WO2016155638A1 - 一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组 - Google Patents

一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组 Download PDF

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WO2016155638A1
WO2016155638A1 PCT/CN2016/077956 CN2016077956W WO2016155638A1 WO 2016155638 A1 WO2016155638 A1 WO 2016155638A1 CN 2016077956 W CN2016077956 W CN 2016077956W WO 2016155638 A1 WO2016155638 A1 WO 2016155638A1
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light guide
guide plate
composite
light
display module
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PCT/CN2016/077956
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English (en)
French (fr)
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焦宪友
毛新磊
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苏州胜利精密制造科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016155638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155638A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite light guide plate and a liquid crystal display module thereof.
  • the reflection sheet 5 functions to reflect light through the reflection sheet 5 when the light is emitted from the back surface 33 of the light guide plate, and the light can be reflected again into the light guide plate 3 for recycling.
  • the existing light guide plate 3 generally uses PMMA material, and can prepare dots by printing, injection, hot pressing, inkjet, etc.
  • the structure of the light guide plate 3 is usually a rectangular parallelepiped, and the light source face is substantially perpendicular to the light exiting surface after polishing, and the light guide plate 3 is Separated from the reflection sheet 5, an air layer is formed between the light guide plate 3 and the reflection sheet 5.
  • 1 is a structure of a conventional light guide plate. When the light source 4 is incident on the light guide plate 3, reflection and refraction occur at the interface between the PMMA and the air, and scattering occurs at the diffusion dot or microstructure, and the critical angle of total reflection occurs. It is about 41°.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composite light guide plate, wherein the light exiting surface and the back surface of the light guide plate body respectively have a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface adjacent to the light incident side, and the incident light of the same angle passes through the light guide plate due to the inclined surface treatment.
  • the total optical path of one total reflection is also larger, and the light guide plate of the same size has a reduced total number of times of light reduction and a reduction in light loss.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display module.
  • the use of the composite light guide plate can eliminate the use of the rear case, thereby forming an ultra-thin display module, which can be used for a mobile phone. , flat screen, monitor and flat screen TV.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a composite light guide plate comprising a light guide plate body having a light entrance side, a light exit surface and a back surface, wherein the light exit surface and the back surface of the light guide plate body respectively have a first slope and a portion adjacent to the light incident side;
  • the second inclined surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface respectively form an angle ⁇ with the horizontal plane of the light guide plate, 0 ⁇ 20°, and the back surface of the light guide plate body has a composite reflective layer.
  • the composite reflective layer is integrated with the light guide plate body, and the reflective layer can be bonded by optical glue, or the specular reflection layer can be directly formed by back sputtering or chemical process. Because there is no air between the light guide plate body and the composite reflective layer, the refractive index difference is reduced, and the total reflection angle is increased. which is If the existing light guide plate right angle structure is used, the incident angle on the back surface of the light guide plate body will be smaller than the total reflection angle, that is, At this time, total reflection does not occur, but partial reflection and most of the refraction occur. The light refracting the body of the light guide plate absorbs and scatters through the composite reflection layer, and the light cannot continue to propagate forward.
  • the incident angle of the light When the light is incident on the inclined surface or the interface, the incident angle of the light will be larger than the incident angle of the existing light guide body, that is, I'>I. Accordingly, the incident angle of the reflected light on the back of the light guide body is also higher than that of the conventional one.
  • the light guide plate is large, that is, R'>R, within a certain angle, The light is totally reflected and can continue to travel forward.
  • the optical path of the incident light passing through the light guide plate body at the same angle is also larger, that is, L'>L, the light guide plate of the same size has a reduced total number of times of light reflection, and the light loss is also reduced. .
  • the composite reflective layer includes at least a reflective layer and an appearance layer, and has various technical solutions:
  • the composite reflective layer is composed of an optical bonding layer, a reflective layer and an appearance layer in this order from the back surface of the light guide plate body.
  • the optical coating 522 is a low refractive index coating
  • the optical bonding layer is a transparent adhesive optical adhesive
  • the reflective layer is a PET foamed layer.
  • the second technical solution of the composite reflective layer is that the composite reflective layer is composed of an optical bonding layer, an optical coating layer, a reflective layer and an appearance layer in order from the back side of the light guide plate body.
