WO2016150241A1 - 一种数据传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150241A1
WO2016150241A1 PCT/CN2016/070886 CN2016070886W WO2016150241A1 WO 2016150241 A1 WO2016150241 A1 WO 2016150241A1 CN 2016070886 W CN2016070886 W CN 2016070886W WO 2016150241 A1 WO2016150241 A1 WO 2016150241A1
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Prior art keywords
complex
sequences
data
sequence
preset
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PCT/CN2016/070886
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李卫敏
袁志锋
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/560,491 priority Critical patent/US10484209B2/en
Priority to EP16767618.8A priority patent/EP3261306B1/en
Publication of WO2016150241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150241A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/10—Code generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/16—Code allocation

Definitions

  • This application relates to, but is not limited to, wireless communication technologies.
  • Uplink multi-user access communication can be implemented by different multiple access technologies, for example, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), and code division. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA). Among them, the use of code division multiple access CDMA technology to achieve uplink multi-user access communication can provide excellent access performance, has been adopted by multiple wireless communication standards.
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • SDMA Space Division Multiple Access
  • multiple access terminals respectively use a certain length of extended sequence (for example, an extended sequence of L elements composed of L elements, wherein the elements can be digital symbols) to send data through
  • the data symbols after the amplitude and phase modulation for example, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
  • the expansion processing means that each modulated data symbol is multiplied by each element of the extended sequence to form and
  • the data symbols are respectively carried by the extended sequence of length L; then, the data obtained by the extended processing of the plurality of access terminal
  • CDMA belongs to the category of spread spectrum communication, because the data symbols after the terminal modulation are extended to L symbols by using the extended sequence of length L, and the transmission time of the L symbols after the extension processing is equal to that before the expansion.
  • the transmission time of the data symbol, then after the transmission extension processing The bandwidth required for the L symbols needs to be extended by a factor of L, so the spreading sequence is often referred to as a spreading sequence.
  • the symbols obtained by the extended processing of the access terminal may be through multi-carrier technology (for example, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Filter-Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC)). Transmission, code division multiple access and multi-carrier technology, that is, Multi Carrier-Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA).
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • FBMC Filter-Bank Multi-Carrier
  • MC-CDMA Multi Carrier-Code Division Multiple Access
  • the spreading process of the transmitter is relatively simple: multiplying each modulated data symbol by each symbol of the extended sequence of length L to obtain the extended L symbols, and then through single carrier technology or Multi-carrier technology is transmitted; the receiving process of the base station receiver is relatively complicated.
  • How to accurately separate the useful data information of each terminal from the superimposed signal to ensure the multiple access performance of the CDMA system is the key to the CDMA system, which involves two aspects, namely, the extended sequence and the receiver. Among them, the selection of the extended sequence is the performance basis, and the design of the receiver is the performance guarantee.
  • the extended sequence used by the terminal In order to obtain excellent multiple access performance, good cross-correlation characteristics are required between the extended sequences used by different terminals. If single-carrier code division multiplexing is used, the extended sequence used by the terminal also needs to have good autocorrelation characteristics to counter the influence of multipath delay spread; multi-carrier code division multiplexing technology can rely on multi-carrier technology. Against the influence of multipath delay spread, the design of the extended sequence can focus on the cross-correlation properties that facilitate the separation of multi-user information from the receiver.
  • the base station can use high-performance multi-user reception detection technology to separate multi-user information and obtain excellent multiple access performance, such as Serial Interference Cancellation (SIC) reception detection technology.
  • SIC Serial Interference Cancellation
  • its complexity is relatively high.
  • DS-CDMA Direct Sequence-Code Division Multiple Access
  • PN binary pseudo-random
  • DS-CDMA based on binary pseudo-random real sequence is also applied to MC-CDMA technology.
  • a binary pseudo-random real number sequence may also be referred to as a binary pseudo-random sequence, and the value of each element or symbol is usually expressed as 0 or 1, or may be expressed as a bipolar sequence, that is, a 0 table. Shown as +1, 1 is represented as -1, or 0 is represented as -1, and 1 is represented as +1.
  • the design of the extended sequence also needs to consider the length of the extended sequence.
  • the longer the extended sequence the easier the cross-correlation between the extended sequences used by different access terminals is, and the easier it is to select more low cross-correlation.
  • the sequence can thus support more terminals to access at the same time. If the number of terminals simultaneously accessed is greater than the length of the extended sequence, the system is considered to be in an overload state.
  • the non-orthogonal multiple access method can achieve greater system capacity or edge throughput than the orthogonal multiple access method. Therefore, in order to provide flexible system design, support more Users are simultaneously accessed, and different access terminals may use non-orthogonal spreading sequences. Since the spreading sequences of different access terminals are not orthogonal to each other, the receiving and detecting performance of each access terminal may be degraded as the number of terminals simultaneously accessed increases, and interference between multiple users may become excessive when the system is overloaded. more serious.
  • the code division multiple access CDMA technology adopts an extended sequence based on a binary pseudo-random real number sequence, and the length is relatively long.
  • the conventional reception is adopted.
  • the performance of a machine such as a RAKE receiver
  • the interference detection receiver such as a receiver using SIC technology
  • the low cross-correlation between sequences is not easy to guarantee.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and device, which are used to solve the related art
  • the problem of serious interference between multiple users and high complexity of reception detection affects the performance of multi-user reception detection and multi-user access communication performance.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, where the method includes:
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the acquiring the N data symbols to be sent includes:
  • N data symbols obtained by the X data bits passing through the first preset processing are used as the N data symbols to be sent;
  • X is an integer greater than or equal to N.
  • the first preset process or the second preset process includes:
  • Each k data bits is taken as one data symbol, where k is an integer greater than or equal to one.
  • N complex sequences are:
  • N mutually orthogonal complex sequences or, N non-orthogonal complex sequences.
  • the length of the complex sequence is L
  • each element of the complex sequence is a complex number
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the complex sequence are derived from the M-ary real number set, where L is an integer greater than 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the set of real numbers of the M-ary includes:
  • M is an odd number greater than 2, a set of M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2]; or,
  • M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2] are respectively multiplied by a set of M real numbers obtained by the first preset coefficient;
  • M is an even number greater than or equal to 2
  • the M odd numbers in the range of [-(M-1), (M-1)] are respectively multiplied by the set of M real numbers obtained by the second predetermined coefficient.
  • the determining the N complex sequences that need to be used includes:
  • the preset complex sequence set is determined according to the system fixed configuration; or the preset complex sequence set is determined according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset complex sequence set is Determining from the Q complex sequence sets according to the system fixed configuration; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset The plurality of sequence sets are determined from the set of Q complex sequences according to the transmitter identification information; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the set of Q complex sequences according to the data transmission resource Wherein Q is an integer not less than one.
  • the transmitter identity information includes at least one of: the transmitter number, the transmitter identity code, the transmitter location information, and the transmitter network address.
  • the processing the N data symbols by using the N complex sequences separately includes:
  • the N data symbols are respectively mapped into corresponding complex sequences of the N complex sequences.
  • the performing the superimposing process on the N data symbol sequences includes:
  • each data symbol sequence group includes at least two data symbol sequences, and adding at least two data symbol sequences in each of the data symbol sequence groups Or adding the preset processing separately.
  • the preset processing includes: power adjustment, amplitude adjustment, phase rotation, or delay processing.
  • the sending the superposed data symbol sequence includes:
  • a transmitted signal is formed on the data transmission resource for the superposed data symbol sequence and transmitted.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a data transmission device, the device comprising:
  • the obtaining module is set to: obtain N data symbols to be sent;
  • Determining a module setting: determining N complex sequences to be used;
  • a first processing module configured to: use the N complex sequence points determined by using the determining module And processing the N data symbols acquired by the acquiring module to generate N data symbol sequences;
  • the second processing module is configured to perform superposition processing on the N data symbol sequences generated by the first processing module to generate a superposed data symbol sequence
  • a sending module configured to: send the superposed data symbol sequence generated by the second processing module
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the obtaining module is configured to:
  • N data symbols obtained by the X data bits passing through the first preset processing are used as the N data symbols to be sent;
  • X is an integer greater than or equal to N.
  • N complex sequences are:
  • N mutually orthogonal complex sequences or, N non-orthogonal complex sequences.
  • the length of the complex sequence is L
  • each element of the complex sequence is a complex number
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the complex sequence are derived from the M-ary real number set, where L is an integer greater than 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the set of real numbers of the M-ary includes:
  • M is an odd number greater than 2, a set of M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2]; or,
  • M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2] are respectively multiplied by a set of M real numbers obtained by the first preset coefficient;
  • M is an even number greater than or equal to 2
  • M odd numbers in the range [-(M-1), (M-1)] respectively A set of M real numbers obtained by multiplying by the second predetermined coefficient.
  • the determining module is configured to:
  • the preset complex sequence set is determined according to the system fixed configuration; or the preset complex sequence set is determined according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset complex sequence set is Determining from the Q complex sequence sets according to the system fixed configuration; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset The plurality of sequence sets are determined from the set of Q complex sequences according to the transmitter identification information; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the set of Q complex sequences according to the data transmission resource Wherein Q is an integer not less than one.
  • the transmitter identification information includes at least one of the following: No., the transmitter identification code, the transmitter location information, the transmitter network address.
  • the first processing module is configured to:
  • the N data symbols are respectively mapped into corresponding complex sequences of the N complex sequences.
  • the second processing module is configured to:
  • each data symbol sequence group includes at least two data symbol sequences, and adding at least two data symbol sequences in each of the data symbol sequence groups Or adding the preset processing separately.
