shows an eleventh embodiment of a cap according to the invention with a carrier. Fig. 18 shows a twelfth embodiment of a cap according to the invention with an excipient. Fig. 19 shows a thirteenth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 19a shows an alternative of the thirteenth embodiment of the cap. Fig. 20 shows a fourteenth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. FIG. 21 shows a first combination of a measuring device with a cap according to the invention. FIG. 22 shows a second embodiment of the inventive combination of a measuring device with a cap according to the invention. Fig. 23 shows a third embodiment of the inventive combination of a measuring device with a cap according to the invention. Fig. 24 shows an application of the combination of a measuring device with an inventive Cap. Fig. 25 shows a further application of the cover caps according to the invention. Fig. 26 shows a fifteenth embodiment of the cap of the present invention for administration of an administering substance. Fig. 27 shows a sixteenth embodiment of a measuring device with a cap according to the invention. Fig. 28a to 28c show a seventeenth embodiment of the cap according to the invention in section. Fig. 28d shows an alternative of the seventeenth embodiment of the cap. Fig. 28e shows the thirteenth embodiment of the cap with a dispensing element. Fig. 29 shows an eighteenth embodiment of the cap according to the invention. Figs. 29a and 29b show alternatives of the seventeenth and eighteenth embodiments of the cap. Fig. 30 shows a nineteenth embodiment of the cap according to the invention. Fig. 31 a and 31 b show a twentieth embodiment of the cap. Fig. 32 shows a fourth combination of a measuring device with a cap according to the invention. Fig. 33 shows a fifth combination of a cap according to the invention with a measuring device. Fig. 34 shows a twenty-first embodiment of the cap according to the invention. Fig. 34a and Fig. 34b show alternatives of the twenty-first embodiment of the cap Fig. 35a to 35c show variants of a twenty-second embodiment of a cap according to the invention in section. Fig. 36 shows a twenty-third embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 37 shows a twenty-fourth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 38 shows a twenty-fifth embodiment of a cap according to the invention. Fig. 38a and Fig. 34b an alternative embodiment of the cap. Fig. 38c and Fig. 38d show further alternatives of the embodiments of the cap. Fig. 39a shows a twenty-sixth embodiment of a cap according to the invention in section. Fig. 40 shows a plastic film with which the cap is formed. Fig. 41 shows the end face of the punch and its part punches. Fig. 41 a shows the end face of an alternative punch and its partial punch. Fig. 42 shows the penetration of the partial punch in the plastic film. Fig. 43 shows the expansion of the partial punch and the formation of the end face of the cap. Fig. 43a shows the formation of the end face of the cap with an alternative stamp. Fig. 44 shows the movement of the partial punch for forming a circular end face. Fig. 45 shows the movement of the part punches for forming a rectangular end face. Fig. 46 and 47 show the formation of different thickness shell wall sections of the cap. Fig. 48 shows the completion of the cap by separating from the plastic film. Fig. 48b and Fig. 48c show an embodiment of the production of Cover cap with a clip. In Fig. 49a and Fig. 49b is a production variant or the application of the indicator 1 1 is shown. FIG. 50 shows a further production variant of the cover cap 10. FIG. 51 shows a further production method of the application of the indicator to the plastic film. FIGS. 52a to 52d show variant embodiments of a twenty-seventh embodiment of the cover cap. FIGS. 53a and 53b show an embodiment of the production of the cover cap. FIGS. 54 and 55 show further embodiments of the manufacturing method of the cap.

In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of a cap according to the invention 10 in cross section (section line I a in Fig. 2) is shown. The same cap 10 is shown in Fig. 2 from below according to the indicated in Fig. 1 section line I b. This cap 10 has a wall which separates the environment of the cap from an interior 37. The wall of the cap 10 comprises a circular end wall 1, which is bounded by a peripheral edge 4 and a jacket wall 2. At the peripheral edge 4 of the end wall 1, the shell wall 2 connects, which is continued at its end facing away from the end wall 1 of a base wall 3 , The casing wall 2 is formed in the following embodiment, approximately widening conically and is in the region of the peripheral edge 4 at an angle α of 75 ° from the end wall 1 to the outside. 1 . The interior space 37 is bounded by the casing wall 2 and the end wall 1 adjoining the casing wall 2. The interior 37 with its inner surface which extends over the casing wall 2 and end wall 1 is separated from the outer region of the cap 10 by the wall and shields the interior 37 from the environment of the cap 10. At the outer region of the cap or the environment facing Side of the cap 10, an outer side 35 of the cap 10 extends over the surface of the casing wall 2 and the end wall. 1 The outer side 35 lies on the side of the wall or jacket wall 2 opposite the inner side of the inner space 35 and the end wall 1 of the covering cap 10.

The end wall 1 has a very small wall thickness d _s of 10 μηι, advantageously, this can the wall thickness d _s in a range between 0.01 μηι and 20 μηι, in particular in a range of 3 μηι to 20 μηι lie. The end wall 1 has in the present case a diameter of 5 mm. Basically, this diameter can be in a very wide range, particularly advantageous are diameters in the range between 2 mm and 20 mm, which, depending on the application, even larger diameters of up to 100 mm may well find application. Alternatively, the wall thickness d _{s of} the end wall 1 may also have a logarithmic or exponential profile.

An alternative, not shown embodiment of the invention has, instead of a circular structure of the end wall 1 a square end wall 1, which has a substantially equal wall surface, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and has an edge length of about 10 mm. Alternatively, the end wall 1 may also be rectangular, square or elliptical, wherein the side edges of the end wall 1 may have a length between 2 mm and 40 mm, in particular between 5 mm and 8 mm.

In the illustrated in Fig. 1 the first embodiment of the invention, the jacket 2 of the cap 10 is formed in three parts and includes in the vicinity of the end wall 1 adjoining the peripheral edge 4, first thickening portion 7 having a thickness di, in the present embodiment, a thickness di was Range selected between 150 and 250 μηι for the first thickening section. The thickness di of the shell wall 2 in the first thickening section 7 exceeds the thickness d _{s of} the end wall 1 and is in the present embodiment 5 μηι to 8 μηι. The first thickening portion 7 is formed circumferentially, wherein the first thickening portion 7 is limited circular on the end remote from the end wall 1, and wherein in this boundary region, an intermediate portion 8 connects to the first thickening portion 7.

In the intermediate section 8, the jacket wall 2 has a thickness d ₂ , which is smaller than the thickness di of the shell wall 2 in the first thickening section 7. In the present embodiment, a thickness of 50 to 150 μηι is selected as thickness d _{2 of} the shell wall 2 in the intermediate section 8 , The intermediate section 8 is circularly delimited on its end remote from the first thickening section 7, with a second thickening section 9 adjoining this circular boundary, in which the thickness d _{3 of} the casing wall 2 is greater than the thickness d _{2 of} the casing wall 2 in the intermediate section 8 present embodiment, a thickness d _{3 was selected} in the range between 150 and 250 μηι for the first thickening section. In the present case, the second thickening section 9 adjoins the end wall of the casing wall 2 remote from the end wall 1; in particular, the second thickening section 9 directly adjoins the base wall 3. Due to this special design, the jacket wall 2 has a circumferential section 8 in the form of the intermediate section 8, in which the thickness d _{2 is} less than the thickness d _{3 of} the shell wall 2 in the region of the end wall facing away from the end wall 1 of the shell wall 2. The thickness the lateral wall 2 decreases steadily or continuously in the axial or radial direction, starting from the thickness di in the first thickening region 7 and reaches a minimum in the intermediate section 8, then the thickness of the lateral wall 2 in the second thickening region 9 increases to that of the end wall 1 far end of the lateral surface too.

The thickness of the casing wall 2 has a continuous over the casing wall 2, kink and edging free course. As far as necessary for the following considerations, the average thickness in this section is understood in each case as the thickness of the casing wall 2 in the respective section 7, 8, 9 of the casing wall 2.

The base wall 3, which continues the jacket wall 2 at the end remote from the end wall 1, runs parallel to the end wall 1 in the present exemplary embodiment. Alternatively, however, the base wall 3 could also extend at an angle of 10 ° to the end wall 1 to the outside and from the end wall 1 away. Preferably, the base wall 3 is from the casing wall 2 to the outside, with increasing the radial distance of the normal distance of the base wall 3 rises from the end wall.

The base wall 3 is annular in the present embodiment and formed parallel to the end wall 1 and has an outer diameter of 21 mm and an inner diameter of 18 mm. The circular ring width is in the present case 1, 5 mm.

Furthermore, the cover cap 10 has latching recesses 5a (FIG. 3) on the inside of the casing wall 2, which allow a detachable attachment to a measuring device 100 (FIGS. 21 to 24). In the present embodiment, two locking recesses 5a are arranged so that they are opposite to each other on the casing wall 2 of the cap 10. Alternatively, instead of latching recesses 5a also not shown latching projections 5b may be provided. In principle, the purpose of the latching recesses 5a and latching projections 5b is to achieve latching with a measuring device 100 or with latching recesses 125a and / or latching protrusions 125b arranged on the measuring device 100. The latching recesses and latching projections may also be circumferential, preferably annular, formed. In particular, a circumferential locking projection or a circumferential recess in which the end wall 1 far end of the cap 10 or in the vicinity of the base wall 3 of the cap 10 may be formed. This has the advantage that the - usually rotationally symmetrical - cap can be plugged or applied without regard to the orientation of the meter 100 or on a therapy device.

The two recesses 5a are formed in the present embodiment as recesses on the inside of the casing wall 2 in the region of the second thickening portion 9 and extend approximately at an angle ßi, ß ₂ of 20 ° relative to the casing wall 2. The recesses 5a protrude about 60 μηι in the second thickening region 9 inside.

In the present embodiment, the entire cap 10 is formed of the same material and made of plastic. In the present case PETG was used, which is mixed with a small amount of colorants. The use of dyes for the cover caps 10 makes it possible to distinguish between different cover caps 10 with different material properties, in particular with different thickness d _{s of} the end wall 1. However, it is also possible to make the front wall 1 for certain wavelength components opaque or absorbent by adding dyes.

Instead of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol) it is also possible to use plastics known from the prior art, such as polyethylene or polypropylene or mixtures thereof.

In alternative embodiments of the invention, the cap consists of one of the following substances or a mixture of the following substances: PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PC (polycarbonate), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PS (polystyrene ), ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate), ECOTERM S 900 T1. In this case, one or more of the following constituents may additionally be added to the material of the covering cap 10: additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing materials, PETG / copolyester 6763.

Furthermore, a suitable choice of material from the prior art known bioplastics or compostable or degradable plastics based on Cellulose, polylactic acid or starch, and mixtures thereof. In this case, in particular one or more of the following constituents may additionally be added to the material of the covering cap 10: binders, additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing materials.

By the concrete selection of the chain length of the individual molecular chains of the polyethylene, polypropylene or PETG it can be determined for which chemical compounds the front wall 1 is permeable or for which chemical compounds the end wall 1 is impermeable. For example, it is possible to measure certain samples such as blood, urine, sweat or faeces and living samples, such as skin, whereby only certain, desired for the measurement ingredients can diffuse through the end wall 1, such as sodium, potassium, chlorine, magnesium Vitamins, hormones, glycose, alcohol, trace elements and water vapor, but other components of the sample can not or only after a very long time in the range of hours by the front wall 1 diffuse, such as water, saliva, blood, urine, feces or pus. Alternatively, the wall of the cap 10, the end wall 1 and / or the shell wall 2 comprise an antibacterial, self-cleaning coating, lotus coating or a coating with titanium effect. Thus, certain components of the sample can be targeted or neutralized. Furthermore, it can be provided that the covering cap 10 or parts thereof comprise a contamination-indicating coating, which comprises, in particular, biodor. The coating is designed such that the contact with impurities can be displayed.

By choosing shorter chains arise holes in the respective plastic or in the respective plastic structure, so that larger molecules can diffuse through the end wall 1. The longer the chain molecules are selected, the closer the plastic structure runs and the smaller must molecules be to penetrate the end wall 1 can. Furthermore, the thickness d _{s of} the end wall 1 also determines the permeability, since molecules can more easily diffuse through a thinner end wall 1 than through a thicker end wall 1. If, due to specifications concerning the stability of the end wall 1, a certain thickness is required, alternatively microholes or nanoholes 6 with a diameter of 0.1 nm to 5 μm, at most up to 400 μm, can be inserted into the end wall 1, for example with a microneedle or a Laser beam, to be created.

Alternatively, it is also possible to achieve holes 6 in the end face 1 with chemical processes, such as etching. To further damage the end face 1 to avoid, this is cleaned after the creation of the holes of the respective etchant, in particular rinsed.

Since the molecular size of water is 0.3 nm and the molecular size of water vapor is 0.1 nm, by providing holes having a diameter of less than 0.3 nm, water can not permeate through the end surface. From a diameter of the holes or pores of 1 nm, water passes slowly through the end face 1 into the interior of the hygiene cap. With a measurement time of 3 seconds, the holes or pores can also be selected with 3 to 4 nm, since the water diffuses less rapidly through the face than the vapor. If a cap 10 with holes having a thickness of about 3 to 4 nm with the end face 1 first immersed in water, this requires depending on the thickness of the end face for about 1 minute until it has penetrated the end face 1.

Due to the uniformity of the material, the individual parts of the cap 10 have substantially the same properties. Only through the respective thickness d _{s of} the end wall 1, the shell wall 2 and the base wall 3 special permeabilities for certain substances or radiations can be achieved. Thus, the end wall 1 can be made particularly thin in the course of the manufacturing process, so that it allows the diffusion or flow of certain materials, such as gases, liquids, atoms, molecules, compounds.

The jacket wall 2 can also have a number of openings or holes (not shown) and / or a higher radiation, vapor, moisture, particle, and / or light transmission than the end wall 1 have. Due to the higher permeability of the jacket wall 2 generates a chimney effect whereby the diffusion is increased in or through the end wall.

The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that only the differences between the two illustrated exemplary embodiments will be discussed in detail. The height hi of the adjoining the end wall 1 section 8 corresponds approximately to the height h ₂ of the end wall 1 distant thickening section. 7

The shell wall 2 is divided in the present embodiment into two sections 7, 8, wherein both sections 7, 8 are formed circumferentially and the sections 7, 8 adjacent to each other and between these two sections 7, 8 a circular boundary line extends, whose points each to the end wall 1 have the same normal distance. The thickness of the casing wall 2 decreases from the end wall 1, seen in the axial or radial direction, to the end of the end wall 1 far end of the casing wall 2 towards continuously.

3a and 3b show an alternative of the first embodiment of the cover cap 10 with nubs 53 in a sectional view (FIG. 3a) and in a plan view (FIG. 3b). On the end wall 1 of the cap 10, a number of nubs 53 is formed, wherein the nubs 53 rise from the interior 37 side facing away from the end wall 1 to the outside. The nubs 53 have the shape of pockets with a semicircular tip in which the interior 37 continues. The interior 37 is connected to the respective volume of the nubs 53. The thickness of the end wall 1 is radially seen from the center of the cap 10 from constant to the knobs 53 and is radially seen after this thicker. Due to the different thickness of the end wall 1 different permeabilities can be generated at different areas of the end wall 1. As shown in Fig. 3b, the knobs 53 are preferably arranged on the same radius to the center of the end wall 1 arranged annularly and thus delimit the zones of different permeabilities within the end wall 1 visible.

FIGS. 3c and 3d show a further alternative of the first embodiment of the covering cap 10. The end wall 1 of the covering cap 10 comprises a number of subregions with different thicknesses. The thickness increases radially outward toward each subregion, whereby the innermost subregion, ie the one in the center of the end wall 1, is thinnest, the second subregion is then made thicker and the third subregion, which lies at the edge of the end wall 1, points the biggest thickness up. The individual sections are each separated by annular, seen from the center of the end wall 1, arranged nubs 53a, 53b. The first nubs 53a are each arranged in a ring on the same radius and separate the first and the second portion. The second nubs 53b are also arranged annularly and separate the second portion from the third portion. By separating the subregions with the nubs 53a, 53b, the different thicknesses of the subregions, which can be in the nanometer range and are difficult or impossible to detect with the naked eye, can be visually made visible.

Alternatively, a plurality of sub-areas on the end wall 1 of the cap 10 may be formed, which are arranged annularly or otherwise, for example, in adjacent squares, which in turn may each be delimited by nubs 53. Alternatively, the nubs 53 may also have other shapes. For example, the shape of the nubs 53 may correspond to a semicircular dome. The nubs 53 may each have different wall thicknesses or thicknesses and / or have the same thickness as a partial area. Furthermore, the dimension and the arrangement of the dimples 53 can also be designed differently, for example, a single nub 53 can also be formed in the center of the end wall 1, which spans part of the end wall 1.

The nubs 53, 53a, 53b may also be distributed on the end wall 1, wherein the end wall 1 has a uniform thickness over the course. The thickness of the wall of the nubs 53, 53a, 53b can also be less than or greater than the thickness of the end wall 1 and so in the nubs 53, 53a, 53b, the permeability be different from the remaining part of the end wall 1. Thus, further, for example, the end wall 1 only in the region of the knobs 53, 53 a, 53 permeable and impermeable in the remaining region of the end wall 1.

FIGS. 4 to 16 show detailed views of embodiments of covering caps 10 according to the invention, wherein the area of the end wall 1 is shown enlarged.

4, the first embodiment of a cap 10 according to the invention is shown. On the surface of the wall of the cap 10 in detail, an indicator 1 1 is superficially arranged in the region of the end wall 1 on the outwardly facing outer side 35. The indicator 1 1 changes in the presence of a substance 20 its chemical, electrical, optical or thermal properties or state and thus indicates the presence of the substance 20 at. The indicator 1 1 can permanently or temporarily change its chemical, electrical, optical or thermal properties. The indicator 1 1 is different from the material of the cap 10 and the end wall 1.

Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the indicator 1 1 is disposed within the wall of the cap 10. The indicator 1 1 is in this case integrated into the wall of the end wall 1 in the environment of the surface facing the outside 5. The substance 20 comes with the indicator 1 1 when placing the cap on the object to be tested in contact and the indicator 1 1 detects the presence of the substance 20 its chemical, electrical, optical or thermal properties. Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the indicator 1 1 within the wall of the cap 10, in particular in this embodiment, within the wall of the end wall 1, integrated. The substance 20 penetrates into the cap 10 on the end wall 1 and passes through diffusion through the substance 20 permeable to the formation of the end wall 1, as described in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the cap 10 and thus passes to the indicator first 1 . The indicator 1 1 changes upon contact with the substance 20 its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property.

As an alternative to the arrangements of the indicator 1 1 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the indicator 1 1 can also be positioned within the wall of the cap 10 at other positions, for example within the shell wall 2 or superficially at this.

