WO2016150266A1 - 一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150266A1
WO2016150266A1 PCT/CN2016/074389 CN2016074389W WO2016150266A1 WO 2016150266 A1 WO2016150266 A1 WO 2016150266A1 CN 2016074389 W CN2016074389 W CN 2016074389W WO 2016150266 A1 WO2016150266 A1 WO 2016150266A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cement board
expanded vermiculite
negative ions
releasing negative
vermiculite
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PCT/CN2016/074389
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈克俭
官军
陈其伟
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上海斯米克健康环境技术有限公司
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Priority to JP2017539494A priority Critical patent/JP2017534567A/ja
Priority to KR1020177013348A priority patent/KR101918248B1/ko
Publication of WO2016150266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150266A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
    • C04B14/204—Mica; Vermiculite expanded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in, or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in, or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in, or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
    • B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in, or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
    • C04B14/202—Vermiculite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/04—Heat treatment
    • C04B20/06—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
    • C04B2103/0097—Anion- and far-infrared-emitting materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building material, in particular to an expanded vermiculite cement board capable of releasing negative ions and a preparation method thereof.
  • the negative oxygen ion of air has the reputation of “air vitamin” and “air scavenger”. It not only purifies the air, but also is very beneficial to the health care of the human body.
  • the negative impact of negative oxygen ions on the health, longevity and life of the human body It has been verified by domestic and foreign medical experts through clinical practice.
  • the World Health Organization uses the concentration of negative ions in the air as an important indicator of air quality, and points out that when the concentration of negative ions in the air reaches more than 1000 per cubic centimeter, it can be called fresh air.
  • the concentration of negative ions in modern urban life has been less than 100 per cubic centimeter, and it has reached the point where physiological disorders and various diseases are easily induced. In this case, the market for negative ion products began to develop.
  • patent 201310032044.8 discloses a negative oxygen ion generator and a negative oxygen ion generating circuit.
  • a negative oxygen ion generating device comprising a high voltage wire, a plastic housing, a resistor, a conductor, an electrode, and a quartz glass tube.
  • the negative oxygen ion generating circuit includes a switch, an air pump, a transformer, a first high voltage capacitor C1, a high voltage diode D1, a second high voltage capacitor C2, an ozone generator, and the negative oxygen ion generator.
  • the negative oxygen ion generating device includes a power line, a switch, the ozone generator, a casing, a negative oxygen ion generator, a separator, a water tank, a gas blast, an air pump, a transformer, and an air guiding tube.
  • the negative oxygen ion generator, the negative oxygen ion generating circuit and the negative oxygen ion generating device have the advantages of generating free negative oxygen ions, but the release distance of the negative ions is very limited, and people can only "enjoy" the negative ions near the air outlet of the instrument.
  • the true stone paint layer is a mixture of a true stone slurry and a substance containing a release air negative oxygen ion material.
  • the material containing the released air negative oxygen ion material is tourmaline.
  • the decorative material has the ability to release negative oxygen ions due to the use of tourmaline, tourmaline releases negative oxygen ions at a relatively low rate and intensity, and generally only releases negative oxygen ions in a narrow range. Therefore, if the amount of "tourmaline" is insufficient in the production process, the negative ion concentration generated is insufficient, and it has no effect on human health and air purification. If the amount of "tourmaline” is too large, the radioactivity will exceed the standard requirements. Directly endanger human health.
  • the negative ion products mentioned above have various serious defects, resulting in the products not yet accepted by the market. The products have not been produced on a large scale so far, and the market prospects are not optimistic.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an expanded vermiculite cement board capable of releasing negative ions with low labor cost, low production cost and high output, and a preparation method thereof, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art described above.
  • an expanded vermiculite cement board capable of releasing negative ions wherein the raw material of the coating comprises the following raw materials of the volume fraction component:
  • the raw material comprises the following components in parts by volume:
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 600-1000 ° C and expanding it after 10-35 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 0.3 to 4 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 1,000 to 6,000 mesh.