  • the sending module is configured to:
  • a transmitted signal is formed on the data transmission resource for the superposed data symbol sequence and transmitted.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions for performing the method of any of the above.
  • a data transmission method and apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention acquires N data symbols to be sent; determines N complex sequences to be used; processes N data symbols by using N complex sequences, and generates N data a symbol sequence; superimposing the N data symbol sequences to generate a superposed data symbol sequence; transmitting the superimposed data symbol sequence; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can use a complex sequence with a short length, which can effectively control the receiver detection complexity and multi-user interference, thereby effectively improving multi-user access communication performance and realizing multi-user overload connection. Incoming communication and/or multi-user scheduling-free access communication.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3 is a schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter in Embodiment 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter in Embodiment 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter in Embodiment 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic diagram of data transmission by a transmitter in Embodiment 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system described in the embodiment of the present invention is a data transmission transceiver system, including a transmitter, a receiver, and an associated function node, wherein the transmitter can be a terminal transmitter, a base station transmitter, or other type of transmitter, and receives
  • the device may be a base station receiver, a terminal receiver or other type of receiver, and the related function node may be a network management unit, an operation and maintenance unit, etc.; the description or operation related to the system in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by the terminal, or Can be implemented by a base station, or The implementation may be implemented by other types of transmitters or receivers, or may be implemented by related functional nodes;
  • “comprising” in the embodiments of the present invention should be understood as meaning including but not limited to.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a transmitter, as shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes:
  • Step 101 Acquire N data symbols to be sent, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • Step 102 Determine N complex sequences that need to be used.
  • Step 103 Process N data symbols by using N complex sequences to generate N data symbol sequences.
  • Step 104 Perform superposition processing on the N data symbol sequences to generate a superposed data symbol sequence.
  • Step 105 Send the superposed data symbol sequence.
  • the method may include:
  • N data symbols obtained by the X data bits passing through the first preset processing are used as N data symbols to be transmitted;
  • X is an integer greater than or equal to N.
  • the foregoing first preset processing or the second preset processing may include:
  • mapping according to a predetermined mapping rule
  • Each k data bits is taken as one data symbol, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • N mutually orthogonal complex sequences or, N non-orthogonal complex sequences.
  • the length of the complex sequence is L
  • each element in the complex sequence is a complex number
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the complex sequence are from the M-ary real number set, where L is greater than 1
  • An integer, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the foregoing set of M-ary real numbers may include:
  • M is an odd number greater than 2, a set of M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2]; or,
  • M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2] are respectively multiplied by a set of M real numbers obtained by the first preset coefficient;
  • M is an even number greater than or equal to 2
  • the M odd numbers in the range of [-(M-1), (M-1)] are respectively multiplied by the set of M real numbers obtained by the second predetermined coefficient.
  • the first preset coefficient may be the same as or different from the second preset coefficient, and the first preset coefficient and the second preset coefficient may be used to implement the energy normalization effect of the complex sequence.
  • step 102 determining the N complex sequences that need to be used, the method may include:
  • the preset complex sequence set is determined according to a fixed configuration of the system, or the preset complex sequence set is determined according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset complex sequence set is set from the Q complex sequence according to a fixed configuration of the system. Determined; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to the transmitter identity information; Or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence set according to the data transmission resource; wherein Q is an integer greater than 1.
  • the foregoing transmitter identity information may include at least one of the following: a transmitter number, a transmitter identity code, a transmitter location, and a transmitter network address.
  • the transmitter location may be geographic coordinate information of the transmitter, such as longitude and latitude coordinates
  • the transmitter network address may be a network protocol (IP) address or media access of the transmitter in the network.
  • Control Medium Access Control, MAC address.
  • step 103 processing N data symbols by using N complex sequences to generate N data symbol sequences, which may include:
  • the expansion process means that each data symbol is multiplied by each element (complex symbol) of the corresponding complex sequence to form a sequence of data symbols having the same length as the complex sequence.
  • the method may include:
  • each data symbol sequence group comprising a plurality of data symbol sequences, adding or separately performing data symbol sequences in each data symbol sequence group Add after the preset processing.
  • the foregoing preset processing may include: power adjustment, amplitude adjustment, phase rotation, or delay processing.
  • step 105 sending the superposed data symbol sequence
  • the method may include:
  • the superposed data symbol sequence forms a transmission signal on the data transmission resource and is transmitted.
  • the transmitter may first determine that the complex sequence to be used is performed first.
  • Step 102 or, in another possible case, the transmitter determines that the complex sequence to be used, step 102, may be performed only once during the transmitter's data transmission.
  • a data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: acquiring N data symbols to be sent; determining N complex sequences to be used; processing N data symbols by using N complex sequences, and generating N data a symbol sequence; superimposing the N data symbol sequences to generate a superposed data symbol sequence; transmitting the superimposed data symbol sequence; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can use a complex sequence with a short length, which can effectively control the receiver detection complexity and multi-user interference, thereby effectively improving multi-user access communication performance and realizing multi-user overload connection. Incoming communication and/or multi-user scheduling-free access communication.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission device 10, which is disposed in a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitter in the embodiment of the present invention may be a terminal transmitter or a base station.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the data transmission device 10 includes:
  • the obtaining module 11 is configured to: acquire N data symbols to be sent, where N is greater than or An integer equal to 2.
  • the determining module 12 is configured to: determine the N complex sequences that need to be used.
  • the first processing module 13 is configured to process the N data symbols acquired by the obtaining module 11 by using the N complex sequences determined by the determining module 12 to generate N data symbol sequences.
  • the second processing module 14 is configured to perform superposition processing on the N data symbol sequences generated by the first processing module 13 to generate a superposed data symbol sequence.
  • the sending module 15 is configured to: send the superposed data symbol sequence generated by the second processing module 14.
  • the obtaining module 11 is configured to:
  • N data symbols obtained by the X data bits passing through the first preset processing are used as N data symbols to be transmitted;
  • X is an integer greater than or equal to N.
  • the obtaining module 11 passes the X data bits through the first preset processing, or the obtaining module 11 passes the X data bits to the second preset processing:
  • the obtaining module 11 maps the X data bits according to a predetermined mapping rule
  • the obtaining module 11 performs amplitude and/or phase modulation on the X data bits; or
  • the obtaining module 11 takes each k data bits of the X data bits as one data symbol, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • N complex sequences are:
  • N mutually orthogonal complex sequences or, N non-orthogonal complex sequences.
  • the length of the complex sequence is L
  • each element of the complex sequence is a complex number
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the complex sequence are all from the M-ary real number set, where L is an integer greater than 1.
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the M-ary real number set includes:
  • M is an odd number greater than 2, a set of M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2]; or,
  • M integers in the range [-(M-1)/2, (M-1)/2] are respectively multiplied by a set of M real numbers obtained by the first preset coefficient;
  • M is an even number greater than or equal to 2
  • the M odd numbers in the range of [-(M-1), (M-1)] are respectively multiplied by the set of M real numbers obtained by the second predetermined coefficient.
  • the determining module 12 is configured to:
  • the preset complex sequence set is determined according to a fixed configuration of the system, or preset plural The sequence set is determined according to signaling sent by the system; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence set according to the system fixed configuration; or the preset complex sequence set is based on the signaling sent by the system from the Q complex number Determined in the sequence set; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to the transmitter identity information; or the preset complex sequence set is determined from the Q complex sequence sets according to the data transmission resource; Where Q is an integer greater than one.
  • the transmitter identity information includes at least one of the following: a transmitter number, a transmitter identity code, a transmitter location information, and a transmitter network address.
  • the first processing module 13 is configured to:
  • N-data symbols are respectively subjected to extension processing using corresponding complex sequences of N complex sequences to generate N data symbol sequences;
  • N data symbols are respectively mapped into corresponding complex sequences of N complex sequences to generate N data symbol sequences.
  • the second processing module 14 is configured to:
  • each data symbol sequence group includes a plurality of data symbol sequences, adding or separately performing data pre-processing in each data symbol sequence group Add after.
  • the foregoing preset processing may include: power adjustment, amplitude adjustment, phase rotation, or delay processing.
  • the sending module 15 is configured to:
  • the superposed data symbol sequence forms a transmission signal on the data transmission resource and is transmitted.
  • a data transmission apparatus acquires N data symbols to be sent, determines N complex sequences to be used, and processes N data symbols by using N complex sequences to generate N data symbol sequences.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can use a complex sequence with a short length, which can effectively control the receiver detection complexity and multi-user interference, thereby effectively improving multi-user access communication performance and realizing multi-user overload connection. Incoming communication and/or multi-user scheduling-free access communication.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below by using the embodiments.
  • the data transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided. It can be understood that the transmitter in the following embodiments can implement the functions of the data transmission device.
  • the transmitter first acquires two data symbols to be sent, and the obtaining method may include:
  • the two data bits b 1 b 2 output by the channel coder are respectively mapped according to a predetermined mapping rule (for example, when the value of the data bit is "0", it is mapped to the data symbol "1", When the value of the data bit is "1", it is mapped to the data symbol "-1"), and two data symbols s 1 and s 2 are obtained as two data symbols to be transmitted; or
  • the two data bits b 1 b 2 output by the channel coder are BPSK-modulated, respectively, to obtain two data symbols s 1 and s 2 as two data symbols to be transmitted; or
  • QPSK modulation is performed on two data bits b 1 b 2 output by the channel encoder to obtain a data symbol, and the real part data of the data symbol is used as the data symbol s 1 to be transmitted, and virtual Part data as the data symbol s 2 to be transmitted; or,
  • each data bit of the two data bits b 1 b 2 output by the channel coder is taken as one data symbol, and two data symbols s 1 and s 2 are obtained as two to be transmitted. Data symbol.