Fig. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the cap 10 for the detection of substances 20, while the indicator 1 1 is arranged such that it is disposed within the end wall 1 and the end wall 1 from the outside facing to the environment 35 to the through the wall of the Cover cap formed interior 37 completely penetrated.

FIG. 8 shows several variants of the alternative arrangement of the indicator 11. The indicator 1 1 may for example be integrated in the wall of the cap 10 and point to the interior 37 superficially, or be arranged on the surface of the interior 37. The outer surface 35 facing surface of the cap 10 can be connected to the indicator 1 1 via channels or microholes 6 or nano-holes, as described for Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, whereby the fabric 20 from the outside 35 of the cap 10 for Indicator 1 1 arrives. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the indicator 1 1 is integrated on or within the surface of the cap, wherein from the indicator to the interior 37 of the cap 10 micro holes 6 can lead. Furthermore, it is possible that the indicator 1 1 is disposed within the wall of the cap 10 and is each connected by a channel 6 with the outside facing the environment 35 and connected to the interior 37 of the cap 10 with another channel, nanoholes or micro holes 6 is. The substance 20 thus reaches the indicator 1 1 to different variants, wherein the indicator 1 1 changes one of its physical, electrical, chemical or thermal property. The change in the property of the indicator 1 1 is characterized by a within the Cover cap 10 disposable meter 100 (see Fig. 21 to 24) or therapy device detectable and thus the presence of the substance 20 on the indicator 1 1 detected by the meter 100. By way of the size of the microholes 6, as described with reference to FIG. 1, a selection or filtering of the substances 20 can take place, which are to be detected by the indicator 11. It is also possible, through the thickness of the wall, in particular the end wall 1, as already described to Fig. 1, to adjust the fusion or the knitting of the plastic structure to detect smaller molecules of the substances 20 with the indicator 1 1, but larger To shield molecules or contaminants, such as feces, saliva, urine, blood or pus, through the wall of the cap 10.

FIG. 9 shows further variants of indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, 1 1 c, 1 1 d arranged within the wall or on its surface. If these indicators are in the same wall, several substances 20 can be detected by differently designed indicators 11a to 11d. The indicator 1 1 a is integrated within the wall of the cap 10 and detects a substance 20 a. The indicator 11 b detects another substance 20b and is arranged on the surface of the wall. The indicator 1 1 b is connected by micro-holes with the interior 37. Another indicator 1 1 c is disposed within the wall of the cap near the surface of the Innraum 37 facing part of the wall. A substance 20c diffuses through the wall of the cap 10 to the substance 1 1 c, where it is detected again. A further indicator 1 1 d is arranged on the surface of the outer side 35 of the covering cap 10 facing the surroundings and detects a further substance 20d. The indicator 1 1 d is connected by micro-holes 6 with the interior 35 of the cap 10. Alternatively, it can be provided that a plurality of indicators, for example the indicator 1 1 a and the indicator 1 1 d, detect the same substance 20a or 20d and a local presence due to the local arrangement of the detectors 11a, 11b, of substance 20.

Fig. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the cap 10, wherein the cap 10 is formed square and a plurality of similar indicators 1 1 detect a local presence of a substance 20. Thus, a local distribution of the substance 20 can be detected within the object to be examined.

Fig. 11 shows a sixth embodiment of the cap 10, wherein two indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b are superficially arranged on the wall or within the wall of the cap 10, wherein the first indicator 1 1 a in the center of the circular trained end wall 1 is arranged and another indicator 1 1 b is arranged concentrically with the first indicator 1 1 a ring around this.

Likewise, alternatively, in one embodiment of the covering cap 10 according to FIGS. 3 a to 3 d, the indicator 1 1 can also be arranged within the volume of the nubs 53 or can be arranged exclusively within the wall or the volume of the nubs 53. Thus, for example, by changing the state of the indicator 1 1 only within certain nubs 53, the local presence of the substance can be detected.

The indicators shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 can change their physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property either irreversibly or for a limited time. With a time-limited change in the property of the indicator 1 1, the indicator 1 1, however, is designed such that the duration of the reaction T _{R of} the indicator 1 1 with the substance to be indexed 20 is substantially shorter than the decay time T _A , in which the indicator 1 1 returns to its original state.

The indicator 1 1 can change its property in different ways, for example by chemical reaction with the substance 20. It is also possible that the indicator 1 1 detected by color change the substance 20. In a color change of the indicator 1 1, an embodiment of the cap according to the invention provides that the wall, in particular the end wall 1 or the casing wall 2 is colorless in the environment of the indicator or is colored in a contrasting color corresponding to the indicator 1 1. As a result, an optical detection of the indication of the substance 20 by the indicator 1 1 can be detected more easily. Furthermore, it is provided that the indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... or the indicator 1 1 changes only after exceeding a concentration threshold of the substance 20, the physical, chemical, optical or thermal properties. It is also possible that the indicator 1 1 changes its optical property upon contact with the substance 20 and changes its properties for certain wavelength components compared to the initial state transparent or opaque or reflective or absorbent. This is particularly advantageous if the change in the optical property, in particular its optical interaction properties, preferably optical material attenuation and / or its optical window and / or optical modes and / or optical scattering and / or optical absorption, takes place in a wavelength range of visible light. Furthermore, it is provided that a plurality of indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... are arranged within or superficially on the wall of the cap 10, wherein the Indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... are also arranged on different walls, for example the indicator 1 1 a on the end wall 1 and on the jacket wall 2 of the indicator 1 1 b. For the indicator 1 1 all suitable from the prior art indicators can be used. A selection of suitable indicators is given in Table 1, the purpose of which is indicated in the second column for the individual indicators.

Indicator substances Example of use

pH indicators (acid-base titrations) Optical detection; pH (acid, e.g., litmus, bromothymol blue, or base detection); acidic, alkaline or phenolphthalein. neutral solution / substance

By using overlay by the

Color spectrum of the cap 10. Cover area (s) Definition (s) Choice of the illumination source (spectrum)

Skin characterization: indicator substance

Also biological substances can be used: with contact with the skin or with the introduction of red cabbage juice in the excretions of the skin such as sweat cap as a pH indicator. The one in the etc.

Red cabbage juice contained cyanidin dye

can have colors from red = acid to blue = Several pH indicators in

assume alkaline (in even more different

it becomes green in the alkaline environment and even 10 in the case of pH cap areas 10). Depending on the type of preparation, several transshipment areas or

Red cabbage vegetables take a more red color change polls and

Dyeing (about by adding allow overlays

Pieces of apple or some vinegar), or one

violet to blue color (preparation with

basic household soda),

what is also the common name of red cabbage

expresses.

Alternative: tea drinkers know the

Dependence of tea color on acidity:

Becomes the black tea lemon juice

admitted, then the color changes from

dark brown on light reddish brown. This too

Color change is on dyes in tea

that act like indicators.

This tea and / or red cabbage juice is using

Pipette applied and the water

evaporated. In consequence of the biological

Indicator selection is a direct contact

also possible with wounded skin. Redox indicators (for redox titrations) The simplest use of redox indicators is the determination of the end point in redox titrations (oxidimetry).

Common redox indicators are:

• Methylene blue

• Neutral red

• Ferroin

• dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP)

Complex indicators (in complexometry) Possible application is the dimensional analysis of the concentration of metal ions, for example the complexometric titration. A typical application is water hardness determination.

Known complexometric indicators:

• Murexide

• Tiron

• Thorin

• Calconic acid

• Eriochrome black T

• diphenylcarbazone

• xylenol orange

• Fura-2

• Calcein

Solvatochrome indicators Solvatochrome indicators change theirs

Color after the surrounding solvent.

Brookers merocyanine

Thermoindicators (to display a thermochromic

Temperature range) liquid crystals (n)

Mixed indicator Mixed indicators are mixtures of different indicators, which extends the cargo handling area or creates multiple cargo handling areas become.

Tashiro

Contrast indicator Contrast indicators usually consist of an indicator and a dye that retains its color. This addition enhances the contrast of the envelope area. A common example of a contrast indicator is Eriochrome Black T mixed with methyl orange.

Moisture indicators Cobalt chloride offset silica gel (blue gel), which changes to purple or pink when exposed to moisture.

Fluorescence indicator Fluorescence indicators are substances that change their fluorescence at the equivalence point of a titration. Also referred to as fluorescent indicators are phosphors which are added to the stationary phase (separation layer) of plates for thin-layer chromatography. They make it possible to detect colorless substances under a UV lamp due to fluorescence quenching.

Enzymes (biochemical catalyst) Example Catalase: catalyzes the reaction

Group 1: oxidoreductases of two molecules of hydrogen peroxide

• Group II: transferases to oxygen and two molecules of water and is thus involved in the degradation of reactive

• Group III: hydrolases

Oxygen species involved. She needs

• Group IV: lyases (synthases) heme iron (pronounced iron), let it

• Group V: Isomerases detect iron deficiency.

Group VI: Ligases (synthetases)

Allergen (s) allergy detection

Zymase, cofactor e.g. Glucose detection

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, yeast

Oxygen, e.g. Glucose detection

Enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) e.g. Glucose detection

Yeast and / or boronic acid e.g. Glucose detection

Carbon dioxide e.g. Ammonia detection

Acid-base indicator phenolphthalein e.g. Ammonia detection

Urea, e.g. Ammonia detection

Enzyme urease urea detection

Catalase metabolism of sugar, hydrogen peroxide

Hexachlorobenzene, bay oil, pomegranate, HCB

Kaliander oil

Noderboden mushrooms, bacteria

Travel Extract Nutrient medium for cultures, fungus etc. Determination

Tetra-ethyl-ammonium hydroxide medium for culture, fungus etc. determination

Acids reaction product measurement

Alkalis reaction product measurement

Acid-alkaline solutions Combinations reaction product measurement

Alkalis (oxides, soda-lime) e.g. hormone detection

Table 1

Fig. 12 shows a seventh embodiment of the cap 10. In the end wall 1 of the cap 10 is near the environment facing outside 35 of the end wall 1, a first indicator 1 1 a arranged and on the interior 37 of the cap 10 facing surface another indicator 1 1 b arranged. The first indicator 1 1 a changes its property upon contact with a substance 20 and forms a messenger substance 23 upon contact with the substance 20. The messenger substance 23 is guided by the indicator 1 1 a via microchannels 6 or by diffusion through the wall of the end wall 1 to the second indicator 1 1 b, said second indicator 1 1 b reacts with the messenger substance 23 and indicates its presence or indexed , Thus, for example, a substance which is difficult to detect can be converted into a more easily detectable messenger 23 by contact with the first indicator 11a and reaction with the first indicator 11a, and its concentration can be indicated by the second indicator 11b.

Fig. 13 shows an eighth embodiment of the cap 10 for the detection of substances. In the end wall 1 of the cap 10, two indicators 1 1 a and 1 1 b are arranged on the surface facing the environment of the end wall 1. At the interior 37 facing surface of the end wall 1 of the cap 10, a calculator 22 is arranged, which comprises a calculator substance. The calculator 22 is connected via micro channels 6 or through a permeable for the Soff 20 wall portion of the wall with the indicator 1 1 a and the indicator 1 1 b. The indicator 1 1 a now detects the presence of a substance 20 a and changes its chemical, thermal, optical or physical property, the indicator 1 1 b changes its chemical, physical, thermal or optical property in the presence of another substance 20 b. The calculator substance of the calculator 22 is sensitive to the changes of the indicator 1 1 a and the indicator 1 1 b and can thereby change indicate by their chemical, thermal, optical or physical properties the presence of both substances20a and 20b. Furthermore, the indicators 11a, 11b can also form messenger substances 23a and 23b upon contact with the substances 20a or 20b which the calculator then detects. Alternatively, it is possible for the calculator 22 to also indicate the presence of the substance 20 or the change in the property of the indicator 11a under the condition that the substance 20b is not detected by the indicator 11b or the indicator 11, analogously to a logic circuit b do not change the property or vice versa. This principle can also be applied to several other combinations and indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, 1 1 c, etc. With the help of the indicators and the calculator 22 or more calculators 22a, 22b, ... a logical circuit can be built. Thus, a complex substance composition can be analyzed by individual substances 20a, 20b, ... are detected by means of different or similar indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, .. and a logical link with the calculator 22 or the calculators 22a, 22b , ... are displayed.

Fig. 14 shows a ninth embodiment of the cap 10. In the wall of the cap 10, in this embodiment in the end wall 1, an indicator 1 1 is disposed on the interior 35 facing surface. On the environment-facing outer side 35 of the cap 10, a reaction substance 13 is arranged. By the reaction substance 13, a chemical reaction or a different kind of reaction can be caused on the object to be measured, which causes the production of a substance 20. This substance 20 diffuses through the wall of the cap 10 to the indicator 1 1 and is detected by this. For example, allergic reactions to allergens can be tested by reacting substance 13 as an allergen and triggering an allergic reaction on the skin of a subject or patient by detecting substance 20 formed by the allergic reaction using indicator 1 1 or a measuring device is detected. The excreted by application of the allergen to the skin substance 20 is especially water vapor. This can be determined either by the indicator 1 1 of the cap or a covered by the cap meter.

FIG. 15 shows a preferred embodiment of the covering cap 10 for this embodiment, wherein a plurality of reaction substances 13, in particular allergens, are arranged within the wall or on its surface. This can include a variety of foods or allergenic substances analogous to the common allergy testing. A selection of suitable allergens is given in Table 2. The most important allergens for food intolerance tests and others

skin tests

1 . Gluten-containing cereal

namely wheat (such as spelled and Khorasan wheat), rye, barley, oats or

Hybrid strains thereof, and products made therefrom

except:

a) Wheat-based glucose syrups including dextrose

b) wheat-based maltodextrins

c) barley-based glucose syrups

(d) cereals for the manufacture of alcoholic distillates, including ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin

2. Crustaceans and products derived therefrom

3. Eggs and derived products

4. Fish and derived products

5. Peanuts and products derived from them

6. Soybeans and derived products

7. Milk and products thereof (including lactose)

8. nuts or almonds (Amygdalus communis L.)

o Hazelnuts (Corylus avellana)

o walnuts (Juglans regia)

o Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale)

o pecans (Carya illinoiesis (cheek) K. Koch)

o Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa)

o Pistachios (Pistacia vera)

o Macadamia or Queensland nuts (Macadamia ternifolia)

9. Celery and derived products

10. Mustard and products derived therefrom

1 1. Sesame seeds and products derived therefrom

12. Sulfur dioxide and sulphites

13. Lupines and products derived therefrom

14. molluscs and products derived therefrom

15. Grasses

16. Animal hair allergens

17. Pollen allergens

18. Dust mite allergens

Table 2 In a tenth embodiment of the invention, which is shown in Fig. 16, it is provided that the indicator 1 1 or parts of the wall of the cap 10 are separated or encapsulated with a barrier 21 from the environment of the cap 10. The barrier 21 is destructible by external excitation, such as pressure or friction, or becomes permeable to the substance 20 by external excitation. Thus, for example, the barrier 21 can be broken only when the covering cap is applied to the object to be tested, and the indicator 11 is made accessible to the substance 20. This prevents contamination of the indicator 11 or an unwanted indication of the substance 20 from taking place prematurely. Furthermore, it is possible that the indicator 1 1, in particular by pressure on the cap 10, is pressed beyond the barrier 21 addition. For example, substances which melt on contact with the skin, such as beeswax, emulsions, waxes, oils, fats, can serve as barrier 21. After melting, the indicator is exposed and sensitive.

Alternatively, the cap 10 may include another indicator, such as a pH indicator, embedded in or coated with the wall of the cap 10 or part of the cap 10. Upon contact with the skin, this further indicator then discolors and thus indicates a one-time use of the cap 10 visible. Since the skin has a pH of about 5.5, any indicator that indicates this pH can be used.

Fig. 17 shows an eleventh embodiment of the cap for detecting substances. In this embodiment, the indicator 1 1 is bound non-contacting in a carrier 16 in its initial state of the substance. The carrier 16 allows for mechanical, chemical or thermal action, the contact of the substance 20 with the indicator. The carrier 16 thus prevents early contact of the substance 20 with the indicator 1 1 and an unwanted indication of the substance 20. The carrier 16 may be arranged for example on the surface of the wall of the cap 10 and the indicator 1 1 embedded in the carrier 16 be or under the support 16 in the wall or on the surface of the wall of the cap 10 may be arranged.

Carriers which release the indicator when exposed to mechanical action are, for example, activated carbon and ash.

The indicator may be exposed due to the conversion of the carrier by chemical processes. This can be done, for example, by fermentation, eg Lactic acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation, propionic acid fermentation, butyric acid fermentation, formic acid fermentation, 2,3-butanediol fermentation, malolactic fermentation, non-glycolytic fermentation, fermentation of nitrogen-containing compounds. Here, organic substances are decomposed by microbial degradation.

Carriers that release the indicator when exposed to heat include, for example, oils, fats, waxes, ...

Fig. 18 shows a twelfth embodiment of the cap 10, wherein on the environment-facing outer side 35 of the cap 10 of the indicator 1 1 is arranged. The indicator 1 1 comprises two auxiliary substances 15a, 15b. In the present case, bacteria are contained in the first auxiliary substance 15a, which can be activated by means of external excitation by heat and convert the second auxiliary substance 15b into an indicator substance. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to isolate the bacteria by other types of external stimulation, e.g. Light, irradiation or addition of other substances to activate.

The external excitation can be effected for example by a measuring device 100 arranged in the interior 37 of the covering cap with an integrated activating element 102 or externally by heat sources, excitation means, radiation sources or the like.

Alternatively, only a single auxiliary substance is present, which is a precursor to the indicator substance. This can be converted into the indicator substance by electrical, chemical, thermal excitation or irradiation.

At best, it is also possible to deactivate the indicator substance after the measurement carried out by external electrical, chemical, thermal excitation or irradiation.

A selection of suitable auxiliary substances 15 are the following substances or substances or a mixture thereof: gases, liquids, solids, air constituents, in particular CO 2 or O 2, water, water vapor, substances which occur in or on the surface of the skin, bacteria, viruses.

To activate the indicator, it is also advantageous to use gases, liquids, solids which are contained in the skin, for example from the bloodstream into the skin. Auxiliary substances that can be activated by heat and converted into the indicator or emerge from the indicator are: fragrances, adhesives, passivants. This can be exploited in particular, that such substances expand when heated, enlarge their pores and become permeable. Waxes become more permeable, oils dissolve, etc.