  • the auxiliary material includes one or more of quartz sand, slaked lime, wollastonite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, and wood fiber.
  • a method for preparing an expanded vermiculite cement board capable of releasing negative ions comprising the steps of:
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the cloth conveying drum is adjusted to adjust the thickness of the layer, so that it can be made into a thin plate or a thick plate.
  • the natural dehydration refers to dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt
  • the vacuum dehydration refers to vacuuming the cloth transfer tray to dewater the material layer on the felt.
  • the molded product is first cured at room temperature for 3 to 6 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 100-200 ° C for 10-18 hours through an autoclave;
  • the expanded vermiculite cement board product is obtained by drying at a drying temperature of 70-100 ° C for 1-3 hours.
  • the stirring speed in the step (2) is 300 to 500 rpm, and the stirring time is 5 to 10 minutes.
  • the conveying speed of the felt transfer drum of the step (3) is 50-80 m/min, and the vacuum dewatering pressure is controlled to 0.02-0.04 MPa.
  • the expanded vermiculite cement board product is a thin plate of 3-10 mm, or a thick plate of 20-30 mm.
  • the particle size of the powder should be controlled within a fine state of 1000-6000 mesh. When the fineness exceeds this range, it is too fine to be detrimental to the production process. If the particle size is too large, the powder cannot be filled into the expanded ⁇ . The amount of negative oxygen ions released between the stone layers.
  • the particle size of the expanded vermiculite should be controlled between 0.3 and 4 mm, the particles are too small, affecting the release of negative oxygen ions of the plate and adjusting the humidity of the air. The particles are too large and will reduce the strength of the plate.
  • Tourmaline has the function of releasing negative oxygen ions, but pure tourmaline releases a small amount of negative oxygen ions and is slow.
  • the tourmaline is mixed with expanded vermiculite according to the proportion of the present invention. Expanded vermiculite is an insulator with many micro insides. The hole can accumulate charge and form various levels of potential difference.
  • "tourmaline” is a special structure of polar crystal with thermoelectricity and piezoelectricity. It is excited by the electric field formed by the meteorite and changes in the external temperature. Under the action, a large amount of negative oxygen ions are released, and negative oxygen ions are trapped by oxygen in the air to form negative oxygen ions.
  • expanding the vermiculite according to the ratio of the present invention can improve the ability of the tourmaline to release negative oxygen ions, and because the vermiculite has a higher layer charge number, it has a higher cation exchange.
  • the replacement capacity and strong cation exchange adsorption capacity can release negative oxygen ions for a long time.
  • the invention combines the micro tourmaline micropowder with the expanded vermiculite, cement and auxiliary materials in a unique ratio to form a plate, and can completely and efficiently release the natural negative ions without adding mechanical, heat or electric energy, completely eliminating the
  • the disadvantages of the existing negative ion products are used for interior decoration and interior decoration, which can improve the ambient air quality of people's daily life to the air level suitable for living in the World Health Organization---the permanent generation of negative oxygen ions is 1000 /cm 3 or more to meet the World Health Organization's regulations on clean air standards to meet the basic needs of the human body's 13 billion negative ions per day.
  • the negative ion product made by this new technology is an economical and practical passive, eco-friendly green negative ion generator, which is the first in China and abroad. It is widely used in interior decoration panels and automotive interior panels. The market prospect is very promising. .
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the air ion static measurement method can measure the air negative ion generation up to 1800-4000 ions/s.
  • Cm2 far superior to the industry standard (the building materials industry standard of the People's Republic of China JC/T2040-2010 "negative ion functional building interior decoration materials" stipulates: the amount of air negative ions is not less than 500ions/s.cm2). It is easy to form an anion forest bath environment with a release amount of 1000-6000/CM 3 or more.
  • the negative ions generated are easily absorbed by small particles, which can ensure the agile physiological activities, promote the metabolism of the body, eliminate fatigue, and improve
  • the human body's immunity and resistance play a role in alleviating and preventing human respiratory diseases and some chronic diseases.