  • the transmitter may also acquire a plurality of data bits (more than two) output by the channel encoder according to a process similar to the above manner to obtain two data symbols to be transmitted.
  • each of the four data bits output by the channel coder is QPSK-modulated to obtain two data symbols as two data symbols to be transmitted, or the channel encoder is output.
  • Four data bits are subjected to 16QAM modulation to obtain a data symbol, and the real part data and the imaginary part data of the data symbol are used as two data symbols to be transmitted.
  • BPSK modulation can be implemented by amplitude modulation or phase modulation
  • QPSK modulation can be implemented by phase modulation
  • 16QAM modulation can be implemented by amplitude phase modulation.
  • the manner of mapping according to the predetermined mapping rule further includes implementing by means of constellation mapping or coordinate mapping.
  • the transmitter determines two complex sequences C 1 , C 2 that need to be used, and the determining method may include:
  • the transmitter is based on its number, identity code, location (eg, geographic coordinates), network address (eg, Internet Protocol (IP) address) Or the medium access control (MAC) address and other identification information determines the initial state of the random sequence generator according to the system preset rule and randomly generates two complex sequences to be used, or the transmitter according to its identity
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • MAC medium access control
  • the transmitter determines the initial state of the random sequence generator according to the system preset rule according to the used data transmission resource, and randomly generates two complex sequences to be used. ;or,
  • (9) determining, according to the transmitter identification information, two complex sequences to be used from the preset complex sequence set; for example, the transmitter determines its use according to the identification information such as its number, identity code, location, network address, etc. 2
  • the index of the complex sequence, according to which the two complex sequences to be used are determined from the preset complex sequence set. For example, if the transmitter number is A, the transmitter can determine that the index of the two complex sequences used is 2A. , 2A+1; or,
  • (10) determining, according to the two data symbols, two complex sequences to be used from the preset complex sequence set; for example, the transmitter acquires a preset complex sequence set respectively associated with the two data symbols, and according to each data Corresponding relationship between the symbol and the complex sequence in the associated preset complex sequence set determines a complex sequence corresponding to each data symbol from the preset complex sequence set, and obtains 2 complex sequences as two required to be used.
  • a complex sequence wherein the preset complex sequence set associated with each data symbol, the correspondence between each data symbol and the complex sequence in the associated preset complex sequence set may be preset by the system, or may be passed by the system Signaling configured, or implicitly indicated by the system; or,
  • (11) determining, according to the data transmission resource, two complex sequences to be used from the preset complex sequence set; for example, the transmitter determines, according to the relationship between the data transmission resource and the complex sequence set, the data transmission resource associated with the data transmission resource used. Presetting a plurality of sequence sets, and then determining, from the preset plurality of sequence sets, two complex sequences to be used, wherein the relationship between the data transmission resource and the complex sequence set may be fixedly configured by the system or passed by the system by signaling Configuration, or implicitly indicated by the system.
  • the foregoing data transmission resource is a data transmission resource used by the transmitter for data transmission, and may include a carrier, a time slot, a time-frequency resource, a spatial domain resource, or the like, or may be a transmission resource unit, a transmission resource block, or The definition or form of a collection of transport resources.
  • the foregoing preset complex sequence set may be determined according to one of the following ways:
  • the transmitter is determined according to a fixed configuration of the system, for example, the system preset or the system is fixedly configured with a complex sequence set used by the transmitter; or
  • the transmitter determines according to the signaling sent by the system, for example, the system configures the complex sequence set used by the transmitter semi-statically or dynamically by signaling; or
  • the transmitter is determined from a plurality of complex sequence sets according to a fixed configuration of the system, for example, the system fixedly configures an index of a complex sequence set used by the transmitter; or
  • the transmitter determines from a plurality of complex sequence sets according to signaling sent by the system, for example, the system semi-statically or dynamically configures an index of a complex sequence set used by the transmitter by signaling; or
  • the transmitter determines from the plurality of complex sequence sets according to its identity identification information, for example, the transmitter determines an index of the complex sequence set used by the transmitter according to its identification number, identity code, location, network address, and the like; or,
  • the transmitter determines from the plurality of complex sequence sets according to the data transmission resource, for example, the transmitter determines the preset complex sequence set associated with the used data transmission resource according to the association relationship between the data transmission resource and the complex sequence set. .
  • multiple sets of complex sequences may be preset by the system or configured by the system through signaling.
  • the two complex sequences determined by the transmitter may be two orthogonal complex sequences or two non-orthogonal complex sequences.
  • the length of the two complex sequences determined by the transmitter is L, and each element of the sequence is a complex number.
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the sequence are derived from the M-ary real number set, where L is an integer greater than 1.
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the transmitter may further perform energy normalization processing by multiplying the two complex sequences determined by the preset multiple coefficients (where the preset coefficients may be the first preset coefficient or the second preset coefficient).
  • the transmitter processes the obtained two data symbols by using the determined two complex sequences to generate two data symbol sequences.
  • the processing method may include:
  • the transmitter separately performs expansion processing on the obtained two data symbols using the corresponding complex sequence of the two complex sequences; for example, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the transmitter uses the complex sequence C 1 Extending the data symbol s 1 to generate a data symbol sequence R 1 , and expanding the data symbol s 2 using the complex sequence C 2 to generate a data symbol sequence R 2 ; or
  • the transmitter respectively maps the acquired two data symbols into corresponding multi-sequences of the determined two complex sequences; for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmitter maps the data symbol s 1 to a complex sequence C 1 to obtain data symbol sequence R 1, the data symbol s 2 is mapped to a complex sequence C 2 to obtain data symbol sequence R 2, herein, a data symbol sequence R 1 and a complex sequence of C. 1 are identical, a data symbol sequence R 2 and a plurality of sequence C 2 is the same.
  • the transmitter performs superposition processing on the generated two data symbol sequences to generate a superposed data symbol sequence T, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, and 6;
  • the superimposition processing method may include:
  • the transmitter directly adds two data symbol sequences R 1 and R 2 ; or
  • the transmitter adds the two data symbol sequences to the power adjustment process respectively; for example, the transmitter performs power adjustment processing on the data symbol sequence R 1 according to the preset power adjustment amount p 1 to obtain the data symbol sequence T 1 .
  • the transmitter performs power adjustment processing on the data symbol sequence R 1 according to the preset power adjustment amount p 1 to obtain the data symbol sequence T 1 .
  • the transmitter adds the two data symbol sequences separately after the amplitude adjustment processing; for example, the transmitter performs the amplitude adjustment processing on the data symbol sequence R 1 according to the preset amplitude adjustment amount a 1 to obtain the data symbol sequence T 1 , Performing amplitude adjustment processing on the data symbol sequence R 2 according to the preset amplitude adjustment amount a 2 to obtain a data symbol sequence T 2 , and then adding to obtain the superposed data symbol sequence T; or
  • the transmitter adds two data symbol sequences respectively after phase rotation processing; for example, the transmitter performs phase rotation processing on the data symbol sequence R 1 according to a preset phase rotation amount q 1 to obtain a data symbol sequence T 1 . Performing a phase rotation process on the data symbol sequence R 2 according to a preset phase rotation amount q 2 to obtain a data symbol sequence T 2 , and then adding to obtain a superposed data symbol sequence T; or
  • the transmitter adds the two data symbol sequences to the delay processing and adds them respectively; for example, the transmitter delays the data symbol sequence R 1 according to the preset delay amount d 1 to obtain the data symbol sequence T 1 , the data symbol The sequence R 2 is subjected to delay processing in accordance with a preset delay amount d 2 to obtain a data symbol sequence T 2 , and then added to obtain a superposed data symbol sequence T.
  • the power adjustment amount, the amplitude adjustment amount, the phase rotation amount, and the delay amount may be preset by the system, or the system is configured by signaling, or implicitly indicated by the system, or determined by the transmitter according to a preset rule. Further, the power adjustment processing, the amplitude adjustment processing, the phase rotation processing, and the delay processing described above may be performed only for a partial data symbol sequence.
  • the transmitter transmits the superposed data symbol sequence T;
  • the transmitting method may be: the transmitter performs carrier modulation on the superposed data symbol sequence T to form a transmission signal, and transmits the signal; or, the transmitter adds the superposed data symbol
  • the sequence T is mapped onto a preset data transmission resource to form a transmission signal and transmitted.
  • the transmitter may further acquire a plurality of data bits (more than two) output by the channel coder according to a process similar to the embodiment to obtain more than two data symbols to be sent, that is, N is greater than 2; for example, BPSK modulation is performed on 4 data bits output by the channel encoder, respectively, to obtain 4 data symbols as 4 data symbols to be transmitted, or 2 data bits outputted by the channel encoder.
  • the data bits are QPSK modulated to obtain two data symbols.
  • the real data and the imaginary data of each data symbol are respectively used as one data symbol, and four data symbols can be obtained as four data symbols to be transmitted, or
  • Each two data bits of the 8 data bits output by the channel encoder are QPSK modulated to obtain 4 data symbols as 4 data symbols to be transmitted; then, the transmitter determines N complex sequences to be used, and uses the determined The N complex sequences respectively process the acquired N data symbols, generate N data symbol sequences, and superimpose and process the N data symbol sequences to obtain a stack After the data symbol sequence and transmitting; the above described embodiments of the present embodiment is similar to the process which will not be repeated.