A thirteenth embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 19 in a sectional view. On the wall of the cap 10, a lubricant 18 or care agent 19 is applied in particular to the jacket wall 2 of the cap 10. A arranged on the jacket wall 2 lubricant 18 allows easier insertion of the cap 10 in, for example, body openings of a person or a simpler measurement or application of the cap 10 on a measurement object. A care agent 19 allows the application of a care agent 19 during the measurement or application of the cap 10 and thus allows damage or caused by the application of irritants by the care agent 19 to reduce or counteract this. The care agent 19 or lubricant 18 may optionally be arranged along the entire outer surface of the cap 10 or partially cover the surfaces of the cap 10. Furthermore, it is possible that the care agent 19 or the lubricant 18, the indicator 1 1 cover partially or completely, so that in applications of the cap 10, the lubricant 18 or care agent 19 is stripped from the cap 10 on the measurement object or the skin of the person and so access to the indicator 1 1 for the substance 20 is released.

Also, the lubricant 18 may be incorporated in the wall of the cap 10 and, for example, as shown in Fig. 19a, in the shell wall 2 of the cap 10 are.

Exemplary embodiments of cover materials which release or mask or support the indicator by means of light incidence or oxygen content are algal substances, phototrophic, aerophilic organisms, such as, for example, terrestrial cyanobacteria, since these have a high biotechnological potential due to their secondary metabolite spectrum. The substances to be detected, such as, for example, oxygen, nitrogen (N ₂ ) in ammonium (NH ₄ ⁺ ) etc. These can then be measured and determined on the basis of the changed absorption, scattering, fluorescence. , In Fig. 20, a fourteenth embodiment of the invention is shown. The covering cap 10 comprises a binding substance 12 in addition to the indicator 11. In the embodiment shown, the binding substance 12 is arranged on the surface of a wall of the covering cap 10, here on the end wall 1. The binding substance 12 captures the substance 20 and stores it in it. Furthermore, as shown, it is also possible to arrange the binding substance 12 within or around the microholes 6 or channels and thus to bind or catch the substance 20 during transport through the capillary action in the microholes 6 towards the indicator 11 , The binding substance 12 allows a preservation of substances 20 for a later evaluation or, in the case of volatile substances 20, a preservation thereof as well as controlled delivery and delivery to the indicator 11. In this case, the binding substance 12, also defined, can deliver the trapped volatile substance 20 piece by piece back to the indicator 11. This is particularly advantageous if the reaction of the volatile substance 20 with the indicator 1 1 would take longer than the substance 20 is available or the substance 20 evaporates too quickly to be detected by the indicator 1 1.

Suitable binding substances 12 are: oils, wax, salts e.g. NaCl water, steam, Epsom salts, coal e.g. Activated carbon, filters (e.g., mechanical), mineral salt, sugars, e.g. Dextrose, tannins e.g. Tanner extract, vegetable tanning agents, starch e.g. herbal, emulsions, creams, egg whites, resins, fillers and sizing agents, e.g. dissolve substances; Cromkomplexe: breakage by alkaline foot sweat; Stimulants for decay, fat, lime, gypsum, acid, bases, glues, cartilage, sediment, mollusc substances, shell substances, lophotrochocene, slug mucus, periostracum, i. Peel skin from the glycoprotein conchine, ostracum, i.e. outer prism layer of vertical lime prisms, hypostracum, i. inner mother-of-pearl layer of lime aragonite, lophotrochozoa.

As an alternative to the embodiments described above, it is possible that the indicator 1 1 is arranged on the outer surface of the cap 10 at different portions, such as the end wall 1 or the shell wall 2. Furthermore, it is possible that a plurality of indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... are arranged at different locations of the cap 10. It is also possible that a plurality of indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... different substances 20a, 20b, ... detect or sensitive to different substances 20a, 20b, ... and thus different substances or different concentrations can detect at different positions and portions of the wall of the cap 10. Combination meter and detector cap

FIG. 21 shows a first embodiment of the combination of a measuring device 100 with a covering cap 10 according to the invention according to one of the previously described embodiments. This measuring device 100 has a housing 126, which comprises a tapered housing part 121, which is covered by a cap 10. At the end of the tapered housing part 121, an end face 122 is arranged at or behind which a sensor or detector 101 is located. In the present exemplary embodiment, the conically tapering housing part 121 has an opening in the region of the end face 122 which leads to the detector 101, so that the substances 20a, 20b, gases and / or substances to be measured, as described above, pass through the covering cap 10 to the indicator 1 1 or the indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... and optionally further to the detector 101 can flow. With a cap 10 placed on the conical housing part 121, it can be ensured that the detector 101 is kept free from soiling, such as excrement, saliva, blood, urine or pus. The detector 101 is sensitive to the change in state of the indicator 1 1 of the cap 10 and thus registers a change in the state of the indicator 1 1 in contact with the fabric 20th

On the tapered housing 121 there are a number of latching projections 125b, alternatively or additionally, a number of latching projections 125a may be arranged on the lateral surface of the conically tapered Gehäuseteilsl 21. As shown in Fig. 21, the cap 10 can be placed on the tapered housing part 121, so that the projecting from the conically tapered housing part 121 latching projections 125b engage in the recesses 5a of the cap 10. In order to achieve this covered state of the measuring device 100, the cap 10 is advantageously gripped with two fingers in the lower thickening region 9 and placed on the tapered housing part 121, so that the latching projections 125 b of the tapered housing part 121 of the measuring device 100 in the Engaging recesses 5a, 5b of the jacket wall 2 of the cap 10 engage. The cap 10 is adapted to the tapered housing part 121 such that the latching projections or recesses 5a, 5b, 25a, 25b are at mutually adapted locations, so that the cap 10 and the tapered housing part 121 arranged in the latched state are that the end wall 1 of the cap 10 is slipped over the end face 122 and located on the end face 122 of the tapered housing part 121 recess in front of the detector 101st is completely covered or covered by the end wall 1. This is achieved in particular in that the cover cap 10 is subject to a particularly strong elastic deformation in its respective section 8 with a small thickness d ₂ and thus forms an optimum fit for the respective measuring device 100 or its conically tapering housing part 121. As already mentioned, of course, there is the possibility that the latching projections and / or latching recesses may alternatively or additionally also be formed circumferentially. The latching projections and / or latching recesses may also be formed in the vicinity of the base wall 3.

The position and position of the recesses 125a and latching projections 125b on the tapered housing portion 121 corresponds to the position of the recesses 5a and / or latching projections 5b on the cap 10. In particular, the recesses 125a and the latching projections 125b each with the same normal distance to the end face 122 on the arranged conically tapered housing part 121 and distributed advantageously evenly in the circumferential direction. The total number of latching recesses and / or latching projections 125a, 125b in the present embodiment is two, but alternatively, three or four or even more latching recesses and / or latching projections may be provided. The shape of the latching recesses or latching projections 125a, 125b is in each case adapted to the shape of the cover caps 10 or of the latching recesses 5a or latching projections 5b of the cover cap 10. The latching projections 125a and 125b are at an angle of 10 ° to 30 °, at most 1 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm from the outer wall of the tapered housing part 121 from.

The meter 100 also has an ejection element 124 disposed in the end of the tapered housing portion 121 remote from the front end surface 122. This ejection element 124 is further away from the front end wall 122 than the latching projections 125 of the tapered housing part 121. The ejection element 124 is annular in the present embodiment, namely circular-cylindrical, formed and surrounds the tapered housing part 121st As can be seen from FIG. 21, the base wall 3 of the covering cap 10 lies flat on the ejection element 124. Pressing the ejection element 124 toward the end face 122 causes the cover cap 10 to be pushed out of its latching position, wherein the cover cap 10 is subject to elastic deformation in the region of its latching recess 5a during the displacement from the latching. Due to the angled structure of the latching recess 5a and the latching projection 125b is when disengaged in the elastic deformation of the Cap 10 spent energy converted into kinetic energy of the cap 10, which accelerates the cap after a direction from the ejection element 124 to the end face 122 out.

FIG. 22 shows a second embodiment of the combination according to the invention of an embodiment of the cover cap 10 with a measuring device 100. As described with reference to FIG. 18, the measuring device 100 has an additional activation element which has an auxiliary substance 15 arranged in the cover cap 10 as described for FIG excited by heat or radiation and this activates the indicator substance of the indicator 1 1 or forms from the auxiliary substance 15, the indicator substance. The activation element may be a heat source, a light source or a radiation source for different radiations, for example UVA or radioactive radiation.

FIG. 23 shows a third embodiment of the inventive combination of a measuring device 100 with a cap 10 according to the invention. The cap 10 has a plurality of indicators 11a, 11b,... (See FIG. 9) on the tip of the measuring device 100 in the region of the end face 122 a plurality of detectors 101 a, 101 b, ... arranged which are each sensitive to the change in state of the indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, .... The detectors 101a, 101b, ... may be optical, chemical, temperature, gas, or humidity sensors or detectors or other sensors or detectors known from the prior art. Furthermore, it is possible that in addition to or instead of the detectors 101 a, 101 b,... A photomultiplier or photomultiplier tube (PMT) is arranged on the measuring device 100 or integrated in the measuring device 100. Also known from the state of the art are so-called μΡΜΤ, which are photomultipliers of a very small size and, with a compact design of the measuring device 100 used in accordance with the invention, are particularly preferably integrated therein.

With the aid of a PMT or μΡΜΤ, the messenger substances 23 emitted by the indicator 11 or the indicators 11a, 11b,... Can be analyzed particularly well or the substance 20 can be detected by the measuring device 100 after diffusion through the cap 10 , In accordance with the change in state of the indicator 11 through the substance 20, a preselection of the suitable setting on the measuring device 100 can be made, for example, and thus the measurement can be improved or accelerated. Also can be detected by the meter 100, the substance 20 in its absolute concentration and by the indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... the cap 10 which are arranged at different locations of the cap 10, the respective concentration or the Concentration differences of the substance 20 or more substances 20a, 20b, ... are examined along a surface or a region of the object to be measured or an area of the skin of a person.

FIG. 24 shows an application of the combination of a measuring device 100 with a covering cap 10 according to the invention. The measuring object 90 in this case separates the skin surface of a person from the substance 20. The measuring device 100 is arranged at a distance of at most 10 mm or can advantageously rest completely with the covering cap 10 on the skin or the measuring object 90. The fabric 20 travels through the end wall 1 of the cap 10, comes into contact with the indicator 1 1 and the indicator 1 1 changes its example, optical property. The measuring device 100 registers this change, for example a discoloration of the indicator 11, and thus registers the presence of the substance 20. The measuring device 100 can store this optionally or, depending on the degree of discoloration of the indicator 11, indicate the concentration of the substance 20 on a display ,

Alternatively, the meter 100 may include, for example, tines or other formations that open or pierce the barrier 23 of the cap 10 and render the barrier 23 permeable to the fabric 20. Also, the carrier 16 may be e.g. Beeswax, in which the indicator substance is integrated, be made soft by a heat source integrated in the meter 100 and thus allow the contact of the substance 20 with the indicator 1 1 and the indicator substance.

FIG. 25 shows a further application of the cover caps 10 according to the invention or the combination of the cover caps 10 with measuring devices. The combinations of the measuring devices 100a,..., 100e with cover caps 10a and 10e are placed on the fingers of a robot hand 300. With the help of a robot hand 300, different substances 20 can be detected at different locations or openings and thus a fast and reliable evaluation of substances 20 to be indexed can be made. Furthermore, the use of a robot reduces the risk of transmission of infections and simplifies examinations in places that are life-threatening for humans. As an alternative to the embodiment described in FIG. 25, different arrangements of the covering cap or different combinations are also possible. For example, only one cap on a finger of the robot hand 300 or on each finger, a combination of a measuring device 100 with a cap 10 may be arranged. In all previously mentioned embodiments of the invention, the cap 10, for example on the end wall 1 or the shell wall 2, and / or the indicator 1 1 comprise an adhesive substance. Now, when the cap 10 is applied to the front wall 1 on the skin of a person or an article comes the adhesive substance when attaching the cap 10 on the object to be examined or the skin of a person in contact and binds parts of the article or parts of the skin itself. If the covering cap 10 is now removed, the parts bound to the adhesive substance continue to adhere and are detached from the object or the person as a sample. In particular, such a sample may be a dander or part of the skin containing DNA. The sample may then be further examined without the need for the object or person to be present, or exposed to it in examinations with radiation such as X-rays. Adhesives, in particular glues, starch-containing adhesives, can generally be used as adhesive substances.

An embodiment of an adhesive substance are preferably natural adhesives such as proteins such as casein, glutin. Casein can be easily extracted from the milk and is heat resistant up to 120 ° C and only slightly soluble in water. Glutin is water-soluble and sticks better than glue. As an embodiment, skin glue or hare glue may be used. This can optionally be added with sugar to achieve a stronger gum. The necessary water for gluing comes from the oral mucosa or generally from the skin. Another embodiment is carbohydrates eg starch or cellulose, resins, tannins, lignin. In another embodiment, synthetic adhesives such as silicones and inorganic compounds are used. It is of course also possible to use adhesives and solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesives or solvent-free water-based adhesive substances, and also environmentally-curing adhesive substances. Advantageously, the cap after use to at least 150 ° C; Heated to 160 ° C to decompose the adhesive and the DNA adhering thereto. Depending on the material version, a temperature close to the melting point of the plastic of the cap is selected in order to complete as quickly as possible the process of decomposition or destruction of the DNA and thus to prevent the denaturation and release of the DNA. This has the advantage that the cap can be disposed of in normal household waste and no separate labeling is required as a medical or biohazardous waste. A correspondingly expensive disposal can also be omitted. In all DNA and RNA analyzes, it is advantageous that the production steps take place under clean room conditions and advantageous packaging, for example water-tight, vapor-tight, oxygen-tight, etc., is carried out.

Several fields of application of the cap 10 according to the invention will be briefly explained below:

1 . allergy measurement

The reaction substance 13 is an allergen as described for Fig. 14, e.g. Grass. This is finely ground or immediately immediately completely dissolved in a water vessel filled with water. This water with the allergen grass is now concentrated defined so that water and allergen is present in the vessel. For example, By evaporation, the concentration of the allergen can be increased and the concentration of the water can be reduced accordingly. This allergen liquid is applied to a portion of the cap 10 as a reaction substance 13 by means of a pipette and then evaporated. Remains the allergen on and in the cap 10 depending on the concentration and pore design of the cap 10. Now, the cap is placed on the skin acts on a portion of the skin, the allergen. Since the allergen has been deprived of water, the water vapor of the skin can pass unimpeded through the allergen and be measured. The allergen may cause a skin reaction in which a substance 20 is produced. This substance 20 is then detected by the indicator 1 1 and optionally evaluated by a measuring device 100.

Alternatively, the substance 20 can also be evaluated directly by a measuring device 100. If the substance 20 is, for example, water vapor, it can diffuse through a part of the cap which is permeable to water vapor, and is detected by the measuring device 100 covered by the cap 10.

2. Blood sugar measurement

There are several ways to measure blood sugar, especially glucose, over the skin, with or without reagent in the cap. In addition, it may be necessary in each of the following methods to obtain or remove oxygen from the ambient air and / or from the meter for the reaction. In this case, the cap is permeable to the oxygen molecule. One or more substances or enzymes may be used as an indicator to convert the substances removed from the skin into one or more gases, respectively. As a result, too Sugar species determinations possible. As a result, the measurement of any substances contained in the air can be made independently. In particular, it can be determined on the basis of the measurement how the carbon dioxide content in the covering cap changes due to the reaction or measurement carried out.

By incorporating zymase and / or cofactor and / or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and / or yeast as indicator 1 1 or indicator substance, the glucose exiting the skin is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide. This can be registered by an alcohol sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor in the meter or corresponding indicator 1 1 and their concentration can be determined. Furthermore, an oxidation by oxygen supply and a conversion into carboxylic acid can take place. The carboxylic acid can in turn be converted by pH indicators into a color code, which in turn can be determined by means of an optical sensor.

If the enzyme glucose oxidase GOx is used as the indicator substance, glucose is produced while consuming oxygen to form gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The article or organism protects itself against the toxic effect of hydrogen peroxide by means of enzymes, in the present case, catalases and peroxidases, which decompose the hydrogen peroxide back to non-toxic O 2 and H 2 O. As an indicator substance of the indicator 1 1 is used in this catalase CAT, the hydrogen peroxide H ₂ 0 ₂ to oxygen 0 ₂ and water H ₂ 0 reacts.

H ₂ 0 ₂ + KatalaaeCred.) -> H ₂ 0 + Katj as.) _, H ₂ 0 ₂ + catalase (ax.) - ► H ₂ 0 + 0 + catalase (red.)

2 H ₂ 0 ₂ - 0 ₂ + 2 H ₂ 0

This oxygen can be measured. By adding additional enzymes, other gases can be generated and used for detection. The reduction of oxygen is a direct indicator of glucose. The measurement is possible as long as there is oxygen. Therefore, oxygen is constantly supplied during permanent measurements.

By using yeast and / or boronic acid as an indicator substance, however, glucose can also be measured by measuring carbon dioxide.

3. Measurement of ammonia Due to the temperature of the skin, the reaction occurs by diffusing the gases through the cap as well as by the heat flow due to the temperature difference. If the substance that leaves the skin and is lighter than air, for example, it rises to ammonia, for example, as a gas. The incorporation of an indicator substance such as oxygen at the inner end of the cap, the gas is brought in oxidation of ammonia to elemental nitrogen to form water: 4 NH3 + 3 02 2 N2 + 6 H20 decomposes. The nitrogen is measured, for example, by means of a gas sensor, and the additional rate of water vapor as a result of the formation of water can be measured by a water vapor sensor.

Ammonia reacts with the carbon dioxide C0 ₂ inside the cap 10 to ammonium carbonate, which in turn decomposes to urea and water. A second optical acid-base indicator, such as phenolphthalein, can now determine the concentration of urea. Thus, ammonia can be detected by optical detection.

Medically, the Amoniakgehalt of the blood and thus the protein turnover and the liver function is measurable. Thus, diseases such as chronic hepatitis, brain damage, liver tissue destruction, e.g. as a result of cirrhosis of the liver, increased protein breakdown as in the case of chemotherapy of tumors or the ingestion of medication, function of the detoxification apparatus.

By targeted temperature increase by e.g. at 60 ° C, a denaturation of the enzyme can be achieved. The reaction is thereby stopped.

In addition, it is of course also possible to split urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia by means of the enzyme urease in aqueous solution. As a result, reaction chains are possible one behind the other.

Referring to Fig. 13, in the measurement of urea and ammonia secretions from the skin, excretion calculation can be made. For this purpose, the ammonia is converted from a first indicator 1 1 a according to the reaction described above in urea. Furthermore, the urea excreted from the skin and the urea produced by the first indicator 11a from ammonia reach the optical acid-base indicator, which in the present case acts as a calculator substance 22. 4. HBC measurement

HBC is excreted through the skin. If there is an HBC excretion this means there is HBC poisoning at the site where HBC excretion occurs. By oils e.g. Hexachlorobenzene, laurel oil, pomegranate, calander oil, HBC excretion can be stimulated. As a substance, this oil is completely or partially applied to the cap 10 as an indicator 1 1. By difference measurement then takes place a recognition whether HBC is present. The oil is adjusted to the substance that is to be eliminated from the skin. Optionally, as an additional indicator 1 1 n-hexane can be arranged on the cap 10 which detects the excreted HCB. Alternatively, the spectrum of HBC can also be measured directly by means of PMT.