  • the optical coating is a low refractive index coating
  • the optical bonding layer is a transparent adhesive optical adhesive
  • the reflective layer is a PET foamed layer.
  • the third technical solution of the composite reflective layer is that the reflective layer is a high mirror mask. Floor.
  • the light guide plate body is a transparent material such as PMMA, Glass, or PC.
  • Another technical solution of the present invention is: a liquid crystal display module comprising the above composite light guide plate.
  • the light-emitting surface and the back surface of the light guide plate body respectively have a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface on the light-incident side portion, and the optical path of the incident light passing through the light guide plate at the same angle is also subjected to the total reflection of the light guide plate due to the inclined surface treatment. Larger, the same size of light guide plate, the total number of times of light reflection is reduced, and the light loss is also reduced.
  • the invention adds a composite reflective layer on the back side of the light guide plate body, and the composite reflective layer has a multi-layer structure, which is compatible with reflection and appearance functions. Compared with the existing display module, the back cover can be eliminated because of the use of the composite light guide plate.
  • the use of the ultra-thin display module can be used for mobile phones, tablets, displays and flat-panel televisions.
  • Figure 1 is a prior art light guide plate structure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional display module
  • Figure 3 is a composite light guide plate structure of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a composite light guide plate of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a composite light guide plate embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a composite light guide plate embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows the structure of an ultra-thin liquid crystal display module of the present invention.
  • liquid crystal glass 1 liquid crystal glass; 2 optical film assembly; 3 light guide plate; 3' light guide plate body; 31 (light guide plate / light guide plate body) light entrance side; 32 (light guide plate / light guide plate body) light exit surface; Light plate / light guide body) back; 34 light guide dot or microstructure; 35 first slope; 36 second slope; 37 composite reflective layer; 371 reflective layer; 372 appearance layer; 373 optical bonding layer; 374 optical coating; 4 light source; 5 reflective sheet; 6 rear shell.
  • a composite light guide plate includes a light guide plate body 3' having a light incident side 31, a light exit surface 32 and a back surface 33.
  • the light exit surface 32 and the back surface 33 of the light guide plate body 3' are The first inclined surface 35 and the second inclined surface 36 respectively form an angle ⁇ with the horizontal plane of the light guide plate, 0 ⁇ 20°, and the light guide plate body.
  • the 3' back has a composite reflective layer 37, which has a multi-layered structure that is compatible with reflection and appearance functions.
  • the composite reflective layer 37 and the light guide plate main body 3' are integrated, and the reflective sheet may be bonded by optical glue, or the specular reflection layer may be directly formed by back surface sputtering or chemical process. Since there is no air between the light guide plate body 3' and the composite reflective layer, the refractive index difference is reduced, and the total reflection angle is increased. which is If the existing light guide plate right angle structure is used, the incident angle on the back surface 33 of the light guide plate body will be smaller than the total reflection angle, that is, At this time, total reflection does not occur, but partial reflection and most of the refraction occurs. The light that refracts the light guide body 3' absorbs and scatters through the underlying composite reflective layer, and the light cannot continue to propagate forward.
  • the incident angle of the light when the light is incident on the inclined surface or the interface, the incident angle of the light is larger than the incident angle of the existing light guide plate body, that is, I'>I, and correspondingly, the incident angle of the reflected light on the back surface of the light guide plate body is also Will be larger than the traditional light guide plate, that is, R'>R, within a certain angle, The light is totally reflected and can continue to travel forward.
  • the optical path of the incident light passing through the light guide plate body at the same angle is also larger, that is, L'>L
  • the light guide plate of the same size has a reduced total number of times of light reflection, and the light loss is also reduced. .
  • Composite light guides can be implemented in a variety of ways, with the main difference being in composite reflective layers.
  • the composite reflective layer 37 is composed of an optical adhesive layer 373, a reflective layer 371, and an appearance layer 372.
  • the optical adhesive layer 373 is a transparent adhesive optical adhesive whose refractive index is lower than that of the light guide plate material, and the lower the better.
  • the reflective layer 371 is a PET foam layer, and its multilayer air interface can achieve a reflectance of 97% or more.