  • the transmitter performs superposition processing on the N data symbol sequences, and may further divide the N data symbol sequences into a plurality of data symbol sequence groups, each data symbol sequence group includes at least two data symbol sequences, and then the transmitter will each Adding at least two data symbol sequences in the data symbol sequence group, or separately performing power adjustment or amplitude adjustment or phase modulation or delay processing, etc., to obtain a plurality of superposed data symbol sequences, and respectively corresponding to Send on the data transmission resource.
  • the transmitter first acquires two data symbols to be sent, and the obtaining method may include:
  • one data bit b 11 and b 21 respectively output by two channel encoders are mapped according to a predetermined mapping rule (for example, when a data bit takes a value of "0", it is mapped to a data symbol. "1", data bit "1” is mapped to data symbol "-1") or BPSK modulation, respectively, to obtain 2 data symbols s 1 , s 2 as two data symbols to be transmitted; or
  • the two data bits b 11 b 12 and b 21 b 22 respectively output by the two channel encoders are respectively mapped according to a predetermined mapping rule (for example, constellation mapping or coordinate mapping) or separately.
  • a predetermined mapping rule for example, constellation mapping or coordinate mapping
  • one data bit b 11 and b 21 respectively output by two channel encoders are respectively used as one data symbol, or two data bits b 11 output by two channel encoders respectively.
  • b 12 and b 21 b 22 are respectively used as one data symbol, and two data symbols s 1 and s 2 are obtained as two data symbols to be transmitted.
  • the transmitter may also acquire a plurality of data bits (more than two) respectively output by the two channel encoders according to a process similar to the above manner to obtain two data symbols to be transmitted, for example, output two channel encoders separately.
  • the four data bits are respectively amplitude-phase modulated according to the 16QAM method, and one data symbol is obtained respectively, and two data symbols are obtained in total, and the two data symbols are used as two data symbols to be transmitted.
  • the transmitter determines two complex sequences C 1 and C 2 to be used , and the determination method is similar to that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
  • the transmitter processes the obtained two data symbols using the determined two complex sequences to generate two data symbol sequences R 1 and R 2 ;
  • the processing method may include:
  • the transmitter separately performs expansion processing on the obtained two data symbols using the corresponding complex sequence of the two complex sequences; for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the transmitter uses the complex sequence C 1 for the data.
  • symbol s 1 performing the broadening process generating the data symbol sequence R 1, using a complex sequence of data symbols C 2 s 2 performs an expansion process to generate a data symbol sequence R 2; or,
  • the transmitter respectively maps the acquired two data symbols into corresponding multi-sequences of the determined two complex sequences; for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the transmitter maps the data symbol s 1 to a complex sequence C 1 to obtain data symbol sequence R 1, the data symbol s 2 is mapped to a complex sequence C 2 to obtain data symbol sequence R 2, herein, a data symbol sequence R 1 and a complex sequence of C. 1 are identical, a data symbol sequence R 2 and a plurality of sequence C 2 is the same.
  • the transmitter performs superimposition processing on the generated two data symbol sequences to generate a superposed data symbol sequence T;
  • the superimposition processing method is similar to that in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the transmitter sends the superposed data symbol sequence T; the transmission method is similar to that of the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the transmitter processes the data bits output by the two channel encoders separately to obtain two data symbol sequences and performs superposition transmission
  • the two data before the transmitter superposition processing may be the transmitter's own transmission.
  • Data may also be one-way data for the transmitter's own transmission data, one channel of data for the transmitter to assist other transmitters to send data, or, alternatively, the transmitter to assist other transmitters to send data; the latter two
  • D2D device to device
  • the transmitter may further acquire one or more data bits respectively output by the plurality of channel encoders according to the processing similar to the embodiment to obtain more than two data symbols to be sent, that is, N. If it is greater than 2, for example, one data bit output by each of the four channel encoders is BPSK-modulated to obtain four data symbols, which are four data symbols to be transmitted, or two of the four channel encoders respectively output.
  • the data bits are QPSK modulated to obtain 4 data symbols as 4 data symbols to be transmitted; then, the transmitter determines N complex sequences to be used, and uses the determined N complex sequences to respectively obtain the obtained N data.
  • the symbol is processed to generate N data symbol sequences, and the N data symbol sequences are superimposed to obtain a superimposed data symbol sequence and transmitted; the processing is similar to the above description of the embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the transmitter performs superposition processing on the N data symbol sequences, and may further divide the N data symbol sequences into a plurality of data symbol sequence groups, each data symbol sequence group includes one or more data symbol sequences, and then the transmitter will The data symbol sequences in each data symbol sequence group are added, or respectively subjected to power adjustment or amplitude adjustment or phase modulation or delay processing, etc., to obtain a plurality of superposed data symbol sequences, and respectively in corresponding data transmission Transmitting on the resource; as shown in FIG. 10, the transmitter generates four data symbol sequences R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , and divides the four data symbol sequences into two data symbol sequence groups, each data symbol.
  • the sequence group includes two data symbol sequences, that is, the data symbol sequence R 1 , R 2 as a data symbol sequence group, the data symbol sequence R 3 , R 4 as a data symbol sequence group, and then each data symbol sequence group
  • the data symbol sequences are added to obtain two superimposed data symbol sequences T 1 and T 2 , and finally the transmitters respectively have two on their respective data transmission resources.
  • the superposed data symbol sequences T 1 , T 2 form a transmission signal and are transmitted.
  • K transmitters simultaneously perform data transmission on the same data transmission resource.
  • Each of the transmitters acquires N data symbols to be transmitted, determines N complex sequences to be used, and then processes the acquired N data symbols using the determined N complex sequences to generate N data symbols. Sequence, and superimposing N data symbol sequences to obtain a superposed data symbol sequence and transmitting.
  • the K transmitters use the same data transmission resources (such as time-frequency resources) to simultaneously transmit data. After being propagated through the wireless channel, the receiver receives the superimposed signals of the signals transmitted by the K transmitters.
  • the receiver When the receiver performs the reception detection, since the K transmitters perform data transmission on the same data transmission resource, the receiver can adopt the interference cancellation signal detection method (for example, serial interference cancellation SIC), according to the N used by each transmitter.
  • the complex sequence detects the data sent by each transmitter.
  • the values of the real part and the imaginary part of each element of the complex sequence used in the embodiment of the present invention are all derived from the M-ary real number set, it can effectively ensure that the K transmitters using the same data transmission resource select low cross-correlation.
  • the complex sequence processes and transmits the data symbols to be transmitted, so that the inter-user interference can be effectively controlled, and the number of the access users is supported, and the embodiment of the present invention can use the complex sequence with a shorter length than the related art. Therefore, the receiver detection complexity of the receiver can be effectively controlled. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can effectively control inter-user interference and effectively control the receiver detection complexity, thereby effectively improving multi-user access communication performance, realizing multi-user overload access communication and/or multi-user unscheduled connection. Incoming communication.
  • the application to the MC-CDMA system combined with the receiver using the interference cancellation signal detector can effectively control the inter-user interference and the reception detection complexity, thereby effectively improving the multi-user access communication performance and realizing multi-user overload access.
  • Communication; applied to the contention access scenario, multiple or even a large number of user terminals can request access to the system at the same time, which can effectively improve system access efficiency; apply to the schedule-free access scenario, and the user terminal needs to transmit data when transmitting data.
  • Multiple user terminals can use the same data transmission resource for data transmission at the same time, which can reduce system scheduling signaling, reduce terminal access delay, and realize non-scheduled access and communication of multiple user terminals.
  • the division of modules is only a logical function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation.
  • the modules shown or discussed may be connected to each other through some interface, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the modules may or may not be physically separate and may or may not be physical units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • the functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may be physically included, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software function modules.
  • the above-described integrated modules implemented in the form of software functional units can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above software function modules are stored in a storage medium and include a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store a program code.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve.
  • the devices/function modules/functional units in the above embodiments may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices.
  • the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment When the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • a complex sequence with a short length can be used, which can effectively control the receiver detection complexity and multi-user interference, thereby effectively improving multi-user access communication performance, implementing multi-user overload access communication and/or Multi-user free scheduling access communication.