Fig. 26 shows a fifteenth embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention for administration of an administration substance 50. On the cap 10 is in the region of the end wall 1 of the cap 10 forming material or material composite different administration substance 50 is arranged. The wall of the cap 10 comprises a bounded by a peripheral edge 4 end wall 1 and a subsequent to the peripheral edge 4 of the end wall 1 shell wall 2. The end wall 1 and the shell wall 2 define the interior 37. The cap 10 further includes an interior 37 facing the inside and an outer side of the cap 10 facing and on the wall of the inner side opposite outer side 35, which extend over the casing wall 2 and the end wall 1. The administering substance 50 is disposed on a surface of the outside 35 of the end wall 1. When the cap 10 is applied to the skin of a person or to an object, the administering substance 50 is released from the end wall 1 by friction, pressure, stripping, or the temperature of the body or article and is thus administered.

Referring to Fig. 27, a sixteenth embodiment of the cap 10 for administration of an administering substance 50 is shown. In the outer side 35 of the end wall 1, the administration substance 50 is incorporated superficially in the material of the end wall 1. As an alternative to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, the administration substance 50 can also be arranged on the outer side 35 of the casing wall 2, the inside of the casing wall 2 or incorporated or arranged in the material of the end wall 1 and / or the casing wall 2 be. Fig. 28a to 28c show a seventeenth embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention in section. In this embodiment, the cap 10, the end wall 1 is formed like a dome and folded over the peripheral edge 4 in the limited by the casing wall 2 interior 37 of the cap 10. The end wall 1 is completely folded into the interior space 37 beyond the peripheral edge 4 and forms an indentation 51. In the indentation 51, the administration substance 50 is arranged on the surface of the outer side 35 of the end wall 1. The end wall 1 is flexible and can be folded out of the interior 37 over the peripheral edge 4 addition.

Fig. 28b shows a possibility of application of the administering substance 50 from the indentation 51 of the cap 10. In the interior 37, a dispensing element 109 is mounted on the inside of the end wall 1. The dispensing element 109 (FIG. 28 e) may, for example, be a slider of a measuring device 100 (see FIG. 32) or a finger positioned in the interior 37 of the covering cap 10. If now applied by the Ausbringelement 109 pressure against the end wall 1 as the end wall 1 works piecewise beyond the peripheral edge 4 of the cap 10 and the administration substance 50 is detached from the front wall 1, applied and thus optionally administered to a person.

By way of the size of the indentation 51, its defined volume or the depth X (FIG. 28c), which the end wall 1 is introduced into the interior 35, the maximum amount of the administration substance 50 can be determined. Depending on the length that the end wall 1 is unfolded beyond the peripheral edge 4, the administered amount of the administering substance 50 can be determined.

Fig. 28d shows an alternative of the seventeenth embodiment of the cap 10 in section. The indentation 51 may also have different thicknesses along its course. For example, the center of the bulge may be made thicker, thus providing a better support for the delivery substance 50. The thickness of the indentation 51 can also be made stronger or otherwise at the edge, as long as the indentation 51 or parts thereof can be brought out beyond the peripheral edge 4.

Fig. 29 shows an eighteenth embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention with the end wall 1 which is folded into the interior 37 of the cap 10 over the peripheral edge 4 into and the indentation 51 forms. In the indentation 51 is on whose surface and thus on the outer side 35 of the end wall 1, the administering substance 50 is arranged. The indentation 51 is completely covered with a sealing cover 52. The sealing cap 52 completely spans the indentation 51 and extends over the entire peripheral edge 4. The sealing cap 52 prevents contamination of the administration substance 50 during its storage or transport. Prior to the administration of the administration substance 50 with the cap 10, the sealing lid 52 is removed or torn off and thus removed. The sealing lid 52 may be glued to the peripheral edge 4 with an adhesive or welded or otherwise releasably attached thereto.

Fig. 30 shows a nineteenth embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention in the wall of the cap 10 more precisely in the material of the end wall 1 of the cap 10, the administering substance 50 is incorporated. The end wall 1 is permeable to the administration substance 50, whereby it diffuses upon application from the end wall 1 to the outside 35 of the end wall 1 and then released to the environment or, for example, the skin of a person.

In Fig. 31 a and 31 b, a twentieth embodiment of the cap 10 is shown. The cap 10 has an administration substance 50, which is incorporated in the material of the end wall 1 to the outside 35. The administration substance 50 is completely covered by a barrier 21, which also partially covers the end wall 1. (Figure 31a) When the cap 10 is applied to, for example, the skin of a person or an object, the barrier 21 becomes permeable to the administering substance 50, for example by pressure or tearing, which reaches the skin or article and scores there the desired effect (Fig. 31 b). The barrier 21 may, for example, also melt due to the higher temperature of a person's skin or dissolve or become permeable upon contact with the water of the skin or perspiration, thus releasing the administration substance 50.

The barrier 21 may for example consist of wax. Wax has an adjustable melting point of eg 55 ° C. At 34 ° C, which corresponds to the temperature of the human skin, the wax becomes flowable and the delivery substance 50 penetrates through the wax. However, the administration substance 50 can also be integrated in the barrier 21, eg wax, itself and become fluid or liquid when applied by the pressure between the cap 10 and the skin and the resulting heat and the administration substance 50 can be released in this way. Alternatively, the sealing lid 52 described with reference to FIG. 29 may also be designed as a barrier 21, and become permeable or dissolve completely or partially when applied to the administration substance 50. For example, the sealing cap 52 may be made of a photosensitive polymer that is then irradiated by a radiation source 108 or light source integrated in the meter 100 (FIG. 33), thereby becoming more porous and permeable to the administration substance 50.

FIGS. 29a and 29b show alternatives of the seventeenth and eighteenth embodiments of the cover cap 10 and the indentation 51, respectively. The indentation 51 may, for example, be formed as a cavity (FIG. 29a) and have a bag of similar volume. Furthermore, the opening of the recess 51 may also have a smaller cross-section or taper from the bottom of the indentation 51 to the opening or the peripheral edge 4. Alternatively, the indentation 51 may also have an expanding cross-section (FIG. 29b) and be formed corresponding to a trough.

FIG. 32 shows a fourth combination of a measuring device 100 with a cap 10 according to the invention. The cap 10 is placed on the measuring device 100 and lies against the end face 122 of the measuring device 100 with the end wall 1 folded into the interior 37 of the cap 10. In the indentation 51, the administration substance 50 is arranged. In the end face 122 of the measuring device 100, a dispensing element 109, in this embodiment, a slider controlled by the measuring device 100, sunk. The Ausbringelement 109 is in contact with the end wall. 1 If the dispensing element 109 or the slide then moves out, the end wall 1 is unfolded or everted beyond the peripheral edge 4 and the administration substance 50 exits from the indentation 51 and thus the covering cap 10. Depending on the duration of the process or extension path of the slide or dispensing element 109, the dose of the administration substance 50 can be set or metered.

As shown in FIG. 32, the meter 100 may further include a timer. The timer may tell the user of the meter 100 how long the application of the delivery substance 50 is already going on, thus indicating the amount of the administered administration substance 50. Furthermore, after a preset time, the timer may give a signal indicating the attainment of a pre-set dose or administration time. These values can then be placed in a Meter 100 arranged memory stored and / or displayed on a display.

Furthermore, the measuring device 100 can also include an identification unit 106 with the aid of which the identity of the user can be detected and, if necessary, the function is blocked if the authorization is not authorized. Thus, unauthorized dosing or use by an unauthorized person can be prevented, which is a preferred application, especially in the case of intoxicant therapy. Furthermore, the dosage of the administration substance 50 or which administration substance 50 was administered to which user can be checked, thus preventing, for example, exceeding a maximum daily dose. Here, for example, a special key used by each user or the fingerprint of the user can be used or the use be released only after entering a password.

FIG. 33 shows a fifth embodiment of the combination of the covering cap 10 with the measuring device 100; the measuring device 100 may comprise a heat source 107 or a radiation source 108 as shown in FIG. If now the administration substance 50 arranged in or on the cap 10 is delivered to an object or a person, for example the skin of a person. The effect or the uptake of the administration substance 50 can be selectively increased by the radiation source 108 or the heat source 107, or the administration substance 50 can first be activated.

Furthermore, a combinatorial treatment may be performed by a radiation source 108 or heat source 107 integrated in the meter 100, for example, the delivery substance 50 may be a painkiller and prevent or reduce the perception of radiation emitted by the radiation source 108 or reduce the perception or pain of a temperature treatment ,

In Fig. 34, a twenty-first embodiment of a cap 10 according to the invention is shown. The end wall 1 is folded over the peripheral edge 4 in the interior 35 of the cap 10 and forms the indentation 51 from. In the indentation 51, a plurality of administration substances 50a, 50b and 50c are arranged in layers. For example, different drugs that have a combinatorial effect on each other can be administered simultaneously or sequentially. Further, the delivery substance 50a may be a barrier opening material that opens or pervades the skin barrier of a subject or the surface of an article. Thereafter, the subsequent administering substance 50b can better penetrate through the skin of the person or into the object and thus perform an increased effect or just its action. The finally applied administration substance 50c can then be, for example, a care product which closes or restores the skin or is another medicament or the like.

The individual delivery substances 50a, 50b, ... may be separated by a defined layer of wax, which then causes a delay in the administration and thus, for example, bridges an exposure time of the administration substance 50a and only then enables the contact of the second administration substance 50b with the skin after the skin barrier enough was opened by the administration substance 50.

The distribution substances 50a, 50b, ... can also be arranged in spherical layers similar to an egg, as shown in FIGS. 34a and 34b, instead of in successive layers.

In a further development of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 34, a barrier opening substance 50a is present in the indentation 51, which additionally causes the skin to dispense substances 20. In this cap further indicators 1 1 are present that identify the discharged substances 20 and qualify.

Suitable administration substances 50a and barrier opening substances are:

- Colloidal vehicle systems such as microemulsions, in particular containing zinc pyrion clotrimazole or cyclosporin A. Microemulsions are optically isotropic, by a very low interfacial tension, these are thermodynamically stable and highly dynamic. They consist of a surfactant, a cosurfactant, an oil and a water phase. The radii of the colloidal phase are between 10 and 50 nm. ME systems can be varied from O / W to W / O. By means of the surfactant system it is possible to determine whether an aqueous hydrophilic phase W / O-ME or an oily lipophilic phase O / WME is colloidal. It has been shown that the O / W-ME in dermal application enormously promotes the penetration of an incorporated drug. This should be in the oily colloidal phase. The W / O microemulsions in whose aqueous colloidal phase peptides and nucleic acids are incorporated - drug molecules with sufficient lipophilicity, for example glucocorticoids, betamethasone valerate, dithranol;

- active substances such as the organic nitrates and estradiol;

small hydrophilic molecules such as urea, propylene glycol;

Enhancer e.g. Oleic acid, terpenes, glycolipids, medium-chain triglycerides, synthetic;

Waxes (e.g., (isopropyl myristate)), branched chain fatty alcohols (Eutanol G), urea, propylene glycol, azone, dimethyl sulfoxide, taurine, 1,2 pentylene glycol,

- galenic vehicle systems (microemulsions)

- Penetration retarder or reducer: This refers to substances that reduce or prevent the penetration of substances through the skin.

- Drug molecules with sufficient lipophilicity, for example glucocorticoids, betamethasone valerate, dithranol

- Active substances such as organic nitrates and estradiol

- small hydrophilic molecules such as urea, propylene glycol

- Enhancers, in particular oleic acid, terpenes, glycolipids, medium-chain triglycerides, synthetic waxes, for example isopropyl myristate, branched chain fatty alcohols (Eutanol G), urea, propylene glycol, azone, dimethyl sulfoxide, taurine, 1, 2 pentylene glycol, enhancers such as oleic acid fluidize the SC lipid bilayer and thus increase the penetration of drugs via the non-polar route.

- galenic vehicle systems (microemulsions)

- Lontophoresis and other electrochemical methods

- Penetration retardants or reducers: These are substances, in particular natural and synthetic ceramides, which reduce or prevent the penetration of substances through the skin. These can be used for example in the field of cosmetics, for sunscreen as well as for the treatment of diseases such as psoriasis.

By means of the fifteenth to twenty-first embodiment of the cap 10 described in FIGS. 26 to 34 and a combination according to FIGS. 31 a to 33, an automated administration of an administration substance 50 can also be achieved. For this purpose, a cap with an administration substance 50 in combination with a measuring device 100 or another electronic device, for example a wristwatch, is applied to the skin or other places of a person and fastened, for example, over a longer period of time. The measuring device 100 can now at defined time intervals, for example every 3 hours, spread the delivery substance 50 with the aid of the delivery element 109 out of the covering cap 10 and deliver it to the person. Furthermore, the first to fourteenth embodiments may be combined with the embodiments fifteen to twenty-one, and thus comprise one or more indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b,... And simultaneously comprise one or more administering substances 50 a, 50 b,.

Further, a combined cap 10 may then cover a meter 100 and thus detect the reaction of the item or a person to the delivery substances 50 by the indicator 11 and / or the meter 100. Thus, for example, a precisely required dose with the help of pharmacodynamics (dose-response relationships of drugs) can be determined or the dose-response relationship of a single subject or patient can be specifically determined.

Furthermore, the measuring device 100 can be combined with other sensors, for example a heart rate sensor arranged externally on a chest belt. For example, a person's response to a heartbeat-enhancing drug (e.g., isoproterol) may be determined or targeted. With the help of arranged on the cap 10 crime substance 50 a targeted dose of the drug is administered to increase the heartbeat. The meter 100 detects the increase in the heart rate and determines, by the increase in the heart rate and / or by means of the dose-response relationship known for this drug, which dose of the administering substance 50 is still required or must be tracked by the heart rate to one specific value or in a targeted area. A delay in effect is known for all approved drugs and is 5-25 minutes, depending on the drug and dosage. Usually these details are already indicated on the package leaflet. Thus, this delay can be supplied to the meter 100 and the administration of the administration substance 50 adjusted accordingly.

The data of the dosage and the response, e.g. The heart rate of the person can then be recorded with the aid of the meter 100 and be kept available for the monitoring of the therapy or scientific or statistical purposes available and evaluated.

Furthermore, for example, the threshold of a drug in the bloodstream or at a local location can be determined and, if appropriate, a new dose of the administering substance 50 can be administered. The administering substance 50 may be a medicament, a painkiller, an anesthetic, a disinfectant, a conditioner, a hormone, a homeopathic agent, a barrier opening substance or a supplement, in particular a food supplement, or a combination thereof.

As medicaments which may be contained in the administration substance, in particular:

- Drugs acting on the nervous system, e.g. Acetylcholine, carbachol, muscarine, pilocarpine, arecoline, oxotremorir, physostigmine, edrophonium, neostigmine, pyridostigmine, distigmine, atropine, scopolamine, homatropine, tropicamide, N-methylscopolamine, N-butylscopolamine, methanteline, oxyphenonium, camylofine, pirenzepine, nicotine, dimethylphenylpiperazinium, Etc.,

Histamine, histamine antagonists and drugs affecting the immune response, e.g. Chloropyramine, diphenhydramine, chlorphenoxamine, chlorphenamine, burimamide, metiamide,

Antiparkinson agents, in particular I-dopa, carbidopa, benserazide, amantadine, biperiden, trihexyphenidyl, phenglutarimide, metixene, levodopa, amantadine-HCl, etc.,

Muscle relaxants, in particular D-tubocurarine, alcuronium, gallamine, pancuronium, decamethonium, suxamethonium, hexacarbacholine, suxamethonium chloride (example: 0.5-1.2 mg / kg, duration of action 3 to 5 minutes),

Local anesthetics such as in particular procaine, tetracaine, lidocaine, butanilicamine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, etidocaine, carticain, etc.,

- Central nervous system depressants (sedatives, hypnotics, narcotics) anticonvulsants, especially diazepam, nitrazepam, flunitrazepam, lormetazepam, triazolam, barbital, phenobarbital, amobarbital, cyclobarbital, heptabarbital, pentobarbital, vinylbital, hexobartital, chloral hydrate, paraldehyde, methylpentynol, glutethimide, Methyprylon, ethinamate, carbrmal, bromoisoval, methaqualone, halothane, enflurane, methoxyflurane, nitrous oxide (nitrous oxide), diethyl ether ("ether"),

Barbiturates, thiopental sodium, hexobarbital sodium, methohexital sodium, propanidide, ketamine, etomidate, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, fentanyl, droperidol, etc.

- analeptics and convulsants, in particular anticonvulsants: phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, carbamazepine, epoxide, valproic acid, ethosuximide, diazepam, clonazepam, analeptics and convulsants: pentetrazole, bemegrid, nicethamide, doxapram,

Psychotropic drugs, in particular chlorpromazine, perphenazine, trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, triflupromazine, thioridazine, clorprothixene, clopenthixol, flupenthixol, Prothipendyl, clozapine, loxapine, benperidol, trifluperidol, haloperidol, moperone, fluanison, pipamperone, pimozide,

Imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, lofepramine, trimipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, noxiptilin, protriptyline, dibenzepine, dimetacrine, doxepin, melitracene, maprotiline, mianserin, nomifensine, viloxazine, triazolam, oxazepam, temazepam, bromazepam, lorazepam, chlordiazepoxide, medazepam, ketazolam, Lormetazepam, flunitrazepam, nitrazepam, clonazepam, flurazepam, diazepam, chlorazepate, prazepam, clotiazepam, clobazam, methylpentynol, meprobamate, phenprobamate, hydroxyzine, benzoctamine, opipramol, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, phenmetrazine, methylphenidate, norephedrine, ephedrine, mazindol, propylhexedrine, Amfepramone diethylpropion, mefenorex, fenfluramine, pemoline, fenproporex, pentorex, anhalonium, myristica fragrans, psilocybe,

- analgesics - antiphlogistics - antirheumatics, especially morphine, hydromorphone, codeine, diamorphine, pentazocine, phenazocine, cyclazocine, pethidine, diphenoxylate, cetobemidone, fentanyl, levomethadone, acetylmethadol, dextromoramide, dextropropoxyphene, acetylsalicylic acid, diflunisal, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, tolmetin, Diclofenac, indomethacin, piroxicam, phenylbutazone, gold sodium thiomalate, aurothioglucose, aurothiopolypeptide, D-penicillamine, chloroquine diphosphate, chloroquine sulfate, hydroxychloroquine, etc.