  • the appearance layer 372 can be realized by coating or laminating other substrates or films having an appearance function.
  • the light guide plate body 3' and the reflective layer are bonded together by an optical bonding layer 373. According to design requirements, the thickness of the optical bonding layer 373 is generally greater than 10 um to ensure bond strength.
  • the composite reflective layer 37 is composed of an optical bonding layer 373, an optical coating layer 374, a reflective layer 371, and an appearance layer 372.
  • the optical bonding layer 373 only acts as a bond, and the optical coating 374 is a low refractive index coating at which light is totally reflected. Because of the high cost of the low refractive index optical glue, this embodiment can make the optical coating 374 thin.
  • the optical bonding layer 373 can be made thick to ensure the bonding strength.
  • the composite reflective layer 37 includes a reflective layer 371 and an appearance layer 372, wherein the reflective layer 371 is a high-reflection mirror layer .
  • the high-reflection mirror layer can be realized by a vacuum-plated Al film, a magnetron-sputtered Al or Ag film, an electroless plating film, etc., and the mirror reflectance of 98% or more can be achieved by material and process optimization.
  • the light is reflected on the back surface 33 of the light guide body of the embodiment, there is a loss of brightness of more than 2% per reflection. The more the number of reflections, the more serious the light loss, so when the light propagates in the light guide body 3', The number of reflections should be minimized, that is, the pitch angle ⁇ of the light guide plate body 3' should be accurately calculated.
  • the ultra-thin display module using the above composite light guide plate can cancel the use of the rear case compared with the existing display module because of the use of the composite light guide plate.
  • the display module can be used to make mobile phones, tablets, displays and flat screen televisions.
  • a Glass material as the light guide plate body.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，包括具有入光侧（31）、出光面（32）及背面（33）的导光板本体（3 '），所述导光板本体（3 '）的出光面（32）和背面（33）在靠近入光侧（31）部分分别具有第一斜面（35）和第二斜面（36），该第一斜面（35）、第二斜面（36）分别与导光板水平面成夹角β，0＜β＜20°，所述导光板本体（3 '）背面（33）具有复合反射层（37）；由于存在斜面处理，同一角度的入射光经过导光板的一次全反射的光程也更大，相同尺寸的导光板，其光的全反射次数减少，光损失也减少。

Description

一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组 技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组。
背景技术