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Abstract

本文公布一种数据传输方法及装置，包括：获取待发送的N个数据符号；确定需要使用的N个复数序列；使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；发送叠加后的数据符号序列；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。

Description

一种数据传输方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于无线通信技术。
背景技术
上行多用户接入通信可以通过不同的多址接入技术实现，例如，时分多址接入(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)、频分多址接入(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、码分多址接入(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)和空分多址接入(Space Division Multiple Access，SDMA)。其中，利用码分多址接入CDMA技术实现上行多用户接入通信可以提供优良的接入性能，已被多个无线通信标准采纳。
对于采用CDMA技术的接入过程，首先，多个接入终端分别采用一定长度的扩展序列(例如由L个元素构成的长度为L的扩展序列，其中，元素可以是数字符号)对待发送数据经过幅相调制(例如正交幅度调制(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM))后的数据符号进行扩展处理；其中，扩展处理是指每个调制后的数据符号与扩展序列的每个元素相乘形成与所采用的扩展序列长度相同的数据符号序列的过程；该过程中，每个调制后的数据符号(例如待发送数据经过QAM调制后对应的星座点符号)与长度为L的扩展序列的每个符号相乘使得每个调制后的数据符号被扩展为与所采用的扩展序列长度相同的数据符号序列，即每个调制后的数据符号会被扩展为L个符号，这相当于每个调制后的数据符号分别通过该长度为L的扩展序列承载；然后，多个接入终端的经过扩展处理得到的数据符号序列可以在相同的时频资源上发送；最后，基站接收到多个接入终端的扩展信号经过无线传播后叠加在一起的信号，通过多用户接收检测技术从接收到的叠加信号中分离出每个终端的有用信息。
CDMA属于扩频通信的范畴，因为终端调制后的数据符号采用长度为L的扩展序列进行扩展处理后会被扩展为L个符号，如果要求扩展处理后的L个符号的传输时间等于扩展前的数据符号的传输时间，那么传输扩展处理后 的L个符号所需的带宽需要扩展L倍，所以扩展序列常被称为扩频序列。
接入终端的经过扩展处理后得到的符号可以通过多载波技术(例如正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)以及滤波器组多载波(Filter-Bank Multi-Carrier，FBMC))来传输，码分多址接入与多载波技术的结合即多载波码分多址接入技术(Multi Carrier-Code Division Multiple Access，MC-CDMA)。
在CDMA技术中，发射机的扩展处理过程比较简单：把每个调制后的数据符号与长度为L的扩展序列的每个符号相乘得到扩展处理后的L个符号，然后通过单载波技术或多载波技术发射出去；而基站接收机的接收过程则相对比较复杂。基站接收机如何准确的从叠加信号中分离出每个终端的有用数据信息，来保证CDMA系统的多址接入性能，是CDMA系统的关键，这涉及到两个方面，即扩展序列和接收机，其中，扩展序列的选取是性能基础，接收机的设计是性能保障。
为了获取优良的多址接入性能，不同终端采用的扩展序列之间需要有良好的互相关特性。如果采用单载波码分复用技术，则终端采用的扩展序列还需要具有良好的自相关特性，来对抗多径时延扩展的影响；而多载波码分复用技术则可以依靠多载波技术来对抗多径时延扩展的影响，其扩展序列的设计可以着重考虑有利于接收机分离多用户信息的互相关特性。
在扩展序列的设计基础上，基站可以采用高性能的多用户接收检测技术来分离多用户信息，获取优良的多址接入性能，例如串行干扰消除(Successive Interference Cancellation，SIC)接收检测技术，不过其复杂度也相对比较高。
扩展序列的选取和设计是CDMA技术的重要方面。直接序列扩频码分多址接入(Direct Sequence-Code Division Multiple Access，DS-CDMA)技术是CDMA技术中一种常用的技术，已被作为多个无线通信标准与系统的上行多用户接入技术，其扩展序列采用的是简单的二元伪随机(Pseudo-Noise，PN)实数序列。并且，基于二元伪随机实数序列的DS-CDMA也被应用于MC-CDMA技术。二元伪随机实数序列也可以称为二进制伪随机序列，其每个元素或符号的取值通常表示为0或1，也可以表示为双极性序列，即0表 示为+1，1表示为-1，或者，0表示为-1，1表示为+1。
扩展序列的设计还需要考虑扩展序列的长度，扩展序列越长，不同接入终端采用的扩展序列之间的低互相关性越容易保证，并且，越容易选取出更多的具有低互相关性的序列，从而可以支持更多的终端同时接入。如果同时接入的终端数量大于扩展序列的长度，则认为系统处于过载状态。
支持大量用户同时接入系统进行通信是未来无线通信的一个重要需求，其可以考虑通过设计基于码分多址接入的具备较好过载能力的多用户接入通信系统来实现。降低通信时延是未来无线通信的另一个重要需求，其可以通过设计基于码分多址接入的具备免调度接入特点的多用户接入通信系统来实现。
从多用户信息论角度来看，上行采用非正交多址接入方式可以取得比正交多址接入方式更大的系统容量或边缘吞吐量，因此，为了提供灵活的系统设计，支持更多的用户同时接入，不同接入终端可以采用非正交的扩展序列。由于不同接入终端的扩展序列不是互相正交，每个接入终端的接收检测性能会随着同时接入的终端数量的增加而变差，当系统过载时多用户之间的干扰会变得更加严重。
相关技术中，在码分多址接入CDMA技术采用的是基于二元伪随机实数序列的扩展序列，长度相对较长，当大量用户终端接入系统时，或者当系统过载时，采用传统接收机(例如RAKE接收机)的性能会变差，而采用干扰消除接收机(例如采用SIC技术的接收机)的接收检测复杂度很高、时延也很大；如果采用长度较短的二元伪随机实数序列，则序列之间的低互相关性不容易保证，当大量用户终端接入系统时，或者当系统过载时，会产生严重的多用户间干扰，进而会影响多用户接收检测性能和多用户接入通信性能。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种数据传输方法及装置，用以解决相关技术中存 在的多用户间干扰严重、接收检测复杂度高从而影响多用户接收检测性能和多用户接入通信性能的问题。
本发明实施例提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法包括：
获取待发送的N个数据符号；
确定需要使用的N个复数序列；
使用所述N个复数序列分别对所述N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；
对所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；
发送所述叠加后的数据符号序列；
其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，所述获取待发送的N个数据符号包括：
将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理后得到的N个数据符号作为所述待发送的N个数据符号；或，
将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理后得到的Y个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为所述待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N＝2Y，Y为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，X为大于或等于N的整数。
可选的，所述第一预设处理或所述第二预设处理包括：
按照预定映射规则进行映射；或，
幅度和/或相位调制；或，
将每k个数据比特作为一个数据符号，其中，k为大于或等于1的整数。
可选的，所述N个复数序列为：
N个相互正交的复数序列；或，N个非正交的复数序列。
可选的，所述复数序列的长度为L，所述复数序列的每个元素为复数，所述复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，所述M元实数集合包括：
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数分别乘以第一预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数分别乘以第二预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合。
可选的，所述确定需要使用的N个复数序列包括：
根据系统固定配置确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
采用随机生成的方式确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据系统发送的信令确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据发射机身份识别信息确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据数据传输资源确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
采用随机选择的方式从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述系统发送的信令从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述N个数据符号从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述数据传输资源从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列。
可选的，所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述数据传输资源从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；其中，Q为不小于1的整数。
可选的，所述发射机身份识别信息包括以下至少一个：所述发射机编号、所述发射机身份识别码、所述发射机位置信息、所述发射机网络地址。
可选的，所述使用所述N个复数序列分别对所述N个数据符号进行处理包括：
分别对所述N个数据符号使用所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理；或，
分别将所述N个数据符号映射为所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列。
可选的，所述对所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理包括：
将所述N个数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加；或，
根据所述N个数据符号序列得到多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组中包含至少两个数据符号序列，将所述每个数据符号序列组中的至少两个数据符号序列相加或分别进行所述预设处理后相加。
可选的，所述预设处理包括：功率调整、幅度调整、相位旋转或延迟处理。
可选的，所述发送所述叠加后的数据符号序列包括：
对所述叠加后的数据符号序列在数据传输资源上形成发射信号并发送。
本发明实施例还提供了一种数据传输装置，该装置包括：
获取模块，设置为：获取待发送的N个数据符号；
确定模块，设置为：确定需要使用的N个复数序列；
第一处理模块，设置为：使用所述确定模块确定的所述N个复数序列分 别对所述获取模块获取的所述N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；
第二处理模块，设置为：对所述第一处理模块生成的所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；
发送模块，设置为：发送所述第二处理模块生成的所述叠加后的数据符号序列；
其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，所述获取模块是设置为：
将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理后得到的N个数据符号作为所述待发送的N个数据符号；或，
将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理后得到的Y个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为所述待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N＝2Y，Y为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，X为大于或等于N的整数。
可选的，所述N个复数序列为：
N个相互正交的复数序列；或，N个非正交的复数序列。
可选的，所述复数序列的长度为L，所述复数序列的每个元素为复数，所述复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，所述M元实数集合包括：
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数分别乘以第一预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数分别 乘以第二预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合。
可选的，所述确定模块是设置为：
根据系统固定配置确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
采用随机生成的方式确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据系统发送的信令确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据发射机身份识别信息确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据数据传输资源确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
采用随机选择的方式从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述系统发送的信令从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
根据所述N个数据符号从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或
根据所述数据传输资源从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列。
可选的，所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述数据传输资源从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；其中，Q为不小于1的整数。
可选的，所述发射机身份识别信息包括以下至少一个：所述发射机编 号、所述发射机身份识别码、所述发射机位置信息、所述发射机网络地址。
可选的，所述第一处理模块是设置为：
分别对所述N个数据符号使用所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理；或