  • 4.0 is an excellent green product: it can naturally breathe with the change of temperature, automatically adjust the dry humidity of indoor air, and release negative oxygen ions to improve the indoor living environment.
  • the product can be made into a thin plate of 3-10MM or a thick plate of 20-30MM, which can be flexibly applied.
  • interior wall panels exterior wall panels, ceiling panels, curtain wall liners, composite wall panels, automotive roofs and interior panels.
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 600 ° C and puffing after 10 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 0.5 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 6000 mesh;
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the crepe slurry conveying drum is 55 m/min, and the natural dehydration refers to dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt cloth, and the vacuum dehydration means that the rag pulp conveying roller is vacuumed to 0.03 MPa to make the felt cloth Dewatering of the layer;
  • the molded product is cured at room temperature for 3 to 6 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 100 ° C for 18 hours through an autoclave;
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 800 ° C and puffing after 20 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 4 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 1000 mesh;
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the slurry conveying drum is 50 m/min to adjust the thickness of the material layer, and the natural dehydration means dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt cloth, and the vacuum dehydration means that the felt cloth conveying roller is evacuated to 0.02 MPa.
  • the molded product is first cured at room temperature for 3 to 6 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 200 ° C for 10 hours through an autoclave;
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 900 ° C and puffing after 25 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 0.5 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 200 mesh;
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the slurry conveying drum is 80 m/min to adjust the thickness of the material layer, and the natural dehydration means dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt cloth, and the vacuum dehydration means that the felt cloth conveying roller is evacuated to 0.04 MPa.
  • the molded product is cured at room temperature for 4 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 120 ° C for 12 hours through an autoclave;
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 1000 ° C and expanding it after 10 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 0.3 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 1000 mesh;
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the felt slurry conveying drum is 70 m/min, and the natural dehydration refers to dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt cloth, and the vacuum dehydration means that the felt cloth conveying roller is evacuated to 0.03 MPa to make the felt cloth. Dewatering of the layer;
  • the molded product is first cured at room temperature for 3 to 6 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 150 ° C for 16 hours through an autoclave;
  • Drying drying at a drying temperature of 90 ° C for 2 hours yields a 10 mm expanded vermiculite cement board product.
  • the expanded vermiculite is obtained by placing the vermiculite raw material in a puffing furnace at 600 ° C and puffing after 35 s.
  • the expanded vermiculite has a particle diameter of 3 mm, and the tourmaline has a particle diameter of 6000 mesh;
  • the uniformly stirred slurry is conveyed to the felt of the running felt slurry conveying roller through the headbox, and the material layer is formed by natural dehydration and vacuum dehydration, and is wound and formed on the forming cylinder;
  • the conveying speed of the slurry conveying roller is 60 m/min to adjust the thickness of the material layer, so that a thin plate of 3-10 mm can be made or a thick plate of 20-30 mm can be made.