- antitussives - expectorants, in particular codeine, dihydrocodeine, dextromethorphan, noscapine, pipetate, clobutinol, pentoxyverin, N-acetylcysteine, guaifenesin, ambroxol, etc.,

- Heart-action drugs, in particular lidocaine, phenytion, mexiletine, tocainide, quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, ajmaline, pranmalium, aprindine, lorcainide, flecainide, propafenone, amiodarone, verapamil, glyceryl trinitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, amyl nitrite, verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem , Prenylamine, perhexiline,

- agents for the treatment of anemias, for blood substitution, for the treatment of hemostasis disorders, zbd for improving the flow properties of blood, in particular dextran 70, 60, 40, hydroxyethyl starch, gelatin derivatives oxypolygelatin, plasma proteins, electrolyte solutions, acetylsalicylic acid, sulfinpyrazone, dipyridamole, ticlopidine, Ethyl biscum acetate, acenocoumarol, warfarin sodium, phenprocoumon,, aminocaproic acid, tranexamic acid, etc.,

- Pharmaceuticals having an influence on the kidneys, the water, electrolytes and acids / alkalis, in particular chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, cyclopenthiazide, chlorthalidone, mefruside, furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, etozolin, ozolinone, triamterene, amiloride, etc.,

- Drugs with effect on the gastrointestinal tract, in particular histamine, cimetidine, ranitidine, carbenoxolone, aldosterone, loperamide, diphenoxylate, pethidine, Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Dantron, bisacodyl, phenolphthalein, mannitol, sorbitol, lactulose, apomorphine, morphine,

X-ray contrast media, in particular sodium, potassium, lauric, locamaric, adipiodone, loxaglic, metrizamide,

- Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of dysfunction of endocrine organs, in particular hormones, hormone analogs, hormone antagonists etc, such as gonadorelin, protirelin, clomifene, cyclofenil, chorionic gonadotropin, bromocriptine, corticotropin, testracosactide, thyrotropin, somatotropin, oxytocin, vasopressin, lypressin, desmopressin, glucagon, Diazoxide, streptozotocin, insulin, sulfonylureas, carbutamide, chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glibornuride, gliclazide, glipizide. Gliquidone, Glisoxepid, Tolazamide, Glymidine, Metformin, Propylthiouracil, Methylthioucacil, Carbimazole, Thiamazole, Iodides, Ergocalciferol, Colecaldiferol, Aldosterone, Desoxycorton, Fludrocortisone, Glucocorticoids, Dexamethasone, Prednisone, Testosterone, Clostebol, Mesterolone, Medrogestone, Cyproterone Acetate, Dienestrol, Estriol, Epimestrol, quinestrol, tamoxifen, danazol, chlormadonone, hydroxyprogesterone, medrogestone, megestrol, progesterone, levonorgestrel, lynestrenol, norgestrel, etc.

- Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of metabolic diseases, especially cofibric acid. Clofibrate, fenofibrate, bezafibrate, etofibrate, nicotinic acid, d-thyrixine, probucol, allopurinol, oxypurinol, probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, benzbromarone, colchicine, fluoride, etc.

- Pharmaceuticals for the treatment and prevention of infections, in particular chemotherapeutics, antibiotics, disinfectants, such as benzylpenicillin, propicillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, epicillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, dibekacin, gentamycin, sisomycin, tetracycline, cloramohenicol, thiamphenicol, macrolides , Erythromycin Estolate, Lincomycin, Polymyxin, Vancomycin, Enolpyruvate, Fosfomycin, Folic Acid, Sulfanilamide, Nitrofurantione, Nalidixic Acid, Methenamine, Isoniazid, Protionamide, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Para-Aminosalicylic Acid, Rifampicin, Cycloserine, Nystatin, Imidazole Derivatives, Bifonazole, Chlormidazole , Griseofulvin, quinine, chloroquine, dihydrofolic acid, proguanil, pyrimethamine, clioquinol, metronidazole, niclosamide, piperazine, pyrvinium, pyrantel, mebendazole, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, halogens, alcohols, aldehydes, phenol derivatives, surfactants, heavy metals, chlorhexidine, hexetidine, etc ,

- cytotoxic drugs, anti-toxicological drugs, especially anti-snake venom, anti-poisoning agents, actinomycins, anthracyclines, mithramycin, methotrexate, purine antagonists, bleomycins,

- Toxicology: eg acting against: deferoxamine, cysteine-penicillamine disulfide, calcium cedar, ferric hexacyanoferrate, salicylic acid, lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, thallium,, acids, alkalis, surfactants, gases: carbon monoxide hemoglobin, cyanide, Hydrogen sulphide, irritating gases: nitrogen oxides, ozone, phosgene, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, methemoglobin, solvents: benzene, benzines, aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons, ethanol, clomethiazole, methanol; Pesticides: herbicides: dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, tetrachloridibenzo-p-dioxin, sodium chlorate; Insecticides: DDT, chlorphenotane, aldrin, dieldrin, HCH, lindane; Alkyl phosphates: diethylparanitrophenyl thiophosphate, fluostigmine, carbamic acid ester; Animal Poisons: Snake Poisons, Cnidarian Poisons, Hymenoptera Poisons; Fungal toxins: tuber-leaved fungus, gyromitrin, muscarine, muscimol, ibotenic acid, aflatoxin; Spring chlorella Muscarin-containing mushrooms, fly and panther mushrooms, gastrointestinal irritating fungal toxins, mycotoxins; Tobacco: nicotine; Chemical carcinogens: benzopyrene, 3-methylcholanthrene, nitrosamine, dimethylnitrosamine.

Furthermore, the cap may also include a hemorrhoidal ointment as the administration substance 50 and may be formed as haemorrhage particles.

As care products, the following care products can be used in particular:

- Oils: in particular argan oil, fat, in particular shea butter, acids, in particular AHAS (α-HYDROXYSÄUREN), glycolic acid, citric acid or malic acids, butter, especially cocoa butter, active ingredient Cocoheal, baobab, tiger grass, turmeric, sesame oil, orchid, bamboo, papaya,

- Herbal substances and plant products, in particular

Field horsetail, silicic acid (5-8%), flavonoids, glucosides (kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin and apigenin glycosides), pyridine alkaloids, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron;

- aloe; In the entire sheet: amino acids, alkyl chromomas (inter alia C-glucosyl-chromone), anthracene derivatives, mucopolysaccharides, resins, bitter substances, polysaccharides.

Aloe gel with: primarily polysaccharides (galactose, glucose, arabinose (aloin sugar, aloinose), xylose and uronic acids), including aloverose (also called accemannan, which is considered to be a value-determining and dermatologically active component of the aloe vera gel), low in amounts water-soluble vitamins, amino acids, amylase and the like a.

- eyebright aucubin (a glycoside), flavonoids, tannins, bitter substances;

Bearded lichen, Usnic acid

- Centella

- Marshmallow, true: Up to 15% mucilage (polysaccharides) in the root and up to 10% in leaves and flowers, tannins, sugar, starch (about 35%), asparagine.

- Essential oils

- Water-binding substances: glycerol, panthenol, hyaluronic acid - Fats: oils, butter, waxes. Depending on the oil, these fatty acids are present as triglycerides or wax esters or a mixture of both. I would most likely differentiate fatty acids by size, there are shorter, saturated fatty acids such as caprolic acid, capric acid, lauric acid.

- Proteins and related (keratin etc.): Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Hydrolyzed Silk Protein, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Hydrolized Keratin, etc., Cationic Surfactants, In the KK range, these are predominantly Quaternium-xy, Polyquaternium-xy, Behentrimonium Chloride, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, lecithin, hair guar.

- silicones; Acids and tannins: vinegar and citric acid etc., extracts with tannins (for example witch hazel)

A selection of particularly noteworthy supplements, in particular, food supplement centers are:

Vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, astaxanthin, aronia, bitter substances, grass juices, magnesium, algae, bentonite, psyllium, curcumin, sulforaphane, vitamin B complex, protein powder, vitamins, trace elements, ...

A selection of particularly noteworthy barrier opening fabrics are:

Barrier-affecting substances, in particular milking fat, acids, bases, (aggressive) skin cleansing agents, emulsifiers.

In particular, acids, bases, etchants, lacquers can be used as barrier-destroying substances.

As sweat-forming substances fats, milking fats, insulating substances can be used for application to the skin, Alternatively, a polymer seal or temperature increase is possible.

In FIGS. 35a to 35c, variants of a twenty-second embodiment of the covering cap 10 according to the invention are shown in section. FIG. 35a shows a variant of the twenty-second embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention. On the cap 10, in the region of the end wall 1, a material or composite of material forming the cap 10 is arranged. The wall of the cap 10 comprises a bounded by a peripheral edge 4 end wall 1 and a subsequent to the peripheral edge 4 of the end wall 1 shell wall 2. The end wall 1 and the shell wall 2 define the interior 37. The cap 10 further includes an interior 37 facing the inside and a the outer region of the cap 10 facing and on the wall of the Inner side opposite outer side 35, which extends over the casing wall 2 and the end wall 1. The conductor substance 40 is arranged on the surface 37 of the interior facing the end wall 1. With this variant, a contact within the interior 37 of the cap 10 can be made.

The conductive substance 40 preferably consists of one or more conductive polymers with intrinsic or extrinsic conductivity, which are doped with particular preference p-doped.

35b shows a variant of the twenty-second embodiment of the cap 10, in which the conductor substance 40 is embedded and arranged in the material of the end wall 1. In this case, a part of the conductive substance 40, the end wall 1 to enforce the inside and thus form an electrical contact within the material of the end wall 1.

In Fig. 35c, another variant of the twenty-second embodiment of the cap 10 is shown. In this variant, the conductor substance 40 is integrated in the material of the end wall 1 and formed from the inside of the end wall 1 to the outside 35, the end wall 1 completely penetrating. In this variant, an electrical contact through the end wall 1, ie from the interior 37 to the outside 35 of the cap 10, is produced by the conductor substance 40.

Alternatively, to the variants shown in FIGS. 35a to 35c, the conductive substance 40 may be arranged on the surface of the outside 35 of the end wall 1, the outside 35 of the shell wall 2 and / or the inside of the shell wall and / or in the material of the shell wall 2.

The conductor substance 40 can take on different shapes in the different variants of the embodiments of the cover cardboard 10. It may be formed, for example, as a continuous line or as individual electrodes 41 or be designed as a plurality of different separate lines or line system or as a circuit.

FIG. 36 shows a twenty-third embodiment of the cap 10 according to the invention. In the material of the cap 10, the conductor substance 40 is arranged on the end wall 1, as described with reference to FIG. 35c. The conductor substance 40 passes completely through the end wall 1 and establishes an electrical contact from the interior 37 to the outside 35. On the outer side 35 of the end wall 1, two contact surfaces 42 are formed. The contact surfaces 42 are electrically conductive of the same material as the conductor substance 40 and allow the connection of not shown electrodes 41 or lines to the cap 10. The contact surfaces 42 preferably have a low surface roughness, which is constant over the entire contact surfaces 42. The roughness depth is advantageously less than 0.4μηι especially less than 20nm.

In a twenty-fourth embodiment of the cap 10 which is shown in Fig. 37, it is provided that on the outer side 35 of the end wall 1 electrodes 41 a, 41 b are arranged. As shown in FIG. 36, the conductor substance 40 is integrated in the material of the end wall 1 and penetrates it completely. The electrodes 41 a, 41 b may be formed from the same material as the conductor substance 40 and be formed by the conductor substance 40 in the manufacturing process or subsequently be glued, for example, with a conductive adhesive. Suitable conductive adhesives include, for example: conventional adhesives such as e.g. Electrically conductive epoxy resin based resin; Starch pastes, gum, celluloses, bitumen or rubber glue containing conductive ingredients; Resins, tree resin or mastic with conductive ingredients; Silicone adhesive with conductive ingredients; or anisotropic conductive adhesive. Alternatively, doped adhesives may also be used.

The electrode 41 a is round and arranged centrally on the rounded end wall 1. The electrode 41 b is arranged concentrically with the electrode 41 a at a distance and annular. The conductor substance 40 has two separate parts, which are connected to non-conductive, each part is connected to one of the electrodes 41 a, 41 b and thus a separate connection of the electrodes 41 a, 41 b in the interior 37 of the cap 10 produces.

Fig. 38 shows a twenty-fifth embodiment of the cap 10. The electrodes 41 a, 41 b are formed in the form of circular portions which cover part of the outer side 35 of the end wall 1. The electrodes 41 a, 41 b are arranged at a distance from each other and are separated by the conductor substance 40 with the interior 37 separated from each other.

Fig. 39a shows a twenty-sixth embodiment of the cap 10, which is shown in section. The cap 10 has on the outer side 35 two contact surfaces 42 which are each conductively connected by the conductor substance 40 with the interior 37 of the cap 10. On the inside of the end wall 1 electronic components 45 are arranged, which are conductively connected to the conductor substance 40. The conductive substance 40 forms with the electronic components a circuit or Management system with the control of the application of electrodes, not shown, or the introduction of electrical stimulation in an object or a person are made possible.

Alternatively, the electrodes 41, as holey structures and / or conductive grid structures, in particular pores, be formed, which cover the cap 10.

39b shows a sixth combination of a cap 10 with a measuring device 100. The cap 10 is formed as described in FIG. 35c, wherein the conductor substance 40 completely penetrates the end wall 1 of the cap 10 in two points. The measuring device 100 is covered by the cap 10, wherein the end face 122 is in contact with the inside of the end wall 1. At the end face 122, the measuring device 100 has two electrically conductive electrode connections 104 which are connected to the conductive substance 40 in a conductive manner. The measuring device 100 furthermore has a circuit, not shown, on which it makes it possible to make electrical contact via the connections 104 to the conductor substance 40 and thus to the outer region or the outer side 35 of the covering cap 10. By means of this combination of the cap 10 with the measuring device 100, it is possible, for example, to make measurements of the conductivity of the test object or to deliver targeted electrical impulses to a person.

The conductive substance 40, the electrodes 41 and / or the contact surfaces 42 are made of a matrix comprising the following components or a mixture thereof: plant starch, stearin (biodegradable), palm fat, vegetable fat, paraffin, beeswax, beeswax with capillary separating acids. In this matrix, the following are incorporated with conductive substances such as: carbon (graphite and graphene), silver (eg silver nanoparticles) eg 200 mQ / mm ² , carbon, tin oxide, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, sodium, tungsten, Salt, tungsten, zinc, brass, iron, chromium, titanium, stainless steel, mercury, gadolinium, graphite, conductive polymers, doped germanium, doped silicon and tellurium; or incorporated in the material and / or further comprise materials such as binders for binding the conductive substances. Alternatively, the conductive substance 40, the electrodes 41 and / or the contact surfaces 42 may consist of or comprise a conductive, in particular the same, adhesive. As an alternative to the embodiments of the covering cap 10 shown in FIGS. 35a to 39b, the covering cap 10 may additionally have defined holes, filters, pores, braids, etc., so that an electrical line can also be made outside and / or inside the material.

In one embodiment, electrodes 41, for example in a comb structure, are applied to the end wall 1 of the covering cap 10 with the conductor substance 40. The electrodes 41 may be made of gold, for example.

On these electrodes 41, a layer of graphene is applied, which has an exact porous structure and a predetermined conductivity. The application of graphene is similar to painting, wherein graphene provided in a liquid, as shown below, is applied to the electrodes 41 or incorporated into the plastics forming the end wall 1.

This paintable liquid can be obtained by mixing graphite powder with water and a soap solution, such as. Dishwashing detergent is mixed in a container. The blade of the mixer smashes the floating powder particles into wafer-thin graphene layers. Here, 20 to 50 grams of graphite powder are mixed with half a liter of water and 10 to 25 milliliters of soap, in particular commercial kitchen detergent added. In a high shear laboratory mixer, the mixture rotates for 10 to 30 minutes, while the graphite granules disintegrate into individual graphene layers. The soapy liquid promotes the splitting or popping of the carbon screen into monomolecular layers while the blender's cutting blades provide the necessary energy and attack points. The result of the process is a liquid from which it is possible to isolate carbon nanotubes that are around 100 nanometers thick and only one nanometer thick, ie graphene. This mixture is added to the plastic in the preparation or simply applied to the end wall 1 of the cap 10 as a paint. It is thus preferably a graphene coating either the end wall 1 or located on the end wall 1 electrodes or electrode structures.

By blowing in or blowing through gases or particles through the graphene layer, pores or meshes with diameters larger than the pores of the graphene layer can be created. Through targeted warming of these bodies, the process can be supported. This can also be used with graphene to break holes in these lattices to allow permeability at this point, even for larger particles or molecules. Graphene is particularly well suited for measuring the presence of glucose molecules because the diameter of the graphene layer is the size of the glucose, so that glucose molecules are trapped in the graphene layer and thus the conductivity of the graphene layer is increased. This change in the conductivity can be measured in particular by means of the electrodes lying below the graphene layer.

Alternatively, through-plating through the cap 10, in addition to the embodiments shown, can also be achieved by the conductive substance 40 introduced into the pores of the material or by holes produced by etchant, sputtering, vapor deposition, heat input, punching, needles, mandrels.

A cap 10 with a conductive substance 40, as shown in FIGS. 35a to 39b, can be used in combination with a measuring device designed according to the purpose of the prior art, in particular for the following applications:

- For measuring particles, molecules and conductivities of substances;

- For stimulation, stimulation of the object or a person;

For pore opening the skin or an article e.g. by temperature introduction;

- To measure on an object or a person by substances in the interior of the object are measured electrically, magnetic field generation or generation of an electric field;

- For measuring the pH value with a pH meter, measuring the impedance, measuring the liquid or measuring the liquid content of a DUT,

In the case of electrical components 42 integrated in the cap 10, as shown in FIG. 39 a, it may be provided that the electrical or electronic components 45 are designed as disposable components which are destroyed after use. Thus, a multiple use and thus a possible spread of germs or diseases or viruses can be prevented.

An application of the cap 10 of the invention or the cap 10 in combination with a meter 100 is the arrangement of the combination on or in an absorbent hygiene article, such as a diaper or a sanitary napkin. The cap 10 is arranged in a holder which has a clip 24. This holder is then hacked, for example, on the waistband of the diaper with the clip 24, wherein the holder is arranged in the interior of the diaper.

The cap 10 may alternatively be bent hackenförmig even at the end of the interior 37 and be attached without mounting on the diaper.

When placed in a diaper, e.g. Salts disposed between the electrodes 42 of the embodiments of FIGS. 35a to 39a undergo an impedance change when water vapor or water reaches the cap 10. The meter 100 covered by the sanitary cap 10 can detect this impedance change without being contaminated. The measuring device, for example, allows a message by radio to a station and thus continuously transmits the status or degree of moisture of the diaper.