分别将所述N个数据符号映射为所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列。
可选的，所述第二处理模块是设置为：
将所述N个数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加；或，
根据所述N个数据符号序列得到多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组中包含至少两个数据符号序列，将所述每个数据符号序列组中的至少两个数据符号序列相加或分别进行所述预设处理后相加。
可选的，所述发送模块是设置为：
对所述叠加后的数据符号序列在数据传输资源上形成发射信号并发送。
一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述任一项的方法。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法及装置，获取待发送的N个数据符号；确定需要使用的N个复数序列；使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；发送叠加后的数据符号序列；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。相对于相关技术，本发明实施例可以采用长度较短的复数序列，可以有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度以及多用户间干扰，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信和/或多用户免调度接入通信。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例还提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的实施例一中发射机进行数据传输的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的实施例一中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的实施例一中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的实施例一中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的实施例二中发射机进行数据传输的示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的实施例二中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的实施例二中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的实施例二中发射机进行数据传输的另一示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行。并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在一些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
本发明实施例中所述的系统为数据传输收发系统，包括发射机、接收机、以及相关的功能节点等，其中，发射机可以为终端发射机、基站发射机或其他类型的发射机，接收机可以为基站接收机、终端接收机或其他类型的接收机，相关的功能节点可以为网络管理单元、操作维护单元等；本发明实施例中与系统相关的描述或操作可以由终端实施，或者可以由基站实施，或 者可以由其他类型的发射机或接收机实施，或者可以由相关的功能节点实施；本发明实施例对此不做限定。另外，本发明实施例中的“包括”均应当理解为包括但不限于的含义。
本发明实施例提供的数据传输方法，应用于发射机中，如图1所示，该方法包括：
步骤101、获取待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
步骤102、确定需要使用的N个复数序列。
步骤103、使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列。
步骤104、对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列。
步骤105、发送叠加后的数据符号序列。
可选的，对于步骤101：获取待发送的N个数据符号，可以包括：
(1)将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理后得到的N个数据符号作为待发送的N个数据符号；或，
(2)将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理后得到的Y个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N＝2Y，Y为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，X为大于或等于N的整数。
可选的，上述的第一预设处理或第二预设处理，可以包括：
(1)按照预定映射规则进行映射；或，
(2)幅度和/或相位调制；或，
(3)将每k个数据比特作为一个数据符号，其中，k为大于或等于1的整数。
需要说明的是，上述第一、第二的说法仅是为了表述方便，并不存在顺序上的限定。
可选的，对于步骤102中的N个复数序列，为：
N个相互正交的复数序列；或，N个非正交的复数序列。
可选的，上述的复数序列的长度为L，复数序列中每个元素为复数，复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，上述M元实数集合可以包括：
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数分别乘以第一预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数分别乘以第二预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合。
需要说明的是，上述第一、第二的说法仅是为了表述方便，并不存在顺序上的限定。其中，第一预设系数可以与第二预设系数相同，也可以不同，第一预设系数和第二预设系数均可以用于实现复数序列的能量归一化效果。
可选的，对于步骤102：确定需要使用的N个复数序列，可以包括：
(1)根据系统固定配置确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(2)采用随机生成的方式确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(3)根据系统发送的信令确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(4)根据发射机身份识别信息需要需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(5)根据数据传输资源确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(6)根据系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(7)采用随机选择的方式从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(8)根据系统发送的指示信令从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(9)根据发射机身份识别信息从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(10)根据N个数据符号从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(11)根据数据传输资源从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列。
可选的，预设复数序列集合是根据系统固定配置确定的，或者预设复数序列集合是根据系统发送的信令确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据系统固定配置从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据系统发送的信令从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据发射机身份识别信息从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据数据传输资源从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；其中，Q为大于1的整数。
可选的，上述发射机身份识别信息可以包括以下至少一个：发射机编号、发射机身份识别码、发射机位置、发射机网络地址。
需要说明的是，发射机位置可以是发射机所处的地理坐标信息，例如经度和纬度坐标，发射机网络地址可以是发射机在网络中的网络协议(Internet Protocol，IP)地址或媒体接入控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)地址。
可选的，对于步骤103：使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列，可以包括：
(1)分别对N个数据符号使用N个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理，生成N个数据符号序列；或，
(2)分别将N个数据符号映射为N个复数序列中相应的复数序列，生成N个数据符号序列。
其中，扩展处理是指每个数据符号与相应的复数序列的每个元素(复数符号)进行复数相乘，形成与该复数序列长度相同的数据符号序列。
可选的，对于步骤104中的：对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，可以包括：
(1)将所述N个数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加；或，
(2)根据所述N个数据符号序列得到多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组中包含多个数据符号序列，将每个数据符号序列组中的数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加。
可选的，上述预设处理可以包括：功率调整、幅度调整、相位旋转或延迟处理。
可选的，对于步骤105：发送叠加后的数据符号序列，可以包括：
对叠加后的数据符号序列在数据传输资源上形成发射信号并发送。
最后还需说明的是，本发明实施例提供的数据传输方法的步骤并不一定具有严格的顺序关系，例如，一种可能的情况下：发射机还可以先确定需要使用的复数序列即先执行步骤102，或者，另一种可能的情况下：发射机确定需要使用的复数序列即步骤102可以在发射机进行数据传输的过程中仅执行一次。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法，包括：获取待发送的N个数据符号；确定需要使用的N个复数序列；使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；发送叠加后的数据符号序列；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。相对于相关技术，本发明实施例可以采用长度较短的复数序列，可以有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度以及多用户间干扰，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信和/或多用户免调度接入通信。
本发明实施例还提供一种数据传输装置10，该数据传输装置10设置于本发明实施例中所述的发射机中，本发明实施例中所述的发射机可以为终端发射机、基站发射机或其他类型的发射机，本发明实施例对此不作限定。
如图2所示，该数据传输装置10包括：
获取模块11，设置为：获取待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N为大于或 等于2的整数。
确定模块12，设置为：确定需要使用的N个复数序列。
第一处理模块13，设置为：使用确定模块12确定的N个复数序列分别对获取模块11获取的N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列。
第二处理模块14，设置为：对第一处理模块13生成的N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列。
发送模块15，设置为：发送第二处理模块14生成的叠加后的数据符号序列。
可选的，获取模块11是设置为：
将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理后得到的N个数据符号作为待发送的N个数据符号；或，
将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理后得到的Y个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N＝2Y，Y为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，X为大于或等于N的整数。
可选的，获取模块11将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理，或者获取模块11将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理可以为：
获取模块11将X个数据比特按照预定映射规则进行映射；或，
获取模块11将X个数据比特进行幅度和/或相位调制；或，
获取模块11将X个数据比特中每k个数据比特作为一个数据符号，其中，k为大于或等于1的整数。
可选的，N个复数序列为：
N个相互正交的复数序列；或，N个非正交的复数序列。
可选的，复数序列的长度为L，复数序列的每个元素为复数，复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。
可选的，M元实数集合包括：
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数分别乘以第一预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合；或，
当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数分别乘以第二预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合。
可选的，确定模块12是设置为：
(1)根据系统固定配置确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(2)采用随机生成的方式确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(3)根据系统发送的信令确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(4)根据发射机身份识别信息需要需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(5)根据数据传输资源确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(6)根据系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(7)采用随机选择的方式从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(8)根据系统发送的指示信令从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(9)根据发射机身份识别信息从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(10)根据N个数据符号从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