  • the natural dehydration refers to dehydration by natural evaporation on the felt
  • the vacuum dehydration refers to vacuuming the crepe slurry conveying drum to 0.02 MPa to dehydrate the material layer on the felt;
  • the molded product is first cured at room temperature for 3 to 6 hours, and then steamed at 1 MPa and 180 ° C for 16 hours through an autoclave;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法。该水泥板的制备方法包括：(1)取料；按体积份含量称取膨胀蛭石、水泥、电气石、辅料为原料。(2)拌料；将原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀。(3)成型；将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型。(4)养护；成型后的产品先常温养护3-6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、100-200℃蒸养10-18小时。(5)烘干；以70-100℃的烘干温度烘1-3小时。

Description

一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑材料，尤其是涉及一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法。
背景技术
空气的负氧离子素有“空气维生素”和“空气清道夫”的美称，它不但可净化空气，而且还对人体的保健非常有益，负氧离子对人体的健康、寿命及生命的重大影响，已为国内、外医学专家通过临床实践所验证。世界卫生组织(WHO)将空气中的负离子浓度作为衡量空气质量的重要指标，并指出，当空气中的负离子浓度达到每立方厘米1000个以上时，即可称之为清新空气。然而，现代都市生活中的负离子浓度已经低于每立方厘米100个，已经到了容易诱发生理障碍和各种疾病的程度。在这种情况下，负离子产品市场开始发展起来。
目前国内外负离子产品有了一些，最常见的一种是负离子发生器，利用尖端直流高压产生高电晕，释放负离子，如专利201310032044.8公开了一种负氧离子发生器、负氧离子发生电路及负氧离子发生装置，负氧离子发生器包括高压导线、塑料外壳、电阻、导体、电极和石英玻璃管。负氧离子发生电路包括开关、气泵、变压器、第一高压电容C1、高压二极管D1、第二高压电容C2、臭氧发生器和所述负氧离子发生器。负氧离子发生装置包括电源线、开关、所述臭氧发生器、外壳、负氧离子发生器、隔板、水箱、爆气石、气泵、变压器和导气管。该负氧离子发生器、负氧离子发生电路及负氧离子发生装置，具有可产生游离态负氧离子的优点，但负离子的释放距离很有限，人们只能在仪器出风口附近才能“享用”负离子的益处；它还有一个很大的弊端：就是在产生负离子的同时还会产生过量的臭氧，对人体有较大的危害；
还有一些诸如可释放负离子油漆、涂料及纺织品，这些产品是在油漆、涂料及纺织品中加入矿物材料“电气石”，利用其天然能量激发空气、水电离产生负离子。中国专利申请201410013701.9公开了一种释放空气负氧离子的内墙柔性装饰材料及其生产方法，由紧密叠压成一体的五层结构组成，其由下往上依 次为可再激励的铝酸盐水混粉料层、基本装饰砂浆层、加强材料层、真石漆层和耐候保护层。所述真石漆层为真石浆料与含有释放空气负氧离子材料物质的混合物。所述含有释放空气负氧离子材料物质为托玛琳。虽然该装饰材料由于采用托玛琳而具有释放负氧离子的能力，但是托玛琳释放负氧离子的速度和强度都比较小，而且一般来说只能在很窄的范围内释放负氧离子，因此，在生产过程中如果“电气石”的加入量不够，产生的负离子浓度不够，对人体健康及净化空气均无作用，若“电气石”的加入量过大，放射性会超过标准要求，直接危及人体健康。以上所述的负离子产品均有各种严重的缺陷，导致产品尚未被市场接受，产品至今未能规模生产，市场前景不被看好。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种人工费低，生产成本低，产量高的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板及其制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，该涂层的原料包括以下体积份含量组分的原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000001
所述的原料包括以下体积份含量的组分：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000002
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于600-1000℃，经过10-35s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为0.3～4mm，所述的电气石的粒径为1000～6000目。
所述的辅料包括石英砂、消石灰、硅灰石、硅藻土、膨润土、木质纤维中的一种或几种。
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)取料：按体积份含量称取膨胀蛭石、水泥、电气石、辅料为原料；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；可通过调整毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度来调整料层的厚度，从而可制成薄板也可制成厚板。所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空，使毛布上的料层脱水。
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、100-200℃蒸养10-18小时；
(5)烘干：以70-100℃的烘干温度烘1-3小时即得膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
步骤(2)所述的搅拌的速度为300～500rpm，搅拌时间为5-10min。
步骤(3)所述的毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为50-80m/min，真空脱水压力控制在0.02-0.04MPa。
所述的膨胀蛭石水泥板产品为3-10mm的薄板，或者为20-30mm的厚板。
在粉碎电气石时粉末粒度要控制在1000-6000目之内的微细状态，细度超过此范围时过于细致不利于制作过程，而未达到该范围时粉末过大会导致无法填入膨胀后的蛭石层间影响负氧离子的释放量。膨胀蛭石粒度要控制在0.3-4MM之间，颗粒太小，影响板材的负氧离子释放及调节空气干湿度的功能，颗粒太大，会降低板材的强度。