By optionally arranged on the cap 10 indicators 1 1 a, 1 1 b, ... as described in the embodiments one to fourteen of the cap 10, is a simultaneous analysis of the diaper wearing person or the skin of this person on fabrics 20, for example Inflammation germs or inflammatory substances possible.

Furthermore, alternatively, the cap 10 may have a guide 54 or an insertion aid 55. For this purpose, FIG. 28 a shows a guide 54 which is formed in the inside of the jacket wall 2 of the covering cap 10. By the guide 54, the orientation of the cap 10 can be specified within the meter 100 easier and as an orientation of the cap 10 to the meter 100 with a corresponding guide of equal design in the meter 100 are given.

Likewise, the covering cap 10 according to the invention can also have one or more insertion aids 55, 55a, 55b (FIGS. 38c, 38d). The insertion aids 55a, 55b allow analogous to the guide 54 to introduce the cap 10 with a defined orientation in a meter 100 or the like and so for example to specify the alignment of the electrodes 41 to the meter 100 and / or the cap 10 to the application. Also, the orientation of the caps 10 with an indicator 1 1 or an administration substance 50 can be specified as analog. The insertion aids 55a, 55b can have different configurations and be designed, for example, similar to a needle which is inserted into a corresponding opening in the measuring device 100.

The twenty-six embodiments of the cap 10 or six combinations shown in FIGS. 1 to 39b can also be combined with one another. For this purpose, for example, on the end wall 1, an administration substance be arranged next to a conductor substance 40 and an indicator 1 1 to cover combinatorial applications.

A further aspect of the present invention is the disposal of the cover caps 10 according to the invention. For this purpose, bioplastics can be used for this purpose or the plastics used can be designed for a specific service life. Furthermore, it is envisaged that the caps 10 after use before they are removed from the meter 100 are heated by a built in the meter 100 heat source that the criminal substance 50 of the indicator 1 1 or the Leitersubstand and other arranged on the cap 10 substances and substances burned or rendered harmless.

The advantage lies in the defined short-term use of the caps within 10 years, in particular use of 3-5 years (storage) or defined only by a year or less. For comparison, most caps will not rot after more than 100 years, which is a major challenge for storage, especially when the caps have been used in the medical sector. These must then be disposed of usually on special landfills for dangerous goods.

In the following, an embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a covering cap 10 made of a plastic film 31 is shown, wherein the production of the embodiments of a cap 10 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 39b is explained concretely.

Fig. 40 shows a plastic film 31 as a starting material with which the cap 10 is to be formed. The plastic film 31 has a thickness d _f of 0.4 mm in the initial state and consists of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG).

To form a face 1 with a thickness d _s of about 1 μηι to 10 μηι a punch 32 comprising a number of a plurality of partial punches 33 is used. In the present embodiment, the punch 32 comprises four part punches 33. The punch 32 is cylindrical and has a circular end face with a radius of 1 mm. Each partial punch 33 has a circular segment-shaped end face in the form of a quadrant with a radius of 1 mm. All sub-stamps 33 are arranged separately from one another and can be pivoted. In FIG. 41, a view of the partial punches 33 from the plastic film 31 is shown, as indicated by the section line V a. In a first forming step, the partial dies 33 abut each other, the quarter-circular end faces of the partial dies 33 together form a circular end face. The partial punches 33 are advanced together in this position in the area of the plastic film 31. As shown in Fig. 42, the plastic film 31 is thereby deformed. A volume 39 is formed, which is bounded by the plastic film 31 except for the side from which the partial punches 33 have penetrated into the plastic film 31. The outer shape of the formed from the plastic film 31 shape is determined by a first counter-mold, not shown, which rests against the outer casing wall 2 and on the end wall 1 of the formed from the plastic film 31 cap 10.

In the next step, shown in FIG. 43, the partial punches 33 are moved radially outward. In the present case, the plastic film 31 is heated simultaneously in the region of the partial punch 33 to a temperature of 40 ° C. As a result, the plastic film 31 is strongly pulled and thinned in the intermediate region between the partial punches 33, so that an end face 1 with a thickness d _s of about 4 μηι results.

In principle, it is provided that the partial punches 33 first perform an axial movement normal to the plane of the plastic film 31 (FIG. 42) and only when the partial punches 33 have assumed an end position in this direction, the partial punches 33 are displaced in the radial direction (FIG are to form the end face 1.

Alternatively, it is of course possible to combine the axial movement axial movement normal to the plane of the plastic film 31 and the radial displacement of the partial punch 33 to the outside with each other, so that a superposition of the two movements of the partial punch 33 is present.

If a rectangular or square end face 1 is to be created, it is sufficient if the individual partial punches 33 are each guided to a trainee corner of the end face 1, as shown in FIG. 45. However, if a circular end face 1 is to be created, the part punches 33 can additionally, as shown in FIG. 44, be set in rotary motion about the common axis X. The rotational movement is superimposed by the radially outward movement of the partial punch 33. The individual partial punches 33 thus move along a helical movement path, wherein the circular cylindrical lateral surfaces of the partial punches 33 are in each case in contact with the plastic foil 31. As previously described in connection with the formation of rectangular or square end faces 1, a combined axial and radial movement of the partial punch 33 in the formation of circular end faces 1 is possible. In this case, the partial punches 33 perform a movement along a spiral path of motion which extends helically and widening downward in a spiral shape and represents a superposition of an axial and a radial movement and a rotational movement about the axis X.

As shown in FIG. 43, a volume 39 is formed which has a height n in relation to an imaginary continuation of the upper edge of the plastic film 31. This height is determined by the feed length of the individual part punches 33 axially in the direction of the axis X. By the feed rate of the partial punch 33 and by fixing the temperature of the partial punch 33 and the plastic film 31 in the axial direction, the thickness of the volume 39 laterally bounding shell wall 2 is set, in particular the thickness in the region in which the plastic film 31 in the Mantle wall 2 passes particularly strongly on the respective feed rate and the respective temperature is dependent.

The thickness of the jacket wall 2 can be determined by selecting the temperature of the plastic film 31 and the partial punch 33 and by the feed rate of the partial punch 33 in the axial direction. The thickness di of the shell wall 2 in the formed shell wall portion 7 can be continuously examined, wherein in the event that the thickness di is too low, the feed rate of the partial punch 33 is reduced in the axial direction or the temperature of the plastic film 31 or the partial punch 33 is reduced becomes. On the other hand, if the thickness d 1 is too large, the feed rate of the partial dies 33 in the axial direction is increased or the temperature of the plastic film 31 or the partial punch 33 is increased.

In the present embodiment, a plastic film 31 is used with a thickness of 0.4 mm, which was heated to 40 ° C during processing. The partial punches 33 have a temperature of 45 ° C and form a volume 39 with a height of 4 mm. Subsequently, the partial punches 33, as shown in Fig. 45, moved radially outward, initially a rectangular end face is formed with a side length of about 4 mm. In a further, shown in Fig. 44 step, the part punches 33 are set in a rotational movement, wherein the part punches to the Rotate axis X. The circular cylindrical lateral surfaces of the partial punch 33 rest against the inner wall of the formed casing wall.

In Fig. 46 and Fig. 47, the formation of further casing wall sections 8, 9 of the cover 2 with different thickness d ₂ , d _{3 is} shown. Instead of the partial punch 33, a further punch 36 or a plurality of further punches is used in the following steps, whose outer shape corresponds to the shape of the respective cap 10.

As shown in Fig. 46, the further punch 36 is advanced into the formed volume 39, wherein the respective wall thickness d _{2 of} the formed in this process step area of the shell wall 2, hereinafter called intermediate section 8, is thinner than the wall thickness di the area of Mantle wall 2, hereinafter referred to as first thickening section 7. The thickness d _{2 of} the casing wall 2 in the intermediate section 8 is, as already stated in the preparation of the first thickening section 7, determined by the feed rate of the further punch 36 and by the temperature of the further punch 36 and the temperature of the plastic film 31.

The outer shape of the formed from the plastic film 31 portion of the cap 10, in particular of the intermediate portion 8 is defined by a second counter-mold, not shown, which rests against the outer shell wall 2 and on the end wall 1 of the formed from the plastic film 31 cap 10.

In the present embodiment, the plastic film 31 remains at its deformation at a temperature of about 40 ° C to 50 ° C, then the further punch 36 is introduced into the second counter-mold. The second counter-mold is heated to a temperature of about 40 ° C to 50 ° C. The intermediate region between the additional punch 36 and the second counter-mold corresponds to the desired shape of the cover cap 10 in the first thickening section 7 and in the intermediate section 8, in the present exemplary embodiment the wall thickness in the intermediate section 8 is less than in the first thickening section 7.

Subsequently, as shown in Fig. 47, the further punch 36 further advanced, wherein a second thickening portion 9 is formed, the thickness d _{3 is} greater than the thickness d ₂ in the intermediate section.

The outer shape of the formed from the plastic film 31 portion of the cap 10, in particular of the adjoining the intermediate portion 8 second Thickening portion 9 is defined by a third counter-mold, not shown, which rests against the outer jacket wall 2 and on the end wall 1 of the formed from the plastic film 31 cap 10.

In the present embodiment, the plastic film 31 remains at its deformation at a temperature of about 40 ° C to 50 ° C, then the further punch 36 is introduced into the second counter-mold. The third counter-mold is heated to a temperature of about 40 ° C to 50 ° C. The intermediate region between the further punch 36 and the third counter-mold corresponds to the desired shape of the cap 10 in the first thickening section 7, in the intermediate section 8, as well as in the second thickening section.

Fig. 48 shows the completion of the cap by separating from the plastic film. After shaping and profiling of the entire casing wall 2, the jacket wall is still connected to the plastic film 31. In a final step, the plastic film 31 is separated along a predetermined cutting line 37, in the present embodiment, the plastic film 31 is punched along the shell wall. As a result, the cap 10 is separated from the rest of the plastic film 31.

By cutting along the cutting line 37, a base wall 3 of the cap 10 is formed, which extends parallel to the end surface radially from the end face 1 far end of the lateral surface 2 to the outside , Alternatively, it is also possible, by a further deformation process, the base wall 3 facing away from the end wall 1 and projecting radially outwardly from the lateral surface 2 at an angle of up to 20 °, in particular of up to 10 °.

After the end of the molding, either before or after cutting off the cap 10 along the cutting line 37, the plastic film 31 forming the cap 10 is heated to a temperature of between 50 and 120 ° C for a predetermined period of 3 to 4 seconds, depending on the plastic used , heated in the present case to 75 ° C. In the course of this process, the plastic film 31 forming plastic is transformed by the heating. The plastic film 31 loses its thermoplastic properties. Due to the effect of heat, the plastic film 31 forming molecular chains are split, whereby a greater permeability of the cap 10, in particular in the region of the end face 1 is created. The longer the heat exposure to the plastic film 31 lasts and ever this is more intense, in particular the higher the selected temperature, the shorter the molecular chains forming the plastic film 31 become, and the greater the permeability of the end face 1 becomes.

Alternatively, instead of heating the cap, it is also possible to form holes 6 in the form, in this case microholes or nanoholes, in the end wall 1, preferably exclusively in the end wall 1, in order to achieve increased permeability to molecules of a specific size. The formation of the micro and nanoholes can be done by using a laser beam and perforation by puncturing with a heated microneedle.

It is particularly advantageous if the covering cap 10 has a very high rigidity in the region remote from the peripheral edge 4, which serves for the stability of the covering cap. The rigidity of the cap 10 increases towards the center on the casing wall 2, wherein the casing wall 2 again has a greater rigidity in the area surrounding the end wall 1. The elasticity of the jacket wall 4 is greatest in the region of its thinnest point or in the region of its location with the lowest rigidity.

Preferably, the rigidity or elasticity of the casing wall 4 is distributed homogeneously around the circumference and varies only with the distance to the end wall 1.

In Fig. 49a and 49b a production variant or the application of the indicator 1 1 is shown. On a stamp 250, the indicator 1 1 is applied. After the molding step as described above, the cap 10, the stamp 250 is pressed onto the end wall 1 of the molded cap 10 and the indicator 1 1 applied to the outside 35 of the end wall 1 (Fig. 49b). The indicator 1 1 is introduced by the pressure of the punch 250 in the material of the end wall 1 and connected to this example by heat. For this purpose, the plunger 250 and / or the cap 10 can be heated to a temperature at which the indicator 1 1 remains stable.

Alternatively, the indicator 1 1 may be applied as a solid by means of the punch 250 and by multiple stamping layers are introduced over layers of indicator substances. By pressure, temperature and gravity, and porosity of the cap 10 of the indicator 1 1 or the indicator substance is superficially or in deeper layers of the cap 10 installed. Due to the access from both sides of the plastic film 31 and the cap 10, may be different Entrances and porosities can be achieved. The polymer chains are temporarily changed by a suitable temperature and the pressure pushes the indicator 11 into the cap 10 or plastic film 31.

FIG. 50 shows a further production variant of the covering cap 10, in which case the indicator 11 is applied and fixed on the plastic film 31 before the shaping step by means of punches 250. The plastic film 31 can then be further formed as described in FIGS. 42 to 48. The attachment of the indicator 11 on the plastic film 31 is positioned according to the later position of the indicator 11, on the part of the plastic film 31, which later corresponds to the end wall 1, the shell wall 2 or other parts of the wall.

Alternatively, the conductive substance 40, the indicator 11 or the administration substance 50 may be applied analogously to the application of the indicator 11 by means of plunger 250 before (FIG. 50) or after (FIG. 49 a and 49b) the shape of the cap 10.

The bulge may be introduced into the plastic film 31 or the end wall 1 of the molded cap 10 before or after forming the cap 10, and then administering the delivery substance 50 therein prior to molding or after molding.

Alternatively to the application by means of a punch 250, the administration substance 50, the indicator 11 and / or the conductive substance 40 may be dissolved in a liquid and dropped onto the plastic film 31 or the wall of the molded cap 10 in the region of the end wall 1 or the shell wall 2 , By heat, the solvent is evaporated or the plastic is superficially melted and the administration substance 50, the indicator 11 and / or the conductive substance 40 are introduced into it.

Alternatively, the administering substance 50, the indicator 11 and / or the conductive substance 40 may also be dropped onto the cap 10 and be drawn into and thus held in the wall by the porosity of the plastic of the wall. It is also possible to print the administration substance 50 and / or the indicator 11 and / or the conductive substance 40 onto the covering cap 10. Furthermore, the administration substance 50, the indicator 1 1 and / or the conductor substance 40 can be encapsulated by encapsulation with the aid of a barrier 21 or a carrier substance 16, for example in wax, oil, fat, etc. as an emulsion.

Furthermore, the administration substance 50, the indicator 11 and / or the conductive substance 40 can be dissolved in gases which are passed through the covering cap 10 or the plastic film 31 and accumulate as particles in the material.

Another manufacturing method is shown in FIG. 51. On the opposite side of the plastic film 31 or the wall of the cap 10 to which the conductor substance 30 is to be deposited, a magnet 251 is attached. The conductive substance 40, for example graphite powder, is then applied and pulled or held by the magnet 251 in the desired position or to the point to be applied. For example, beeswax having a melting point of 62 ° C.-65 ° C. is dripped onto the graphite powder and thus fixed on the plastic film 31 or the covering cap 10, thus forming the conductive substance 40. The beeswax can be dissolved in heated alcohol or dissolved in turpentine oil and applied to the graphite fine powder.

Alternatively, the graphite powder may be stirred into the beeswax and then applied to the plastic film 31 or cap 10. The magnet 251 then pulls or fixes the conductive substance 40 until it is dry until the wax cools down at the desired position.

FIG. 43 a shows the forming step of the covering cap 10 with nubs 53 as described in FIGS. 40 to 42. However, the partial dies 33 used have a number of elevations corresponding to the knobs 53 to be produced. The elevations are formed according to the negative shape of the nubs 53. If the partial dies 33 (FIG. 41 a) are pressed into the plastic film 31, the nubs 53 form first. After linear or radial displacement of the partial dies 33 relative to one another, the end wall 1 is formed, wherein the thickness of the end wall 1 and the nubs 53 is determined.

To form a holder or the clip 24, FIGS. 48b and 48c show a corresponding production step, the shape of the clip 24 in the plastic film 31 is first punched out, and then the clip 24 is bent by deformation, preferably under the effect of temperature. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 52a and 53b, the clip 24 may also be punched or deep-drawn or shaped by means of one or more correspondingly formed punches or partial punches 33, similar to the shell wall 2 and the end face 1 of the cover cap 10. On a plastic film 31 and several caps 10 can be made, which are then punched or cut after their production.

The cap 10 may also according to the invention of two or more different materials A, B, C, ... consist (52a to 52c). Thus, the casing wall 2 and the end wall 1 may consist of the same material B and the base wall 3 of a different material A (FIG. 52a).

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 52b also parts of the shell wall 2 and the end wall 1 made of a material C, the rest of the shell wall 2 of a second material B and / or a third material D (Fig. 52c) and you base wall 3 again consist of a fourth material A.

Likewise, the end wall 1. the casing wall 2 and the base wall 3 each consist of a different material A, B, C (FIG. 52d).

The materials A, B, C, D may have different physical and / or chemical and / or electrical properties.

The wall of the covering cap 10 may also comprise a number of layers in at least one part of the wall and be nonuniform in material, that is to say consist of several layers of different materials. The layers can then have different physical and / or chemical and / or electrical properties according to the properties of the materials and thus cause substances to penetrate into the different layers or prevent deeper penetration corresponding to their thickness.

The production of a cap 10 consisting of several materials A and B is shown by way of example in FIGS. 54 and 55. In this case, the plastic film 31 consisting of a material A can be punched out and another material B can be inserted into the punched-out region (FIG. 54). The materials may then be subjected to a joining process, such as welding or rolling, and bonded together. Likewise, the plastic film 31 consisting of a material A may be printed with a second material B or the material B may be applied thereto and then joined thereto by means of a rolling process (FIG. 55).

Alternatively, the indicator 1 1 may also contain a reactant, such as e.g. Include primers for DNA analysis, wherein the reagent for adapter sequences and / or protein sequencing is formed. For this purpose, furthermore, the microholes or nano-holes 6 in the covering cap 10 can be designed in such a way as to enable a potential analysis, in particular measurements of the DNA properties. The DNA passes through the microholes or nanoholes 6 to the reaction substance or primer and / or to a defined aqueous depot in which the potential analysis is then carried out by a corresponding measuring device 100.

For this purpose, the DNA can be irradiated after recording in the cap 10, for example by means of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 260 nm. During this process, the cap 10 is heated and the light absorption is increased e.g. 40% (20% -80%). This makes it possible to determine the GC content and, for example, a bacterium in a wound or on the skin is determined. With which bacterial cultures, especially for skin diseases, can be detected. The GC content is a feature of DNA molecules and indicates the percentage of the DNA bases guanine and cytosine in the total of the bases (guanine, cytosine, adenine and thymine) in percent. The GC content is determined from the photometrically determined melting temperature with the empirical formula (Tm - 69.4) χ 2.44.