图2为现有显示模组结构截面图，其由模组前框、液晶玻璃1、胶框、光学膜片2、导光板3、反射片5、光源4及后壳6组成。反射片5和导光板3依次放置在后壳6腔体内，后壳6作为结构支撑及部分外观功能，此种结构复杂，整机厚度较厚，成本较高，而且背板一般为金属或者塑胶件，其颜色单一，很难制作不同的外观效果。反射片5的作用是，当光线从导光板背面33射出时，经过反射片5的反射，光线可以再次反射进导光板3里回收利用。
现有导光板3一般使用PMMA材料，可通过印刷、射出、热压、喷墨等方式制备网点，导光板3结构通常为长方体，对应光源端面抛光处理后基本与出光面垂直，而且导光板3与反射片5分离，导光板3与反射片5之间为空气层。图1为现有导光板结构，当光源4射入导光板3后，在PMMA和空气界面会发生反射和折射，在扩散网点或微结构处会发生散射，发生全反射的临界角
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000001
约为41°。当入射角I>41°时，在PMMA和空气界面发生全反射，光可以一直在导光板内反射向前传播。当入射角I’<41°时，在PMMA与空气界面，一部分发生发射，一部分发生折射从导光板32或33面射出。通过导光板背面33网点设计，当光线射入到网点或微结构上时，光线发生散射，从而控制部分光线从导光板正面32射出，从而实现背光效果。
发明内容
本发明目的是：提供一种复合导光板，其导光板本体的出光面和背面在靠近入光侧部分分别具有第一斜面和第二斜面，由于存在斜面处理，同一角度的入射光经过导光板的一次全反射的光程也更大，相同尺寸的导光板，其光的全反射次数减少，光损失也减少。
本发明另一目的是：提供一种液晶显示模组，相比现有显示模组，因为复合导光板的使用，可以取消后壳的使用，进而做成超薄显示模组，其可用于手机、平板、显示器和平板电视。
本发明的技术方案是：一种复合导光板，包括具有入光侧、出光面及背面的导光板本体，所述导光板本体的出光面和背面在靠近入光侧部分分别具有第一斜面和第二斜面，该第一斜面、第二斜面分别与导光板水平面成夹角β，0<β<20°，所述导光板本体背面具有复合反射层。
复合反射层与导光板本体为一体，可以通过用光学胶贴合反射片，也可以直接在背面溅射或化学工艺制作镜面反射层。因为导光板本体与复合反射层之间没有空气，其折射率差异减少，全反射角变大
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000002
即
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000003
如果使用现有导光板直角结构，在导光板本体背面的入射角将会小于全反射角，即
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000004
则此时不会发生全反射，而是发生部分反射和大部分折射，折射出导光板本体的光线经过复合反射层会发生吸收和散射，光线无法继续向前传播。光线射入到斜面或界面时，光线的入射角会比现有导光板本体的入射角大，即I’>I，相应的，其反射光线在导光板本体背面的入射角也会比传统的导光板大，即R’>R，在一定角度内，
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000005
光线发生全反射，可以继续向前传播。而且增加斜面处理后，同一角度的入射光经过导光板本体的一次全反射的光程也更大，即L’>L，相同尺寸的导光板，其光的全反射次数减少，光损失也减少。
进一步的，所述复合反射层至少包括反射层和外观层，其具有多种技术方案：
所述复合反射层的具体技术方案之一为：所述复合反射层从导光板本体的背面向外依次由光学粘结层、反射层、外观层构成。其中，所述光学涂层522为低折射率涂层；所述光学粘结层为透明粘性光学胶；所述反射层为PET发泡层。
所述复合反射层的具体技术方案之二为：所述复合反射层从导光板本体的背面向外依次由光学粘结层、光学涂层、反射层、外观层组成。其中，所述光学涂层为低折射率涂层；所述光学粘结层为透明粘性光学胶；所述反射层为PET发泡层。
所述复合反射层的具体技术方案之三为：所述反射层为高反射镜面膜 层。
进一步的，所述导光板本体为PMMA、Glass、PC等透明材料。
本发明的另一技术方案是：一种液晶显示模组，包括上述复合导光板。
本发明的优点是：
1.本发明中导光板本体的出光面和背面在靠近入光侧部分分别具有第一斜面和第二斜面，由于存在斜面处理，同一角度的入射光经过导光板的一次全反射的光程也更大，相同尺寸的导光板，其光的全反射次数减少，光损失也减少。
2.本发明在导光板本体的背面增加了复合反射层，复合反射层具有多层结构，兼容了反射和外观功能，相比现有显示模组，因为复合导光板的使用，可以取消后壳的使用，进而做成超薄显示模组，其可用于手机、平板、显示器和平板电视。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为现有导光板结构；
图2为现有显示模组结构截面图；
图3为本发明的复合导光板结构；
图4为本发明的复合导光板与现有导光板导光光路对比；
图5为本发明的复合导光板实施例1；
图6为本发明的复合导光板实施例2；
图7为本发明的复合导光板实施例3；
图8为本发明的超薄液晶显示模组结构。
其中：1液晶玻璃；2光学膜片组件；3导光板；3’导光板本体；31(导光板/导光板本体)入光侧；32(导光板/导光板本体)出光面；33(导光板/导光板本体)背面；34导光板网点或微结构；35第一斜面；36第二斜面；37复合反射层；371反射层；372外观层；373光学粘结层；374光学涂层；4光源；5反射片；6后壳。
具体实施方式
实施例：如图3所示，一种复合导光板，包括具有入光侧31、出光面32及背面33的导光板本体3’，所述导光板本体3’的出光面32和背面33在靠近入光侧31部分分别具有第一斜面35和第二斜面36，该第一斜面35、第二斜面36分别与导光板水平面成夹角β，0<β<20°，所述导光板本体3’背面具有复合反射层37，复合反射层37具有多层结构，兼容了反射和外观功能。