(11)根据数据传输资源从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的N个复数序列。
可选的，预设复数序列集合是根据系统固定配置确定的，或者预设复数 序列集合是根据系统发送的信令确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据系统固定配置从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据系统发送的信令从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据发射机身份识别信息从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者预设复数序列集合是根据数据传输资源从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；其中，Q为大于1的整数。
可选的，发射机身份识别信息包括以下至少一个：发射机编号、发射机身份识别码、发射机位置信息、发射机网络地址。
可选的，第一处理模块13是设置为：
分别对N个数据符号使用N个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理，生成N个数据符号序列；或，
分别将N个数据符号映射为N个复数序列中相应的复数序列，生成N个数据符号序列。
可选的，第二处理模块14是设置为：
将所述N个数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加；或，
根据所述N个数据符号序列得到多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组中包含多个数据符号序列，将每个数据符号序列组中的数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加。
可选的，上述预设处理可以包括：功率调整、幅度调整、相位旋转或延迟处理。
可选的，发送模块15是设置为：
对叠加后的数据符号序列在数据传输资源上形成发射信号并发送。
本实施例用于实现上述方法实施例，本实施例中模块的工作流程和工作原理参见上述方法实施例中的描述，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输装置，获取待发送的N个数据符号；确定需要使用的N个复数序列；使用N个复数序列分别对N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；发送叠加后的数据符号序列；其中，N为大于或等于 2的整数。相对于相关技术，本发明实施例可以采用长度较短的复数序列，可以有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度以及多用户间干扰，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信和/或多用户免调度接入通信。
为了使本领域技术人员能够更清楚地理解本发明实施例提供的技术方案，下面通过实施例，对本发明实施例提供的数据传输方法进行详细说明，其中，下述实施例中的发射机中均设置有本发明实施例提供的数据传输装置，可以理解的是：下述实施例中的发射机均可实现该数据传输装置的功能。
实施例一
本实施例中，假设N等于2，则发射机首先获取待发送的2个数据符号，获取方法可以包括：
(1)如图3所示，将信道编码器输出的2个数据比特b1b2分别按照预定映射规则进行映射(例如，数据比特的值为“0”时映射为数据符号“1”，数据比特的值为“1”时映射为数据符号“-1”)，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号；或，
(2)如图4所示，将信道编码器输出的2个数据比特b1b2分别进行BPSK调制，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号；或，
(3)如图5所示，将信道编码器输出的2个数据比特b1b2进行QPSK调制，得到一个数据符号，把该数据符号的实部数据作为待发送的数据符号s1、虚部数据作为待发送的数据符号s2；或，
(4)如图6所示，将信道编码器输出的2个数据比特b1b2的每个数据比特作为一个数据符号，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号。
需要说明的是，发射机还可以将信道编码器输出的多个数据比特(大于2个)按照与上述方式类似的处理，来获取待发送的2个数据符号。例如，将信道编码器输出的4个数据比特中的每两个数据比特进行QPSK调制，得到2个数据符号，作为待发送的2个数据符号，或者，将信道编码器输出的 4个数据比特进行16QAM调制，得到一个数据符号，把该数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为待发送的2个数据符号。
需要说明的是，上述BPSK调制可以通过幅度调制或相位调制的方式实现，QPSK调制可以通过相位调制的方式实现，16QAM调制可以通过幅度相位调制的方式实现。另外，上述按照预定映射规则映射的方式还包括通过星座图映射或坐标映射的方式实现。
然后，发射机确定需要使用的2个复数序列C1、C2，确定方法可以包括：
(1)根据系统固定配置确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，系统固定配置了发射机使用的2个复数序列，发射机根据该配置确定其需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(2)采用随机生成的方式确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机通过其随机序列生成器来生成其需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(3)根据系统发送的信令确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，系统通过信令半静态或动态配置了发射机需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(4)根据发射机身份识别信息确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机根据其编号、身份识别码、位置(例如地理坐标)、网络地址(例如网络协议(Internet Protocol，IP)地址或媒体接入控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)地址)等身份识别信息按照系统预设规则确定其随机序列生成器的初始状态并随机生成需要使用的2个复数序列，或者，发射机根据其身份识别信息构成的序列掩码或序列索引确定需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(5)根据数据传输资源确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机根据使用的数据传输资源按照系统预设规则确定其随机序列发生器的初始状态，随机生成需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(6)根据系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，系统固定配置了发射机使用的2个复数序列的索引，发射机根据该索引从预设复数序列集合中确定其需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(7)采用随机选择的方式从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复 数序列；例如，发射机通过其随机数发生器生成2个复数序列的索引，根据该索引从预设复数序列集合中确定其需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(8)根据系统发送的信令从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，系统通过信令半静态或动态配置了发射机使用的2个复数序列的索引，发射机根据该索引从预设复数序列集合中确定其需要使用的2个复数序列；或，
(9)根据发射机身份识别信息从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机根据其编号、身份识别码、位置、网络地址等身份识别信息确定其使用的2个复数序列的索引，根据该索引从预设复数序列集合中确定其需要使用的2个复数序列，比如，假设发射机编号为A，发射机可以确定其使用的2个复数序列的索引为2A、2A+1；或，
(10)根据所述2个数据符号从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机获取与2个数据符号分别关联的预设复数序列集合，并根据每个数据符号与关联的预设复数序列集合中的复数序列之间的对应关系从该预设复数序列集合中确定与每个数据符号对应的一个复数序列，得到2个复数序列，作为需要使用的2个复数序列，其中，与每个数据符号关联的预设复数序列集合、每个数据符号与关联的预设复数序列集合中的复数序列之间的对应关系可以是系统预设的，或者是系统通过信令配置的，或者是系统隐含指示的；或，
(11)根据数据传输资源从预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列；例如，发射机根据数据传输资源与复数序列集合之间的关联关系确定与所使用的数据传输资源关联的预设复数序列集合，然后从该预设复数序列集合中确定需要使用的2个复数序列，其中，数据传输资源与复数序列集合之间的关联关系可以由系统固定配置、或者由系统通过信令配置、或者由系统隐含指示。
需要说明的是，上述的数据传输资源是发射机进行数据传输时使用的数据传输资源，可以包括载波、时隙、时频资源、空域资源等类型，也可以为传输资源单元、传输资源块或者传输资源集合的定义或形式。
上述预设复数序列集合可以根据以下方式之一确定：
(1)发射机根据系统固定配置确定，例如，系统预设或系统固定配置了发射机使用的复数序列集合；或，
(2)发射机根据系统发送的信令确定，例如，系统通过信令半静态或动态配置了发射机使用的复数序列集合；或，
(3)发射机根据系统固定配置从多个复数序列集合中确定，例如，系统固定配置了发射机使用的复数序列集合的索引；或，
(4)发射机根据系统发送的信令从多个复数序列集合中确定，例如，系统通过信令半静态或动态配置了发射机使用的复数序列集合的索引；或，
(5)发射机根据其身份识别信息从多个复数序列集合中确定的，例如，发射机根据其编号、身份识别码、位置、网络地址等身份识别信息确定其使用的复数序列集合的索引；或，
(6)发射机根据数据传输资源从多个复数序列集合中确定，例如，发射机根据数据传输资源与复数序列集合之间的关联关系确定与所使用的数据传输资源关联的预设复数序列集合。
需要说明的是，多个复数序列集合可以是系统预设的或系统通过信令配置的。
发射机确定的2个复数序列可以为2个正交的复数序列，也可以为2个非正交的复数序列。
发射机确定的2个复数序列的长度为L，序列每个元素为复数，序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。例如，当M取值为2，复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于集合{-1,1}；当M取值为3，复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于集合{-1,0,1}。另外，发射机还可以对其确定的2个复数序列分别乘以预设系数(此处预设系数可以是第一预设系数或第二预设系数)进行能量归一化处理。
其次，发射机使用所确定的2个复数序列分别对所获取的2个数据符号进行处理，生成2个数据符号序列；处理方法可以包括：
(1)发射机分别对所获取的2个数据符号使用所确定的2个复数序列中 相应的复数序列进行扩展处理；例如，如图3、4、5所示，发射机使用复数序列C1对数据符号s1进行扩展处理生成数据符号序列R1，使用复数序列C2对数据符号s2进行扩展处理生成数据符号序列R2；或，
(2)发射机分别将所获取的2个数据符号映射为所确定的2个复数序列中相应的复数序列；例如，如图6所示，发射机将数据符号s1映射为复数序列C1得到数据符号序列R1，将数据符号s2映射为复数序列C2得到数据符号序列R2，这里，数据符号序列R1与复数序列C1是相同的，数据符号序列R2与复数序列C2是相同的。
再其次，发射机对生成的2个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列T，如图3、4、5、6所示；叠加处理方法可以包括：
(1)发射机将2个数据符号序列R1和R2直接相加；或，
(2)发射机将2个数据符号序列分别进行功率调整处理后相加；例如，发射机对数据符号序列R1按照预设的功率调整量p1进行功率调整处理得到数据符号序列T1，对数据符号序列R2按照预设的功率调整量p2进行功率调整处理得到数据符号序列T2，然后相加，得到叠加后的数据符号序列T；或，
(3)发射机将2个数据符号序列分别进行幅度调整处理后相加；例如，发射机对数据符号序列R1按照预设的幅度调整量a1进行幅度调整处理得到数据符号序列T1，对数据符号序列R2按照预设的幅度调整量a2进行幅度调整处理得到数据符号序列T2，然后相加，得到叠加后的数据符号序列T；或，
(4)发射机将2个数据符号序列分别进行相位旋转处理后相加；例如，发射机对数据符号序列R1按照预设的相位旋转量q1进行相位旋转处理得到数据符号序列T1，对数据符号序列R2按照预设的相位旋转量q2进行相位旋转处理得到数据符号序列T2，然后相加，得到叠加后的数据符号序列T；或，
(5)发射机将2个数据符号序列分别进行延迟处理后相加；例如，发射机对数据符号序列R1按照预设的延迟量d1进行延迟处理得到数据符号序列T1，对数据符号序列R2按照预设的延迟量d2进行延迟处理得到数据符号序列 T2，然后相加，得到叠加后的数据符号序列T。
上述功率调整量、幅度调整量、相位旋转量、延迟量可以是系统预设的，或者系统通过信令配置的，或者是系统隐含指示的，或者是发射机根据预设规则确定的。另外，上述功率调整处理、幅度调整处理、相位旋转处理、延迟处理可以仅针对部分数据符号序列实施。
最后，发射机发送叠加后的数据符号序列T；发送方法可以为：发射机对叠加后的数据符号序列T进行载波调制，形成发射信号，并发送出去；或者，发射机把叠加后的数据符号序列T映射到预设的数据传输资源上，形成发射信号，并发送出去。
在本实施例基础上，发射机还可以将信道编码器输出的多个数据比特(大于2个)按照与本实施例类似的处理来获取待发送的多于2个的数据符号，即N大于2；例如，将信道编码器输出的4个数据比特分别进行BPSK调制，得到4个数据符号，作为待发送的4个数据符号，或者，将信道编码器输出的4个数据比特的每两个数据比特进行QPSK调制，得到2个数据符号，把每个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据分别作为一个数据符号，可得到4个数据符号，作为待发送的4个数据符号，或者，将信道编码器输出的8个数据比特的每两个数据比特进行QPSK调制，得到4个数据符号，作为待发送的4个数据符号；然后，发射机确定需要使用的N个复数序列，使用所确定的N个复数序列分别对所获取的N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列，并对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，得到叠加后的数据符号序列并发送；其处理与本实施例上述描述类似，不再赘述。
其中，发射机对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，还可以将N个数据符号序列划分为多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组包括至少两个数据符号序列，然后发射机将每个数据符号序列组中的至少两个数据符号序列相加、或者分别进行功率调整或幅度调整或相位调制或延迟处理等后相加，得到多个叠加后的数据符号序列，并分别在相应的数据传输资源上进行发送。