因此在粉碎过程中控制特定范围内的粒度这一细节是工艺的关键。
电气石具有释放负氧离子的功能，但是纯电气石释放负氧离子的量少、速度慢，按照本发明比例将电气石与膨胀蛭石混合，膨胀蛭石是一种绝缘体，内部有许多微孔，可累计电荷，形成各种级别的电位差，“电气石”是一种结构特殊的极性结晶体，具有热电性和压电性，在受到蛭石形成电场的激发下及外界温度的变化的作用下，释放出大量的负氧离子，负氧离子被空气中的氧气俘获后，形成了负氧离子。因此，按照本发明配比范围膨胀蛭石可以提高电气石释放负氧离子的能力，而且因为蛭石有较高的层电荷数，故具有较高的阳离子交 换容量和较强的阳离子交换吸附能力，可持久释放负氧离子。
本发明是将微量电气石微粉与膨胀蛭石、水泥以及辅料以独特的配比复合在一起，制成板材，不需要外加机械、热量或电能等即可永久、高效释放天然负离子，完全消除了现有负离子产品的弊端，用于室内装饰、车内装饰，可将人们日常生活的环境空气质量改善到世界卫生组织认定的适合居住的空气水平----负氧离子永久发生量在1000个/cm3以上，从而达到世界卫生组织对清新空气标准的规定，以满足人体每天130亿个负离子的基本需求量。由这种新技术制成的负离子产品是一种经济实用的无源、生态型绿色环保负离子发生器，在国内外均属首创，广泛应用于室内装饰板、汽车内饰板，市场前景十分看好。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
1.0可永久持续释放负离子，采用空气离子静态测定法测本产品空气负离子发生量可高达1800-4000ions/s﹒cm2，远优于行业标准的规定(中华人民共和国建材行业标准JC/T2040-2010《负离子功能建筑室内装饰材料》中规定：空气负离子发生量不低于500ions/s﹒cm2)。很容易形成释放量达到1000-6000个/CM3以上的负离子森林浴环境，所产生的负离子为小粒径负离子很容易被人吸收，可保证人们敏捷的生理活动，促进机体新陈代谢、消除疲劳，提高人体免疫力和抵抗力，对人体呼吸道疾病和部分慢性疾病起到缓解和预防作用，兼有清除污染物可有益人体的双重功效；它还可对甲醛等污染物净化率及持久性可达到93％以上，能迅速中和空气中属于正离子的焦烟、“二手烟”、甲醛、油烟及微尘(包括pm2.5)，能保持室内空气清新；其中甲醛净化性可达到94％以上、甲醛净化持久性可达到93.8％。
2.0产品放射性远低于国家标准要求，可安全使用。
3.0该产品既具有蛭石的独特优势外还具有硅酸钙板的特点：
3.1防火性能好，耐火级别可达A级；
3.2防腐蚀、防霉变；
3.3保温隔热，导热系数低；
3.4降噪、隔音；
3.5强度高、抗冲击性能好；
3.6耐水性能好，吸湿率高。
4.0是极佳的绿色环保产品：能随着温度的变化自然呼吸，自动调节室内空气的干湿度,同时可释放负氧离子，改善室内的居住环境。
5.0产品厚度范围大，使用面广
产品既可制作成3-10MM的薄板，也可制作成20-30MM的厚板，可灵活应用。
6.0产品产量高、成本低
7.0产品轻质，施工安装方便：
7.1该产品内加入了膨胀蛭石，具有轻质的优点；
7.2产品的背面可旋入锚栓或螺钉，实现了机械挂贴的方式，施工安装、拆卸极其方便。
8.0应用广泛
可用于建筑的内墙板、外墙板、吊顶板、幕墙衬板、复合墙体面板，汽车顶盖、内饰板。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法；
(1)按以下体积份含量组分准备原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000003
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于600℃，经过10s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为0.5mm，所述的电气石的粒径为6000目；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀，搅拌的速度为300rpm，搅拌时间为10min；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；调整 毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为55m/min，所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空至0.03MPa，使毛布上的料层脱水；
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、100℃蒸养18小时；
(5)烘干：以70℃的烘干温度烘3小时即得20mm膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
实施例2
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法；
(1)按以下体积份含量组分准备原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000004
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于800℃，经过20s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为4mm，所述的电气石的粒径为1000目；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀，搅拌的速度为500rpm，搅拌时间为5min；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；调整毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为50m/min来调整料层的厚度，所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空至0.02MPa，使毛布上的料层脱水；
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、200℃蒸养10小时；
(5)烘干：以100℃的烘干温度烘1小时即得30mm的膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
实施例3
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法；
(1)按以下体积份含量组分准备原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000005