The indicator 1 1 can be further offset for separation of the DNA and subsequent gas detection by means of a meter 100 analysis with at least one release agent. The release agent is selected from the group comprising: polydimethylsiloxane, 100% methyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 5% phenyl, 95% dimethyl; Polycyanopropylphenylsiloxane, 25% cyanopropyl, 25% phenylmethyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 14% phenyl, 86% dimethyl;

Polycyanopropylphenylmethylsiloxane, 6% cyanopropylphenyl, 94% dimethyl; Polyphenylmethylcyano siloxane, 6% phenyl, 6% cyano, 88% methyl; Polyethylene glycol; Polyethylene glycol-2-nitroterephthalsäureester. Alternatively, a further additional introduction of DNA amplification into the cap 10 and the indicator 1 1 may be provided to increase the detection speed.

Alternatively, the indicator 1 1 may also comprise a DNA purification or detection liquid in as a reactant or part of the reagent.

In the case of DNA analysis, in particular indicator substances, production under clean room conditions and automated production are advantageous in order to prevent the DNA from persons or foreign DNA involved in the production from getting into or onto the covering caps. The packaging of these caps 10 takes place in a sterile environment and the packaging is suitable for transport, depending on the indicator 1 1, for example, in UV and / or temperature instability of the indicator 1 1, a UV protection and / or temperature protection is provided. When handling the cap, direct contact with the DNA-sensitive surface is avoided. Special adulteration caution due to contamination is to be considered.

For example, biopolymers such as proteins or nucleic acids are introduced into the pores or holes, in particular the end wall 1, by dissolving them in liquid form and applying them to the end wall 1 in certain areas of the end wall 1 or in the form of plugs and drying them.

In one embodiment, proteins (proteins) are denatured by the application of energy in the form of heat, this is called coagulation. This leads to an unfolding of the chains and thus to a permeability on a biochemical basis. This can be reversible or irreversible. The denaturation may be flocculent, i. permeable, or clotting, ie less permeable, be.

The reverse process of denaturation is called renaturation. Biochemically, individual components, nucleotides and amino acids or even the entire molecular chain are vibrated so much by energy that other binding forces, in particular ionic, polar and Van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic effects, between different areas of the molecular chain be lifted and such bonds are resolved. Disulfide bridges are usually cleaved by reduction with sulfhydryls. Closures can be specifically blocked by the presence of a substance that leaves the skin and the pore or the area. This can be, for example by thioalcohols which have the ability to bind mercury (II) ions, as well as mercaptans.

As a result of this binding, this pore or this area becomes less permeable and, in the case of thiols in particular, in particular indicates the presence of mercury as a result of the change in the permeability. If the thiols are suitably functionalized, such as with ssDNA or proteins, this system forms a biosensor. As a result of the metal-complexing property, this is used, for example, in various antidotes against heavy metal poisoning, in particular with lead, mercury or cadmium. These antidotes are contained as substances preferably in the indicator 1 1 and can inactivate a poison or reduce its effect or cancel. These antidotes are another example of such a substance that can be used to change the permeability of the end wall 1 of the cap 10. For example, a decorative poration antidote stored in the end wall 1 can reduce the permeability of the end wall 1 when it is in contact with the respective toxic substance.

Thus, if an antidote used to inactivate a particular toxic species is embedded in the end wall 1 of the cap 10, contact with the toxic substance in question will cause the permeability of the end wall 1 to be at that point where the body is exposed toxic substance is located, reduced accordingly. This change in permeability can then be determined.

To increase the DNA, the DNA sequence is marked by means of one or more primers and amplified with the aid of DNA amplification. For this purpose, an indicator substance is contained on the cap 10, which in addition to the primers and deoxy nucleotides, such as dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP, further concentrated polymerase buffer solution, optionally water and optionally Pfu or Taq DNA polymerase or contains other thermostable DNA polymerases.

The process starts by the DNA, for example, by means of the aid of an adhesive, for example, taken from the oral mucosa on the cap 10 or applied. Preferably, the cap 10 is then removed from the object before the DNA replication is performed. For this purpose, for example, the following method steps a) to c), in particular multiply, preferably cyclically, carried out: a) denaturation (melting, melting). Heating the DNA to 94-96 ° C; b) Primer annealing: The temperature of the DNA is maintained at a value for about 30 seconds which allows specific attachment of the primers to the DNA. The temperature is normally chosen to be about 5-10 ° C below the melting point of the primer sequences; this usually corresponds to a temperature of 55 to 65 ° C. c) Elongation (Extending, Polymerization, Extension, Amplification): The DNA molecules are brought to a temperature of about 68-72 ° C, depending on the working optimum of the DNA polymerase used. This step takes about 30 seconds per 500 base pairs, but varies depending on the DNA polymerase used.

The necessary water may be contained in the DNA replicants or provided by the measurement object itself, e.g. Oral mucosa. The number of repetitions or the number of cycles can be varied depending on the task until the measurement sensitivity is reached. This depends on the DNA quantity, the compositions and the questions. Usually, an increase comprises up to 20-50 cycles of steps a) to c).

If contaminated DNA is present or the DNA to be examined is enclosed in cells, purification of the DNA and also disruption of the cells and the nucleus may be carried out by the following procedure so that the DNA is present directly on the cap. The purification of the DNA and optionally the denaturation of the cell wall is carried out enzymatically on the cap, for example by adding proteinase K, whereby a comminution of the DNA molecules and destruction of the cell wall or the foreign DNA takes place.

An alternative or complementary method of purification is repeated freezing and thawing of the contaminated DNA. In one embodiment, this can be done, for example, by means of a Peltier element integrated in the measuring device, which is embodied as a multipeltier element which enables a temperature increase of approximately 50K to 100K. Due to the low mass of the cap 10 and the selection of the material of the cap 10 with a high thermal conductivity cooling and heating can be achieved by Peltier elements at least on the face, which preferably lie directly on the cap 10 or in the vicinity of the cap 10 and are separated from this only by an air gap. By This heating and cooling the cells or impurities are destroyed in the form of foreign DNA by shear forces of the resulting ice crystals and perforation. By an exemplary treatment with hypotonic buffer solutions, a hypotonic lysis of the cells or the impurities takes place in the form of foreign DNA. In a preferred embodiment, a heating element may alternatively be provided in the measuring device 100 in addition to the Peltier element. The cooling can also take place in such a way that, instead of the cooling by means of the Peltier element, a possibly passive air cooling or cooling with other heat exchange media is provided.

For non-plant DNA, e.g. For example, the following DNA purification substances can be used according to the application of human, animal DNA:

Using variants of phenol-chloroform extraction such as trizole, the cell membrane is disrupted and the membrane lipids are dissolved out of the cell membrane. In yeast cells, autolysis is induced with toluene, which creates holes in the cell membrane. Enzymatic lysis with zymolyase destroys the glucan cell wall while, for example, Triton X-100 destroys the cell membrane.

In the case of Gram-positive bacteria, treatment with lysozyme destroys the peptidoglycan shell, and then, for example, the cell membrane can be detached with Triton X-100.

In Gram-negative bacteria, the lipopolysaccharide of the outer cell membrane is dissolved by treatment with EDTA, then the treatment with lysozyme destroys the Peptidoglycanhülle, then with Triton X-100, the cell membrane can be destroyed.

In the case of Gram-negative bacteria, the membrane lipids can also be saponified by means of alkaline lysis, because of the high pH, this method is also denaturing.

As a DNA detection fluid is a variety of different substances in question. For example, an inactive fluorescent dye, for example SYBR Green, can be used as detection fluid. By fluorescence measurements, DNA can be detected. If the DNA is increased as described above, the increase can be detected due to the increasing fluorescence of the fluorescent dye.

SYBR Green I, which binds to double-stranded DNA, forms, together with the DNA, a fluorescent dye complex that absorbs blue light at a wavelength λ _max = 494 nm absorbed and emitted green light at A _max = 521 nm. Further, albeit much weaker, absorption maxima are in the UV range at 284 nm and 382 nm. SYBR Green I also binds to single-stranded DNA as well as RNA. However, the fluorescence signal resulting from binding to single-stranded DNA or RNA is significantly lower compared to the fluorescence obtained when binding to a double-stranded DNA.

Alternatively, ethidium bromide, methylene blue or silver staining is used to stain DNA. Similar cyanine dyes for staining of DNA are e.g. SYBR Green II, which is used in particular for the detection of RNA and single-stranded DNA, SYBR Gold, SYBR Safe, YO (Oxazole Yellow), TO (Thiazole Orange) and PG (PicoGreen).

DNA binding molecules are e.g. Spermine, spermidine, polyethyleneimine, pentamidines and lexitropsins, and DNA-binding proteins.

Claims

claims:

1 . Cover cap (10) for the detection of substances, characterized in that on at least one wall of the cap (10) superficially deposited and / or embedded in the material of the wall one of the cap (10) forming material or composite material of different indicator (1 1) which is sensitive to a substance (20) to be indexed and in the presence of the substance (20) permanently or temporarily changes its state from an initial state, arranged such that the substance (20) from the outer region of the covering cap (10) to the indicator (1 1) arrives.

2. Cover cap (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover cap (10) by a peripheral edge (4) limited end wall (1) and at the peripheral edge (4) of the end wall (1) subsequent shell wall (2) wherein the end wall (1) and the casing wall (2) delimit an interior space (37), the cap (10) facing an inner space (37) and an outer area of the cap (10) facing the inner wall opposite outer side (35) and that

a) the indicator (1 1) in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside (35) of the end wall (1) and / or

- The inside of the front wall (1) and / or

- The outside (35) of the jacket wall and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall (2) is arranged and / or

b) the indicator (1 1) in the material of the end wall (1) and / or the jacket wall (2) is arranged.

3. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) upon contact with the substance (20) at least one physical and / or chemical and / or thermal and / or electrical property changes, and that this change in the characteristic of the indicator (1 1) can be detected by a measuring device (100) that can be arranged, in particular, within the covering cap (10).

4. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) on contact with the substance (20) its physical and / or chemical and / or thermal and / or electrical property

- irreversibly changes or - or that the indicator (1 1) reversibly changes and returns to its initial state, wherein the duration of the reaction (t _R ) of the indicator (1 1) with the material to be indexed (20) is substantially shorter than the cooldown (t _A ) in which the indicator (1 1) returns to its initial state.

5. cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least one wall, in particular the end wall (1) and / or the jacket wall (2), the cap (10) superficially or embedded in the material one of which Cover cap (10) forming material or composite material is arranged various additional binding substance (12) which binds, in particular volatile, substances (20) for which the indicator is sensitive.

6. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) on contact with the substance (20) its optical properties, in particular its optical interaction properties, preferably optical material damping and / or its optical window and / or optical modes and / or optical scattering and / or optical absorption, changes its transparency, opacity or its reflective or absorbing behavior compared to the initial state and, in particular, for certain, in particular visible, wavelength components,

and / or that the material of the cap (10) is provided with a dye and that the contrast between the indicator (1 1) and the dye upon detection of the substance (20) by the indicator (1 1) from the contrast between the indicator ( 1 1) and the dye is different in the initial state.

7. cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the cap (10) electrodes (41), in particular with comb structure, are arranged, and that the electrodes (41) are covered with a graphene layer or with multiple graphene layers ,

8. cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a part of the wall of the cap (10), in particular the jacket wall (2) and / or parts of the end wall (1), free of the indicator (1 1) is, wherein the parts of the wall containing a dye free of the indicator (1 1) are.

9. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) only after exceeding a Concentration threshold of the substance (20) changes its physical, chemical or thermal property.

10. cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one wall of the cap (10) superimposed or incorporated in the material of the wall more of the cap (10) forming material or composite materials different, in particular different from each other, indicators (1 1 a, 1 1 b, ...).

1 1. Cover (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the indicators (1 1 a, 1 1 b, ...) are different in their chemical, physical, thermal or optical properties.

12. cap (10) according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the indicators (1 1 a, 1 1 b, ...) at different areas of the cap (10), in particular at different areas within or superficially on the end wall (1) and / or the jacket wall (2) are arranged.

13. cap (10) according to claim 10 to 12, characterized in that different indicators (1 1 a, 1 1 b, ...) in different layer depths of the wall, in particular the casing wall (2) and / or the end wall (1 ), the cap (10) are arranged.

14. cap (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that

a) the indicators (1 1 a, 1 1 b, ...) are in a reaction relationship to each other, b) that the first indicator (1 1 a)

upon reaction with the substance (20) changes its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property or

reacts with the substance (20) and forms a messenger (23),

c) that a further indicator (1 1 b) closer to the inside of the wall than the first indicator (1 1 a) is arranged, and

d) that the further indicator (1 1 b)

- When changing the physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property of the first indicator (1 1 a) or

- When producing the messenger (23) by the first indicator (1 1 a) changes its physical, chemical, thermal or electrical property. 31

15. cap (10) according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized

- That on the outer side (35) of the wall, in particular the casing wall (2) and / or the end wall (1), a reaction substance (13) is arranged, wherein the substance (20) upon application of the Reaktionsssubtanz (13) to a is formable,

- That preferably on the interior (37) facing surface of the wall, in particular the casing wall (2) and / or the end wall (1), the indicator (1 1) is arranged, and

- That between the reaction substance (13) and the indicator (1 1) lying region of the cap (10) for the substance (20) is permeable.

16. cap (10) according to claim 15, characterized in that the reaction substance (13) includes or is an allergen.

17. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a part of the wall of the cap (10), in particular the jacket wall (2) and / or the end wall (1), permeable to the substance (20) is formed wherein the wall of the cap (10), in particular the shell wall (2) and / or the end wall (1), impermeable to impurities, in particular body secretions such as feces, urine, blood, pus and / or saliva, or an antibacterial or self-cleaning coating or lotus coating or a coating with titanium effect and / or comprises a contamination-indicating coating comprising in particular Biodorus, which is designed so that the contact with impurities can be displayed,

18. Cover cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the indicator (11) comprises at least one auxiliary substance (15) which can be converted into the indicator substance by external excitation, in particular by heat, light and / or chemical processes, and / or

the indicator (11) has a plurality of auxiliary substances (15a, 15b), wherein the auxiliary substances (15a, 15b) can be converted into an indication substance by external excitation, in particular by heat, light and / or chemical methods.

19. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) comprises an indicator substance and a carrier (16), wherein the indicator substance incorporated in the carrier (16) and so is formed such that the indicator (1 1) for the substance (20) in the initial state is not sensitive and that the carrier (16) activates the indicator (1 1) after mechanical, chemical or thermal action.

20. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) comprises an indicator substance, wherein the indicator (1 1) by a barrier (21) separated from the environment of the cap (10) or encapsulated is, wherein the barrier (21) destroyed by external excitation or for the substance (20) is permeable and wherein in particular by an acting on the cap (10) pressure, the indicator substance is pressed out.

21. Cover (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) consists of one of the following indicators or substances or a mixture thereof:

- pH indicators (acid-base titrations), in particular litmus, bromothymol blue or phenolphthalein, redox indicators, complex indicators, solvatochrome indicators, thermoindicators, mixed indicator, contrast indicator, moisture indicators,

Antidotes, in particular antidotes for the absorption of metastatic metals,

- Fluorescence indicator, enzymes, biochemical catalyst, in particular

Group I: oxidoreductases

• Group II: transferases

• Group III: hydrolases

• Group IV: lyases (synthases)

• Group V: isomerases

Group VI: ligases (synthetases),

22, cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier (16) consists of one of the following substances or substances or a mixture thereof, consists of:

- colloidal vehicle systems such as microemulsions (ME), - drug molecules with sufficient lipophilicity,

small hydrophilic molecules, in particular urea or propylene glycol,

galenic vehicle systems, in particular microemulsions,

- Penetration retarder or reducer.

23. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary substance (15) consists of one of the following substances or substances or a mixture thereof, consists:

Gases, liquids, solids, air constituents, in particular C02 or 02, water, water vapor, substances that occur in or on the surface of the skin, bacteria, viruses.

24. Cover (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the outer side (35) of the cap (10) a lubricant (18) and / or care agent (19) is applied and the lubricant (18) and / or Care means (19) on the outside (35) of the cap (10) is arranged such that the indicator (1 1), in particular the indicators (1 1, 1 1 b ...), by the lubricant (18) and / or care products (19) is covered.

25. Cover cap (10) according to claim 24, characterized in that the cover cap (10) and / or the indicator (1 1) comprises an adhesive substance, wherein the adhesive substance is arranged such that the adhesive substance in application of the cap (10) an object comes in contact with the object,

- That the parts of the article when removing the cap (10) adhere to the adhesive substance.

26. cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a first indicator (1 1 a), which changes its state in the presence of a first substance (20a) and at least one second indicator (1 1 b), in particular a number of other indicators (1 1 c, 1 1 d, ...), which changes state in the presence of a second substance (20b) and a calculator (22) comprising a calculator substance, which depends on the state of the first indicator (1 1 a) and second Indicator (1 1 b) changes its state, wherein preferably the calculator (22) consists of one of the substances or a mixture of substances according to claim 21.

27. Cover cap (10), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

- That the wall defines an interior space (37), wherein the cover cap (10) facing the interior (37) inside and a the outer region of the cap (10) facing and on the wall of the inside opposite outer side (35) and

- That at least one wall of the cap (10) superficially deposited or incorporated in the material of the wall, at least one of the cap (10) forming material or composite material is made of conductive material existing conductor substance (40) arranged such that

a) from the interior (37) to the outside (35) at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

b) within the interior (37) of the cap (10) at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

c) along the outer side (35) of the cap (10) at least one electrical contact can be produced and / or

d) within the wall at least one electrical contact can be produced,

and wherein preferably the conductive substance (40) is formed from one or more conductive polymers with intrinsic or extrinsic conductivity, which is preferably doped, in particular doped p-doped.

28. Cover cap (10) according to claim 27, characterized in that the cover cap (10) by a peripheral edge (4) limited end wall (1) and at the peripheral edge (4) of the end wall (1) adjoining shell wall (2) wherein the end wall (1) and the casing wall (2) delimit an interior space (37), the cap (10) facing an inner space (37) and an outer area of the cap (10) facing the inner wall opposite outer side (35) and that

a) the conductive substance (40) in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside (35) of the end wall (1) and / or

- The inside of the front wall (1) and / or

- The outside (35) of the jacket wall and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall (2) is arranged and / or b) the conductor substance (40) in the material of the end wall (1) and / or the jacket wall (2) is arranged.