如图4所示，上述复合反射层37与导光板本体3’为一体，可以通过用光学胶贴合反射片，也可以直接在背面溅射或化学工艺制作镜面反射层。因为导光板本体3’与复合反射层之间没有空气，其折射率差异减少，全反射角变大
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000006
即
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000007
如果使用现有导光板直角结构，在导光板本体背面33的入射角将会小于全反射角，即
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000008
则此时不会发生全反射，而是发生部分反射和大部分折射，折射出导光板本体3’的光线经过底层复合反射层会发生吸收和散射，光线无法继续向前传播。本发明中，光线射入到斜面或界面时，光线的入射角会比现有导光板本体的入射角大，即I’>I，相应的，其反射光线在导光板本体背面的入射角也会比传统的导光板大，即R’>R，在一定角度内，
Figure PCTCN2016077956-appb-000009
光线发生全反射，可以继续向前传播。而且增加斜面处理后，同一角度的入射光经过导光板本体的一次全反射的光程也更大，即L’>L，相同尺寸的导光板，其光的全反射次数减少，光损失也减少。
复合导光板可以有多种实现方式，主要差异在复合反射层。
复合反射层的具体实施例1：如图5所示，复合反射层37由光学粘结层373、反射层371、外观层372构成。光学粘结层373为透明粘性光学胶，其折射率比导光板材料低，越低越好。反射层371为PET发泡层，利用其多层空气界面可以达到97％以上的反射率。外观层372可以通过涂布或者贴合其他带外观功能的基材或膜材实现。通过光学粘结层373将导光板本体3’和反射层结合在一起。根据设计要求，光学粘结层373厚度一般要大于10um，以确保粘结强度。
复合反射层的具体实施例2：如图6所示，复合反射层37由光学粘结层373、光学涂层374、反射层371、外观层372组成。相比实施例1，光学粘结层373仅起粘结作用，光学涂层374为低折射率涂层，光线在此界面发生全反射。因低折射率光学胶成本较高，此实施例可以将光学涂层374做薄， 而将光学粘结层373做厚保证粘结强度即可。
复合反射层的具体实施例3：如图7所示，与实施例1和实施例2相比，其复合反射层37包括反射层371和外观层372，其中反射层371为高反射镜面膜层。高反射镜面膜层可以采用真空镀Al膜、磁控溅射Al或Ag膜、化学镀膜等工艺来实现，通过材料和工艺优化，可以达到98％以上的镜面反射率。当光线在此实施例导光板本体背面33反射时，每反射一次即有2％以上的亮度损失，反射次数越多，光损失越严重，所以，当光线在导光板本体3’内传播时，应尽量减少反射次数，即需要精确计算优化导光板本体3’的斜边角度β。
如图8所示，采用上述复合导光板的超薄显示模组，相比现有显示模组，因为复合导光板的使用，可以取消后壳的使用。该显示模组可以制作手机、平板、显示器和平板电视。考虑到尺寸越大，产品的重量越大，对强度要求越高，优选使用Glass材料作为导光板本体。
以上仅是本发明的具体应用范例，对本发明的保护范围不构成任何限制。除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其它实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种复合导光板，包括具有入光侧(31)、出光面(32)及背面(33)的导光板本体(3’)，其特征在于：所述导光板本体(3’)的出光面(32)和背面(33)在靠近入光侧(31)部分分别具有第一斜面(35)和第二斜面(36)，该第一斜面(35)、第二斜面(36)分别与导光板水平面成夹角β，0<β<20°，所述导光板本体背面(33)具有复合反射层(37)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述复合反射层(37)至少包括反射层(371)和外观层(372)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述复合反射层(37)从导光板本体(3’)的背面(33)向外依次由光学粘结层(373)、反射层(371)、外观层(372)构成。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述复合反射层(37)从导光板本体的背面向外依次由光学粘结层(373)、光学涂层(374)、反射层(371)、外观层(372)组成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述光学涂层(374)为低折射率涂层。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述光学粘结层(373)为透明粘性光学胶。
  7. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述反射层(371)为PET发泡层。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述反射层(371)为高反射镜面膜层。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4或8所述的一种复合导光板及其液晶显示模组，其特征在于：所述导光板本体(3’)为PMMA、Glass、PC等透明材料。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种液晶显示模组，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1至9所述的复合导光板。
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