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于900℃，经过25s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为0.5mm，所述的电气石的粒径为200目；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀，搅拌的速度为400rpm，搅拌时间为8min；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；调整毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为80m/min来调整料层的厚度，所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空至0.04MPa，使毛布上的料层脱水；
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护4h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、120℃蒸养12小时；
(5)烘干：以800℃的烘干温度烘2小时即得3mm膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
实施例4
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法；
(1)按以下体积份含量组分准备原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000006
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于1000℃，经过10s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为0.3mm，所述的电气石的粒径为1000目；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀，搅拌的速度为500rpm，搅拌时间为5min；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；调整 毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为70m/min，所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空至0.03MPa，使毛布上的料层脱水；
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、150℃蒸养16小时；
(5)烘干：以90℃的烘干温度烘2小时即得10mm膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
实施例5
一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法；
(1)按以下体积份含量组分准备原料：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000007
所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于600℃，经过35s膨化而成。
所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为3mm，所述的电气石的粒径为6000目；
(2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀，搅拌的速度为400rpm，搅拌时间为8min；
(3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；调整毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为60m/min来调整料层的厚度，从而可制成3-10mm的薄板也可制成20-30mm的厚板。所述的自然脱水是指在毛布上通过自然蒸发脱水，所述的真空脱水是指将毛布托浆输送滚筒抽真空至0.02MPa，使毛布上的料层脱水；
(4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、180℃蒸养16小时；
(5)烘干：以100℃的烘干温度烘1小时即得22膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
上述实施例所得膨胀蛭石水泥板的性能如下：
Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-000008

Claims (9)

  1. 一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，该涂层的原料包括以下体积份含量组分的原料：
    Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，所述的原料包括以下体积份含量的组分：
    Figure PCTCN2016074389-appb-100002
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，所述的膨胀蛭石是将蛭石原料置于膨化炉中于600-1000℃，经过10-35s膨化而成。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，所述的膨胀蛭石的粒径为0.3～4mm，所述的电气石的粒径为1000～6000目。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板，其特征在于，所述的辅料包括石英砂、消石灰、硅灰石、硅藻土、膨润土、木质纤维中的一种或几种。
  6. 一种根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)取料：按体积份含量称取膨胀蛭石、水泥、电气石、辅料为原料；
    (2)拌料：将上述原料通过搅拌器混合、搅拌均匀；
    (3)成型：将搅拌均匀的料浆经流浆箱输送至运行的毛布托浆输送滚筒的毛布上，通过自然脱水、真空脱水形成料层，缠绕在成型筒上滚压成型；
    (4)养护：成型后的产品先常温养护3～6h，然后经过蒸压釜于1MPa、100-200℃蒸养10-18小时；
    (5)烘干：以70-100℃的烘干温度烘1-3小时即得膨胀蛭石水泥板产品。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述的搅拌的速度为300～500rpm，搅拌时间为5-10min。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述的毛布托浆输送滚筒的输送速度为50-80m/min，真空脱水压力控制在0.02-0.04MPa。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种可释放负离子的膨胀蛭石水泥板的应用，其特征在于，所述的膨胀蛭石水泥板产品为3-10mm的薄板，或者为20-30mm的厚板。
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