29, cap (10) according to any one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that on the outer side (35), in particular the end wall (1), the cap (10) electrodes (41) are arranged, wherein by the conductor substance (40 ), between the interior (37) of the cap (10) and the electrodes (41) an electrical contact, in particular with a low, preferably constant, roughness, is formed, wherein preferably the electrodes (41) as holey structures and / or conductive Lattice structures, and / or holey layers, in particular pores, are formed, which cover the cap (10).

30. Cover cap (10) according to any one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that on the outer side (35) and / or the inside, in particular on the end wall (1), electrically conductive contact surfaces (42), in particular with a roughness of less than 0.4μηι, in particular less than 20nm, are formed, wherein by the conductor substance (40), between the interior (37) of the cap (10) and the contact surfaces (42), an electrical contact is formed.

31. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the conductor substance (40), the electrodes (41) and / or the contact surfaces (42) consist of one, in particular doped, conductive, in particular the same adhesive or one include such.

32. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 27 to 31, characterized

- that the conductor substance (40), the electrodes (41) and / or the contact surfaces (42) consists of one of the following materials or a mixture thereof: plant starch, stearin (biodegradable), palm fat, vegetable fat, paraffin, beeswax, beeswax with capillary separating acids,

that as conductive substance carbon, in particular graphite or graphene, silver, in particular in the form of silver nanoparticles, carbon, tin oxide, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, sodium, tungsten, salt, tungsten, zinc, brass, iron, chromium, Lead, titanium, stainless steel, mercury, gadolinium, graphite, conductive polymers, doped germanium, doped silicon and tellurium or a combination of said substances is incorporated in the material and / or

- That the material comprises binders for binding the conductive substances.

33. Cover (10) for administering one or more administration substances, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

- That on at least one wall of the cap (10) superficially deposited or incorporated in the material of the wall, one of which the cap (10) forming material or composite materials different administration substance (50), is arranged such

- That by mechanical and / or chemical and / or thermal action on the cap (10) and / or

by irradiation of the cap (10)

the administration substance (50), preferably completely, more preferably in a defined amount, is detachable from the covering cap (10) or can be dispensed from the covering cap (10).

34. A cap (10) according to claim 33, characterized in that the administering substance (50) is a medicament, analgesic, disinfectant, hormone, indicator substance to be administered, conditioner, barrier barrier (50a), homeopathic agent or supplement, in particular a food supplement , or a combination of the aforementioned substances, in particular

the cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 26 is formed and has an indicator (1 1) for the detection of substances, in particular of those substances which are released upon exposure of the barrier opening material (50a) on the skin of this become.

35. Cover cap (10) according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the cover cap (10) of a peripheral edge (4) limited end wall (1) and at the peripheral edge (4) of the end wall (1) adjoining shell wall (2 ), wherein the end wall (1) and the jacket wall (2) delimit an interior space (37), the cover cap (10) facing the interior (37) inside and the outside of the cap (10) facing and on the wall the inside opposite the outside (35) and that

a) the administration substance (50) in or on one or more of the surfaces

- The outside (35) of the end wall (1) and / or

- The inside of the front wall (1) and / or

- The outer side (35) of the jacket wall (2) and / or

- The inside of the jacket wall (2) is arranged and / or b) the administration substance (50) in the material of the end wall (1) and / or the jacket wall (2) is arranged.

36. cap (10) according to claim 35, characterized in that the end wall (1) in particular completely, over the peripheral edge (4) out into the interior (37) of the cap (10) is folded and a recess (51) is formed, which in particular has a definable volume, wherein the administration substance (50) is arranged in the indentation (51) and the administering substance (50), in particular by a within the interior (37) of the cap (10), disposable dispensing element (109), from the recess (51) can be brought out, wherein the indentation (51) in particular has a tapered, constant or widening cross-section and / or is preferably formed as a cavity or trough.

37. Cover cap (10) according to claim 36, characterized in that the end wall (1) is flexible and the indentation (51) over the peripheral edge (4), in particular completely, can be folded out.

38. Cover cap (10) according to any one of claims 33 to 37, characterized in that the administration substance (50) by a heat source, in particular in the interior (37) of the cap (10) can be arranged measuring device (100) or therapy device comprising a heat source (107), destructible and in particular combustible.

39. Cover (10) according to any one of claims 33 to 38, characterized in that the administration substance (50) is covered by a sealing cover (52), wherein in particular the sealing cover (52) completely covers the indentation (51) and extends along the peripheral edge (4) extends.

40. A cap (10) according to any one of claims 33 to 39, characterized in that the administration substance (50) by a barrier (21) from the environment of the cap (10) is separated or encapsulated, wherein the barrier (21) by external Excitation is destructible or becoming permeable and wherein in particular by a force acting on the cap (10) pressure, the administering substance (50) is pressed out.

41. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 2 to 40, characterized in that at least a part of the cap (10) has a thickness (d ₂ ) which is smaller as the thickness (d ₃ ) of the casing wall (2) in a section (9) of the casing wall (2), which lies in the region or end of the casing wall (2) remote from the end wall (1) and / or

the covering cap (10) consists of at least two different materials, preferably with different physical and / or chemical and / or electrical properties, wherein in particular the casing wall (2) the end wall (1) and / or subregions thereof are made of different materials.

42. cap (IO) according to claim 41, characterized in that the jacket wall (2) has at least one circumferential portion (8) whose thickness (d ₂ ) is less than that thickness (d ₃ ) of the jacket wall (2) in one Section (9) of the jacket wall (2) which is in the region facing away from the end wall (1) or end of the jacket wall (2).

43. Cover cap (10) according to claim 2 to 42, characterized in that the end wall (1) at least one location a thickness (d _s ) in the range of less than 100 μηι, preferably between 0.01 μηι and 20 μηι, in particular between 5 μηι and 10 μηι, wherein the end wall (1) in particular has a constant over its course, logarithmic or exponential thickness (d _s ).

44. Cover cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall, in particular the end wall (1), is gas-permeable, and / or has plugs and / or areas that in chemical, thermal and / or physical Change, especially in pressure change and / or the irradiation of preferably UV light and / or irradiation, change their permeability.

45. Cover cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall, in particular the end wall (1), radiation, vapor, moisture, particle, and / or translucent is formed and / or a number of , in particular vapor-permeable or gas-permeable, micro-holes (14) and / or nano-holes (6) and wherein in particular the jacket wall (2) has a higher radiation, vapor, moisture, particle, and / or light transmission than the end wall (1) having.

46. Cover cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover cap (10) of uniform material and / or is formed in one piece or materialununiform, and in particular of one or more thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable plastics, preferably one or more of the following materials or a mixture thereof:

PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol), PP (Polypropylene), PE (Polyethylene), PC (Polycarbonate), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), PS (Polystyrene), ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene ), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), ECOTERM S 900 T1, PETG / copolyester 67639,

wherein the material of the cap (10), in particular in addition, contains one or more of the following constituents:

- additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing materials,

wherein preferably the cover cap (10) in at least part of the wall and the end wall (1) comprises a number of layers, wherein preferably the plurality of materials are arranged in different layers.

47. Cover cap (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (10) is formed of the same material and / or in one piece, and in particular of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable bioplastic based on cellulose, polylactic acid or starch, wherein the material of the cap (10), in particular additionally, contains one or more of the following constituents:

- Binders, additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents.

48. Cover cap (10) according to claim 46 or 47, characterized in that the end wall (1) has a defined, uniform or non-uniform spacing of the braid of the polymer chains and / or the Graphene chains, wherein the thickness of the end wall (1) at least a point has a thickness (d _s ) in the range of less than 100nm.

49. Cover (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (10) in the end wall (1) facing away from the end wall of the jacket wall (2) latching recesses (5a) and / or latching projections (5b) for releasable attachment a measuring device or a measuring device (100) are provided, wherein the latching recesses or latching projections are preferably formed circumferentially and / or annular.

50. Cover cap (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover cap (10) has a seal, wherein the seal the cap (10), in particular the indicator (1 1), the administration substance (50) the electrode substance ( 40), or the wall, in particular the end wall (1), partially, in particular completely, surrounds and seals and / or that the cap (10) comprises a further indicator, in particular a pH indicator, which is designed such that at least a part of the wall of the cap (10) discolored on contact with the skin, so that a one-time use of the cap (10) is visible.

51. Combination of a measuring device (100), in particular for skin analysis, which is covered by a covering cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device (100) comprises at least one detector (101), which at least for the change of state an indicator (11, 11 b, ...) upon contact with the substance (20) is sensitive.

52. Combination according to claim 51, comprising a covering cap (10), which is designed according to one of claims 18 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device (100), in particular the detector (101), comprises at least one activation element (102), wherein the indicator (1 1) by the activation element (102) can be activated or the auxiliary substance (15) in the indicator substance of the indicator (1 1) is convertible or activated.

53. Combination according to one of claims 51 or 52, comprising a covering cap (10), which is designed according to one of claims 19 to 32, characterized in that the barrier (21) is formed by the measuring device (100), in particular the detector (101). , is rupturable or causes the carrier (16) to release the indicator (1 1).

54. Combination according to one of claims 51 to 53, characterized in that the distance of the detector (101) from the cap (10) during detection is a maximum of 10 mm.

55. Combination according to one of claims 51 to 54, characterized in that the detector (101) has a photomultiplier tube (PMT), in particular embodied as μΡΜΤ.

56. Combination of a measuring device (100), in particular according to claim 51 to 55, with a cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50, in particular according to Claims 27 to 32, is covered, characterized in that the measuring device (100) has at least one electrode terminal (104), wherein in particular the electrode terminal (104) with the conductor substance (40) or the Leitersubstanzen (40a, 40b, ...) is electrically connected.

57. Combination of a measuring device (100), in particular according to claim 51 to 56, which is covered with a covering cap (10), which is formed according to one of claims 1 to 50, in particular according to one of claims 33 to 50, characterized the measuring device (100) has a dispensing element (109), wherein the administration substance (50) can be removed or expelled, in particular by expressing the bulge (51) of the covering cap (10) over the peripheral edge (4) by the dispensing element (109) ,

58. A combination according to any one of claims 51 to 57 with a cap (10) according to any one of claims 33 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device (100) comprises a timer, wherein the duration of application of the administering substance (50) with the timer can be detected, and the timer in particular after a predetermined period of time (t _A ) emits a signal or the administration of the administration substance (50) interrupts.

59. A combination according to any one of claims 51 to 58 with a cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device (100) has an identification unit (106), wherein the identification unit (106) the use of the measuring device (100) only after entering an authorization key, in particular a password or a fingerprint enabled.

60. Combination according to one of claims 51 to 57 with a cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the measuring device (100) comprises a heat source (107) and / or radiation source (108), in particular the auxiliary substance (15), the indicator (1 1), the carrier (16) of the cap (10) is directed or is designed for heating or irradiation of the test object, object or a person.

61. Absorbent hygiene article, in particular diaper or sanitary napkin, characterized in that a combination according to one of claims 51 to 60 is arranged on the hygiene article, in particular the diaper or sanitary napkin, wherein the Combination is arranged in particular on the waistband of the diaper and is preferably integrated in a holder with clip (24).

62. Robot arm, in particular robot hand (300), comprising a number of combinations according to one of claims 50 to 58, and / or a number of caps according to any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the combinations and / or caps each on individual fingers the robot hand (300) are arranged.

63. Method for producing a covering cap (10), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 50,

a) wherein a plastic film (31), in particular a film consisting of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), is used as starting material for a deep-drawing process, which preferably has a thickness between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

- Wherein in a molding step b) the cap (10) from the plastic film (31) is formed and

- In one application step c) one of the cap (10) forming material or composite material of various indicator (1 1), which changes its state in the presence of a substance (20), in the plastic film (31) or on the surface of the plastic film (31),

- Before the formation of the cap (10) in or on the plastic film (31) is applied or introduced or

- After the formation of the cap (10) on the cap (10) is applied or introduced.

64. Method for producing a covering cap (10), in particular according to one of claims 27 to 50,

- In one application step c) one of the cap (10) forming material or composite material different from one or more conductive materials, in particular polymers with intrinsic or extrinsic conductivity, the in particular doped are preferably p-doped, existing electrode substance (40), in the plastic film (31) or on the surface of the plastic film (31),

- After the formation of the cap (10) on the cap (10) is applied or introduced.

65. The method according to claim 64, characterized in that

- In an admixing step d) prior to the application or introduction of the conductor substance (40) on or in the plastic film (31) or on or in the plastic film (31) molded cap (10) of the conductor substance (40) magnetic or magnetizable elements , in particular graphite powder, is added,

- wherein in a magnetization step e) at least one magnet (251) or an electric field is applied to a surface of the plastic film (31) or the cap (10), in particular the end wall (1),

- wherein in a positioning step f) before or after the magnetization step e) the electrode substance (40) on the plastic film (31) or on the plastic film (31) molded cap (10), in particular the end wall (1) is applied and is brought by the magnet (251) or the electric field, the electrode substance (40) in a defined position, and

wherein in a fixing step g) the positioned electrode substance (40) is incorporated in or onto the plastic film (31) or covering cap (10), in particular by local heating of the plastic film (31) or the covering cap (10), or by application of a, In particular, non-conductive, material (43) on the surface of the plastic film (31) or the cap (10) is sealed and / or fixed by means of an adhesive, in particular cellulose adhesive or plant adhesive.

66. Method for producing a covering cap (10), in particular according to one of claims 33 to 50,

- wherein a plastic film (31), in particular a film consisting of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol), is used as starting material for a deep-drawing process, which preferably has a thickness between 0.04 mm and 0.5 mm,

wherein in a shaping step b) the covering cap (10) is formed from the plastic film (31),

wherein in an application step c) one of the cap (10) forming material or composite material, preferably having a multilayer structure, different administration substance (50) in the plastic film (31) or on the surface of the plastic film (31),

- After the formation of the cap (10) on the cap (10) is applied or introduced.

67. The method according to claim 66, characterized

- That in the plastic film (31) prior to the formation of the cap (10) has a recess (51), in particular with a tapered, constant or widening cross section, preferably as a cavity or depression, is formed or

- That in the cover cap (10) after the formation of the cap (10) has a recess (51) is formed and

- That one of the covering cap (10) forming material or composite material different administration substance (50) is introduced into the bulge (51) or applied to the surface of the bulge (51).

68. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 67, wherein the indicator (1 1), the electrode substance (40) and / or the administration substance (50) by a stamp on the plastic film (31) or on the plastic film (31) molded cap (10), in particular the end wall (1), is printed or

- wherein the indicator (1 1), the electrode substance (40) and / or the administration substance (50) in liquid form and the indicator (1 1), the electrode substance (40) and / or the administration substance (50) on the plastic film (31) or onto the covering cap (10) formed from the plastic film (31), in particular the end wall (1), is dropped and then optionally dried, or

wherein the indicator (1 1), the electrode substance (40) and / or the administration substance (50) is in liquid form and the plastic film (31) or the covering cap (10) formed from the plastic film (31), in particular the End wall (1) in the indicator (1 1), the electrode substance (40) and / or the administration substance (50) is immersed and then optionally dried.

69. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 68, characterized - That after step a) in the forming step b) a punch (32) with a number of separately and / or synchronously movable, adjacent partial stamps (33) is pressed onto the plastic film (31) and

- That the individual part punches (33) are moved normal to the plane of the plastic film (31) and wherein the plastic film (31) is pressed by the pressure of the partial punch (33) in a counter-mold and is deformed into a cap shape.

70. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 69, characterized in that after the shaping step b) in a further Teilausformungsschritt b1) the individual partial punch (33) of the punch (32) during or after the forming step b) are spaced from each other, each the partial punch (33) is moved radially outwardly and / or corkscrew-like from the position of the punch (32), whereby in the plastic foil (31) an end wall (1), in particular with a thickness in the range of less than 100 μm, is preferred between 0.01 μηι and 20 μηι, in particular between 5 μηι and 10 μηι, is formed.

71. Method according to one of claims 63 to 70, characterized in that the plastic film (31) made of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable plastic, preferably one or more of the following materials or a mixture thereof, which are in particular connected by means of cold or hot rolling process consists :

- Additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents.

72. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 70, characterized in that the plastic film (31) consists of thermoplastic or plastically deformed or deformable bioplastic based on cellulose, polylactic acid or starch,

- Binders, additives, stabilizers, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents.

73. The method according to any one of claims 63 to 72, characterized in that the partial punches (33) during their radially directed away from their center movement in step c) along a about a central axis (X) spirally outwardly extending and widening curve be moved in rotation.

74. Method according to claim 63, characterized in that, in particular by means of a laser or laser array or a heated microneedle or nanoneedle or an array of heated microneedles or nanotubes, holes (6), in particular microholes (14) or nanoholes ( 6), in the end wall (1) are formed.

75. The method according to any one of claims 69 to 74, characterized in that each partial punch (33) comprises a projection for forming nubs (53), wherein when forming the end wall (1) of the cap (10) the nubs (53), are formed by impressing the elevations in the material of the end wall (1) to be formed.

76. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50, characterized in that the cover cap on the end wall (1) has a number of nubs (53), wherein the nubs (53) one, in particular radially the same distance to the center the end wall (1).

77. Cover cap (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 50 or 76, characterized in that the end wall (1) of the cap (10) has a number of subregions with different thicknesses, each in particular by a number of annularly arranged nubs ( 53a, 53b), bounded or separated from each other.

78. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 76 or 77, characterized in that the nubs (53, 53a, 53b) have a different, in particular a smaller, wall thickness than the end wall (1).

79. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50 or 76 to 78, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) comprises a reagent, in particular primer, for DNA analysis, in particular for adapter sequences and / or protein sequencing.

80. Cover cap (10) according to claim 79, characterized in that the reagent for DNA analysis with at least one release agent is added, selected from the group comprising: polydimethylsiloxane, 100% methyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 5% phenyl, 95% dimethyl; Polycyanopropylphenylsiloxane, 25% cyanopropyl, 25% phenylmethyl; Polyphenylmethylsiloxane, 14% phenyl, 86% dimethyl; Polycyanopropylphenylmethylsiloxane, 6% cyanopropylphenyl, 94% dimethyl; Polyphenylmethylcyano siloxane, 6% phenyl, 6% cyano, 88% methyl; Polyethylene glycol; Polyethylene glycol-2-nitroterephthalsäureester.

81. Cover (10) according to any one of claims 79 or 80, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) comprises a DNA amplification or multiple DNA amplification.

82. Cover cap (10) according to any one of claims 79 to 81, characterized in that the indicator (1 1) comprises a DNA cleaning or detection liquid.

83. Cover cap (10) according to one of claims 1 to 50 or 77 to 82, characterized in that the cover cap (10) has at least one guide (55) and / or at least one insertion aid (55), wherein the guide (55) and / or at least one insertion aid (55) is in each case designed such that when inserted into a measuring device (100), a defined orientation of the covering cap (10) to the measuring device (100) can be predetermined.