实施例二
本实施例中，假设N等于2，则发射机首先获取待发送的2个数据符号，获取方法可以包括：
(1)如图7所示，将2个信道编码器分别输出的1个数据比特b11、b21分别按照预定映射规则进行映射(例如，数据比特取值为“0”时映射为数据符号“1”，数据比特取值为“1”时映射为数据符号“-1”)或者分别进行BPSK调制，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号；或，
(2)如图8所示，将2个信道编码器分别输出的2个数据比特b11b12、b21b22分别按照预定映射规则进行映射(例如星座图映射或坐标映射)或者分别进行QPSK调制，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号；或，
(3)如图9所示，将2个信道编码器分别输出的1个数据比特b11、b21分别作为一个数据符号，或者，将2个信道编码器分别输出的2个数据比特b11b12、b21b22分别作为一个数据符号，得到2个数据符号s1、s2，作为待发送的2个数据符号。
发射机还可以将两个信道编码器分别输出的多个的数据比特(大于2个)按照与上述方式类似的处理来获取待发送的2个数据符号，例如，将2个信道编码器分别输出的4个数据比特分别按照16QAM方式进行幅度相位调制，分别得到一个数据符号，共得到2个数据符号，将这2个数据符号作为待发送的2个数据符号。
然后，发射机确定需要使用的2个复数序列C1、C2，确定方法与实施例一类似，不再赘述。
其次，发射机使用所确定的2个复数序列分别对所获取的2个数据符号进行处理，生成2个数据符号序列R1、R2；处理方法可以包括：
(1)发射机分别对所获取的2个数据符号使用所确定的2个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理；例如，如图7、8所示，发射机使用复数序列C1对数据符号s1进行扩展处理生成数据符号序列R1，使用复数序列C2对数据符号s2进行扩展处理生成数据符号序列R2；或，
(2)发射机分别将所获取的2个数据符号映射为所确定的2个复数序列 中相应的复数序列；例如，如图9所示，发射机将数据符号s1映射为复数序列C1得到数据符号序列R1，将数据符号s2映射为复数序列C2得到数据符号序列R2，这里，数据符号序列R1与复数序列C1是相同的，数据符号序列R2与复数序列C2是相同的。
再其次，发射机对生成的2个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列T；其叠加处理方法与实施例一类似，不再赘述。
最后，发射机发送叠加后的数据符号序列T；其发送方法与实施例一类似，不再赘述。
本实施例中，发射机将两个信道编码器输出的数据比特分别进行处理后得到两个数据符号序列并进行叠加传输，发射机叠加处理之前的两路数据可以均为该发射机自身的发送数据，或者，也可以一路数据为该发射机自身的发送数据、一路数据为该发射机协助其他发射机发送的数据，或者，也可以均为该发射机协助其他发射机发送的数据；后面两种情况可以应用于中继通信、设备到设备(Device to Device,D2D)通信等场景。
在本实施例基础上，发射机还可以将多个信道编码器分别输出的一个或多个数据比特分别按照与本实施例类似的处理来获取待发送的多于2个的数据符号，即N大于2，例如，将4个信道编码器分别输出的1个数据比特进行BPSK调制，得到4个数据符号，作为待发送的4个数据符号，或者，将4个信道编码器分别输出的2个数据比特进行QPSK调制，得到4个数据符号，作为待发送的4个数据符号；然后，发射机确定需要使用的N个复数序列，使用所确定的N个复数序列分别对所获取的N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列，并对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，得到叠加后的数据符号序列并发送；其处理与本实施例上述描述类似，不再赘述。
其中，发射机对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，还可以将N个数据符号序列划分为多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组包括一个或多个数据符号序列，然后发射机将每个数据符号序列组中的数据符号序列相加、或者分别进行功率调整或幅度调整或相位调制或延迟处理等后相加，得到多个叠加后的数据符号序列，并分别在相应的数据传输资源上进行发送；如图10所示，发射机生成4个数据符号序列R1、R2、R3、R4，将4个数据符号序列 划分为2个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组包括2个数据符号序列，即将数据符号序列R1、R2作为一个数据符号序列组，将数据符号序列R3、R4作为一个数据符号序列组，然后将每个数据符号序列组中的数据符号序列相加，得到2个叠加后的数据符号序列T1、T2，最后发射机分别在各自的数据传输资源上将2个叠加后的数据符号序列T1、T2形成发射信号并发送出去。
实施例三
本实施例中，K个发射机在相同的数据传输资源上同时进行数据传输。
其中，每个发射机获取待发送的N个数据符号，确定需要使用的N个复数序列，然后使用所确定的N个复数序列分别对所获取的N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列，并对N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，得到叠加后的数据符号序列并发送。
K个发射机使用相同的数据传输资源(例如时频资源)同时进行数据传输，经过无线信道传播后，接收机会接收到K个发射机发射的信号的叠加信号。
接收机在进行接收检测时，由于K个发射机在相同的数据传输资源上进行数据传输，接收机可以采用干扰消除信号检测方法(例如串行干扰消除SIC)，根据每个发射机使用的N个复数序列检测出每个发射机发送的数据。
由于本发明实施例中所采用的复数序列的每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均来自于M元实数集合，可以有效保证使用相同数据传输资源的K个发射机选取低互相关的复数序列对其待发送数据符号进行处理并发送，从而可以有效控制多用户间干扰，支持较高的接入用户数量；同时，相对于相关技术，本发明实施例可以采用长度较短的复数序列，从而可以有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度。因此，本发明实施例可以有效控制多用户间干扰，有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信和/或多用户免调度接入通信。
最后，值得一提的是，基于上述所有的实施例，在应用时，可以应用于MC-CDMA系统、竞争接入场景或免调度接入场景等。其中，应用于MC-CDMA系统，结合采用干扰消除信号检测器的接收机，可以有效控制多用户间干扰和接收检测复杂度，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信；应用于竞争接入场景，多个甚至大量用户终端可以同时请求接入系统，可以有效改善系统接入效率；应用于免调度接入场景，用户终端需要发送数据时即可进行数据传输，多个用户终端可以同时使用相同的数据传输资源进行数据传输，可以减少系统调度信令、降低终端接入时延，实现多个用户终端免调度接入与通信。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另一点，所显示或讨论的模块相互之间的连接可以是通过一些接口，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。所述模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，可以是或者也可以不是物理单元。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明实施例中的功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是每个模块单独物理包括，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能模块的形式实现。
上述以软件功能单元的形式实现的集成的模块，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能模块存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明实施例所述方法的部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
工业实用性
本发明实施例可以采用长度较短的复数序列，可以有效控制接收机的接收检测复杂度以及多用户间干扰，从而可以有效改善多用户接入通信性能，实现多用户过载接入通信和/或多用户免调度接入通信。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，包括：
    获取待发送的N个数据符号；
    确定需要使用的N个复数序列；
    使用所述N个复数序列分别对所述N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；
    对所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；
    发送所述叠加后的数据符号序列；
    其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获取待发送的N个数据符号包括：
    将X个数据比特经过第一预设处理后得到的N个数据符号作为所述待发送的N个数据符号；或，
    将X个数据比特经过第二预设处理后得到的Y个数据符号的实部数据和虚部数据作为所述待发送的N个数据符号，其中，N＝2Y，Y为大于或等于1的整数；
    其中，X为大于或等于N的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述第一预设处理或所述第二预设处理包括：
    按照预定映射规则进行映射；或，
    幅度和/或相位调制；或，
    将每k个数据比特作为一个数据符号，其中，k为大于或等于1的整数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述N个复数序列为：
    N个相互正交的复数序列；或，N个非正交的复数序列。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述复数序列的长度为L，所述复数序列的每个元素为复数，所述复数序列每个元素的实部与虚部的取值均 来自于M元实数集合，其中，L为大于1的整数，M为大于或等于2的整数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述M元实数集合包括：
    当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数组成的集合；或，
    当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数组成的集合；或，
    当M为大于2的奇数时，[-(M-1)/2,(M-1)/2]范围内的M个整数分别乘以第一预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合；或，
    当M为大于或等于2的偶数时，[-(M-1),(M-1)]范围内的M个奇数分别乘以第二预设系数得到的M个实数组成的集合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述确定需要使用的N个复数序列包括：
    根据系统固定配置确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    采用随机生成的方式确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据系统发送的信令确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据发射机身份识别信息确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据数据传输资源确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据所述系统固定配置从预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    采用随机选择的方式从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据所述系统发送的信令从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列；或，
    根据所述N个数据符号从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的 N个复数序列；或，
    根据所述数据传输资源从所述预设复数序列集合中确定所述需要使用的N个复数序列。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统固定配置从Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述系统发送的信令从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述发射机身份识别信息从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；或者所述预设复数序列集合是根据所述数据传输资源从所述Q个复数序列集合中确定的；其中，Q为不小于1的整数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述发射机身份识别信息包括以下至少一个：所述发射机编号、所述发射机身份识别码、所述发射机位置信息、所述发射机网络地址。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述使用所述N个复数序列分别对所述N个数据符号进行处理包括：
    分别对所述N个数据符号使用所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列进行扩展处理；或，
    分别将所述N个数据符号映射为所述N个复数序列中相应的复数序列。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述对所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理包括：
    将所述N个数据符号序列相加或分别进行预设处理后相加；或，
    根据所述N个数据符号序列得到多个数据符号序列组，每个数据符号序列组中包含至少两个数据符号序列，将所述每个数据符号序列组中的至少两个数据符号序列相加或分别进行所述预设处理后相加。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述预设处理包括：功率调整、幅度调整、相位旋转或延迟处理。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述发送所述叠加后的数据符 号序列包括：
    对所述叠加后的数据符号序列在数据传输资源上形成发射信号并发送。
  14. 一种数据传输装置，包括：
    获取模块，设置为：获取待发送的N个数据符号；
    确定模块，设置为：确定需要使用的N个复数序列；
    第一处理模块，设置为：使用所述确定模块确定的所述N个复数序列分别对所述获取模块获取的所述N个数据符号进行处理，生成N个数据符号序列；
    第二处理模块，设置为：对所述第一处理模块生成的所述N个数据符号序列进行叠加处理，生成叠加后的数据符号序列；
    发送模块，设置为：发送所述第二处理模块生成的所述叠加后的数据符号序列；
    其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求1-13任一项的方法。
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